April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9595 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-.Tuesday, April 30, 1991 The House met at 12 noon. around; the person to your left, the minute and to revise and extend his re­ The Chaplain, Rev. James David person to your right, they may very marks.) Ford, D.D., offered the following pray­ significantly be out of work in the very Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, during the er: near future. And remember, the person last Presidential campaign, there was a Gracious God, may we not express next to you is looking at you. refrain of "Where's George?" asking the attitudes of our hearts and minds And what is the answer of this ad­ where then-Vice President Bush was on only in words or speech, but in deeds ministration to this problem? Nothing. a variety of issues. and in truth. May our feelings of faith Where is the legislation to take care of Unfortunately for the country, that and hope and love find fulfillment in all those unemployed who have lost refrain rings very true today. charity and caring and in the deeds of their jobs where there is no unemploy­ Our President, George Bush, loved justice. Teach us always, 0 God, not ment compensation? There is not any. foreign policy and handled the Persian only to sing and say the words of What is the answer of this adminis­ Gulf situation well, but our President praise, but to be vigorous in our deeds tration to the problem of the recession is nowhere. to be found when it comes of mercy and kindness. In Your name, that we are in? Cut Medicare, cut stu­ to the domestic economy. we pray. Amen. dent loans, that is the answer. No an­ Unemployment is climbing, banks swer at all. are failing, the country is in a reces­ It is time to stand up for America sion and our President, who is our do­ THE JOURNAL and working Americans, and this ad­ mestic Commander in Chief as well as The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam­ ministration is not. And it is time we our foreign policy Commander in Chief, ined the Journal of the last day's pro­ got some answers from the President. has no program at all to meet this cri­ ceedings and announces to the House sis. his approval thereof. Indeed, where is George? You can see Pursuant to clause l, rule I, the Jour­ NEGOTIATIONS OVER CIVIL from this chart, Mr. Speaker, that we nal stands approved. RIGHTS BILL have had two successive quarters with a decline in the GNP. Those are in red. (Mr. GUNDERSON asked and was When those lines appear in red, that PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE given permission to address the House means working Americans are out of for 1 minute and to revise and extend The SPEAKER. The gentleman from work, have lost their jobs. his remarks.) Mr. Speaker, the President does an Florida (Mr. SMITH) will please come Mr. GUNDERSON. Mr. Speaker, last forward and lead the House in the excellent job on handling foreign pol­ week a number of speeches were given icy, but he is absent without leave Pledge of Allegiance. on this House floor critical of the fact Mr. SMITH of Florida led the Pledge when it comes to solving the pressing that the so-called negotiations over the domestic economic problems facing the of Allegiance as follows: civil rights bill had been terminated. I I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the country. have to ask you to think about that. Is It is time for the Commander in Chief United States of America, and to the Repub­ that what this government has deterio­ lic for which it stands, one nation under God, to come home. It is time for some lead­ indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. rated to? ership. George Bush is in charge of this The two interest groups can self-ap­ Nation. Come home, George. We need point their organizations to go intone­ you. ECONOMIC INDICATORS gotiations, and if those two interest groups reach a common ground, they (Mr. SMITH of Florida asked and was ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER can somehow order and impose that so- PRO TEMPORE given permission to address the House 1ution on the Congress of the United for 1 minute and to revise and extend States and the President? There was The SPEAKER pro tempo re (Mr. his remarks.) not one elected official, not one Mem­ MCNULTY). Members are reminded to Mr. SMITH of Florida. Mr. Speaker, ber of Congress, not one Senator, not address their comments to the Chair. today as the country continues in the one person from the administration in­ recession, we anticipate by tomorrow volved in those negotiations. and by Friday two further pieces of bad REPUBLICAN RESEARCH COMMIT­ I would suggest if we are serious TEE ADDRESSES TRADE ISSUE news. about negotiations, we get the elected Tomorrow, the unemployment statis­ officials of this Congress on a biparti­ (Mr. HUNTER asked and was given tics are going to be released for last san basis to sit down and begin nego­ permission to address the House for 1 month. More than likely they will tiating. In the absence of that, the vic­ minute and to revise and extend his re­ show a further loss of jobs for Ameri­ tims will be the victims of no civil marks.) cans and the unemployment rate com­ rights legislation, the minorities of Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, first, the ing close, if not on, 7 percent, which America. previous speaker has a chart over here has not happened since back in the This President is very likely going to that shows a number of lines, and I mideighties under Reagan. be reelected and, therefore, we are would just remind my colleagues who By Friday we shall get the Leading going to have him for 5 more years. Do are watching that all those blue lines Economic Indicator figures, which by you want to wait 5 years to enact bi­ reflect some 16 quarters of economic all indications are going to be down, partisan civil rights policy? I hope not. growth. I do not want it to be mis­ once again paving the way for further construed as representing a decline in Americans to lose their jobs. the gross national product. A full 15 percent of those eligible to Mr. Speaker, I think it is fair to ask work in this country have lost their WHERE'S GEORGE? the question today on the Republican jobs or are in 'fear. Those . of you that (Mr. FROST asked and was given per­ side of the aisle as well as the Demo­ can hear me, if you are in a crowd, look mission to address the House for 1 crat side of the aisle: Is free trade real-

DThis symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 9596 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 ly the conservative position? We are Mr. PETRI. Mr. Speaker, nothing is amendment to our Constitution will engaged now in a series of debates that more important to America's future occur next week. It is time that we ex­ will be hosted by the Republican Re­ than the education of our young peo­ amine the facts. It is time to put aside search Committee, in which we have ple. That's why it's so important for us emotion and perception, and just look excellent participants, and tomorrow to find affordable ways to make it pos­ at the facts. Because, thus far, the only between 11:30 and 12:30 p.m. in H-227 of sible for each and every qualified thing that has been debated is emotion. the U.S. Capitol we will have a debate young American to go to college and There are a number of advantages to between Bill Frenzel, our former col­ beyond, or to receive technical train­ the legislation introduced by the gen­ league, guest scholar of the Brookings ing after high school. tleman from West Virginia [Mr. STAG­ Institute, versus Pat Choate, presently Accordingly, in the near future I will GERS]. It imposes no undue delay for chairman of the Congressional Eco­ introduce the Income-Dependent Edu­ individuals wishing to purchase a hand­ nomic Leadership Institute. This issue cation Assistance Act, also known as gun. It requires a criminal background is absolutely relevant in light of the IDEA for short. check on all individuals wishing to pur­ fast-track request by the administra­ The IDEA Program would provide chase handguns. It mandates an im­ tion, and I think it is a good time for education loans to students on reason­ provement in all deficient criminal his­ conservatives to re-examine their po­ able terms-better terms than in cur­ tory records. sition. rent programs for most students. On the other hand, the legislation Most conservatives like the idea of And it would do this while saving bil­ that has been called the Brady legisla­ free trade, but again, most conserv­ lions of dollars. tion imposes a 7-day waiting period for atives also like the idea of strong, un­ Under IDEA, there would be no fixed the purchase of a handgun, requires no fettered debate. And you are going to repayment schedule. Rather, repay­ background check of any kind, and re­ see a strong unfettered debate when ment would be geared to the incomes of quires no improvement in deficient Bill Frenzel and Pat Choate hook up the borrowers, and would be stretched criminal history records. tommorrow in H-227. out automatically as long as people Mr. Speaker, it is time to recognize I ask all my colleagues to be there. need it to be. Those with high incomes the objectives of both pieces of legisla­ after leaving school would be expected tion are the same, and that is to keep to repay relatively quickly at slightly handguns out of the hands of criminals. ROOTS OF RECESSION SAID TO higher effective rates. And now is the time to look at the REACH BACK TO PRESIDENT Let me emphasize once again that process-and which process best serves REAGAN IDEA would provide affordable student that objective. loans with little or no cost to the tax­ Mr. Speaker, if there is a careful (Mr. VISCLOSKY asked and was payers. It is a carefully crafted Student scrutiny of the facts, a person will de­ given permission to address the House Loan Program, and I would urge my termine that the Staggers approach is for 1 minute and to revise and extend colleagues to consider cosponsorship. the one that is preferred to accomplish his remarks.) that particular objective. Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, Presi­ dents Reagan and Bush have wanted to NAVY'S STEALTH CONCEPTION take credit for what they characterize PROGRAM TIME TO GET SERIOUS ABOUT as the longest economic recovery in (Mr. TRAFICANT asked and was CRIME peacetime since World War II. Presi­ given permission to address the House (Mr. RAMSTAD asked and was given dent Bush is not so fast to take full re­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend permission to address the House for 1 sponsibility, however, for the reces­ his remarks.) minute and to revise and extend his re­ sion. It is unfortunate that two quar­ Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, marks.) ters of decline in real GNP had to Ameria's new high-technology military Mr. RAMSTAD. Mr. Speaker, violent occur, however, before we realized that knows absolutely no bounds. On a pas­ crime soared by 10 percent in 1990, ac­ this ·recession, the Bush recession, sion cruise in the Persian Gulf, the cording to the FBI's "Uniform Crime started with the election of Ronald U.S.S. Acadia, now known as the Report.'' With over 23,000 slayings last Reagan. loveboat, was so overcome by moon­ year, this epidemic of violence presents Just ask people who were making on light, that 36 female sailors, 10 percent our Nation with a challenge that must average real weekly earnings in 1980 of of the female crewmembers, got preg­ be met head-on with tough law enforce­ $274, when it declined to $271 in 1985, nant. That is right. ment measures. when it declined to $266 in 1988, and Now, you talk .about floating your It is time to put aside political and when it declined to $264 in 1989. boat. But the skipper said, "Not on my ideological considerations. The safety D 1210 watch." He says, "I didn't see anybody of our streets and security of our doing any moonlight dancing, and neighborhoods should be a bipartisan Ask the unemployed steelworker I there was absolutely no fraternizing issue. The victims of crime span the met several weeks ago at a pancake among the crewmembers." political spectrum. Both Republicans breakfast at a facility 5 years ago, now Mr. Speaker, let me ask you this. and Democrats are being victimized by closed. I asked, "So what are you doing That leads us to the following point: this violence. now?" He said, "Well, I have got a new Has the Navy developed a new high­ It is time for this body to get serious job, but I am only making one-half of technology mode of propagation? Is about crime. The President has sent us what I made 5 years ago. My wife, who this the Navy's stealth conception pro­ a comprehensive bill, and we should is a legal secretary, now makes more gram? You cannot see it, you cannot not be afraid to act on it. We owe it to than I do." hear it, but rabbits are dying all over ourselves, and more importantly to The Bush recession did not start in the Persian Gulf. those we represent, to take a stand on the fourth quarter of 1990. It started the important provisions in this vio­ when he and Ronald Reagan were elect­ lent crime legislation. We need a Fed­ ed in 1980. STAGGERS LEGISLATION EFFEC­ eral death penalty. We need to end the TIVE AT HANDGUN CONTROL endless appeals and legal challenges INCOME-DEPENDENT EDUCATION (Mr. FIELDS asked and was given that make sentencing decisions almost ASSISTANCE ACT permission to address the House for 1 a joke. We need to elevate substance (Mr. PETRI asked and was given per­ minute and to revise and extend his re­ over procedure and return the criminal mission to address the House for 1 marks.) justice system to its rightful role of a minute and to revise and extend his re­ Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, one of the truth-finding process. We need a vote marks.) most important debates on the second on the President's violent crime bill. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9597 INTRODUCTION OF I..iEGISLATION our intention to protect Europe, and to ence from these nations. We can lower TO REDUCE EUROPEAN TROOP deter any European nation from interest rates without suffering inter­ CEILING TO 100,000 threatening its neighbors militarily. nationally. In fact, by lowering inter­ (Mrs. SCHROEDER asked and was Make no mistake about it: Station­ est rates we would decrease our trade given permission to address the House ing troops, along with an enormous deficit, if not turn it into a trade sur­ for 1 minute and to revise and extend support structure and their dependents plus. her remarks.) abroad costs the American taxpayer Most importantly, on the domestic Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, tremendous sums of money. We should front the lowering of interest rates will today I am introducing legislation to spend what we need to spend but no be profoundly beneficial. Many more reduce the ceiling on U.S. troops sta­ more. For the moment, maintaining a young working families would for the tioned in Europe from 261,885 to 100,000, force of 100,000 in Europe is plenty. As first time be able to afford houses. effective October 1, 1992. I introduce a side matter, our NATO allies, with Many more companies would be able to this legislation to make the adminis­ the exception of Britain, did the mini=­ invest in future opportunities, and our tration do what it says. mum necessary to support the war with economy would get back on its feet. Ever since the Berlin Wall came Iraq. Why do we always have to do Mr. Speaker, I urge the Federal Re­ more than is required for their security down in November 1989, the adminis­ serve to consider the American people tration has been talking about a reduc­ while they do the minimum necessary for worldwide security? rather than foreign ministers of fi­ tion in American troop presence in Eu­ nance when deciding this issue. Let us rope. With a decreased Soviet conven­ I intend to offer this legislation as an tional threat and increased warning amendment to the Defense authoriza­ think first of our farmers, factory time for attack, we no longer need tion bill. I will be seeking the support workers, and teachers, not foreign in­ more than a quarter of a million troops of my colleagues. vestors. Let us also think first of our on the ground in Europe. I personally manufacturers, our small businessmen, doubt we need more than 10,000 to and our financial community. Let us 15,000 permanently stationed troops, 0 1230 give every American the benefit of our along with an active dual-basing pro­ SETTLING THE CONFLICT IN EL leadership by reducing interest rates gram, involving exercises and training SALVADOR and reinvigorating the economy. by U.S. combat forces on short-term deployments. This bill would force (Mr. DREIER of California asked and prompt movement toward a smaller was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and RELIEF FOR THE KURDISH force. REFUGEES Until last year, the European troop extend his remarks.) ceiling was set at 325,000. Last year, Mr. DREIER of California. Mr. (Mr. MAZZOLI asked and was given Congress reduced it to 262,000. This leg­ Speaker, during the decade of the 1980's permission to address the House for 1 islation would cut the number to Central American policy was some­ minute and to revise and extend his re­ 100,000. The administration talks about thing that this House anguished over marks.) major reductions. Supreme Allied Com­ time and time again. Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, later mander Gen. John Galvin has testified I am very pleased that we got the today the House will take up the bill, that we will move from two Army news this morning that there is appar­ H.R. 2122, which is an emergency bill to corps of more than four divisions, to ently an agreement which has been provide assistance to the Kurdish refu­ one corps of two divisions. He states struck between President Cristiani's gees who are in the camps in Iraq and that we will reduce our 8. 75 air wings government of El Salvador and Joachin in Turkey and in Iran. This bill pro­ down to 3.25 air wings. But this is not Villalobos of the Farabundo Marti Lib­ vides for some $400 million in assist­ what we are seeing. Despite all the talk eration Front. In Mexico City they ance to these refugees through the for the last 18 months, no substantial have been trying to negotiate some United Nations and through other mul­ reduction in U.S. troop levels has kind of cease-fire and a settlement to tinational disaster relief agencies. taken place. And, while DOD proposes that 11-year-old war. I do not like to call it a civil war be­ We hope, of course, after seeing the closing 35 major U.S. bases, the admin­ plight of these people that has been so istration has announced the closure of cause we saw a great deal of involve­ ment in the flow of weapons coming clearly demonstrated on TV, that once only scattered installations in Europe. their plight has been eased and once Although DOD claims to have returned from other countries, primarily the So­ viet Union and the Eastern bloc. But it their situation is stabilized that most, to host nations or reduced operations if not all, will be repatriated, which is at 225 installations in Europe since Oc­ was a war which was taking place with­ tober 1989, most of these installations in El Salvador, and I hope very much to say returned to their hometowns to are tiny, like radio towers, filling sta­ that the negotiations which have taken take up the lives that they had before tions, parking lots, or apartment build­ place in Mexico City will bring about a the war began. But for many of these ings. It appears that the Bush adminis­ successful resolution of that crisis and people, return home will not be pos­ tration is afraid to ask our NATO allies that we will finally see peace come to sible for a number of reasons. if we can scale back, in much the same that war-torn country. Accordingly, at my request as chair­ way that they have scaled back. man of the Subcommittee on Inter­ I used the number 100,000 in this leg­ national Law, Immigration, and Refu­ islation because this is the troop level URGING THE FED TO LOWER gees, I have asked the General Ac­ which most responsible, mainline, pro­ INTEREST RATES counting Office to send a team to the NATO commentators seem to think is (Mr. CLEMENT asked and was given camps to assess the needs not just for the maximum needed. Senate Armed permission to address the House for 1 assistance that the refugees need now Services Committee Chairman SAM minute and to revise and extend his re­ but to gather information concerning NUNN proposed moving to 75,000. The marks.) whether or not the United States has a SAIS group cochaired by former De­ Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, I am responsibility to resettle some or all of fense Secretary Harold Brown and appalled that the Federal Reserve these people. The obvious likelihood is former Treasury Secretary William Board apparently will not lower inter­ not all can or should be resettled but Simon said the number should be less est rates without the cooperation of perhaps some would have to have a than 100,000. This number of troops is the other members of the Group of place to go other than their home­ more than enough to maintain our Seven. It shocks me because it shows towns. commitment to our allies, to rebuff our continued dependence on these na­ I will report to the House and to the any surprise attack, to communicate tions. We need to assert our independ- country as this investigation proceeds. 9598 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 PASS THE BRADY BILL Mr. Speaker, the time has come to practiced law for more than 30 years. (Ms. PELOSI asked and was given end the mindless policies that force us He spent 6 years as an assistant attor­ permission to address the House for 1 to kowtow to our allies. If we stand up ney general for the State of Texas and minute and to revise and extend her re­ to Saddam Hussein, we can stand up to was admitted to practice before the marks.) the Germans, the Japanese, and the U.S. Supreme Court in 1952. He is a Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, this week­ rich and powerful here in America. member of the State Bar Association end the FBI released its annual crime and past president of the Williamson County Bar Association. He has re­ report. The figures speak for them­ TRIBUTE TO SHERIFF JIM selves. ceived numerous awards including BOUTWELL AND JUDGE WILLIAM Williamson County's award of excel­ Rapes are up 9 percent, murders up 10 LOTT percent, aggravated assault up 10 per­ lence, award of appreciation from the cent, and robberies up 11 percent. A (Mr. LAUGHLIN asked and was given Adult Probation Department, and cer­ major culprit in these crimes is the permission to address the House for 1 tification of appreciation from the easy availability of handguns. minute and to revise and extend his re­ Williamson County Law Enforcement We need a workable, national system marks.) Association. Judge Lott has served as for keeping handguns out of the hands Mr. LAUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, I stand State district judge, 26th Judicial Dis­ of criminals. The efforts of some States before you today to recognize two out­ trict, since 1977. and localities to mandate a waiting pe­ standing people from my home State of It is with great pleasure that I recog­ riod are undermined by the easy avail­ Texas. Williamson County's Sheriff nize these two exceptional people for ability of handguns in neighboring Jim Boutwell and Judge William Lott their outstanding service to our com­ States. The Brady bill 7-day waiting have dedicated their lives to making munity. period would implement an effective this world a better place to live in. These distinguished individuals have 0 1230 national system. served in making the Williamson Coun­ The NRA says oppose the Brady bill ty criminal justice system an estab­ SUPPORT THE BRADY BILL and support the Staggers bill, but the lished model for law enforcement in (Mr. FEIGHAN asked and was given Staggers bill is not necessary. We have the State of Texas. This is evidenced permission to address the House for 1 already mandated the development of a by a crime rate in the county which is minute and to revise and extend his re­ Staggers-style instant check system­ one-half of the State rate. Two key fac­ marks.) implementation of it is billions of dol­ tors in Williamson County's formula Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, I would lars and years away. for success are tough law enforcement like to thank the leadership of this Mr. Speaker, we can begin to stop .the at the street level and strong courts in House, and in particular the Speaker. senseless loss of life, next week, with the criminal justice system. It is the Late last session, the leadership made passage of the Brady bill and defeat of close cooperation between these two a commitment to bring the Brady bill the Staggers bill. forces, the Sheriff's Department and to the floor for a vote early this ses­ the courts, which has resulted in a no­ sion. Next Wednesday, we will have the nonsense implementation of law and opportunity to cast that vote. U.S. GOVERNMENT POSITION ON justice in Williamson County. Next Wednesday, we will also have LOWERING INTEREST RATES On April 29, 1991, the Patrick Henry the opportunity to consider an alter­ (Mr. KENNEDY asked and was given Chapter of the Sons of the American native offered by my colleague from permission to address the House for 1 Revolution honored Sheriff Boutwell West Virginia, Mr. STAGGERS. The al­ minute and to revise and extend his re­ and Judge Lott for their achievement ternative calls for a national instant marks.) of this system by awarding them the check system for purchasers of hand­ Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. Speaker, this Society's Gold Medal for Law Enforce­ guns. past weekend the Bush administration, ment in Williamson County. Today, I There is only one thing you need to hat in hand, asked Germany and Japan stand before you so that we also can know about the Staggers amendment. if we could lower our interest rates. pay tribute to their dedication and loy­ It is nothing more than a killer amend­ What a political sight to see. alty in establishing a safe community ment designed by the National Rifle Our so-called allies immediately said for the American people. Association to stop the Brady bill. no, no ifs, ands, or buts. Tough luck, Sheriff Boutwell and Judge Lott both That is why the NRA is pushing the USA. have a long history of public service Staggers proposal. It knows that Stag­ Coming on the heels of our victory in and commitment to excellence. Jim gers is unworkable. It knows that the the Persian Gulf, the rebuff is an em­ Boutwell entered law enforcement in Attorney General of the United States, barrassing spectacle, but it points out 1947, after serving in the U.S. Navy. Dick Thornburgh, has testified that just how lopsided a superpower we have Later he became the first pilot for the implementing instant check will cost become. On one hand we brilliantly Texas Department of Safety and went hundreds of millions of dollars and protect Arab sheiks and the nations on to serve as a Texas Ranger assigned take 3 to 5 years. who depend on their oil, but on the to the Intelligence Division. It knows that instant check is a other hand we have to bug our allies After spending some time in the pri­ phoney, that there is no instant check. for a little interest rate relief. vate industry he returned to his first That there is only an NRA-endorsed Who can really be surprised? After 10 choice. of professions-law enforce­ blank check to allow felons, mental years of tax cuts for the wealthy and ment. Over the years he has received defectives, and drug addicts to con­ spending half of our national defense several awards including a citation for tinue to buy handguns as easily as they dollars to defend the Europeans and bravery during the tower sniper inci­ buy a pack of cigarettes. the Japanese, we have a $3.5 trillion dent at the University of Texas at Aus­ The Brady bill will pass next week. It national debt. Our Government has to tin. He was recognized as Texas law­ will pass because, according to the issue a lot of bonds to service that man of the year in 1984 and received polls, 95 percent of Americans and 87 debt. And guess who buys them? The the Williamson County Law Enforce­ percent of gunowners favor the Brady Germans, the Japanese, and our ment Award of Excellence in 1981. Jim bill's 7-day waiting period. And it will wealthy. Boutwell has been sheriff for pass because Americans are sick and So now it is they who tell us what Williamson County since 1978. tired and burying their children, vic­ the interest rates will be because they William Lott served in the U.S. Army tims of the handgun violence that have us over a barrel. Higher interest in military intelligence during World takes 20,000 American lives a year. The means more money for them, the lend­ War II. He earned his law degree from NRA's long reign of terror is about to er; less money for us, the borrower. the University of Texas in 1940 and has end. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9599 INTRODUCTION OF MANDATORY lent crime we see every day across this not work, we have to look at their TV's SEAT-BELT AND MOTORCYCLE­ Nation. We must ease the fear that has and VCR's and camcorders. These drift HELMET BILL become a part of life for too many peo­ net pirate countries have to under­ (Mr. COOPER asked and was given ple. stand that if they insist on stealing our permission to address the House for 1 My colleagues can send a message by fish, we are going to get tough. minute and to revise and extend his re­ supporting the Brady bill. The Con­ marks.) gress can send a message that people want to hear by passing the Brady bill. REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID­ Mr. COOPER. Mr. Speaker, my col­ ING FOR CONSIDERATION OF leagues know that almost 47,000 Ameri­ H.R. 1455, INTELLIGENCE AU­ cans have died on our Nation's high­ LEADERSHIP OF FIRE AND EMER­ THORIZATION ACT, FISCAL YEAR ways every year. Hundreds of thou­ GENCY SERVICE PROFESSIONALS 1991 sands are permanently disabled, mil­ MEETING IN WASHINGTON THIS Mr. MOAKLEY, from the Committee lions are temporarily disabled. WEEK We are all aware more or less of these on Rules, submitted a privileged report statistics and yet we do almost nothing (Mr. WELDON asked and was given (Rept. No. 102-42) on the resolution (H. about it. We do not know how to elimi­ permission to address the House for 1 Res. 136) providing for the consider­ nate all this carnage on our Nation's minute and to revise and extend his re­ ation of the bill (H.R. 1455) to authorize highways. But we do know a simple, marks.) appropriations for fiscal year 1991 for cheap, and effective way to dramati­ Mr. WELDON. Mr. Speaker, torna­ intelligence activities of the U.S. Gov­ cally reduce the bloodshed. does in Kansas, wild land fires in Cali­ ernment, the Intelligence Community Mr. Speaker, I have introduced H.R. fornia, high-rise fires in Philadelphia Staff, and the Central Intelligence 1782. It is a mandatory seat-belt bill for and our inner cities, airline disasters Agency Retirement and Disability Sys­ automobiles and a mandatory motor­ across the country, single-family home tem, and for other purposes, which was cycle helmet bill for motorcyclists fires that cause the loss of life, all pro­ referred to the House Calendar and or­ which will reduce our casualty rate tected by America's domestic defend­ dered to be printed. dramatically. ers, our fire and emergency service pro­ I will be lobbying my colleagues in fessionals. the next few days and weeks to cospon­ This week the leadership is here in REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID­ sor this measure. Let us take action Washington, Mr. Speaker, 4,000 of ING FOR CONSIDERATION OF this year to reduce the bloodshed on them, to join with the Members of Con­ H.R. 1988, NASA MULTIYEAR AU­ our Nation's highways. gress, President Bush, Vice President THORIZATION ACT OF 1991 QUAYLE, and tonight for what will be Mr. MOAKLEY, from the Committee the largest event in the Nation's Cap­ on Rules, submitted a privileged report BRADY BILL LONG OVERDUE ital as we pay tribute to these brave (Rept. No. 102-43) on the resolution (H. (Ms. DELAURO asked and was given men and women who day in and day Res. 137) providing for the consider­ permission to address the House for 1 out do so much to protect America, its ation of the bill (H.R. 1988) to authorize minute and to revise and extend her re- cities and small towns. appropriations to the National Aero­ marks.) , I ask my colleagues and you, Mr. nautics and Space Administration for Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, I want Speaker, to join with us this evening as research and development, space flight, to send a message from the Congress to Attorney General Dick Thornburgh control, and data communications, the American people today. That mes­ and Marilyn Quayle address this distin­ construction facilities, research and sage is simple: "I hear you." guished group of leaders to let them program management, and inspector That message goes to the majority of know that we are behind them 100 per­ general, and for other purposes, which Americans who fear for their personal cent. was referred to the House Calendar and safety on a daily basis and to the ma­ ordered to be printed. jority of the American people who be­ INTRODUCTION OF THE DRIFTNET lieve that a waiting period on the pur­ ACT OF 1991 chase of a handgun is a small price to (Mrs. UNSOELD asked and was given REPORT ON RESOLUTION PROVID­ pay to improve their safety. permission to address the House for 1 ING FOR CONSIDERATION OF The American people are looking to minute and to revise and extend her re­ H.R. 1236, NATIONAL FLOOD IN­ us, to Congress, to provide leadership marks.) SURANCE PROGRAM AMEND­ to ease their fears. It is not an imag­ Mrs. UNSOELD. Mr. Speaker, last MENTS ined fear. It is the product of headlines week we got an ugly reminder of what Mr. MOAKLEY, from the Committee day after day that tell of communica­ happens when we do not get tough with on Rules, submitted a privileged report tions torn apart by random acts of vio­ Japan and other countries who ille­ (Rept. No. 102-44) on the resolution (H. lence. gally use 30-mile-long drift nets to Res. 138) providing for the consider­ The situation we face is as menacing spread a curtain of death entrapping ation of the bill (H.R. 1236) to revise to the American public as any act of hundreds of thousands of our fish, ma­ the National Flood Insurance Program terrorism. People are being gunned rine mammals, and seabirds. to provide for mitigation of potential down in our streets every day. Coast Guard planes got a bird's-eye flood damage and management of Congress must provide some relief. view of up to four drift net vessels coastal erosion, ensure the financial The Brady bill is a step in that direc­ roaming 360 miles outside legal fishing soundness of the program, and increase tion. The Brady bill is workable. It zones, without required identifying compliance with the mandatory pur­ merely states the obvious, that our marks or transponders. The sickening chase requirement, and for other pur­ legal system needs a few days to ensure picture they saw was of drift nets full poses, which was referred to the House that laws already on the books, laws of salmon, of boats ignoring signals to Calendar and ordered to be printed. which prevent known criminals and the stop, and of criminals cutting their mentally unstable from purchasing nets free to make a quick getaway. firearms, are enfarced. That is why I have joined today with HOUR OF MEETING ON TOMORROW Our policemen, those closest to the two of my respected colleagues, GERRY Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask violence plaguing our communities, are STUDDS and DON YOUNG, to introduce unanimous consent that when the pleading for the passage of the Brady the Driftnet Act of 1991. House adjourns today, it adjourn to bill. They know it will save lives. The bill authorizes the President to meet at 1 p.m. tomorrow. The Brady bill is long overdue. We place sanctions on fish products from The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. must stop the senseless killing and vio- drift-netting nations. And if that does MCNULTY). Is there objection to the re- 9600 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 quest of the gentleman from Massachu­ House Joint Resolution 214 which is in­ tributed greatly to the continuing ad­ setts? tended to honor the men and women vancements of the space program. In There was no objection. who have given their lives in our Na­ the space program, we are constantly tion's exploration of space. I want espe­ moving forward, striving for higher and cially to thank the gentleman from higher goals, yet we cannot forget RECOGNITION OF ASTRONAUTS Texas [Mr. FROST] and the gentleman those who have helped us get to the MEMORIAL AT JOHN F. KEN­ from Nebraska [Mr. BARRETT] and oth­ place we are today. It is, therefore, NEDY SPACE CENTER AS NA­ ers who have helped make this resolu­ most fitting that we recognize and TIONAL MEMORIAL TO ASTRO­ tion something we could move so honor these exemplary individuals with NAUTS quickly to the floor. a national memorial, dedicated to their Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ This joint resolution will designate memory. imous consent that the Committee on the Astronauts Memorial, now being Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to House Administration be discharged constructed at Kennedy Space Center, unanimously support this resolution. from further consideration of the joint as the national memorial to astronauts Mr. Speaker, I withdraw my reserva­ resolution (H.J. Res. 214) to recognize who die in the line of duty. The memo­ tion of objection. the astronauts memorial at the John rial honors these heroes: Challenger The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. F. Kennedy Space Center as the na­ crew members Francis R. "Dick" MCNULTY). Is there objection to the re­ tional memorial to astronauts who die Scobee, Michale J. Smith, Ronald E. quest of the gentleman from Texas? in the line of duty. McNair, Ellison S. Onizuka, Judith A. There was no objection. The Clerk read the title of the joint Resnik, Gregory B. Jarvis, and S. The Clerk read the joint resolution, resolution. Christa McAulifee; Apollo 1 crew mem­ as follows: The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there bers Virgil I. "Gus" Grissom, Edward objection to the request of the gen­ H. White II, and Roger B. Chaffee; and H.J. RES. 214 tleman from Texas? T-38 training astronauts Theodore C. Whereas the purpose of the United States Mr. BARRETT. Mr. Speaker, reserv­ Freeman, Charles A. Bassett II, Elliot space program is to promote the peaceful ex­ ing the right to object, I yield to the M. See, Jr., and Clifton C. Williams, Jr. ploration of space for the benefit of man­ gentleman from Texas [Mr. FROST] for I am proud that this resolution is my kind; very first as a Member of this House. Whereas the United States space program, the purpose of explaining the joint res­ including the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo olution. Much of the history of human space ex­ ploration has been written in my dis­ missions and the Space Shuttle program, D 1240 have made the United States the scientific trict at the Kennedy Space Center. The and technological leader in aeronautical and Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, House people of my district and the people of space activities; Joint Resolution 214 recognizes the As­ Florida take great pride in this his­ Whereas several citizens of the United tronauts Memorial at the John F. Ken­ tory. This is why they overwhelmingly States have exhibited the ultimate level of nedy Space Center in Titusville, FL, as supported construction of this memo­ bravery by giving their lives in furtherance the national memorial to astronauts rial by purchasing commemorative li­ of the United States space program; who die in the line of duty. cense plates. They and the Astronauts Whereas the Astronauts Memorial Founda­ This recently constructed memorial Memorial Foundation, which organized tion, the citizens of the State of Florida, and others have raised funds for the establish­ will be located at NASA's Spaceport the project, have made possible a me­ ment of a memorial to honor the astronauts USA Visitors Center Complex, and is morial that is highly deserving of this of the United States space program who die scheduled to be dedicated on May 9, recognition of the national monument. in the line of duty and have established a 1991. This Astronauts Memorial helps peo­ trust fund for the memorial 's perpetual care; No Federal funds were used for the ple remember those who have come be­ Whereas construction of such memorial is construction of. this project. In large fore citizens and reminds all citizens of expected to be completed by May 1991; and part, the funding for this $6.2 million the bright future that space explo­ Whereas it is appropriate to recognize the memorial project was provided by the ration offers to our Nation and to all national importance of such memorial: Now, overwhelming successful sale of Chal­ people everywhere. Above all, this me­ therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Rep­ lenger license plates in the State of morial reminds citizens of the risks in­ resentatives of the United States of America in Florida. A $2 million trust fund has volved in expanding the boundaries of Congress assembled, That- been established for the memorial's exploration and knowledge. It reminds (1) the memorial known as the Astronauts perpetual care and maintenance. citizens also that we must push for­ Memorial, located at the John F. Kennedy The resolution before us was author­ ward despite these risks. Space Center in Brevard County, Florida, is ized by our colleague, the gentleman I look forward, Mr. Speaker, to being recognized as the national memorial to as­ from Florida, JIM BACCHUS. By acting with the families of our heroic astro­ tronauts who die in the line of duty; and today to pass House Joint Resolution nauts, and with many others who re­ (2) the National Aeronautics and Space Ad­ 214, we are giving those 14 astronauts member their courage and their sac­ ministration shall continue to have adminis­ trative jurisdiction for the care and manage­ the national recognition they deserve rifice next week in Florida as we dedi­ ment of the memorial and over the grounds for having given their lives in the pur­ cate this memorial. on which the memorial is located. suit of the exploration of space. Mr. BARRETT. Mr. Speaker, I rise I commend my colleague from Flor­ today in support of House Joint Reso­ The joint resolution was ordered to ida for his inspiration and commitment lution 214, which recognizes the Astro­ be engrossed and read a third time, was in bringing this deserved designation nauts Memorial at the John F. Ken­ read the third time, and passed. to pass and urge my colleagues to sup­ nedy Space Center, as the national me­ AMENDMENT TO THE TITLE port passage of the bill. morial to astronauts who die in the Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I offer an Mr. BARRE'IT. Mr. Speaker, I thank line of duty. amendment to the title. the gentleman for his explanation. The astronauts who have died in pur­ The Clerk read as follows: Mr. BACCHUS. Mr. Speaker, will the suit of the goals of the U.S. space pro­ Amendment to the Title offered by Mr. gentleman yield? gram, dedicated their lives to the FROST: Amend the title so as to read: "Joint Mr. BARRE'IT. Mr. Speaker, I am peaceful exploration of space for the resolution recognizing the Astronauts Me­ very happy to yield to my freshman benefit of all mankind. Those men and morial at the John F. Kennedy Space Center colleague, the gentleman from Florida women possessed the qualities of as the national memorial to astronauts who [Mr. BACCHUS], also a sponsor of this honor, patriotism, and heroism-in­ die in the line of duty.'·' joint resolution. deed, the ultimate level of bravery. The title amendment was agreed to. Mr. BACCHUS. Mr. Speaker, it is my Their self-sacrifice has not been in A motion to reconsider was laid on privilege today to speak as a sponsor of vain; the progress they made has con- the table. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9601 ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER fits of PURPA but denied the regu­ Treaty on June 22, 1991, and encourag­ PRO TEMPORE latory benefits to facilities between 30 ing the United States to support efforts The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu­ megawatts and 80 megawatts. to achieve an international agreement ant to the provisions of clause 5 of rule S. 258 corrects that error and ensures establishing Antarctica as a region I, the Chair announces that he will that the benefits Congress intended to closed to commercial minerals develop­ postpone further proceedings today on provide to alternative fueled power ment and related activities for at least each motion to suspend the rules on generation will be available to all sizes 99 years at the upcoming meeting of which a recorded vote or the yeas and of facilities, not just those above 80 the parties to the Antarctic Treaty, nays are ordered, or on which the vote megawatts or below 30 megawatts in April 22 through 27, 1991, in Madrid, is objected to under clause 4 of rule size. Spain, as amended. xv. It is a bipartisan measure. Its com­ The Clerk read as follows: Such rollcall votes, if postponed, will panion bill was cosponsored in the H. CON. RES. 109 be taken on Wednesday, May 1. House by myself and the ranking Re­ Commemorating the thirtieth anniversary publican member of the Energy and of the ratification and entry into force of the Power Subcommittee, the gentleman Antarctic Treaty on June 23, 1991, and en­ CORRECTING AN ERROR IN THE from California. It is noncontroversial, couraging the United States to support ef­ SOLAR, WIND, WASTE, AND GEO­ and I urge my colleagues to support it. forts to achieve an international agreement Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I establishing Antarctica as a region closed to THERMAL POWER PRODUCTION commercial minerals development and relat­ INCENTIVES ACT OF 1990 yield myself such time as I may ed activities for at least 99 years at the cur­ consume. Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, I move to rent meeting of the parties to the Antarctic suspend the rules and pass the Senate Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to rise in Treaty, in Madrid, Spain. support of S. 258. This bill makes a Whereas Antarctica, like the great oceans bill, S. 258, to correct an error in the technical correction to Public Law 101- and the atmosphere, is part of the global Solar, Wind, Waste, and Geothermal 575 which we passed last year and commons; Power Production Incentives Act of which lifted the size limits on geo­ Whereas Antarctica is the Earth's last 1990. thermal, wind, and solar energy near-pristine continental wilderness, and is, The Clerk read as follows: projects. Public Law 101-575 was an im­ thus, a critical area in the study of global s. 258 change; portant bill for renewable energy, al­ Whereas the exploitation of minerals re­ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ lowing these projects to scale up and be sources in Antarctica could severely degrade resentatives of the United States of America in more economically competitive with the Antarctic environment and threaten its Congress assembled, That section 3(17)(E) of conventional power projects. The bill fragile marine ecosystem; the Federal Power Act, as amended, is fur­ Whereas Public Law 101-594 and Public ther amended by striking ", and which would we are passing today simply corrects a technical error in Public Law 101-575. Law 101-620 call for an indefinite prohibition otherwise not qualify as a small power pro­ on all Antarctic minerals activities, and for duction facility because of the power produc­ It passed the Senate without fanfare the permanent protection of the Antarctic tion facility because of the power production and should do so here in the House. I environment; capacity limitation contained in subpara­ urge my colleagues to support passage Whereas significant progress was made to­ graph (A)(ii)". of S. 258. ward achieving these goals at the special The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu­ GENERAL LEAVE consultative meeting of parties to the Ant­ ant to the rule, the gentleman from In­ Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ arctic Treaty in November 1990; diana [Mr. SHARP] will be recognized imous consent that all Members may Whereas the current consultative meetings of parties to the Antarctic Treaty provide for 20 minutes and the gentleman from have 5 legislative days within which to opportunities for the United States to exer­ California [Mr. MOORHEAD] will be rec­ revise and extend their remarks on S. cise leadership toward the protection and ognized for 20 minutes. 258 the Senate bill now under consider­ sound management of Antarctic: Now, there­ The Chair recognizes the gentleman ation. fore, be it from Indiana [Mr. SHARP]. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, I yield my­ objection to the request of the gen­ Senate concurring), That- self such time as I may consume. tleman from Indiana? (1) Antarctic is a global ecological com­ There was no objection. mons, and should, therefore, be subject to a Mr. Speaker, this bill is a technical new agreement or protocol which supple­ correction to last year's H.R. 4808, a Mr. SHARP. Mr. Speaker, I have no ments the Antarctic Treaty of 1959 providing bill to encourage solar, wind, and geo­ further requests for time, and I yield for comprehensive environmental protection thermal power production by removing back the balance of my time. of Antarctic, and which should for an indefi­ the size limitations contained in the Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, I have nite period (but not less than 99 years) estab­ Public Utility Regulatory Practices no further requests for time, and I lish Antarctic as a region closed to commer­ Act of 1978. With the successful growth yield back the balance of my time. cial minerals development and related ac­ of the alternative power production The SPEAKER pro tempore. The tivities unless a consensus of the parties to the agreement opens it for such purpose; sector, larger plants and economies of question is on the motion offered by (2) such a new agreement would also- scale are now available that were not the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. °(A) conserve and protect permanently the foreseen in 1978. SHARP] that the House suspend the natural environment of Antarctic and its as­ The 1990 law was intended to allow rules and pass the Senate bill, S. 258. sociated and dependent ecosystems, alternative fueled qualifying facilities The question was taken; and (two­ (B) grant Antarctic special protective sta­ under the 1978 act to be of any size and thirds having voted in favor thereof) tus as a world park dedicated to wilderness still receive certain regulatory bene­ the rules were suspended and the Sen­ protection, international cooperation, and ate bill was passed. scientific research, and fits. Previously, qualifying facilities (C) include other comprehensive measures had to be smaller than 80 megawatts to A motion to reconsider was laid on for the protection of the Antarctic environ­ qualify for interconnection benefits the table. ment; under PURPA and smaller than 30 (3) the prohibition on all minerals activi­ megawatts to escape some forms of ties in Antarctic in such a new agreement regulation as electric utilities under COMMEMORATING THE 30TH ANNI­ would fully support and strengthen the Ant­ the Federal Power Act and the Public VERSARY OF THE SIGNING OF arctic Treaty's fundamental objective of Utility Holding Company Act. THE ANTARCTIC TREATY keeping Antarctic free of international dis­ cord and activities of a military nature; and Through a drafting error in a Senate Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I (4) at the current special consultative amendment to the House bill, the 1990 move to suspend the rules and agree to meeting of parties to the Antarctic Treaty in law allowed facilities larger than 80 the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. Madrid, Spain, the United States should sup­ megawatts to receive the regulatory 109) commemorating the 30th anniver­ port efforts to achieve the international benefits and the interconnection bene- sary of the signing of the Antarctic agreement described in paragraph (1).

