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The Makings of an Iconic Engine

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Jim Kroeger Director, Propulsion Engineering Honeywell Aerospace September 6, 2017 THE MAKINGS OF AN ICONIC ENGINE © 2017 Honeywell International Inc. This document and all information and expression contained herein are the property of Honeywell International Inc., and may not, in whole or in part, be used, duplicated, or disclosed for any purpose without prior written permission of Honeywell International Inc. All rights reserved. 21-16185 1 ISABE take note: Only a few of your turbine engines will be ICONIC, like me! 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 2 An Automotive Example . 1964 1/2 2018 Ford Mustang Deserves Distinction as “ICONIC” 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 3 Not So Timeless Designs… 1970 1977 Ford Pinto’s Design Flaws Labeled it a “Failure” 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 4 And my job was to design the gas tank filler tube in the Pinto You Should Aspire to MORE . 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 5 ICONIC Engine Designs . Pratt & Whitney Honeywell JT9/PW4000 T55 General Electric T56 CFM CFM56 General Electric CF6 General Electric T700 Pratt & Whitney Rolls Royce PT6 RB211/Trent Rolls Royce T63 Honeywell • In production >35 years TFE731 • Pattern of variants and upgrades • Highly regarded among users • Coveted business by parent company . Shape Aviation History 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 6 P&W JT9 (and Successor PW4000) . Boeing 747 JT9 / PW4000 T/W vs EIS • First fielded in 1969 • ~7000 units shipped • Eight applications, 42 models • 45,000 to 115,000 lb Fn . Enabled Modern Widebody Transport 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 7 GE CF6 . Douglas DC10 CF6 T/W vs EIS • First fielded in 1970 • ~6000+ units shipped • Eight applications, 41 models • 41,500 to 69,800 lb Fn Spawned LM2500 . Enabled Modern Widebody Transport 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 8 RR RB211 (and Successor Trent Family) . Lockheed L-1011 TriStar RB211/Trent T/W vs EIS • First fielded in 1972 • ~10,000+ units shipped • Eleven apps, 43 models • 37,000 to 104,000 lb Fn . Enabled Modern Widebody Transport 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 9 Avro Lycoming T55 . CH-47 Chinook T55 Power vs EIS • First fielded in 1957 • ~6200 units shipped • Two applications, 10 models • 2200 to 5000 shp Spawned Turbofan and Marine variants . Brought Helicopters Into the Turbine Engine Era 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 10 Allison T56 . C-130 Hercules T56 Power vs EIS • First fielded in 1956 • ~18,000 units shipped • Five applications, 21 models • 3400 to 5800 shp Spawned Industrial & Marine Variants . Enabled Versatile Airplanes Like the C130 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 11 GE T700 . UH-60 Blackhawk T700 EIS vs Power • First fielded in 1978 • ~20,000 units shipped • 22 applications, 32 models • 1300 to 3100 shp Spawned Turboprop and Turbofan Variants . Revolutionized Army Aviation 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 12 Allison T63 (and Successor M250) . OH-58 Kiowa Warrior T63/M250 Power vs EIS • First fielded in 1962 • ~31,000 units shipped • 170 applications, 42 models • 250 to 813 shp Spawned Turboprop Variants . .Affordability Enabled New Class of Small Helicopters 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 13 CFM International CFM56 . Boeing 737 CFM56 Thrust vs EIS • First fielded in 1979 • ~30,000 units shipped • Eight applications, 32 models • 19,500 to 34,000 lb Fn . Drove Affordable Narrowbody Transport 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 14 P&W PT6 . DeHavilland Twin Otter PT6 Power vs EIS • First fielded in 1979 • ~47,000 units shipped • 100 applications • 475 to 2300 shp Spawned Helicopter Variants . Created the General Aviation Turboprop Market 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 15 Garrett TFE731 . Dassault Falcon 900 731 Thrust vs EIS • First fielded in 1972 • ~13,000 units shipped • 76 applications • 3500 to 5000 lb Fn . Enabled Modern Business Jets 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 16 Which Factors Influence ICONIC Propensity? • Technology level at launch • Architectural superiority • First to market • Smooth development • Stable development funding source • Clear application target at time of launch • Core maturity at launch • Other aircraft design features • Operator reliability and serviceability • Willingness to invest in on-going upgrades . .Or Prevent It? 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 17 Widebody Engines: All Offered Competitive Technology Pratt & Whitney JT9/PW4000 General Electric CF6 Rolls Royce RB211/Trent Every engine competitive at time of launch. Balanced bypass ratio, weight, SFC to optimize their airplane . ICONIC Status Unachievable Otherwise 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 18 Military Engines: All Offered Superior Technology Honeywell T55 T56: superior at launch T55: no competitor at launch General Electric T56 T700: no competitor at launch General Electric T700 T63: superior at launch Rolls Royce T63 Typically, competition after launch is slim. Engine must be superior to be selected . Technology Level Critical in This Market 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 19 Small Commercial Engines . CFM CFM56 These engines, through technical superiority, enabled new markets Pratt & Whitney PT6 Honeywell TFE731 . All Were Technically Superior at Time of Launch! 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 20 Architectural Innovation Helps Differentiate. Pratt & Whitney Honeywell JT9/PW4000 T55 General Electric T56 CFM T56 CFM56 Very Small All-Axial General Electric Compressor CF6 General Electric T700 T700 PT6 Very High OPR Installation and Service Focus in Design Rolls Royce Rolls Royce Pratt & Whitney T63 PT6 RB211/Trent T63 Design Focus on RB211 Affordability TFE731 First Three Spool First Geared Fan Honeywell 60% launched with TFE731 differentiating architecture . But is Not Necessarily Required 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 21 First to Market Can’t Hurt . Honeywell Pratt & Whitney T55 JT9/PW4000 First to Market First to Market CFM General Electric CFM56 T56 General Electric CF6 General Electric First for DC10 vs L-1011, T700 First to Market But not first for B747 First to Market Pratt & Whitney PT6 Rolls Royce RB211/Trent Rolls Royce T63 First to Market Honeywell 60% were TFE731 First to Market . But Won’t Always Ensure ICONIC Status 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 22 Development Struggles . Pratt & Whitney Lycoming CFM JT9/ T55 PW4000 General Electric CFM56 General Electric T56 Pratt & Whitney General Electric CF6 T700 PT6 Rolls Royce Rolls Royce Honeywell T63 RB211/ Trent TFE731 Many ICONIC models struggled through development!! Known to Limited Known Documented be smooth public issues serious issues record . Do NOT Preclude ICONIC Status 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 23 Government Funding for Development Helps . Pratt & Whitney Lycoming CFM JT9/ T55 PW4000 General Electric CFM56 General Electric T56 Pratt & Whitney General Electric CF6 T700 PT6 Rolls Royce Rolls Royce Honeywell T63 RB211/ Trent TFE731 60% were “government funded”; later leveraged for commercial use. Competitiveness at initial selection critical! Government Underlying core developed Commercially funded with Government funding funded . But, the Engine Has to be Superior to Win! 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 24 Mature Core Technology . Honeywell Pratt & Whitney T55 JT9/PW4000 T55 CFM56 Core Lineage Core Lineage From T53 From F101 CFM T56 CFM56 Core Lineage General Electric from T38 CF6 General Electric CF6 T56 Core Lineage From TF39 General Electric T700 Pratt & Whitney PT6 Rolls Royce RB211/Trent Rolls Royce T63 RB211 TFE731 Core Lineage Core Lineage From RB203 (1967) From DC10 APU Honeywell 60% launched using core TFE731 adapted from legacy engine . Benefits the Quest for “ICONIC” Status 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover. 25 Aircraft and Engine Can Be Synergistic . Honeywell T55 T55 & Chinook JT9 & B747 CFM56 & B737 Pratt & Whitney CFM JT9/PW4000 CFM56 T56 & C130 General Electric General Electric CF6 T56 CF6 & DC10 General Electric T700 Pratt & Whitney PT6 Rolls Royce Rolls Royce RB211/Trent T63 Honeywell TFE731 The engine success helps the aircraft; The aircraft success helps the engine . In the Pursuit of ICONIC Status 21-16185 Use or disclosure of information contained on this page is subject to the restrictions on the cover.
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  • Tm-1-2840-252-23-3

