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Southern California Earthquake Center Southern California Earthquake Center Final Technical Report USGS Cooperative Agreement 02HQAG0008 I. Introduction The Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) is a regionally focused organization with a tripartite mission to • gather new information about earthquakes in Southern California, • integrate this information into a comprehensive and predictive understanding of earthquake phenomena, and • communicate this understanding to end-users and the general public in order to increase earthquake awareness and reduce earthquake risk. SCEC was founded in 1991 as a Science and Technology Center (STC) of the National Science Foundation (NSF), receiving primary funding from NSF’s Earth Science Division and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). SCEC graduated from the STC Program after a full 11-year run (SCEC1). It was reauthorized as a free-standing center on February 1, 2002 (SCEC2) with base funding from NSF and USGS. In addition, the Center was awarded major grants from NSF’s Information Technology Research (ITR) Program and its National Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Digital Library (NSDL) program. This report highlights the Center’s research activities during the five-year period (2002- 2007), with emphasis on the fifth and final year of SCEC2. The report is organized into the following sections: I. Introduction II. Planning, Organization, and Management of the Center III. Research Accomplishments IV. Communication, Education, and Outreach Activities V. Director’s Management Report VI. Advisory Council Report VII. Financial Report VIII. Report on Subawards and Monitoring IX. Demographics of SCEC Participants X. Report on International Contacts and Visits XI. Publications II. Planning, Organization, and Management of the Center The transition from SCEC1 to SCEC2 involved considerable planning and restructuring. A five-year planning document, The SCEC Strategic Plan 2002-2007, was submitted to the sponsoring agencies in October, 2001. This plan articulated the Center’s long-term research goals. The organization chart of the Center is shown on the next page. SCEC is an institution-based center, governed by a Board of Directors who represent its members. The SCEC membership now comprises 16 core institutions and 40 participating institutions. Board of Directors Under the SCEC2 by-laws, each core institution appoints one board member, and two at- large members are elected by the Board from the participating institutions. The 18 members of the Board are listed in Table II.1. Table II.1. SCEC Board of Directors Institutional and At-Large Representatives Thomas H Jordan* (Chair) University of Southern California Gregory C. Beroza* (Vice-Chair) Stanford University Peter Bird University of California, Los Angeles Emily Brodsky University of California Santa Cruz James N. Brune University of Nevada Reno Douglas Burbank* University of California Santa Barbara Steven M. Day San Diego State University James Dieterich University of California, Riverside Bill Ellsworth USGS-Menlo Park Lisa Grant (At-Large) University of California Irvine Thomas Heaton California Institute of Technology Thomas A. Herring Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lucile Jones* USGS-Pasadena J. Bernard Minster* University of California San Diego James Rice Harvard University Bruce Shaw Columbia University Terry Tullis (At-Large) Brown University Robert Wesson USGS-Golden Ex-Officio Members Ralph Archuleta (Deputy Director), John McRaney* (Executive Secretary), Mark Benthien (Associate Director, CEO), Phil Maechling (IT Architect) * Executive Committee members Ex officio members include the SCEC Deputy Director, Ralph Archuleta; the Associate Director for Administration, John McRaney, who also serves as Executive Secretary to the Board; the Associate Director for Communication, Education and Outreach, Mark Benthien, and the SCEC IT Architect, Phil Maechling. External Advisory Council SCEC’s Advisory Council (AC) is an external group charged with developing an overview of SCEC operations and giving advice to the Director and the Board. Sean Solomon of the Carnegie Institution of Washington continued as Chair of the AC in 2006. The Advisory Council’s second report is reproduced verbatim in Section VI. Organization of Research A central organization within SCEC is the Science Planning Committee (PC), which is chaired by the Deputy Director and Table II.2. Leadership of the SCEC Working has the responsibility for formulating Groups the Center’s science plan, conducting Disciplinary Committees proposal reviews, and recommending Seismology: John Vidale (chair)* projects to the Board for SCEC Peter Shearer (co-chair) funding Geodesy: Duncan Agnew (chair)* The PC membership includes the Mark Simons (co-chair) chairs of the major SCEC working Geology: Mike Oskin (chair)* groups. There are three types of Tom Rockwell (co-chair) working groups—disciplinary Fault & Rock Mechanics: Terry Tullis (chair)* Judi Chester (co-chair) committees, focus groups, and special project groups. The Center is Focus Groups fortunate that some of its most Structural Representation: John Shaw (leader)* energetic and accomplished Jeroen Tromp (co-leader) colleagues participate as group Fault Systems: Brad Hager (leader)* leaders (Table II.2). Jim Dieterich (co-leader) The Center sustains disciplinary Sally McGill (co-leader) science through standing committees Earthquake Source Physics: Ruth Harris (leader)* in seismology, geodesy, geology, and David Oglesby (co- leader) fault and rock mechanics. These Ground Motions: Paul Davis (leader)* committees are responsible for Robert Graves (co-leader) planning and coordinating Seismic Hazard Analysis: Ned Field (leader)* disciplinary activities relevant to the David Jackson (co-leader) SCEC science plan, and they make recommendations to the Science Special Project Groups Planning Committee regarding the Implementation Interface: Paul Somerville (leader)* support of disciplinary infrastructure. Rob Wesson (co-leader) Interdisciplinary research is SCEC/ITR Project: Bernard Minster (liaison)* organized into five science focus Borderland Working Group: Craig Nicholson (chair)* areas: structural representation, fault * Science Planning Committee members systems, earthquake source physics, ground motion, and seismic hazard analysis. The focus groups are the crucibles for the interdisciplinary synthesis that lies at the core of SCEC’s mission. In addition to the disciplinary committees and focus groups, SCEC manages several special research projects, including the Southern California Integrated GPS Network (SCIGN), the Western InSAR Consortium (WInSAR), the Borderland Working Group, and the SCEC Information Technology Research (SCEC/ITR) Project. Each of these groups is represented on the Science Planning Committee by its chair, with the exception of the SCEC/ITR Project, which is represented by Bernard Minster, a Co-P.I. of the project (the P.I. is the Center Director, Tom Jordan). In June, 2005, the SCEC board voted to disband the SCIGN group as a standing committee of SCEC. SCIGN had completed its mission and the future mainteance of continuous GPS site in southern California will be handled by PBO/UNAVCO, the USGS, and the county surveyors. This action was approved by NSF and the USGS. The transition to PBO maintenance will be completed in March, 2008 The Borderland Working Group represents SCEC researchers interested in coordinating studies of the offshore tectonic activity and seismic hazards in California Borderland. This group will be disbanded at the end of SCEC2. The goal of the SCEC/ITR Project is to develop an advanced information infrastructure for system-level earthquake science in Southern California. Partners in this SCEC-led collaboration include the San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC), the Information Sciences Institute (ISI), the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS), and the USGS. In many respects, the SCEC/ITR Project presents a microcosm of the IT infrastructures now being contemplated in the context of EarthScope and other large-scale science initiatives, so the opportunities and pitfalls in this area need to be carefully assessed. The SCEC/ITR annual report has been submitted as a separate document to NSF. A proposal to fund SCEC3 for the period from 2007-2012 was submitted to NSF and USGS in March, 2005. The proposal was approved in 2006 and SCEC continues as SCEC3 under funding for 2007-2012. Communication, Education, and Outreach SCEC is committed to applying the basic research in earthquake science to the practical problems of reducing earthquake losses. To accomplish this aspect of its mission, SCEC maintains a vigorous Communication, Education, and Outreach (CEO) Program that receives 10% of its base funding plus other funds from special projects, such as the Electronic Encyclopedia of Earthquakes. CEO activities are managed by the Associate Director for CEO, Mark Benthien. The programmatic elements include structured activities in education and public outreach and two new structures: an Implementation Interface, designed to foster two-way communication and knowledge transfer between between SCEC scientists and partners from other communities—in particular, earthquake engineering, risk analysis, and emergency management, and a Diversity Task Force, responsible for furthering the goal of gender and ethnic diversity in earthquake science. A report on the third-year CEO activities is given in Section IV. III. Director’s Summary of SCEC2 and Plans for SCEC3 1. Introduction The
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