Forest Health Through Silviculture
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Detection and Quantification of Leptographium Wageneri, The
1798 Detection and quantification of Leptographium wageneri, the cause of black-stain root disease, from bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Northern California using regular and real-time PCR Wolfgang Schweigkofler, William J. Otrosina, Sheri L. Smith, Daniel R. Cluck, Kevin Maeda, Kabir G. Peay, and Matteo Garbelotto Abstract: Black-stain root disease is a threat to conifer forests in western North America. The disease is caused by the ophiostomatoid fungus Leptographium wageneri (W.B. Kendr.) M.J. Wingf., which is associated with a number of bark beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and weevil species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). We developed a polymerase chain reac- tion test to identify and quantify fungal DNA directly from insects. Leptographium wageneri DNA was detected on 142 of 384 bark beetle samples (37%) collected in Lassen National Forest, in northeastern California, during the years 2001 and 2002. Hylastes macer (LeConte) was the bark beetle species from which Leptographium DNA was amplified most regularly (2001: 63.4%, 2002: 75.0% of samples). Lower insect–fungus association rates were found for Hylurgops porosus (LeConte), Hylurgops subcostulatus (Mannerheim), Hylastes gracilis (LeConte), Hylastes longicollis (Swaine), Dendroctonus valens (LeConte), and Ips pini (Say). The spore load per beetle ranged from 0 to over1×105 spores, with only a few beetles carrying more than1×103 spores. The technique permits the processing of a large number of samples synchronously, as required for epidemiological studies, to study infection rates in bark beetle populations and to identify potential insect vectors. Résumé : Le noircissement des racines est une maladie qui menace les forêts de l’ouest de l’Amérique du Nord. -
National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NAT
NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 10024-0018 (Oct. 1990) RECEIVED 2280 United States Department of the Interior $p National Park Service JUL - 5 I996 National Register of Historic Places Registration Form NAT. REGISTER OF HiSiQfiiCKA CFS NATIONAL PARK SERVICE This form is for use in nominating or requesting determinations for individual properties and districts. See instructions in How to Complete the National Register of Historic Places Registration Form (National Register Bulletin 16A). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the information requested. If an item does not apply to the property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functions, architectural classification, materials, and areas of significance, enter only categories and subcategories from the instructions. Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheets (NPS Form 10-900a). Use a typewriter, word processor, or computer, to complete all items. 1. Name of Property historic name Hull, Ralph, Lumber Company Mill Complex other names/site number Hull-Oakes Limber Company Mill 2. Location street & number 23837 Dawson Road N/A not for publication city or town Monroe Kl vicinity state Oregon code OR county Benton code 003 zip icode 97456 As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act, as amended, I hereby certify that this US nomination D request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property IS meets EH does not meet the National Register criteria. -
Code of Practice for Wood Processing Facilities (Sawmills & Lumberyards)
CODE OF PRACTICE FOR WOOD PROCESSING FACILITIES (SAWMILLS & LUMBERYARDS) Version 2 January 2012 Guyana Forestry Commission Table of Contents FOREWORD ................................................................................................................................................... 7 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Wood Processing................................................................................................................................. 8 1.2 Development of the Code ................................................................................................................... 9 1.3 Scope of the Code ............................................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Objectives of the Code ...................................................................................................................... 10 1.5 Implementation of the Code ............................................................................................................. 10 2.0 PRE-SAWMILLING RECOMMENDATIONS. ............................................................................................. 11 2.1 Market Requirements ....................................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 General .......................................................................................................................................... -
