Reference List

Reference list

Institutional review

This review is not exhaustive. It is intended to give the reader an oversight of agencies that are working on pesticides, particularly in relation to occupational health, and provide a brief description of the organisation, their focus and examples of relevant publications. Organisations that have an interest in the monitoring or surveillance of pesticide impacts on human health have been prioritised, as have any publications on this subject. Reference lists and database links are available separately.

Over 40 websites have been reviewed including UN organizations; convention secretariats; industry; NGOs; inter-agency fora and programmes; academic institutions; and institutions concerned with the environmental and/or human health impacts of pesticides.

Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link AAPCC The American Association of Poison 2008 Annual Report of the American AAPCC maintains the National Poison Data American Association Control Centers (AAPC) is a non- Association of Poison Control Base (NPDS). This data is used to identify of Poison Control profit, national organization founded Centers’ National Poison hazards early, focus prevention education, Centers in 1958 that represents the poison Data System (NPDS): 26th Annual guide clinical research, direct training, and 515 King Street control centers of the United States Report detect chemical/bioterrorism incidents. Suite 510 and the interests of poison http://www.aapcc.org/dnn/Portals/ AAPCC data has prompted product Alexandria, VA 22314 prevention and treatment of 0/2008annualreport.pdf reformulations, repackaging, recalls, and Main Office: 703- poisoning. bans; are used to support regulatory 894-1858 703-894- actions; and contribute to post-marketing 1858 The nation's 60 poison centers as well surveillance on newly released drugs and Main Fax: 703-683- as other poison-related organizations products 2812 are members of American Association E-Mail: of Poison Control Centers, or AAPCC. [email protected] ASP The Africa Stockpiles Programme ASP. Promoting Global Treaties. The focus of the ASP is the disposal of www.africastockpiles (ASP) is a multi-stakeholder initiative 2005. stocks of obsolete pesticides and the .net that aims to dispose of obsolete prevention of their re-accumulation. The pesticides and prevent future toxic ASP. NGO Manual. 2008. ASP website provides briefing documents http://www.fao.org/ threats, thereby protecting human http://www.pan- on the relevant conventions (Stockholm, agriculture/crops/ob health and the environment. Partners uk.org/archive/Projects/Obsolete/AS Rotterdam, Basel) as well as case study solete- in the programme include Non- Pmanual.html material and news updates on programme pesticides/africa- Governmental Organizations (NGOs), implementation. program/en/

1 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link United Nations (UN) specialized entities, international organizations The NGO Manual contains information to and the private sector. The support NGOs to participate in the Implementation Committee of the programme. It also contains information ASP, also known as ASPIC, consists of: suitable for a broader readership on CropLife International (CLI); the Food obsolete pesticides and pesticide and Agriculture Organization (FAO); management. Pestcide Action Network (PAN); WWF and the World Bank.

Basel Convention The Basel Convention on the Control A joint information kit has been The Basel Convention website contains Secretariat of the of Transboundary Movements of produced between the Basel, documents and information used by the Basel Convention Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal Rotterdam and Stockholm Parties to the Basel Convention and other (SBC) has 172 Parties and aims to protect Conventions. The kit is composed of stakeholders. A special section for the International human health and the environment information leaflets (one about each general public and other newcomers to the Environment House against the adverse effects resulting Convention), a poster and a folder. issues addressed by the Convention is also 11-13 chemin des from the generation, management, http://www.basel.int/pub/joint-info- available. Anémones, Building transboundary movements and kit/index.html D 1219 Châtelaine disposal of hazardous and other (Geneva), wastes. The Basel Convention came Switzerland into force in 1992. The Secretariat is Tel: (+41 22) 917 administered by the United Nations 8218 Environment Programme (UNEP). Fax: (+41 22) 797

3454 E-mail: [email protected] www.basel.int CCOHS The Canadian Centre for Occupational http://www.ccohs.ca/resources/ CCOHS website has a variety of free http://www.ccohs.ca Health and Safety (CCOHS) is a resources on safer use of pesticides and an Canadian federal government agency http://www.inchem.org/ extensive list of weblinks for organisations CCOHS, based in Hamilton, Ontario, which concerned with occupational health, 135 Hunter St E, serves to support the vision of particularly in North America. Hamilton, ON L8N eliminating all Canadian work-related 1M5 illnesses and injuries. IPCS INCHEM is produced through Tel: 1-800-668-4284 cooperation between the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and

2 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS).

IPCS INCHEM offers electronic access to thousands of searchable full-text documents on chemical risks and the sound management of chemicals, helping countries fulfill their commitments under UNCED's Agenda 21, Chapter 19. CDPR PISP California Department of Pesticide www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/pisp.ht The Pesticide Illness Surveillance Program Telephone: (916) Regulation Pesticide Illness m has been operating in California for over 30 445-3974 Surveillance Program (CDPR PISP) years. CalPIQ-California Pesticide Illness 1001 I Street, P.O. Preventing pesticide illness (this is a Query-retrieves the most frequently brief document describing the PISP Box 4015 requested information from DPR's Pesticide and the types of data collected.) Sacramento, CA Illness Surveillance Program (PISP) 95812 www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/pisp/br database. ochure.pdf - 2008-12-25 http://apps.cdpr.ca.g The CDPR make several publications ov/calpiq/ Community Guide to Recognizing available on their website and release and Reporting Pesticide Problems annual PISP reports that summarize the (includes an incident report form) cases identified during a calendar year. www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/dept/comgui de/commty_guide.pdf - 2008-05-24

CGIAR Consultative Group on International http://www.cgiar.org Links can be found from this site to each of SP-IPM Secretariat Agricultural Research, CGIAR, is a the 15 international agricultural research International strategic alliance of countries, SP-IPM. Health Risks And Economic centres around the world. Institute of Tropical international and regional Losses From Pesticide Residues And Agriculture, Ibadan, organizations and private foundations Mycotoxins A search function also provides papers on a Nigeria supporting 15 international http://www.spipm.cgiar.org/food- variety of subjects, including the International mailing agricultural centres that work with feed-and-environmental-safety/- prevention of pesticide residues in foods address: national agricultural research systems /asset_publisher/I4qc/content/healt and integrated pest management. IITA, Carolyn House, and civil society, mobilising h-risks-and-economic-losses-from- 26 Dingwall Road, agricultural science to reduce pesticide-residues-and- The CGIAR Systemwide Program on Croydon, CR9 3EE, poverty, foster human well-being, mycotoxins?redirect=%2Ffood-feed- Integrated Pest Management (SP-IPM) is a UK

3 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link promote agricultural growth and and-environmental-safety global partnership that fosters [email protected] protect the environment. collaborative research to: www.spipm.cgiar.org SP-IPM. 2009. IPM Research Brief 1) adapt IPM to climate change; 2) manage No. 7. Advances in Preventing and food, feed, and environmental Managing Contaminants in Foods, contaminants; and 3) improve Feeds, and the Environment agroecosystem resilience.

