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Hirohito Background Guide.Pages 32ND ANNUAL HORACE MANN MODEL UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE EMPEROR HIROHITO’S WORLD WAR II CABINET JOSHUA DOOLAN SAJAN MEHROTRA CHAIR MODERATOR TABLE OF CONTENTS LETTER FROM THE SECRETARIAT 3 LETTER FROM THE CHAIR 4 COMMITTEE BACKGROUND AND PROCEDURE 5 Points and Motions 5 Documents 7 TOPIC A: WAR 9 Overview of the Topic 9 The Russo-Japanese War: 10 Japan and WWI: 11 Japan and China 11 Pre-WWII Japan: 12 Current Situation 12 Questions to Consider 12 Possible Solutions 13 Committee Members 14 SOURCES 21 LETTER FROM THE SECRETARIAT Jenna Freidus DEAR DELEGATES, Valerie Maier Evan Megibow Secretaries-General It is our pleasure to welcome you to Horace Mann’s 32nd Samuel Harris Annual Model United Nations Conference, HoMMUNC XXXII! Jacqueline Lee Since 1985, HoMMUNC has brought together future world Radhika Mehta Directors-General leaders in a day full of intellect, discourse, and compromise. The conference engages academically minded high school and middle Bliss Beyer Heath Bleustein school students to contemplate and discuss imperative global Charlie Hayman concerns. We are honored to have inherited the responsibility of Joshua Doolan organizing this conference for all of you, the over 1000 delegates Arianna Läufer Joanne Wang that will attend HoMMUNC this year. We hope you are excited Jada Yang as we are for the conference to begin! Senior Executive Board James Berg We encourage you to deeply explore your topics and arrive Julia Hornstein Alexa Watson at HoMMUNC prepared to engage in the discourse of your Middle Division Officers committees and truly involve yourself in the negotiation process, Shant Amerkanian regardless of your age or experience in Model UN. Each Connor Morris committee is comprised of a wide-ranging group of delegates and Lauren Port Conference Coordinators will address a pressing global issue. We challenge you to delve deep into your topics and think innovatively. Take this Adam Bleustein opportunity to learn as much as you can, create the best solutions Samuel Puckowitz Junior Executive Board possible, and lead your committee to a world-changing resolution. James Chang Arul Kapoor Eli Laufer Model United Nations has played a tremendous role in our George Loewenson Sajan Mehrota lives over the past three years, and we are thrilled to share this Ben Metzner activity with all of you. It has been our pleasure preparing Gustie Owens Staff HoMMUNC XXXII along with our dedicated junior and senior staff over the past six months. We hope you have an enriching Mitchell Francis Aaron Thompson and enjoyable experience at the conference. Faculty Advisors Sincerely, JENNA FREIDUS, VALERIE MAIER, AND EVAN MEGIBOW Secretaries-General Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 3 LETTER FROM THE CHAIR Jenna Freidus DEAR DELEGATES, Valerie Maier Evan Megibow Secretaries-General I am excited to welcome you to Japan’s World War II Samuel Harris Cabinet. My name is Joshua Doolan, and I will be your chair Jacqueline Lee alongside your moderator, Sajan. I’ve been a part of Radhika Mehta HoMMUNC since ninth grade, and I am thrilled to be chairing Directors-General this committee for my last HoMMUNC! Bliss Beyer Heath Bleustein Charlie Hayman I am a Horace Mann senior, and I have been on our school’s Joshua Doolan Model UN team since freshman year. I enjoy coding and science, Arianna Läufer Joanne Wang both in and out of school. I also run cross country for the Horace Jada Yang Mann team. I help teach my school’s welcome class for Senior Executive Board freshman. I love movies, tv, and Australia. James Berg Julia Hornstein Alexa Watson Middle Division Officers Sajan and I are incredibly excited about this committee. Rarely have we had the opportunity to ponder the military Shant Amerkanian Connor Morris strategy of a United States enemy. Thinking about the war from Lauren Port the other perspective, we hope, will bring new insights. We Conference Coordinators strongly recommend researching beyond this document. Any Adam Bleustein piece of information could prove unexpectedly useful. If you Samuel Puckowitz Junior Executive Board have any questions at all, reach out! James Chang Arul Kapoor See you in October! Eli Laufer JOSHUA DOOLAN George Loewenson Sajan Mehrota [email protected] Ben Metzner Chair, Emperor Hirohito’s World War II Cabinet Gustie Owens Staff Aaron Thompson Mitchell Francis Faculty Advisors Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 4 Points and Motions Point of Inquiry: A point of inquiry is COMMITTEE used to ask a question regarding the BACKGROUND AND procedure of the committee. E.g.: “What is a moderated caucus?” PROCEDURE This committee will function as Point of Personal Privilege: A point of a crisis committee, in that it will personal privilege is used when a simulate (mostly) realistic events, and delegate’s ability to participate in the your responses to these events will committee is obstructed due to a affect the course of the committee. physical