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Table 1. List of Vegetation Communities and Microsites Sampled in 1984 and 1985

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Table 1. List of vegetation communities and microsites sampled in 1984 and 1985 Plot No. Plant Community Microsite SW-1 Moist Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Vaccinium Inter-water-track area uliginosum, Sphagnum rubellum, Hylocomium splendens sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-2 Wet Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Eriophorum angustifolium, Well developed water track Drepanocladus uncinatus low-shrub, sedge tundra SW-3 Moist Eriophorum vaginatum, Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia Inter-water-track area ssp. pulchra, Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens, Betula nana, Hylocomium splendens, Aulacomnium turgidum tussock- sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-4a Wet Eriophorum vaginatum, Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia ssp. Weakly developed water track pulchra, Drepanocladus uncinatus tussock-sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-4b Moist Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex Margin of water tracks bigelowii, Sphagnum rubellum, Aulacomnium palustre low- shrub tundra SW-5 Wet Betula nana, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Carex bigelowii, Weakly defined water track Hylocomium splendens, very little Sphagnum spp. low-shrub tundra SW-6 Moist Carex bigelowii, Betula nana, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Inter-water-track site with weakly Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens, Hylocomium splendens, developed solifluction features Sphagnum ssp. sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-7 Wet Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Carex bigelowii, Eriophorum Weakly defined water track vaginatum, Rubus chamaemorus, Hylocomium splendens, Sphagnum ssp. low-shrub tundra SW-8 Moist Carex bigelowii, Betula nana, Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens, Inter-water-track area Sphagnum spp. sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-9 Dry Arctous alpina, Salix phlebophylla, Cetraria nivalis, Dry rocky till Sphaerophorus globosus, dwarf-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-10 Moist Betula nana, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Carex bigelowii, Margin of water track Sphagnum spp. Low-shrub tundra SW-11 Wet Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Eriophorum angustifolium. Betula Well developed water track nana, Sphagnum spp., low-shrub, sedge tundra SW-12 Moist Carex bigelowii, Betula nana, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Inter-water-track area Eriophorum vaginatum, Sphagnum spp., Hylocomium splendens, sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-13 Moist Betula nana, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Carex bigelowii, Inter-water-track area, footslope of west- Sphagnum spp., Hylocomium splendens low-shrub, sedge facing hill tundra SW-14 Wet Carex aquatilis, Rubus chamaemorus, Salix fuscescens, Flat creek margin Sphagnum spp., sedge, dwarf-shrub, moss tundra SW-15 Moist Betula nana, Rubus chamaemorus, Salix fuscescens, Slightly raised streamside site Sphagnum spp., Aulacomnium turgidum, dwarf-shrub, moss tundra SW-16 Aquatic Carex aquatilis, Eriophorum angustifolium, sedge tundra Stream channel SW-17 Moist Betula nana, Eriophorum vaginatum, Rubus chamaemorus, Inter-water-track area, footslope of west- Sphagnum spp., tussock-sedge, dwarf-shrub, moss tundra facing hill Table 1. List of vegetation communities and microsites sampled in 1984 and 1985 Plot No. Plant Community Microsite SW-18 Wet Carex aquatilis, Salix fuscescens, Salix chamissonis, Carex Wet meadow with strangmoor rariflora, Sphagnumspp., sedge tundra SW-19 Wet Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Salix fuscescens, Sphagnum lenense, Wet meadow sedge, dwarf-shrub, moss tundra SW-20 Wet Carex rotundata, Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Salix fuscescens, Wet meadow Sphagnum lenense sedge, dwarf-shrub, moss tundra SW-21a Wet Carex rotundata, C. rariflora, Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Inter-hummock