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 (Pt. 7) 27 9602 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu­ unanimous bipartisan support. The While continued progress is expected ant to the rule, the gentleman from Antarctic is too important to put at on other environmental issues, there Utah [Mr. OWENS] will be recognized for any kind of risk. It should be preserved continues to be difficulty reaching 20 minutes and the gentleman from as a land of nature and science, the last agreement on minerals. Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD] will be rec­ place on Earth where we can still es­ The U.S. position has been to press ognized for 20 minutes. tablish baseline readings of what the for a moratorium on mineral activi­ The Chair recognizes the gentleman planet was like before the influence of ties, which could only be lifted if a sat­ from Utah [Mr. OWENS]. man became widespread. It is the isfactory regime were negotiated. This source of sustenance for the krill which position is based on the fact that some D 1250 nourishes the fish of the southern countries are unwilling to give up the Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I oceans, which in turn feed many mil­ mineral option at this time. Failure to yield one-half of my time, 10 minutes, lions of people. The Antarctic, for all have a permanent regime in place to the gentleman from the Virgin Is­ its vastness and hostility, is exceed­ could lead to an uncontrolled gold rush lands [Mr. DE LUGO], on behalf of the ingly fragile and vulnerable to human for Antarctic minerals if their develop­ Committee on Interior and Insular Af­ impacts. It provides us with vital data ment became economically and tech­ fairs, to which the bill was jointly re­ for measuring ozone depletion and nically feasible. ferred, to control that 10 minutes, and global warming and other possible The current resolution is being pro­ pending that, Mr. Speaker, I yield my­ global trends. It is too harsh and unfor­ posed for action by the House just as self such time as I might consume. giving to ever be mined or drilled safe­ negotiations are at a key stage. It calls As we deliberate this resolution on ly or successfully, and the con­ for the United States to support a 99- the floor today, our negotiators are sequences of the almost inevitable ac­ year ban on mineral activities, which wrapping up their work on the question cidents could be catastrophic. A sig­ could be lifted only by consensus. The of minerals activity in Antarctica nificant mineral find could also target resolution is potentially at odds with along with the other ATCP's [Antarc­ a speculative land rush, revitalize dor­ the U.S. position and could undercut tica Treaty consultative parties] in mant territorial claims still made by the U.S. position at the negotiations. Madrid, Spain. This statement of con­ several countries, and in the worst case Worse, it could create a new obstacle gressional intent could hardly be much scenario put the entire Antarctic Trea­ to resolving this issue. better timed. ty at risk. Finally, I would note that the resolu­ Last Congress, we passed, nearly The minerals that are available in tion before us is inconsistent with two unanimously, two bipartisan bills the Antarctic are available elsewhere laws on this subject which were passed which were promptly signed into law on the planet at much less expense and last year. Both-including a measure by the President. One was a resolution much less environmental risk. The sponsored by the late Silvio Conte­ similar to the one we have before us world is not so poor that it must ex­ called for an indefinite ban on mineral today, calling for the United States to ploit the Antarctic. Nor is the world so development. This is generally in line negotiate a comprehensive environ­ rich that it can afford to put the Ant­ with the administration's approach. mental protection treaty for the Ant­ arctic at risk. With these reservations, I am pre­ arctic which would include a ban for an As a matter of fact, Mr. Speaker, as pared to support the resolution today indefinite period on commercial min­ we speak, it appears that the Antarc­ as an expression of congressional senti­ erals activity in Antarctica. The other tica Treaty consultative parties in Ma­ ment on this issue. Let us hope that bill, introduced by the late, beloved Sil drid are ready right now to agree to a our action will in the end serve to fa­ Conte, who made protection of the Ant­ 50-year ban on mineral activities explo­ cilitate agreement on the important arctic one of his major priorities, uni­ ration before they adjourn later today. issue of Antarctic environmental pro­ laterally committed the United States This remarkable shift, and it is a re­ tection. to practice what it preached, prohibit­ markable shift, in hard-line positions, Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I yield ing United States nationals from en­ not least of all a shift by the United myself such time as I may consume. gaging in commercial minerals activ­ States, is due at least in part to the ac­ Mr. Speaker, I, too, rise in support of ity in the Antarctic. Obviously, this ef­ tivities of this body and the strong res­ House Concurrent Resolution 109, a res­ fort was bipartisan, and it helped es­ olutions that we have passed in the olution that was introduced recently tablish the negotiating posture the past and this resolution which we are by the gentleman from Utah, our col­ United States took in the last round of prepared to act on today. league WAYNE OWENS, and is designed talks in Chile last fall. Our dramatic We have impacted on the American to help protect the environment of that change in posture has led directly to State Department's attitude and their great and unique continent of Antarc­ some of the remarkable shifts in posi­ approach and their willingness to ac­ tica. tion that we are seeing in Madrid this cept a long-term ban on mineral explo­ As chairman of the Subcommittee on week. ration in the Antarctica, and that is Insular and International Affairs, I Japan, Britain, and Chile, three of very rewarding, indeed. moved April 24 for its approval by the the hard-line promoters of mineral de­ Mr. Speaker, I would like to com­ Interior and Insular Affairs Commit­ velopment in the Antarctic, all arrived mend the ranking Republican member tee, which ordered if favorably re­ in Madrid with remarkably changed po­ of the committee, the gentleman from ported. sition papers, all calling for a morato­ Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD], if I may, The action continued the commit­ rium on commercial minerals activity for his strong support of this activity tee's work on Antarctic matters. When for an indefinite period. The resolution in preserving this great continent as a I assumed the subcommittee chairman­ before us today calls for a moratorium natural wilderness. ship 4 years ago, for example, the sub­ of at least 99 years, to be lifted only if Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I committee held a formal briefing on there is unanimity among the ATCP's yield myself such time as I may Antarctica. Our briefers were from the to do so-a rational compromise and consume. National Science Foundation, the lead defensible position between those na­ Mr. Speaker, while I support the ob­ agency for U.S. activities related to tions which would impose an absolute jectives of this resolution, which are to Antarctica. permanent ban and those which would improve international protection for Later, a committee delegation vis­ encourage some sort of mining regi­ the Antarctic environment, I do, how­ ited the staging site for Antarctic ac­ men. ever, have some reservations about its tivities in Christchurch, New Zealand, The administration has taken no offi­ content and timing. on an oversight inspection. cial position on this resolution. It is A special consultative meeting of the Last year, at my urging, the commit­ totally consistent with the resolution parties to the Antarctic Treaty is tee facilitated the passage of the bill which passed last year with almost reaching conclusion this very week. sponsored by our late colleague from April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9603 Massachusetts, Silvio Conte, which was I wish to commend the chairman of that sub­ when disturbed, Antarctica's fragile terrestrial designed to protect Antarctica from committee, the Honorable Gus YATRON, and and marine ecosystems lack the resiliency to mining. This bill became Public Law its ranking minority member, the Honorable readily recover that warmer climates often 101-594. DOUG BEREUTER, as well as the sponsor of the have. Our committee was also supportive of resolution, for their leadership on this issue. I believe it is imperative that we amply pro­ the resolution introduced last year by All have played important roles in legislation tect Antarctica's delicate ecological balance. Mr. OWENS of Utah. It encouraged U.S. relating to Antarctica and its environmental Mr. Speaker, I urge the adoption of the House negotiators to work toward an imme­ protection. Concurrent Resolution 109, as amended. diate agreement among the Antarctic House Concurrent Resolution 109, was also Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I Treaty consultative parties for the full referred to the Committees on Merchant Ma­ yield 5 minutes to the distinguished protection of Antarctica and became rine and Fisheries, and Interior. The efforts of gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Public Law 101-620. the chairmen and members of those commit­ YATRON], the chairman of the sub­ Today's resolution is a timely one be­ tees in expediting consideration of this meas­ committee, who has also worked very cause it is directed at meetings of the ure are greatly appreciated. In particular, I hard on this resolution and previous consultative parties to the Antarctic wish to commend the distinguished chairman Antarctic resolutions. Treaty that are currently taking place of the Committee on Merchant Marine and in Madrid, Spain. It encourages the Fisheries, the Honorable WAL TEA JONES, for D 1300 U.S. representatives to the meetings to his continuing leadership and cooperation on Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, I strong­ support efforts to achieve an inter­ Antarctica and many other issues of mutual ly support House Concurrent Resolu­ national agreement providing for the concern over the years. tion 109, as amended. I want to com­ comprehensive environmental protec­ The resolution now before the House fol­ mend the sponsor of the bill, my good tion of Antarctica. Among other lows upon two measures signed into law last friend, the gentleman from Utah [Mr. things, such an agreement would close year. Those laws, enacted last fall, call for ne­ OWENS], for his outstanding efforts to Antarctica to commercial minerals de­ gotiations of new international agreements to preserve the environment of Antarc­ velopment and related activities for at fully protect the Antarctic environment, and to tica. Let me also commend the gen­ least 99 years, unless there is inter­ indefinitely ban minerals activities in Antarctica tleman from Florida [Mr. FASCELL], national agreement otherwise. (Public Law 101-594 (Conte), and Public Law the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. BE­ The preservation and permanent pro­ 101-620 (Gore-Owens)). REUTER], and the gentleman from tection of the natural environment of Both laws explicitly define U.S. policy as Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD] for their Antarctica is a goal that should be vig­ seeking an indefinite ban on mining. The min­ strong leadership on this critical issue. orously pursued by our country. erals convention, CRAMRA, was recognized House Concurrent Resolution 109 I, therefore, urge the House to sup­ as inadequate to protect the Antarctic environ­ calls for a new agreement to supple­ port this resolution. The two laws that ment. Indefinite means without a specified ment the Antarctic Treaty of 1959 pro­ were enacted last year that sought to time period. As positions began to emerge at viding for comprehensive environ­ protect Antarctica had a definite im­ the Chile meeting of Antarctic Treaty parties mental protection for Antarctica and pact on meetings of the treaty's con­ last November, however, it appeared the Unit­ banning minerals activities for 99 sultative parties that took place last ed States and others were pursuing mining years. November in Chile. bans in the 20- to 50-year range. Further, dis­ The resolution also calls for the We are hopeful that passage of this cussions included the possibility that a min­ agreement to establish Antarctica as a resolution will have an even greater erals convention might automatically become world park, dedicated to wilderness impact on the ongoing Madrid meet­ operative at the end of such a timeframe. protection, international cooperation, ings. Such options are deemed inadequate to amply and science. House Concurrent Resolu­ In closing, I would like to take the protect the Antarctic environment. tion 109 was approved by the Foreign opportunity to commend our colleague The United States official position in Chile Affairs Committee with some technical from Utah, Mr. OWENS, for his continu­ last November, and again at Madrid, was amendments. ing efforts to keep the preservation of equivocal regarding the terms of an indefinite The measure was also approved by Antarctica in the public eye and high ban, and considered insufficient to protect Ant­ the Committee on Interior and Insular on the list of international environ­ arctica. Thus a refinement of the U.S. position Affairs, and by the Committee on Mer­ mental priorities. was considered necessary. The resolution chant Marine and Fisheries. Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I now before us adds a new dimension to the Mr. Speaker, last year, the House yield such time as he may consume to previous laws, and urges an indefinite ban of passed two bills, which were subse­ the gentleman from Florida [Mr. FAS­ at least 99 years, and which can only be lifted quently signed into law, calling for an CELL], the chairman of the committee, by a consensus of the Antarctic Treaty parties. indefinite prohibition on all Antarctic who has been a leader on Antarctica In a dramatic policy shift announced from minerals activities. The bills estab­ really for many more years than I have Madrid, Japan has shifted its position to one lished the unequivocal position of the been in Congress. of support for an indefinite ban on mining. Un­ Congress, and were timed for maximum Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support fortunately, it now appears the Madrid meeting impact for a meeting of the parties to of House Concurrent Resolution 109, as will be concluded with the minerals issue once the Antarctic Treaty to deal with envi­ amended, commemorating the 30th anniver­ again unresolved. ronmental issues. That meeting in sary of the ratification and entry into force of House Concurrent Resolution 109, also Chile left the minerals question, and the Antarctic Treaty on June 23, 1991, and commemorates the 30th anniversary-in some other important environmental encouraging the United States to support ef­ June-of the Antarctic Treaty, which has pro­ concerns, unresolved. forts to achieve an international agreement es­ vided the framework to guide international ac­ Another environmental meeting of tablishing Antarctica as a region closed to tivities on the Antarctic continent. the Antarctic parties is currently tak­ commercial minerals activities for at least 99 In closing, I wish to highlight the necessity ing place in Madrid. Passage of the res­ years at the current meeting of the parties to of preserving the pristine Antarctic environ­ olution can play an important role in the Antarctic Treaty in Madrid, Spain. ment. That continent is a barometer for the ensuring that the Madrid meeting The resolution was introduced by our col­ health of our global system, and is an impor­ adopts a minerals ban and other envi­ league, the Honorable WAYNE OWENS, who tant site for scientific research. The hole in the ronmental protection measures for has been a prominent leader on Antarctic is­ ozone layer, first discovered above Antarctica Antarctica. sues. House Concurrent Resolution 109 was in 1987, was recently determined to have dou­ Mr. Speaker, I urge all my colleagues reported, as amended, from the Committee on bled in size. Crucial scientific endeavors and to support this timely and important Foreign Affairs by a unanimous voice vote, fol­ measurements are conducted there which fur­ measure. lowing consideration by the Subcommittee on ther our knowledge and understanding of Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I Human Rights and International Organizations. Earth processes and ecosystems. Further, yield such time as he may consume to 9604 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. BE­ Utah [Mr. OWENS] in cosponsoring does require, for instance, shipments of REUTER]. House Concurrent Resolution 109. As oil and a number of other things into it Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I ranking member on the Foreign Affairs in order to make it operational in a thank the distinguished gentleman Subcommittee with jurisdiction over year-round way. from Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD] for international environmental policy, If we are talking about a pure wilder­ yielding this time to me. the Member can assure the House that ness area here, those are things which Mr. Speaker, this Member rises in we are examining the problems facing would not be contemplated in wilder­ support of House Concurrent Resolu­ Antarctica. This Member commends ness areas as we have defined them in tion 109, and especially comments by the gentleman from Utah, who is also a domestic policy. the distinguished gentleman from Utah member of that Human Rights and What I am trying to assure is that [Mr. OWENS] .for his initiative in offer­ International Organizations Sub­ that is not what is contemplated here, ing this resolution and for his contin­ committee, for his leadership on this that we will continue to have those sci­ ued interest in the continent of Ant­ important environmental matter. entific assets available to us because, arctica. I am pleased to serve as a co­ Finally, this Member would also note indeed, particularly at Admundsen­ sponsor of this important legislation. that the preservation of the Antarctic Scott station some of the work being Mr. Speaker, the resolution speaks ecosystem was a special concern of our done there on ozone depletion and glob­ directly to one of the most pressing late colleague, Silvio Conte. The reso­ al warming is absolutely instrumental international environmental issues of lution that we consider today is to to us gathering the data. Some of the our day~the preservation of the global commemorative of his efforts to pre­ meteorological work we do there is ab­ commons. If the nations of the world serve this fragile, hauntingly beautiful solutely fundamental because of the cannot effectively manage the pristine land. nature of gravitational pull. regions such as Antarctica, then there Mr. Speaker, this Member urges the So I would be somewhat chagrined if is little prospect that problems such as adoption of House Concurrent Resolu­ we are taking steps here that might ozone depletion and global warming tion 109. move us away from being able to do can be overcome. Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, will the those kinds of scientific projects. Do I Scientists have only rather recently gentleman yield? understand from the gentleman that discovered that Antarctica is not the Mr. BEREUTER. I yield to the gen­ that is not the intent of the legislation desolate wasteland that it was thought tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. WALK­ and that in no way do they see this leg­ to be. Rather, it is a diverse ecosystem ER] for a question. islation as impacting upon those sci­ that is teeming with life. The waters Mr. WALKER. I thank the gentleman entific efforts? surrounding Antarctica are host to for yielding. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I will many, many creatures, large and Mr. Speaker, I would like to ask a yield to the gentleman from Utah [Mr. small. And while most attention is paid question of the gentleman from Ne­ OWENS] in a minute. But I would say to the whales, seals, and other large braska or the gentleman from Utah the gentleman has expressed this Mem­ creatures that frequent these waters, [Mr. OWENS], the author of the bill, if I ber's intent, as the ranking Member. the Antarctic seas are also home to may. The specific limitation on mankind's small microscopic plankton that are Mr. Speaker, is the resolution we are activity relates directly toward explo­ essential for the conversion of carbon about to vote on here going to impact ration and exploitation for mineral re­ dioxide into oxygen, and hence this· is upon the science missions that are sources at this time. There is a limit essential to life itself. under way on the Antarctica Continent that is specifically being suggested as Yet Antarctica is beset by a host of in any way? appropriate, and that direction is problems. Oil tankers have run Mr. BEREUTER. I would say to the given, and encouragement is given to aground, fouling the shorelines. Inter­ gentleman I do not believe that is the our negotiators in Madrid. It would not national fishing fleets are depleting case, that it would have no impact. But in this gentleman's opinion be the in­ the waters. Tourism, which is on the I would yield at this time to the gen­ tent of the legislation to limit sci­ upswing, has been conducted in an in­ tleman from Utah [Mr. OWENS] for a re­ entific research facilities or capabili­ discriminate and environmentally sponse, since he is a prime sponsor of ties, including the logistics necessary unsustainable manner. Waste disposal the legislation. to support those facilities. has become a major problem. Mr. OWENS of Utah. I thank the gen­ Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman By far the most serious concern, tleman for yielding. from Utah. however, is fear of the potential dam­ Mr. Speaker, the response which the Mr. OWENS of Utah. The answer that age caused by mineral exploration and gentleman from Nebraska gave is accu­ the gentleman from Nebraska [Mr. BE­ exploitation. Because of the pristine rate. The administration has never REUTER] gave is more than adequate. I nature of Antarctica, mining is simply raised that issue. I would say to the know the gentleman from Pennsylva­ not possible without environmentally gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. nia's interest in science and technology devastating consequences. The Ant­ WALKER] this is in essence inter­ matters, a very distinguished longtime arctic Treaty Consultative Parties are national park concept, in cooperation member of the Committee on Science, meeting in Madrid at this moment in with the National Science Foundation, Space, and Technology. These ques­ an effort to determine how best to pro­ which will play a large role in further­ tions are very appropriate. I appreciate tect Antarctica from indiscriminate ing scientific uses. We are preserving the chance to respond to them. mining activity. this unique resource basically for sci­ One of the preferatory phrases to the House Concurrent Resolution 109 entific reasons. legislation we are considering today is urges that the United States work at Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, will the as stating a purpose; the purpose of the the Madrid meeting for an agreement gentleman yield further? agreement would be to grant Antarc­ that will close the region to commer­ Mr. BEREUTER. I yield to the gen­ tica special protective status as a cial mining for the foreseeable future. tleman from Pennsylvania. world park dedicated to wilderness pro­ It calls upon the United States to work Mr. WALKER. I thank the gentleman tection, international cooperation and to grant Antarctica special status as a for yielding further. scientific research. Of course, it is un­ world park. And it calls upon the What I am specifically concerned derstood that humans cannot live with­ United States to do everything in its about is the base at McMurdo Sound, out oil and heat in that beautiful but power to protect the environment of whether or not the McMurdo base barren wasteland. And such support as Antarctica. would in any way be impacted by this is required, obviously, to maintain the Mr. Speaker, this Member is pleased and our ability to run that base? And scientific presence is not only toler­ to join with the author of this legisla­ in particular, the Admundsen-Scott ated, it is welcomed so that the goals tion, to distinguished, gentleman from station at the South Pole itself which may be achieved. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9605 0 1310 Foreign Affairs, Merchant Marine and Fish­ Once the impasse over mining is resolved, The military, as the gentleman may eries, and Interior and Insular Affairs. the treaty parties can turn their attention to know, also plays a supportive role over The Committee on Merchant Marine and other more important environmental issues, in­ there, but the clear purpose of the pres­ Fisheries agreed to be discharged from further cluding waste management, marine pollution, ervation of the Antarctic is to permit consideration of this resolution so that it could environmental impact assessment procedures, that scientific function, which is so im­ be brought to the floor for timely consideration and conservation of Antarctica fauna and flora. portant to baseline studies that are and House passage prior to the close of the These are some of the remaining issues to be going on in the world, to go forward. 11th Special Consultative Meeting of Antarctic considered in Madrid in the negotiation of a Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, will the Treaty parties, now being held in Madrid, new environmental protocol to the Antarctic gentleman yield? Spain. The Merchant Marine and Fisheries Treaty. I urge the State Department to nego­ Mr. BEREUTER. I yield to the gen­ Committee is represented on the U.S. delega­ tiate in Madrid with an open mind on these is­ tleman from Pennsylvania. tion for this meeting. sues, prepared to resolve the remaining dif­ Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, I thank One of the critical issues before the Ant­ ferences, with a view toward the best environ­ the gentleman for yielding; and I want arctic Treaty parties in Madrid is the question mental protection possible for the continent. to thank the two gentlemen for their of commercial mining in Antarctica. The As a model for the environmental protocol, help. Owens resolution expresses the sense of the on April 18 I introduced two Antarctic environ­ I think this is very helpful, and if I Congress that Antarctica should be closed to mental protection bills, H.R. 1920 and H.R. understand them correctly, the lan­ mining for an indefinite period, of at least 99 1921. These bills address waste disposal guage which I have before me in the years duration. At the end of this moratorium, practices of U.S. citizens and facilities in Ant­ bill indicates scientific research puts mining can only take place if there is a con­ arctica, and provide new measures to prevent oilspills from U.S. vessels and facilities in Ant­ that on an equal par with the wilder­ sensus of treaty parties who want to lift the arctica. These bills will serve as the basis for ness language, and so that, therefore, moratorium. U.S. implementing legislation when the proto­ assures us that scientific research can I support the policies expressed in the col is negotiated and, if need be, can be move forward without any interrup­ Owens resolution. They are a further elabo­ passed separately to establish the highest en­ tion. ration of the same protective policies that the Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, that is vironmental standards for the U.S. Antarctic Congress adopted and were passed into law program. correct, and I thank the gentleman for in the 101st Congress. In the 101st Congress, raising the question to eliminate any I thank Mr. OWENS and Chairman FASCELL we passed legislation to prohibit U.S. citizens for their efforts in behalf of Antarctica, and doubt. from conducting any mineral resource activi­ What the gentleman is actually refer­ urge my colleagues to support House Concur­ ties in Antarctica until an international agree­ rent Resolution 109. ring to is section 2(b), which lists sci­ ment containing an indefinite ban on mining entific research as one of the activities Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I entered in force for the United States. This law yield back the balance of my time. to be conducted in this special protec­ (Public Law 101-594) was sponsored by our tive status which would be given to · The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. sorely missed colleague, Representative Silvio MCNULTY). The question is on the mo­ Antarctica under the Madrid Treaty Conte, a leader in the area of Antarctic envi­ which we are encouraging. tion offered by the gentleman from ronmental protection. President Bush signed Utah [Mr. OWENS], that the House sus­ Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I the Conte bill into law last November, in effect yield back the balance of my time. pend the rules and agree to the concur­ agreeing that Antarctica should be placed off Mr. DE LUGO. Mr. Speaker, I yield rent resolution (H. Con. Res. 109), as limits indefinitely to mineral resource activities. back the balance of my time. amended. In light of this recent history, I do not under­ Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I The question was taken; and (two­ yield myself such time as I may stand why the administration continues to sup­ thirds having voted in favor thereof) consume. port a time-limited moratorium of only 20 to 40 the rules were suspended and the con­ Mr. Speaker, I just want to commend years and why Congress therefore has to reit­ current resolution, as amended, was my close friend, the gentleman from erate its position on Antarctic mining. Regard­ agreed to. Nebraska [Mr. BEREUTER], who is the less of the administration's confusion, Con­ The title of the concurrent resolution ranking member of the subcommittee, gress' message is the same as it was in the was amended so as to read: "Concur­ as well as the chairman of our sub­ last Congress-Antarctica should be dedicated rent resolution commemorating the committee, the gentleman from Penn­ to wilderness protection, international coopera­ thirtieth anniversary of the ratifica­ sylvania [Mr. YATRON]. They have been tion, and scientific research, and not be tion and entry into force of the Ant­ totally supportive and not only that, opened to mining. If the United States would arctic Treaty on June 23, 1991, and en­ innovative and helpful in moving this adopt this position at the Madrid meeting, couraging the United States to support forward. It is a very important resolu­ there is every reason to believe that other efforts to achieve an international tion, and I am grateful that it has treaty parties would go along. It is unfortunate agreement establishing Antarctica as a come to this place with, it appears, that Australia, France, and New Zealand are region closed to commercial minerals total, unanimous support by the House. the principal environmental leaders on this development and related activities for It is very timely that we pass it today issue, and the United States is dragging its at least 99 years at the current meeting because, in essence, the conference in feet. of the parties to the Antarctic Treaty Madrid is concluding today, as I said According to a 1989 report from the Office in Madrid, Spain." earlier, and is passing a resolution it­ of Technology Assessment, there are no A motion to reconsider was laid on self which is consistent and, I think, known commercial deposits of oil, gas, or the table. furthered by this resolution that we other minerals in Antractica. Further, OTA are passing today. found that the technology does not exist to re­ Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, cover minerals safely from this harsh con­ EMERGENCY SUPPLEMENTAL PER­ I rise in support of House Concurrent Resolu­ tinent. Should an oilspill occur, there is no way SIAN GULF REFUGEE ASSIST­ tion 109. House Concurrent Resolution 109 to clean up the oil from the ice and avoid ANCE ACT OF 1991 commemorates the 30th anniversary of the harm to the many and unusual species of ma­ Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I move ratification and entry into force of the Antarctic rine mammals and birds which call Antarctica to suspend the rules and pass the bill Treaty and encourages the United States to home. It makes sense to protect Antarctica (H.R. 2122) to authorize emergency hu­ support an international agreement closing from the risks of commercial development as manitarian assistance for fiscal year Antarctica to commercial minerals develop­ long as these conditions exist and mankind 1991 for Iraqi refugees and other per­ ment for at least 99 years. House Concurrent has no critical need for mineral resources from sons in and around Iraq who are dis­ Resolution 109 was introduced on March 22, the continent. Antarctica is too important a placed as a result of the Persian Gulf 1991, by Representative WAYNE OWENS of platform for global scientific research to de­ conflict. Utah and referred jointly to the Committees on spoil with mining and production facilities. The Clerk read as follows: 9606 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 H.R. 2122 fense Cooperation Account of the United of State; $150 million for international Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep­ States Treasury, the Persian Gulf Regional disaster assistance under the Foreign resentatives of the United States of America in Defense Fund of the United States Treasury, Assistance Act; and $50 million for con­ Congress assembled, or the General Rule of the Treasury. (g) DESIGNATION AS EMERGENCY FOR BUDG­ tributions to international peacekeep­ SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ing activities. This Act may be cl ted as the "Emergency ETARY PURPOSES.-Funds authorized to be Supplemental Persian Gulf Refugee Assist­ appropriated under this section may be des­ This bill would also- ance Act of 1991". ignated emergency requirements pursuant to Allow use of the funds appropriated section 251(b)(2)(D)(i) of the Balanced Budget SEC. 2. EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE FOR REFU· under it for reimbursement of accounts GEES. and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. from which such assistance has already (a) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu­ been provided; There are authorized to be appropriated as ant to the rule, the gentleman from Authorize the temporary lifting of supplemental appropriations for fiscal year California [Mr. BERMAN] will be recog­ the cap on the emergency migration 1991 for emergency humanitarian assistance nized for 20 minutes and the gentleman and refugee assistance account from for Iraqi refugees and other persons in and from Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD] will around Iraq who are displaced as a result of $50 million to $75 million; and the Persian Gulf conflict, and to reimburse be recognized for 20 minutes. Allow provision of assistance only for appropriations accounts from which such as­ The Chair recognizes the gentleman these purposes to countries to which sistance was provided before the date of the from California [Mr. BERMAN]. assistance is ordinarily prohibited. enactment of this Act- Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield This would allow assistance for the (1) up to $150,000,000 for "International Dis­ myself such time as I may consume. purposes of humanitarian relief to aster Assistance" under chapter 9 of part I of Mr. Speaker, from April 18 to 22, I the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961; and Iran, which is host to the majority of traveled with a congressional delega­ Iraqi refugees. (2) up to $200,000,000 for "Migration and tion, ably led by the gentleman from Refugee Assistance" for the Department of This mix of authorities will allow the State. New York [Mr. MCHUGH] to assess the United States, through international (b) EMERGENCY MIGRATION AND REFUGEE predicament and needs of Iraqi refu­ organizations, private voluntary agen­ ASSISTANCE.-For purposes of section 2(c)(2) gees and displaced persons in Turkey cies, and otherwise, to address the vari­ of the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act and in northern Iraq. ety of needs which exists. Only part of of 1962, the limitation on appropriations for What we were able to see was only a the "United States Emergency Refugee and small part of the appalling tragedy the suffering Iraqi population is out­ Migration Assistance Fund" for fiscal year which, by all accounts, has befallen the side its country of nationality, and 1991 shall be deemed to be $75,000,000. people of Iraq. therefore entitled to assistance pro­ (C) CONTRIBUTIONS TO INTERNATIONAL vided by refugee agencies. The re­ PEACEKEEPING ACTIVITIES.-There are au­ What we quickly came to understand was both what an outstanding job the sources authorized for migration and thorized to be appropriated as supplemental refugee assistance will allow that popu­ appropriations for fiscal year 1991 for peace­ international community, led by the keeping activities in the Persian Gulf region United States, has done to respond to lation's needs to be met. and to reimburse accounts for which such ac­ the needs of the people in this area, A population with equally compelling tivities have been funded before the date of and how great a need remains yet to be needs is that of persons still within enactment of this Act up to $50,000,000 for addressed. Iraq. The resources authorized for "Contributions to International Peacekeep­ The magnitude of the suffering and international disaster assistance will ing Activities" for the Department of State. humanitarian needs which we wit­ partially address their needs. (d) OTHER AUTHORITIES.- It was also quite clear during our re­ (1) INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE.­ nessed at first hand was such that it is Amounts obligated for fiscal year 1991 under hard to believe that it represents only cent trip that one of the most compel­ the authority of section 492(b) of the Foreign one part of a much larger humani­ ling needs of refugees and displaced Assistance Act of 1961 to provide inter­ tarian emergency. persons is for basic security. It is also national disaster assistance in connection In addition to visiting, and witness­ clear that, for better or worse, the with the Persian Gulf crisis shall not be ing the plight of, these refugees and United States will not indefinitely as­ counted against the ceiling limitation of displaced persons, we also reviewed the sume a role in keeping the peace, with such section. operations and sites of the United or without allies, unless there is a (2) SPECIAL AUTHORITY.-The value of any transition to a United Nations or other defense articles, defense services, and mili­ States relief effort in the area, spoke tary education and training authorized to be with our military personnel involved in multilateral presence. It is for this rea­ drawndown by the President on April 19, these operations, and met with officials son that our bill includes the resources 1991, under the authority of section including the President and other offi­ for U.S. contributions, through the De­ 506(a)(2)(B) of the Foreign Assistance Act of cials of Turkey, the United States Am­ partment of State, to international 1961 shall not be counted against the ceiling bassador to Turkey, United States peacekeeping activities. limitation of such section. military commanders, and U.N. offi­ We are aware that this is an extraor­ (3) AGRICULTURAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT AND cials, including Prince Sadruddin Aga dinary initiative, and that it rep­ ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1954 (PUBLIC LAW 480).-Not­ withstanding subsections (b) and (c) of sec­ Khan, coordinator of the relief effort. resents an extraordinary amount of re­ tion 412 of the Agricultural Trade Develop­ What we saw and discussed on the sources for a single region. We believe ment and Assistance Act of 1954 or any other border of Iraq and Turkey is, as I said, that it is justified, in part by the spe­ provision of law, funds made available for only one part of the total tragedy. cial role that the United States has as­ any title of such Act by the Rural Develop­ Both further within Iraq, on Iraq's sumed in the region, and in part by the ment, Agriculture, and related Agencies Ap­ southern borders, and in Iran and Saudi extraordinary human needs that must propriations Act, 1991, may be used for pur­ Arabia, are found large populations of be addressed. It is quite clear from poses of title Il of the Agricultural Trade De­ persons displaced from their homes, what we saw, and from what we know velopment and Assistance Act of 1954. (d) WAIVER OF COUNTRY SPECIFIC RESTRIC­ suffering from hunger and medical from public sources of what we were TIONS.-Assistance may be provided under needs, and usually in fear of their safe­ unable to see at firsthand, that the this section notwithstanding any provision ty. Indeed, in Iran the scale of the need is indeed compelling. of law which restricts assistance to particu­ problem is even greater than that on The committee is aware of other lar countries. the Turkish border of Iraq. needs elsewhere in the world, and it is (e) AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS.-Amounts au­ H.R. 2122 would authorize the re­ certainly not our intention to either thorized to be appropriated under this sec­ sources necessary for the United States allow those needs to be ignored as a tion are authorized to remain available until to adequately fulfill its responsibility matter of policy, or to deprive them of expended. (0 SOURCES OF FUNDS.-Notwithstanding in this situation. resources. The people of Liberia, any other provision of law, amounts author­ This bill would authorize appropria­ Sudan, and Somalia appear to be suf­ ized to be appropriated under this section are tions of $200 million for migration and fering equally grave humanitarian authorized to be appropriated from the De- refugee assistance to the Department tragedies, and United States policy will April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9607 undoubtedly continue to seek resources gency humanitarian assistance for fis­ Mr. Speaker, each day, the bitter leg­ to meet their needs. cal year 1991 for Iraqi refugees and acy of Saddam Hussein's atrocities It is to ensure that the present ini­ other persons in and around Iraq who against his fellow man is evidenced by tiative does not detract from our abil­ are displaced as a result of the Persian the suffering of thousands of Iraqi refu­ ity to respond elsewhere that H.R. 2122 Gulf conflict. gees who are mired in squalid refugee includes certain elements not directly Mr. Speaker, this legislation, rep­ camps. This legislation seeks to allevi­ related to needs of Iraqis. resents an effort by the Committee on ate that suffering. Section 2(a) of our bill would allow Foreign Affairs to provide a quick re­ This bill has the support of the ad­ use of the funds authorized to be appro­ sponse to assist refugees in the Persian ministration. It has three important priated under it to reimburse migra­ Gulf, and to provide the administration features. First, it authorizes the appro­ tion and refugee and international dis­ with the flexibility to continue to re­ priation of $400 million in additional aster assistance money that has al­ spond throughout the remainder of this funds for international disaster assist­ ready been used for gulf-related needs. fiscal year as this crisis continues to ance, migration and refugee assistance, This would ensure that the capacity of unfold. and peacekeeping activities in the Per­ these accounts to address needs else­ This bill was drafted after an in­ sian Gulf region. where would be restored. depth hearing where testimony was These funds may be appropriated, at Section 2(b) of our bill would tempo­ heard from the executive branch, non­ the discretion of the executive branch, rarily lift the ceiling on funds which government relief organizations active from three different sources: The de­ may be held in the emergency migra­ in the region, and Members of Congress fense cooperation account, which was tion and refugee fund [ERMA] at any who traveled to the region to witness established as the repository of foreign one time from $50 million to $75 mil­ the human devastation. The assess:.. contributions to the Persian Gulf war lion. Our bill would also leave ERMA ment of the Speaker's delegation, in­ effort; the Persian Gulf regional de­ free to respond to other needs by pro­ cluding that of the distinguished spon­ viding sufficient authorizations to fense fund, for which $15 billion was ap­ sor of this bill, the gentleman from propriated in early April; and the gen­ meet Iraqi needs through the migra­ California, is that generous relief is tion and refugee assistance and inter­ eral fund of the Treasury. Any appro­ needed on an urgent basis. priations from the sources may be des­ national disaster assistance accounts. Nongovernment organizations have Although ERMA is a permanently au­ ignated as emergency expenditures and estimated that this crisis will cost the are therefore budget-neutral. thorized fund, and we do not authorize international community upward of Sl appropriations for it, we trust that the Second, the bill raises the statutory billion before the dying will stop. ceilings on the amounts of inter­ Appropriations Committee will ap­ Given such assessments. I believe that prove a level up to the new ceiling for this bill is a realistic measure to au­ national disaster assistance, emer­ that account. thorize U.S. funding for the remainder gency migration and refugee assist­ The administration's request for sup­ of the fiscal year. ance, and military supplies and serv­ plemental appropriations, dated April H.R. 2122 provides up to $400 million ices that can be made available in fis­ 25, is for a total amount of $150 million. in urgent authorities for: migration cal year 1991. Our bill's authorized level of $400 mil­ and refugee assistance, disaster assist­ Third, the bill provides authority to lion is designed to provide room for ance, and international peacekeeping increase the amount of funds available that and any further appropriations authorities. It also temporarily raises to provide food aid to the refugees. which may be requested for these pur­ the ceiling on the emergency refugee Mr. Speaker, this legislation could poses for fiscal year 1991. In the event and migration acccount so that this ac­ not be more timely. I call on Members that the level we authorize is not nec­ count may be reimbursed for the to support its swift passage. essary, I am sure that we will all be de­ drawdowns already made on behalf of Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the lighted, not only at the fiscal implica­ the Persian Gulf refugees. A replenish­ distinguished gentleman from New tions of that, but also at the improve­ ment of this account would enable the York [Mr. GILMAN]. ment in the humanitarian situation Department of State to continue to re­ Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to which that would suggest. spond to the situation in the Persian express my strong support for H.R. Finally, I would like to express ap­ Gulf as well as fund other dire refugee 2122, a bill authorizing emergency hu­ preciation to those colleagues with situations in other parts of the world. manitarian assistance for fiscal year whom I was privileged to travel to the The authorities in this bill will enable 1991 for Iraqi refugees and other per­ region, our delegation leader, Mr. the United States to respond with di­ sons in and around Iraq who are dis­ MCHUGH, Mrs. ROUKEMA, Mr. HALL of rect aid, or by contributing to the nu­ placed as a result of the Persian Gulf Ohio, and Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. merous appeals from international or­ conflict. Their observations and insights con­ ganizations, already in excess of $700 I commend the gentleman from Cali­ tributed immeasurably to my under­ million. fornia [Mr. BERMAN], the distinguished standing of the situation. The administration has made it clear chairman of our Foreign Affairs Com­ I am happy to note that the adminis­ that is expects to turn the duties of ad­ mittee the gentleman from Florida tration supports this legislation. ministering refugee camps and protect­ [Mr. F ASCELL], the distinguished rank­ Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield ing refugee populations over to the ing Republican member the gentleman such time as he may consume to the United Nations. To assist in that proc­ from Michigan [Mr. BROOMFIELD], and chairman of the Committee on Foreign ess, this bill includes $50 million in new the chairman of our Subcommittee on Affairs, the gentleman from Florida authority for international peacekeep­ Europe and the Middle East, the gen­ [Mr. FASCELL] , who set the hearing and ing activities. Finally, this bill pro­ tleman from Indiana [Mr. HAMILTON] movement on this legislation as soon vides that the defense cooperation ac­ for their outstanding, expeditious work as we came back from our trip. count and the Persian Gulf regional de­ on this critically needed and important Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I thank fense fund may be sources of funding measure. the subcommittee chairman for yield­ for these humanitarian assistance Mr. Speaker, this measure comes at a ing me some time. measures. time when, over 1 million Kurdish refu­ Mr. Speaker, I want to take a mo­ I urge my colleagues to support this gees are seeking safe haven from the ment to simply express my apprecia­ legislation. barbarity of Saddam Hussein's forces tion to the delegation that went to in Iraq. Many of the encampments cre­ view firsthand this very difficult si tua­ D 1320 ated by our allied forces are lacking in tion. Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I even the most rudimentary sanitary Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support yield myself such time as I may provisions: no latrines, no camp reg­ of H.R. 2122, a bill authorizing emer- consume. istration, and no proper medical per- 9608 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 sonnel or . supplies to care for the immediate assistance, but also from possible, policy language we discussed wounded. the long-term perspective of the people in the committee had to be deleted. This measure will provide up to $150 in that group who cannot be repatri­ For example, I had an amendment that million for international disaster as­ ated because of some special problems would have required Iraqi war repara­ sistance and up to $200 million for mi­ they might have and the people in that tions be used to help pay for this as­ gration and refugee assistance. In addi­ group we may have a special relation­ sistance to Kurdish and other refugees. tion, a number of other provisions have ship to by reason of their actions on As citizens of Iraq, they should benefit been made for additional funding from behalf of the United States. from their Government's expenditures, a variety of other sources. As a result of that team effort, the particularly since, to date, they have It is also necessary for us to remem­ GAO will report back to us, and we in only suffered at the hands of Saddam ber that there are 12,000 Assyrian turn will report to Members here in the Hussein's regime. Iraq's resources Christians, as well as other minorities House on just what responsibilities the should be used to help its citizens, not such as Chaldeans and Turkomans, who United States might have under the harm them. As I said, I hope we can also continue to suffer from Saddam 1980 Refugee Act. positively address this and other im­ Hussein's brutal and vicious tactics. It We know, unfortunately, that the portant policy issues in the very near is my sincere hope that this measure 1980 act has not been extended or reau­ future. will be a step toward ameliorating the thorized for several years. It has been Nevertheless, I strongly support this living conditions of all of these refu­ continued via the appropriations proc­ bill today and commend my colleagues, gees. ess. I am hopeful that this year we DANTE FASCELL, HOWARD BERMAN, According, Mr. Speaker, I urge the might be able to reauthorize the Refu­ MATT MCHUGH, BILL BROOMFIELD, causes to full support this measure. gee Act. OLYMPIA SNOWE, BEN GILMAN, MARGE Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 Mr. Speaker, in any event, this bill ROUKEMA, and CHRIS SMITH for taking minutes to the gentleman from Ken­ before us is important, because it ad­ the lead and bringing this measure to tucky [Mr. MAZZOLI], the chairman of dresses the plight of the refugees the floor. the Subcommittee on Immigration, today. It helps relieve their misery and Refugees, and International Law. put them into more habitable settings. 0 1330 Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I thank But in the long run, there will be other Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 the gentleman from California for responsibilities we will have to address. minutes to the gentleman from New yielding me this time. Let me salute I am looking forward to working with York [Mr. MCHUGH] who, in addition to the gentleman, as others have, on his the gentleman from California [Mr. being a member of the Subcommittee outstanding work, both as a member of BERMAN], and others, in fulfilling those on Foreign Operations that will soon the Committee on the Judiciary, and other additional responsibilities. be considering appropriations under also as a leading member of the House Mr. Speaker, I support the bill, and I this legislation, also led the delegation Committee on Foreign Affairs, for his hope that it has immediate and unani­ to visit these refugee camps. work today. mous support. Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I want to Mr. Speaker, I also commend the Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California gentleman from Michigan [Mr. BROOM­ yield 3 minutes to the distinguished not only for yielding time to me but FIELD], and the gentleman from Cali­ gentleman from California [Mr. LAGO­ for his leadership on this legislation. fornia [Mr. LAGOMARSINO], and others. MARSINO]. He and I, as well as Representatives Mr. Speaker, this bill before us is a Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I MARGE ROUKEMA, TONY HALL, and very important piece of legislation. I rise in support of this bill which I have CHRIS SMITH, had the opportunity of salute the committees for having also cosponsored authorizing emer­ the request of the Speaker within the moved it very quickly. gency humanitarian assistance for last 10 days to visit the Iraqi-Turkish As the gentleman from California Iraqi refugees and other persons in and border areas and see the human trag­ [Mr. BERMAN] has said, this bill pro­ around Iraq who are displaced as a re­ edy that has been unfolding there. vides over $400 million in immediate sult of the Persian Gulf conflict. Clear­ We have all observed on television assistance to the refugees who are liv­ ly, from the testimony the Foreign Af­ these compelling pictures of families, ing in these terrible conditions in Iraq fairs Committee has heard, especially from very young babies to grand­ and other parts of the Middle East. It from the congressional delegation, and parents, suffering under horrendous provides assistance through the United from the very moving pictures on tele­ conditions. To visit these locations Nations. It provides assistance through vision and in the newspapers, it is clear personally one can fully appreciate the other multinational disaster relief beyond a doubt that these innocent ref­ individual suffering, and also the re­ agencies. It helps provide money for ugees-Saddam Hussein's latest vic­ mote and rugged locations in which the peacekeeping effort, and it cer­ tims-need help and need it right now. these people are struggling to survive. tainly does a very commendable job of I am encouraged that the Bush ad­ It is truly a moving experience, and it trying to assist in place, trying to re­ ministration has already answered the is important for us to respond to this lieve the current plight of these people. calls for help from Iraqi Kurds, Shiites human crisis as quickly and as ful­ Mr. Speaker, as the gentleman from and others by providing both humani­ somely as we can. In this conclusion, I California [Mr. BERMAN] and I both tarian assistance and creating special want to commend the Committee on know, the issue goes beyond immediate safe-haven enclaves where these refu­ Foreign Affairs for moving so promptly assistance to ·the refugees. We hope, gees are protected from Saddam Hus­ on a bipartisan basis, and I urge my and it does appear to be somewhat pos­ sein's terror squads. And, as I person­ colleagues to support this legislation. sible, that most of these people can be ally witnessed during my recent trip to The delegation which I had the privi­ repatriated, go back to their home vil­ Kuwait, Saddam Hussein's brutality is lege to lead at the Speaker's request lages, where they would be protected real and deadly. Today's legislation al­ reached a number of conclusions, one from any retribution, and where they lows for additional assistance to be of which was that President Bush made could resume the threads of their life provided, including funds for much the right decision in authorizing Amer­ that have been exploded by this gulf needed peacekeeping activities. ican military forces to undertake this war. While I support this measure and humanitarian effort. Not only are But there may be some who cannot urge its immediate adoption, I do hope there an enormous number of refugees be repatriated. As a result, we are that it can be followed up with another who seem to have been dropped on sending over pursuant to my request a bill including needed policy language. I these rugged mountains, which are team from the General Accounting Of­ recognize that to pass this critical au­ comparable to the Alps, but they gath­ fice to take a look at the refugee mat­ thorization bill as expeditiously as pos­ ered in a matter of days, overwhelming ter, not just from the perspective of sible and with as little controversy as the capacity of neighboring govern- April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9609 ments and humanitarian relief agen­ House leadership delegation, led by 0 1340 cies to respond. Only the U.S. military, Representative MATI' MCHUGH. Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield The name Operation Provide Comfort with the help of some of our coalition 21/2 minutes to the gentleman from partners, could have delivered the ur­ is a misnomer. The United States is Ohio [Mr. HALL]. gent humanitarian relief which is nec­ not there to provide comfort but rather Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I essary, and even then doctors who have to establish a life support system for rise in support of H.R. 2122. I commend gone into these areas project that peo­ the hundreds of thousands of Kurdish the gentleman from California [Mr. ple are still dying on an average of be­ refugees who fled the brutal oppression BERMAN], for introducing this impor­ tween 400 and 1,000 a day. of Saddam Hussein. This is just the lat­ tant piece of legislation to authorize It is critically important not only to est episode in a long history of nation­ emergency assistance for the Iraqi ref­ provide this relief, but to get these peo­ alistic and ethnic hatred of the Kurdish ugees. I also want to thank the Foreign ple off the mountains into the tem­ people. As we viewed it last week, con­ Affairs Committee for reporting this porary camps in low-lying areas. We ditions were deteriorating rapidly and, supplemental authorization which will have been assuming the primary re­ if left unattended, would have acceler­ be an important step in helping to alle­ sponsibility for doing that. It costs ated and grown exponentially with viate the suffering I and four of my col­ money. About a week ago when our massive starvation, disease, and death. leagues witnessed on our recent trip to delegation returned from that region, Absent the swift actions of President the refugee. camps at the Turkish bor­ our Government had already spent Bush in providing assistance, the situa­ der. about $133 million in this effort. We tion had the potential for a genocidal This legislation authorizing supple­ need to restore that money. There are catastrophe. mental funds for the Iraqi refugees will other problems in the world to which Phase 1 of our relief effort is the im­ be a valuable contribution to the excel­ we and the international community mediate delivery of emergency supplies lent relief efforts currently being un­ must attend. in an effort to stave off disease and dertaken by the United States mili­ death. Phase 2 is the relocation of the tary. As we saw during our trip, it is Therefore, this legislation is impor­ refugees to these safe haven camps es­ tant as an initial, critical response to vital to continue the relief operations tablished by the U.S. military. As now underway to move the refugees restore what we have already incurred these efforts get underway, I want to by way of expense in this humanitarian from the mountaintops, to more acces­ address two areas lacking attention as sible areas where they can receive the effort. I witnessed during my visit. Our delegation also concluded that necessary food and medical assistance. Al though foodstuffs in general are This supplemental is particularly im­ this humanitarian effort should be un­ lacking, particularly distressing is the dertaken as soon as possible by the portant, not only because of the Kurd­ fact that there is no distribution of ish refugee crisis, but because of all the international community, primarily by prepared infant formula. Mothers are the United Nations and other inter­ other pressing refugee problems around no longer lactating and the babies can­ the world which are all competing for national relief organizations. Our mili­ not digest the jarred baby food that tary is not a humanitarian relief orga­ our scarce resources. Right now in the has been provided to the camps. In the Sudan, around 10 million people are nization, but if we expect these tradi­ Kurdish culture it is not uncommon to now at risk of starvation. People are tional relief agencies to take over this find a mother who breast feeds her already dying there, and large numbers effort, it is important that they get the children up to 2 years old. Therefore, of deaths can be expected soon. There­ kind of financial support that is nec­ we must provide prepared infant for­ fore, it is critical that we provide these essary, not just from the United States mula. Toward that end, I have person­ additional funds for the Iraqi refugees but from other countries. This bill will ally spoken with Dr. Ronald Roskens, and not deplete the emergency re­ make that kind of contribution pos­ the Administrator of the Agency for sources for Africa. sible. International Development, to stress I would also like to underline the im­ For all of these reasons, Mr. Speaker, the importance of this. portance of the waiver of country spe­ I want to commend the committee for Dr. Roskins also assured me that cific restrictions in the bill. This is its fine work. My hope is that the Ap­ basic staples will be on the way. Name­ vital regarding assistance to Iran, propriations Committee on which I ly, wheat, rice, and other high protein which is now facing a larger influx of served will respond quickly as well, as foods available under the Public Law Iraqi refugees than Turkey. There are I think we will. I urge my colleagues to 480, Food for Peace Program. reports of over 1 million refugees inside support this legislation. It also pains me to report that medi­ Iran, with another 500,000 to 800,000 Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I cal care is grossly inadequate. We must along the border. yield 3 minutes to the distinguished provide the resources to bring in medi­ I urge my colleagues to support this gentlewoman from New Jersey [Mrs. cal experts immediately. While medical resolution and support the Iraqi refu­ ROUKEMA] who was a part of the con­ supplies are in seriously short supply. gees. gressional delegation who went along some vaccines and antibiotics have Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I with the gentleman from New York made it to the mountain regions. How­ yield 5 minutes to the distinguished [Mr. MCHUGH] to northern Iraq to visit ever, these camps need the medical gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. the Kurdish refugees. personnel to deliver care. Smith], who also accompanied the gen­ Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, I Finally, Mr. Speaker, I cannot em­ tleman from New York [Mr. MCHUGH] thank my colleague for yielding me phasize enough that the U.S. militarJ on the recent trip to northern Iraq. this time. should not be in the long-term business Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Mr. Speaker, this morning as I of operating refugee camps. Make no Speaker, I rise in strong support of the picked up my New York Times, I no­ mistake, our service people are to be Emergency Supplemental Persian Gulf ticed on the front page a picture of a commended for their swift and profes­ Refugee Assistance Act of 1991 which small Kurdish girl. The child was sional efforts. However, it is the United will authorize $400 million in aid to the riding on what appeared to be a United Nations that is the appropriate organi­ refugees including the Kurdish popu­ States military vehicle as it carried zation to run these camps and provide lation displaced by Saddam Hussein her to the newly established "safe ha­ protection for the Kurdish people. The and his government. The administra­ vens" in the Iraqi city of Zakho. The United States should be out of Iraq as tion, as well, is in strong support of joy in her face and those riding with soon as possible. this measure. her was heartwarming. It was also in Mr. Speaker, I support this emer­ At the Speaker's behest, I had the stark contrast to the horrors of the gency relief package under consider­ privilege of joining my colleagues, the mountain refugee camps that we vis­ ation today and I urge my colleagues gentleman from New York [Mr. ited last weekend as members of the to vote in favor of it. MCHUGH], the gentleman from Ohio 9610 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 [Mr. HALL], the gentleman from Cali­ are 7 to 10 deaths each day for every Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, I fornia [Mr. BERMAN], and the gentle­ 10,000 refugees. Thankfully the number strongly support the emergency aid to woman from New Jersey [Mrs. Rou­ has been mitigated. Iraqi refugees. I wish to strongly com­ KEMA], on a 5-day factfinding mission Many victims, I would point out, are mend the gentleman from Florida [Mr. to assess the Iraqi refugee crisis and ef­ children, and babies are especially vul­ FAS CELL], chairman of the full commit­ forts underway to help the Kurdish nerable. tee, the gentleman from California people. Upon our return, in testimony Mr. Speaker, the troops that are en­ [Mr. BERMAN], and the gentlewoman before the Committee on Foreign Af­ gaged in the intensive and heroic mis­ from New Jersey [Mrs. ROUKEMA] on fairs and in meetings with Deputy Sec­ sion to stabilize the refugee population the minority side for their splendid and retary of State Lawrence Eagleburger, ought to be congratulated by this body enthusiastic support. we urged the Congress and the adminis­ for their outstanding efforts. Mr. Speaker, words and deeds have tration to proceed quickly on the re­ The initial results are no less spec­ consequences. When our President ex­ quest for additional humanitarian aid tacular than those achieved in Oper­ horts the Iraqis to rise up and throw and to do so without diminishing the ation Desert Storm. out their depraved leader and when our important work in our commitment to Mr. Speaker, as the immediate ef­ country, in a correct decision, work with such refugee assistance in forts to stop the dying and suffering unleashes a hail of bombs on that be­ Africa and other parts of the world, continue, the United States must be leaguered country, those words and and move quickly they have, as evi­ committed and is committed to its pri­ deeds have consequences. They are rea­ denced by this bill. ority of relocating the refugees from sonably predictable consequences. For Mr. Speaker, the explosion of dis­ their often inaccessible mountain us at the end of the 100-hour war to placed persons inside Iraq and the hun­ campsites to the lower terrain where want to turn our backs and walk away dreds of thousands of refugees fleeing they can be adequately cared for and from the scene and get the troops home into Turkey and Iran is unprecedented before we have adequately evaluated in modern history. Within a span of 2 shielded from the elements. Providing the needed protection to encourage the postwar challenge in that area does or 3 days in early April, hundreds of not show America in its best light. thousands of Iraqis fled their homes in families to continue their return is un­ doubtedly one of the greatest chal­ There was a vacuum there, and thank a desperate attempt to escape the bru­ the Lord the Commitee on Foreign Af­ tality of Saddam Hussein. I will point lenges of all. The refugees look to the United States and they look to our al­ fairs, the gentleman from California out that none of the experts in the [Mr. BERMAN], and the gentleman from international relief community antici­ lied partners to be their guarantors against renewed savagery by Saddam Florida [Mr. FASCELL] and the distin­ pated the magnitude nor the rapidity guished minority supporters met that of the exodus. All were caught off Hussein. Mr. Speaker, the provision of refugee vacuum and came in with a fine pro­ guard. gram for emergency aid to Iraq. Mr. Speaker, it became very clear to assistance contained in this bill is ab­ solutely necessary, and I hope we get a But there is yet much more to be me during the visit that two events done. Mr. Speaker, I have talked to the were instrumental in beginning to alle­ unanimous vote in favor of it. gentleman from California [Mr. BER­ viate the suffering of Iraqi refugees. Finally, I would like to thank the MAN], and I know how deeply he feels The first was Secretary of State gentleman from California [Mr. BER­ about the essential need for an arms­ Baker's trip to the area of April 7 and MAN] for his responsiveness in helping denial program for the Middle East, to 8 which galvanized the administration to bring this legislation to the floor. It create some of the conditions for peace and the world into according higher was a real honor and a privilege to there and prevent vast imports into the priority to the refugee situation, and travel with the other four members of area of weapons of mass destruction to the second was President Bush's deci­ this delegation led by the gentleman be used all too frequently by despots, sion to fly United States military from New York [Mr. MCHUGH] and the by authoritarians, and states that do forces to Turkey to take charge of the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. HALL] and not have the remotest semblance of de­ relief operations. These operations, as the gentlewoman from New Jersey mocracy. we saw firsthand, have proven to be ab­ [Mrs. ROUKEMA] and, of course, the gen­ solutely essential in preventing a trag­ tleman from California [Mr. BERMAN]. I D 1350 edy of even greater catastrophic pro­ think we worked in an extraordinarily The second challenge that I hope and portions. bipartisan way. I am confident that the Committee on Mr. Speaker, thousands would have We were there to assess the situa­ Foreign Affairs will take up is the died but for the U.S. military's rapid tion, to try to glean as quickly as we challenge of putting together a re­ response to the crisis. Mr. Speaker, the could during the visit what was truly gional development program to bring allied provision of security for the ref­ going on and how we might be a part of science and technology and aid to the ugees in the north of Iraq and the with­ the effort to make it better. countries of the Middle East that do drawal of Iraqi troops has clearly eased Also, I want to commend our excel­ not have the wherewithal to develop fears, and the refugees are beginning to lent staff who were on board who pro­ their resources now. return to their homes. Without the vided us with a tremendous amount of I hope that our Nation will encourage confidence of our security, however, assistance including our own staffer, the countries of the Persian Gulf, espe­ and the need of that security, the refu­ David Laufman, who was a very valu­ cially Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, to gees will understandably not be willing able addition to the delegation. reach into their pockets, and give of to endanger their families and venture I would also like to thank the gen­ their resources to help achieve a great­ back to their villages and their homes. tleman from Illinois [Mr. MICHEL] and er degree of well-being and improved Mr. Speaker, the crisis in the refugee the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. standard of living, improved joint co­ camps that we visited in Cukurca can­ BROOMFIELD] for recommending the operation in the area. That could be not be overstated. At the refugee camp gentlewoman from New Jersey [Mrs. the precursor to peace between the there and elsewhere, disease has been ROUKEMA] and I make this trip as a Arabs and the Israelis. rampant, a circumstance that is espe­ part of the Speaker's delegation. Right now, we seek to alleviate im­ cially chilling in light of the fact that Mr. Speaker, I urge passage. mense human suffering. over 50 percent of the refugee popu­ Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I Our reaction to the plight of the lation is comprised of children under have no further requests for time, and Iraqi refugees, the Kurds and the Shias the age of 12. I yield back the balance of my time. has been sadly deficient. Officials of the U.N. High Commis­ Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield We must reclaim the moral high­ sioner for Refugees reported in their 31/2 minutes to the gentleman from New ground, answer our obligations, and handouts to us in Geneva that there York [Mr. SCHEUER]. provide protection and aid to these April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9611 brave peoples, and we must answer our As a member of the House Select Commit­ this legislation with representatives of the critics who say this war was fought tee on Hunger, I caution us not to let our ac­ Agency for International Development and are only for oil. The Kurds and the Shias tions here today on behalf of the Iraqi refu­ fully supportive of the legislation. answer to President Bush's exhor­ gees minimize the need to act on other critical Mr. Speaker, this provision makes a nec­ tations for the overthrow of Saddam refugee situations throughout the world, espe­ essary change in the existing limits on the Hussein, brought down the wrath of cially in the Horn of Africa. Chairman TONY transfer of funds within the Food for Peace Saddam Hussein's murderous army on HALL has worked tirelessly on behalf of the Program. top of them. To escape massacre, the world's refugees and recently traveled to the Section 412(c) of the Agriculture Trade De­ Kurds fled on a death march through Iraq-Turkey border to observe the refugee sit­ velopment and Assistance Act of 1954 pro­ the frozen, muddied mountain passes. uation firsthand. Representative DORGAN has vides that up to 15 percent of the funds avail­ We must not, can not, and will not also taken a keen interest in the refugee situa­ able in any fiscal year for carrying out any title turn our backs on the desperate state tion in east Africa. I applaud their efforts. of the act may be used to carry out any other of these refugees. Passage of this aid Again, I commend the Foreign Affairs Com­ title of the act. Section 412(b) of the act also package is but a drop in the bucket, mittee for bringing this situation to our atten­ requires that of the total amount of funds but a much-needed drop. tion and expediting the passage of this critical made available for titles I and 111, not less than Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield legislation. 40 percent of such funds shall be allocated to myself such time as I may consume to Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong title I and not less than 40 percent shall be al­ add that the gentleman from New York support of this legislation to provide des­ located to title 111. has raised some very important broad­ perately needed emergency assistance to the Finally, I would also note that the Rural De­ er geopolitical questions surrounding refugees fleeing Saddam Hussein's brutality in velopment, Agriculture, and Related Agencies Iraq. this issue, and there are important Appropriations Act for fiscal year 1991-Public Approximately 850,000 Kurdish refugees are questions. The use of our military for Law 101-506-prohibits the use of more than now stranded on the Iraq/Turkey border, and humanitarian purposes, the philosophi­ 10 percent of the funds made available to more than 1.5 million Kurds have fled to areas cal underpinnings of our refugee policy, along the border with Iran. carry out any title of the act to carry out any and the extent to which that has In addition to these Kurdish refugees, there other title of the act. worked in the past, the very important are also 100,000 Iraqi Shiites who have fled The increased flexibility provided by H.R. question of whether or not our goals southern lraq--mostly into Iran and the allied­ 2122 will not affect already planned title I and here can be met with Saddam still in controlled zones where they are being fed and title Ill programs. Transfer of the unallocated power, but we cannot let any of those sheltered by United States forces. funds from these programs, however, together broader questions stop the United Mr. Speaker, we have all seen the news re­ with the availability of wheat from the Food States or cause the United States to ports about the desperate conditions under Security Wheat Reserve, will help tremen­ get caught up in a failure to act about which these refugees are now living. Their sit­ dously in addressing the increasing food what we know to be the desperate need uation is dire-they face malnutrition, disease, needs of those facing emergency political, that exists now. and completely inadequate living conditions. economic, and natural disaster situations. This bill provides the framework for Some reports indicate that thousands may be The authorizing committees of jurisdiction this Congress helping the administra­ dying each day. This human tragedy demands are pleased to address these concerns tion to meet that need. I think it is a response from the international community through this legislation. very important that we do so. and from the United States. I commend Congressman BERMAN and our Mr. PENNY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong This legislation-of which I am proud to be colleagues at the Committee on Foreign Af­ support of this legislation authorizing emer­ an original cosponsor-authorizes over $400 fairs for their initiative to help the Kurdish peo­ gency aid for Iraqi refugees. million in emergency assistance to Iraqi refu­ ple. The refugee situations on both the northern gees in and around Iraq. Most of this assist­ Mr. Speaker, H.R. 2122 deserves the sup­ and southern borders of Iraq are unprece­ ance is in the form of aid to United Nations re­ port of each Member of the House. dented. The number of Kurds fleeing into such lief agencies or for other international disaster Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in sup­ dangerous terrain and unfavorable weather relief activities. The bill also permits the trans­ port of emergency aid for those Iraqis now conditions illustrates the political reasons for fer of additional food assistance from the Food facing starvation and disease after fleeing the refugee situations and the fear these people for Peace Program to the refugee zones in brutal campaign of repression carried out by have of Saddam Hussein. and around Iraq. Saddam Hussein. We responded to the invasion of Kuwait and Mr. Speaker, this is not the first time these In the wake of our military victory, we are now we must respond to the human injustice people have suffered as a result of Saddam beginning to comprehend the long-term costs the Kurds are trying to escape. Our efforts, al­ Hussein's tyranny. Over the last decade, they associated with Operation Desert Storm. though too late for some Kurdish refugees, have felt political repression, egregious human Over the last few weeks, people throughout many of them children, must continue at all ur­ rights abuses, and even chemical attacks by the United States and the world have seen the gency to help the thousands of other Kurdish the Iraqi Government. These beleaguered ref­ images of pain and suffering occurring along refugees still caught in the refugee crisis. As ugees have suffered enough. Iraq's borders with Turkey and Iran. They world leaders we have the responsibility to I strongly support this legislation and urge have been moved deeply by the sight of men protect the human rights of these people. The my colleagues to join with me and the other and women burying their children. Families need for shelter, food, medical supplies, water, cosponsors in approving this desperately striving to survive on the limited supplies they adequate clothing, and manpower with the needed relief. could carry on their backs as they fled. And necessary skills to help the refugees cannot Mr. DE LA GARZA. Mr. Speaker, I rise in the omnipresent anguish on the faces of be underestimated. support of H.R. 2122, a bill to provide emer­ young and old alike. As we all are aware, refugee camps are gency assistance to the Kurdish people. True to our Nation's spirit of compassion for being established in the northern areas of This legislation was jointly referred to the the oppressed, U.S. military personnel along Iraq. We must not abandon these people once Committee on Agriculture because it contains with our coalition partners are establishing the camps are established. They have many a provision which provides more flexibility to safety zones and refugee camps. At the same obstacles before them as they seek to resettle transfer funds from other titles of the Food for time, the distribution of direly needed food and permanently. Safety and security must be en­ Peace Act-Public Law 480-to title 11 of that medical assistance has begun. sured for these people for we have seen the act for emergency feeding programs during While we must provide immediate aid for destruction the Iraqi leaders can bestow on in­ fiscal year 1991 . those in need, we must also begin the task of nocent people. We hope the United Nations In order to accommodate expeditious action creating a stable environment which will allow and the international community will accept by the House on this legislation, the Commit­ for the pullout of our troops. We must also en­ their responsibilities to help the refugees with tee on Agriculture did not schedule a public sure that the burden of our aid and diplomatic basic life support, resettlement assistance, hearing or markup on this legislation. How­ efforts are shared equally by our coalition part­ and security. ever, we have discussed in full the need for ners. 9612 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to I am pleased the president, at congressional requests to find out about travel in not only acknowledge and commend the Con­ urging, has involved our Armed Forces in the these two branches. gress' support for the Iraqi refugees but to effort to protect the Kurds and other refugees Most Americans would be surprised also remind my fellow members of the ques­ and assist emergency relief supplies in getting to learn that the travel expenses of the tions that still remain about the political future through to where they are so desperately entire legislative branch, including the of this dangerous situation. needed. But clearly, the catastrophic situation GAO and the Library of Congress, are There is no question in any of our minds faced by these long-suffering people urgently less than four-tenths of 1 percent of all that what the Kurdish and Shiite refugees demands the additional assistance provided Federal travel expenses. Total legisla­ need at this very minute is the food, shelter for in this legislation. tive branch travel expenses, including and security that our forces and our efforts are Unquestionably, difficult policy choices re­ Members travel back to their districts providing. This aid will cement our support to main about how to safeguard the Iraqi Kurdish to meet with constituents, is $27 mil­ stop the slaughter by the Iraqi troops of these population over the long term. I share the con­ lion. refugees. These brave citizens of the new cerns of many of my colleagues that United This is only half the size of the travel world order answered the call to arms to over­ States forces not be caught in a permanent budget of the judicial branch, $54 mil­ throw the dictatorship of Saddam Hussein. As holding pattern to protect Iraqi minorities, who lion, and is less than half the size of the Iraqi troops reorganized, these patriots of will never be safe so long as Saddam Hussein the travel budget of the Executive Of­ their cause, their wives and their children were remains in power. I welcome the moves from fice of the President alone, $62 million. murdered for standing up for freedom in Iraq. the United Nations indicating it will soon take One has to wonder where all these In the mountains of the Turkish and Iranian greater responsibility for administering the ref­ judges and Presidential employees are border, we are now faced with the prospect of ugee facilities. traveling to. But regardless of whatever thorny policy over 3 million refugees, forced out of their Congressional travel is fully docu­ questions may arise, the human tradegy that towns and villages in order that they could mented every quarter in the CONGRES­ presently exists requires humanitarian action. protect their families and their future from SIONAL RECORD and the Clerk's report. I once again commend the authors of this complete eradication by Saddam Hussein. The Public disclosure can deter trips which legislation, and urge its unanimous accept­ aid we are providing will stop the 500 to 1,000 are not really necessary, and can help ance by my colleagues. men, women, and children who were dying explain to the public why some travel Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have no is necessary. every day. Yet, much will be left to do. further requests for time, and I yield Our efforts have mainly concentrated on the My bill, H.R. 461, the Federal Govern­ back the balance of my time. ment Foreign Travel Accountability Turkish and Iraqi border areas. There are over The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. a million and a half people on the Iranian bor­ Act, would bring the executive and ju­ MCNULTY). The question is on the mo­ dicial branches of Government under der who are just barely beginning to receive tion offered by the gentleman from aid. We need to encourage the relief efforts to the same kind of public disclosure the California [Mr. BERMAN] that t:Q.e legislative branch has operated under concentrate in this previously forgotten area. House suspend the rules· and pass the However, of dire importance is a lasting politi­ for years. bill, H.R. 2122. I include for my colleagues a sum­ cal solution in the area. The Kurdish and Shi­ The question was taken; and (two­ ite refugees in the region will not feel secure, mary of H.R. 461, and a table detailing thirds having voted in favor thereof) Federal travel costs by agency. and have no reason to feel secure until the the rules were suspended and the bill threat of Saddam Hussein has been removed H.R. 461-FEDERAL GOVERNMENT FOREIGN was passed. TRAVEL ACCOUNTABILITY ACT or extinguished. The international community A motion to reconsider was laid on needs to provide these people with a set of Section 1: Title-Federal Government For­ the table. eign Travel Accountability Act. guarantees that will assure them of their con­ Section 2: Special travel line items-No tinued safety and stability. As we encourage funds may be spent for foreign travel other settlement of the political situation in the Pal­ GENERAL LEAVE than from accounts specifically appropriated estinian/Israeli question let us also take up the Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask by law for such purpose, i.e. there must be a instability of Iraq. unanimous consent that all Members specific budgetary line item, and travel Again, I commend the efforts of Chairman may have 5 legislative days within funds cannot be hidden in the budget of an­ FASCELL and the Foreign Affairs Committee to other agency. which to revise and extend their re­ Section 3: Foreign Travel Supervisors aid the Iraqi refugees. It is important that this marks on H.R. 2122, the bill just passed. [FTS]-Each department, agency and entity Congress take the lead and initiative to help The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there must designate a foreign travel supervisor. those who are in such dire need. I urge my objection to the request of the gen­ Section 4: Restrictions on Foreign Travel­ fellow members to support this vital measure. tleman from California? Executive & Judicial Branches: (1) Must be Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise There was no objection. approved in advance by the FTS; (2) Must be in strong support of the Emergency Supple­ by most economical means possible: (3) Must ment Iraqi Refugee Assistance Act of 1991, be by U.S. carrier unless the FTS determines GOVERNMENT TRAVEL REFORM that an alternative is more economical. and commend Chairman FASCELL and Sub­ Legislative Branch: (1) Must be approved in committee Chairman HOWARD BERMAN for the (Mr. KANJORSKI asked and was advance by recorded vote of committee; (2) appropriate speed with which this bill has given permission to address the House Must be by most economical means possible; been moved to the floor. for 1 minute and to revise and extend (3) Must be by U.S. carrier unless the com­ The horror of the human suffering on the his remarks and include extraneous mittee determines an alternative is more ec­ Iraqi-Turkish border demands immediate and matter.) onomical. effective action. It is tragic that the President Mr. KANJORSKI. Mr. Speaker, for a Section 5: Executive & Judicial Guidelines & Reporting: (1) FTS establishes guidelines did not take earlier action in an attempt to pre­ number of years Members of Congress to prevent duplicative and unnecessary trips; vent this catastrophe. The assistance we air have been taken to task by the press (2) Quarterly reports are filed on all travel prove today will not help the thousands who and the public for unnecessary travel, detailing: (a) Purpose & agenda of each trip; were killed by Saddam Hussein's helicopter or junketing. (b) Names of all people on the trip; (c) De­ gunships, or who died of starvation and expo­ Ironically, Mr. Speaker, attention tails (if applicable) of any determination sure in a desperate attempt to flee the geno­ has been unfairly focused on the legis­ that travel by foreign carrier is more eco­ cidal policies of the Iraqi dictator. lative branch because it is the only nomical; (d) Accomplishments of trip; (e) All But the thousands upon thousands of inno­ branch of Government which regularly expenses by category; (3) Executive branch reports go to the GSA, Judicial branch re­ cent civilians displaced as a result of the civil discloses its travel activities. ports go to the Administrative Office of the war in Iraq who survived the trek to the border The travel activities of the executive U.S. Courts. regions continue to face the threat of death and judicial branches are shrouded in Section 6: Congressional Guidelines & Re­ every day. Aid for these individuals is more ur­ mystery and it takes extensive and ex­ porting: (1) Each committee establishes gent and necessary than ever. haustive Freedom of Information Act guidelines to prevent duplicative and unnec- April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9613 essary trips; (2) Quarterly reports are filed A TRIBUTE TO MEDORA PETERSEN States, but among them all, Medora on all travel detailing: (a) Purpose & agenda Petersen's name shines brightly. of each trip; (b) Names of all people on the The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. COLLINS of Illinois). Under a previous trip; (c) Details (if applicable) of any deter­ D 1400 mination that travel by foreign carrier is order of the House, the gentleman from more economical; (d) Accomplishments of Minnesota [Mr. OBERSTAR] is recog­ Her life has been a tribute to the best trip; (e) All expenses by category; (3) House nized for 5 minuets. of our Minnesota traditions: Hard reports go to Clerk of the House, Senate re­ Mr. OBERSTAR. Madam Speaker, it work, sound education, high ethical ports go to the Secretary of the Senate. is with great pleasure that I rise to pay standards, and dedication to family Section 7: Availability of Reports: All re­ tribute to a woman who has reached and community. ports are available for public inspection not another milestone in an exemplary life Madam Speaker, I invite you to join less than 15 days after they are filed, copies me, Medora's family and friends, in are to be provided if requestor pays copying filled with devotion to her family, com­ and mailing costs (fees may be waived in the munity, and State. wishing Medora Grandprey Petersen a public interest). On Thursday, May 2, Medora Peter­ happy 95th birthday. sen, an editor, activist, and former FEDERAL TRAVEL BUDGETS first lady of ~he State of Minnesota, This year (Fiscal Year 1991) the federal turns 95. KUDOS FOR McDONALD'S government will spend $6.8 billion for travel Born in Meriden in southern Min­ (both foreign and domestic). Of that total: nesota, the daughter of a blacksmith, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a $27 million (0.39%) is for Legislative Branch previous order of the House, the gen­ Travel; S54 million (0.78%) is for Judicial Medora Grandprey grew up in a family that prized hard work, high principles, tleman from Nebraska [Mr. HOAGLAND] Branch Travel; S160 million (2.31 %) is for the is recognized for 5 minutes. Postal Service; $6.851 billion (98.83%) is for and a sound education. After complet­ Executive branch travel, for a total of $6.932 ing her elementary grades in the local Mr. HOAGLAND. Madam Speaker, billion. country school, Medora rode the 8 last year on two occasions I praised For comparative purposes, this includes: o'clock train every morning to neigh­ Omahan Phil Sokoloff's efforts encour­ $62 million (0.89%) in funds for travel appro­ boring Owatonna to attend high school, aging McDonald's and other fast food priated to the President and the Executive and then caught the 5 o'clock train restaurants to offer healthier products. Office of the President; $89 million (1.28%) McDonald's has changed its procedures for State Department travel. westbound home every evening. She was the only young woman from her and now deep fries its french fries in The following table, prepared by the Office vegetable oil instead of beef tallow and of Management and Budget and published as community to go to high school. part of the President's Fiscal Year 1992 budg­ During World War I, Medora won a has taken other steps to cut down the et, outlines federal travel expenditures by reporting job with the Owatonna Jour­ fat contained in the tens of millions of agency for fiscal year 1990, 1991, and 1992. nal Chronicle. The job paid just enough daily fast food meals served Ameri­ to allow her to save money for college. cans. Other fast food chains have fol­ TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION OF PERSONS She later enrolled at Iowa State Uni­ lowed suit. [In millions of dollars) versity to study home economics. Mr. Sokoloff first brought this issue During graduate study at the Univer­ to national attention by running full Gross obligations by agency sity of Minnesota she met and later page advertisements in major news­ Department or other unit papers around the country. He dug deep 1990 actual 1991 esti· 1992 esti· married Hjalmar Petersen, then a ______mate m_a_te_ member of the State legislature and into his pocket to do so. McDonald's Legislative branch ...... 23 27 31 editor of the Askov American, the local and its competitors are to be congratu­ The Judiciary ...... 49 54 58 newspaper in his home town of Askov, lated for having made the change. Executive Office of the Presi- dent ...... •...... 5 MN. In the mid-1930's Hjalmar Petersen It is important that we congratulate funds appropriated to the was elected Lieutenant Governor on corporate America when it does things President ...... 48 57 ;~ the Farmer-Labor ticket. Later, he and right. Too often, we jump to chastise Department of Agriculture ...... 231 253 2 Department of Commerce ...... 162 69 58 Medora moved in to the Governor's them when we think they are doing Department of Defense-mili· mansion upon the untimely death in things wrong. I wish to take this occa­ tary ...... 4,553 4,419 4 sion to give McDonald's -well deserved Department of Defense-civil .. 56 57 .4;~ 1936 of our legendary Governor, Floyd Department of Education ...... 8 10 10 B. Olson. When Hjalmar's term ended praise on two additional fronts. Department of Ener&Y ...... 48 59 62 the following year, the Petersens re­ First, our children brought home Department of Health and with them recently tree seedlings they Human Services less Social turned to Askov to run the newspaper, Security ...... 104 118 124 and continued to remain active in Min­ had obtained in connection with a Department of Health and nesota politics. Upon Hjalmar's death Global ReLeaf Program of the Amer­ Human Services, Social Se- curity ...... •.•...... 22 17 20 in 1968, Medora took the helm of the ican Forestry Association sponsored by Department of Housing and American and carried on the couple's McDonald's. McDonald's is distributing Urban Development ...... 15 18 9 million seedlings, to be planted Department of the Interior ...... 135 153 1 ~~ political tradition alone. Department of Justice ...... 197 262 285 Medora Peterson's wisdom, energy, around America's homes, schools, and Department of Labor ...... 44 46 50 and political instincts were unsur- parks by 1992, the particular type or Department of State ...... 