reason (such as a speaker not Because of this, the committee will be being able to be heard). This point can structured and function differently also be used to ask to modify physical from a General Assembly Committee. conditions in the room. E.g.: “Would it Delegates will take the role of be possible to turn on more lights?” senior government officials of the Empire of Japan at a meeting of the Point of Order: A point of order is used Imperial General Headquarters. The when a delegate feels that either a dais will serve as Emperor Hirohito. delegate or the dais has not properly Delegates will work as a committee to followed the procedure of the advance the goals of the Empire. The committee. E.g.: “This moderated committee begins on November 26th, caucus has 10 speakers, but we only 1941, the day America demanded a heard 9. Was this intended?” Japanese withdrawal conquered territories. Time will flow at the Point of Information: A point of discretion of the dais. information is used to add or ask additional information regarding the Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 5 committee’s topic. E.g.: “What is the time during which the rules of the current situation in Manchuria?” committee are suspended. E.g.: “Motion for a five minute unmoderated Right of Reply: If a delegate feels as if caucus.” he or she has been personally offended, they may ask for a right of reply, which Motion to Introduce Documents: This will be granted at the discretion of the motion is used to have documents chair. This does not apply to offending recognized by the chair for committee the person’s character. Example of discussion. E.g.: “Motion to introduce what you can reply to: “I hate Jane’s directive ‘Protect the Emperor.’” dress” Example of what you cannot reply to: “Hirohito is a mean dictator Motion for a Question and Answer and has no right to serve.” Session: This motion is used to start a Motion for a Moderated Caucus: This question and answer session with the motion is used to introduce a sponsors of the document for a moderated caucus with a set time limit specified amount of time. E.g.: and speaking time to discuss a specific “Motion for a five minute question and topic. The majority of committee answer session on directive ‘Protect the debate will be in a moderated caucus. Emperor.’” E.g.: “Motion for a five minute moderated caucus with a thirty second Motion to Enter Voting Procedure: This speaking time to discuss the attack on motion suspends debate in order to the Philippines.” vote on introduced documents, or specific documents. Delegates may not Motion for an Unmoderated Caucus: leave the room, nor talk, nor pass This motion is used to introduce an notes, nor communicate in other forms unmoderated caucus for a set period of during voting procedures. E.g.: Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 6 “Motion to enter voting procedure on Signatories: Mitsumasa Yonai, Kōichi directive ‘Protect the Emperor.’” E.g.: Kido, Osami Nagano “Motion to enter voting procedure on 1. Launches investigations on all all introduced directives.” members on the Imperial General Headquarters to find Motion to Suspend Debate: This any disloyalty to Emperor motion is used to end a committee Hirohito. session, after which another planned 2. Banishes all members found committee session will follow (ending to be disloyal to Emperor committee before lunch). E.g.: “Motion Hirohito from the Imperial to suspend debate [for lunch].” General Headquarters. N.B: This example is just to show the Motion to Adjourn Debate: This format of a directive. Directives passed motion is to conclude the meeting of in committee should be far more the committee and all further sessions comprehensive. of the committee (permanently end committee at the end of the day). E.g.: Communiques: “Motion to adjourn debate [forever].” Communiques are used to contact Documents figures or organizations not represented Directives lay out actions to be taken by delegates in the committee. by the committee or sponsors of the E.g.: document. Communique E.g.: From: Emperor Hirohito Directive “Protect the CPC” To: Hitler Sponsor: Emperor Hirohito “The Imperial General Headquarters, on behalf of the Emperor of Japan, Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 7 kindly asks for you to send us weapons and money.” N.B.: Once again this is an example, in committee please be more comprehensive. Press Release: Press Releases release a statement by the committee or delegates in Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK; Japan Broadcasting Corporation), the state- controlled radio broadcasting company.1 E.g. Press Release By: The Imperial General Headquarters “The Emperor stands by his ally, Germany.” Horace Mann Model United Nations Conference 8 A map of the Japanese Empire: 1942 https://qph.ec.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-85f903e0c3c19e3f8ff43db560c99fb5 TOPIC A: WAR expansion worries major powers, and the United States has responded with an oil embargo.
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