in wet meadow with Sphagnum imbricatum sedge tundra strangmoor SW-21b Moist Betula nana, Vaccinium uliginosum, Sphagnum lenense dwarf- Hummocks in wet meadow with shrub tundra strangmoor SW-22a Wet Carex rariflora, C. rotundata, Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Inter-hummock areas in wet meadow Sphagnum lindbergii sedge tundra SW-22b Wet Eriophorum scheuchzeri, Andromeda polifolia, Salix fuscescens, Hummocks in wet meadow Sphagnum lenense sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-23 Aquatic Carex aquatilis, C. rotundata, sedge tundra Stream channel SW-24 Moist Betula nana, Rubus chamaemorus, Ledum palustre ssp. Palsa decumbens, Dicranum elongatum, Sphagnum spp., Cladonia spp. dwarf-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-25a Moist Carex rariflora, Betula nana, Salix fuscescens, Sphagnum spp. Hummock in strangmoor area sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-25b Wet Carex rariflora, Eriophorum scheuchzeri, C. rotundata, Inter-hummock sites in strangmoor area Sphagnum imbricatum sedge tundra SW-26 Dry Cassiope tetragona, Vaccinium uliginosum, Carex bigelowii, Dry stone stripe with frost scars on Tortula ruralis, Dicranum elongatum, Cetraria nivalis, shoulder of hill Cladonia spp. fruticose lichen tundra SW-27 Moist Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, S. reticulata, Wetter area between stone stripes Cassiope tetragona, Hylocomium splendens, Dicranum fuscescens sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra SW-28 Dry Arctous alpina, Salix phlebophylla, Diapensia lapponica, Rocky till deposit on hill crest Dicranum elongatum, Alectoria nigricans, Cetraria nivalis dwarf-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-29a Moist Betula nana, Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens, Calamagrostis Inter-frost-scar areas on stone stripe inexpansa, Salix phlebophylla, Dicranum fuscescens, Cladonia rangiferina dwarf-shrub, grass, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-29b Dry Arctous alpina, Luzula arctica, Polytrichum strictum, Alectoria Frost scars on stone stripe ochroleuca barren SW-30a Moist Betula nana, Salix phlebophylla, Cassiope tetragona, Carex Inter-frost-scar areas on stone stripe bigelowii, Dicranum elongatum, Cladonia rangiferina dwarf- shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-30b Dry Salix phlebophylla, Luzula arctica, Diapensia lapponica, Frost scars on stone stripe Rhacomitrium lanuginosum, Alectoria ochroleuca barren SW-31 Moist Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Petasites Wetter area between stone stripes frigidus, Dicranum sp., Hylocomium splendens sedge, dwarf- shrub tundra SW-32a Moist Cassiope tetragona, Salix phlebophylla, Dicranum elongatum, Inter-frost-scar areas on stone stripe Cladonia rangiferina dwarf-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra Table 1. List of vegetation communities and microsites sampled in 1984 and 1985 Plot No. Plant Community Microsite SW-32b Dry Salix phlebophylla, Luzula arctica barren Frost scars on stone stripe SW-33 Dry Dryas octopetala, Salix phlebophylla, Hierochloe alpina dwarf- Dry southwest-facing sandstone outcrop shrub tundra SW-34 Wet Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Eriophorum angustifolium, Well developed water track Petasites frigidus, Drepanocladus uncinatus, Sphagnum spp. low-shrub, sedge tundra SW-35a Moist Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Carex bigelowii, Petasites Tops of weakly developed solifluction frigidus, Aulacomnium palustre, Sphagnum spp. low-shrub lobes in water track margin tundra SW-35b Wet Eriophorum angustifolium, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Interhummock areas Aulacomnium palustre, Drepanocladus uncinatus, Sphagnum angustifolium, Sphagnum spp., Sedge, moss tundra SW-36a Wet Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Eriophorum angustifolium, Tops of solifluction hummocks in water Petasites frigidus, Hylocomium splendens, Aulacomnium track palustre, Sphagnum spp. low-shrub, sedge tundra SW-36b Wet Eriophorum angustifolium, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Inter-hummock areas in water track Drepanocladus uncinatus, Sphagnum spp. sedge, low shrub tundra SW-37 Aquatic