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3.8.Liquors Value Chain

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3.8.Liquors Value Chain International Link and Services for Local Economic Development Agencies for a fair, human, sustainable and inclusive development \ ART GOLD ALBANIA 2 Map of competitive economic resource of the Shkodra and Vlora Regions Value chain analysis and guidelines for strategic actions Synthesis of the documents: • Survey of the resources of Shkodra”, • “Proposed strategic guidelines for LED of Shkodra”. • “Survey of the resources of Vlora”, • “Proposed strategic guidelines for LED of Vlora”. all updated to 30/11/2010. 1 1. Background 1.1 The action-research This document has been realized in the framework of support activities of ILS LEDA1 to the UNDP AGA2 Programme and to TEULEDA (Shkodra Region) and AULEDA (Vlora Region), two LEDAs2 belonging to ILS LEDA network. A phase of territorial animation based on action-research methodology has been carried out by ILS LEDA in the regions of Shkodra and Vlora, from June to November 2010. It consisted of a) meetings and focus groups, involving local socio-economic actors, which allowed detecting the main economic resources available in the region; b) local reconnaissance aimed at confirming and complementing the previous results; and c) a desk analysis, aimed at assessing the potentialities of identified resources, and detecting strategic actions for promoting sustainable socio-economic development in the region. The ILS LEDA approach for enhancing territorial sustainable and competitive development was used, where territorial competitiveness is conceived as the “capacity of evolution” of a territory, that is its capacity for durably being visible in global context, through giving adequate answers to frequent and quick changes of the latter, and without compromising its “good” peculiarities, that must be considered its main reasons of strength. This capacity is mainly based on the chances the Shkodra and Vlora goods and services have to be more attractive for consumers and purchaser in comparison with similar goods and services produced elsewhere. The participatory territorial animation identified the current and potential competitiveness factors, and the current and potential detractor elements (obstacles), with the aim of improving competitiveness through and reducing the obstacles. At this aim the action-research carried out a first phase of knowledge building, aimed at critically knowing the territory (the Survey of Resources), and a second phase of strategic elaboration (Guidelines for Strategic Actions), aimed at elaborating strategic solutions. The Survey and the Guidelines are never-ending processes, and they need to be continuously updated. This analysis shall be used as starting point and methodological reference, mainly for TEULEDA and AULEDA that have in charge the support to the regional economy. Updating Surveys and the strategic actions, as they refer to the guidelines, will improve and increase the awareness of local actors about the potentialities of their own resources, and the way for valorising them, the problems to be solved, and how to use the LEDAs’ financial and non-financial tools in a strategic way. This finally will provide Albanian government and international actors with a clear framework of needs and opportunities of Shkodra and Vlora, for implementing the most effective cooperation activities. It was not possible to assess all the current and potential value chains of the regions during the action- research. Lack of time and difficulties of arranging meetings and discussions constrained either the possibility of assessing some value chains. Nevertheless one of the aims of the work was to provide TEULEDA and AULEDA with a useful tool to monitor the state of art of the regional value chains in terms of general characteristics, competitive advantage, and obstacles, and to be able to update the strategic actions. 1.2 The strategic work on the value chains and production systems The value chain approach was used, because it maximises the valorisation of the local resources, makes the smme’s better contributing to it, and facilitates more solid jobs. 1 www.ilsleda.org 2 Local Economic Development Agencies 2 The action-research was oriented to provide a strategic assessment of the products’ competitive advantages, in order to steady and expand the market quotas on domestic and international level. At this aim each value chain was assessed through: i) description of the main competitive advantage factors ii) description of the main obstacles to the best sustainable fruition of these competitive advantages, with regard to the relational capital, the production, the market, and finally iii) definition of guidelines for strategic actions, mainly in the fields of the value chain relational capital, the production system, the products, the production processes, and the market opportunities (internal3 and external4), for providing a logical framework related to the above mentioned descriptions and development needs for orientating the elaboration and implementation of strategic action of the local actors, and mainly Teuleda and Auleda. 