DOCSLIB.ORG

Universidade Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro Centro De Educação E Humanidades Instituto De Letras

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Universidade Do Estado Do Rio De Janeiro Centro De Educação E Humanidades Instituto De Letras Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Centro de Educação e Humanidades Instituto de Letras Pilar Castro Pereira Re-memory and construction of the Romani identity: a reading of The Eighth Sin, by Stefan Kanfer, and Zoli, by Colum McCann Rio de Janeiro 2010 Pilar Castro Pereira Re-memory and construction of the Romani identity: a reading of The Eighth Sin, by Stefan Kanfer, and Zoli, by Colum McCann Dissertação apresentada, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre, ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Área de concentração: Literaturas de Língua Inglesa. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Ana Lucia de Souza Henriques Rio de Janeiro 2010 CATALOGAÇÃO NA FONTE UERJ/REDE SIRIUS/CEHB K16 Pereira, Pilar Castro Re-memory and construction of the Romani identity: a reading of the Eighth Sin , by Stefan Kanfer, and Zoli, by Colum McCann / Pilar Castro Pereira. – 2010. 98 f. : il. Orientadora: Ana Lúcia de Souza Henriques. Dissertação (mestrado) – Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Letras. 1. Kanfer, Stefan. The Eighth Sin – Teses. 2. McCann, Colum, 1965 - . Zoli – Teses. 3. Ciganos – Teses. 4. Identidade social – Teses. 5. Memória coletiva – Teses. 6. Guerra Mundial, 1939 – 1945 - Ciganos – Teses. 7. Guerra Mundial, 1939 – 1945 - Atrocidades – Teses. 8. Genocídio – Teses. I. Henriques, Ana Lúcia de Souza. II. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Letras. III. Título. CDU 820:397 Autorizo, apenas para fins acadêmicos e científicos, a reprodução total ou parcial desta dissertação desde que citada a fonte __________________________ __________________ Assinatura Data Pilar Castro Pereira Re-memory and construction of the Romani identity: a reading of The Eighth Sin, by Stefan Kanfer, and Zoli, by Colum McCann Dissertação apresentada, como requisito parcial para obtenção do título de Mestre, ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Área de concentração: Literaturas de Língua Inglesa. Aprovado em 09 de dezembro de 2010. Banca examinadora: ______________________________________________ Profª. Drª. Ana Lúcia de Souza Henriques (Orientadora) Instituto de Letras da UERJ ______________________________________________ Profa. Drª. Henriqueta do Couto Prado Valladares Instituto de Letras da UERJ ______________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Anderson Soares Gomes Faculdade de Letras da UFRRJ Rio de Janeiro 2010 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my deepest feelings of love and gratitude to: God, Our Lady Mary and Sarah the Kali for life, inspiration and protection. All my family; my parents, Suely and José Pedro, my sister, Núbia and my cousin, Igor, for their unconditional love and support. My boyfriend, Marcelo, for his love, care and tons of patience with me. All my close friends, particularly Aline Almada, Barbara Neves, Sara Simões, and Silvia Rodrigues for rooting for me and for understanding my “disappearances” over the last two years. All Professors in the English Literature Master’s Program at UERJ for their availability and helpfulness, and especially my advisor, Prof. Ana Lucia de Souza Henriques, who, with a blend of kindness, generosity, patience and organization, helped me achieving my goals in this phase of my academic life and managed to keep me sane during the process. My colleagues at INPI and specially Director Terezinha Guimarães, Coordinator Deyse Macedo, future Head of department Christiano Timbó, my dear “boss” Adalberto de Souza and my “stepmother” Esperança Valente, without whom this work would never be possible. My dance friends at Sol y Luna, and specially Liane de Luna for introducing me to the Roma world and for teaching me a thing or two about dignity, perseverance and faith. My late grandparents, Ruben and Ruth, and my spiritual protectors for showing me the right path to follow. Thank you. There are crimes that must not be forgotten, victims whose suffering cries less for vengeance than for narration Paul Ricoeur RESUMO PEREIRA, Pilar Castro. Re-memory and Construction of the Romani Identity: a reading of The Eighth Sin, by Stefan Kanfer, and Zoli, by Colum McCann. 