Guide to the Mccleary Experimental Forest
akec Mt. A GUIDE TO THE ;0-c :f !•• McCLEARY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST Me CLEARY, WASHINGTON About This File: . This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Misscans identified by the software have been corrected; ho e · \f\/ r-_ some mistakes may remain. _ ANGELES L l OLYMPIC lI NATIONAL ';I I _,J PARK ;-' ) -,_ ___ 1 __, r' "1) --· .......... 'l::> :__ :.. ... -----.. _J C') ., C') : \\\ .. I ,,,.,[/,-. i:-:;:::-=- A RY 1 '·\·,..... ' c Al FOREST C') L_/_:---/ "' 'l::> <: MAINTAINED JOINTLY BY THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST FOREST S RANGE EXPERIMENT STATION Mt. Adams PUGET SOUND RESEARCH CENTER AND THE SIMP SON LOGGING COMPANY U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE FOREST SERVICE PORTLAND, OREGON 1954 - - - (I) A GUIDE TO THE ... <I) McCLEARY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST · 3: 0 - "' (I) The McCleary Experimental Forest is a co ... operative undertaking in forest research by private·industry and the United States Forest -0 (I) Service. Here, the Simpson Logging Company and - ::1 the Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment e Station, through its Puget Sound branch, conduct 0 studies and demonstrations in management of young z ...: (I) growth forests. This is one of four experimental - -• I:: (I) forests in the Puget Sound region dedicated to ::1 u 0 improvement of management practices through coop >. >. c erative research. Under a long-term agreement, - u the Forest Service prepares the management plan, "'0 >. 0 ... 0 0 outlines experiments, and regulates cutting .... (I) schedules. The Simpson Logging Company provides -cu u I::0:2 fire protection, develops roads, and cuts and markets the products. An Advisory Committee of E c. 0 foresters actively engaged in forest management ->. -
“Can You Hear Me?” Investigating the Acoustic Communication Signals and Receptor Organs of Bark Beetles
“Can you hear me?” Investigating the acoustic communication signals and receptor organs of bark beetles by András Dobai A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science In Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2017 András Dobai Abstract Many bark beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) species have been documented to produce acoustic signals, yet our knowledge of their acoustic ecology is limited. In this thesis, three aspects of bark beetle acoustic communication were examined: the distribution of sound production in the subfamily based on the most recent literature; the characteristics of signals and the possibility of context dependent signalling using a model species: Ips pini; and the acoustic reception of bark beetles through neurophysiological studies on Dendroctonus valens. It was found that currently there are 107 species known to stridulate using a wide diversity of mechanisms for stridulation. Ips pini was shown to exhibit variation in certain chirp characteristics, including the duration and amplitude modulation, between behavioural contexts. Neurophysiological recordings were conducted on several body regions, and vibratory responses were reported in the metathoracic leg and the antennae. ii Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Jayne Yack for accepting me as Master’s student, guiding me through the past two years, and for showing endless support and giving constructive feedback on my work. I would like to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Jeff Dawson and Dr. John Lewis for their professional help and advice on my thesis. I would like to thank Sen Sivalinghem and Dr. -
Crown Pacific Fine Foods 2019 Specialty Foods
Crown Pacific Fine Foods 2019 Specialty Foods Specialty Foods | Bulk Foods | Food Service | Health & Beauty | Confections Crown Pacific Fine Foods Order by Phone, Fax or Email 8809 South 190th Street | Kent, WA 98031 P: (425) 251-8750 www.crownpacificfinefoods.com | www.cpff.net F: (425) 251-8802 | Toll-free fax: (888) 898-0525 CROWN PACIFIC FINE FOODS TERMS AND CONDITIONS Please carefully review our Terms and Conditions. By ordering SHIPPING from Crown Pacific Fine Foods (CPFF), you acknowledge For specific information about shipping charges for extreme and/or reviewing our most current Terms and Conditions. warm weather, please contact (425) 251‐8750. CREDIT POLICY DELIVERY Crown Pacific Fine Foods is happy to extend credit to our You must have someone available to receive and inspect customers with a completed, current and approved credit your order. If you do not have someone available to receive your application on file. In some instances if credit has been placed order on your scheduled delivery day, you may be subject to a on hold and/or revoked, you may be required to reapply for redelivery and/or restocking fee. credit. RETURNS & CREDITS ORDER POLICY Please inspect and count your order. No returns of any kind When placing an order, it is important to use our item number. without authorization from your sales representative. This will assure that you receive the items and brands that you want. MANUFACTURER PACK SIZE AND LABELING Crown Pacific Fine Foods makes every effort to validate To place an order please contact our Order Desk: manufacturer pack sizes as well as other items such as Phone: 425‐251‐8750 labeling and UPC’s. -