2. The Shkodra’s context Population Inhabitants Regions Main towns Districts (unofficial) Main towns Area (km2) density (2001) (inh./km2) Malësi and Madhe Koplik 36,770 897 41.00 Shkodra Shkodra Shkodra Shkodra 185,794 1,631 113.91 Puka Puka 34,454 1,034 33.32 AGA2 Area: 257,018 3,562 72.16 Altitude A.S.L. Coordinates 0m from 41°50’01” N from Lat (sea shore of Shkodra, Adriatic Sea) to 42°39’43” N 2,692 m from 19°16’56” E to Long (Mount Jezerca, Albanian Alps, Malësi and Madhe district) to 20°15’15” E Table 2.1.1.1 - General information about AGA2 Area of Shkodra Local partnership The following entities were involved in joining TEULEDA Local Partnership, that is already involved in the action research activity: Prefecture of Shkodra, Shkodra Regional council, University "Luigj Gurakuqi, Municipalities of Shkodra, Koplik, Puka, Fushe Arrëz, Regional Office for the Employment, Regional development Agency, Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Business Incubator of Shkodra, Syndicate confederation, Regional Dir. of Agric., food and Consumers’ Defence, Albanian foundation for Training and Development, Women Association of Shkodra, Shkodra Apicultural Association, Alba Montenegro Association, Dukagjini” Patriotic Association, “Jehona E Shkodërs” Artistic and cultural Association, “Prenkë Jacova” Musical Association, Permakultura Morphology and orography 3 Internal marketing activities are here intended as the activities related to the relations among producers of the same value chain. According to total quality rules, those relations should be considered of the “supplier – customer” kind, knowing that the satisfaction of the final user (the external costumer) depends on the satisfaction of intermediate users (the producers). 4 External marketing activities are here intended as the activities related to the relations to be induced among the subjects belonging to the value chain and the final costumers, considered as an external subject. Those relations identify in the “final product” their main element. 3 The northern side of Shkodra region is predominantly mountainous. Albanian Alps (extensions of Dinaric Alps and, more specifically, of calcareous plateau of Montenegro) take a large share of northeastern side of both Malësi and Madhe (Mount Jezerca, in so called “cursed” Mountains, is the highest peak, 2,692 m) and Shkodra districts, as good as the whole of Puka district. Layers of limestone and Dolomia stone constitute these mountains, and Karst phenomena can be found. The area corresponding to the south-western side of Malësi and Madhe and the southern side of Shkodra district is characterized by the presence of alluvial plains, extended to the shore of the Lake of Shkodra and to the seashore. State of the soil Alluvial plains are subject to seasonal precipitations, and they are rather bad drained. Therefore, they are alternatively arid or flooded (often with disastrous consequences), and the quality of their agricultural lands is rather scanty. Good agricultural lands can be found in fluvial valleys, on the hills and on the areas of average altitude between seashore and inland mountains. Close to the town of Scutari, clay fields of good quality can be found. The lack of organized and effective systems of waste management is the main cause of the existence of dumping grounds, too often burning, both in urban peripheral and in wild areas. Underground The presence of Karst phenomena is the cause of the existence of grottoes of geological and speleological interest (where stalactites and stalagmites can be seen). They have been identified both in Shkodra and Puka districts. Sea and inland waters The seashore is not so prolonged (about 15 km, in the municipality of Velipojë), and it is prevalently sandy, with beaches of good quality: they are characterized by a fair width (200 m) and good sand. The outfalls of Buna River and Velipojë Lagoon, not so far from the town of Shkodra, constitute significant interruptions of the shore line. In front of the shore, the sea bed is sandy and not deep (0 – 10 m). The quality of sea water is low, because of the pollution mainly caused by the inlet of the water of Buna River. Lagoons The Lagoon of Velipojë is located on the East of the coastal town. It lies on the ground made by fine sand of quaternary origin. Rivers, artificial basins, lakes, and glaciers The rivers flow in deep valleys, whose ground is fertile and faces are steep. Some of them are navigable, at intervals or widely. Large intervals of rivers’ shore are polluted by garbage. They are: Drin River, the longest in Albania, that merges into the Buna River close to the town of Shkodra; Buna River (41 km, widely navigable) Kir River.Shkodra Lake, the largest one in Balkan Peninsula (it has an area of 368 km2,, the 40% of whom lies in carsic terrain of southeast Dinaric Alps in Albania, while remaining 60% is situated in the south-eastern part of the Republic of Montenegro. Total shoreline of Shkodra Lake measures 168 km) Recently a team of geographers of the University of Manchester has discovered a group of perpetual glaciers in Prokletije (Malësi and Madhe district).
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