2010. 98 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Literaturas de Língua Inglesa) - Instituto de Letras, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2010. Através dos séculos, em locais e tempos distintos, o povo Romá (comumente conhecido como cigano) foi alvo de discriminações e de visões estereotipadas: tidos como ladrões e enganadores; ou como magos com poderes sobrenaturais de prever o futuro e de conjurar maldições; ou ainda como pessoas livres e sem destino, nômades em caravanas coloridas vivendo uma vida romântica fora da “civilização”. Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial estima-se que mais de 250.000 Romás1 foram assassinados em campos de concentração - fato não muito conhecido ou divulgado. A Porrajmos (a “Devoração”, denominação do Holocausto em romanês) promovida pelo regime nazista marcou profundamente a história deste povo como um dos mais tristes e cruéis episódios de todo o histórico de ódio e perseguição sofridos pelos Romás. Os romances The Eighth Sin (1978) e Zoli (2006) lidam de diferentes maneiras com este momento específico da história, oferecendo uma outra imagem dos Romás, diferente daqueles estereótipos tão comumente encontrados na literatura mundial. Assim, a intenção desta pesquisa é investigar como os protagonistas das obras indicadas foram construídos e como a herança cultural do povo cigano é descrita e transmitida por Stefan Kanfer e Colum McCann, respectivamente, com base em canções, poemas, tradições, memórias e relatos de sobreviventes que atestam a perseguição e o genocídio do povo Romá durante a Segunda Guerra. Palavras-chave: Ciganos-Romá. Identidade-memória. Holocausto-Porrajmos. 1 Fonte: http://romafacts.uni-graz.at/for-Rhistory/for-Rhist-50.htm ABSTRACT Throughout the ages, in different places, the Roma people (commonly known as gypsies) have been object of stereotyped views, either seen as thieves and masters in the art of deception; as conjurers, working in magical and mysterious ways; or as untamed free souls, leading a romantic life as nomads in colorful caravans outside the so-called “civilization”. During the II World War it is estimated that over 250.000 Roma were murdered in concentration camps – a fact that is rarely touched upon. The Porrajmos (the “Devouring”, denomination of the Holocaust in Romani) promoted by the Nazi has deeply marked the Roma history as one of the cruellest and saddest points in the history of hatred and persecution endured by this people. The novels The Eighth Sin and Zoli deal in different ways with this specific moment in world history, depicting a different image of the Roma. Therefore, it is our intention to investigate how the protagonists in both novels are constructed and how the Romani cultural heritage is portrayed and conveyed by Stefan Kanfer and Colum McCann, respectively, relying on songs, poems, traditions, memories and real life testimonies of the persecution the Roma people suffered during II World War. Keywords: Gypsy-Roma. Identity-memory. Holocaust-Porrajmos. SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 10 1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND: THE ORIGINS OF THE ROMANI DIASPORA 17 2 HISTORY, ORAL TRADITION AND MEMORY 27 2.1 The Roma: a people without history? 27 2.2 Memory and oral tradition 29 2.3 Memory and forgetting 32 2.4 Memory, forgetting and the Roma 34 3 THE STRANGER AND NATION-STATES 36 3.1 The stranger 36 3.2 The building of nation-states 37 3.3 Nation-states, ethnic groups and the stranger 39 3.4 Building of nation-states and nomadism 41 3.5 The case of Nazi Germany and the Roma 43 3.6 A nation without a state? 46 4 THE NOVELS 49 4.1 The Eighth Sin 49 4.1.1 Brief considerations on Stefan Kanfer and The Eighth Sin 49 4.1.2 Fiction in dialog with history in The Eighth Sin 50 4.1.3 Romani identity 58 4.1.4 Memory: remembrance and forgetting 63 4.2 Zoli 67 4.2.1 Brief considerations on Colum McCann and Zoli 67 4.2.2 Fiction in dialog with history in Zoli 68 4.2.3 Romani identity 73 4.2.4 Memory: remembrance and forgetting 80 5 CONCLUSION 85 REFERENCES 90 ANNEX A - Routes of Romani Diaspora 95 ANNEX B – Papusza’s photo 96 ANNEX C - Roma in concentration camps/ badges used in concentration camps 97 ANNEX D - Roma flag and anthem proposed by the 1971 World Romani Congress 98 10 INTRODUCTION The Gypsy Stereotype: Madonna was booed by thousands of