84 89 variety depending on the climate and Department of Transportation ... 232 246 2;~ passed. Her advice was frequently Department of the Treasury ...... 243 306 339 sought out, especially by young aspir- soil conditions of the area in which Department of Veterans Affairs 132 145 90 ing candidates, including this political they are distributed. Environmental Protection Agen- cy ...... 40 46 52 newcomer, at the dawn of my career. They are distributing these seedlings General Services Administration 21 28 28 Medora Petersen sold the newspaper in with a pamphlet entitled "Let's Get National Aeronautics and Space 1981 with much nostaligic regret, and Growing America," encouraging re­ Administration ...... 55 62 65 Office of Personnel Manage- left Askov a few years later to live sponsible environmental action. I ment ...... 11 13 14 with her daughter in central Min- would like to salute McDonald's for un­ Small Business Administration . 8 7 8 nesota. Yet, her connections with her dertaking this effort. Export-Import Bank of the Unit- ed States ...... (I) (I) longtime home and business remain McDonald's also deserves praise for federal Deposit Insurance Cor- strong: Even as she approaches 95, she extensive recyling policies it has insti­ poration ...... 33 80 76 federal Retirement Thrift In- still writes an occasional column for tuted since the last Earth Day. McDon­ vestment Board (I) (I) Pl the Askov American. ald's is reducing the size and amounts Postal Service (off-budaetl ...... 138 160 166 Madam Speaker, this talent-laden of packaging. It is moving away from Railroad Retirement Board ...... 1 1 other independent agencies ..... 108 125 134 community we know as the North Star styrofoam boxes. It is increasing the ------State, Minnesota, has many highly use of recycled paper in its napkins, ______Total ...... 8,808 6,932 7_ ·0_21 skilled, talented, and gifted people who tray liners, Happy Meal boxes, and 1 $500,000 or less. made great contributions to the United bags. 9614 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 I salute McDonald's for its efforts. tleman from California [Mr. STARK] is LEGISLATION TO CLARIFY THE We will become a healthier Nation, recognized for 5 minutes. TAX STATUS OF SELF-EM- more careful in the use of our natural Mr. STARK. Madam Speaker, I rise today to PLOYED FISHERMEN resources, as we work together on introduce a bill to remove the age limit for en­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a these projects. McDonald's is setting tering the Public Health Service. This bill previous order of the House, the gen­ an example for all of us in our business would allow otherwise healthy and qualified tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. people who are older than 44 to serve their lives and in our personal lives. We STUDDS] is recognized for 10 minutes. country by entering the PHS. should all follow its example. Mr. STUDDS. Madam Speaker, I would like The current law which prohibits persons I want to share with my colleagues to thank my colleague from Massachusetts, over the age of 44 to joining the Public Health an editorial from today's Washington Representative BRIAN DONNELL a member of Service is an anachronism. It was passed in v, Post commending McDonald's for their the House Ways and Means Committee, for commitment to environmental protec­ 1960 along with a provision to establish a joining me in introducing legislation to clarify tion. mandatory retirement age of 64. At the time, it made sense to ensure that officers of the the tax status of self-employed fishermen. LESS MCW ASTE PHS would be allowed to serve for at least 20 As Members may recall, the Tax Reform Act The volume of solid waste that Americans years before being forced t9 retire. However, of 1976 included language intended to help generate each year is a major problem, not the owners of small fishing vessels to comply all that far behind such fundamentals as in 1981, when we saw fit to remove the man­ datory retirement clause, we neglected to re­ with U.S. tax law. Specifically, it provided that clean air and water, to which it is related. individuals serving as crew on a fishing vessel Most solutions-burning, burial-are really move the age limit for entering the Service. just transference of the debris to another This law is not merely a harmless anachro­ would be considered for tax purposes to be place or form. The best way to combat the nism; it actively bars enthusiastic, hard-work­ self-employed if: First, their compensation con­ waste continues to be to produce less of it-­ ing people from giving the service that they sisted of a share of the catch and, second, the for example, to lighten up on packaging want to give. As an example, my office has re­ operating crew of the boat was normally made while increasing recycling. ceived a letter from a 48-year-old man who up of fewer than 10 people. McDonald's, the ubiquitous and influential has recently begun a program in clinical psy­ · We made these changes in law because we fast-food chain, has now announced in con­ understood that the relationship between a junction with the Environmental Defense chology. After attending a presentation given Fund a serious and comprehensive effort to by the PHS, he became interested in partici­ fishing vessel owner and his crew is far from do just that. EDF might sound like an un­ pating in their COSTEP program. He was de­ a conventional employer-employee relation­ likely ally for a major national generator of nied entry only because of his age. ship. It is a relationship that has evolved over waste. Not so. Over the years the environ­ Madam Speaker, the Public Health Service literally centuries of maritime history, that in­ mental group has come to specialize in find­ is one of the great Federal agencies and con­ volves a high degree of independence on both ing ways of making it in industry's self-in­ tributes positively to our society. If we sides and that does not lend itself easily to the terest to reduce pollution. strengthen it, we strengthen our society. By definitions used in the Tax Code. It has, for example, worked to set up water removing an unnecessary barrier which keeps markets in some parts of the West, where in­ The 1976 law made boatowners confident stead of building more dams or enduring otherwise qualified people from joining, we will that they could continue operating as they had shortages, municipalities can bid water away be taking a measure which will benefit our so­ previously, paying a share of the catch, not from farmers who don't need it, or whose ciety. needing to withhold income for Social Security crops society can do without. EDF helped as or Federal income tax purposes, and still well to develop the section of last year's meeting all the requirements of U.S. law. They clean-air legislation creating a market in CALL FOR HEARING ON H.R. 1413 were confident because we in Congress pollution rights. A utility that cuts pollu­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a thought we had clarified the rules; and the tion more than the law requires will have an investment or asset (the extra cleanup) that previous order of the House, the gen­ fishing industry thought it understood those it can sell like any other at a profit. tleman from Georgia [Mr. JENKINS] is rules. McDonald's had already agreed under pres­ recognized for 5 minutes. And those boatowners were right, until now. sure from environmental groups to abandon Mr. JENKINS. Madam Speaker, H.R. 1413 After more than a decade of relatively trouble­ the foam clamshell in which it sold its burg­ reflects the growing awareness and concern free experience with the law, the IRS has, ers in favor of less bulky (and less costly) by the public, the administration, commentors without warning, changed the rules. And they packaging. Now it is going beyond. By the and Congress that our Nation's tax revenue have changed the rules not just prospectively, end of the year the company will have put estimation process is so seriously flawed that but going back to 1988 and 1987 and 1986 programs in place to recycle-or test the po­ tential for recycling or composting-more it may be doing critical harm to our Nation's and 1985. They are telling boatowners who than 80 percent (by weight) of the waste at economy. thought, in good faith, that they qualified under its restaurants. Among other things, it will Not only does this vital subject impact the the law that they did not; that they owe those make greater use of reusable shipping and economic basis upon which our Congress en­ withholding taxes and those Social Security storage containers and has directed its 600 acts legislation, it therefore directly and indi­ payments and the associated penalties and suppliers-over whom it has enormous influ­ rectly impacts the financial well-being of every they must pay them even though it will, in ence as so large a customer-to use cor­ taxpayer. some cases, drive those fishermen out of rugated boxes with at least 35 percent recy­ H.R. 1413 calls for the repeal of the tax ex­ business. cled materials. For environmental reasons it has also gone from bleached to brown carry­ penditure provisions within the Budget Act of Two specific problems have arisen. out bags (made of 100 percent recycled mate­ 1974. No repeal can occur, of course, without First, as I said, a fishing vessel must have rial). the appropriate Congressional hearings. At an operating crew that is normally fewer than Waste reduction has become an explicit such hearings, all interested and knowledge­ 1O in order to have that crew considered self­ goal of a company that is an symbol of able parties will have the opportunity to employed. American popular culture. The process has present their views by written and/or oral testi­ For more than a decade, the fishing industry been voluntary and is not just PR; if there mony. has assumed that "normally" means that a are costs involved, the company seems to These hearings are of momentous impor­ boat must have a crew that averages, over the think there may also be consequential sav­ course of the year, less than 10. In prior ings. The plan sets an excellent example. tance. Businesses, the professions, academia, Good for McDonald's and EDF both. governmental authorities and individuals are years, the IRS has signed off on audits that urged to offer their testimony so that our Na­ used this interpretation of the law. And tion may profit from their expertise and experi­ throughout this period, the IRS issued no ence. It is my strong view that such hearings guidelines to the contrary. A BILL TO REMOVE THE AGE are imperative and should be scheduled as Suddenly, the IRS has decided that "nor­ LIMIT ON ENTRY INTO THE PUB­ soon as possible. mally" is to be interpreted not annually, but LIC HEALTH SERVICE Madam Speaker, I urge my colleagues to quarter by quarter. Again, not just for the fu­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a cosponsor H.R. 1413 introduced by ture, but for the past several years. Thus, previous order of the House, the gen- Congresman SCHULZE and myself. many boats that honestly thought they quali- April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9615 tied for the exemption are being told they do We should be receiving a vote or hav­ is an attempt to reduce the amount of not. ing a vote on the House floor on this violent crime that we are seeing on the The second problem that has arisen relates bill perhaps as soon as next week. rise in most if not all the States of the to the payment of "PERS" to certain crew­ I am personally a member of the Ju­ union, and certainly in our major met­ members on fishing vessels. PERS are nomi­ diciary Committee, and more particu­ ropolitan centers. nal payments usually paid to the cook, engi­ larly I am a member of the Crime and I think, therefore, the question arises neer and mate in recognition of the duties they Criminal Justice Subcommittee of the not on the issue of violent crime, be­ perform in addition to their responsibilities as Judiciary Committees, and as such I cause everybody is opposed to violent crewmembers. This practice dates back to the have been present at the hearing we crime. Everybody, no matter what whaling days in New Bedford and is common­ had on the Brady bill. I have been their views, is seeking ways to bring place within the fishing industry, as a whole. present at the two votes that we had in down the number of violent criminal PERS usually amount to less than 3 percent the subcommittee and the committee cases that are occurring in our coun­ of a fisherman's total annual compensation particularly. I studied I believe the rel­ try. and averages about $25 for a 12-day fishing evant materials on the subject. The issue is, what is the relationship trip. Although these payments are very small, The reason I have taken to the House between H.R. 7 and the increasing they matter a great deal to those who receive floor is very simply that I have seen a amount of violent crime? I am certain them because the payments carry with them a great difference between the rhetoric as I have seen in the committee hear­ recognition of the importance of the duties that has passed by in the national ings that the supporters will take the those fishermen perform. media on this issue and what is actu­ floor next week and cite the increasing Under the 1976 law, a fisherman can qualify ally in the bill, what actually- the con­ violent crime statistics and then argue cept is here. we should pass H.R. 7. for self-employed status if he is compensated Personally, I think that is because only by receiving a share of the catch. Even But the real question is, what is the the word "handgun" or the word "gun" relation of H.R. 7 to these particular though PERS are not guaranteed and are de­ or the words "gun control" imme­ pendent on the size of the catch, the IRS has events? diately evoke certain emotional re­ I would like to examine that question taken the position that the payment of PERS sponses, and those emotional responses prevents a crewmember from qualifying as from two different points of view, one have tended to dominate the national of which is what is the probable success self-employed. Moreover, the IRS contends media debate on the issue, even though rate of a waiting period and a back­ that all compensation paid to these fishermen, I have found them to be at times far not just the PERS, are therefore subject to ground check in general, because they afield from what the bill is all about. do exist in a number of States today. employment taxes. What I propose to do is to take a lit­ Madam Speaker, Congress never intended tle bit of time and go into the bill and 0 1410 that the payment of these small amounts to go into the issue as I see it. I guess I And second, specifically, what about certain fishermen would prevent them from should say that I personally will vote H.R. 7? What would H.R. 7 add to being qualifying for self-employed status. The law no on H.R. 7 when it is brought to the able to prevent the wrong persons from says that a self-employed fisherman must be House floor. I voted no in the commit­ getting handguns that does not already compensated only by a share of the catch. tee. I voted no in the subcommittee, exist in State laws or in Federal laws The PERS payments are calibrated precisely and I would like to talk about why. or in the possibility of the State to according to the rightful share of the catch of Now, in a nutshell, H.R. 7 says, if also enact waiting periods and handgun the individuals involved. Their only significance passed and enacted into law, that there purchaser checks? Let me back up for is that they provide fishermen holding certain will be a national 7-day waiting period the first part of what I would like to positions a slightly larger share of the catch in which local police agencies may, but talk about, Madam Speaker: Does a than that received by others. This practice are not required, to conduct a back­ background check reduce crime? Where goes back hundreds of years; it is a practice ground check on the purchasers. there is a background check, can we that the IRS presumably knew about but did I want to stop there for a moment expect that there will be a reduction in not object to for more than 10 years after the and emphasize the word "local" agen­ crime because of that? 1976 law was enacted; and it should not be cy, because there is no Federal agency The true, frank answer to that is compromised now. involved here. We are passing national that nobody can be absolutely certain The legislation proposes that the changes legislation, but we are not thereby di­ because it involves proving a negative. be made retroactive to 1985. If they are not, recting any Federal agency, which are In the hearings that we had on H.R. we will be doing an injustice to fishermen the ones who report to us, to do any­ 7, where there were individuals who whose very livelihoods have been put at risk thing. We are instead giving the option testified as family members of those by the IRS's changing interpretation of the to local agencies, and another impor­ who were victims of handgun violence, law. tant term which I will get to any mo­ that they believed that had there been Last year, the House of Representatives ap­ ment is the option, what effect that a 7-day waiting period, a background proved similar legislation to clarify the law, but has on the bill. check and so forth, the violent crimes unfortunately the proposal was derailed in the But anyway, the bill would establish on their families might not have oc­ other body during the last hour of the 101 st a 7-day waiting period to give local po­ curred. I have no doubt that they sin­ Congress. I am hopeful that this year we can lice the option to conduct a back­ cerely believe this. But again it is try­ quickly act to correct this injustice and ensure ground check on the purchasers. The ing to prove a negative, trying to prove the fair treatment of New Bedford fishermen purpose of the background check would what would not have happened rather under the law. be to try to identify in advance which than what we all know did happen in purchasers may have a felony convic­ those tragic situations. tion record or may have been adju­ It is sometimes claimed that John dicated incompetent or may otherwise Hinckley would not have been able to THE BRADY BILL be ineligible under present laws from attempt to assassinate the President of The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a purchasing or possessing a handgun, or the United States and would not have previous order of the House, the gen­ probably any other firearm for that very seriously and permanently wound­ tleman from New Mexico [Mr. ScmFF] matter. ed Mr. Brady had a background check is recognized for 60 minutes. The ultimate purpose, of course, of been in effect in the State of Texas, Mr. SCHIFF. Madam Speaker, I do doing this check and of identifying where he purchased the weapon that he not necessarily propose to use the en­ these individuals who are not qualified used. I want to take a moment to talk tire 60 minutes, but I did want to spend to possess handguns in this particular about Mr. Hinckley because his case is some time to talk about H.R. 7, known case, because the law does not apply as mentioned in every national media ar­ more commonly as the Brady bill. proposed to anything except handguns, ticle that talks about H.R. 7 because 9616 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 H.R. 7 is known as the Brady bill. It is notify the Alcohol, Tobacco and Fire­ holding him so that he could not com­ known that way because its primary arms Department of the Federal Gov­ mit a future crime, the result of that proponents are Jim and Sarah Brady. ernment that somebody had bought would have been that he paid a fine and I have the highest regard for them. I multiple guns at the same time. So the went on his way. have seen many improvements occur in Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Depart­ So even though we have all this the recordkeeping that we do have, and ment had the opportunity to, if the in­ elaborate airport security against fire­ what law enforcement can be done; and formation I received is correct, to arms, that is more precisely what hap­ I am convinced of their bringing atten­ check out Mr. Hinckley's address if pens to those who may in fact violate tion to the issue of records. I do not they thought at the time that spending that law. want anything I have to say about H.R. the time checking out people's address­ So I think that all of those facts 7 to be confused with an attack on the es was an appropriate and positive use looked at together, I believe it is acer­ Brady's personally, because it is not. of their resources. tainty that the tragic event surround­ Nevertheless, because H.R. 7 is called But what I really want to emphasize ing the wounding of Mr. Brady would the Brady bill because the Brady's have here is that the address, legal address, not have been avoided by the existence brought themselves out into the public is a difficult question under law. Where ofH.R. 7. as the major public proponents of the a person lives, where a person intends Well, then, what about claims that bill, every article I have ever seen men­ to live, is partly a matter of intent, these background checks may solve tions that Mr. Brady was shot and and intent to return, for example. And other crimes? In other words, even if wounded by Mr. Hinckley. It seems cer­ it is not easy, oftentimes, to establish H.R. 7 might not have prevented this tain that had H.R. 7 been in effect na­ what is a person's legal residence, as it particular tragedy, could it perhaps tionally, even in effect in the State of is meant here. have prevented other tragedies? Does it Texas, that it would have made no dif­ It is important to point out that prevent tragedies in the States where ference in that particular tragedy. after the tragic events of the at­ it exists? First of all, Mr. Hinckley was not a tempted assassination of the President A number of States, California and convicted felon at the time that he and the wounding of Mr. Brady, that Maryland come to mind right away, made the purchase of that weapon. He the U.S. Justice Department did every­ have a waiting period in the purchase did have a mental health record, but thing possible to try to convict Mr. of a handgun and they have a back­ that mental health record, as is often Hinckley of a criminal offense. ground check that they follow it with. the case in the United States, is not I think we can assume that they I have seen in the course of hearings public and was not public at the time, looked into that form that was filled on this bill a number of claims made by meaning that any amount of time that out when he purchased the handgun in these States as to their effectiveness. had gone into checking Mr. Hinckley's question. Yet, they did not bring any They say, for example, supporters of background would not have revealed a criminal charge under Federal law that H.R. 7 quote these claims in national felony conviction record and would not he falsely, in some manner, that is advertisings and communications, they have revealed an adjudication as a falsely to mean legally here, filled out say a certain State, for example, mental incompetent or other specific that form. And since the Justice De­ caught 1,300 felons trying to buy fire­ legal reason why he could not purchase partment knew they were facing an in­ arms, through their background that firearm. That is raised because it sanity defense, this would have been of checks. That sounds pretty impressive, is often said Mr. Hinckley was an i.n­ prime interest to them because in whether it is 1,000, 2,000, or 3,000. It competent. Well, maybe he was and order to overcome a criminal charge of sounds impressive because there is an maybe he was not, but that would not this nature, Mr. Hinckley would have implication there that when the State have shown on any public record that I had to prove more than he was insane prevented somebody who should not know of that would have existed at at the time of the shooting, he would have bought a firearm from buying a that time. have had to show he was insane at the firearm, that therefore they prevented It has been argued, however, that Mr. time of the purchase, which was weeks a subsequent violent crime. But I think Hinckley would not have been per­ before. that that implication starts coming mitted to purchase the weapon that he So, if there was any way that he very short when you look behind those purchased, because he used a false ad­ could have been prosecuted under Fed­ statistics. dress when he filled out the standard eral law, I think he would have been I have found, first of all, that when a Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms Depart­ prosecuted under Federal law for false­ State says that we have caught a cer­ ment form at the gun dealership where ly filling out this form, the point being tain number of felons trying to buy he purchased the weapon .. And the sug­ here is there is nothing a background firearms, what they mean by that is gestion is that a background check check would have revealed, I think. that is the number of requested pur­ would have revealed that he lied about I want to conclude on this point by chasers that the State rejected. The his address and, therefore, that would noting that it has also been reported to first thing it does not tell you is how have prevented him from purchasing me that Mr. Hinckley owned other fire­ many times was the State wrong? In this firearm. arms, including other handguns, that other words, the State through its Well, in the first place, there is noth­ he purchased elsewhere. So that if background check denied somebody a ing in this bill, H.R. 7, that talks about somehow he was not allowed to pur­ purchase of a handgun, saying that doing an address check. The check that chase this particular firearm, he had they believe the person, for example, is is talked about in this bill is the back­ other firearms available. a convicted felon. ground check for a felony conviction, Someone might say, well, "But if mental health records, current indict­ this was an illegal purchase, he would D 1420 ments, arrest warrants, and so forth. have been in jail, we could have But who says the State is right? A There is nothing to suggest the police stopped him." number of these cases have been over­ should necessarily or, to my knowl­ I am afraid we do not necessarily put turned on administrative appeal where edge, do, where there are State back­ people in jail who violate our existing administrative appeal exists. ground checks, send sombody out to firearms laws, which is a major prob­ Second of all, there is kind of an im­ addresses to find out if somebody actu­ lem that I want to talk about a little plicit assumption that the person who ally lives in the place where they live. bit later. is trying to buy this firearm is the I might add that I am informed that But a short time before this particu­ local armed robber and preventing him since Mr. Hinckley purchased two lar event, Mr. Hinckley was caught from making this purchase will prevent handguns at the same time, he fell trying to bring a firearm illegally several robberies of convenience stores, under the effect of the existing Federal aboard an airline, which as we all know or something like that. Not nec­ law which requires the gun dealer to is illegal. The result of that was not essarily. A number of these felons, and April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9617 there have been convicted felons iden­ dealerships, they are turned down for finite as anything else off of the direct tified in background checks, they turn the purchase through a background front line of tackling violent crime out to be felons convicted of, let us check, but they are free to then go get into another activity and for the gain say, income tax evasion 12 years ago. the gun illegally the next hour, the we may make over here, I think we will But they still remain because of that next day, and presumably then the lose here. At least in a balance. conviction, or a conviction from em­ crime occurs anyway because very sim­ Further, I think that a waiting pe­ bezzlement, or a conviction from fraud, ply there does not seem to be extensive riod prevents the risk of increasing ineligible to purchase and possess a followup on these. crime because of the limits that it firearm under Federal law. Now it is often asked: "Wouldn't a places on self-defense. In other words, Now, although these purchases were background check at least stop some let us suppose that somebody wants to illegal, and I am not here to defend crimes?" In other words, even if it purchase a hand gun in self-defense be­ these purchases, there is not nec­ would not have a dramatic effect on cause they have been threatened, and essarily, and I think not obviously, a the violent crime rate in the United they do not want to wait the 7 days. In link in successfully preventing some­ States, would it not at least prevent the number of years I was both a dis­ body who is convicted of fraud 10 years some offenses from occurring? Well, of trict attorney and assistant district at­ ago from buying a firearm today and course that is a long way from trying torney I can verify that law enforce­ preventing the armed robbery of the to influence the violent crime rate, ment generally, not just my agency, convenience store that will happen to­ which is what many of the supporters but generally in my community, would morrow. will say we are trying to do with H.R. receive several requests, particularly In fact, I say, and I say not at all to 7, but the question is: Will in effect, if from women each week expressing fear be facetious in the matter, but I sus­ there were more background checks, that their ex-husbands, ex-boyfriends, pect a number of these purchasers first would they actually reduce some would attempt to kill them, and the of all did not realize they could not amount of crime? I think the answer police, not having the resources to pa­ purchase a firearm. They may not have there is, from a certain point of view, trol everywhere and to provide per­ known Federal law, and they might be probably yes. sonal security would generally say, purchasing the firearms for their own Mr. Speaker, I say that because it is "Call us when he's breaking in," be­ self-defense. They were embezzlers, or inevitable that, if there are more back­ cause that is the soonest they could be defrauders, or something else. They are grounds checks, there will be more fel­ expected to react because there are so worried about the armed robber, and ons identified because most do not buy many thousands of these threats that muggers and murderers that are out from gun dealerships, but some do, and they do not know which of the ones there. some will be identified, and some of will actually turn into tragedy. We The point is that in this claim of how those will not be able to get the weap­ know some will, but we do not know many felons were denied a firearm on in the future, and, therefore, some­ which will, and, therefore, many of there is not a relationship to how where, somehow, I think it is reason­ these individuals turn to purchase fire­ many of those felons would be expected able to predict that where there are arms for their own personal security. to do the armed robbery or the violent background checks, that prevents some Now in States with a waiting period crime that all of this is supposed to crimes from occurring. there are normally exceptions which prevent. So the question then comes: "Well, allow somebody in this situation to ask Finally on this issue, and I think why not pass it anyway? Why not have to purchase a hand gun for self-defense. most important, I think there is an im­ a background check if you believe that The Brady bill, H.R. 7, does contain plication used in the word "caught" it will in fact prevent some crimes? such a provision. It says that a person that is not backed up by the fact, and Doesn't that make it worth it?" And I may ask the local chief of police or here is what I mean: The claims made, think the answer is: Not necessarily sheriff for an exemption from the wait­ as I see them, are that, for example, because I believe that a background ing period if their life has been threat­ 1,000 felons were caught trying to buy a check can allow other crimes to occur. ened. firearm, and I have already talked Once again, I cannot prove a number But take a look at these exceptions. about who is a felon, and who is not, on this any more than the supporters First of all, it appears to me, although and what kind of felons they were, but of background checks can provide a this is a little arguable, that this re­ the word "caught" implies that the in­ number of crimes prevented. But, if it quires an individual threat on some­ dividual involved was somehow appre­ is reasonable to assume that a back­ one's life. In other words, the person hended. ground check, where it exists, will in seeking the firearm for self-defense has In other words, let us suppose that fact prevent some crimes from occur­ to demonstrate that his or her life has somebody bent on committing an ring, it is reasonable to assume that been threatened by name by somebody. armed robbery actually tried to buy a other crimes will occur because of it. firearm in a regular licensed gun deal­ Why? Well, two reasons. First, the 0 1430 ership and was identified in this par­ police officer who is doing the back­ If they happen to live in a commu­ ticular background check program. In ground check is not arresting a violent nity with a serial killer on the loose, other words, they were caught trying criminal. If one can make the argu­ that does not appear to be an exception to buy a firearm. What does that ment that this police officer doing the for allowing somebody to purchase a mean? And in virtually all of the si tua­ background check prevents this pur­ firearm under H.R. 7, as I read it. Also, tions I am able to find, though it is im­ chase and thereby prevents this violent H.R. 7 requires a threat to someone's proving a little bit, being caught crime, which I think could occur in the life. If an individual is threatened with means only that that particular pur­ statistics of things, it is equally plau­ rape and great bodily harm, that is not chase was denied. Nothing else hap­ sible to say that had this police officer good enough under H.R. 7 to waive the pened, and particularly nothing hap­ instead arrested this violent criminal 7-day waiting period and allow the pur­ pened to the individual. No arrests for whom the police officer had an ar­ chase of a handgun. were necessarily made of the individual rest warrant, that that would have pre­ But most importantly, self-defense is who was trying to illegally purchase vented a violent crime by getting that limited to someone else's decision. A the firearm. vioilent criminal off the street and person who is threatened or feels This means, when we get down to the that, when police officers are taken threatened has to persuade somebody felon, we are really worried about the from working active criminal cases to else that they are really threatened in violent felon who is trying to get hold doing background checks, most of order to get the 7 days waived, and if of a firearm and who wants to use it for which are recognized to be on law-abid­ they cannot do it and the person in more violent felonies. To the extent ing citizens, that takes a certain de­ charge of the waiver is wrong, it will be they may actually buy firearms in gree of police resources, which are as that person, the citizen who is seeking 9618 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 the waiver, who will be dead, not the sume, in fact in the checking I have What money have they lost in not one who says yes or no on it. done I can be certain of it, that law en­ being able to buy a handgun? Once again, I have conceded that a forcement is as split on this debate as So I do not think we can expect a waiting period and a background check we are in Congress and people are else­ lawsuit to solve this problem. There is would identify some felons and prevent where. And some agencies wish to do a no appeal, as I said, either. There is no some felonies, but here is an example check and some do not wish to do a way, in R.R. 7 at least, somebody who of where I think we will see some ones check. They are concerned about their is denied a purchase can say, "You that do not presently exist. manpower limitations, civil liability, have got the wrong person. I am not I do not believe, however, that it is whatever the reason might be. that individual you believe is this con­ necessary as such for us in Congress to The point is, H.R 7 fails in its major victed felon or this particular incom­ resolve this question: Which is better, stated goal, which is to have a uniform petent person." preventing a certain number of felons, national check. It is not provided in Most important, though, on this whatever it is, from having a back­ R.R. 7; it does not exist. point, Madam Speaker, is we do not re­ ground check, or instead preventing Now, it is true and I think it can be tain any control of this in the Congress those felonies that occur because po­ expected that some agencies where of the United States. Certainly any bill lice are tied up in desk-type duties? there is no State background check we might pass into law can result I say that because in my final point and waiting period will in fact use R.R. equally in some mistakes and even I want to come to R.R. 7. This is the 7, the national waiting period, to con­ some abuses that I have described here Federal bill actually before us in the duct a check. And, therefore, is not as a possibility. We know that. Congress of the United States. What that reason enough to pass it, to cir­ If that were a reason not to pass a does this bill actually do? cumvent the States for that reason? I law, I dare say we could not pass any The point I want to come back to is do not think so. I do not think so be­ law in the Congress of the United that this bill does not deal with any cause the Congress has no means to States, but the difference is, the other Federal agency. There is an honest de­ regulate errors, and even unfortunately laws that we pass give authority to bate about background checks, and I among the thousands of police agencies Federal agencies. And in those Federal have acknowledged the debate. I ac­ that exist in this country, some prob­ agencies, we in Congress retain the knowledge that one can be on either able abuse of this kind of law. oversight power to bring the agencies side in terms of its effectiveness, but There is no standard in R.R. 7 for in and say, "We have heard there are we do not actually put ourselves and when an agency is to say yes to a pur­ problems. We have heard that you have put the Federal Government in the chaser or is to say no. It just is not said yes to purchasers when you should middle of that debate. We do not actu­ provided. have said no," or "We have heard you ally say that a Federal agency, such as There is no statement of what have said no to purchasers when you the Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms or records have to be checked or not should have said yes." the Federal Bureau of Investigation, checked and how they have to be relied We retain the power. We do it all the should take their time and conduct upon. In fact, during the hearings, time. Those hearings are covered pub­ their investigations. sponsors and supporters said, "We licly, to bring in agencies and to find Instead we rely upon local law en­ know of a community where everyone out what they are doing and why they forcement. This is how we do it. knows good old Joe, and if there had are doing it, and to correct any mis­ R.R. 7 says there will be this waiting been a background check and a waiting takes that we perceive. period in which local law enforcement, period, good old Joe would not have We have no such power over local po­ your local police or sheriff, may con­ been allowed to purchase a handgun be­ lice agencies. We have no power to hold duct a check but do not have to. cause everyone knows he has been com­ hearings in which we demand that Now, we get into why we are consid­ mitted to the local mental health in­ chiefs of police and county sheriffs ering this bill when the States can stitution several times." It sounds come in and explain to us how they are choose, and a number of States have good for that case, but I suggest that a running their program. And we have no chosen and they are free to do so, as standard of "everybody knows so-and­ power to insist that they run it in an­ every State is free to do, to have their so" is awfully dangerous when you other fashion. own background check, and waiting pe­ think about it, because what does that Quite clearly, R.R. 7 allows police riod. And the reason given, at least mean? agencies power without requiring any that I have heard in being on this sub­ Does that mean the police chief who accountability on how they use that committee and the Committee on the denies the application has to have per­ power. Judiciary, by the supporters is, we sonally brought Joe to the mental I also want to address the 7-day wait­ need R.R. 7 to plug the holes. health facility and knows that Joe is ing period as a cooling-off period. It In other words, their argument goes adjudicated incompetent, or can it be has been argued that even if there is no like this: Some States have waiting pe­ that the dispatcher's spouse's sister-in­ background check, even if we do not riods and background checks, and some law told somebody that Joe was com­ apprehend one felon, there is a benefit do not. We need to find a way to have mitted sometime, somewhere, and that in passing a 7-day waiting period be­ a simultaneous, uniform national is reason enough to say no? cause it will allow people to cool off. handgun purchaser waiting period and We do not provide any standard. We In fact, R.R. 7, the Brady bill, is al­ check so that someone who is ineli­ do not provide any appeal. most universally called a 7-day cool­ gible, cannot go to a State with no What if this happened in a few com­ ing-off period. And the reason given for check, buy a firearm and then bring it munities, and I stress this, would be a cooling-off period is to prevent back to a State with a check, and very, very few-my career before get­ crimes of passion, to prevent individ­ thereby avoid that particular State's ting here was in local law enforcement, uals in the heat of passion from run­ waiting period and background check. I have a high regard for the men and ning down to a store, buying a firearm, That is the argument given as to why women I worked with, but there are and committing a crime without hav­ we should pass R.R. 7 and not leave it thousands of police agencies-what if ing the chance to slow down and think to the States. The obvious problem one police agency believed that every­ about it. with that is, it is not what R.R. 7 does. body with a Hispanic surname must That is the purpose, and supporters R.R. 7 does not compel anybody to do have been convicted of a felony some­ argue that that is reason enough to a check. It leaves it to the choice of where because that is the way they pass R.R. 7, because even if there is local law enforcement to do a check or are? Where do we prevent that in R.R. never a background check, we can pre­ not do a check. 7? vent crimes of passion. The point is, there will still be gaps It is true the individual can file a First, I have to say that that is con­ under R.R. 7 because I think we can as- lawsuit, but where are the dangers? trary to my experience in more than 15 April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9619 years in practicing criminal law, most Virginia's system of instantaneous States will adopt them, with or with­ of which was as a prosecutor. checks, then H.R. 7 does not apply. out the Federal Government. But the 6- Real crimes of passion are committed Here is the point. The point is that if month timeframe that is specified in immediately with any weapon avail­ there is an instantaneous check, H.R. 7 the bill is unattainable. In my judg­ able. If there is a gun there, it will be does not apply. Therefore, no cooling ment, it would take several years, at a gun; if there is a kitchen knife there, off period. There is no 7-day wait in least, for the Department of Justice to it will be a kitchen knife. Whatever is any State today or in the future which be so computerized that it could meet available will be used. That is real pas­ adopts an instantaneous check. the goals of this bill. sion. That means in Virginia you can be Therefore, I am not going to support I cannot think of a case in all the mad as heck and not going to take it H.R. 1412 either, because on its face it years I spent in law enforcement where anymore, but if you can pass the tele­ states goals that I think just cannot be somebody said, "I'm so mad at you I phonic check, you get the firearm right achieved. could kill you. Would you sit there and away. There is no cooling off period. Let me say what can be done. We wait a few minutes while I go down to Now, it is not for me to tell the spon­ have a serious violent crime problem. the store and get a firearm and come sors of this bill what to put in and We do have a serious problem of indi­ back?" T at is what the supporters what to take out of their bill. I would viduals who should not have guns, like seem to think happens, but I do not say that probably they believe in the convicted felons, in fact having guns. think so, particularly when most cooling off period and removed the pro­ I have the following suggestions: crimes of passion, again real crimes of vision from the bill through the instan­ first, for those who believe in back­ passion, occur in the middle of the taneous check provision, reluctantly, ground checks, and, again, this is an night when people have been drinking as a means of helping it pass the floor. honest debate, I would emphasize that and the gun stores are not open. Again, I do not speak for them, but every State can pass one as they wish. that would be my guess as to what they If my State, the State of New Mex­ D 1440 would say. ico, the legislature and Governor wish So, I would question the validity, is I find no fault in that. I find no fault to pass a waiting period and back­ that really how true crimes of emo­ in sponsors of a bill and supporters de­ ground check, they are now and have tional passion are in fact committed? ciding what they need to get a bill always been free to do so. However, what is most important is passed. It is not all that easy to do Since, as I have indicated, H.R. 7 does that is not a key part of H.R. 7. It is around here. not require anybody to conduct a back­ amazing to me when I watch the na­ I find great fault, however, with con­ ground check nationally, there is noth·­ tional debates between supporters of tinuing to claim publicly that we have ing in this bill that adds anything to H.R. 7 and opponents of H.R. 7, that this great need for H.R. 7 because we what power the States already have, if supporters continue to argue the need have to have this cooling off period, so in fact the States think this is a good for the cooling off period, when they that crimes of emotion and passion do use of their police power. It is not a de­ know they have taken that out of the not occur, when the supporters know cision we have to make. It is not a de­ bill. It is not necessarily in anymore. very well they have taken that provi­ cision we prevent by voting no. Here is what I mean. sion out of the bill and simply have not Every State in the Union can pass H.R. 7 contains a number of excep­ said that on the national media, and the equivalent of H.R. 7, if that is what tions, where it will not apply. One of certainly do not communicate that in they want to do, by a vote no, if that those exceptions is in any State, like letters to their supporters. occurs, and I think it will be a close Virginia today, which has an instanta­ I think that is not appropriate argu­ vote. But if a no vote occurs, that does neous telephone check between gun ing on behalf of the legislation. Either not stop the States from doing any­ dealers and law enforcement via a com­ keep it in, if you really believe in the thing. They are free to proceed. puter. 