A Sawmill Or Lumber Mill Is a Facility Where Logs Are Cut Into Lumber
Sawmill - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawmill From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A sawmill or lumber mill is a facility where logs are cut into lumber. Prior to the invention of the sawmill, boards were rived (split) and planed, or more often sawn by two men with a whipsaw, one above and another in a saw pit below. The earliest known mechanical mill is the Hierapolis sawmill, a Roman water-powered stone mill at Hierapolis, Asia Minor dating back to the 3rd century AD. Other water-powered mills followed and by the 11th century they were widespread in Spain and North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia, and in the next few centuries, spread across Europe. The circular motion of the wheel was converted to a reciprocating motion at the saw blade. Generally, only the saw was powered, and the logs had to be loaded and moved by hand. An early improvement was the development of a movable carriage, also water powered, to move the log steadily through the saw blade. By the time of the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century, the circular saw blade had been invented, and with the development of steam power in the 19th century, a much greater degree of mechanisation was possible. Scrap lumber from the mill provided a source of fuel for firing An American sawmill, 1920 the boiler. The arrival of railroads meant that logs could be transported to mills rather than mills being built besides navigable waterways. By 1900, the largest sawmill in the world was operated by the Atlantic Lumber Company in Georgetown, South Carolina, using logs floated down the Pee Dee River from the Appalachian Mountains. -
Biology and Ecology of Leptographium Species and Their Vectos As Components of Loblolly Pine Decline Lori G
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2003 Biology and ecology of Leptographium species and their vectos as components of loblolly pine decline Lori G. Eckhardt Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Eckhardt, Lori G., "Biology and ecology of Leptographium species and their vectos as components of loblolly pine decline" (2003). LSU Doctoral Dissertations. 2133. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/2133 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized graduate school editor of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please [email protected]. BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF LEPTOGRAPHIUM SPECIES AND THEIR VECTORS AS COMPONENTS OF LOBLOLLY PINE DECLINE A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Plant Pathology & Crop Physiology by Lori G. Eckhardt B.S., University of Maryland, 1997 August 2003 © Copyright 2003 Lori G. Eckhardt All rights reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I gratefully acknowledge the invaluable input provided by my dissertation advisor, Dr. John P. Jones. Among many other things, he has demonstrated his patients, enthusiasm and understanding as I struggled to pursue my graduate studies. I am indebted to Dr. Marc A. Cohn, for his guidance, encouragement, support and most of all, his friendship. -
Massachusetts Sawmill Directory
Massachusetts Directory of Sawmills & Dry Kilns – 2006 David T. Damery and Curt Bellemer - University of Massachusetts, Amherst Gordon Boyce – Massachusetts Dept. of Conservation & Recreation Acknowledgments Cover and interior art courtesy of Joseph Smith. This publication made possible through a grant from the USDA Forest Service. This institution is an equal opportunity provider. Copyright 2006. 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 1 Table of Contents 2 Section 1 – Sawmill & Dry Kiln Directories Introduction 4 Sawmills Operating in Massachusetts 6 Portable Bandmills Operating in Massachusetts 17 Dry Kilns Operating in Massachusetts 20 Section 2 – Forest & Forest Products Industry Information Selected Massachusetts Forest Products Industry Statistics 25 Area by Land Use 26 Trends in Forest Land Area 26 Area of timberland by forest-type and owner, 2005 27 Area of timberland by stand-size class, 2005 28 Volume of growing stock by species group, 2005 29 Net volume of sawtimber by diameter class, 2005 30 County Map of Massachusetts 31 History of Sawmills in the Directory 32 Sawmills by County 32 Softwood & Hardwood Production by County 33 Softwood & Hardwood Production - All Mills 33 Softwood Production - All Mills 34 E. White Pine - Production Volume by County 34 Eastern Hemlock - Production Volume by County 35 Red Pine - Production Volume by County 35 Hardwood Production - All Mills 36 Red Oak - Production Volume by County 36 White Oak - Production Volume by County 37 Sugar Maple - Production Volume by County 37 Size of Mills by Roundwood -