fans at a concert in Romania after condemning discrimination against Gypsies. The pop star was accompanied on stage at the Bucharest park by Roma musicians and a dancer who were initially welcomed with enthusiastic applause. But the crowd turned on the singer when she paused during the two-hour show on Wednesday night to speak out against prejudice suffered by Roma people. "It has been brought to my attention...that there is a lot of discrimination against Romanies and Gypsies in general in Eastern Europe," she said. "It made me feel very sad." Boos and jeers resounded from the 60,000 strong crowd. Some applauded when she added: "We don't believe in discrimination … we believe in freedom and equal rights for everyone." But there were more boos when she mentioned discrimination against gay people.1 They are known as gypsies, ciganos, tsiganes, bohemians, athiganoi, among other names. Throughout the centuries, the Roma people2 have been the object of fascination and fear to the Western civilization. Misunderstandings and misinterpretations worked both ways since the first encounter of the gadjé3 with the “children of the wind” coming from the East, around the 14th century. The curiosity and strangeness of local populations coupled with the “uncommon” ways and habits of the Roma – a closed community based on habits of the caste system in India, with its own set of laws and language – opened a great field for constructions on the part of outsiders of what a gypsy is, does and looks like.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 'Race' and Diaspora: Romani Music Making in Ostrava, Czech Republic
    Music, ‘Race’ and Diaspora: Romani Music Making in Ostrava, Czech Republic Melissa Wynne Elliott 2005 School of Oriental and African Studies University of London PhD ProQuest Number: 10731268 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10731268 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract This thesis is a contribution towards an historically informed understanding of contemporary music making amongst Roma in Ostrava, Czech Republic. It also challenges, from a theoretical perspective, conceptions of relationships between music and discourses of ‘race’. My research is based on fieldwork conducted in Ostrava, between August 2003 and July 2004 and East Slovakia in July 2004, as well as archival research in Ostrava and Vienna. These fieldwork experiences compelled me to explore music and ideas of ‘race’ through discourses of diaspora in order to assist in conceptualising and interpreting Romani music making in Ostrava. The vast majority of Roma in Ostrava are post-World War II emigres or descendants of emigres from East Slovakia. In contemporary Ostrava, most Roma live on the socio­ economic margins and are most often regarded as a separate ‘race’ with a separate culture from the dominant population.
    [Show full text]
  • The Movement of Roma from New EU Member States
    1 Mapping Survey of A2 and A8 Roma in England The movement of Roma from new EU Member States: A mapping survey of A2 and A8 Roma in England Patterns of settlement and current situation of the new Roma communities PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com 2 Mapping Survey of A2 and A8 Roma in England The movement of Roma from new EU Member States: A mapping survey of A2 and A8 Roma in England Patterns of settlement and current situation of new Roma communities in England A report prepared for DCSF European Dialogue August 2009 PDF created with pdfFactory trial version www.pdffactory.com 3 Mapping Survey of A2 and A8 Roma in England Contents Acknowledgements About European Dialogue Executive Summary 6 1. Foreword 12 2. Introduction 14 3. Methodology 16 4. Social and political background 19 4.1 The context of the movement of Roma to England 19 4.2 Push and pull factors of the movement of Roma to England 21 4.3 Employment restrictions imposed on A2 and A8 Roma 23 4.3.1 A8 citizens: Worker Registration Scheme (WRS) 23 4.3.2 A2 citizens: Types of work permits issued 23 4.3.2.1 The Seasonal Agricultural Workers Scheme (SAWS) 25 4.3.3 Political controversy surrounding the Worker Registration Scheme (WRS) 26 5. Legal background 27 5.1 The Race Relations (Amendment) Act 27 5.2 Domestic legislation regulating employment agencies 28 5.3 EU legislation governing freedom of movement and non-discrimination 29 5.4 Transposition of Directive 2004/38/EC 30 6.
