OPEN ACCESS DEVELOPMENTS IN RUSSIA AND OTHER IMPORTANT REGIONS IN THE WORLD: RESULTS OF THE DOAJ AMBASSADOR PROGRAM 2016 - 2 0 1 7
6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE: WORLD - CLASS SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATION - 2 0 1 7 A P R I L 1 8 - 2 1 , 2 0 1 7 [email protected] EDITOR - IN- C H I E F D O A J You are free to:
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Slide Concept by Cameron Neylon, who has waived all copyright and related or neighbouring rights. This slide only ccZero. Social Media Icons adapted with permission from originals by Christopher Ross. Original images are available under GPL at; Presentation overview
• Advantages and opportunities of Open Access • Quality of publishing and quality of science • infrastructure services • What is the role of the DOAJ? •The DOAJ Ambassador p r o g r a m m e • Publishing costs now versus costs for 100% open access situation • Open access policies Europe, Netherlands, Russian Federation • Citation analysis: impact factor IF • Citation analysis: open citations I4OC • Impact measurement by a l t m e t r i c s : D O R A • How DOAJ deals with questionable publishers Reasons for Open Access
OPEN ACCESS..... • ARTICLES RECEIVE MORE CITATIONS • ARTICLES ARE MORE READ • REACHES A BIGGER AUDIENCE • IS LESS PRONE TO BIAS • AVOIDS DUPLICATE STUDIES • ARTICLES CAN BE MORE EASILY CHECKED • DATA LESS PRONE TO MANIPULATION • IS BETTER FOR ADVANCING SCIENCE • LEADS TO MORE INNOVATION • LEADS TO BETTER EDUC ATION INDEXING SERVICES for quality control
• DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS ONLY • SCOPUS OPEN ACCESS & SUBSCRIPTION JOURNALS • WEB OF SCIENCE OPEN ACCESS & SUBSCRIPTION JOURNALS • NATIONAL LISTS OPEN ACCESS & SUBSCRIPTION JOURNALS Assessing the Quality of a Journal
• QUALITY OF PUBLISHING • QUALITY OF THE SCIENCE Infrastructure Services
• DOAJ • SHERPA/ROMEO • CROSSREF • ORCID • ARCHIVING : e.g. LOCKSS • PUBLON (reviewer platform) What is the DOAJ?
FREE to register and FREE to USE
The only global index of trusted, high quality, peer- https://doaj.org/ reviewed, open access journals, from all academic disciplines,curated by the community DOAJ STRUCTURE Assessing the Quality of Publishing
• DOAJ CRITERIA FOR QUALITY OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING •Principles of transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing •(DOAJ, OASPA, COPE, WAME) WHAT IS QUALITY OPEN ACCESS?
The BOAI Definition Open Access is: a publishing system where all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. Essential criteria
Copyrights • Clearly described on web site* • Recommend: author retains copyright • Recommend: no exclusive publishing rights • Recommend: no transfer of commercial rights https://doajournals.wordpress.com/2015/06/02/copyright-and-licensing-part-2/ Essential criteria
Content Licensing
• Clearly described on web site* • Recommend: • licensing terms on all articles, all versions (html, pdf, xml etc.) • embedded in article level metadata • Creative Commons licensing COPYRIGHT AND LICENCING
What is a license? • Licensing means to grant a third party (anyone else except the right holder) the right to use a copyright-protected work • A license is a permission to use a work in specific ways • Licenses can only be granted by copyright holder • Copyright holder can be author or publisher DOAJ IDRC Funded Ambassador Programme Aims of the Ambassador program
• Promote Open Access worldwide • Helping journals meet open access criteria • Organize meetings and webinars for education • Quantify status of open access in regions • Mapping the open access landscape in regions • Evaluate applications for inclusion in DOAJ • More complete access to open access journals worldwide • Provide help to researchers and institutes to recognize questionable publishers Global open access map http://www.openaccessmap.org Open access policies worldwide (government level)
• Europe: publicly funded research open access by 2020 • *China: no active government policy • *Japan: no active government policy • US : publicly funded research open access • Chili: publicly funded research open access • *South Africa: no active government policy • *North Africa: Algeria actively promoting open access • India: no active government policy • *Indonesia: plans for active promotion of open access • *Russian Federation: no active government policy
* DOAJ links with government funded organizations Open Access policy in EU
• 100 % Open Access in 2020 open data open science Open Access policy in Netherlands