CLI CropLife International (CLI) is a global Crop protection stewardship CLI have various publications relating to CropLife federation representing the plant activities of the plant science industry figures, position papers and International aisbl science industry. It addresses industry - a stocktaking report relevant policy frameworks and Avenue Louise 326, international developments in the http://www.croplife.org/view_docu regulations. These are freely available on Box 35 area of crop protection (pesticides), ment.aspx?docId=3317 their website. B - 1050 Brussels agbiotechnology (GMOs) and Belgium sustainable agriculture. Tel +32 2 542 0410 Fax +32 2 542 04 19 [email protected] www.croplife.org EC The Directorate-General for the The European Commission publishes REACH is a new European Community European DG Environment Environment is one of the more than its official documents in all the EU Regulation on chemicals and their safe use Commission 40 Directorates-General and services languages (see the EUR-Lex database (EC 1907/2006). It deals with the Environment DG that make up the European on http://eur-lex.europa.eu Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and B - 1049 Brussels Commission. Commonly referred to Restriction of Chemical substances. The Belgium as DG Environment, the objective of The Europa site offers more new law entered into force on 1 June 2007. Tel: the Directorate-General is to protect, information on the Commission's 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 preserve and improve the work, including its environment In the coming decade, REACH will place the environment for present and future policy, in a variety of languages (see burden of proof on industry, which has to EUROPE DIRECT generations. http://europa.eu/pol/env/index_en. collect or generate the data necessary to mailbox htm). ensure the safe use of chemicals. This data will be publicly available through the http://ec.europa.eu/ REACH in Brief central database held at the European environment/pubs/h http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ch Chemicals Agency. ome.htm emicals/reach/pdf/2007_02_reach_i n_brief.pdf The Thematic Strategy on the sustainable use of pesticides was adopted in 2006 by New Regulation for Classification, the European Commission, together with a Labelling and Packaging of proposal for a Framework Directive on the

4 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link Substances and Mixtures (CLP sustainable use of pesticides. For the time Regulation, January 2009) being, Commission has proposed to restrict http://eur- the scope of the Framework Directive to lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ plant protection products. The intention is, .do?uri=OJ:L:2008:353:0001:1355:EN however, to include biocides in the scope :PDF as soon as possible.

Framework Directive on the Sustainable Use of Pesticides and Regulation on Authorization of Plant Protection Products http://ec.europa.eu/environment/ch emicals/pesticides.htm

Regulation concerning the Placing on the Market and Use of Biocidal Products http://ec.europa.eu/environment/bi ocides/revision.htm

EPA United States Environmental Voluntary Incident Reporting Forms The EPA Pesticide Program web site Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the and Instructions provides resources on pesticide safety, Protection Agency national agency responsible for http://www.fifra6a2.com/ chemical information, pesticide Ariel Rios Building developing and enforcing regulations registration, and legislation. 1200 Pennsylvania in line with US environmental Pesticides: Health and Safety: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides Avenue, N.W. legislation. Resources Washington, DC http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/safe 20460 ty/resource.htm Tel: (202) 272-0167

Final Report | Saliva Bio-monitoring http://www.epa.gov/ for Organophosphorus Pesticide epahome Exposures in Children 01-25-2006 http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts /index.cfm/fuseaction/display.abstra ctDetail/abstract/813/report/F

5 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link GEF Global Environment Facility, GEF, GEF. Cleaning Up GEF has a focus on persistent organic Link provides technical and financial Ridding the world of dangerous pollutants (POPs) and has supported Global Environment assistance to developing countries chemicals initiatives in relation to POPs pesticides, Facility Secretariat. and countries with economies in http://www.gefweb.org/uploadedFil including the Africa Stockpiles Programme. http://www.gefweb. transition to address global es/Publications/Cleaning-up.pdf Publications on their website include issues org/ environmental issues while such as tackling POPs and alternatives for supporting national sustainable termite control. development initiatives.

The GEF partnership includes 10 agencies. HEAL The Health and Environment Alliance http://www.env-health.org/ HEAL produce regular updates on European Info@enviro- (HEAL) is a non-governmental policy and legislation in relation to health.org organization that advocates for Pesticides and health policy updates pesticides as well related news items and stronger environmental protection in http://www.env-health.org/a/3467 campaign updates. A ‘resources and media’ Europe as a mean of protecting section of the website provides a variety of human health. Pesticides and Health Monthly E- other resources and links. News http://www.env- health.org/IMG/pdf/Pesticides_and_ Health_Enews_-_january_09.pdf ILO International Labour Organization ILO encylopaedia of Occupational The ILO conducts research and encourages 4 route des Morillons (ILO) is a specialised UN agency Safety and Health dialogue on specific economic sectors CH-1211 Genève 22 which aims to promote rights at work, http://www.ilo.org/safework/cis/WC including agriculture, plantations and other Switzerland encourage decent employment MS_113329/lang--en/index.htm rural sectors. It has numerous resources Switchboard: opportunities, enhance social available on the website, including case +41 (0) 22 799 6111 protection and strengthen dialogue in ILO Convention No. 184 on safety study material relating to pesticides. +41 (0) 22 799 6111 handling work-related issues. and health in agriculture Fax: +41 (0) 22 798 http://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en 8685 /f?p=1000:12100:0::NO::P12100_INS Website: TRUMENT_ID:312329 http://www.ilo.org E-mail: [email protected] Survey of pesticide formulation plants in Tanzania: occupational and environmental health perspectives. E.E. Lekei, J. Akhabuhaya, H. Mkalanga.