    [Show full text]
  • ´Operation: Last Chance´: Dilemmas of Justice and Lessons for International Criminal Tribunals
    ´Operation: Last Chance´: Dilemmas of Justice and Lessons for International Criminal Tribunals This is an extended version of the blog post that has been published on the OUP blog. By Sergey Vasiliev* In late July 2013, The Guardian reported that the Simon Wiesenthal Centre had launched a poster campaign in three German cities—Berlin, Hamburg, and Cologne—requesting the public to assist in identifying and bringing to justice the last surviving alleged perpetrators of crimes of the Nazi regime. No less than two thousand posters were hung in the streets, featuring an authentic sinister black-and-white image of the most horrific dead-end the modern-era humankind has seen: the snow-covered rail tracks approaching the gate of the Auschwitz II-Birkenau extermination camp. The inscription underneath the photo reads, in German: ‘Late but not too late. Millions of innocents were murdered by Nazi war criminals. Some of the perpetrators are free and alive! Help us take them to court.’ A monetary reward of up to €25,000 is promised for valuable information leading to indictment (€5,000), conviction (€5,000), and detention for the period up to 150 days (with a tariff of €100 per day). The poster appeal implements the Centre’s initiative ‘Operation: Last Chance II’, the sequel to the campaign which kicked off in Germany in 2005 and, a few years earlier, in Austria, Baltic countries, and * Many thanks to Alexandra Popova, Elies van Sliedregt, Elinor Fry, Klaas Rozemond, and Harmen van der Wilt for their comments on a previous draft. Any errors are, of course, solely mine.
    [Show full text]
  • Surpass Shelf List
    Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost 1001502 Daily prayer book = : Ha-Siddur $0.00 ha-shalem / translated and annotated with an introduction by Philip Birnbaum. 1000691 Documents on the Holocaust : $0.00 selected sources on the destruction of the Jews of Germany and Austria, Poland, and the Soviet Union / edited by Yitzhak Arad, Yisrael Gutman, Abraham Margaliot. 1001830 Explaining death to children / $0.00 Edited by Earl A. Grollman. 1003811 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1003812 In the tradition : an anthology $0.00 of young Black writers / edited by Kevin Powell and Ras Baraka. 1002040 Jewish art and civilization / $0.00 editor-in-chief: Geoffrey Wigoder. 1001839 The Jews / edited by Louis $0.00 Finkelstein. 56 The last butterfly $0.00 [videorecording] / Boudjemaa Dahmane et Jacques Methe presentent ; Cinema et Communication and Film Studio Barrandov with Filmexport Czechoslovakia in association with HTV International Ltd. ; [The Blum Group and Action Media Group 41 The magician of Lublin $0.00 [videorecording] / Cannon Video. 1001486 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1001487 My people's Passover Haggadah : $0.00 traditional texts, modern commentaries / edited by Lawrence A. Hoffman and David Arnow. 1003430 The Prophets (Nevi'im) : a new $0.00 trans. of the Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic text. Second section. 1001506 Seder K'riat Hatorah (the Torah $0.00 12/11/2019 Surpass Page 1 Beth Sholom B'Nai Israel Shelf List Barcode Call Author Title Cost service) / edited by Lawrence A.
    [Show full text]
  • Romani Society and Culture
    Romani society and culture From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Roma society and culture) Jump to: navigation, search 1552 woodcut of A Gipsy Family The culture of the Romani people is rich and various because of peculiar properties of Romani history. In spite of big variety of Romani culture all the Romani peoples have similar values system and world perception. Contents [hide] · 1 Indian heritage · 2 Moral values o 2.1 Being a part of Romani society o 2.2 Family and life stages o 2.3 Profession o 2.4 Faith o 2.5 Philosophical terms that are important for Romani culture § 2.5.1 Romanipe § 2.5.2 Gadjee · 3 Romani Code · 4 Romani names · 5 Traditional culture o 5.1 Folklore o 5.2 Romano costume o 5.3 Romano home o 5.4 Romani cuisine o 5.5 Etiquette · 6 Romani dance · 7 Romani music o 7.1 Roma in classical music o 7.2 Other music · 8 Theatre, circus and cinema · 9 Romani literature · 10 Romanies in fine arts · 11 Romane mass-media · 12 Relations with other peoples o 12.1 Roma in Eastern Europe [edit] Indian heritage Linguistical and cultural researches shows that ancestors of Romani people lived in Northern part of India. It seems that genetical researches confirm that. Romani ancestors belonged to a Dom caste. They used a language which had come from Sanskrit and was related to modern Hindustani. Their traditional occupation was singing, dancing, music, smith's and jeweller's arts. There is some heritage of Indian ancestors in modern Romani culture.
