molecules Review Plant-Based Gums and Mucilages Applications in Pharmacology and Nanomedicine: A Review Mohammad Sadegh Amiri 1 , Vahideh Mohammadzadeh 2, Mohammad Ehsan Taghavizadeh Yazdi 3 , Mahmood Barani 4 , Abbas Rahdar 5,* and George Z. Kyzas 6,* 1 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran 19395-4697, Iran;
[email protected] 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8954, Iran;
[email protected] 3 Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran;
[email protected] 4 Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-14111, Iran;
[email protected] 5 Department of Physics, University of Zabol, Zabol 98613-35856, Iran 6 Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece * Correspondence:
[email protected] (A.R.);
[email protected] (G.Z.K.); Tel.: +30-25-1046-2218 (G.Z.K.) Abstract: Gums are carbohydrate biomolecules that have the potential to bind water and form gels. Gums are regularly linked with proteins and minerals in their construction. Gums have several forms, such as mucilage gums, seed gums, exudate gums, etc. Plant gums are one of the most important gums because of their bioavailability. Plant-derived gums have been used by humans since ancient times for numerous applications. The main features that make them appropriate for use in different applications are high stabilization, viscosity, adhesive property, emulsification action, and surface-active activity. In many pharmaceutical formulations, plant-based gums and mucilages are Citation: Amiri, M.S.; the key ingredients due to their bioavailability, widespread accessibility, non-toxicity, and reasonable Mohammadzadeh, V.; Yazdi, M.E.T.; prices.