6 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link In African newsletter on occupational health and safety. (Helsinki : FIOH : International Labour Office.) Vol. 17, no. 2 (Aug. 2007) p. 50-53 http://www.ttl.fi/en/publications/el ectronic_journals/african_newsletter /african_archives/Documents/africa n_newsletter2_2007.pdf

IFCS The Intergovernmental Forum on IFCS. 2008. Acutely toxic pesticides: a The IFCS operates a forum standing http://www.who.int/ Chemical Safety (IFCS) is a forum, global guide to resources. committee on Acutely Toxic Pesticides ifcs/en/ hosted by the UN World Health Intergovernmental Forum (ATP), a designation that that has been Organisation, to promote strategies on Chemical Safety, Geneva, applied to crop protection products and partnerships in the area of Switzerland classified under the WHO’s class 1a and 1b chemicals management among http://www.who.int/entity/ifcs/doc classifications based upon acute toxicity. governments, inter-governmental uments/champions/atp_web_prel.d agencies and non-governmental oc Forum sessions are held every 2-3 years. organisations. Applying precaution in the context of IPCS INCHEM is produced through IFCS was established in 1994 in chemical safety; tools, case cooperation between the International response to a recommendation examples and selected references. Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and adopted at the United Nations http://www.who.int/ifcs/documents the Canadian Centre for Occupational Conference on Environment & /forums/forum5/precaution/en/inde Health and Safety (CCOHS). Development in 1992. x.html IPCS INCHEM offers electronic access to Occupational Safety & Health Issues thousands of searchable full-text and the Work of IFCS documents on chemical risks and the sound 2003 management of chemicals, helping Arabic [pdf 601kb] | Chinese [pdf countries fulfill their commitments under 199kb] | English [pdf 27kb] | French UNCED's Agenda 21, Chapter 19. [pdf 33kb] | Russian [pdf 260kb] | Spanish [pdf 32kb] http://www.who.int/ifcs/documents /forums/forum4/en/08w_f4_en.pdf

http://www.ifcsosh.org/

7 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link

http://www.inchem.org/

IOMC The Inter-Organization Programme This IOMC source guide for SAICM The IOMC develops documents on issues of [email protected] for the Sound Management of implementation lists materials common interest to stakeholders working Chemicals (IOMC) was established in available from IOMC organizations in chemical management. In particular, the 1995 to strengthen cooperation and on chemicals management: IOMC has issued documents of direct increase coordination in the field of National Implementation of SAICM: relevance to SAICM. Many of the chemical safety. A Guide to Resource, Guidance, and publications are available in French, Training Materials of IOMC Russian, Chinese, Arabic and Spanish. The seven participating organizations Participating Organisations (English) of the IOMC are: [pdf 324kb] • the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Developing a Capacity Assessment Nations (FAO) for the Sound Management of • the International Labour Chemicals and National SAICM Organization (ILO) Implementation (English) [pdf • the United Nations 305kb] Environment Programme This guidance document aims to (UNEP) assist countries in preparing a • the United Nations Industrial national SAICM capacity assessment. Development Organization (UNIDO) • the United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) • the World Health organization (WHO) • the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) In addition, two observer organizations are also participating in the IOMC: • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

8 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link • World Bank IPCS The International Programme on Information Products The IPCS programme on Poisoning International Chemical Safety (IPCS), established in • IPCS European Commission Prevention and Management seeks to build Programme on 1980, is a cooperative venture Evaluation of Antidotes Series capacity in countries to deal with these Chemical Safety between WHO, ILO and UNEP. • IPCS INCHEM problems. An important area of activity is (IPCS) • IPCS INTOX Databank promoting the establishment and World Health WHO is the Executing Agency of the • IPCS Poisons Information strengthening of poisons centres - work Organization IPCS, whose main roles are to Monographs carried out under the IPCS INTOX 20 Avenue Appia establish the scientific basis for safe • IPCS Treatment Guides Programme. CH-1211 Geneva 27 use of chemicals, and to strengthen • IPCS Guidelines on the Switzerland national capabilities and capacities for Prevention of Toxic Exposures A world directory of poisons centres chemical safety. • Pesticide Safety Data Sheets (YellowTox) is maintained. Other activities E-mail: include the provision of information on [email protected] chemicals, the provision of information Fax: +41 22 791 4848 IPCS International Project on the management tools, and the development Web site: Epidemiology of Human Pesticide of internationally peer-reviewed guidelines http://www.who.int/ Exposures plans to develop a range concerning the prevention and clinical ipcs/ of tools for data collection and management of poisoning. processing on human exposure to

pesticides as well as information and IPCS INCHEM, produced through training resources. Not available at cooperation between the International time of going to press. Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the Canadian Centre for Occupational http://www.who.int/ipcs/features/p Health and Safety (CCOHS), offers quick esticides/en/ and easy electronic access to thousands of searchable full-text documents on chemical risks and the sound management of chemicals. IPEN The International POPs Elimination The Body Burden Community The Community Monitoring Working Group IPEN Secretariat: Network (IPEN) is a global network of Monitoring Handbook (CMWG) is a group within IPEN that focuses [email protected] more than 700 public interest non- http://www.chemicalbodyburden.or on community monitoring and body governmental organisations working g/hb_index.htm burden testing as a campaign tool to www.ipen.org together for the elimination of support the implementation of the persistent organic pollutants Hazardous Pesticides and SAICM Stockholm Convention on Persistent A Framework for Action to Protect Organic Pollutants and help reduce Human Health and the Environment chemical trespass. The CMWG also reviews from Hazardous Pesticides body burden data to identify new POPs.