All publicly funded research open access 2020 100% GOLD Open Access by 2024 Funding decisions from Dutch Research Organization ZWO (major funder) not dependent on where or how much scientists publish (2016 Directive) Universities demand and negociate fair open access agreements with major publishers
http://www.magazine-on-the-spot.nl/openaccess/ Open access policies worldwide (institutional level)
Russian Academy of Sciences, Central Economics & Mathematics Institute SOURCE: http://roarmap.eprints .org/280/
Open access repository policy Open Access policy in Russian Federation
• NEICON actively promoting Gold open access • DOAJ ambassadors helping journals to be listed in DOAJ • Most journals published by universities • 4671/6200 journals ’open access’ (2016) • 1338 journals in Cyberleninka (open access platform) • 195 journals in Elpub platform • 57/195 Elpub listed journals in DOAJ • 17 journals in SCOPUS Cost of Publishing
source: VSNU the netherlands Cost of Open AccessPublishing
• Situation is not transparant • What does a publication cost? (< €2000) • Open APC (info on basis of Freedom of Information Act)
https://treemaps.intact-project.org/ Cost of Open AccessPublishing Source: vsnu the netherlands
• ’new’ Big Deals in the Netherlands (combining cost-free open access publishing and subscription based reading of non-open access titles) AMOUNTS PAID ????? • Authors from Dutch universities can now publish Friday, December 23, 2016. Springer and Dutch universities also closeopen a 100% open access access deal for in 2017. >8000 journals without additional Springer was late 2014 the first publishercosts to conclude a contract for 100% open access with the Dutch universities. It became a great success. Journal subscription costs before 2016 NL Universities
Source: http://vsnu.nl/nl_NL/f_c_kostenpublicaties.html
€ 18 000 000 € 16 000 000 € 14 000 000 2011 € 12 000 000 2012 € 10 000 000 2013 € 8 000 000 2014 € 6 000 000 2015 € 4 000 000 € 2 000 000 € - Assessing Quality of Research
o THE BASICS: o PEER - REVIEW o CITATION ANALYSIS Problems with Peer-review
Evaluations Vary much too much Eisen JA, MacCallum CJ, Neylon C (2013) Expert Failure: Re-evaluating Research Assessment. PLoS Biol 11(10): e1001677. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.10 Fake peer 01677 review is a growing problem Solutions fro better Peer-review peer review platforms Citations & Quality of Research
o THE SCIENTIFIC QUALITY OF A JOURNAL CAN NOT BE ASSESSED BY THE AVERAGE CITATION SCORES OF ARTICLES (THE JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR JIF)
THE SCIENTIFIC QUALITY OF AN ARTICLE CANNOT BE ASSESSED BY CITATIONS ALONE highly skewed distribution of citations
eLife EMBO J. J. Informetrics 90 45 60 80 40 % citable items 50 70 35 Journal JIF 60 30 40 50 25 30 below JIF 40 20
30 15 20
Number of papers
Number of papers Number of papers 20 10 10 10 5 0 0 0 eLife 8.3 71.2% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ Number of citations Number of citations Number of citations Nature Nature Comm. PLOS Biol. 80 400 45 EMBO J. 9.6 66.9% 70 350 40 60 300 35 30 50 250 25 40 200 J. Informetrics 2.4 68.4% 20 30 150
15
Number of Numberpapers
Number of papers Number of papers 20 100 10 Nature 38.1 74.8% 10 50 5 0 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ Number of citations Number of citations Number of citations Nature Comm. 11.3 74.1% PLOS Genet. PLOS ONE Proc. R. Soc. B 200 14,000 200 180 180 12,000 160 160 140 10,000 140 PLOS Biol. 8.7 66.8% 120 120 8,000 100 100 80 6,000 80
60 60
Number of Numberpapers Number of papers 4,000 Number of papers PLOS Genet. 6.7 65.3% 40 40 2,000 20 20 0 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ PLOS ONE 3.1 72.2% Number of citations Number of citations Number of citations Science Sci. Rep. 70 1,200 Proc. R. Soc. B 4.8 65.7% 60 1,000 50 800 40 600 Science 34.7 75.5% 30
400 Number of Numberpapers 20 Number of papers
10 200 Sci. Rep. 5.2 73.2% 0 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100+ Number of citations Number of citations Table 2: Percentage of papers published Larivière et al. (2016) doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/ in 2013-2014 with number of citations 062109 below the value of the 2015 JIF. San Francisco Declaration on Research Impact
It doen’t matter where you publish or how much you publish, research assessment should not be based on journal citation analysis like JIF or number of articles published
http://www.ascb.org/dora/ What can we do with Citations?