    [Show full text]
  • Author's Note for the Huntress by Kate Quinn
    Author’s Note for The Huntress By Kate Quinn The Soviet Union was the only nation involved in the Second World War to put women in the sky as fighter and bomber pilots. Primarily women in their late teens and early twenties, they were products of the Soviet aviation drive of the 1930s, and they were championed by Marina Raskova, the Amelia Earhart of the USSR, who unabashedly used Stalin’s favor to get three all- female regiments funded and trained. The day bombers and the fighter pilots (among the latter, Lilia Litviak, seen in cameo at the Engels training camp, was killed in an aerial dogfight during the war, but became history’s first female ace) eventually integrated with male personnel. The night bombers remained all-female throughout their entire term of service and were fiercely proud of this fact. The ladies of the Forty-Sixth “Taman” Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment went to war in the outdated Polikarpov U-2, an open-cockpit cloth-and-plywood biplane, achingly slow and highly flammable, built without radio, parachute, or brakes. (It was redesignated the Po-2 after 1943; I was unable to pinpoint an exact date for the change, and so continued to use the term U-2 for clarity.) The women flew winter and summer, anywhere from five to eighteen runs per night, relying on stimulants that destroyed their ability to rest once off-duty. They flew continuously under these conditions for three years, surviving on catnaps and camaraderie, developing the conveyor belt land-and-refuel routine that gave them a far more efficient record than comparable night bomber regiments.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inquiry Into Contemporary Australian Extreme Right
    THE OTHER RADICALISM: AN INQUIRY INTO CONTEMPORARY AUSTRALIAN EXTREME RIGHT IDEOLOGY, POLITICS AND ORGANIZATION 1975-1995 JAMES SALEAM A Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor Of Philosophy Department Of Government And Public Administration University of Sydney Australia December 1999 INTRODUCTION Nothing, except being understood by intelligent people, gives greater pleasure, than being misunderstood by blunderheads. Georges Sorel. _______________________ This Thesis was conceived under singular circumstances. The author was in custody, convicted of offences arising from a 1989 shotgun attack upon the home of Eddie Funde, Representative to Australia of the African National Congress. On October 6 1994, I appeared for Sentence on another charge in the District Court at Parramatta. I had been convicted of participation in an unsuccessful attempt to damage a vehicle belonging to a neo-nazi informer. My Thesis -proposal was tendered as evidence of my prospects for rehabilitation and I was cross-examined about that document. The Judge (whose Sentence was inconsequential) said: … Mr Saleam said in evidence that his doctorate [sic] of philosophy will engage his attention for the foreseeable future; that he has no intention of using these exertions to incite violence.1 I pondered how it was possible to use a Thesis to incite violence. This exercise in courtroom dialectics suggested that my thoughts, a product of my experiences in right-wing politics, were considered acts of subversion. I concluded that the Extreme Right was ‘The Other Radicalism’, understood by State agents as odorous as yesteryear’s Communist Party. My interest in Extreme Right politics derived from a quarter-century involvement therein, at different levels of participation.