9 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link By Jack Weinberg Senior Policy Advisor The Body Burden Community Monitoring International POPs Elimination Handbook is an initiative of the CMWG and Network contains several relevant case studies, http://www.ecoaccord.org/pop/doc references and web links. /HazPesticidesGuide_R3.pdf Additional resources on the website include position papers on particular chemicals and in relation to Conferences of the Parties for the Stockholm Convention. Integrated Plant Integrated Plant Protection Center http://www.ipmnet.org/ The IPPC website has learning resources Integrated Plant Protection (IPPC) is hosted by Oregon State and references on a variety of topics Protection Center - Center (IPPC) University. Rothlein, J. and J. J. Jenkins. 2000. including a resources page entitled Oregon State ‘Pesticides: Environmental Toxicology and University Oregon Pesticide Use Reporting Risk Assessment. Recent Reports.’ 2040 Cordley Hall - System Analytical Review. Report to http://www.ipmnet.org/Pesticide_Toxicolo Corvallis, Oregon the Oregon Department of gy/Pesticide_Toxicology_Main_Page.htm 97331-4501 Agriculture, 175 p. tel: 541-737-3541 fax: 541-737-3080 Jenkins, J. J. and D. L. Sudakin. 2006. www.ipmnet.org Perchlorate Incidence in Oregon and Human Health Considerations. Report to the Oregon Department of Agriculture.

An e-mail and web-based IPM Newsletter is distributed 8 times a year http://www.ipmnet.org/IPMNews/m ain_page.html ISDE International Society of Doctors for A range of publications and links are ISDE have a clear focus on environmental [email protected] the Environment, ISDE, is an given in relation to environmental health and have published declarations on health at persistent organic environmental chemicals environmental NGO of medical http://www.isde.org/publications/ in relation to children’s health and the doctors. It is an independent, non-

10 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link governmental non-profit pharmaceutical use of lindane, for organisation. Created in1990, it has For example: example.

national and regional member UNEP, ILO, WHO. Principles organization in over 35 countries. The for Evaluating Health Risks in Executive Office of ISDE is located in Children Associated with Exposure Switzerland which coordinates to Chemicals. research, information and training http://www.who.int/ipcs/publicatio ns/ehc/ehc237.pdf activities.

What will new EU Chemicals ISDE has consultative status with Legislation Deliver for Public Health? WHO and UN ECOSOC (since 2002). http://www.ideaireland.org/reach_a rticle_Nov2007.pdf

Children’s Environmental

Health in Argentina: Evaluation of Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure in the Children of Tobacco Growers http://www.aamma.org/wp- content/uploads/2010/02/CEHInArg entinaEvaluationofOrganophosohate PesticideExposureintheChildrenOftob accoGrowers2007.pdf MCN The Migrant Clinicians Network http://www.migrantclinician.org/res MCN website has links and resources on Migrant (MCN) is a United States, not-for- ources_intro.html occupational health for agricultural workers Clinicians profit organization founded in 1984 and the diagnosis, treatment and clinical Network by clinicians working in migrant A migrant farmworker occupational effects of pesticide poisoning. It also has P.O. Box 164285 health. health reference manual for the public information materials on the safer Austin, TX 78716 diagnosis and treatment of migrant use of pesticides and links to case studies Tel: (512) 327- and seasonal farm workers. of incidents of pesticide poisoning. 2017 http://www.migrantclinician.org/too http://www.mig lsource/resource/migrant- rantclinician.org farmworker-occupational-health- reference-manual.html NTN The National Toxics Network (NTN) is NTN Pesticide Spray Drift Reporting NTN offer a range of links and information PO Box 173 a community based network of non- Form. resources on their website. Bangalow

11 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link governmental organizations working http://www.ntn.org.au/wp/wp- NSW in Australia, New Zealand and the content/uploads/2012/04/NTN- The Chemical Conventions Handbook offers 2479 South Pacific for pollution reduction, FORM-final.pdf information on five chemical conventions Tel: 02 6687 1900 protection of environmental health and their common elements with an aim to [email protected] and environmental justice for all. NTN. 2009. THE THREAT OF support the environmentally sound PESTICIDE SPRAY DRIFT. A management of toxic chemicals and Internationally, NTN has represented community information and action hazardous waste in developing countries NGOs at the OECD Chemical Joint kit .Immig, J. and countries with economies in transition. Meetings and is actively involved in http://www.ntn.org.au/wp/wp- the Intergovernmental Forum on content/uploads/2012/04/NTN- Chemical Safety (IFCS) providing an SPRAYDRIFT-A5-Lo-res.pdf Australian focal point for their INFOCAP information and capacity NTN. 2007. The Chemical building program. Conventions Handbook. http://www.ntn.org.au/cchandbook/ index.html NIOSH The National Institute for NIOSH. 2005. Pesticide related illness NIOSH and the Environmental Protection Occupational Safety and Health and injury surveillance – a how-to Agency conduct surveillance for (NIOSH) is the US federal agency guide for state-based programs. occupational pesticide-related illness and 1-800-CDC-INFO (1- responsible for conducting research National Institute for Occupational injury through the SENSOR-Pesticides 800-232-4636) and making recommendations for the Safety and Health, Cincinnati, USA. program. Outside the U.S. 513- prevention of work-related injury and DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2006- 533-8328 illness. 102 (2006) The publication entitled ‘Pesticide related Email: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pe illness and injury surveillance – a how-to [email protected] NIOSH has funded eight Agricultural sticides/ guide for state-based programs’ provides 1-888-232-6348 TTY Health and Safety information on how to develop and Centers throughout the US which State-based Pesticide Poisoning maintain surveillance programs for acute In English, en Español involve clinicians and other health Surveillance Programs and subacute health effects from pesticide specialists in the area of pesticide- http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pe exposure. The manual (which provides a 24 Hours/Day, Every related illness and injury. sticides/Statebase.html case classification scheme, severity index, Day and sample data collection forms in the Case definition, Severity Index and appendices), along with the standardised Standardized Variables variables and the SENSOR-Pesticides http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pe Incident Data Entry and Reporting (SPIDER) sticides/case.html software, are intended to simplify and streamline the surveillance system http://www.cdc.gov/ MMWR Articles development process. niosh/topics/pesticid

12 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link Articles in Peer-Reviewed Journals es/contact.html http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pe sticides/journal.html