    Tm-1-2840-252-23-3

    TM 1-2840-252-23-3 TECHNICAL MANUAL AVIATION UNIT AND AVIATION INTERMEDIATE MAINTENANCE MANUAL ENGINE, GAS TURBINE MODEL T55-L-714 NSN 2840-01-353-7635 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 1 DECEMBER 1994 TM 1–2840–252–23–3 CHANGE HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY NO. 1 WASHINGTON, D.C., 31 January 2003 TECHNICAL MANUAL Aviation Unit and Aviation Intermediate Maintenance Manual ENGINE, GAS TURBINE, MODEL T55–L–714 (NSN 2840–01–353–7635) OZONE DEPLETING CHEMICAL INFORMATION This document has been reviewed for the presence of class I ozone depleting chemicals. As of the basic, dated 1 December 1994, all references to Class I ozone depleting chemicals have been removed from this document by substitution with chemicals by the Engineering, Environment, and Logistics Oversight Office that do not cause atmospheric ozone depletion. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited TM 1–2840–252–23–3, 1 December 1994, is changed as follows: 1. Remove and insert pages as indicated below. New or changed text material is indicated by a vertical bar in the margin. An illustration change is indicated by a miniature pointing hand. Remove pages Insert pages – – A and B i and ii i and ii A–1 and A–2 A–1 and A–2 C–3 and C–4 C–3 and C–4 C–7 and C–8(blank) C–7 and C–8(blank) G–123 and G–124 G–123 and G–124 Index–3 and Index–4 Index–3 and Index–4 2.