    [Show full text]
  • Mass Murder on a Local Scale: Buczacz, East Galicia, 1941-44
    Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Gilder Lehrman Center International Conference at Yale University Repairing the Past: Confronting the Legacies of Slavery, Genocide, & Caste October 27-29, 2005 Yale University New Haven, Connecticut Guilt and Accountability in the Postwar Courtroom: The Holocaust in Czortków and Buczacz, East Galicia, As Seen in West German Legal Discourse Omer Bartov, Brown University Available online at www.yale.edu/glc/justice/bartov.pdf © Do not cite without the author’s permission THE LAW In the late 1950s and 1960s a series of trials of former Nazi perpetrators took place in the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). The best known and most influential was the Frankfurt Auschwitz Trial of 1963-65. That trial in particular helped establish in the FRG a certain view of the Holocaust, the perpetrators, and the nature of guilt and accountability in the context of a state-ordered genocide. But the Auschwitz Trial was concerned with the torture and murder of inmates in a concentration and extermination camp.1 Other trials during the same period focused on the destruction of Jewish communities in Eastern Europe, many of whose members were murdered in mass shootings in or in very close proximity to their own towns, while others were transported to extermination camps. The perpetrators of such local killing operations were SS-men, members of various police agencies, and non-German collaborators. These men, as well as some women, often gained an intimate knowledge of the communities to which they were posted before annihilating them. They were far less constrained by a rigid system of supervision and control, and thus had much greater opportunity for personal initiative, than the personnel in the camps.
    [Show full text]
  • Botz: Aufarbeitung Nationalsozialismus
    www.doew.at – Dokumentationsarchiv des österreichischen Widerstandes (Hrsg.), Forschungen zum Natio- nalsozialismus und dessen Nachwirkungen in Österreich. Festschrift für Brigitte Bailer, Wien 2012 169 Gerhard Botz Simon Wiesenthals Beitrag zur Aufarbeitung der Geschichte des österreichischen Nationalsozialismus Sein (fast) vergessenes „Memorandum“ zur „Beteiligung von Österreichern an Nazi-Verbrechen“ und die „österreichische Täter-These“ Anlässlich seines Todes im Jahre 2005 wurde Simon Wiesenthal, wie seit den 1970er Jahren international und später auch in Österreich üblich, als großer politischer Aufklärer über den Nationalsozialismus, erfolgreicher Rechercheur nach NS-Verbrechern und unentwegter Kämpfer für Recht und Gerechtigkeit ge- würdigt.1 Solche Würdigungen waren jedoch bis zur Gründung des nach ihm benannten Instituts für Holocaust-Studien in Wien, das ähnlichen Institutionen im Ausland folgte, einseitig; denn sie waren blind für die andere bedeutende Di- mension der Persönlichkeit Simon Wiesenthals, nämlich seine wichtige, bisher noch nicht voll gewürdigte Bedeutung als Historiker von Österreichs NS-Ver- gangenheit. 1 Dies ist eine durch Fußnoten ergänzte, um das Kapitel „Die Gültigkeit der ‚öster- reichischen Täter-These‘“ erweiterte und aktualisierte Version eines unveröffent- lichten Manuskripts, das aus meinem Vortrag bei der wissenschaftlichen Tagung des DÖW aus Anlass des 90. Geburtsages von Simon Wiesenthal am 2. und 3. 12. 1998 in Wien hervorgegangen ist. Es wurde bei der 29. Konferenz der German Studies Association
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Annual Scholars Conferences by Franklin H. Littell, 12/1/01
    A Review of the Annual Scholars Conferences by Franklin H. Littell, 12/1/01 [Several colleagues have asked me for the story of what has been known for years as "the Annual Scholars' Conference on the Holocaust and the Churches." What follows is based on my records and generally identifies repeaters only on their first appearance. (Some in the core group present or preside every year.) When we started, and for two decades, the ASC was "the only game in town;" it was held during the spring semester. During 2000, however, there were more than 30 Holocaust conferences issuing calls for papers in the USA alone. Unlike our conference of academics and churchmen, some were very well financed and almost all were centered in the Holocaust as a purely Jewish event. The fundamental error in this monologue lies not in emphasizing the uniqueness of the SHOAH, which they also frequently fail to do, but in ignoring the implications of the Holocaust for contemporary Christianity.] The beginnings of my public work on the Holocaust and the Kirchenkampf are found in the period when I was a Religious Affairs officer in the American occupation of Germany after World War II. I lectured widely on these topics, as also on the problem of antisemitism, and wrote many occasional items for journals and newspapers in Germany and the United States. Three published scholarly papers are worth noting, for they were important in enlisting colleagues and locating future participants in what became the series of Annual Scholars' Conferences*. The idea of an American initiative in the study of the Church Struggle with Nazism came to me in August of 1959.