NPIC The National Pesticide Information The websites for NPIC and NPMMP NPIC serves as a source of science-based National Pesticide Center (NPIC) is based at Oregon are linked and provide a wide range pesticide information on a wide range of Information Center and State University in the USA and is of resources, for example: pesticide-related topics, such as Oregon State cooperatively sponsored by the http://npic.orst.edu/index.es.html recognition and management of pesticide University NPMMP University and EPA. poisonings, safety information, health and 333 Weniger Hall environmental effects, referrals for Corvallis, OR 97331- The National Pesticide Medical University of Texas Health Science investigation of pesticide incidents and 6502 Monitoring Program (NPMMP) is a Center at San Antonio (UTHSCSA). emergency treatment for both humans and cooperative agreement between the Recognizing, Treating, and animals, and cleanup and disposal http://npic.orst.edu/i United States Environmental Preventing Health Risks from procedures. ndex.es.html Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Agricultural Pesticides Programs, and Oregon State D. Sudakin and L. Power Available at: University. http://oregonstate.edu/npmmp/EM PP_Pesticides.pdf E-mail: [email protected] Biomarker of Organophosphate Exposure, Effect, and Genetic Susceptibility. 2007. http://oregonstate.edu/npmmp/AC MTSudakinOPs.pdf OECD The Organisation for Economic Co- A series of guidance notes have been The Pesticide Programme helps OECD OECD operation and Development (OECD) is produced, which are freely available governments to co-operate in assessing 2, rue André Pascal an intergovernmental from the website, covering issues and reducing the risks of agricultural 75775 Paris Cedex 16 organisation in which representatives such as risk reduction and pesticides. The programme focuses on of 30 industrialised countries in North registration. “plant protection” pesticides, most notably France America, Europe and the Asia e.g. No. 14 Guidance Notes for those used in agriculture. Non-agricultural Tel.: +33 1 45 24 82 and Pacific region, as well as the Analysis and Evaluation of Chronic pesticides are dealt with under the OECD 00 European Commission, meet to co- Toxicity and Carcinogenicity Studies Biocide Programme. Fax: +33 1 45 24 85 ordinate and harmonise policies, (2002). http://www.oecd.org/env/chemicalsafetya 00 discuss issues of mutual concern, and http://www.oecd.org/LongAbstract/ ndbiosafety/agriculturalpesticidesandbioci www.oecd.org work together to respond to 0,3425,en_2649_34383_1944186_1 des/agriculturalpesticidesprogramme.htm international problems.

13 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link _1_1_1,00.html http://www.oecd.org/env/chemicalsafetya ndbiosafety/agriculturalpesticidesandbioci Also of relevance: des/biocidesprogramme.htm Activities to reduce pesticide risks in OECD and selected FAO Countries. The OECD Pesticide Risk Reduction Project 1996. was initiated in 1994 to promote pesticide Document No. OCDE/GD(96)121. risk reduction. The following webpage Organization for Economic Co- provides more information and links. operation and Development, Paris, http://www.oecd.org/env/chemicalsafetya France. ndbiosafety/agriculturalpesticidesandbioci des/pesticideriskreduction.htm Report of the OECD pesticide risk reduction steering group. The second risk reduction survey. 2006. Document No. ENV/JM/MONO(2006)14. Organization for Economic Co- operation and Development, Paris, France. OEHRU Centre for Occupational and Rother, H-A and Jacobs, R. (2008) OEHRU provide several briefing documents, www.oehru.uct.ac.za Environmental Health Research, Pesticide Health Risks For South the Southern African Pesticides Newsletter /services/services.ph University of Cape Town. African Emerging Farmers. Surplus and other resources. p Peoples Project, Cape Town, South Africa. Translated versions in OEHRU also hosts The Pesticides List University of Cape Afrikaans and Zulu. Server(‘VULA’), a means of broadcasting Town, Private Bag X3, http://www.spp.org.za/booklets/pes messages to a wide range of individuals Rondebosch 7701, ticide_booklet.pdf with interests in pesticides issues. The South Africa intention of this list is to provide an African Policy briefs based forum for information sharing (e.g., http://www.coehr.uct.ac.za/publicat news, articles, incidences), debates, and ions/pestrel.php assisting in problem solving related to pesticides. Brief 1 Reducing pesticide risks [email protected] through building capacity of African regulators Brief 2 Acute pesticide poisoning and the need for national surveillance

14 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link systems - The Case Example of Tanzania Brief 3 South-South collaboration for pesticide safety Brief 4 Pesticide Laboratory Capacity in the SADC Region - A Vital Link in Pesticide Risk Reduction Brief 5 Reducing the impact of pesticides through Community Pesticide Monitoring

Oregon The Pesticides Division regulates the Pesticide Poisoning. Investigative In 1999 the Oregon Legislature authorized Oregon Department Department of sale and use of pesticides and Guidelines. Oregon Health Division; development of the Oregon Pesticide Use of Agriculture Agriculture, fertilizers in the State of Oregon, USA. 1995. Available from: Reporting System (PURS). The 2007 report Pesticides Division Pesticides http://public.health.oregon.gov/Dise was the first to include information from a 635 Capitol Street Division asesConditions/CommunicableDisea mandatory electronic reporting of pesticide Salem, OR 97301 se/ReportingCommunicableDisease/ use statewide. The 2007 annual report also Tel: ReportingGuidelines/Documents/pes includes data from a household pesticide 503-986-4635 ticid.pdf use survey. However, due to state budget 503-986-4635 constraints, PURS has been suspended Fax: 503-986-4735 Pesticide Use Reporting System from July 2009- January 2013. http://www.oregon.g 2008 Annual Report ov/ODA/PEST/purs_i http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/PEST/ ndex.shtml docs/pdf/pursreport08web.pdf

Pesticide Use Reporting System 2007 Annual Report http://www.oregon.gov/ODA/PEST/ docs/pdf/pursreportweb2007.pdf PBC As the communications center for the The Pacific Basin Consortium for Consortium, the PBC Secretariat organizes Pacific Basin Environment and Health and coordinates newsletters, website Consortium for (previously the Pacific Basin updates, conferences, training activities Environment & Consortium on Hazardous Wastes) and research projects. Health provides a forum for discussion East-West Center, and collaboration to individuals Research Program and organizations involved in 1601 East-West Road

