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Publication 30. Geological Series 25. INLAND LAKES of MICHIGAN

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Publication 30. Geological Series 25. INLAND LAKES of MICHIGAN STATE OF MICHIGAN List of Illustrations MICHIGAN GEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SURVEY Publication 30. Geological Series 25. Plates INLAND LAKES OF MICHIGAN Plate XI. Bar, Long Lake, St. Joseph County. .........................8 PUBLISHED AS A PART OF THE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Plate XII, A. White sands, Lake Mitchell................................15 BOARD OF GEOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1920 Plate XII, B. Ice-jam, Lake Mitchell........................................15 LANSING, MICHIGAN WYNKOOP HALLENBECK CRAWFORD CO., STATE PRINTERS Plate XIII. Stream diverted by currents. Lake Mitchell..........15 1921 Plate XIV, A. “Beaver Dam,” Otsego Lake. ...........................26 Plate XIV, B. Ice-formed V-bar, Long Lake, Alpena County..26 Contents Plate XV, A. Ice-formed Spit, Long Lake, Alpena County. ....33 CHAPTER V. Interior Lakes of the Southern Plate XV, B. Ice Rampart, Apple Island, Orchard Lake. ........33 Peninsula. Western Interlobate Area ........................... 2 Plate XVI, A. Spit, Cass Lake................................................37 Lakes of St. Joseph County........................................... 2 Plate XVI, B. Dissection of ice rampart, Cass Lake...............37 Klinger Lake .............................................................2 Corey Lake...............................................................4 Plate XVII, A. Ice rampart, Indian Lake. ................................47 Clear Lake................................................................6 Plate XVII, B. Vegetation—Lagoon and bar near Indian Lake, Long Lake ................................................................8 Schoolcraft County.........................................................47 Gun Lake .................................................................9 Plate XVIII. Extinction by vegetation, Arm of Pine Lake, Huron Lakes Cadillac and Mitchell......................................... 13 Mountains.......................................................................50 Lake Mitchell ..........................................................14 Plate XIX, A. Waves breaking over submerged bar, Lake CHAPTER VI. Interior Lakes of the Southern Michigamme...................................................................55 Peninsula, Continued. Lakes of the Western Interlobate Area and of Alpena County ...................... 16 Plate XIX, B. Storm beach, east end of Lake Michigamme...55 Houghton Lake ............................................................ 16 Plate XX, A. Looking North on Lake Gogebic. ......................60 Higgins Lake................................................................ 18 Plate XX, B. Mountain Lake, Huron Mountains. ....................60 Portage Lake, Crawford County .................................. 22 Otsego Lake ................................................................ 23 Figures Hubbard Lake .............................................................. 27 Figure 63. Topographic map of Klinger Lake and Long Lake, Alpena County .......................................... 30 surroundings. ...................................................................3 CHAPTER VII. Interior Lakes of the Southern Figure 64. Topographic map of Corey, Clear and Long Lakes Peninsula, Continued. Lakes of the Eastern and surroundings. ............................................................4 Interlobate Area............................................................. 34 Figure 65. Sketch of small island tied to the mainland by two Orchard Lake............................................................... 34 bars or tombolos. .............................................................5 Cass Lake.................................................................... 36 Figure 66. Outline map of Gun Lake, Barry County. .............10 Long Lake, Genesee County....................................... 38 Figure 67. Outline map of Lakes Mitchell and Cadillac, CHAPTER VIII. Lakes of the Northern Peninsula...... 41 Wexford County. ............................................................13 Brevort Lake ................................................................ 41 Figure 68. Map showing the distribution of the glacial The Manistique Lakes ................................................. 43 formations in the vicinity of Houghton and Higgins Manistique Lake.....................................................44 Lakes. ............................................................................16 Whitefish Lake .......................................................45 Figure 69. Outline map of Houghton Lake, Roscommon Indian Lake .................................................................. 46 County............................................................................17 Huron Mountain Lakes ................................................ 48 Figure 70. Outline map of Higgins Lake, Roscommon Pine Lake ...............................................................49 County............................................................................19 Conway Lake .........................................................50 Figure 71. Outline map of Portage Lake, Crawford County...23 Rush Lake..............................................................50 Ives and Mountain Lakes.......................................51 Figure 72. Map of the glacial formations in the vicinity of Lake Michigamme..................................................53 Otsego Lake...................................................................24 Portage and Torch Lakes ......................................56 Figure 73. Outline map of Otsego Lake. ...............................24 Gogebic Lake.........................................................58 Figure 74. Map of the glacial formations in the vicinity of Chicagon Lake .......................................................62 Hubbard Lake.................................................................27 Figure 75. Outline map of Hubbard Lake, Alcona County. ....28 Publication 30, Geological Series 25 / Chapters 5-8 – Page 1 of 63 Figure 76. Outline map of Long Lake, Alpena County...........30 and may use this as a natural order for discussion, even Figure 77. Boulder pushed on shore by an ice-jam, Long Lake, though other relationships may be very remote. Alpena County................................................................32 The fact that the glacier receded from the Southern Figure 78. Boulder pushed on shore by an ice-jam. ..............32 Peninsula in a general northeasterly direction and that great interlobate areas were first uncovered between the Figure 79. Topographic map of Cass and Orchard lakes and Michigan-Huron-Saginaw lobes and the Saginaw-Erie vicinity, Oakland County .................................................35 lobes has been mentioned previously. For convenience Figure 80. Outline map of Long Lake and neighboring lakes, we may term, the interlobate areas as the eastern and Genesee County.............................................................39 western, although they merge in the southern part of the Figure 81. Outline map of Brevort Lake, Mackinac County. ..41 Peninsula. In general, for each of these areas the relative age of the lakes is determined by their position, Figure 82. Outline map of the Manistique Lakes, Luce and the more southerly being the older. However, within the Mackinac Counties. ........................................................44 moraines which border the interlobate areas the older Figure 83. Outline map of Indian Lake near Manistique, lakes necessarily lie nearer the interlobate and it is only Schoolcraft County. ........................................................46 by a consideration of both of these factors that the Figure 84. Relief map of the Huron Mts.................................49 chronological order may be determined. Uncertainties exist as to the correlation of the glacial deposits and, Figure 85. Outline map of Lake Michigamme, Marquette therefore, the order here presented is tentative and open County. ...........................................................................53 to revision. Figure 86. Geological section across the Marquette Iron Range, showing relation of Lake Michigamme to the formation ........................................................................53 LAKES OF ST. JOSEPH COUNTY Figure 87. Sketch showing plan of the spits on the north shore Probably the first part of the Southern Peninsula to be of Lake Michigamme. .....................................................54 uncovered by the ice is a small triangular area included largely in St. Joseph County. Within this county the Figure 88. Cuspate foreland on the north shore of Lake glacial formations consist of two morainic tracts, one in Michigamme. ..................................................................55 the eastern part and the other crossing the northern part Figure 89. Outline map of Portage and Torch Lakes and of the western boundary, and a large area of outwash vicinity, Houghton County...............................................56 which stands between and around the northern borders Figure 90. Outline map of Lake Gogebic, Ontonagon and of the morainic areas. A number of small lakes occupy Gogebic Counties...........................................................59 pits in the outwash and basins in the moraine in this region. The more numerous, however, lie in the Figure 91. Map of western part of the Northern Peninsula showing the general distribution of the Copper and
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