7-day cooling off period, keep it in Second of all, I do believe we can im­ In other words, it is my understand­ come heck or high water, or admit pub­ prove Federal laws, and I personally ing that in Virginia today a gun dealer licly you have taken it out and do not will be introducing proposed bills that can place a telephone call at the point argue that is the reason I should vote I think will tighten Federal handgun of purchase, when someone is in there for this bill, when it is not there. control laws. to purchase a weapon, and determine There is another bill also going to be Finally, I think the best action we immediately, to the extent that brought up at the time of H.R. 7. This can take is to better enforce the exist­ records are on computers, and I think is H.R. 1412, known as the Staggers bill, ing laws. There are already Federal they have done a very good job of that after the name of its sponsor, the gen­ laws against felons in possession of a in Virginia, from what I know, if that tleman from West Virginia [Mr. STAG­ firearm. There are already Federal person is a convicted felon, and basi­ GERS]. laws against the purchase of a handgun cally get an immediate yes or no an­ This bill would take the Virginia sys­ interstate. In other words, in most swer. tem of an instantaneous check, tele­ cases, generally speaking, it is against The point is that that is one of the phone check, and make it mandatory the law to go from one place of resi­ exceptions in H.R. 7. Where ever a nationwide through the U.S. Justice dence to another State for the purpose State has implemented an instanta­ Department. of purchasing a handgun. neous check system, then H.R. 7, by its In other words, the object would be It is already against the law to ship own words, does not apply. that in 6 months, that is what the bill a handgun interstate, other than to a Although we can argue about, and says, in 6 months the gun dealers of licensed dealer. have been arguing about, how long it every State of the Union would have to So we actually have laws on the will take other States to adopt this be connected with the Department of books which aim at the problem that is system, to have a computerized record Justice computers and would have to attempted to be addressed in H.R. 7. check system, there is no doubt that participate in this check before selling But I have found both in my career as other States will gain that capacity a handgun. a prosecutor, and, even more so, having and will implement this over the next I have less to say about this bill, be­ gotten to Congress and seeing a na­ several years. Therefore, State by cause it has not been around as long as tional view that I did not have as a State, H.R. 7 will not apply, when in­ H.R. 7; H.R. 7, or its equivalent num­ county prosecutor, that these laws are stantaneous telephonic record checks ber, has been pending for years. largely unenforced. take over. I would make this observation: I Just one example, one that I saw in In fact, in committee the supporters would say that direct telephonic the news media, in the Albuquerque have been saying this bill sunsets it­ checks are coming. They do appear to Journal several weeks ago. There was self. As more and more States adopt have worked in Virginia. I think other an article, that I assume was syn- 9620 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 dicated, so I assume it may have ap­ But if we are really going to address mestic industry. During that same pe­ peared in a number of other journals, violent crime I am positive that we riod, we freely gave away 94 percent of that dealt with a handgun being pur­ cannot just address one aspect of it, our foreign aid in cash grants. chased by a woman in the State of whether it is handguns, or whether it is While giving lipservice to the aid-for­ Texas, which does not have a back­ any other part of the problem. The true trade idea, the administration has done ground check. answer to violent crime is going to little to put it into practice. These are The woman did not have a record, ap­ take a number of actions from local revolutionary times that call for revo­ parently. She sold it to an individual government, from State government, lutionary changes in the way we do with two prior felony convictions, from the Federal Government, and it is business with the world. Foreign aid within a couple of days. The implica­ going to take a number of actions on a must be seen as an investment in the tion was that she was paid to do this. broad front from prevention to pros­ future of our country as well as a part In other words, she did not want the ecution. I hope during my stay in Con­ of our effort to help the less fortunate firearm, but this individual had two gress I have a positive impact and con­ around the world. felony convictions, and, even without a tribution to make to that broad-front We have an opportunity to help fledg­ background check, did not want to risk approach, because we all want to see a ling democracies along their path to filling out the Alcohol, Tobacco, and reduction of violent crime. maturity, but our respoHsibility to Firearms form in the purchase, because ourselves has been neglected far too you can be caught that way. long. Aid for trade is tried and true. We Therefore, this woman purchased the AID FOR TRADE ACT need only look to the record of our gun and sold it to the individual with The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mrs. competitors to see the results. It is two prior convictions. He then shipped COLLINS of Illinois). Under a previous time for us to take a chapter from it illegally to another State, I believe order of the House, the gentleman from their book and embark on an approach it was New Jersey, where it allegedly Texas [Mr. GEREN] is recognized for 5 to foreign aid that makes sense for winds up in the hands of a drug dealer, minutes. America. Madam Speaker, I ask for the who shoots and wounds a State police Mr. GEREN of Texas. Madam Speak­ speedy consideration and passage of officer. er, our recent victory in the Persian the Aid for Trade Act. Now, let us back up. It was illegal to Gulf has proven once again that the send that firearm from Texas to New United States is the world's leading Jersey. Was the individual who did military power. But unlike the days of SNAKE RIVER BIRDS OF PREY that and who had two prior convictions yesterday, when world power was NATIONAL CONSERVATION AREA prosecuted? The answer is yes, but measured only in military might, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a minimally. power in today's new world order is previous order of the House, the gen­ Despite this offense, which is one of measured also in economic strength tleman from Idaho [Mr. LAROCCO] is the major problems we have in this and stamina; and unlike the days fol­ recognized for 5 minutes. country, the illegal interstate ship­ lowing the Second World War when we Mr. LAROCCO. Madam Speaker, on ment of handguns, and despite the fact were the only economic power left behalf of myself, Mr. STALLINGS of that he has two prior felony convic­ standing, today we have many eco­ Idaho, and Mr. MILLER of California, I tions, he did exactly 8 months time in nomic competitors. We have fallen be­ rise to introduce the Snake River Birds a Federal penitentiary, which is a mis­ hind in the manufacture of many of Prey National Conservation Area in demeanor sentence. And he is free goods, and are being aggressively pur­ Idaho. today, free to do it again, if he wants. sued in others. It is time to take care The Snake River Birds of Prey Area of our own and turn our good will to­ is located 13 miles south of Boise, ID, 0 1450 ward home. and contains some 480,000 acres of can­ Further, the woman who was appar­ Today, I have introduced the Aid for yons and plateaus along 81 miles of the ently used to purchase this handgun so Trade Act, a bill designed to get a re­ Snake River. This special high desert is the person with the record would not turn on our foreign aid investment. home to the densest nesting concentra­ have to buy it, and who I might add Similar to legislation that has been in­ tion of birds of prey in North Amer­ could be used if we had H.R. 7, a straw troduced in the Senate, S. 571, the Aid ica-indeed, one of the densest in the buyer could be used to avoid a back­ for Trade Act would limit the use of world. ground check just as easily, that unconditional foreign aid, and would More than 600 pairs of raptors nest woman apparently, from the article, tie U.S. aid to the purchase of U.S. there, representing 15 species. Golden was never prosecuted at all. And so I goods and services. It would require eagles, red-tailed hawks, ferruginous think we will not have effective ac­ that at least 35 percent of all U.S. aid hawks, Swainson's hawks, northern tions against this terrible handgun be used for the construction, design, harriers, American kestrels, turkey problem if we have winks and nods at and servicing of capital projects. vultures, and seven species of owls in­ laws that are already on the books and This aid concept is proudly practiced cluding the great horned, barn, north­ conduct that already is illegal. by our trading partners. Canada, ern saw-whet, burrowing, western Madam Speaker, in conclusion, I Japan, West Germany, France, Italy, screech, and short-eared owls-all nest want to say that I took the floor be­ and Great Britain provided over $10 bil­ in the Birds of Prey Area. In addition, cause I believe, regretfully, the issue of lion in similarly restricted foreign aid the 209 pairs of prairie falcons which handgun control, the issue of gun con­ and mixed credit assistance to other nest in the area account for about 5 trol, the issue of handguns, any of countries in 1988. Often, these coun­ percent of the total of that species' those words or combinations of words tries will use engineering and design population. evoke emotional responses from one aid to write specifications for projects SECTION 1: WILDLIFE VALUES side or the other rather than a realis­ that can only be met by their goods, Why are so many raptors attracted tic, objective examination of each bill. guaranteeing a market for those goods. to the area? Because nature has pro­ I think that each bill that is presented Madam Speaker, it is time we wised up. vided a unique combination of climate, should be examined on its merits and The concept of tied aid has ·been the geology, soils, and vegetation to create passed or not passed based upon those norm for our economic partners and a complete and stable ecosystem where merits, and not because of a bunch of competitors for years. For example, predators and prey can occur in ex­ rhetoric. from 1984 to 1987, Japan, West Ger­ traordinary numbers. But I want to conclude by saying many, and France restricted 70 percent Some of the canyon walls along the handguns are an enormous problem. I of their foreign aid to capital intensive Snake soar as much as 375 feet high, hope to address that problem further projects that produced large amounts providing ideal nesting sites for birds within the 102d Congress personally. of capital goods exports for their do- of prey. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9621 Deep, wind-blown soil covers the ex­ educational activities underway at the Mr. ANNUNZIO, for 5 minutes, today. pansive plateaus above the canyohs. Birds of Prey Area. Mr. PEASE, for 5 minutes, today. Tnis fine-textured earth contains all Today, the entire Snake River Birds Mr. STUDDS, for 5 minutes, today. the characteristics which makes the of Prey network is recognized by con­ Mr. WISE, for 5 minutes, today. area a perfect site for an unusual vari­ servationists and scientists worldwide. Mr. OBERSTAR, for 5 minutes, on ety and number of small, burrowing The next important step is to guaran­ May 1. mammals-food for the raptors. tee this special conservation area by Mr. LAROCCO, for 5 minutes, on In fact, portions of the area support giving it permanent protection. May 1. the densest ground squirrel populations Naturalists have recognized the sig­ Mr. PEASE, for 5 minutes, each day on ever recorded, which constitute the nificance of the area since the 1940's. In May 1and2. principal prey of prairie falcons. Pock­ 1971, the Secretary of the Interior is­ Mr. WISE, for 60 minutes, each day on et gophers, kangaroo rats, and deer sued a public land order to protect the May 1and2. mice are also abundant, as are black­ canyon nesting habitat. Mr. OWENS of New York, for 60 min­ tailed jackrabbits-which are an im­ Extensive research was then con­ utes each day, on May 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, portant food source for golden eagles. ducted throughout the 1970's which 14, 15, 16, and 17. When raptor expert, Morley Nelson, identified the critical relationship be­ described the uniqueness of the Snake tween the canyon nesting habitat and River Birds of Prey Area, he stated, the prey habitat on the plateau. In EXTENSION OF REMARKS It is not possible to go in any direction 1980, Governor Cecil Andrus, then Sec­ from this area without losing several of the retary of Interior, issued another pub­ By unanimous consent, permission to important characteristics that make up this lic land order to protect the plateau revise and extend remarks was granted remarkable situation. The soils change, the lands from development as well as to to: geology changes, the climate changes; and in protect additional lands in the canyon (The following Members (at the re­ no other area in the Northern Hemisphere do quest of Mr. SCHIFF) and to include ex­ these combinations of factors occur to such nesting areas. benefit to the birds of prey. This order will expire in just 9 years. traneous matter:) The bill which I am introducing today Mr. BROOMFIELD. SECTION 2: CULTURAL VALUES Mr. RHODES in two instances. Not only does the area provide would make permanent this conserva­ unique habitat for birds of prey, but tion area and protect its special wild­ Mr. LENT. the story of human use of the area is life habitat as well as accommodate Mr. WALSH. remarkable, too. multiple uses and recreation demand. Mr. LAGOMARSINO. The Snake River Canyon, within the Accordingly, Madam Speaker, it Mr. DANNEMEYER in three instances. area, contains some of the oldest and gives me great pleasure to introduce (The following Members (at the re- most remarkable Native American ar­ the Snake River Birds of Prey Area quest of Mr. BERMAN) and to include chaeological sites in Idaho. Over 200 legislation, and I urge its consider­ extraneous matter:) sites are recorded, including numerous ation. Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York. outstanding petroglyphs. Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. STARK in three instances. The Oregon National Historic Trail LEAVE OF ABSENCE traverses the entire length of the area. Mr. MILLER of California in two in- Certain trail remnants are among the By unanimous consent, leave of ab­ stances. best preserved in the Nation. sence was granted to: Mr. BILBRAY. The discovery of gold in the 1860's in Mr. LEHMAN of Florida (at the re­ Mr. PENNY. the nearby Owyhee Mountains brought quest of Mr. GEPHARDT), from April 30 Mr. ROYBAL. settlement to this area. Three sites through May 23, on account of illness. Mr. FASCELL in two instances. from this period are on the National Mrs. SCHROEDER in two instances. Mr. MAZZOLI. Register of Historic Places, including SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Swan Falls Dam, built in 1901, the first Mr. MA VROULES. hydroelectric dam on the Snake River. By unanimous consent, permission to Mr. TALLON in two instances. Today, ranching, power generations, address the House, following the legis­ Mr. FAZIO. and National Guard training continue lative program and any special orders Mr. REED in three instances. to exist as multiple uses of the Birds of heretofore entered, was granted to: Mrs. MINK. Prey Area. Recreational use has in­ (The following Members (at the re­ creased dramatically in recent years. quest of Mr. SCHIFF) to revise and ex­ The area is becoming one of the most tend their remarks and include extra­ ENROLLED JOINT RESOLUTION popular in southwest Idaho for viewing neous material:) SIGNED wildlife, for fishing, and for mountain Mr. BURTON of Indiana, for 60 min­ utes each day, on May 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, and Mr. ROSE, from the Committee on bike riding and hiking. House Administration, reported that In 1984, when the World Center for 16. Mr. FIELDS, for 60 minutes, on May 1. that committee had examined and Birds of Prey was looking for a new found truly enrolled a joint resolution home, Boise, ID, seemed the logical Mrs. VUCANOVICH, for 60 minutes, on of the House of the following title, choice because of its proximity to the May 1. Mr. HUNTER, for 60 minutes, on May which was thereupon signed by the raptor nesting area. The center, oper­ Speaker: ated by the Peregrine Fund conducts 1. Mr. SCHIFF, for 60 minutes, today. H.J. Res. 173. Joint resolution to designate research and recovery operations for May 1991 and May 1992 as "Asian/Pacific endangered raptor species. Mr. SANTORUM, for 60 minutes, on American Heritage Month." The activities at the World Center May7. also fostered the start of a raptor study (The following Members (at the re­ program at Boise State University quest of Mr. BERMAN) to revise and ex­ which attracts national and inter­ tend their remarks and include extra­ ADJOURNMENT national graduate and undergraduate neous material:) Mr. LAROCCO. Madam Speaker, I students. In addition, Boise State Uni­ Mr. OBERSTAR, for 5 minutes, today. move that the House do now adjourn. versity, together with other State, Mr. GEREN of Texas, for 5 minutes, The motion was agreed to; accord­ Federal, and private groups, have today. ingly (at 3 o'clock and 1 minute p.m.), formed the Raptor Research and Tech­ Mr. LAROCCO, for 5 minutes, today. under its previous order, the House ad­ nical Assistance Center that will pro­ Mr. HOAGLAND, for 5 minutes, today. journed until tomorrow, Wednesday, vide support for research, recovery, and Mr. STARK, for 5 minutes, today. May 1, 1991, at 1 p.m. 9622 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, 1177. A letter from the Department of By Mr. HERTEL (for himself, Mr. ETC. State, transmitting a classified report on the JONES of North Carolina, Mr. BATE­ status of secondment with the United Na­ MAN, Mr. DAVIS, Mr. STUDDS, Mr. Under clause 2 of rule :XXIV, execu­ tions by the Soviet Union and Soviet bloc YOUNG of Alaska, and Mr. HUGHES): tive communications were taken from member nations, pursuant to Public Law H.R. 2130. A bill to authorize appropria­ the Speaker's table and referred as fol­ 1~204. section 701(b) (101 Stat. 1385); to the tions for the National Oceanic and Atmos­ lows: Committee on Foreign Affairs. pheric Administration for fiscal year 1992; 1178. A letter from the Attorney General, jointly, to the Committees on Merchant Ma­ 1166. A letter from the Department of the Department of Justice, transmitting a draft rine and Fisheries and Science, Space, and Army, transmitting an initial decision to re­ of proposed legislation to encourage innova­ Technology. tain the commissary storage and issue func­ tion and productivity, stimulate trade, and By Mr. JONES of North Carolina (for tion as an in-house operation at Fort Jack­ promote the competitiveness and techno­ himself, Mr. NEAL of North Carolina, son, SC, pursuant to Public Law 100-463, sec­ logical leadership of the United States; to Mr. HEFNER, Mr. VALENTINE, Mr. tion 8061 (102 Stat, 227~27); to the Committee the Committee on the Judiciary. LANCASTER, Mr. ROSE, Mr. PRICE, Mr. on Armed Services. 1179. A letter from the Secretary of Trans­ COBLE, Mr. BALLENGER, Mr. MCMIL­ 1167. A letter from the Secretary, Housing portation, transmitting a report on highway LAN of North Carolina, Mr. CARPER, and Urban Development, transmitting strat­ demonstration projects in Altoona, PA, and Mr. VENTO, and Mr. KOSTMAYER): egy and action plan developed to assist in H.R. 2131. A bill to direct the Resolution the disposition of foreclosed properties in the use of the state-of-the-art delineation technology, pursuant to Public Law 1~17, Trust Corporation to convey property in the stock of the Department, pursuant to section 149(j)(3) (101 Stat. 203); to the Com­ North Carolina known as the Nags Head Public Law 101~25, section 330(a) (104 Stat. mittee on Public Works and Transportation. Woods tract to a Government agency or 4146); to the Committee on Banking, Finance qualified organization; to the Committee on and Urban Affairs. Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs. 1168. A letter from the Assistant Attorney By Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT: General, Department of Justice, transmit­ REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 2132. A bill to authorize the Fort ting the 1990 annual report regarding the De­ Sm! th Airport Commission to transfer to the partment's enforcement activities under the Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of city of Fort Smith, AR, title to certain lands Equal Credit Opportunity Act, pursuant to 15 committees were delivered to the Clerk at the Fort Smith Municipal Airport for con­ U.S.C. 1691f; to the Committee on Banking, struction of a road; to the Committee on Finance and Urban Affairs. for printing and reference to the proper calendar, as follows: Public Works and Transportation. 1169. A letter from the President and By Mr. AuCOIN: Chairman, Export-Import Bank of the United Mr. BONIOR: Committee on Rules. House H.R. 2133. A bill to amend the Internal Rev­ States, transmitting a report on U.S. exports Resolution 136. Resolution providing for the enue Code of 1986 to provide that the passive to Mexico; to the Committee on Banking, Fi­ consideration of H.R. 1455, a bill to authorize loss limitation shall not apply to deductions nance and Urban Affairs. appropriations for fiscal year 1991 for intel­ allowable for cash out-of-pocket expenses for 1170. A letter from the Chairman, Board of ligence activities of the U.S. Government, taxes, interest, and trade or business ex­ Governors, Federal Reserve System, trans­ the Intelligence Community Staff, and the penses in connection with rental real estate mitting the annual report covering the oper­ Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and activities in which the taxpayer actively or ations of the Board during calendar year Disability System, and for other purposes materially participates; to the Committee 1990, pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 57a(f)(6); to the (Rept. 102--42). Referred to the House Cal­ on Ways and Means. Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban endar. By Mr. FIELDS (for himself, Mr. HUN­ Affairs. Mr. HALL of Ohio: Committee on Rules. TER, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. RoBERTS, 1171. A letter from the Chairman, National House Resolution 137. Resolution providing Mr. BRYANT, Mr. BARTON of Texas, Commission on Libraries and Information for the consideration of H.R. 1988, a bill to Mr. DANNEMEYER, Mr. HYDE, Mr. Science, transmitting the 19th annual report authorize appropriations to the National DUNCAN, Mr. MILLER of Ohio, and Mr. of the activities of the Commission covering Aeronautics and Space Administration for BROWN): the period October l, 1989 through September research and development, space flight, con­ H.R. 2134. A bill to amend title 10, United 30, 1990, pursuant to 20 U.S.C. 1504; to the trol, and data communications, construction States Code, to provide that certain minors Committee on Education and Labor. of facilities, research and program manage­ who are under the legal custody of members 1172. A letter from the Chairman, the John ment, and inspector general, and for other of the uniformed services are eligible for F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, purposes (Rept. 102-43). Referred to the military medical and dental care as depend­ transmitting the 1990 annual report of oper­ House Calendar. ents of the members; to the Committee on ations for the John F. Kennedy Center for Mr. GORDON: Committee on Rules. House Armed Services. the Performing Arts, pursuant to 20 U.S.C. Resolution 138. Resolution providing for the By Mr. FOGLIETTA (for himself, Mr. 761(c); to the Committee on Education and consideration of H.R. 1236, a bill to revise the RAVENEL, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. Labor. national flood insurance program to provide MACHTLEY. Mr. F ASCELL, Mr. DWYER 1173. A letter from the Secretary of Heal th for mitigation of potential flood damages of New ·Jersey, Mr. BENNETT, Mr. and Human Services, transmitting the 1989- and management of coastal erosion, ensure REED, Mr. JEFFERSON, Ms. KAPTUR, 90 annual report on the status of organ dona­ the financial soundness of the program, and Mr. ECKART, and Mr. BLAZ): tion and coordination services, pursuant to increase compliance with the mandatory H.R. 2135. A bill to amend the Maritime 42 U.S.C. 274c(4); to the Committee on En­ purchase requirement, and for other pur­ Act of 1981 to enhance interstate and foreign ergy and Commerce. poses (Rept. 102--44). Referred to the House commerce and improve competitiveness of 1174. A letter from the Secretary of Health Calendar. U.S. ports in such commerce by establishing and Human Services, transmitting the 1990 Mr. MILLER of California: Committee on a port improvement revolving loan program annual report on the National Institutes of Interior and Insular Affairs. House Concur­ to be administered jointly by the Secretary Health [Nlll) AIDS Research Loan Repay­ rent Resolution 109. Concurrent resolution of Commerce and the Secretary of Transpor­ ment Program [LRPJ; to the Committee on commemorating the 30th anniversary of the tation; to the Committee on Public Works Energy and Commerce. signing of the Antarctic Treaty on June 22, and Transportation. 1175. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 1991, and encouraging the United States to By Mr. GAYDOS: of State for Legislative Affairs, transmitting support efforts to achieve an international H.R. 2136. A bill to amend the Small Busi­ copies of the original report of political con­ agreement establishing Antarctica as a re­ ness Act to make small business concerns tributions of Raymond George Hardenbergh gion closed to commercial minerals develop­ owned and controlled by special disabled vet­ Seitz, of Texas, Career Member of the Senior ment and related activities for at least 99 erans eligible to receive procurement con­ Foreign Service, class of minister-counselor, years at the upcoming meeting of the parties tracts awards under that act; to the Commit­ to be Ambassador to the United Kingdom of to the Antarctic Treaty, April 22 through 27, tee on Small Business. Great Britain and Northern Ireland, pursu­ 1991, in Madrid, Spain; with amendments By Mr. GEREN of Texas: ant to 22 u.s.c. 3944(b)(2); to the Committee (Rept. 102-45, Pt. 1). Ordered to be printed. H.R. 2137. A bill to amend the Export-lm­ on Foreign Affairs. port Bank Act of 1945 and the Foreign Assist­ 1176. A letter from the Department of ance Act of 1961 to reform U.S. bilateral eco­ State, transmitting a report on the status of PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS nomic assistance programs, to promote the secondment with the United Nations by the purchase of U.S. goods and services, to pro­ Soviet Union and Soviet bloc member na­ Under clause 5 of rule X and clause 4 mote democracy and privatization in East­ tions, pursuant to Public Law 1~204. sec­ of rule XXII, public bills and resolu­ ern Europe, and for other purposes; jointly, tion 701(b) (101 Stat. 1385); to the Committee tions were introduced and severally re­ to the Committees on Foreign Affairs and on Foreign Affairs. ferred as follows: Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs. April 30, 1991 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 9623 By Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER: By Mr. SCHULZE (for himself, Mr. MACHTLEY, Mr. SANTORUM, Mr. H.R. 2138. A bill to require the Secretary of JENKINS, Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecti­ MCGRATH, Mr. TALLON, Mr. ROBERTS, Defense to establish a pilot program on a cut, Mr. SUNDQUIST, Mr. KOSTMAYER, Mr. KLUG, Mr. SCHIFF, Mr. MAV­ military installation for the composting of Mr. HORTON, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. ROULES, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. yard waste and cafeteria waste; to the Com­ WALSH, Mr. JONTZ, and Ms. SLAUGH­ BALLENGER, Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. mittee on Armed Services. TER of New York): CLINGER, Mr. MCEWEN, Mr. NEAL of H.R. 2139. A bill to require the Secretary of H.R. 2149. A bill to amend the Internal Rev­ North Carolina, Mr. KOPETSKI, Mr. Commerce to establish a program for provid­ enue Code of 1986 to exclude from the gross PARKER, Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. WALSH, ing grants to projects that promote estate the value of land subject to a qualified Mr. WILSON, Mr. TAYLOR of Mis­ composting of solid waste produced by com­ conservation easement if certain conditions sissippi, Mr. LANCASTER, Mr. ENGEL, mercial and recreation fishing; to the Com­ are satisfied and to defer some of the sched­ Mr. MARTIN, Mr. EMERSON, Mr. mittee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. uled reduction in estate tax rates; to the OWENS of Utah, Mr. ECKART, Mr. By Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER (for himself Committee on Ways and Means. SPENCE, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. DELAY, and Mr. PALLONE): By Mr. SLATTERY: Mr. STEARNS, Mr. FISH, Mr. MCCLOS­ H.R. 2140. A bill to require the Secretary of H.R. 2150. A bill to amend the Immigration KEY, Mr. FEIGHAN, Mrs. MINK, Mr. Transportation to conduct research on the and Nationality Act with respect to the ad­ CHAPMAN, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. HEFNER, management of waste found along Federal­ mission of professors and researchers; to the and Mr. HANSEN): aid highways, including the application of Committee on the Judiciary. H. Res. 139. Resolution expressing the sense compost in landscaping and roadside devel­ By Mr. STARK: of the House of Representatives that Federal opment of such highways; to the Committee H.R. 2151. A bill to amend the Public laws regarding the taxation of State and on Science, Space, and Technology. Health Service Act to remove the age limita­ local government bonds should not be By Mr. LAROCCO (for himself, Mr. tion for receipt of a commission in the Pub­ changed in order to increase Federal reve­ STALLINGS, and Mr. MILLER of Cali­ lic Health Service; to the Committee on En­ nues; to the Committee on Ways and Means. fornia): ergy and Commerce. H.R. 2141. A bill to establish the Snake By Mr. STUDDS (for himself, . Mr. River Birds of Prey National Conservation YOUNG of Alaska, Mrs. UNSOELD, Mr. MEMORIALS Area in the State of Idaho, and for other pur­ MATSUI, Mr. KOPETSKI, Mr. RIGGS, poses; jointly, to the Committees on Mer­ Mr. LEVIN of Michigan, Mr. Goss, Mr. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memori­ chant Marine and Fisheries and Interior and FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. MILLER als were presented and referred as fol­ Insular Affairs. of Washington, Mr. LEWIS of Florida, lows: By Mrs. LOWEY of New York: Mr. MCCLOSKEY, Mr. BEILENSON, Mr. H.R. 2142. A bill to amend the Higher Edu­ 95. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Sen­ WAXMAN, Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. DEFAZIO, ate of the State of Iowa, relative to support­ cation Act of 1965 in order to increase post­ Mr. OWENS of New York, Mr. secondary educational opportunities for ing American agriculture; to the Committee HOCHBRUECKNER, Mr. WILSON, Mr. on Agriculture. women and minorities, and for other pur­ TOWNS, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. GE.JDEN­ poses; to the Committee on Education and 96. Also, memorial of the Senate of the SON, Mr. REED, Mr. MACHTLEY, Mr. State of Iowa, relative to protesting the Labor. BRUCE, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. ACKERMAN, By Mr. MILLER of California: withholding of Federal Unemployment Tax Mr. DICKS, Mr. HERGER, Mr. LIPINSKI, Act [FUTAJ funds by the Federal Govern­ H.R. 2143. A bill to authorize consolidated and Mr. JONES of North Carolina): grants to Indian tribes to regulate environ­ ment; to the Committee on Ways and Means. mental quality on Indian reservations; to the H.R. 2152. A bill to enhance the effective­ Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. ness of the United Nations international By Mr. MILLER of California (for him­ drift net fishery conservation program; to the Committee on Merchant Marine and PRIVATE BILLS AND self, Mr. HUNTER, Mr. MARTINEZ, Mr. RESOLUTIONS PANETTA, Mr. MINETA, Mr. BROWN, Fisheries. Mr. LANTOS, Ms. PELOSI, Mrs. BOXER, By Mr. ROSE: Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private and Mr. DELLUMS): H.J. Res. 238. Joint resolution to designate bills and resolutions were introduced H.R. 2144. A bill to provide restoration of October 1991, as "National Lock-In-Safety and severally referred as follows: the Federal trust relationship with and as­ Month"; to the Committee on Post Office and Civil Service. By Mr. HUNTER: sistance to the terminated tribes of Califor­ H.R. 2153. A bill for the relief of Sanae nia Indians and the individual members By Mr. MRAZEK (for himself, Mr. VENTO, Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. OWENS of Takahashi; to the Committee on the Judici- thereof; to extend Federal recognition to ary. certain Indian tribes in California; to estab­ Utah, Mr. v ALENTINE, Mr. OWENS of New York, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. FASCELL, By Mr. INHOFE: lish administrative procedures and guide­ H.R. 2154. A bill for the relief of James E. lines to clarify the status of certain Indian Mr. ANNUNZIO, Mr. RAVENEL, Mr. Russo, Mrs. PATTERSON, Mr. COYNE, Carl; to the Committee on Armed Services. tribes in California; to establish a Federal By Mr. STUDDS: commission on policies and programs affect­ Mr. BROWN, Mr. KOSTMAYER, Mr. MFUME, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. JONTZ, Mr. H.R. 2155. A bill to authorize issuance of a ing California Indians; and for other pur­ certificate of documentation with appro­ poses; to the Committee on Interior and In­ OLIN, Mr. PENNY, Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. SHAYS, priate endorsement for employment in the sular Affairs. coastwise trade of the United States for the By Mr. MILLER of California (for him­ Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. MOODY, Mr. AT­ KINS, Mrs. BOXER, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. vessel Mayflower II and for other purposes; to self, Mr. WILLIAMS, Mr. RICHARDSON, the Committee on Merchant Marine and Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. Fisheries. CAMPBELL of Colorado, and Mr. By Mr. TALLON: F ALEOMAVAEGA): SERRANO, Mr. LEHMAN of California, H.R. 2145. A bill to authorize appropria­ Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. ANDREWS of H.R. 2156. A bill for the relief of William A. Proffitt; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tions for Indian reservation roads; to the Maine, Mr. MINETA, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. Committee on Public Works and Transpor­ PELOSI, Mr. RAMSTAD, Mr. FUSTER, tation. Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. SIKORSKI, Mr. By Mrs. MINK: LANCASTER, Mr. JONES of Georgia, ADDITIONAL SPONSORS H.R. 2146. A bill to amend the Internal Rev­ Mr. SABO, Mr. COOPER, Mrs. SCHROE­ DER, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. DYMALLY, Mr. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors enue Code of 1986 to modify the determina­ were added to public bills and resolu­ tion of eligible basis in difficult development PANETTA, Mr. SPRATT, Mr. ROEMER, areas for the low-income housing credit; to Mr. TORRES, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. REED, tions as follows: the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. LEHMAN of Florida, Mr. JACOBS, H.R. 14: Mr. LANTOS, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. LEWIS By Mr. ROSE: Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York, Mr. of Georgia, Mr. PAYNE of Virginia, Mr. H.R. 2147. A bill to extend the existing sus­ BEILENSON, Mr. DIXON, Mr. YATES, BROWN, Mr. DICKS, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. FUS­ pension of duty on thiothiamine hydro­ Mr. SWETT, Mr. NEAL of North Caro­ TER, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mrs. UNSOELD, Ms. chloride; to the Committee on Ways and lina, Mr. SKAGGS, Mr. RINALDO, and SLAUGHTER of New York, Mr. MRAZEK, Mr. Means. Mr. KENNEDY): · CRAMER, and Mr. EVANS. By Mrs. SCHROEDER: H.J. Res. 239. Joint resolution to designate H.R. 43: Mr. CAMPBELL of Colorado and Mr. H.R. 2148. A bill to reduce the authorized certain lands in Alaska as wilderness; to the FAWELL. end strength for the number of U.S. military Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs. H.R. 77: Mr. COBLE, Mr. NUSSLE, Mr. JAMES, personnel in Europe; to the Committee on By Mr. COMBEST (for himself, Mr. AL­ Mr. SOLOMON, and Mr. DOOLITTLE. Armed Services. LARD, Mr. GALLO, Mr. HORTON, Mr. H.R. 78: Mr. SENSENBRENNER. 9624 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE April 30, 1991 H.R. 123: Mr. HUCKABY, Mr. TAUZIN, and Mr. REED, Mr. MRAZEK, Mr. ECKART, and Mr. ROEMER, Mr. BEVILL, Mr. RAVENEL, Mr. GALLEGLY. MORAN. MCDERMO'IT, Mr. KENNEDY, and Mr. KOLTER. H.R. 252: Mr. BROOMFIELD and Mr. SPRA'IT. H.R. 1527: Mr. ALEXANDER, Mr. PICKE'IT, H.J. Res. 188: Mr. RAMSTAD, Mr. EMERSON, H.R. 328: Mr. VALENTINE. and Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. KOLTER, Mr. NEAL of H.R. 330: Mr. STARK, Mr. SCHEUER, Mr. H.R. 1578: Mr. EVANS, Mr. SLA'ITERY, Mr. Massachusetts, Mr. LANCASTER, Mr. GILMAN, YATES, Mr. BERMAN, and Mr. MATSUI. PICKE'IT, Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT, Mr. BURTON of Mr. SLAUGHTER of Virginia, Mr. SMITH of H.R. 386: Mr. BONIOR, Mr. FRANK of Massa­ Indiana, Mr. lNHOFE, Mr. JENKINS, Mr. HEF­ New Jersey, Mr. MCCRERY, Mr. RI'ITER, Mr. chusetts, Mr. SIKORSKI, and Mr. MRAZEK. NER, Mr. RICHARDSON, Mr. STENHOLM, Mr. RIGGS, Mr. AUCOIN, Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. DAR­ H.R. 459: Mr. FISH, Mr. Goss, and Mrs. PAYNE of Virginia, Mr. PARKER, and Mr. DEN, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. MATSUI, and Mr. HAYES LOWEY of New York. HARRIS. of Louisiana. H.R. 479: Mr. LAGOMARSINO. H.R. 1601: Ms. KAPTUR. H.J. Res. 231: Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. ACK­ H.R. 614: Mr. ENGEL, Mr. NAGLE, and Mr; H.R. 1647: Mr. PETRI, Mr. LIVINGSTON, and ERMAN, Mr. ALEXANDER, Mr. ANDERSON, Mr. HERTEL. Mr. ALLARD. ANDREWS of Texas, Mr. ARMEY, Mr. BONIOR, H.R. 652: Mr. DWYER of New Jersey and Mr. H.R. 1649: Mr. DWYER of New Jersey, and Mr. BORSKI, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, Mr. LANCASTER. Mr. HERTEL. BUSTAMANTE, Mr. CAMPBELL of Colorado, Mr. H.R. 672: Mr. KENNEDY. H.R. 1669: Mr. MINETA, and Mr. EDWARDS of COLEMAN of Texas, Mrs. COLLINS of Michigan, H.R. 741: Mr. MACHTLEY. California. Mr. DARDEN, Mr. DE LUGO, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. H.R. 744: Mr. BENNE'IT. H.R. 1691: Mr. COBLE, Mr. MILLER of Cali­ DICKINSON, Mr. ERDREICH, Mr. ESPY, Mr. H.R. 786: Mr. BLAZ, Mr. SISISKY, Mr. SLAT­ fornia, Mr. FEIGHAN, Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. FISH, TERY, Mrs. BYRON, and Mr. HAMMERSCHMIDT. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. FIELDS, Mr. Mr. COLEMAN of Texas, Mr. NOWAK, Mrs. FROST, Mr. GoRDON, Mr. GUARINI, Mr. HALL H.R. 849: Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York, Mrs. UNSOELD, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. PENNY, and Mr. LOWEY of New York, Mr. HERTEL, and Mr. of Texas, Mr. HANSEN, Mr. HEFNER, Mr. ACKERMAN. HOCHBRUECKNER, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. HU'ITO, OWENS of Utah. H.R. 1703: Mr. DIXON. H.R. 875: Mr. MRAZEK, Mr. CARR, and Mrs. Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. KLECZKA, H.R. 1736: Mr. WALSH, Mr. KLUG, Mr. Mr. KOPETSKI, Mr. JONES of North Carolina, LOWEY of New York. BRUCE, Mr. GRANDY, and Mr. BEREUTER. H.R. 944: Mr. CLINGER, Mr. MCDERMO'IT, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. LANCASTER, Mr. LEWIS H.R. 1746:, Mr. LANCASTER, Mr. WOLF, Mr. of California, Mr. LEWIS of Florida, Mr. LI­ Mr. WOLPE, Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York, Mr. FEIGHAN, Ms. SNOWE, Ms. NORTON, Mr. BE­ FRANK of Massachusetts, and Mr. KosT­ PINSKI, Mr. MCCLOSKEY, Mr. MCCOLLUM, Mr. REUTER, Mr. JOHNSTON of Florida, Mr. FAS­ MATSUI, Mr. MAVROULES, Mr. NUSSLE, Mr. MAYER. CELL, and Mr. WILSON. H.R. 961: Mr. RIGGS. OBERSTAR, Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. OXLEY, Mr. H.R. 1782: Mr. DERRICK, Mr. WISE, Mr. DE PALLONE, Mrs. PA'ITERSON, Mr. PERKINS, Mr. H.R. 967: Mr. FRANKS of Connecticut and LUGO, Mr. MCDERMO'IT, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. LI­ Mr. DIXON. POSHARD, Mr. QUILLEN, Mr. REED, Mr. PINSKI, Mr. FORD of Tennessee, Mr. PAYNE of H.R. 1015: Mr. MRAZEK. RHODES, Mr. RI'ITER, Mr. ROE, Mr. RoGERS, New Jersey, Mr. LEHMAN of Florida, Mr. VAL­ H.R. 1049: Mrs. BYRON, Mr. CAMPBELL of Mr. ROHRABACHER, Mr. RoTH, Mr. SABO, Mr. ENTINE, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. MARTINEZ, Mr. GoR­ California, Mr. GILCHREST, Mr. MCCOLLUM, SANGMEISTER, Mr. SHUSTER, Mr. SLA'ITERY, DON, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. WEISS, Mr. WILSON, Mr. Mr. RI'ITER, and Mr. BLAZ. Mr. SPENCE, Mr. STALLINGS, Mr. STENHOLM, SMITH of Florida, Mr. OWENS of New York, H.R.1064: Mr. COBLE and Mr. BLILEY. Mr. STUDDS, Mr. THOMAS of Georgia, Mr. Mrs. LLOYD, Mr. FOGLIE'ITA, Mr. LEWIS of H.R. 1108: Mr. SLA'ITERY. THOMAS of California, Mrs. UNSOELD, Mr. H.R. 1110: Mr. MILLER of Washington, Mr. Georgia, Mr. NEAL of North Carolina, Mr. ROSE, Mr. RAVENEL, Mrs. BENTLEY, and Mr. VISCLOSKY, and Mr. WILSON. HOUGHTON, and Mr. FLAKE. H. Con. Res. 81: Mr. MARTINEZ, Mr. ESPY, H.R. 1112: Mr. RIGGS, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. FEIGHAN. H.R. 1794: Mr. STUDDS, Mr. OWENS of New Mr. MCNULTY, Mrs. BYRON, Mr. TAUZIN, and WOLPE, and Mr. LIPINSKI. Ms. SNOWE. H.R. 1124: Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. COLEMAN of York, Mr. DWYER of New Jersey, Mrs. LLOYD, Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. LIPINSKI, and Ms. SLAUGH­ H. Con. Res. 118; Mr. DWYER of New Jersey, Texas, Mr. DORNAN of California, Mr. JEF­ Mr. YATRON, Mr. MCNULTY, Mr. FERSON, Mr. KENNEDY, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, Mr. TER of New York. H.R. 1916: Mr. DEFAZIO and Mr. ESPY. HOCHBRUECKNER, Mr. KOSTMAYER, Mr. SABO, RAMSTAD, Mr. RAVENEL, Mr. RICHARDSON, Mr. MACHTLEY, Mr. FROST, Mr. PAXON, Mr. Mr. STAGGERS, and Mr. TRAFICANT. H.R. 1955: Mr. JEFFERSON and Mr. HUGHES. H.R. 1956: Mr. JEFFERSON and Mr. HUGHES. GEJDENSON, Mr. BROWN, Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. H.R. 1185: Mr. ENGEL, Mr. LAGOMARSINO, GEPHARDT, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. ATKINS, Mr. Mr. CARPER, Mr. KOPETSKI, and Mr. PORTER. H.R. 2053: Mr. MARKEY and Mr. KENNEDY. H.R. 2083: Mr. NEAL of North Carolina, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. HERTEL, Mr. JONTZ, Mr. KOLBE, H.R. 1201: Mr. RIGGS. Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. HUGHES, Ms. SNOWE and H.R. 1233: Mr. JOHNSON of South Dakota. DEFAZIO, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. EDWARDS of California, and Ms. PELOSI. Ms. NORTON. H.R. 1238: Mrs. BENTLEY. H. Con. Res. 131: Mrs. BYRON' Mr. KLECZKA, H.R. 1245: Mr. OWENS of Utah, Mr. H.J. Res. 10: Mr. PENNY, Mr. QUILLEN, Mr. Mr. RICHARDSON, Mr. WASHINGTON, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. BUSTAMANTE, Mrs. RAVENEL, and Mr. WILSON. TORRES, Mr. FROST, and Mr. HERGER. LOWEY of New York, and Mr. DORNAN of Cali­ H.J. Res. 88: Mr. MARKEY and Mrs. MINK. fornia. H.J. Res. 120: Mr. GORDON, Mr. KENNEDY, H. Res. 40: Mr. TORRICELLI. H.R. 1343: Mr. DWYER of New Jersey, Mr. Mr. KILDEE, Mr. ORTIZ, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. H. Res. 101: Ms. KAPTUR, Mr. NEAL of North JOHNSTON of Florida, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. LEHMAN of California, Mr. HUCKABY, Mr. Carolina, Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. HERTEL, Mr. MFUME, Mr. WALSH, Mr. BRYANT, Mr. SABO, STUMP, Mr. GUNDERSON, Mr. JEFFERSON, Mr. STUDDS, and Mr. APPLEGATE. Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. SIKORSKI, and Mr. KEN­ COBLE, Mr. GILCHREST, Mr. CHANDLER, Mr. H. Res. 115: Mr. LEACH, Mr. ZIMMER, Mr. NEDY. GRANDY, Mr. HOYER, Mr. cox of California, STUDDS, and Mr. TOWNS. H.R. 1411: Mr. HANCOCK, Mr. DICKINSON, Mr. Mr. PORTER, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. DIXON, Ms. FASCELL, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, Mr. MOLINARI, Mr. OBEY, Mr. LAUGHLIN, Mr. SPENCE, Mr. BENNE'IT, Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. GINGRICH, Mr. REGULA, Mrs. MFUME, Ms. HORN, Mr. WHEAT, Mr. BLAZ, Mr. JOHNSON of Connecticut, Mr. BLAZ, Mr. PETITIONS, ETC. SCHUMER, and Mr. ROEMER. RHODES, Mr. THOMAS of Wyoming, Mr. GEREN Under clause 1 of rule :XXII, petitions H.R. 1414: Mr. BORSKI, Mr. MCMILLAN of of Texas, Mr. HATCHER, Mr. HAMILTON, Mr. North Carolina, Mr. PACKARD, Mr. HANCOCK, RIDGE, and Mr. SAWYER. and papers were laid on the Clerk's and Mr. DYMALLY. H.J. Res. 156: Mrs. VUCANOVICH, Ms. OAKAR, desk and referred as follows: H.R.1446: Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. LOWERY of California, Mr. DYMALLY, Mr. 76. By the Speaker: Petition of citizens of H.R. 1454: Mr. PANE'ITA, Mr. EDWARDS of SMITH of Oregon, Mr. FISH, Mr. GUARINI, Mr. the Fifth District of Tennessee, relative to California, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, and Mrs. GREEN of New York, Mr. HUGHES, Mr. WISE, the brutal treatment of the Kurdish people; MINK. and Ms. NORTON. to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. H.R.1457: Mr. EcKART and Mr. ERDREICH. H.J. Res. 185: Mr. CAMP, Mr. HASTERT, Mr. 77. Also, petition of the common council of H.R. 1502: Mrs. UNSOELD, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. LEVINE of California, Mrs. VUCANOVICH, Ms. the city of Buffalo, relative to the Kurdish HOAGLAND, Mr. FOGLIE'ITA, Mr. ATKINS, Mr. KAPTUR, Mr. FOGLIE'ITA, Mr. PANE'ITA, Mr. people; to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9625 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS SOUTH FLORIDA MOURNS ALICE ness. She was very active, talking to people, "Alice's strength was knowing everybody WAINWRIGHT appearing before regulatory boards. in town," said Joe Podgor, a Friends of the "She loved this community of South Flor­ Everglades activist. ida, and she loved this state-from Key West Robert Kelley, past president of the Tropi­ HON. DANTE B. FASCEil . to the Alabama line. She always used to say cal Audubon Society, said Mrs. Wainwright OF FLORIDA that." leaves a broad legacy: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A service is scheduled for 1 p.m. Friday in "She was instrumental for historic preser­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Trinity Episcopal Cathedral, on· Bayshore vation here and in Maine. She will be re­ Drive at the corner of Northeast 16th Street. membered for her work on the Everglades Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, last week, Besides her son, Mrs. Wainwright is survived and other conservation issues. She was the south Florida lost one of its foremost environ­ by two grandsons and a sister-in-law. National Audubon Society's South Florida mental crusader and civic leader. Alice Wain­ Wainwright said his mother wanted no representative for almost 20 years, coordi­ wright passed away at the age of 83. flowers sent, but would appreciate donations nating all six chapters here, and on the A resident of Miami for 57 years, Mrs. Wain­ to the Tropical Audubon Society, the Uni­ board of directors at Fairchild Tropical Gar­ versity of Miami's Chapel of the Venerable den for many years.•• wright was a remarkable woman who became Alice Cutts Wainwright was born into a an attorney in midlife and served as a member Bede, or an Alice Wainwright Memorial Fund being established for the city of Miami. family of military officers and lawyers. of the Miami City Commission. Her activities in "It's for anything the city wants," the son An uncle, Marine Gen. John Wriggs Myers, behalf of the community were plentiful. But her said. "Cleaning windows, fixing the sewers if was senior U.S. officer in China. His father, first love and most ardent cause was the envi­ necessary. She always said she didn't want a Confederate general, established and ronment and for that she worked tirelessly to be remembered for parks, but for sewers." named the Florida Gulf coast city of Fort whenever an issue arose that required atten­ In her one City Commission term, Mrs. Myers. Col. Richard M. Cutts of the Marines tion. Wainwright led the movement to raise funds was Alice's father. She was born at the Bear Island Navy Yard in California. As a longtime member and former president for construction of the sewage treatment of the Tropical Audubon Society, there was plant on Virginia Key. WIDOWED EARLY not a major issue involving the preservation of Parks were important to her, too. She got She attended Briarcliffe College in New the commission to buy land for a park York. In 1926, at a dinner in Washington, she south Florida's environment in which she was named after Everett Sewell, an old-days met her future husband, John T. Wainwright, not involved as a major player, whether it was mayor. Another park, between Brickell Ave­ who was studying for a Foreign Service ca­ the establishment of Biscayne National Park, nue and Biscayne Bay, is named after Mrs. reer. the preservation of Everglades National Park Wainwright. In 1930, when he was a consular officer in or the prevention of construction of a jetport in Cuba, John Wainwright drowned trying to the Big Cypress National Preserve. If there CIVIC BEAUTIFICATION save a couple swept off a pier by waves. Alice was something involving the environment that In the 1960s she worked ardently for civic Wainwright, pregnant and a widow after five beautification, a campaign led nationally by needed to be done, I knew I could expect a months of marriage, never remarried. the president's wife, Lady Bird Johnson. With her small son and her mother, she call from Alice just to let me know she was They were awarded medals together by the came to Miami in 1934 on vacation, fell in looking over my shoulder in case I didn't do all Garden Clubs of America in 1968. love with the place and stayed. she thought I should. As a city commissioner, Mrs. Wainwright During World War Il, she drove dignitaries Alice Wainwright was truly an inspiration also wrote and shoved into law a comprehen­ around for the Red Cross. For about eight and guiding force for all of us in south Florida sive sign control ordinance forbidding bill­ months, she helped assemble airplane propel­ who cherish, and have worked for the preser­ boards beside expressways inside the city lers in the old Pan Am hangar at Dinner vation of, our natural resources. limits. They uglied up the view; Mrs. Wain­ Key. wright could not stand ugliness. OPENED LAW OFFICE I commend to our colleagues an article from One sign rising above Biscayne Boulevard the April 24 edition of the Miami Herald, along was her candidate for worst of all, though At age 40, Mrs. Wainwright started law with an editorial from the April 26 edition other forces for good in the community school at the University of Miami. She which describe Alice Wainwrighf s outstanding thought it cute. That was Coopertone's sun­ opened a one-woman office in 1950. life and career. She will be deeply missed. tan lotion sign, the mechanical one with a Mrs. Wainwright wrote the charter for Friends of the Everglades, founded in 1969 by [From the Miami Herald, Apr. 24, 1991) playful dog pulling a little girl's swimsuit down from behind. Majority Stoneman Douglas. It was a natu­ ALICE W AINWRIGIIT, CRUSADER FOR ral association of leaders in the Florida envi­ ENVIRONMENT, DIES AT 83 "Blatantly distasteful," Alice Wainwright sniffed. ronmental movement. (By Arnold Markowitz) They were good friends and occasionally Alice Wainwright, devoted bodyguard and NO SNOB, BUT A BLUE-BLOOD shared vacations at the Wainwright family booster of Mother Nature, died Tuesday Although no snob, she was blue-blooded, summer home in Maine. morning in Miami, her home for 57 years. inimitably polite, cultured, diplomatic and "We were both from New England," Doug­ She was 83, an active and influential envi­ refined. She would never do anything she las said Tuesday. "We were very much inter­ ronmental crusader to the end. considered inappropriate. ested in the work we were doing. We were Mrs. Wainwright, who served a term on the Neither would she set aside her principles. ·both independent women." City Commission from 1961~. was a long­ She persisted through four years of hearings Douglas, who celebrated her lOlst birthday time leader of the Tropical Audubon Society to enact her billboard ordinance. April 7, was sad to hear of her friend's death and Fairchild Tropical Garden. She led and "I'm like a dog with a bone," she said. "If at 83, but said: supported many crusades, including preven­ I set my mind to something. I keep on and "That's not such a bad age to die. She was tion of a jetport in Big Cypress Swamp and on and on and on." a very able woman. It's a great loss to the a resort city on the Islands of what is now She was the first woman elected to the community." Biscayne National Park. City Commission, though not the first fe­ She was admitted to Mercy Hospital fol­ male member. That was Anna M. Perry, ap­ [From the Miami Herald, Apr. 26, 1991) lowing a heart attack Sunday, a spokes­ pointed in 1938 to finish the term of a com­ FRIEND OF NATURE, AND OF ALL-ALICE woman reported, and died at 7:43 a.m. Tues­ missioner who retired. WAINWRIGIIT, 83 day. To appreciate noblesse oblige, don't turn "Yesterday she felt like her old self and STILL INFLUENTIAL to the lexicography of Noah Webster; turn to wanted to go home," said her son John T. Long after quitting elective politics beause the life of Alice Wainwright. The 57-year Wainwright, a lawyer who lives in Washing­ of her heart condition, Mrs. Wainwright ex­ resident of Miami, who died on Tuesday at ton. "She did not have a long, disabling 111- erted surprising influence. age 83, personified "the obligation of honor-