• TRACE THE SOURCE OF DATA • MAKE RESEARCH CONNECTIONS / NETWORKS VISIBLE • FIND KEY PAPERS FOR SPECIFIC TOPICS (OPEN CITATIONS CORPUS , PART OF IS4OA) BUT: • NO CONCLUSIONS ON IMPACT FROM AVERAGE CITATION SCORES • NO CONCLUSIONS ON QUALITY FROM NUMBER OF CITATIONS
Blog.plos.org/biologue 1104029017 Initiative for Open Citations I4OC Article Level Impact Assessment not quite the same as ’Quality’
ALTMETRICS
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT CITATIONS, SOCIAL MEDIA, CONVENTIAL MEDIA (NEWSPAPERS, TV, VIDEO) How DOAJ detects questionable journals • Low publishing quality
Journal name, website, fees, peer review*, publisher, ownership, volume of articles, advertisements, prominent soliciting for editors • Low scientific quality
focus, format, self-citations, plagiarism* • Malpractice
false claims, hidden costs, spamming authors, wrong information
* most often encountered problems in Russian Federation Questionable publishers in Russian Federation
Findings of Russian DOAJ ambassadors • Low publishing quality
Journal name, website, fees, peer review*, publisher, ownership, volume of articles, advertisements, prominent soliciting for editors • Low scientific quality
focus, format, self-citations, plagiarism* • Malpractice
false claims, hidden costs, spamming authors, wrong information
* most often encountered problems in Russian Federation Questionable publishers in Russian Federation
Findings of Russian DOAJ ambassadors • Publishers may have some good journals to build reputation • problems with editorial board,plagiarism * • Malpractice fake publisher address, no peer-review
* see example: https://www.znak.com/2017-02- 03/za_chto_nauchnyy_zhurnal_iz_ekaterinburga_popal_v_novuyu_bazu_disserneta_i_teper_gr ozitsya_posadit_e” Questionable publishers in Russian Federation * http://walt.lishost.org/2015/11/ppppredatory-article- counts-an-investigation-part-1/
**Shen and Björk. BMC Medicine201513:230 Questionable Publishing Global Perspective • NOT ONLY IN OPEN ACCESS JOURNALS • Not AS HIGH AS OFTEN REPORTED
according to a study* by Walt Crawford the number questionable publishers in 2014 was about 3275 publishing about 121,000 articles and not 420,000 (Shen and Björk ** reported 8000 journals and 420,000 articles!!) *** Walt Crawford http://citesandinsights.info/civ17i1.pdf Questionable Publishing in Perspective • Proportion of low quality journals is comparable between open access and subscription publishing but it looks worse because Open Access journals are more visible
FACTS
• Not all subscription journals are in Scopus : only 10-20,000 of 100,000 (data Ulrich’s Web) • Not all open access journals are in DOAJ : only 8 -10,000 of 30,000 ***
CONCLUSION Percentage of Quality Journals is comparable Handling Questionable Publishers
QUESTIONABLE PUBLISHING IS A PROBLEM IT IS NOT A PROBLEM UNIQUE TO OPEN ACCESS IT IS MORE EXPOSED IN OPEN ACCESS
SOLUTION FOR THE PROBLEM • BETTER QUALITY BY PUBLISHING OPEN ACCESS • STANDARDIZED QUALITY CONTROL • INDEXING OF QUALITY JOURNALS • TRANSPARENCY ON CRITERIA USED • RAISING AWARENESS WITH AUTHORS ( THINKCHECKSUBMIT ) Thanks to :
Our ambassadors in Russian Federation: Olga Kirillova, Maxim Mitrofanov and Natasha Popova, all the Library Consortia, Universities and Publishers and our Sponsors for the financial support to DOAJ! Thank you for your attention! [email protected]
lars
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