Trees of Somalia
Trees of Somalia A Field Guide for Development Workers Desmond Mahony Oxfam Research Paper 3 Oxfam (UK and Ireland) © Oxfam (UK and Ireland) 1990 First published 1990 Revised 1991 Reprinted 1994 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library ISBN 0 85598 109 1 Published by Oxfam (UK and Ireland), 274 Banbury Road, Oxford 0X2 7DZ, UK, in conjunction with the Henry Doubleday Research Association, Ryton-on-Dunsmore, Coventry CV8 3LG, UK Typeset by DTP Solutions, Bullingdon Road, Oxford Printed on environment-friendly paper by Oxfam Print Unit This book converted to digital file in 2010 Contents Acknowledgements IV Introduction Chapter 1. Names, Climatic zones and uses 3 Chapter 2. Tree descriptions 11 Chapter 3. References 189 Chapter 4. Appendix 191 Tables Table 1. Botanical tree names 3 Table 2. Somali tree names 4 Table 3. Somali tree names with regional v< 5 Table 4. Climatic zones 7 Table 5. Trees in order of drought tolerance 8 Table 6. Tree uses 9 Figures Figure 1. Climatic zones (based on altitude a Figure 2. Somali road and settlement map Vll IV Acknowledgements The author would like to acknowledge the assistance provided by the following organisations and individuals: Oxfam UK for funding me to compile these notes; the Henry Doubleday Research Association (UK) for funding the publication costs; the UK ODA forestry personnel for their encouragement and advice; Peter Kuchar and Richard Holt of NRA CRDP of Somalia for encouragement and essential information; Dr Wickens and staff of SEPESAL at Kew Gardens for information, advice and assistance; staff at Kew Herbarium, especially Gwilym Lewis, for practical advice on drawing, and Jan Gillet for his knowledge of Kew*s Botanical Collections and Somalian flora. -
Sawmills & Other Primary Processors
SAWMILLS & OTHER PRIMARY PROCESSORS Aitkin S-1 Company Name & Address Products Equipment Production & Remarks Species Aitkin Copperhead Road Logging/Lumber Lumber(GN/AD); Band Saw; Edger; Kiln, 0 to 100 MBF Portable sawmill 54852 Great River Rd Electric; Aspen -- Birch, Paper -- Portable Custom Palisade, MN 56469 Maple, Soft -- Maple, Sawing; Retail Sales; Joe Jewett Hard -- Basswood -- (218) 845-2832 Oak, Red -- Espeseth Lumber Lumber(GN/AD); Pallet Band Saw; Edger; 0 to 100 MBF Stationary sawmill 36955 Deer St Parts; Basswood -- Oak, Red - Stationary Custom Aitkin, MN 56431 - Oak, White -- Ash, Sawing; Tim Espeseth Black -- (218) 927-3453 Hawkins Sawmill Inc. Lumber(GN/AD); Circle Saw; Band Saw; Over 3000 MBF Stationary sawmill 15132 280th Ave. Cants(for resaw); Debarker; Edger; Aspen -- Birch, Paper -- Isle, MN 56342 Railroad/Landscape Resaw; Maple, Soft -- Maple, Tom Hawkins Ties; Specialty; Hard -- Basswood -- (320) 676-8479 Oak, Red -- Oak, White [email protected] -- Ash, Green/white -- Ash, Black -- John Benson Jr Lumber(GN/AD); Circle Saw; Edger; 0 to 100 MBF Stationary sawmill 27643 Partridge Ave Cants(for resaw); Resaw; Kiln, Birch, Paper -- Stationary Custom Aitkin, MN 56431 Dehumidification; Basswood -- Oak, Red - Sawing; Custom Drying; John Benson Jr - Custom (218) 678-3031 Millwork/Paneling; John Pisarek Flooring; Paneling; Band Saw; Edger; Kiln, 0 to 100 MBF Stationary sawmill 35108 320th Street Lumber(GN/AD); Dehumidification; Birch, Paper -- Oak, Custom Drying; Aitkin, MN 56431 Lumber(KD); Red -- Oak, White -- John -
Aspects of the Ecology and Behaviour of Hylastes Ater
ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF Hylastes ater (Paykull) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) IN SECOND ROTATION Pinus radiata FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL NORTH ISLAND, New Zealand, AND OPTIONS FOR CONTROL. A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Canterbury by. Stephen David Reay University of Canterbury 2000 II Table of Contents ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 3 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SCOL YTIDAE .......................................................................................................... 3 1.2 LIFE HISTORY ...................................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 THE GENUS HYLASTES ERICHSON ......................................................................................................... 8 1.4 HYLASTES ATER (PAYKULL) ................................................................................................................ 11 1.5 HYLASTES ATER IN NEW ZEALAND ...................................................................................................... 17 1.6 THE OBJECTIVES OF TIDS RESEARCH PROJECT .................................................................................... 23 2. OBSERVATIONS ON