• This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Maner set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. 9626 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 able, generous, and responsible behavior that the number of qualified scientists and engi­ underrepresented minorities are a vast un­ is a concomitant of high rank or birth." neers we are training. One of the most impor­ tapped resource on which our future competi­ Mrs. Wainwright came by her sense of duty tant strategies for doing so is to increase the tiveness will depend. naturally. Her family had deep roots in New number of women and minorities who are The need for legislation to aid women and England, in the military, and in the law. She married a diplomat, but he drowned when trained in science and mathematics. underrepresented minorities in entering the she was 22 and pregnant with their only There is a major underrepresentation of fields of science and mathematics was recog­ child. women and minorities in science courses and nized in congressional hearings as long ago As a widow of means raising a son, Mrs. careers. Although women constitute approxi­ as the as the 96th Congress. However, little Wainwright easily could have confined her­ mately 50 percent of the total professional progress has been made to date in improving self to family duties and the social whirl. To workforce, they represent under 13 percent of the many flaws that currently exist in the edu­ her credit and Miami's benefit, Mrs. Wain­ our scientists and engineers. Moreover, al­ cation pipeline. wright instead embarked upon a remarkable though African-Americans constitute over 1O The women and minorities in science and career of civic duty and public service. She percent of total United States employment, mathematics act of 1991 is an attempt to en­ earned a law degree and practiced law. She later served on the Miami City Commission they represent only 2.6 percent of our sci­ sure that we maximize our ability to train high­ (1961-65), where she championed the environ­ entists and engineers. ly skilled scientists and engineers. It recog­ ment long before it became fashionable. · A major cause of this underrepresentation is nizes that we face several imperatives as a Indeed, preserving Florida's environment a differential treatment of women and minori­ Nation in this regard. In order to spur more became her life's passion. She served as ties at all levels of our educational system. Not women and underrepresented minorities to president (and later as president emeritus) of only are women and minorities discouraged in enter the fields of science and mathematics Miami's Tropical Audubon Society (1969-72). many different ways from pursuing these and succeed in these fields, they must receive More important, she accepted the National fields, but there is a significant difference in appropriate support in secondary, postsecond­ Audubon Society's assignmen.t to coordinate the extent of formal support and opportunities ary and graduate educational institutions, in- · its six Southeast Florida chapters, from the Palm Beaches to the Keys. At Audubon, she available to women and minorities. eluding counseling and student aid. In addi­ also trained and inspired a new generation of The entire educational pipeline is flawed in tion, we must provide proper training for exist­ environmentalists. this regard. From elementary school to high ing mathematics and science teachers and re­ No cause was more dear to Alice Wain­ school and college, girls and minorities are cruit women and underrepresented minorities wright than the Fairchild Tropical Garden. discouraged from taking science and mathe­ as teachers in these fields. She served on its board of directors for near­ matics courses and from entering special pro­ The bill accomplishes these tasks through a ly 30 years and chaired its medal-awards grams in these fields. Moreover, teachers are series of amendments to existing programs committee for a decade. often inadequately prepared for teaching under the Higher Education Act. These Alice Wainwright will be remembered at services this afternoon at Trinity Episcopal science and mathematics. Over 50 percent of amendments address almost every level of Cathedral. Yet no memorial could be more the elementary school teachers in this Nation education, from the high school to the grad­ appropriate than for South Floridians to em­ have never taken a science or mathematics uate level. More specifically, these amend­ brace the causes that she personified: Nature course past high school. And high school ments will accomplish the following important and beauty, honor and duty. guidance counselors tend not to encourage goals, among others: women and minorities to prepare in the Provide for increased counseling at the high sciences. school level to encourage women and THE WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN The result is a significant performance gap underrepresented minorities to prepare for en­ SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS between boys and girls, and blacks and trance into the fields of science and tech­ ACT OF 1991 whites, in science and mathematics. For ex­ nology; ample, boys take, on the average, one more Fund grants to school, college, and univer­ HON. NITA M. LOWEY math class than girls do. They score an aver­ sity partnerships designed to encourage OF NEW YORK age of 45 points higher on the math portion of women and minorities to enter the fields of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the SAT test, and they score an average of 40 science and mathematics; to 90 points higher than blacks and Hispanics Authorize resource centers designed to en­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 on that test. courage model and cooperative education in Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, I This performance gap has been steadily in­ the fields of science and mathematics for rise today to introduce the Women and Minori­ creasing. In fact, the performance gap be­ women and underrepresented minorities; ties in Science and Mathematics Act of 1991, tween 13-year-old boys and girls has more Fund grants to institutions of higher edu­ important legislation designed to enhance than doubled in the last 16 years, and the gap cation for graduate programs designed to en­ postsecondary educational opportunities for at age 9 has also increased. courage a larger number of women and women and underrepresented minorities in The problem is compounded in later years. underrepresented minorities to enter the fields science and mathematics. Women graduate students in the sciences are of science and mathematics; America is facing a severe and worsening less likely than men to have either institutional Provide for training of faculty and staff to shortage of scientists-one that threatens our or Federal support during· their graduate stud­ develop educational programs specific to the ability to compete in the world marketplace. In­ ies. Teaching and research assistantships are encouragement of women and under­ sufficient numbers of students are currently not afforded equally to women as to men. And represented mi{lorities in science and mathe­ pursuing education and training in science and women are more likely than men to be self­ matics; and mathematics. As a result, critical scientific and supporting or to have to borrow money to Provide for teacher recruitment and reten­ technical jobs will remain unfilled. In fact, if complete their education. tion of women and underrepresented minori­ present patterns continue, the United States Moreover, women and minorities are ties in the fields of science and mathematics will experience a net shortfall of approximately underrepresented in higher levels of the edu­ through scholarship assistance and midcareer 750,000 scientists and engineers by the year cational system and in the private sector, re­ teacher training. 2000. sulting in fewer role models for women and Because these amendments are all to exist­ At the same time, the performance of Amer­ minorities who are currently in the educational ing programs of the Higher Education Act, ican students in science and mathematics is pipeline. they do not require any additional funding and extremely weak in comparison to the perform­ It is clear that our Nation must act now to are likely to have a strong and immediate im­ ance of students in other industrial nations. train more women and underrepresented mi­ pact. Moreover, our teachers are often inadequately norities to become scientists and engineers. As a result of underrepresentation of women prepared in these subject areas. In general, This is not only a matter of ensuring equal op­ and minorities in the sciences, our Nation's the scientific literacy of the American public is portunity for all of our citizens, it is a matter of brainpower is being underutilized and is not extremely low. economic survival for our Nation. Faced with a contributing sufficiently to economic growth If we are to remain competitive in the 21st severe threat to our ability to compete, we and international competitiveness. The century, we must act now to improve science must act to ensure that we have an adequate Women and Minorities in Science and Mathe­ and mathematics education, and to increase pool of scientists and engineers. Women and matics Act is designed to correct this impor- April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9627 tant flaw in our educational system. It will sig­ in San Francisco's North Beach and grad­ words, not mine. But we will never know. We nificantly expand career opportunities for uated from McClymond's High School in Oak­ marched off to slay the "Vietnam-syndrome," women and underrepresented minorities, while land, CA. He was proud of his Mexican-Amer­ President Bush's words, not mine, and landed at the same time bringing increased excel­ ican heritage and proud of the fact that he had in a Vietnam-style quagmire. lence and achievement to American industry. worked his way from truck driver, to fireman, I know what President Bush is attempting to This legislation should be a top priority for all to rug cleaning and sales entrepreneur, to a articulate. The President would prefer that our Americans who believe that continued eco­ bail bonds partnership, to Hayward City Coun­ wars be Grenadas-tiny islands where an nomic growth is essential to our Nation's secu- cilman before becoming elected to the Ala­ overwhelming military force can swoop in and rity. meda County Board of Supervisors in 1974. out, without detonating a civil war and setting Mr. Speaker, I urge all of my colleagues to He also served in the Marine Corps in World loose 1 million refugees with nowhere to go. join me in cosponsoring the Women and Mi­ War II. Would not we all? Even better would be a war norities in Science and Mathematics Act of Charlie was a man who never lost the com­ where no one got killed and when the firing 1991. mon touch in over 21 years of service-he stopped, the combatants all went out for pizza. was always Charlie, never Charles. He was Where is the Duchy of Grand Fenwick now widely known for his aggressive representation that we need it? OLYMPIC PRIDE DAY of individuals. Among his proudest achieve­ Aside from slaying syndromes and avoiding ments following his election to the board were quagmires, what other goals might we have HON. JACK REED the adoption of mobile home rent stabilization, had? How about democracy? Democracy in OF RHODE ISLAND establishment of the county's Paramedic Pro­ Kuwait? Democracy in Iraq? Why not? We de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES gram with continued funding for three county­ feated Iraq and saved Kuwait. Why not take Tuesday, April 30, 1991 wide trauma centers, adoption of a neighbor­ advantage of the opportunity to promote de­ Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, on April 22, I had hood preservation ordinance, and expanded mocracy in the Middle East. One way to avoid the privilege of joining several employees of services for senior citizens and the homeless. quagmires is to drain the swamp. the Providence Division of the U.S. Postal As chairman of the Alameda Housing Council, I would like to share with my colleagues an Service in celebrating Olympic Pride Day. I he worked aggressively . to promote and pro­ insightful essay on this topic by Hoover Insti­ was honored to be joined by Michael Ardente, vide affordable housing. tute fellow Gregory Fossedal that appeared in Rhode Island State president of the National Charlie was a great fan of all sports and a the San Diego Union: Association of Letter Carriers, Art Salzillo, fixture at the Oakland Coliseum. Earlier this SHOULD DEMOCRACY IN IRAQ BE A GoAL FOR president of NALC Branch 15 and Wallace month he attended the unveiling of a mural POSTWAR UNITED STATES POLICY? Kido, general manager of the Providence divi­ that he had commissioned to honor the mem­ (By Gregory Fossedal) sion. This occasion marked the issuing of the ory of Abe Souza, a long-time peanut vendor American diplomacy in the Persian Gulf new "Flag with Olympic Rings" postage who had died earlier in the year. He also initi­ should have as a central and animating goal ated the east bay's attempts last year to lure the promotion of U.N.-supervised, multi­ stamp. party elections in Iraq. This stamp, of course, is a symbol of our the Oakland Raiders back. Al Davis and mem­ bers of the former Oakland Raiders sent flow­ Yet even as discussion turns toward post­ Nation's recognition of the proud Olympic tra­ war settlement, many Western leaders and dition. The first modem Olympics in 1896 were ers to his funeral. commentators seem obsessed with the fun­ held in Athens, Greece, and the first winter Charlie also served as a member of the Ala­ damentally negative question of how to get games just 28 years later in Chamonix, meda County Transportation Authority, the rid of dictator Saddam Hussein. There is France. In both the summer and winter Hispanic Community Affairs Council, the ALS growing support among members of the al­ games, the "USA" has competed against na­ Research Foundation, the California Hispanic lied coalition for such a solution. Still, many tions around the world and always strived to Supervisors Caucus, the Hayward Boys and respected Western observers and commenta­ tors dismiss the proposal, some with wistful be the best. The Nation has also had many Girls Club, the Hundred Club Of Alameda County, the VFW Post 1882, the South Hay­ ambivalence, others with contempt. And the opportunities to play host to the games, in­ United States remains on the rhetorical side­ cluding 1980's "miracle on ice" win over the ward Democratic Club, the Native Sons of the lines. Why? Soviets in Lake Placid and the four gold medal Golden West, the Hayward Elks Lodge, and Few would argue that establishing a solid performance of Carl Lewis in Los Angeles in served as the Executive Secretary for the Bay democratic regime in Baghdad, if it were 1984. Area Sports Organizing Committee. possible, would be a bad thing. Critics are I look forward to the winter games in 1992 Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay tribute to moved, rather, by doubts that such an out­ in Albertsville, France, as well as the summer the memory of Charlie Santana. He will be come is plausible enough to merit discus­ sion, and by prudent fears that making the games in Barcelona, Spain. I am certain these missed. Not only was he a role model for the Hispanic community, he was a role model for effort-even stating the goal-would be dan­ games will once again demonstrate in athletic gerous. Yet a U.S. effort to promote a test competition the pride and spirit of all Ameri­ us all. for democracy in Iraq emerges as the most cans-much the same spirit shown by the practical and, ultimately, the most moral, of course. It would in fact offer vital encourage­ Providence postal employees in celebrating DEMOCRACY IN IRAQ the Olympic tradition. ment to the democratic forces in Iraq to step up their efforts to oust the present dictator­ HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER ship. IN MEMORY OF CHARLIE SANTANA OF COLORADO Democratic forces in a Muslim country? To many, the phrase is a self-contradiction. Yet IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as many experts in the region have observed, HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Tuesday, April 30, 1991 the portrait of Islam historically, and the re­ OF CALIFORNIA Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, the Presi­ gion today, as monolithically antidemo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cratic, may be oversimplified. Turkey, Iran, dent's sudden aversion to all matters Iraqi is Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Pakistan, and Egypt all have elected legisla­ some tum-about. He does not want to get in­ tures and at least nominal opposition par­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to pay volved in a Vietnam-style quagmire. Well, nei­ ties. While none of these countries rank as a tribute to Supervisor Charles Santana who ther do I. For that matter, I would prefer not paradigm of stable democracy and civil lib­ died Monday, April 15, after a massive heart to get involved in another Gallipoli, War of erties, each illustrates that democracy for attack. Supervisor Santana represented Ala­ 1812, Battle of Bull Run, or Custer's Last Iraq is far from unthinkable. (Each ranks as meda County, in California's Ninth Congres­ Stand-at least not on the losing side. democratic or partly democratic in the an­ sional District, for 17 years. With Charlie's As for Iraq, I would have preferred had we nual Freedom House survey.) The presence already of Radio Free Iraq, of sudden death, Alameda County residents maintained the United Nations sanctions for a substantial and oppressed minority popu­ have lost both a friend and a tireless cham­ longer period of time. If Saddam Hussein had lations and political factions, and of opposi­ pion. withdrawn in response to the sanctions, tion by large elements of the Iraqi elite to Charlie Santana was a role model for the maybe we would not today be at the edge of Saddam's war on Kuwait, testify there are community. He was born December 25, 1925 a "Vietnam style quagmire"-President Bush's some democratic elements in Baghdad today. 9628 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 The very willingness of such countries as China, South Africa, Latin America-a ma­ Grand Strand Water & Sewer Authority for this Saudi Arabia to join a Western coalition, and jority of the world's people now live in coun­ well-deserved award. of the leaders of Kuwait to discuss democ­ tries in the midst of fragile experimentation racy as a possibility for their own future, with freedom. At such a turning point, is it testifies to the universality of its appeal. moral or practical for the United States to REPUBLICAN TASK FORCE ON IN­ Naturally, individuals and institutions shrink from promoting and assisting democ­ who may favor democracy, living in a dicta­ racy-even when it has been forced to send DIAN AFFAIRS ORGANIZED FOR torship, tend to keep their voices muted. its own sons and daughters to fight? THE 102D CONGRESS That is why observers from across the spec­ trum have chronically underestimated the HON. JOHN J. RHODFS m prospects for democracy just as it was rising. CH2M HILL WINS TOP OF ARIZONA Experts proclaimed it could never take root ENGINEERING AWARD in Spain, Portugal, Poland, South Korea, the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Philippines, or La.tin America. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Perhaps, for almost the first time in this HON. ROBIN TAUON century, Western elites are now right-and OF SOUTH CAROLINA Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to the Middle East is the one region of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES announce that the Republican Task Foree on Indian Affairs of the Committee on Interior and world that can never become democratic. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 But Western publics are entitled to regard Insular Affairs has been organized for the such assessments skeptically. Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, I recently at­ 102d Congress. It is with great pleasure that America's promotion of a democratic Iraq tended the 24th annual Engineering Excel­ I accept the appointment as chairman of the by contrast, while no cure-all, would help lence Award reception sponsored by the task force in the 102d Congress. ease many of the practical post-war prob­ American Consulting Engineers Council. I am The Republican Task Force on Indian Af­ lems that now vex the anti-Saddam coali­ pleased to report that a project located within tion. A democratic Iraq would at once be a fairs was first organized in 1979 when the In­ diminished threat to its neighbors, and yet, my district in Horry County, SC, won the Na­ terior Committee began considering Indian is­ a stable economic and political bulwark tion's most prestigious engineering award: the sues at full committee rather than in a sutr against fears that a too-weak Iraq would Grand Conceptor. committee. The purpose of the task force is to tempt other potential aggressors. Nothing is The recipients of this honor were the Grand coordinate Indian policy and legislative issues certain in the Middle East, but historically, Strand Water & Sewer Authority and the engi­ for the Republican members of the committee, democracies are at once less likely to launch neering firm CH2M HILL. As many of my col­ and its chairman acts as floor manager of In­ wars yet more able to resist aggression. It leagues know, CH2M HILL is one of the Na­ dian bills under consideration by the House. would certainly ease the possible burden of a tion's largest engineering firms, with more than long occupation or peace-keeping effort. Serving with me as members of the task Israel could be a major beneficiary. Jerusa­ 50 offices located around the country and force for the 102d Congress are the Honor­ lem needs responsible partners for negotia­ overseas. The firm is totally employee-owned able DON YOUNG of Alaska, the Honorable tion on the Palestinian issue, and a model and provides services in engineering, plan­ ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO of California, the for selecting them. Israel's critics in the ning, economics, and the environmental Honorable RON MARLENEE of Montana, the United States and the Arab world would sciences. CH2M Hill's South Carolina office Honorable BARBARA VUCANOVICH of Nevada, have a difficult time complaining if she pre­ is located in Charleston. the Honorable BEN BLAZ of Guam, the Honor­ ferred to deal with the more democratic gov­ CH2M HILL won the award for an innovative able BoB SMITH of Oregon, the Honorable ernments and institutions in the region. wastewater treatment design that will serve American support for such a policy would be CRAIG THOMAS of Wyoming, and the Honor­ a further inducement to Arab moderates to my constituents and visitors to our popular able CHARLES TAYLOR of North Carolina. promote reforms in their own countries. beaches for many years. The problem was The committee expects to have a wide Interestingly, some of these benefits would complex: additional wastewater treatment ca­ range of Indian issues before it during this accrue even if the first serious U.S. effort to pacity was desperately needed but effluent Congress. Through the forum provided by the promote democracy in the region failed. disposal locations were limited due to sen­ task force, we will be better able to reach con­ Merely by speaking and acting on behalf of sitive water quality, tourism, and recreational sensus on key issues relating to Indian affairs the long-run goal of a democratic Middle concerns. legislation and engage in meaningful commu­ East-with Iraq being a reasonable first test CH2M HILL developed a plan using the case because it has forced a unique degree of nication with the administration on such legis­ American sacrifice-the United States would Carolina Bays themselves in a hybrid applica­ lation. In this way, we can enact laws that provide hope to the region, and vital moral tion of natural systems treatment techniques. have a sound legal and policy basis, and that support to the forces of freedom throughout This cutting-edge engineering design, the better serve the needs of Indian and non-In­ the world. George R. Vereen Wastewater Treatment dian people alike. Conversely, is it possible to envision any Plant and the Carolina Bay Natural Land region of the world achieving prosperity and Treatment System, will likely be replicated in peace without democracy? Does history offer other areas that need both wetlands/uplands INTRODUCTION OF THE INDIAN any example of an area dominated by fac­ conservation and advanced wastewater treat­ ENVIRONMENTAL CONSOLIDATED tions and dictators that achieved stability? On a moral level, the question is not ment. The system itself includes more than GRANT ACT OF 1991 whether America has a right to impose de­ 30,000 feet of wooden boardwalks that not mocracy on Iraq. (Democracy, of course, by only support effluent distribution piping but HON. GEORGE Mill.ER definition, cannot be "imposed.") Rather, also provide public access and encourage OF CALIFORNIA President Bush and the Congress must ask continuing scientific research in the formerly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES themselves about the morality of sending inaccessible bays. I commend Grand Strand American forces to wage war without mak­ Water & Sewer Authority for designating this Tuesday, April 30, 1991 ing every effort to ensure that their sac­ naturally maintained area as the Peter Horry Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, rifices will not prove to have been in vain. Many Americans rightly fear we might win Wildlife Preserve. today I am introducing the Indian Environ­ the war yet lose the peace, should Saddam The Carolina Bay Natural Effluent Disposal mental Consolidated Grant Act of 1991. This remain in power. But it is possible for the System is a prime example of American cre­ is a companion to S. 668 which was intro­ United States to achieve even his over­ ativity and ingenuity. CH2M HILL succeeded duced by Senator MCCAIN on March 14. throw-yet lose just as surely, if he is not in addressing a complex environmental prob­ This bill would assure that funds available to succeeded by a. regime that respects its peo­ lem by blending engineering technology with tribes for environmental regulatory purposes ples rights and opinions: in a word, democ­ the natural sciences. Their solution will help are effectively utilized. It allows the Adminis­ racy. Never before, interestingly-even in serve the wastewater management needs of trator of the Environmental Protection Agency Vietnam-has America. waged war without at least proclaiming as a. goal the extension of my district while protecting a unique and to consolidate any grants made to an Indian democracy and human rights. threatened environment. My sincere congratu­ tribe under any law administered by the Envi­ Never before, moreover, has so much of the lations to Richard Hirsekom, CH2M HILL ronmental Protection Agency. Hence, a tribe world been balanced on the margin between project manager, Greg Tate, CH2M HILL would only need to submit a single grant appli­ democracy and despotism. Eastern Europe, Charleston area office manager, and the cation. Accounting for grant awards would be April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9629 similarly consolidated. This would ease the ad­ guage that is remarkably similar to that in our PROLIFERATION PROFITEERS: ministrative burden on tribes as they exercise Declaration of Independence, Goslicki's Trea­ PART 11 their right to regulate environmental matters tise "De Optimo Senatore"-the Most Excel­ within their jurisdiction. lent Senator-written in the 1500's, espoused HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join principles of democracy and the idea that all me in support of this legislation. OF CALIFORNIA citizens are created equal and should enjoy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES equal rights. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 TWO HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY Just as the United States greeted the Polish OF THE RATIFICATION OF THE Constitution with sincere joy and support near­ Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today, I am plac­ POLISH CONSTITUTION ly 200 years ago, we greet the dramatic ing into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the 11th changes and reforms that are presently under­ in a series of case studies on foreign compa­ HON. FRANK J. GUARINI way in Poland. It is my sincere hope that at nies which have reportedly sold nuclear wea,> long last, Polish people will be able to live ons technology to Iraq. OF NEW JERSEY under the principles of freedom and independ­ India, Pakistan, Israel, and South Africa IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ence first expressed so eloquently in their con­ have all joined the nuclear weapons club in Tuesday, April 30, 1991 stitution nearly 200 years ago. the last two decades. North Korea, Brazil, Ar­ Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to gentina, Iraq, Iran, and Algeria all have made commemorate the 200th anniversary of the progress toward building the bomb and could ratification of the Polish Constitution. join the club in coming years. The Polish Constitution was approved on RABBI ROBERT A. ROTHMAN: AN To help address this threat, I have intro­ May 3, 1791, and, coming just 4 years after EXTRAORDINARY LEADER FOR duced the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Enforce­ the United States Constitution was the second RYE'S COMMUNITY SYNAGOGUE ment Act (H.R. 830). This legislation targets written document of its kind in the history of foreign companies which sell nuclear equip­ the world. An amazingly progressive document ment, materials, or technology without the for a European country at that time, the Polish HON. NITA M. LOWEY proper safeguards. These proliferation profit­ eers would have their goods barred from en­ Constitution brought basic reforms in national OF NEW YORK administration and progress in social welfare. tering the United States. Many of the ideas and principles embodied IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES This bill is modeled on the Toshiba sanc­ tions passed several years ago after Toshiba in the Polish Constitution were similar to those Tuesday, April 30, 1991 expressed in our Constitution: Majority rule, sold sensitive military technology to the Soviet freedom of religion, the division of power be­ Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, I Union. It also closely parallel's the legislation tween three branches of government, and se­ rise today to pay tribute to an outstanding reli­ passed last fall putting sanctions on foreign cret ballot elections. To have written and gious leader on the occasion of his 25th anni­ companies selling missile technology to devel­ adopted this document at a time when the rest versary of his service in Rye, NY. Since 1966, oping countries. We must address the issue of of Europe was living under autocratic rule was Rabbi Robert A. Rothman has served the missile proliferation but we must address the truly a remarkable achievement. Community Synagogue with vigor and distinc­ threat of nuclear proliferation as well. Unfortunately, these revolutionary ideas tion. TwELVE FOREIGN FmMS REPORTEDLY EN- were not well received by Poland's neighbors. Rabbi Rothman has been an exemplary GAGED IN NUCLEAR WEAPONS-RELATED TRADE WITH IRAQ 1 In 1795, Russia, Prussia, and Austria wiped leader and teacher throughout his career. He out the Polish cancer of freedom and Poland has extended his synagogue's activities to in­ FffiM 11: SCHAEUBLIN SA (SWITZERLAND) ceased to exist as an independent state. Po­ clude the blessings of homes of new members Schaeublin SA is an engineering firm land reemerged as an independent nation and the naming of new born children--occa­ that manufactures machine tools. In after World War I, but was swallowed up by sions which add to the meaning of these im­ September 1990, the company was being the Soviet Empire shortly after World War II. portant life-cycle events. He has been a first­ investigated by the Swiss government, Especially in light of the great changes and re­ rate teacher of both adults and children, in conjunction with Schmiedemec­ forms presently underway in Poland, the 200th brought noted scholars to address his canica SA, for attempting to export to anniversary of the Polish Constitution is truly a Iraq a machine tool that could be used congregants, and built bridges to other reli­ for processing uranium enrichment ma­ meaningful occasion for celebration. gious institutions, both ·Jewish and non-Jew­ Polish immigrants to the United States chinery. Schaeublin representatives ish, in New Rochelle. Rabbi Rothman has also said that they did not produce the brought with them strong convictions about the shared his wisdom with readers of both na­ strength and value of democratic government. equipment that was seized by German tional and international periodicals, and his Customs agents, although the company In my district of Hudson County, NJ, the Pol­ caring and expertise with the variety of com­ ish-American community has been very active has admitted that it has previously munity organizations on whose boards he supplied equipment to Iraq. in civic organizations, politics, and business. serves. Their strong sense of public purpose has Twenty-five years-a quarter of a century­ meant a great deal to the community and has brings dramatic changes in the life of a com­ helped to shape the strong democratic tradi­ SALUTE TO WAYNE JOHNSON, JR. munity. But Community Synagogue of Rye tion and values in Hudson County. has been fortunate to have the services of this In tribute to the 200th anniversary of the HON. JACK REED extraordinary rabbi and the stability and direc­ Polish Constitution, I ask my distinguished col­ OF RHODE ISLAND tion that he has provided for that period of leagues to join me in recognition of the great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time. His energetic work has contributed posi­ contributions of the Polish people to the Unit­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 ed States and of the strong intellectual ties be­ tively to the development of the congregation, tween our two countries. of Rye and all of Westchester. His service has Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to sa­ The United States was strongly influenced touched countless lives, helping to give them lute a distinguished young man from Rhode by political ideas that were developed in Po­ purpose and to reinvigorate them for the chal­ Island who has attained the rank of Eagle land prior to the years of foreign domination. lenges of life. Scout in the Boy Scouts of America. He is Poland was supportive of the American Revo­ I would like to congratulate Rabbi Rothman Wayne Johnson, Jr., of Troop 152 in North lution and our Founding Fathers learned much on his remarkable career of service, and ex­ Kingstown, and he is honored this week for from the political philosophy of this progres­ press my hope that it will continue for many his noteworthy achievement. sive nation. years to come. The celebration of these 25 In particular, the writings of Laurentius years is the start of a whole new chapter in 1 Sources: Nucleon1cs Week. Aug. 23, 1990, p. 13 by Mark Hibbs: Nucleon1cs Week, Oct. 18. 1990, pp. 7-8; Goslicki greatly influenced the development of the life of this fortunate synagogue and their Wall Street Journal, Sept. 26, 1990, p. 16 by Kenneth a political ideology in the United States. In Ian- extraordinary rabbi. R. Timmerman; Die Welt, Aug. 2. 1990. p. 8. 9630 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 Not every young American who joins the rights. Beginning in 1970, she served for 8 Fundamental] Program in Mesa, AZ, have just Boy Scouts earns the prestigious Eagle Scout years as chairwoman of the Law Panel Inter­ been named President Bush's 432d Point of Award. In fact, only 2.5 percent of all Bey national of Planned Parenthood Federation. Light. As you know, the Presidenfs Point of Scouts do. To earn the award, a Boy Scout She also served as a consultant to the Wom­ Light Program pays tribute to outstanding vol­ must fulfill requirements in the areas of leader­ en's Bureau of the United States Department untary contributions that have been made by ship, service, and outdoor skills. He must earn of Labor from 1965 to 1976. The American individuals throughout the Nation. In being 21 Merit Badges, 11 of which are required Civil Liberties Union and the Planned Parent­ named as a Point of Light, these students from areas such as citizenship in the commu­ hood Federation of America were both fortu­ have brought important recognition to their nity, citizenship in the Nation, citizenship in the nate to have her legal expertise. school and the State of Arizona. world, safety, environmental science, and first Harriet Fleischl Pilpel was a true champion As we are all well aware, the Reading Is aid. in the fight for women's rights. Her pioneering Fundamental Program has long been recog­ As he progresses through the Boy Scout efforts and graceful presence will be missed. nized as an exemplary example of a nation­ ranks, a Scout must demonstrate participation To the family and friends of Harriet Fleischl wide effort to encourage young people to read in increasingly more responsible service Pilpel, I extend my deepest sympathy. and help combat illiteracy throughout the Unit­ projects. He must also demonstrate leadership ed States. Red Mountain High School draws skills by holding one or more specific youth students from a wide range of backgrounds. leadership positions in his patrol and/or troop. TRIBUTE TO REV. CHARLES R. Many of these students are native Americans Each of these four young men has distin­ MULLER and from homes where English is their second guished himself in accordance with these cri­ language. The 200 student members of Club teria. HON. ROBIN TAUON RIF have united the community in an effort to For his Eagle Scout project, Wayne John­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA demonstrate that reading can change your life. son led a group of Scouts in raking and clean­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Through their activities in Club RIF, the stu­ ing the North Kingstown Beach. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 dents read stories to elementary school­ Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my colleagues children, tutor other high shool students who to join me in saluting Eagle Scout Wayne Mr. TALLON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to are having trouble with their schoolwork, and Johnson. In tum, we must duly recognize the pay tribute to Rev. Charles R. Muller. Rev­ conduct fundraising activities, using that Boy Scouts of America for establishing the erend Muller is minister of music at the First money to purchase books for those who can­ Eagle Scout Award and the strenuous criteria Baptist Church of Florence, SC. not afford them. Not only did these students its aspirants must meet. This program has On May 12, 1991, the congregation of First work within their school community, they also through its 80 years honed and enhanced the Baptist Church will honor him for 1O years of donated money to establish a reading center leadership skills and commitment to public outstanding and loyal service as their minister on the Fort McDowell Indian Reservation. service of many outstanding Americans, two of music. I would like to join with the members Every day, the newspapers report horror dozen of whom now serve in the House. of First Baptist Church, Florence, SC, and stories about troubled young adults who run It is my sincere belief that Wayne Johnson offer my congratulations to Reverend Muller. afoul of society. It gives me great pleasure to will continue his public service and in so doing Reverend Muller was born in Norphlet, AR, pay tribute to a group of young people who will further distinguish himself and con­ on June 30, 1933 and is a graduate of Louisi­ represent the best qualities that young Ameri­ sequently better his community. I am proud ana College, Pineville, LA, were he received a cans have to offer, and are lending a helping that Wayne Johnson undertook his Scout ac­ bachelor of arts degree in 1955. In 1957, he hand to their fellow man in an effort to im­ tivity in my Representative district, and I join received a masters of religious education from prove their community and this country. friends, colleagues, and family who this week Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary in I also have to say what a pleasure it was for salute him. Ft. Worth, TX, and in 1961, Reverend Muller me to meet some of the members of Red received his master of church music there. Mountain High's Club RIF. The students that I Reverend Muller has served at various met were all very articulate, engaging young HARRIET FLEISCHL PILPEL churches during his ministerial career includ­ adults, whom I know will ably lead this Nation ing minister of music at First Baptist Church of in the years ahead. HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER Columbia, SC, Second Baptist Church of OF COLORADO Houston, TX, and has been in his present ca­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pacity as minister of music at First Baptist INTRODUCTION OF A BILL TO AU­ Church of Florence since May 1981. Reverend THORIZE APPROPRIATIONS FOR Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Muller is a charter member of the Centurymen INDIAN RESERVATION ROADS Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, it is with of the Southern Baptist Convention and is list­ great sadness that I note the death of Harriet ed in Who's Who in Colleges and Universities. HON. GEORGE Mill.ER Fleischl Pilpel. Mrs. Pilpel was a lawyer, civil He is married to the former Evelyn Joyce OF CALIFORNIA libertarian, and an advocate of women's rights. Sewell of Meridian, MS, and they have two IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Woman's Forum, which she founded in sons, Charles Mark and William David. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 1974, brought together women of achievement Mr. Speaker, again, it is my high honor to and influence to share their experiences and bring the achievements of such a distin­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, ideas to enhance the effectiveness of women guished Christian and American before the today I am introducing with my colleagues, Mr. as a group. Throughout her career she in­ U.S. House of Representatives. I wish Rev­ WILLIAMS, Mr. RICHARDSON, Mr. JOHNSON of spired many women in the struggle to uphold erend Muller all the best for continued success South Dakota, and Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, legisla­ their rights. and a long stay in Florence. tion that would increase the authorization of Whether the issue was abortion, birth con­ appropriations for Indian roads to $227 million trol, freedom of speech or the status of for fiscal years 1992 through 1996. women in literacy and entertainment law, her A TRIBUTE TO THE STUDENTS AT This money would be appropriated from the voice helped women gain the recognition RED MOUNTAIN HIGH highway trust fund and go to the construction needed to proceed successfully and effectively of roads that are located within or provide ac­ with these issues. HON. JOHN J. RHODES m cess to Indian reservations. For far too long Mrs. Pilpel's list of achievements is impres­ OF ARIZONA the funding level for Indian roads has been in­ sive. At the time of her death she was the first IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES adequate to respond to the overwhelming vice chairwoman of the National Advisory need for upgrading existing roads and for con­ Council of the American Civil Liberties Union. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 struction of new ones. Her career in the 1960's included her mem­ Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Most of the more than 500 federally recog­ bership on the Kennedy and Johnson Com­ pay tribute to an outstanding group of young nized native American tribes and Alaska vil­ missions on the Status of Women, where she people in my district. The students at Red lages are located in very isolated areas. This served on the committee on political and civil Mountain High School's Club RIF [Reading Is fact, combined with an insufficient road sys- April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9631 tern, makes economic opportunity very dif­ Through tireless dedication, PACO'S Execu­ DAVID FORD: A FIGHTER FOR ficult. As is true with the rest of the Nation, a tive Director Eliu Rivera, President Primitivo PEOPLE sound infrastructure is absolutely essential to Valle, staff and board of directors have tackled the health and welfare of native American issues such as the Hispanic community's lack HON. NITA M. WWEY communities. of affordable housing, the need to create job OF NEW YORK Currently the Department of Energy trans­ opportunities and the problems facing the el­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ports hazardous waste through several res­ derly. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 ervations by main roadways and railways While working within the community, PACO which often run parallel to the only access has realized that unity and cooperation are es­ Mrs. LOWEY of New York. Mr. Speaker, I road in or out of the reservation. If an accident sential to any meaningful solution. To this end, rise today to extend a special greeting to a were to occur, it could cause an immediate PACO has established networks with other good friend who is also a friend to the entire life-threatening situation due to the distinct groups and has formed private and public community. David Ford has, in many capac­ possibility that tribal governments would be partnerships. ities, served the residents of Mount Vernon, unable to evacuate their members. This spirit of cooperation can be seen in NY with distinction and vigor. Whenever there Recently, the Bureau of Indian Affairs is­ one of PACO's current projects. Through a has been a need, David Ford has been there sued a needs survey which concluded that, partnership with Hudson County Lutheran Par­ for his community. $227 million per year is needed to bring the ish, PACO will soon celebrate the ground At age 13, David Ford signed up to serve BIA system to an acceptable level of comple­ breaking for 48 units of affordable housing for our country in the Armed Forces during World tion in 25 years. The survey also found that- low- and moderate-income families. Included War II, and ever since he has been fighting for Except for some reconstruction and im­ in this project will be a day-care center that the people of this country. Today, his service provement done in recent years, most Indian will serve about 75 children. is exemplified by his dedication to the Mount reservation roads provide poor service for This project will add more apartments to the Vernon Neighborhood Health Center and his responsibilities a water commissioner for the health and economic needs, and are an obsta­ 500 units of affordable housing that PACO has city of Mount Vernon. Those positions are a cle to the economic development of the res­ already built. true reflection of David Ford's commitment to ervations. Many of them are so bad as to be It would have been hard to believe 20 years the most fundamental needs of the people of considered a national disgrace, contributing to: ago that PACO could have made such great his community. (1) failure to provide education opportunities of progress in taking on the many pressing is­ David has been chairman of the board of Indian children because roads are impassable sues affecting the community. the Mount Vernon Neighborhood Health Cen­ for school buses, and (2) requiring emergency When the organization was first started, ter since 1981. During that time, he has been feeding by helicopter of isolated and stranded PACO had only three employees, a cold water a driving force behind the center's growth and livestock and people. Obviously, road improve­ flat for an office, and little or no equipment or supplies. Even these meager resources were its unending work to expand the community ment can improve the quality of .Jife while sav­ which it serves. Literally thousands of West­ ing money in emergency, health, and edu­ a gracious contribution from the late Rev. Wil­ liam Albert, then pastor of the Grace Van chester residents have been able to secure cational programs. Also, welfare costs can be health services which might not have been reduced by providing adequate road · access Vorst Episcopal Church. While PACO was limited in material assets, available without the forceful advocacy and from reservation homes to job sites. forward looking vision of this dedicated man. Many tribes have found that an inadequate the group had dedicated workers. And its founders had a dream and a commitment to Any recognition of David Ford would be in­ transportation infrastructure has side-tracked complete without mention of his family. Not tribal economic development plans. Economic the community. This enabled PACO to build, organize, and grow. only has he raised a fine family himself, but he development cannot occur when needed has also given his love and help to the chil­ roads are not provided to carry the required PACO will honor one of these founders, Perfecto Oyola, while celebrating its 20th anni­ dren of his brother. His dedication to those people and goods efficiently and economically. children and to his wife is without limit, just as Mr. Speaker, I see the introduction of this versary. The poor living conditions of Puerto Ricans his commitment has been to his community at bill as a beginning in our effort to address the large. transportation needs in Indian country. These in Jersey City during the 1950's and 1960's prompted Oyola to help found PACO. He be­ I am very fortunate to count David Ford issues are a high priority of mine and I look among my friends. On this, his birthday, I want forward to working with my colleagues on the lieved that the Latino community needed an agency that could offer multiple social serv­ to extend not only my personal greetings, but Public Works and Transportation Committee my deep appreciation for all he means to during the review of the Surface Transpor­ ices. Through his work with PACO, Oyola started those of us who know him well and to those tation Assistance Act to consider all of the is­ whose lives he has touched in very important sues affecting native Americans. many of the services that he found lacking in the community. He started cultural programs ways. for the Hispanic youth of the city, a bilingual CELEBRATION OF PACO'S 20TH community center, programs for senior citizens DAWN POWELL: SPEAK FOR ANNIVERSARY and drives to keep students from dropping out YOURSELF ESSAY WINNER of high school. HON. FRANK J. GUARINI Oyola, PACO's other founders and the HON. ROMANO L MAZZOU group's leaders today began such programs OF KENTUCKY and continue them with the help of Federal, OF NEW JERSEY IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES State, and local grants. PACO has become adept at winning the funding needed by the Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Hispanic community. In this PACO plays an Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I would like you essential role because its founders noted that congratulate Dawn Powell from Louisville, KY, and my distinguished colleagues to join me in the government often overlooked the commu­ who was in Washington, DC, last week as the congratulating Puertorriquenos Asociados for nity because of a lack of communication Kentucky representative to the third annual Community Organization [PACO] on its 20th caused by a language gap. RespecTeen National Youth Forum. anniversary. Through the work of founders such as Dawn won the Kentucky competition in the This outstanding civic group has provided Oyola, PACO grew to become a vital resource RespecTeen "Speak for Yourself' Essay Con­ Jersey City and Hudson County, my congres­ for the Hispanic community. I know that it will test in which students wrote to Members of sional district in New Jersey, with a plethora of continue to grow and prosper in the coming Congress regarding important issues of the social services over the past two decades. years. day. PACO has organized Jersey City's Hispanic Mr. Speaker, I hope you and my distin­ Dawn's winning letter to me was a clarion community and strived to solve the social guished colleagues will join with me in saluting call for increased Federal funding for drug re­ problems that confronted this ever-growing PACO and wishing it luck for another success­ habilitation centers and counseling for families segment of my district's population. ful 20 years of service to the community. of adolescent drug abusers. 9632 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 I met with Dawn, and with her mother, Jac­ LET'S SAVE AMERICA'S KURDS Labor. So does the Washington hostess with queline, on April 23. I was impressed with her the mostest. knowledge of the problems that the drug Ever since World War II, foreign affairs-­ HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER war and peace-has been the glamour field. scourge poses to local communities and with OF PENNSYLVANIA The world provided the best stage to display her genuine concern that care and treatment IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES talent. Sitting down with unions, minorities be provided to our youths. I told Dawn that, as and private-interest groups led only to the a member of the House Select Committee on Tuesday, April 30, 1991 political graveyard. Narcotics Abuse and Control, I support in­ Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Leslie To growing public problems, elites sought Gelb wrote in Sunday's New York Times of private answers. Bad public schools: send the creased Federal funding for the war on drugs. kids to private schools. Traffic congestion: Mr. Speaker, last year the southeast Re­ the plight of millions of Americans who go put a phone in the car. The city a hellhole: gional Center for Drug Free Schools and unhoused, uneducated, unfed, and unnoticed. buy a home in the country. Communities relocated to Louisville from At­ If the United States can protect the Kurds of Issues like health and education became lanta, GA. In addition to the other drug and al­ Iraq, and we must; if we can make sure they "hopeless" and "wasteful" to them. They are fed and housed, cannot we do the same forgot that all government programs produce cohol treatment programs in the community bureaucracy and waste. presently, Louisville and Jefferson County are for millions of our own countrymen, many of them children? Governments do not perform many tasks well poised to fight the war on drugs. But, as well. But they do more than a satisfactory with all communities in the Nation-especially LoOK HOMEWARD job of building. They can build housing for urban areas-many communities need more (By Leslie H. Gelb) the homeless, roads and airports to speed Our country's leaders are more willing to transportation and new schools to replace Federal financial assistance to get the job the dungeons of inner-city education. These done. do whatever is necessary to democratize Iraq and help the Kurds than to fix up America are capital investments that create jobs and Again, I salute and commend Dawn Powell and save the "Kurds of America." I wrote generate new tax revenues-pride and dig­ for winning the Kentucky competition in the that recently, and if anything, did not carry nity. RespecTeen "Speak for Yourself' Essay Con­ the argument far enough. Governments also know how to put more test. I also want to congratulate her parents, Most of America's opinion-makers, in ef­ police on the streets and in the schools to Lynn and Jacqueline, and her school, Barret fect, have separated themselves from Amer­ deter violence, and how to attract better ican society. They feel more at home with teachers with higher pay. Bureaucrats have Traditional Middle School. I commend to the the world than with America. They use their carried out programs to help the preschool attention of our colleagues, Mr. Speaker, political muscle on admirable foreign mat­ poor get a good and healthy start. Dawn's winning essay: ters like the Kurds, but seldom on the All of this requires money, the kind of 6820 GREEN MEADOW CIRCLE, "Kurds" and blight outside their offices. money elites unflinchingly committed to the Louisville, KY, January 29, 1991. Our movers and shakers-conservatives fight against Iraq. It demands leadership, the Representative RoMANO L. MAZZOLI, and liberals, in the Federal Government and kind of skill and determination Mr. Bush Rayburn Building, the media-know and care more about for­ brought to the war effort. And it cries out Washington, DC. eign than domestic affairs. That's mainly for the sustained interest and participation DEAR REPRESENTATIVE MAZZOLI: There are why they devote their time and energy to of America's movers and shakers, who can approximately 66,000 drug abusers on waiting solving world problems. That's mainly why choose to merely live in their country or to lists to get into a rehabilitation center. they do not even bother to search for an­ make their country livable. Please consider increasing government fund­ swers to emergencies at home. President Bush is a prime, self-acknowledged example. ing for rehabilitation and counseling for the CANADIANS: GOVERNMENT BY families of adolescent drug abusers. America's elites can rattle off the names of About eight years ago my family was in­ the top three Kurdish leaders and skip into HYPOCRISY intricate arguments about what can be done volved in family counseling with my brother. to re-establish Iraq as the Garden of Eden. He was an alcoholic and a drug addict. Those HON. DON YOUNG But ask them, as I have recently, about OF ALASKA times were rough; I a.m not sure if we would what's involved in Medicaid or Federal aid to have made it through without counseling. education, and most will return a guilty IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES My brother has now recovered with the help smile-and guide the conversation back to Tuesday, April 30, 1991 of family and professional counseling. Gorbachev or the Kurds. Many users must wait four to five months I suggested to a big-city Congressman that Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, the Ca­ before entering a program because waiting he spend one-fifteenth of his time on one nadians are at it again. The same Government lists are so long. There are an additional issue facing his city. He laughed. His bright which drills for oil on its side of the border­ 600,000 young addicts who are not on waiting and involved wife said: "That would be a but lobbies Congress against drilling in Alaska lists, but need to be! waste of time. There's nothing that can be on our side of the border-is spewing tons of Federal funding for treatment has in­ done." But they would move mountains for raw sewage into the Pacific. As the attached creased substantially over the past several the Kurds. article from the Economist illustrates, the Ca­ yea.rs, to $1.3 billion in 1990. But the govern­ I buttonholed a senior television executive nadians feign concern for the environment arr ment still puts the bulk of its limited funds and inquired why he did not give more air parently only when it is cost effective, or in into a demand-side strategy with $6.6 billion time to stories about the homeless. He said the viewers were not interested in seeing their competitive best interest. In this latest in­ appropriated in 1990 for law enforcement, and stallment of Government by hypocrisy, it turns aid to La.tin America countries. Funding these film clips all the time. But his net­ must be provided for new and innovative work, like all the others, has been showing out that the sprawling metropolis of Victoria, drug rehabilitation programs. essentially identical clips of starving and British Columbia, simply dumps all of its raw Louisville's new Regional Alcohol and homeless Kurds every night for the last sewage into the Pacific. On the other side of other Drug Assessment Center for Children month. the border, the small town of Port Angeles is Major U.S. newspapers put aside 5 to 10 spending $31.6 million on a sewage treatment and Youth will assets drug problems of stu­ pages every day for months to cover the rev­ dents from a ten-county area of Kentucky olutions in Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union plant for their waste. and Southern Indiana. Cyril Wantland, the and the gulf war. It's hard to remember a I bring this to the attention of the Members administrator of the program, says that leading newspaper offering such extensive because of a Canadian record of environ­ ninety percent of the youth in schools will coverage of a domestic policy issue for even mental degradation which is appalling, espe­ use some illicit drugs before they graduate. one day, since the civil rights revolution in cially in light of their well-publicized positions The government needs to implement addi­ the early 1960's. regarding United States efforts to improve our tional funds to establish more centers simi­ In almost every major news organization, environment. At the same time they officially lar to the Regional Alcohol and Drug Assess­ the high-priced talent runs from local and oppose environmentally sound drilling in the ment Center in Louisville. We can make a national beats to foreign assignments. Pro­ Coastal Plain of the Arctic National Wildlife difference! motions to top management positions often Sincerely, go to those with careers overseas. Refuge in Alaska, they are drilling on and off­ DAWN POWELL. News magazines pay more attention to As­ shore on their side of the border. They have sistant Secretaries of State than to the Sec­ even suggested traversing the Beaufort Sea retaries of Health and Human Services or with oil tankers from their numerous oil finds. April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9633 Their forestry practices harken back to the SUBSIDIZING OIL SPILLS cently announced Sl.1 billion settlement for days of Paul Bunyan. Their constant whining the Exxon Valdez spill determined that about acid rain in the United States ignores Exxon's out-of-pocket costs will amount to HON. ROBERT G. TORRICEW approximately $440 million. That means that their own sorry and feeble efforts to reduce OF NEW JERSEY Exxon will actually pay less than half of the smelter emissions in their own country. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES much touted $1.1 billion settlement. When The next time the Canadians complain Tuesday, April 30, 1991 you consider that confidential economic about the United States environment, cover studies done for the state of Alaska and the Mr. TORRICELLI. Mr. Speaker, as this body your wallets. federal government valued the true eco­ knows, oilspills, fuel leaks, and other forms of nomic cost of the spill at S3 billion, this $440 [From the Economist, Apr. 6, 1991) pollution are currently devastating the world's million figure is obscenely low. environment at an alarming rate. Most people In the past year alone, over 1 million gal­ THY NEIGHBOUR'S DRAINS would be surprised to find that offending com­ lons of oil have been spilled in New Jersey SEATTLE.-Victoria, in British Columbia, panies are receiving tax credits for their waterways. There is no way of computing lures thousands of tourists over the Cana­ monetary damages that will fully com­ dian border from Washington state every abuses. pensate for the destruction of sensitive wet­ year. Most make the trip there by ferry, Today, I would like to share with Congress lands and the killing of wildlife. While it is cruising across 20 miles of cerulean sea. But an editorial from the Bergen Record, written difficult to arrive at an objective criteria for more than blue water passes beneath their by our colleague Representative FRANK J. calculating the damage that has been done, I keels; so does Victoria's sewage. GUARINI, that addresses a major loophole in want to ensure that the little that these Washingtonians were disconcerted to learn today's Tax Code regarding environmental companies do pay in compensation and that their Canadian cousins have for years abuses by major companies: cleanup costs is not neutralized through tax benefits. The present tax system is guilty of been disposing of Victoria's sewage simply SUBSIDIZING OIL SPILLS by shooting the stuff out of a pipe a mile off­ encouraging irresponsible behavior. This (By Frank J. Guarini) must be changed. shore. The city's 230,000 residents churn out A recent article in The Record quite cor­ some 15m gallons a day. It is a noisome mix: rectly asked whether the $15 million settle­ human waste, toxic chemicals, heavy metals ment for the Arthur Kill oil spill is enough. A TRIBUTE TO MR. WILLIAM REED and more (local windsurfers refer to McNeil It is not and, unfortunately, the settlement Bay as "condom bay"). What happens to it is not even what it appears. next is up to ocean currents and the peculiar Contrary to what some may think, a $15 HON. GEORGE Mill.ER appetites of the local marine life. million settlment against Exxon for the Jan. OF CALIFORNIA The residents of Washington state are l, 1990, fuel oil leak in the Arthur Kill does crosser about all this since they themselves not mean that Exxon will pay $15 million. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have been told to be cleaner. Port Angeles, a Their actual out-of-pocket costs will be Tuesday, April 30, 1991 small town (18,000 people) just acorss the much less, perhaps only half that amount. Strait of Juan de Fuca, is spending S31.6m on Taxpayers and federal and state govern­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, at a sewage-treatment plant that will kill sew­ ments will be paying for part of the dif­ the conclusion of the 1991 academic year Mr. age-borne bacteria and remove all nutrients ference. William Reed, the oldest principal of the Cali­ and solids. Other Washington towns, The reason that taxpayers are subsidizing fornia State Public School System, will retire chivvied by the Environmental Protection oil spills and their subsequent settlements is from a 43-year career in education. I would Agency, are forking out similar amounts. that the tax code presently allows oil compa­ like to take this time to share with you the re­ Yet all that Victoria's sewage officials nies to deduct pollution costs as "losses." Oil companies are permitted to deduct the markable accomplishments of Mr. Reed during have come up with so far is a proposal for a his 37-year principalship at Marsh Elementary longer pipe. British Columbia has long built cost of oil removal, damages, payments, legal fees, and even the money that is lost School in Antioch, CA. its tourism industry around the slogan "Su­ from having spilled or leaked however many William Reed's interest in public education perNatural". Perhaps too natural, say the gallons of oil into our rivers and oceans. has been traced back to World War 11 where neighbours. This means that when an oil company that he served as a drill instructor, platoon leader, In late March state senators asked the has had a spill computes its tax liability, it State Department to strong-arm the Canadi­ and an Army captain at the Pentagon and in subtracts these costs from its income, reduc­ Okinawa. Recognizing his calling to teach, Mr. ans next door into subjecting their effluent ing the amount of taxes it has to pay. This to treatment more sophisticated than the has two negative effects. It provides the Reed received a masters in education from current expedient of placing a screen over wrong incentive by taking the sting out of Stanford University, and in 1948 undertook his the pipe to trap the largest bits of debris. the penalties meant to deter polluters. And first teaching job in Menlo Park, CA. From Frosty letters from Booth Gardner, the gov­ because the company pays less taxes, tax­ there he became a principal for the Monterey ernor of Washington, and Norm Dicks, a payers eventually have to make up the dif- City Schools, served as chairman of the first Democratic member of the House of Rep­ ference. · State salary committee for school administra­ resentatives from the state, have also been A monetary incentive is the most effective tors, a lobbyist for teacher's rights, and taught dispatched north. catalyst to spur businesses to action. We at California State University in San Jose. In need to strengthen the incentives that will British Columbian officials, defending 1954, Mr. Reed settled into his current posi­ their sewage practices, are backed by experts prompt oil companies to behave in a respon­ sible and safe manner in the transport of oil. tion as principal of Marsh Elementary in Anti­ who believe that the cold water and fast cur­ och. rents of the strait are sufficient to disperse The present tax code provides tax relief and even cleanse Victoria's waste. A new when companies pollute. The laws that per­ William Reed has always strived for a happy study has been commissioned and its report mit this egregious behavior must be and healthy environment conducive to excel­ changed. I have introduced legislation to lence in teaching and learning. For the teach­ is due on April 17th. Critics reply that Vic­ provide incentives for responsible behavior toria has been studying its sewage since 1966 ers of Marsh Elementary, Mr. Reed created a and to end the taxpayer subsidy for pollut­ unique faculty club allowing his teaching staff and should by now have a pretty clear pic­ ers. The bill will deny deductions to oil com­ ture. "A third-world approach", snorts one panies which are found to have been neg­ to express their concerns in an open forum, American now living in Victoria. ligent. It will also deny an automatic busi­ free of administrative influence. In this way his It is all very well for Washington state to ness deduction for the costs and damages as­ teachers were able to have some input in assume moral superiority. There is a bit of sociated with cleaning up a hazardous waste school policy and curriculum implementation. pot-and-kettle about its outrage. Growth site. Denying tax deductions to those who Mr. Reed has always believed in the impor­ around Puget Sound over the past ten years pollute out of negligence will reinforce our tance and necessity of strong reading and has resulted in polluted water trickling into efforts to promote careful behavior and pre­ spelling skills for his students. He established the sea from car parks, storm sewers and vent oil spills or accidents involving hazard­ a phonics program to address these needs. ous substances. It will also encourage the over-fertilised lawns. Puget Sound is rel­ The program has evolved into a pilot typing atively land-locked and quiescent compared settlement of litigation designed to make re­ with the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Liver sponsible parties pay for the cleanup of our program appropriately named Project T.Y.P.E. tumours, perhaps caused by pollution, are environment. [Teaching Youngsters Precise English] title common in fish caught near Seattle. Congressional Research Service and House IV-C, and is now a possible model for similar Budget Committee staff analyses of the re- programs within the school district.

49-059 0-95 Vol. 137 (Pt. 7J 28 9634 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 William Reed has been recognized many SO LITTLE TIME TO SAVE SO [From the Christian Science Monitor, .Apr. times for his outstanding leadership and integ­ MANY LIVES 19, 1991) rity, his support of teachers, and his innovative THE RACE AGAINST TIME TO SAVE KURDISH ideas for students. In 1980, Phi Beta Kappa REFUGEES named him the Outstanding Administrator in HON. BYRON L DORGAN (By Lionel A. Rosenblatt) Contra Costa County. Additionally, Mr. Reed TURKEY-IRAQ BORDER.-The Kurdish refu­ OF NORTH DAKOTA gees here are strung along three sides of a has been awarded the PTA Honorary Service IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES high bowl flanked by higher, snow-capped Award, two PTA scholarships in his name to peaks. By day, from a distance, the aspect is IV!arsh graduates, and a play area bearing his Tuesday, April 30, 1991 one of a mountain littered with bits of old name as well. cloth; only the smoky pall from the family Mr. Speaker, on May 18, 1991, the faculty Mr. DORGAN of North Dakota. Mr. Speaker, fires suggests that there are people there-by last week, the Hunger Committee held a hear­ the tens of thousands. and students of Marsh Elementary will join At night the fires, through the smoke, with Mr. Reed's family and friends to pay trib­ ing to review the plight of the world's refugees and to see whether we are investing enough evoke a candlelight vigil in an outdoor am­ ute to the many achievements that dominate phitheater. Then if you look carefully at a his career. Mr. Reed will be sorely missed by to respond to the situation. We learned that distant ridge line, some of the lights move in his staff and students as he is so much a part we have not. a file, the flashlights of the newly arriving in The General Accounting Office testified that this Valley of Sorrow which could soon be a of their school. I know they join me and my Valley of Death. colleagues in the House of Representatives in the number of refugees worldwide has more than doubled from 7 million to 15 or 16 million. This site along the border near the Turkish wishing him well in his retirement. village of Cukurca is just one of several with That amount has now jumped to over 18 mil­ a combined total of perhaps 600,000 refugees lion with the refugee crisis in Iraq, Turkey, and from Iraq, and growing. When Secretary of Iran. During the same period, according to State James Baker visited here April 8, no BILL TEAGUE: GIVING TO OTHERS GAO, our overseas refugee relief has hovered relief supplies had been distributed other at around $200 million and actually declined in than biscuits donated by the local Turkish population. The Turkish Red Crescent cares ALEXANDER real dollars. for the very sick at the local clinic, but in HON. Bill This is not to say that the United States is the camp there were almost no medicines, as OF ARKANSAS lagging behind others. We contributed about there was not yet an international supply $10 billion at home and abroad for all kinds of line. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES refugee relief in the 1980's. The United States The result is not a camp, but an encamp­ ment. There is no census or registration sys­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 was also the largest donor to all but one of tem for new arrivals. There are no latrines, Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, my friend four major international refugee relief organi­ no camp administration. Much of this results Bill Teague of Trumann, AR believes that giv­ zations. from the astonishing lack of a field officer from the United Nations; nor is there a medi­ ing of yourself on behalf of others is its own However, I believe that the growing refugee problem requires that we do even more to cal supply channel from the International reward. Red Cross and the League of Red Cross Soci­ Bill Teague has spent countless hours on help. I, also, think that we can do so without eties. With proper drugs, the Iraqi refugee behalf of the blind and visually impaired adding to the budget deficit. Reallocating for­ doctors could make a good dent in the medi­ through the Trumann Lions Club. eign aid from security assistance to refugee cal caseload. They are instead barely having and food aid accounts can help to save lives an impact. Given the lack of international He originated the club's annual fund raising presence, the refugees are concerned that barbecue-an event which has enabled the and reduce human misery without straining our budget. The end of the cold war means Saddam Hussein will attack them along the club to raise more than $45,000 to help pre­ border. serve sight for some and to assist others who that we can prudently make such a Meanwhile, they wait: have lost it. reallocation. Women in bathrobes and slippers who did Recently, Bill Teague received the "Melvin May I also emphasize that this is not a de­ not take the time to change clothes before bate about statistics-whether money or refu­ fleeing Saddam's men. An old blind couple, Jones Fellowship," the highest honor that the led out of Iraq by their 10-year-old grandson. Lions Club can bestow. gees. It is a plea to save human lives-<>ne at a time. A family of 19 sharing three blankets. A In accepting the fellowship, Bill Teague said widow and her three children, without the that no one person has ever deserved the Right now, the international media have fo­ strength to cut firewood. honor. Even in this, he was thinking of oth­ cused their cameras on the refugee crisis in The terrain is so steep that the refugees ers-including those who have worked with Iraq. That's as it should be. I would like to in­ try to scrape a small level spot using knives, pans, and sticks. If they arrive too late in him to make the annual fund raising barbecue clude in the RECORD an article that describes the Kurdish refugee emergency by Lionel the day, they simply hunker down under the success it has become. their blankets for the long night. Bill Teague does not personally know the Rosenblatt, executive director of Refugees These people are mostly Kurds. However, majority of visually impaired or blind persons International. there are more than 12,000 Assyrian Chris­ he has helped through the years-but he Mr. Rosenblatt testified at our hearing last tians. There are also Chaldeans, Turkomans, week this is a case "of the failure of early and other minorities. Those with relatives knows he has helped and that is what counts~ abroad plead to join them. Indeed, the US The 1980's have been described as a time warning and rapid international response to refugee crises." The House next week will au­ should lead the way in accepting some of when concern for others was replaced with a them. totally consuming concern for self. But, the thorize additional emergency relief but we But for now, the urgent priority is to save must also explore how to establish an inter­ harshness of this analysis is softened consi~ their lives, and there is very little time. One erably when you realize that-all along-Bill national emergency relief corps, which can hopes that the US airdrop is a welcome sign help to prevent the deaths and suffering now that the administration now understands the Teague, and thousands like him, were working severity of the refugee problem. Airdrops, for others in a quiet, but effective way. taking their grim toll in the Kurdish encamr:r ments. however, are only the leading edge of what Bill Teague helps give America its heart, its must be done. By air and truck, massive compassion, and makes this a kinder, gentler Mr. Rosenblatt also urged that we not forget amounts of food, tents, and relief materiel place in which to live. the "looming famine in the Horn of Africa that must be brought in. I congratulate my friend Bill Teague and I threatens to kill millions" and that "we must in­ Most of the materiel can be procured in sure that the international community does not Turkey. But some items such as tents and know I am joined by those whose lives have blankets should be brought in by the US been made better by his work. divert funds from that impending disaster. We should not rob the East Africans to pay for the military from its stockpiles. As of April 10, only S4 million to $5 million refugees from Saddam." I could not agree had been made available to the Turkish gov­ more: ernment, and the UN agencies were just be­ ginning to receive cash in serious amounts. April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9635 More money has now been pledged, but it is uation as threatening and urgent. He says that ian Autocephalous Orthodox Church to plant a not yet generating delivery of relief to the of the 4 million people living in affected areas, tree in memory of the victims of . Chernobyl refugees. more than 1 million are young children under and to pray for the health of those who con­ The refugees around Cukurca constitute only one of many groups of at least 30,000 the age of 14. Health officials predict that tinue to suffer from radiation exposure. That people. The other sites are all equally dif­ Ukraine will yet suffer up to 50,000 additional same evening in Washington, DC, the Youth ficult to access for relief shipments. There incidences of fatal cancer. Committee of Ukraine 2000 and the Ukrainian are also the Iranian and Syrian borders, the These numbers are more than black and National Information Service sponsored a 48- former with larger numbers than on the white statistics; they represent the horror hour vigil to keep alive the tragically unan­ Turkish borders and with a frontier now being lived daily by innocent men, women, swered questions of Chernobyl. Throughout apprarently closed by Tehran. European gov­ boys, and girls in Ukraine. Many have already the year, the Ukrainian National Association ernments should take the lead in surveying suffered inexplicable and terminal illness. For gives a collective voice to the proud Ukrainian­ this sector. All in all, tthis is one of the most complex an untold number of others, sickness almost American community which, on behalf of fam­ relief tasks ever mounted and will cost hun­ certainly lies in their future. ily and friends in Ukraine, demands answers dreds of millions of dollars, but this is after The New York Times last September told from the Soviet Union about the extent of all a fraction of the cost of the war. the story of Natalya Zelinskaia, a 10-year-old Chernobyl's destruction and long-range strate­ To win the race against the Kurdish refu­ who lives about 60 miles from the Chernobyl gies for combating resultant illness and clean­ gee problem will require US leadership of the plant. She is suffering from Hodgkin's disease. ing up the contaminated environment. Finally, kind we saw on the military and diplomatic Her condition is attributed to radiation expo­ I wish to commend the Children of Chernobyl fronts of Desert Storm. In turn, the US must sure from the Chernobyl nuclear powerpl~nt Relief Fund for their untiring commitment to galvanize the United Nations agencies. Initially, the international effort should accident. Little Natalya was not old enough to filling the medical needs of Chernobyl victims. focus on putting a representative at each ref­ remember the accident that has forever Since the fund's establishment just 15 months ugee encampment along the border, making scarred her life, but she knows that she is ago, $10 million in medical equipment, sup­ arrangements for immediate local procure­ very sick. plies, and technology have been air-lifted to ment of urgently needed relief supplies, and The Children of Chernobyl Relief Fund Ukraine. delivering the material to the refugee sites sponsored a trip to the United States last fall All of these important efforts, together with and to affected Turkish villages by road or by eight children suffering from diseases relat­ the work of other fine organizations, give hope helicopter, with airdrops as a last resort. To ed to radiation exposure. Natalya was among get relief to the far-flung and remote en­ to the young children of Ukraine. With every campments and to those in Iraq requires this group of young travelers. She came here, vigil, every tree planting, every charitable do­ something of the scale of the Berlin Airlift, she said, "for the fresh 'food and air." Natalya nation, we send a message to little Natalya though this time most of the effort will be was treated by American doctors during her and her family that they do not suffer alone. with overland transit. stay, but has since returned to Ukraine where We share their grief, their pain, and their out­ This relief effort will require extraordinary medicines are not so readily available. Hodg­ rage. We, too, seek the truth about what went work by the US and the UN. To engage the kin's disease slowly robs Natalya of her youth­ wrong at Chernobyl, what can be done to re­ government into life-saving speed, the presi­ ful energy and spirit. Two of the other seven store human and ecological health to the af­ dent should appoint as coordinator a distin­ children who visited the United States have re­ guished private individual with interagency fected region, and what measures can be powers. We must cut through our own and cently died of leukemia. taken to prevent future disasters. For as long UN red tape with all possible speed. At the The Soviet Union is only slowly starting to as we remember Chernobyl and continue to UN, a wide mandate for the special coordina­ come to grips with what happened at remind others, young Natalya can still hope for tor, with full backing of the secretary-gen­ Chernobyl 5 years ago this weekend. The health, fresh food, and fresh air in her home­ eral, is needed. most recent investigations suggest that the land, Ukraine. If the Kurdish refugees are not saved, the truth behind the accident lies in the design of war may well be best remembered for the the plant rather than in human error as the tragedy inflicted on them. Soviets had originally asserted. A new report HEARTFELT THANKS TO ROBERT shows that the explosion was due almost en­ K. BEST ~ THE CHILDREN OF CHERNOBYL tirely to the design of the reactor and that of RELIEF FUND the control rods. The accident allegedly oc­ HON. RON PACKARD curred during what was considered a normal OF CALIFORNIA HON. LOUISE M. SLAUGIITFR postexperiment shutdown of reactor No. 4 for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES maintenance. OF NEW YORK Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Although the Soviet Government has dem­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. PACKARD. Mr. Speaker, under leave to onstrated a somewhat improved commitment extend my remarks in the RECORD, I include Tuesday, April 30, 1991 to learning the true mechanical cause of the the following: ' Ms. SLAUGHTER of New York. Mr. Speak­ Chernobyl accident, the Soviets remain er, it has been 5 years since the No. 4 nuclear closemouthed and closeminded about the ex­ Whereas, Robert K. Best, native son of California, graduate of Stanford University reactor exploded at Chernobyl, Ukraine, caus­ tent of the human and environmental devasta­ and McGeorge School of Law, Navy veteran ing the largest and most devastating nuclear tion. Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, birth de­ and eminent lawyer has served with distinc­ disaster in history. Five years passed, but for fects, and crop mutations are but a few symp­ tion as California Department of Transpor­ countless people, the disaster is neither for­ toms of this devastation which cannot be ig­ tation (Caltrans) Director since 1988, and gotten nor ended. nored. We must know the scope and the in­ Whereas, Robert K. Best, during his three In the initial reactor blast, 31 power station tensity of the fallout before we can formulate years as Caltrans Director, has managed the workers lost their lives. The Soviet Union a long-term strategy for overcoming the effects department during a period of unparalleled would like the world to believe that this was of the disaster. The Soviet Government has a growth, change and opportunity, and Whereas, Robert K. Best has played a piv­ where the destruction of the Chernobyl disas­ responsibility to its own people, to the people otal role in advancing the cause of transpor­ ter ended, but the fatal hand of this nuclear of Ukraine, and to the global community to un­ tation, including the development of Califor­ blast reached far beyond these 31 workers dertake a serious and comprehensive survey nia's landmark transportation reform and and the final toll of the accident remains incal­ of the damage and, subsequently, to imple­ funding package, and culable. Currently, some 350,000 Ukrainians ment recovery and relief ·programs. The Sovi­ Whereas, Robert K. Best was instrumental are monitored full time for Chernobyl-related ets must be held accountable. in crafting Propositions 111 and 108, which health problems. It is estimated that another Today, I salute the caring organizations will generate $18.5 billion over 10 years for 900,000 Ukrainian men, women, and children which have mobilized internationally to un­ highway, mass transportation and rail devel­ opment in California, and should be monitored, but the necessary re­ cover the mysteries of the Chernobyl disaster Whereas, Robert K. Best directed Caltrans' sources for this vital medical attention are sim­ and to provide relief to victims like young heroic response to the devastating Loma ply not available. Natalya. In my congressional district of Roch­ Prieta Earthquake, including creation of the Ukraine's health minister, Dr. Yuri ester, NY, friends of Ukraine will gather Friday world's most ambitious seismic and struc­ Spizhenko describes the worsening health sit- evening at St. Mary's the Protectress Ukrain- tural research and strengthening effort, and 9636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 .Whereas, Robert K. Best's tireless efforts tion is essentially worthless. In addition, de­ estate tax rates from 53 or 55 percent to 50 on behalf of California and transportation spite the granting of an easement, land­ percent. are worthy of the highest praise and com­ owners continue to be subject to the full es­ mendation: Now therefore tate tax on the value of this land. Be it resolved, That the United States If a landowner retains his valuable and en­ House of Representatives recognize Robert vironmentally important land, his heirs may OUTSTANDING MAN: TOM K. Best for his efforts, and extends to him nevertheless be forced to subdivide that land, CROWLEY the heartfelt thanks and appreciation of the or sell it in its entirety, in order to pay es­ people of California. tate taxes on the value of the land in the es­ tate. Since these sales are more often made to developers than to conservationists, the HON. GEORGE Mill.ER THE OPEN SPACE PRESERVATION environmental benefits of the land are often OF CALIFORNIA ACT OF 1991 lost forever. Given the substantial economic pressure IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES landowners face to develop their property HON. RICHARDT. SCHUIZE and the consequent rapid loss of environ­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 OF PENNSYLVANIA mentally important land to development, a Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES change to the estate tax law is needed. Dona­ tions of perpetual conservation easements know the other Members of the House join me Tuesday, April 30, 1991 . should be encouraged by excluding from the in recognizing Tom Crowley. Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, today I am in­ value of the estate the residual value of land A native of San Francisco, Tom Crowley at­ troducing the Open Space Preservation Act of subject to a conservation easement. This en­ tended Stanford University. Upon his gradua­ 1991, a bill to protect and preserve environ­ hanced benefit not only should be a suffi­ tion, he began working for the company his fa­ cient incentive for landowner to resist devel­ ther founded in 1892, Crowley Launch & Tug­ mentally sensitive open spaces in America. opment offers and preserve land in perpetu­ Senator JOHN CHAFEE intends to introduce a ity for environmental purposes, it will avoid boat. Mr. Crowley has spent 55 years in the companion bill in the other body shortly. Our the loss of open space that increasingly re­ maritime transportation business and is now legislation would protect family farms, wet­ sults from estate tax forced sales. This ap­ the chairman and CEO of the Crowley Mari­ lands, and open spaces from being consumed proach would provide a significant, much­ time Corp. which employs over 2,500 people by development, and it has gained broad bi­ needed benefit for lower-income, "land poor" in the bay area. partisan support. Late in the 101 st Congress it families. His Oakland-based company is considered This exclusion would apply only to land a giant in the shipping industry-the second was endorsed by the American Forestry Asscr subject to a conservation easement--that is, ciation, Ducks Unlimited, Defenders of Wildlife, land with respect to which a qualified con­ most profitable liner company in the country the Izaak Walton League, the Land Trust Alli­ servation contribution of a qualified real and the eighth largest privately owned com­ ance, the Natural Lands Trust, the National property interest has been made. Thus, the pany in northern California. Both Mr. Crowley Wildlife Federation, the Piedmont Environ­ exclusion would apply only to land that has and his corporation have received various mental Council, and the Wildlife Management been preserved in perpetuity for conserva­ honors for exceptional achievement including lnstiMe. tion purposes, and only where a charity or the National ·Defense Transportation Award We must change Federal estate tax policy governmental unit has agreed to ensure that and the United Seamen's Service Admiral of the conservation purposes of the easement to ensure our open spaces are safe from the will be met in perpetuity. Moreover, the ex­ the Ocean Sea Award for outstanding con­ ravages of estate taxes of as much as 55 per­ clusion would apply only to land and not to tributions to the maritime industry. cent levied on the development value of unde­ any improvement to the land or land be­ The company is involved in a multitude of veloped land. Imagine yourself as a 4th gen­ neath the improvement. operations from special marine contract trans­ eration family farmer with a 100 acre farm. THE OPEN SPACE PRESERVATION TAX ACT OF portation to ocean and harbor barging and When you leave the farm to your children, an 1991: TALKING POINTS towing. In the past, it has been involved in ac­ estate tax may be levied on them not based The proposal would encourage the preser­ tivities varying from ferrying tourists around on $2,500 per acre for farmland, but valued vation of open space farmland, forest land, the San Francisco Bay to hauling cargo in the for development or opscale homes at as much historically important land areas, and fish, Caribbean. Recently, the company helped the as $50,000 per acre. This being the case, plant and wildlife preserves by encouraging troops in Operation Desert Storm by leasing your children will be forced to sell most if not grants of perpetual conservation easements to protect property most acutely impacted several essential vessels to the Government all of the property to pay estate taxes, and in by the financial pressures created by urban/ for deployment to the gulf. the process, end four generations of traditional suburban growth. Land encumbered by a Mr. Crowley has striven to improve the shijr family farming. The sad thing is, this is becom­ conservation easement would not be subject ping industry through research and develoir ing commonplace across in America. to estate taxes. ment. He developed an innovative hulled tank­ Mr. Speaker, I am inserting a detailed expla­ "Land poor" families would benefit from er which helps to prevent ocean oilspills and nation of my proposal in the CONGRESSIONAL the proposal since heirs would no longer be another floating barge which is equipped to RECORD and urge my colleagues to cosponsor forced to sell or subdivide inherited property clean up huge spills. The state-of-the-art this measure to protect the environment and to pay the estate tax. The proposal would guarantee that land is equipment was used to clean up the oil from an American way of life. preserved in perpetuity. A perpetual con­ the Exxon Valdez disaster in Prince William THE OPEN SPACE PRESERVATION TAX ACT OF servation easement generally is extinguished Sound and will now travel to the Persian Gulf 1991 only by a court of law. as Crowley Maritime recently was named the Open space farmland, fish, plant and wild­ The proposal would apply to all types of prime contractor for the cleanup of the spill in life preserves, forest land and historically environmentally endangered lands, including the gulf caused by Iraqi troop destruction of important land areas are rapidly being lost the family farm. Kuwaiti oil facilities. to development. Landowners are finding it The proposal would enable the easement After a difficult decade in the 1980's, Tom hard to resist the lucrative development of­ holder, a charity or governmental unit, to Crowley has brought his company back into fers made for their land~specially property ensure that the land is used in perpetuity for located near urban areas. the conservation purposes stated in the ease­ renewed, vigorous, and profitable operations, The current income and estate tax laws do ment. As under current law, the easement providing thousands of employees with good not sufficiently encourage the preservation holder could effectively ensure that the jobs and helping promote the economy of the of this property. Landowners may deduct, for property is being utilized in compliance with bay area. He reported a 1990 yearly profit of income tax purposes, the decrease in the the terms of the easement. $20 million for the company and plans on con­ value of their land due to the grant of a per­ The proposal would apply only to land and tinuing his hard work. At 77 years of age, he petual conservation easement, such as a pro­ not to any improvement to the land or land has no retirement plans. hibition on development. Code section 170 beneath the improvement. (a), (h). This relatively modest benefit, how­ The proposal is supported by major envi­ Mr. Speaker, please join me and the other ever, does not compare with the high-priced ronmental and conservation groups. Members of Congress in honoring this out­ development offers made for the property. Any effect that this proposal may have on standing man who has contributed so much to Moreover, with respect to lower income, federal estate tax receipts would be offset by the bay area community and the maritime in­ "land poor" families, the income tax deduc- a deferral in the planned reduction of federal dustry. April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9637 WELCOME TO OKLAHOMA'S NEW However, the credit is not working as well to physicians for cataract surgery. When the WASHINGTON OFFICE as it could in Hawaii. Because of the high cost Subcommittee on Health and Long-Term Care of development in Hawaii, even with the tax examined the fraud, waste, and abuse con­ HON. Bill BREWSI'ER credit many low-income housing projects are nected with this procedure several years ago, OF OKLAHOMA not economically feasible. In fact, the State of we found that Medicare was paying $1,200 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Hawaii has been unable to allocate any of its per operation to doctors. That fee was estab­ 1990 or 1991 tax credits. In 1989, a housing lished prior to 1981 , with new technology and Tuesday, April 30, 1991 unit required 4,587 dollars' worth of Federal implantation techniques, the same operation Mr .. BREWSTER. Mr. Speaker, I'm pleased credits to be constructed in Hawaii as com­ took 20 to 30 minutes. Yet Medicare did not to rise today to welcome the State of Oklahcr pared to the nationwide figure of $2,552. begin paying an appropriately lowered rate for ma's new liaison office to the Washington The bill I have introduced today would help more than 5 years. scene. solve this problem by allowing projects in dif­ In a time of spiraling health costs, the Con­ I consider this a positive move to promote ficult development areas to take into account gress needs to do everything possible to make Oklahoma's economic development and in­ the cost of the land upon which the housing sure that we're at least getting the most bang crease Oklahoma's presence in the Nation's project is built. The price of land is a major for the buck with the Federal dollars we are Capital. factor in determining the economic feasibility spending. I think my bill would be an important Oklahoma previously has had fully staffed of a project and currently it cannot be factored step in that direction, and something that OTA offices in Los Angeles and Tokycr-and soon into the formula which determines the amount as presently constituted would be able to han­ will ·be opening another new State liaison of­ of the tax credit. dle. fice in Germany. And, from time to time, our Mr. Speaker, this bill would be of tremen­ Arnold Reiman, M.D., editor of the New State government has had various individual dous value to Hawaii by assisting in the con­ England Journal of Medicine, made the follow­ advocates who have represented the State of struction of desperately needed affordable ing statement before the Subcommittee on Oklahoma in Washington. housing. The bill would also help the 38 other Health and Long-Term Care: "We need a de­ But today marks the first time Oklahoma States and territories where the Department of termined national effort to separate the wheat has had a fully staffed office in Washington to · Housing and Urban Development have des­ from the chaff, to identify those procedures assist Oklahoma's local and State govern­ ignated difficult development areas. that work and those that do not, those that are ments as well as the congressional delegation. I ask my colleagues to join me in support of worth the money and those what are not." Today, Oklahoma joins 33 other States who this bill to improve the low-income housing tax I agree with Dr. Relman's view and urge all maintain liaison offices in Washington. Our credit in Hawaii and the 38 States and terri­ my House colleagues to cosponsor H.R. 2128, State office is located in the Hall of States on tories that cannot take full advantage of the so that Congress will have benefit of a thor­ North Capitol Street, along with offices from low-income housing tax credit. ough, expert review of existing technologies 28 other States. Our staff will be headed by and skills that can make laws and set pay­ Dan Cooney, director, and Kristen Ames, dep­ ment rates accordingly. uty director and legislative liaison. H.R. 2128 While it has become increasingly important to assist local and State government in their HON. EDWARD R. ROYBAL A TRIBUTE TO THE SOUTH search for Federal funding, it is just as impor- · OF CALIFORNIA FLORIDA SHOMRIM SOCIETY tant to assist our congressional delegation in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES telling the Oklahoma story on such important Tuesday, April 30, 1991 HON. D.EANA ROS.LEHTINEN issues as energy strategy, highway reauthor­ OF FLORIDA Mr. ROYBAL. Mr. Speaker, the break­ ization, public works, water, and agriculture IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES throughs in health care technology in recent projects. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 I look forward to working with this new office years have been nothing short of spectacular. for the improvement of Oklahoma's economy. Lifelike artificial limbs, rechargeable pace­ Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, a heart­ makers, a tiny manmade intraocular lens .warming article appeared in the Miami Herald, which can replace the clouded lens of a cata­ and I would like to bring it to the attention of A BILL TO IMPROVE THE LOW­ ract patient and restore normal sight-these my colleagues. The article by Carl Goldfarb INCOME HOUSING TAX CREDIT are but a few of the dramatic developments and entitled "Jewish 'Guardians' Deliver Food we have witnessed. Baskets," is about the Shomrim Society deliv­ HON. PAm' T. MINK None of us would dispute the fact that medi­ ering food to many needy and elderly Jews OF HAWAII cal technology is improving the quality of life during the Passover holiday. Shomrim in He­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Americans. Yet, new technologies are being brew means guardians, and the article cer­ developed and marketed so rapidly that their tainly reminds us of the rewarding feelings one Tuesday, April 30, 1991 evaluation lags far behind. receives from giving to those in need. Mrs. MINK. Mr. Speaker, today I am intrcr Yesterday I introduced what I consider to be I am hereby reprinting it in the CONGRES- ducing legislation to improve the low-income important legislation to ensure careful evalua­ SIONAL RECORD: . housing tax credit in difficult development tion of new medical technologies, and in tum Mary Margaret Marrapode wasn't about to areas, like Hawaii. There is a housing crisis in greater cost containment in the American trust strangers. "I'm not opening the door the Nation and areas, such as Hawaii have health care system. This bill, H.R. 2128, calls until you tell me who you are," she called seen the price of housing soar to exorbitant for an annual review of changes in technology out to the men who had come knocking. heights. Middle-income families are forced to and skill associated with artificial devices and When she learned they were Jewish police pay $350,000 to $400,000 for an average organs and their implantation, to be performed officers bearing Passover baskets, Marrapode threw the door wide open. Inside, 88-year-old home. The poor and disadvantaged have little by the Congressional Office of Technology As­ Florence Ross, who depends on Marrapode recourse and those who cannot find low-in­ sessment [OTA]. for care and her walker for getting around, come housing are forced to join the ranks of This bill requires OT A to report to Congress beamed in delight. the homeless. how Medicare payments should be altered to "Oh my goodness," she explained, examin­ In 1986, the Congress instituted the low-in­ reflect these changes. This would keep Medi­ ing the basket's contents. "What a wonder." come housing tax credit which has helped Ha­ care payments in line with rapidly changing So it went Sunday as hands that normally waii provide affordable housing to its resi­ technology and skills. grip pistols instead cradled Passover baskets dents. The program encourages the produc­ Having no formal mechanism to do this has bulging with matzoh, horse radish and other traditional fare for the Jewish holiday that tion of low-income housing by offering a tax resulted in unreasonable and wasteful reim­ begins Friday at sundown. credit to owners and developers of low-income bursement. The most glaring example, and the Bob Singer, a Metro-Dade homicide detec­ housing each year for up to 1O years. In Ha­ one which prompted the initial introduction of tive, usually spends his time hunting mur­ waii the program has helped 5 low-income this legislation by my colleague, the late derers. David Waksman, an assistant state housing projects with 286 units. Claude Pepper, was the fee paid by Medicare attorney, usually prosecutes them. 9638 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 Sunday, both Joined other members of the The bill is intended to provide the starting become the brother and brother-in-law to his South Florida Shomrim Society, a group of point for a discussion of the issues affecting parents, and the older sibling would become Jewish law enforcement officials, to deliver California Indians. food to indigent or homebound Jews, many mother to her younger brother. In these in­ of them elderly. Mr. Speaker, this bill will be carefully consid­ stances, we should accept the court's des­ "Usually the most rewarding thing I do is ered by the Interior Committee in coming ignation of legal custody to be sufficient for eli­ put murderers in Jail," said Waksman. "That months. It will probably change before it will gibility of military health benefits as a depend­ gets to be depressing." be reported. However, it is important for all ent of the adult who is awarded custody. Said Singer: "This is the most rewarding Members to realize that we must pass legisla­ experience I've ever had." My legislation makes no changes in the mili­ tion to address the problems of California Indi­ tary health care system, it just slightly expands Singer turned 40 Sunday but he didn't let ans as soon as possible. that keep him away. Fran Miller, a criminal the definition of dependent for eligibility in this Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join investigator with the state attorney's office, system. This definition would be expanded to me in support of this important bill. passed up tickets to the Lipton Tennis tour­ include children under the age of 18, who are nament final. Ken Goodman, an agent with relatives of the member or former member of the Drug Enforcement Administration, gave up a morning at home. A BILL TO ASSIST CERTAIN the military, and who are under legal custody, They all gathered at the Surfside Commu­ MILITARY FAMILIES as granted by the courts to the member or nity Center. former member. Members of the Jewish War Veterans, HON. JACK FIELDS These families are doing their best to stay Surfside Chapter, bought the food and assem­ together. I believe that we owe these military bled 36 baskets there, including four for re­ OF TEXAS cent Russian emigres. Members of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES families, who have given so much for our Shomrim Society, Hebrew for guardians or Tuesday, April 30, 1991 country, a little help. I hope you will join me in watchers, delivered the baskets to addresses supporting this measure. provided by the Greater Miami Jewish Fed­ Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, I believe in the eration and the Community Council for Jew­ family. I believe that by keeping families to­ ish Elderly. gether we give our young people the greatest In all, working with a variety of agencies, chance to become well-adjusted and produc­ TRIBUTE TO DETECTIVE SGT. the council supplied 4,000 packages for the tive members of society. Unfortunately, the PAUL MURRAY-ONE OF NASSAU homebound or indigent and another 2,000 COUNTY'S FINEST mini-baskets for elderly Jews in sectarian drug abuse and violence that permeate to­ nursing homes. day's society present the family with tougher At the Surfside center, the Jewish veterans challenges than every before. kibitzed as they worked. Herb Schoenfeld, a The Government has a special responsibility HON. NORMAN -F. LENf retired New York City police sergeant who for military families. Our soldiers dedicate their OF NEW YORK now runs a pretrial intervention program, lives to preserving our freedom and liberty, regaled the crowd with Jokes in Yiddish. and in return we should offer them benefits IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES One went this way: When two Jewish bum­ that meet the needs of their families. · blebees flew up to a house and landed on the Tuesday, April 30, 1991 flowers, one bee whipped out his yarmulke A number of cases in my district concerning and put it on. struggling military families have prompted me Mr. LENT. Mr. Speaker, it is a pleasure for "Why did you do that?" the other bee to introduce legislation that would help these me to take the floor and inform my distin­ asked. families stay together. The bill that I am intro­ guished colleagues of the accomplishments of Answered the first bee: "I didn't want to be ducing today would make a slight change in one of my constituents. On this occasion, I ta.ken for a wasp." eligibility for the military health care system. rise to recognize and pay special tribute to But the levity soon vanished on the deliv­ Although only slight, this change will mean Detective Sgt. Paul Murray of the Nassau ery trail. great financial and emotional relief for a few Waksman and Miller dropped off one bas­ County, NY Police Department. Det. Sgt. Mur­ ket for Mildred Kaufman, 54, and her hus­ families. · ray currently resides in Farmingdale and he is band, Armando, 60, who was born in Cuba When a child has been abused or ne­ a lifelong resident of Nassau County. and moved to the United States 40 years ago. glected, and social service agencies decide to Yesterday, April 29, 1991, marked Detective Armando Kaufman suffers from a bad remove the child from the home, social work­ Sergeant Murray's 25th anniversary with the heart, diabetes, poor circulation anci arthri­ ers first attempt to place the child in another tis. He's looking for work but hasn't been NCPD and, I have been informed, the continu­ home within the extended family. This place­ ation of an extraordinary record of devotion able to find anything. ment allows the child to hold onto family and service. During his quarter century with The Passover package, Mildred Kaufman bonds that have already formed, and prevents said, was like manna from heaven. "Every Nassau County's finest, Paul Murray has com­ this child from being shuffled from one foster little bit helps," she said. piled a perfect work attendance record, having family to another. In short, placement within I would like to commend David Waksman, the extended family provides the best emo­ never taken even 1 sick day. Bob Singer, and all the members of the tional support and stability for the child. Detective Sergeant Murray's complete dedi­ Shomrim Society, and the Surfside Jewish However, if this happens in a military family, cation to his law enforcement responsibilities War Veterans for donating their time to this some unintended problems crop up for both has been an inspiration to friends, family, and worthy cause. It is people like th~m that the family and the child. A child must be brother officers. For the last 1O years, he has brighten the lives of so many needy people in adopted, rather than in the legal custody of a been doing an outstanding job with the the World. I thank the Surfside Jewish War member or former member of the military to NCPD's Juvenile Aid Bureau and has served Veterans and the Shomrim Society for caring. be eligible for health care benefits due the as the supervisor of the juvenile aid activities family. Unless the child is adopted, the family of four south shore precincts. INTRODUCTION OF THE CALIFOR­ must purchase private health insurance for the Mr. Speaker, it is a privilege and an honor NIA .TRIBAL STATUS ACT OF 1991 child, or he must forgo health benefits entirely. to represent outstanding individuals like Detec­ As a whole I do not disagree with this policy tive Sgt. Paul Murray in this House. While HON. GEORGE MIU.ER of requiring adoption of a child for that child to working with trouble youngsters is an ex­ meet the qualifications as a dependent. I only OF CALIFORNIA tremely difficult and demanding job, Paul IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES disagree with the policy when there is a com­ Murray's selfless devotion has helped to en­ pelling reason .for the family not to adopt the Tuesday, April 30, 1991 sure that it is done right in Nassau County. I child. offer him every best wish for continued good Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, In the instance of a grandchild being placed health and extend the congratulations and today I am introducing the California Tribal with grandparents, a niece being placed with thanks of the people of the Fourth Congres­ Status Act of 1991. Excej:>t for a few minor ·an uncle, or a sibling with an older sister, sional District. changes, it is identical to the bill I introduced adoption of the child is uncomfortable for the in the 101st Congress. whole family. If adopted, the grandchild would April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9639 AMBASSADOR VERNON WALTERS years ago, he enlisted in the United States Midwood graduates have made laudable MARKS 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF Army to fight against Germany in a way which contributions to the educational, cultural, politi­ GOVERNMENT SERVICE resulted in the division of that country. Ap­ cal, artistic, and commercial aspects of our so­ proximately 40 years ago, he helped Secretary ciety. Its alumni body boasts Matilda Cuomo, HON. WM. S. BROOMflELD of State George Marshall launch the economic Woody Allen, and Erich Siegel. McKinney OF MICHIGAN recovery plan which enabled Germany to get Russell, the counsel to the U.S. Information IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES back on its feet. Six months ago, he stood on Agency, and the noted architect Alan Lapidus, Tuesday, April 30, 1991 the steps of the Reichstag Building in Berlin at also graduated from Midwood. the moment when Germany became whole Speaking personally, there is no doubt that Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, Thursday, again. A few weeks ago, the treaty went into my academic and extracurricular activities at May 2, will mark an extraordinary milestone in force which formally ended the Second World Midwood profoundly influenced my career. the history of public service: The 50th anniver­ War. Most of all, I fondly recall my tenure as the sary of Ambassador Vernon Walters' entry into For 50 years, Ambassador Walters has "Mayor" of the city of Midwood. Of course, it Government service. This achievement de­ been in the thick of the great events and deci­ was terrible to reach the pinnacle of my career serves our highest recognition and gratitude. sions that helped to shape the modern world. at the age of 17. For a high school senior, Ambassador Walters, who currently serves He has been an extraordinary American public having an office in B-71 was even more of a as United States Ambassador to the Federal servant and it is fitting that we commemorate thrill than sitting in my office in the U.S. Con­ Republic of Germany, began his career in this special anniversary by paying him tribute. gress several years later. public service on May 2, 1941, when he en­ Looking back at my experience as mayor, I listed as a private in the United States Army. realize that my most tangible achievement In the first of many remarkable accomplish­ A TRIBUTE TO MIDWOOD HIGH was to persuade the administration to sell ments, he became an officer the very same SCHOOL: REFLECTIONS OF A three Yankee Doodles for a dime in the school year, passing through every Army enlisted PROUD "MIDKID" cafeteria instead of two. But this effort taught rank except master sergeant. me a good deal about the cornerstone of polit­ Ambassador Walters saw extensive combat HON. STEPHEN J. SOLARZ ical action-how to get along with people. As duty during the Second World War. He partici­ OF NEW YORK mayor of Midwood, I first felt the satisfaction of pated in the invasion of North Africa in 1942 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public service, which has been one of the and fought until the end of the war in northern guiding forces in my life ever since. Italy. He later saw combat in the Greek civil Tuesday, April 30, 1991 So, as a proud "Midkid," Mr. Speaker, I war, Korea, and Vietnam. Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to want to extend my warmest best wishes to Ambassador Walters' special linguistic tal­ offer to my colleagues a tribute to an institu­ those Midwood graduates who will be cele­ ents have enabled him to combine his military tion which had a profound impact on my life, brating with me on May 5, and to congratulate career with diplomacy. He has served as a and the lives of thousands of Brooklynites­ all of my fellow alumni wherever they may be. special aide and interpreter to numerous Midwood High School. United States general officers and senior dip­ On May 5, Midwood will celebrate its 50th lomats, as well as Presidents Truman, Eisen­ anniversary at a festive reunion at the Jacob PROLIFERATION PROFITEERS: hower, and Nixon. As military attache in Brazil, K. Javitz Center in New York. A thousand PART 12 Italy, and France, he also displayed an ability graduates from Midwood's half a century of to carry out sensitive diplomatic missions. In successful and diverse classes will gather for HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK perhaps his most noteworthy diplomatic mis­ an evening dedicated to renewing old friend­ OF CALIFORNIA sion, he spirited Henry Kissinger into Paris for ships, sharing fond memories, and celebrating IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the historic secret negotiations with the North the high school's vast contributions to its Tuesday, April 30, 1991 Vietnamese in the late 1960's and early neighborhood, and indeed, the Nation. Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today, I am plac­ 1970's. Ever since Mayor LaGuardia dedicated the ing into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, the 12th Ambassador Walters has served the intel­ school 50 years ago, Midwood has maintained and final of my first set of case studies on for­ ligence community as well as the military and a record of academic excellence and commu­ eign companies which have sold nuclear foreign policy establishments. In 1972, while a nity involvement that have earned it a reputa­ weapons technology to Iraq. major general, he was named Deputy Director tion for one of the finest high schools in the Shortly I will begin another set of a dozen of the Central Intelligence Agency. The 4112 country. Midwood's first principal, Dr. Jacob case studies on foreign companies which have years in which he served the Agency included Ross and its second, Dr. Jacob Bernstein, cre­ exported nuclear items to countries of pro­ a 5-month stint as Acting Director. He left the ated a school which broke new ground in edu­ liferation concern. I am also including today a Agency in 1976 and retired from the Army as cational innovation. The experience curriculum chart which lists all 24 of these alleged pro­ a lieutenant general. and six-major program, for example, were but liferation profiteers and to whom they sold. From 1976 to 1981, Ambassador Walters two of the original initiatives that became mod­ You can see that a number of these compa­ was out of the Government. During this pe­ els for schools throughout the city. nies also do business with the United States. riod, he worked as a consultant, lecturer, and Our country's greatest resource are our chil­ These firms would be hit hard by my Nu­ author. In early 1981, he returned to Govern­ dren, and providing them with quality edu­ clear Non-Proliferation Enforcement Act (H.R. ment as a senior adviser to Secretary of State cation must be among our highest priorities. 830). Under this legislation, any foreign firm Alexander Haig. He served in this position for Midwood has certainly passed this test. This found selling-without the proper safe­ several months until President Reagan nomi­ year, Midwood boasted 7 of the 10 guards-nuclear items to countries like Iraq nated him to serve as Ambassador-at-Large. semifinalists in the Westinghouse science tal­ would have its goods barred from entering the From July 1981 to May 1985, Ambassador ent search. Throughout the 50-year history of United States. This legislation is closely mod­ Walters traveled to more than 108 countries, this particular event, Midwood has ranked sev­ elled on missile and chemical and biological covering 1112 million miles as the Reagan ad­ enth among all the high schools of the coun­ weapons sanctions which passed Congress ministration's chief diplomatic troubleshooter. try. last fall. The bill has been endorsed by leading In May 1985, Ambassador Walters became Of course, much of the credit for Midwood's experts in the field of nuclear nonproliferation, the U.S. Permanent Representative to the outstanding record of student achievement such as Gary Milhollin of the Wisconsin United Nations, a post which elevated him to must go to its teachers, who are indeed the project on nuclear arms control. membership in President Reagan's cabinet. backbone of the institution. Fifty years ago, He served at the United Nations until March Midwood attracted many teachers who en­ 1989, when he left to accept President Bush's tered the profession during the Great Depres­ appointment as Ambassador to the Federal sion, when jobs in the private sector were Republic of Germany. scarce. These teachers, like those who fol­ As envoy to Germany, Ambassador Walters lowed, were extraordinarily capable, devoted, has seen his career come full circle. Fifty and resourceful. 9640 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 TwELVE FOREIGN FIRMS REPORTEDLY EN- nents prepared for assembly, as well as tool­ to export restrictions. Technology Develop­ GAGED IN NUCLEAR WEAPONS-RELATED ing technology. Schmiedemeccanica is sus­ ment Group (TDG), said by the U.S. Depart­ TRADE WITH lRAQl pected of manufacturing several hundred ment of Defense to be an Iraqi-run front components for a uranium enrichment plant company based in Britain, bought shares of FIRM 12: SCHMIEDEMECCANICA SA Schmiedemeccanica and signed a loan agree­ (SWITZERLAND) that were confiscated en route to Iraq in July 1990 by German customs officials. The ment that Schmiedemeccanica has con­ Schmiedemeccanica SA is an engineering Swiss company, however, said the steel was firmed exists. TDG wanted to acquire an 18 firm that produces precision forgings for spe­ not "thermally treated" and was not subject percent stake in the firm and paid 3.4 million cialized parts and defense products, compo- Swiss francs for its stake of 7 percent. FOREIGN FIRMS REPORTED TO HAVE ENGAGED IN ILLICIT NUCLEAR TRADE- 1980-90

Selected Importers of nuclear weapon-related items Foiei1n suppliers U.S. trade relations Iraq Libya South Ar'1entina Brazil India Pakistan Afn:ia

Alfred Hempel (fRG) ...... Yes. Beleonucleaire (Bel1um) ...... x Yes. Brazilian Aelllnautics Co. (Brazil) •...... •.•.•...... x Yes. Cezus (France) ...... x French, parent Fechiney, has extemsive trade Use. Consan: En1ineerin1 (U.ll) .•...... •...... •.. x Yes; Parent, Conmac; En1ineerin1 based in U.S. Deaussa IFRGl ...... x Yes. · Elport-Union (FRG) ...... x (?) Gildemeister Pnljekta (FRG) ...... x Yes; shares held thru U.S. litton Industries sub . H & H lletalform IFRGl ...... x (?) Industries Cardoen (Chile) ...... x Firm has attempted to enter U.S. ma!Ut. Inter-Nuclear Se!vice (Switzerland) ...... (?) leybold (FRG) ...... x (?) MM Technolotien (FRG) ...... X (?) Matrix-Cllurhill (U.ll) ...... Yes; former parent of U.S.-based Matrix-Chun:hill. Messerschmitt-Belkow-Blohm (fRG) ...... Yes. Neue-Technoloaien (FRG) ...... ····i ········· Yes. x Yes; holds 100% of U.S. sub., Nukem Inc. ~~=~1~~d;···:::::: : :: : :: :::: : ::::: : :: : :::: ::: : : :: ::::: : :::::::::: : : : :::::::::::::::::::::::::: ·····x·········· x ····i ········· (?) 1 ····i ······· ·· Yes. ::~~!'ff1~~~r ~i~~~~~~... :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ·····x·········· (?) Schaeublin (Switerzland) ...... (?) Schmiedemeccanica (Switerzland) ...... (?) Tansnulllear (FRGJ ...... x Yes; held 50% of U.S. sub. until dissovled in 1988. Zircotube (France) ...... French parent, Pechinery, has extermsive trade ties. Soun:es: Mieles, press reports and studies held by the database and library of the Emer1in1 Nuclear Suppliers Project, Monterey Institute of International Studies. Prepared by C.A. Binkley.

KINGS OF HARLEM: THE RAGING Well, the Raging Rooks tri~and they suc­ and, since that time, remains active in all lev­ ROOKS OF ADAM CLAYTON POW­ ceeded. In doing so, they learned the greatest els of the association. A native of the Nether­ ELL, JR., JUNIOR ffiGH SCHOOL lesson of all: that they are capable of the best. lands, Koelemij came to the United States in As 13-year-old Jonathan Nook said, "Before 1954 and launched his homebuilding career this, I wouldn't even have thought myself that through his own Orange State Construction HON. CHARLFS 8. RANGEL a national chess champion would come from company in Tallahassee. John's business is OF NEW YORK Harlem. But now everyone has to give us re­ credited with the building of more than 3,000 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES spect. It proves that we may live in a bad housing units in Florida. neighborhood, but we can do things for our­ On the local level, Mr. Koelemij served as Tuesday, April 30, 1991 selves." president of the Tallahassee Builders Associa­ Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to First place in a national chess contest is in­ tion in 1958 and in 1964 and as the president pay tribute today to a remarkable group of deed wonderful news, but when one thinks of the Florida Home Builders Association in young men: the Raging Rooks Chess Team of about it, not all that surprising. As their coach 1966. He was the Florida association's first Adam Clayton Powell, Jr., Junior High School said after the tournament, "I knew they could "Builder of the Year" in 1974, and he was in Harlem, who just recently became national do it." among the State's first class of Florida Hous­ chess champions. ing Hall of Fame members in 1990. He also All of us in New York City should take pride JOHN J. KOELEMIJ HONORED AS was appointed by two Florida Governors to in their accomplishments. The Raging Rooks, 1991 HALL OF FAMER serve as chairman of the Governor's Council you see, did not have their trophy handed to on State Housing Goals. them on a platter. Like too many other chil­ PrrERSON Ever since John Koelemij was granted citi­ dren, many of the students from their junior HON. PETE zenship in the United States, he has been OF FLORIDA high school come from families that live in driven by a sense of patriotism that has al­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES poverty. Most of the chess champions have lowed him to help others work relentlessly for single parents or live with aunts and grand­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 their American dream-the right to own their mothers; some may not have a permanent ad­ Mr. PETERSON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, it own homes. Through his unending devotion to dress or a telephone. One player's family was is a great pleasure for me to congratulate his work, John has been successful in his en­ even bumed out of their building by drug deal­ John J. Koelemij of Tallahassee, FL, in his in­ deavors to expand the homebuilding industry ers. duction into the National Housing Hall of in Florida. How then have these students so consist­ Fame. The hall of fame, sponsored by the Na­ In his community, John has provided growth ently performed with excellence? Because tional Association of Home Builders, honors direction on the planning commission, worked they could. individuals who have actively worked toward with United Way, and established a mental Harlem, and indeed the entire city, teems the betterment of the American housing indus­ health clinic. Through his construction busi­ with youth like the Raging Rooks-children try. John J. Koelemij is such an individual and ness came other tangible contributions; hous­ filled with promise and hope, bursting with the it is an honor for me to congratulate him on ing for all income ranges for Tallahasseeans, desire to achieve something with their lives. his achievements. in addition to apartments, offices, and com­ Yet tragically, society seems to tell them that Mr. Koelemij is a homebuilder from Talla­ mercial buildings. they cannot achieve, that they have no oppor­ hassee and has been active in the industry for John Koelemij's relentless dedication to the tunity, that they need not even try to come in over 33 years. He served as president of the housing industry has borne fruit for home­ first place. National Association of Home Builders in 1985 builders all across the Nation. By representing

1 Sources: BBC Television Network, Sept. 30, 1990 Sept. 15, 1990, p. 13; New York Times, Dec. 23, 1990, Sunday Times, Dec. 16, 1990, pp. 1- 2, 4-5; Die Welt, by Jane Corbin; International Defense Directory, pp. Al, A4 by J . Brooke, F. Protzman, M. Wines; Nu­ Aug. 2, 1990, p. 8. 1987, p. 396 by Interavta SA; Journal De Geneve, cleonics Week Aug. 23, 1990, p. 13 by Mark Hubbs; April 30, 1991 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 9641 the national association through his lobbying gram for providing grants to projects that pro­ was especially colored to fade into the sand efforts, John has been responsible for forging mote the composting of the solid waste pro­ and the Army reported that from 700 meters, a working relationship between government duced by the fishing industry. these structures were virtually invisible. and private enterprise. John is an effective Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to sup­ On February 5, the Army Aviation Associa­ spokesperson for his industry because he port these composting initiatives. We have a tion of America honored Clamshell Buildings knows that the fight for housing issues must responsibility to deal with our national garbage by presenting it with a special small business be fought on both sides of the aisle, and his crisis which is filling our landfills and contami­ award, not only for the technical attributes of lobbying skills have been successful within the nating our ground water. Composting can be their shelters, but for their quick and com­ spirit of bipartisanship. a major part of the answer. petent response to an urgent Army request for On behalf of my fellow Tallahasseeans, and a large number of shelters in a short space of Floridians all across the State, I congratulate time. John on this honor that has been bestowed H. MILLER LANIER, CHAIRMAN OF I'm certain that my colleagues join me in ex­ upon him by those who know his accomplish­ THE TENNESSEE AERONAUTICS tending our congratulations and thanks to ments best-his fellow ·builders. COMMISSION Clamshell for its fine performance and con­ HON. BART GORDON tribution to our aircraft readiness in the Per­ sian Gulf. RAIL STRIKE OF TENNESSEE IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. VIC FAZIO Tue.sday, April 30, 1991 OF CALIFORNIA THE GOLD STAR MOTHERS Mr. GORDON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ASSOCIATION commend H. Miller Lanier for his dedication to Tuesday, April 30, 1991 improving the quality and safety of air travel in Mr. FAZIO. Mr. Speaker, on April 17, 1991, middle Tennessee and, indeed, across Amer­ Congress, recognizing the dangerous reper­ ica. HON. JAMFS T. WAISH cussions a rail strike could have on the Amer­ Mr. Lanier has devoted the last 50 years to OF NEW YORK ican economy and American jobs', acted swift­ training pilots and examining policy for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ly and decisively to keep the trains running. Federal Aviation Administration. At Middle And we did so without prejudicing the legiti- · Tennessee State University and other aero­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 mate concerns of either side. I was pleased to space programs he logged over 30,000 hours Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, I would like to see that one of the Nation's major rail compa­ of flight time as a pilot and instructor. He has bring to your attention an organization in nies took the time to thank Congress publicly served as chairman of the Tennessee Aero­ my in the April 22 edition of Roll Call for our rapid nautics Commission and a consultant to the district called the Gold Star Mothers Associa­ attention and fairness. At a time when our ac­ aerospace department at M.T.S.U. tion. These women have been actively work­ tions are routinely analyzed and criticized, we Mr. Lanier has been a national leader for ing to restore the original language of the law can stand by our works on the rail strike with the advancement of American aviation. The providing gold star lapel pins to the depend­ pride. FAA presented him with its silver medal for ents of every member of the Armed Forces distinguished service because of his extensive who dies as a result of an injury or illness sus­ work in policymaking and success in develop­ tained in the line of duty. COMPOST BILLS INTRODUCED ing safety-conscious and reliable pilots. Until 1958, a gold medal of honor, a lapel As someone who is concerned about avia­ pin, was given to the family members of all HON.GEORGEJ.HOCHBRUECKNER tion policy, I admire his contributions in these service men and women who were killed in OF NEW YORK areas. His accomplishments demand that we the line of duty. Then, however, the law was IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES respect him, honor him, and-most of all-that changed. Only those who were killed while en­ we thank him. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 gaged in conflict with a foreign enemy were awarded the pin. Mr. HOCHBRUECKNER. Mr. Speaker, Last year, I introduced legislation that would today I am introducing three bills that will pro­ CLAMSHELLS PERFORM change the law back to its original form. The mote the practice of composting. As you families of our brave service personnel de­ know, the United States faces a severe and HON. ROBERT J. LAGO~INO serve this small token of appreciation from worsening crisis in solid waste management. OF CALIFORNIA their country. Waste disposal has become increasingly im­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES With the present law intact, the families of practical due to environmental contamination, escalating fees, the closing of disposal facili­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 those sailors who died in the recent U.S.S. ties, and difficulties in siting new facilities. With Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I rise Iowa explosion would not receive the gold all of these problems, we must recognize that today to recognize and congratulate a small lapel pin, because the United States was not composting is a feasible solution to help deal business in my district that, like many busi­ participating in an official "armed conflict." with the increasing amounts of garbage enter­ nesses in the United States, supported the Al­ There are other tragic incidents, including ing our waste stream. A little known fact is lied presence in the Persian Gulf. that of a pilot, who having flown 28 missions that 30 to 60 percent of the waste produced We've all read about the ingenious way in in Vietnam, flew his 29th in a bombing mission by the United States is compostable. And not which our troops protected their equipment over Cambodia. Upon returning to his aircraft only is compost a safe way to manage waste from the powder-like sand in the Saudi desert. carrier, the plane failed to negotiate the land­ materials, it is useful as a soil amendment. Fewer of us have read about the superb-to ing when the arrester cable snapped, sending In order to expedite the research of compost use the accolades of AVSCO~aviation it careening off the ship's side. Because the and its applications, I have introduced three maintenance shelters supplied by Clamshell United States was not formally at war with bills. The first bill would establish a pilot pro­ Buildings of Santa Barbara. Cambodia his dependents were unable to re­ gram on a Department of Defense facility for These shelters are ingeniously designed to ceive the gold star lapel pin. the composting of yard and cafeteria waste. be easily erected and dismantled, and they Please join me in correcting these inequi­ The second bill requires the Secretary of can be used again. The ends can open and ties. Transportation to conduct research on the shut, much like a clamshell. The Army was management of waste found along Federal-aid able to erect these structures in the Saudi highways, including the application of compost desert with very little site preparation and in landscaping and roadside development of shield Apache helicopters, with their blades these highways. The third bill requires the on, from the Sun and sand while maintenance Secretary of Commerce to establish a pro- work was performed. The protective covering 9642 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS April 30, 1991 A CONGRESSIONAL SALUTE TO standing commitment and service. We wish the Women's Democratic Club of Clark Coun­ THE BROTHERS OF THE HOLY God's blessing on the brothers for another ty. CROSS OF ST. ANTHONY PARISH successful 50 years. I urge my fellow Members of Congress to IN LONG BEACH join me in honoring this extraordinary woman for the contributions she has made throughout HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON A TRIBUTE TO DOROTHY her lifetime of service. We look forward to her EISENBERG OF CALIFORNIA continued participation for the betterment of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JAMFS H. BILBRA Y the Las Vegas community. Tuesday, April 30, 1991 OF NEVADA Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES A TRIBUTE TO CLIFFORD EAGLES to pay tribute to, and acknowledge my deep Tuesday, April 30, 1991 respect for, the Brothers of the Holy Cross of St. Anthony Parish in Long Beach. This orga­ Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Speaker, today I would HON. JERRY LEWIS nization, which has provided a great service to like to pay tribute to an outstanding member of the Catholic youth of Long Beach, will com­ the Las Vegas community. On Monday, May OF CALIFORNIA memorate its 50 years of service at St. An­ 6, 1991, the Las Vegas school district will IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES honor Dorothy Eisenberg with the dedication thony High School during a Mass of Thanks­ Tuesday, April 30, 1991 giving on ascension Thursday, May 9, 1991. of an elementary school in her name. This This occasion gives me the opportunity to ex­ great honor is bestowed upon her for her out­ Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I press my deepest appreciation for their years standing community service. would like to bring to your attention the out­ of service to both the Catholic church and the Mrs. Eisenberg has been a Las Vegas-resi­ standing contributions and fine public service community. dent for 27 years during which time she has of Clifford Eagles of Yucaipa, CA. Known as In 1941 , the pastor of St. Anthony Parish in spent countless hours working to improve life one of the area's finest educators, Cliff will be Long Beach, Msgr. Bernard J. Dolan, decided in our community. Mrs. Eisenberg received her honored in June as he retires after many to establish a high school for boys. After meet­ bachelor of science degree from Temple Uni­ years of teaching. ing with Father John Cavanaugh, the presi­ versity in Philadelphia, PA. From 1971-73 she Cliff was born and raised in Yale, OK, and dent of the University of Notre Dame, Mon­ served as president of the League of Women received his BS and MS degrees in biology at signor Dolan determined that the group most Voters, of Las Vegas Valley. As president of Oklahoma State University: Cliff began teach­ fit to conduct the school was the Brothers of the League of Women Voters, she actively ing at Eisenhower High School when it the Holy Cross. lobbied for a package of environmental bills opened in 1959. Six years later, he transferred Monsignor Dolan's plan to start a boy's high which included legislation on air pollution, to San Gorgonio High School upon its opening school was approved and the Brothers of the water pollution, and solid waste disposal. and served as chairman of the science depart­ Holy Cross agreed to run it. Five brothers In 1974 Governor O'Callaghan appointed ment for' several years. He has remained at were sent from Notre Dame, IN to begin trans­ Mrs. Eisenberg to the Employee Management San Gorgonio teaching biology and laboratory forming the youth of Long Beach into well­ Relations Board and from 1977-81 she served physiology. educated young men. These original five men as chairman of this board. In past years he has been the recipient of established the tradition that has been fol­ Her long service to her community and her both a National Science Foundation grant and lowed by the Brothers at St. Anthony to this faith continued in 1979 as she became the Ford Foundation grant. The Ford Foundation day. first woman to hold the prestigious position of money was spent funding research classes in Over their 50 years at St. Anthony, many president of the Jewish Federation of Las biology at San Gorgonio. brothers have come and gone. However, the Vegas. She served in this position for 2 years During his well-deserved retirement, Cliff needs of the students and the service pro­ after which she served as the debate chair­ plans to spend a great deal of time traveling, vided by the borthers have remained constant. man for debates sponsored by the League of as well as spending time with his two children, The brothers have been a blessing to St. An­ Women Voters for the elections of Governor Laura and Dan, and two grandchildren, Jenna thony High School and an asset to the Arch­ and sheriff. and Nicole. diocese of Los Angeles and the greater Long From 1983-89 Mrs. Eisenberg chaired the Mr. Speaker, I ask that you join me and our Beach community. community planning council for the United colleagues today in recognizing the fine Today, St. Anthony High School continues Way. Organized and set up by Mrs. achievements of Cliff Eagles. He is a model to celebrate its past and its present, keenly Eisenberg, this was the first such group for the educator, a man who has dedicated his career looking forward to a very bright future. My wife local United Way. to professional and community service. It is fit­ Lee joins me in extending our congratulations Still very active in public service, Dorothy ting that the House honor him today for his to the Brothers of the Holy Cross for their out- Eisenberg currently serves as the president of successful and selfless career.