Sparganium hyperboreum, Hippuris vulgaris, Calliergon Pond in beaded stream sarmentosum forb marsh SW-38 Dry Arctous alpina, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Dicranum elongatum, Rocky till, shoulder of hill Cetraria nivalis, Cornicularia divergens, Cladonia spp. dwarf- shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-39 Dry Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Hierochloe alpina, Salix phlebophylla, Slight depression in dry till at crest of Dicranum elongatum, Cetraria nivalis, Cladonia spp. dwarf- hill shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-40 Dry Cassiope tetragona, Carex microchaeta, Artemisia arctica, Snowbed area on east-facing slope Dicranum sp., Cladonia spp. dwarf-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-41 Dry Cassiope tetragona, Salix chamissonis, Carex microchaeta, Snowbed area on east-facing slope Hylocomium splendens, Cladonia spp., Cetraria spp. dwarf- shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-42 Dry Dryas octopetala, Salix phlebophylla, Cornicularia divergens, Exposed sandstone outcrop Alectoria ochroleuca prostrate-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-43 Dry Salix phlebophylla, Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Arctous alpina, Dry till outcrop on ridge Diapensia lapponica, Cetraria nivalis, Sphaerophorus globosus, Cetraria cucullata prostrate-shrub, fruticose-lichen tundra SW-44a Dry Vaccinium vitis-idaea, Cassiope tetragona, Salix phlebophylla, Dry portion of stone-stripe complex Carex bigelowii, Dicranum elongatum, Cladonia rangiferina, Cetraria spp., Sphaerophorus globosus dwarf-shrub, fruticose- lichen tundra SW-44b Dry Cassiope tetragona, Salix phlebophylla, Luzula arctica, Frost scar on stone stripe Rhacomitrium lanuginosum barren SW-45 Moist Carex bigelowii, Salix planifolia ssp. pulchra, Betula nana, Moist part of stone-stripe complex Ledum palustre ssp. decumbens, Aulacomnium palustre, Sphagnum spp. sedge, dwarf-shrub tundra Table 1. List of vegetation communities and microsites sampled in 1984 and 1985 Plot No. Plant Community Microsite SW-46 Moist Betula nana, Rubus chamaemorus, Carex bigelowii, Footslope, inter-water-track Hylocomium splendens, Sphagnum spp. low-shrub, moss tundra SW-47 Wet Carex aquatilis, Salix chamissonis,
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  • Combined Effects of Simulated Browsing, Warming and Nutrient

    Combined Effects of Simulated Browsing, Warming and Nutrient

    Polar Biology (2019) 42:1561–1570 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-019-02543-y ORIGINAL PAPER Combined efects of simulated browsing, warming and nutrient addition on forage availability for migratory caribou in Nunavik, Canada Valérie Saucier1 · Emilie Champagne1,2 · Steeve D. Côté1 · Jean‑Pierre Tremblay1,2 Received: 23 July 2018 / Revised: 29 May 2019 / Accepted: 9 July 2019 / Published online: 30 July 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract At high population size, migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus) are regulated by forage abundance in their summer range. Climate warming likely afects forage availability by increasing productivity and advancing phenology of vegetation. Our objective was to investigate the combined efects of browsing and climate warming on the availability of dwarf birch (Betula glandulosa). We simulated direct (warming, with open-top chambers) and indirect (increased nutrient cycling) efects of climate warming in interaction with simulated browsing (leaf stripping) from 2009 to 2013 in Nunavik, Canada. We meas- ured the efect of treatments on dwarf birch biomass and phenology. Moderate and heavy browsing reduced the estimated biomass of birch leaves by 14% and 34%, respectively. Fertilization did not increase the biomass of birch leaves, but increased the biomass of another forage, Poaceae. The warming treatment advanced the opening of birch leaves by 4 days (95% CI: [3, 6]) in 2011 and 7 [5, 8] days in 2013, the two years colder than average. The absence of signifcant phenological shifts in warmed plots during warmer springs suggests that established dwarf birches may have reached a threshold in a limiting resource, likely soil moisture, under which they cannot respond to further warming.