15 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link research and policies relating to Honolulu, Hawaii environment and health issues in 96848 the Pacific Basin. United States Fax:(808) 944-7399 Email: [email protected] g

PAHO The Pan American Health Epidemiological Surveillance System PAHO have numerous relevant references http://new.paho.org Organization (PAHO) is an for Acute Pesticide Poisoning. and resources, including case study international public health agency Epidemiological Bulletin, Vol. 22 No. material. with more than 100 years of 4, December 2001 experience in the Americas. It serves http://www.amro.who.int/English/S as the Regional Office for the HA/be_v22n4-cover.htm Americas of the World Health Organization. PAN-Asia Pacific The Pesticide Action Network Asia - CPAK module on Health - (English, Community-based Pesticide Action PAN Asia and the Pacific, or PAN-AP, is an independent, Bahasa Malaysia, Bahasa Indonesia Monitoring (CPAM) is a methodology that Pacific non-profit organisation. and Chinese versions available) was developed by PAN-AP in the 1990’s P.O. Box 1170, Warning! Pesticides are dangerous and has been adapted and tested on a pilot Penang There are also PAN centres for to your health By: S. Rengam and R. scale in several African countries in recent 10850 Malaysia Europe, North America and Africa. Quijano/ PAN AP, 1999 years . See also PAN-UK. http://www.panap.net/sites/default Tel: 604-657 0271 or /files/cpak_pesticides_dangerous_to The CPAM Resource Centre can be found 604-656 0381 Each PAN Centre is independent, _your_health.pdf on the PAN-AP website. This Resource Fax: 604-6583960 focusing on regional priorities. Centre provides: E- Health Record Cards Together, the network meets • Background information on CPAM for the mail: panap@panap. Example of self-surveillance cards common goals to tackle pesticide general public and interested CBOs/CSOs net From: CPAM Resource Centre, poisoning and contamination. new to the programme www.panap Web: www.panap.ne • CPAM materials included modules for use t at the community level http://p7953.typo3server.info/48.0. • Community Reports from CPAM activities html?&no_cache=1&tx_ttnews%5Bp and other sources ointer%5D=6&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news • Pesticides-related information materials %5D=43&tx_ttnews%5BbackPid%5D • The Asian Pesticide Database containing =53&cHash=f768881264 regulatory information of several Asian

16 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link countries

PAN-NA Pesticide Action Network promotes PAN-NA make a variety of resources Pesticide Action the elimination of highly hazardous PAN Pesticide Database website at available on their website concerning Network North Pesticide Action pesticides and offers solutions that http://www.pesticideinfo.org pesticides and their impact on health. America Network North protect people and the environment. 49 Powell St., Suite America Visit the PAN Online Pesticide In 2003, PANNA launched a new tool for 500 PAN North America is one of five Poisoning Diagnostic Tool at: the diagnosis, treatment and reporting of San Francisco, CA independent regional centers of PAN http://www.pesticideinfo.org pesticide related illness -- an online 94102 International. database with a set of search capabilities USA For PANUPS (free on-line updates) that link pesticides with both symptoms of Tel: go to: exposure and information on how and (415) 981-1771 http://www.panna.org/resources/pa where pesticides are used within the U.S. (415) 981-1771 nups Now available on the PAN Pesticide (country code 1) Database website at http://www.pesticideinfo.org [email protected]

The Pesticide Action Network Updates Service (PANUPS) is a free international news service covering the latest research and developments in pesticides, environmental health and alternatives, including research, regulatory and other policy decisions, and activism related to sustainable agriculture, human rights and food systems. PAN-UK The Pesticide Action Network (UK), or The following resources are available PAN UK has worked in collaboration with Development House PAN-UK, is an independent, non- from PAN-UK. the Secretariat of the Rotterdam 56-64 Leonard Street profit organisation. Convention and with PAN-Asia Pacific to London EC2A 4JX List of Lists adapt community-based surveillance England There are also PAN centres for A catalogue of lists of pesticides methodologies for pesticide impacts to the

Europe, North America, Asia Pacific identifying those associated with Africa context. Several reports are and Africa. Each PAN Centre is particularly harmful or available. Phone: +44 (0) 20 independent, focusing on regional environmental impacts 7065 0905 priorities. Together, the network http://www.pan- PAN UK’s Pesticides and Alternatives Fax: +44 (0) 20 meets common goals to tackle uk.org/List%20of%20Lists.html Database has links to: 7065 0907 • over 5000 articles, reports and books

17 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link pesticide poisoning and International Tools for Preventing relating to the health and Email: contamination. Local Pesticide Problems: environmental effects of pesticides, [email protected] A consolidated guide to the codes and alternatives to their use. www.pan-uk.org and conventions • 800 Pesticides News articles http://www.pan- • 700 pesticide evaluations/factsheets uk.org/archive/Projects/Poverty/con • 600 books and large reports Guide.html • 3000 scientific journal articles • A photographic database acts as an Community Based Monitoring and archive of pictures is also available. the Chemical Conventions The majority of photos come from PAN http://www.pan- UK’s work in Africa uk.org/archive/PDFs/Community%20

Based%20Monitoring.pdf PSR Physicians for Social Responsibility PSR. Pediatric Environmental Health The PSR website have several articles and PSR (PSR) is a non-profit advocacy Toolkit resources of relevance to pesticides and 1875 Connecticut organisation that is the medical and http://www.psr.org/resources/pedia health. In particular, references to Ave, NW public health voice for policies to tric-toolkit.html biomonitoring as well as a Pediatric Suite 1012 prevent nuclear war and proliferation Environmental Health Tool Kit, which is a Washington DC and to slow, stop and reverse global combination of reference and course 20009 warming and toxic degradation of the materials for health providers and health environment. It is a national education materials on preventing Tel:202.667.4260 organization (USA) of exposures to toxic chemicals and other physicians, health care professionals, substances that affect infant and child and citizens working to create a world health. www.psr.org free of nuclear weapons, global environmental pollution and gun violence.