    [Show full text]
  • Roma Population FULL BOOK 2.Pdf
    ROMA POPULATION ON THE PERIPHERIES OF THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES Integration Issues and Possible Solutions 1 ROMA POPULATION ON THE PERIPHERIES OF THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES Integration Issues and Possible Solutions Edited by: János PÉNZES and Zsolt RADICS The project was financed and supported by the Standard Grant (no. 21120080) of the International Visegrad Fund. Debrecen, 2012 2 Project partners: Jagiellonian J. E. Purkinje University of Presov University University University University in Presov of Miskolc of Debrecen in Krakow in Usti nad Labem (Slovakia) (Hungary) (Hungary) (Poland) (Czech Republic) Edited by: János PÉNZES and Zsolt RADICS Lectored by: Gábor KOZMA and Csaba PATKÓS Technical Editor: Erzsébet ERDELICSNÉ VIRÁGOS ISBN 978-615-5212-10-9 Kiadta a DIDAKT Kft., Debrecen Felelős kiadó: a DIDAKT Kft. ügyvezetője Nyomdai munkák: Center-Print Kft., Debrecen 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD János PÉNZES – Zsolt RADICS INTEGRATION ISSUES……………………………………………….7 Maria SOJA – Andrzej ZBOROWSKI: Selected aspects of social situation and living conditions of Roma in Poland……………………………………………………………………………..8 Darina POSOVA: Residential segregation: the case studies of spatial segregation of Roma population in the Czech Republic…………………………………….20 Ildikó PETŐ: Being in Voluntary Segregation: Gypsies on the Way to the Secondary School Leaving Examination………………………………..27 Attila PAPP Z.: The results of competency tests in relation with the proportion of roma students in Hungary……………………………………………………..40 István Zoltán PÁSZTOR – János PÉNZES: Employment crisis
    [Show full text]
  • Adolf Eichmann*
    Magdalena • Clío América • Universidad del Magdalena • Clío América • Universidad del del Magdalena • Clío América Christian Cwik The other immigration to Argentina: The case of Adolf Eichmann* La otra inmigración a Argentina: El caso de Adolf Eichmann Christian Cwik Resumen: Adolf Eichmann llegó a la Argentina como otros 500 Nazis forajidos a través de una red de traficantes ilegales de migrantes entre 1945 y 1955. Esta red fue el resuldado del interés de la República de Argentina, la Cruz Roja, la Caritas y el Vaticano por un lado y por el otro los delincuentes. Eichmann la cara de la ‘banalidad del mal’, como Hannah Arendt escribió en su libro “Eichmann en Jerusalén: un estudio sobre la banalidad del mal” (2ª. edición, traducción de Carlos Ribalta, Barcelona, Lumen, 1999) tuvo bastantes problemas para integrarse en la sociedad Palabras Clave: Adolf argentina y por ende, fracasó. Adolf Eichmann nacido en 1906 en Eichmann - Holocausto - Solingen/Alemania personificó un caractér típico de la sociedad Tráfico Ilegal de Migrantes en la posguerra austriaca-alemana, lo que hizo que fracasara en - Inmigración en su vida laboral varias veces durante los veintes y los inicios de Argentina - Peronismo - los treinta del siglo XX. Tribunales Internacionales. Abstract: Adolf Eichmann arrived to Argentina along with other 500 runaway Nazis thorugh a smuggling network between 1945 and 1955. This network was the result of the interest shown by the The Republic of Argentina, the Red Cross, Caritas and the Keywords:Adolf Eichmann Vatican in one hand; in the other, the criminals of war. Eichmann, - Holocaust - Nazi the face of Hanna Arendt’s t “Banality of Evil” had numerous Criminals - Trafficking troubles to integrate to argentinian society, failing as a result.
    [Show full text]