Rotterdam The text of the Convention was Numerous guidance documents are The Resource Kit is a comprehensive source Secretariat for the Convention adopted in 1998 and the Convention available and have been compiled of information on the Rotterdam Rotterdam Secretariat (PIC) entered into force in 2004. within a larger resource kit. All such Convention intended to assist countries in Convention resources are available from the PIC the ratification process and in the Food and Agriculture website. http://www.pic.int/ implementation of the Convention. Organization of the Oversight of the implementation of Resources are available in English, Chinese, United Nations (FAO) the Rotterdam Convention is Examples include: Arabic, Russian, Spanish and French. Viale delle Terme di undertaken by the Conference of the Caracalla Parties (COP). The COP and its Guidance to Designated National http://www.pic.int/Implementation/Resou 00153 Rome

18 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link subsidiary bodies are serviced by a Authorities on the Operation of the rceKit/tabid/1064/language/en- Italy secretariat, housed in UN-FAO in Rotterdam Convention. US/Default.aspx Tel: +39 06 5705 Rome, Italy and in UNEP, Geneva, http://www.pic.int/Implementation/ 2188 Switzerland. RessourceKit/tabid/1064/language/e The Secretariat of the Rotterdam Fax: +39 06 5705 n-US/Default.aspx#GUIDANCEINFO Convention has also developed an 3224 electronic learning (e-Learning) tool with Email: [email protected] Forms and Instructions for the key the goal of providing technical training to operational elements. Designated National Authorities (DNA) and Secretariat for the http://www.pic.int/Implementation/ other interested stakeholders for the Rotterdam RessourceKit/tabid/1064/language/e implementation of the Convention. One Convention n- module covers the completion and United Nations US/Default.aspx#DOCUMENTSMPLE submission of an SHPF incident report Environment MENTATION form. Programme (UNEP) http://www.pic.int/Implementation/ELearn 11-13 Chemin des ingTool/tabid/1065/language/en- Anémones US/Default.aspx CH-1219 Châtelaine Geneva Switzerland Tel: +41 22 917 8296 Fax: +41 22 917 8082 Email: [email protected]

SAICM The Strategic Approach to Information services currently under One of the functions of the SAICM www.saicm.org International Chemicals Management development. secretariat is to provide information (SAICM) is a policy framework to clearinghouse services such as provision of promote chemical safety around the advice to countries on implementation of world. SAICM was adopted by the the Strategic Approach, referral of requests International Conference on for information to relevant sources, and Chemicals Management (ICCM) in facilitation of access to information and Dubai in 2006. expertise in support of specific national actions. This clearing-house function will be performed principally on the basis of a web-based facility currently under development. Stockholm The Stockholm Convention on Additional information is available The website gives information on the Secretariat of the Convention Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) is on planned action in relation to DDT. Convention itself, as well as programmes Stockholm Secretariat a global treaty to protect human http://chm.pops.int/Programmes/D and partnerships and some training tools

19 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link health and the environment from DT/Overview/tabid/378/language/e on POPs waste. Convention chemicals that remain intact in the n-US/Default.aspx environment for long periods, Initially 9 pesticides were listed by the United Nations become widely distributed Information on the characteristics of Stockholm Convention; aldrin, chlordane, Environment geographically and accumulate in the the newly listed (2009) chemicals are DDT, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, Programme fatty tissue of humans and wildlife. given at hexachlorobenzene, mirex, toxaphene. The International The Stockholm Convention, which http://chm.pops.int/Convention/The following were added in 2009; Environment House I was adopted in 2001 and entered into POPs/TheNewPOPs/tabid/2511/Defa chlordecone, alpha hexachlorocyclohexane, 11-13 Chemin des force 2004, requires Parties to take ult.aspx beta hexachlorocyclohexane, lindane, Anemones measures to eliminate or reduce the pentachlorobenzene. 1219 Chatelaine, release of POPs into the Geneva, Switzerland environment. The Convention is Telephone: administered by the United Nations +41 22 917 87 29 Environment Programme and based +41 22 917 87 29 in Geneva, Switzerland. Facsimile: +41 22 917 80 98 E-mail: [email protected] www.pops.int

NIOH The National Institute for Cholinesterase activity in workers NIOH have a range of references on their www.nioh.ac.za/site Occupational Health, NIOH, is South exposed to organophosphate website, but not all are available to the Ms. C. Nogueira (for Africa’s major centre for occupational pesticides at a coffee plantation. general public. NIOH Project 7 Team) health development, training, service http://www.nioh.ac.za/publications. NIOH were partners in the Work and support and research. php?main=view&item=3&pubid=431 +27(01)1-712- Health in Southern Africa (WAHSA) 6467 Programme, which focused on claudina.nogueira@n Biological monitoring for occupational safety and health, including ioh.nhls.ac.za organophosphate/carbamate pesticides issues.: Phase I of the WAHSA pesticides - the cholinesterase assay Programme has come to an end, and the (letter). funding agency Sida has withdrawn its support for a possible Phase II. http://www.nioh.ac.za/publications. php?main=view&item=3&pubid=437

Pesticide exposure and

20 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link cholinesterase levels among farm workers in the Republic of South Africa. http://www.nioh.ac.za/publications. php?main=view&item=3&pubid=401

UNEP The United Nations Environment UNEP. 2006. Sound management of UNEP’s Chemicals Branch has activities in United Nations Programme, UNEP, was established in pesticides and diagnosis and the field of pesticides, and also maintains Environment 1972 to voice environmental concerns treatment of pesticide the thematic DDT Information System and Programme (UNEP) within the United Nations system. poisonings: a resource tool. United Termiticide Information System. Nairobi, Kenya Nations Environment Programme, Tel: +254 (0) 20 762 Geneva, Switzerland. UNEP, in conjunction with the Food and 3084 http://www.chem.unep.ch/Pesticide Agriculture Organization of the United s/PesticideResourceTool/default.ht Nations (FAO), hosts the Secretariat to the Chemicals m Rotterdam Convention. programme. Geneva, United Nations The Chemical Information Exchange In 2007UNEP established an initiative to Environment Network (CIEN) promote the development of a Flexible Programme, Division http://jp1.estis.net/communities/cie Framework for addressing Major Chemical of Technology, n/ Accident’s prevention and preparedness. A Industry and UNEP expert Working Group has been Economics. DDT Information System created involving selected experts and http://www.chem.un http://www.chem.unep.ch/ddt/Defa institutions in the fields of chemical safety ep.ch/irptc/ ult.html and prevention of major industrial accidents. UNEP will pursue its work with Termiticide Information System the expert Working Group to develop more http://www.chem.unep.ch/termites supporting material for capacity building /Default.html and for promoting the approach in several developing countries contributing to the Bali Strategic Plan and SAICM. UN-FAO The Food and Agriculture Numerous guidelines are available, The International Code of Conduct on the Viale delle Terme di Organization of the United Nations relating to pesticide use, Distribution and Use of Pesticides is the Caracalla has a mandate to raise levels of management and regulation. worldwide guidance document on pesticide 00153 Rome, Italy nutrition, improve agricultural Examples include: management for all public and private Tel: (+39) 06 57051 productivity, better the lives of rural • Guidelines on developing a entities engaged in, or associated with, the Fax: (+39) 06 5705 populations and contribute to the reporting system for health and distribution and use of pesticides. 3152

21 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link growth of the world economy. environmental incidents Email: FAO- Pesticide Management is an activity resulting from exposure to Based on the framework of the Code of [email protected] carried out within the overall pesticides [2009] Conduct various guidelines are being framework of the Plant Production http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/t developed or revised in order to provide and Protection Division of FAO. emplates/agphome/documents/ direct practical guidance and assistance to Joint FAO/WHO Pests_Pesticides/Code/Incidentr the pesticide regulatory authorities and to Meeting on Pesticide eporting09.pdf other stakeholders. Residues (JMPR). • Guidelines on post-registration Food and Agriculture surveillance and other activities The Pesticide Management Group informs Organization of the in the field of pesticides [1988] subscribers on new publications, reports United http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AG and upcoming events deriving from its Nations/World PP/Pesticid/Code/Download/PO work. To enroll, contact Pesticide- Health Organization. STREG.pdf [email protected]. http://www.who.int/ • Guidelines on monitoring and foodsafety/chem/jm observance of the revised For further details, follow relevant links: pr/en/index.html# version of the Code [2006] • Food and Agriculture Organization: http://www.fao.org/fileadmin/t www.fao.org emplates/agphome/documents/ • FAO Plant Production and Protection Pests_Pesticides/Code/Monitori Division: ng.pdf http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/a gp-home/en/?no_cache=1 Also of relevance is the International • FAO IPM: Code of Conduct on the distribution http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/c and use of pesticides – Revised ore-themes/theme/pests/ipm/en/ version. Adopted by the hundred • FAO Pesticide Management: and twenty-third session of the FAO http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/c Council in November 2002. FAO, ore-themes/theme/pests/en/ Rome, Italy. • FAO Transboundary Pests and Diseases: http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crop http://www.fao.org/emergencies/what s/core- -we-do/hazard-and-emergency- themes/theme/pests/code/en/ types/transboundary-pests-and- diseases/en/ Pesticide Management Group: • International Plant Protection [email protected]. Convention: www.ippc.int • Codex Alimentarius: http://www.codexalimentarius.org/

22 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link

WFPHA The World Federation of Public Health WFPHA. 2000. Persistent Organic The WFPHA has run a project on persistent Washington Office Associations is an international, Pollutants and Human Health. organic pollutants for several years and has c/o American Public nongovernmental, multi-professional http://www.wfpha.org/tl_files/doc/ published a monograph on the subject. The Health Association and civil society organization bringing about/POPs%20WFPHA%202000.pdf website also offers links to organisations 800 I Street, NW together public health professionals involved in public health around the world. Washington, DC interested and active in safeguarding 20001 and promoting the public’s health USA through professional exchange, collaboration, and action. Geneva Office c/o Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine University of Geneva CMU 1, rue Michel Servet CH-1211 Genève 4 SWITZERLAND

http://www.wfpha.o rg/pg_contact.htm WHO WHO is the directing and coordinating Agrochemicals, health and WHOPES collects, consolidates, evaluates See also previous WHOPES authority for health within the United environment – directory of resources and disseminates information on the use of column HELI Nations system. The directory provides links to web- pesticides for public health. [email protected] accessible resources in categories of The WHO Pesticide Evaluation relevance to policy-making. HELI also makes information available on a http://www.who.int/ Scheme (WHOPES) was set up in http://www.who.int/heli/risks/toxics range of topics related to health and heli/en/ 1960. WHOPES promotes and /chemicals/en/index.html environment of interest to policy-makers. coordinates the testing and Link evaluation of pesticides for public Resources are available on a range of For reasons of space some links to regional Joint FAO/WHO health. subjects including pesticide offices / centres are provided in both this Meeting on Pesticide management; risk reduction; vector column and the next: Residues The Health and Environment Linkages resistance; risk reduction; food (JMPR).Food and Initiative (HELI) is a global effort by safety, e.g. Managing human poisonings. World Health Agriculture WHO and UNEP to support action by Organization Regional Office for South-East Organization of the developing country policymakers on WHO. Guidelines on situation Asia. United environmental threats to health. See analysis for public health pesticide http://www.searo.who.int/en/section23/se Nations/World

23 Institution About institution Resources Notes Contact / link directory of resources (next column). management ction1725.htm Health Organization. WHO/CDS/WHOPES/GCDPP/2005.12 http://www.who.int/ http://whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/2005/ Food safety: chemical risks in food. Geneva, ipcs/food/jmpr/en/ WHO_CDS_WHOPES_GCDPP_2005.1 World Health Organization. 2.pdf http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/en/

WHO. 1990. Public health impact of Occupational health. Geneva, World Health Chemical pesticides used in agriculture. Organization. safety. Manila, World http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publicatio http://www.who.int/occupational_health/ Health Organization ns/1990/9241561394.pdf en/ Regional Office for the Western Pacific. WHO. 2006. Safer access to Chemical safety. WHO. http://www.wpro.wh pesticides: community interventions. http://www.who.int/topics/chemical_safet o.int/topics/chemical http://www.who.int/mental_health/ y/en/ _safety/en/ prevention/suicide/pesticides_safer_ access.pdf Food and chemical safety. New Delhi, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia. http://www.searo.w ho.int/en/Section23/ Section1001.htm