O Papel Do Laptop (Vitor Joaquim).Pdf

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O Papel Do Laptop (Vitor Joaquim).Pdf UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA PORTUGUESA O PAPEL DO LAPTOP PERFORMER ENQUANTO AGENTE TRANSFORMADOR DAS PRÁTICAS MUSICAIS Tese apresentada à Universidade Católica Portuguesa para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciência e Tecnologia das Artes, com especialização em Informática Musical por Vitor Joaquim Paredes Fernandes ESCOLA DAS ARTES Fevereiro de 2014 UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA PORTUGUESA O PAPEL DO LAPTOP PERFORMER ENQUANTO AGENTE TRANSFORMADOR DAS PRÁTICAS MUSICAIS Tese apresentada à Universidade Católica Portuguesa para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciência e Tecnologia das Artes, com especialização em Informática Musical Por Vitor Joaquim Paredes Fernandes Sob orientação do Professor Doutor Álvaro Barbosa Co-orientação: Professor Doutor Pedro Duarte Pestana ESCOLA DAS ARTES Fevereiro de 2014 O autor foi parcialmente financiado através da Fundacão para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal; bolsa SFRH/BD/62082/2009, projecto “PEst-OE/EAT/UI0622/2011”. investigador afiliado à Escola da Artes da Universidade Católica / CITAR RESUMO Este trabalho nasceu de uma preocupação sentida relativamente à forma como se percepciona a performance musical de laptop. Neste âmbito, considerámos o ponto de vista das audiências que, desprovidas de informação visual e gestual, se sentem perdidas face à não existência de um nexo de causalidade que lhes dê pistas sobre o que está a acontecer, e num segundo plano, considerámos as preocupações que esta ausência de percepção implica na forma como os criadores tomam decisões e fazem as suas propostas em performance. Tendo em conta esta dualidade de preocupações, quisemos compreender as percepções dos criadores e observar as diversas formas de reagir à disrupção, considerando a forma tradicional de se produzir e apresentar musica ao vivo. Assim, optámos por iniciar o processo dirigindo-nos aos criadores, começando por um focus group e evoluindo posteriormente para dois inquéritos modulados em função dos resultados precedentes, adoptando-se um processo evolutivo e iterativo em que cada novo passo correspondia a um conjunto de observações alicerçadas na investigação precedente. Do conjunto de observações realizadas, concluiu-se que os criadores, embora conscientes da descontinuidade provocada pela disrupção, não manifestavam grande preocupação relativamente ao impacto provocado. Por outro lado, observámos uma atitude muito proactiva relativamente ao desenvolvimento e implementação de actuações que transformavam a forma de produzir a própria performance. Desse conjunto de princípios, sublinha-se a criação de novas soluções de desprogramação e rotura com os modelos tradicionais de produzir (Dhomont, Cascone, López), a consciência e adopção de novas formas de negociar o que é estar em palco (López, Brook, Emmerson, Shepherd, Sloboda), e a implementação de comportamentos que apontam para a valorização gradual da consciência do autor-produtor (Benjamin, Cascone). Concluída esta fase de abordagem aos criadores, partindo das observações que desvalorizavam o papel do gesto musical e de uma revisão histórica a apontar no sentido contrário, desencadeámos um último processo de inquirição dirigido ao público em geral, tendo como objectivo avaliar se a qualidade do gesto musical fica impressa no resultado sonoro de uma interpretação. Os resultados desta última pesquisa mostraram não haver correlação aparente entre a produção de gesto e a percepção desse valor por parte das audiências. Estes dados levam-nos a concluir não haver evidências de que o gesto fique de facto impresso no programa sonoro, o que vem justificar o comportamento geral dos criadores electrónicos ao desvalorizarem o papel atribuído ao gesto na produção musical. i ii ABSTRACT The present work revolves around the overall perception of laptop performance in the musical domain. We have considered the audience’s standpoint, who, bereft of visual and gestural information, feels the loss of a causality thread that provides cues about what is happening. At a second stage, we have also considered the consequences that this bereavement implies in the way artists will shape their decisions and performance proposals. This duality of concerns led us to strive to understand the artist’s perceptions and investigate the myriad ways of reacting to the newfound disruption to the traditional production model of music. Thus, we opted to start our process by targeting the artists themselves, beginning with a focus group and evolving towards two different surveys that were sequentially modulated by the results of previous steps. This yielded an evolutional and adaptive process, where each new step would be deeply grounded on the previous research. Out of the investigations carried out, it became apparent that artists, while aware of the discontinuity this disruption had caused, did not manifest a strong concern about its impact. On the other hand, we have sensed a proactive attitude towards the development and implementation of procedures that transformed the production methodology of the performance itself. From this set of principles, one should highlight the inception of new strategies of de-programming and rupture with standard models of production (Cascone, Dhomont, López), the conscience and adoption of new ways of negotiating the meaning of being on stage (López, Brook, Emmerson, Shepherd, Sloboda), and the implementation of behaviours that point towards the gradual awareness of what an author- producer should be (Benjamin, Cascone). After this first step of researching the artists, and contemplating the statements that devalued the gesture’s role while our historical review pointed in the opposite direction, we triggered a last investigative strategy directed to the general audience. This consisted on the evaluation on whether the quality of musical gesture is imprinted upon the aural result of an interpretation. The results of this last item of research have shown there is no apparent correlation between body engagement and gestural production, and the audience’s perception of interpretational quality. This data led us to conclude there are no evidences that the gesture is in fact a relevant part of the sound panorama, which justifies the overall behaviour of electronic music authors, who tend to devalue the role of movement in musical production. iii iv AGRADECIMENTOS Primeiramente, ao Professor Álvaro Barbosa pela forma como sempre incentivou a autonomia deste estudo e o soube amparar nas horas mais difíceis, e mesmo naquelas que não sendo difíceis, precisavam igualmente de um certo amparo. Uma palavra muito especial de apreço também pela confiança depositada ao endereçar-me o convite para leccionar na Escola das Artes da Universidade Católica do Porto, lugar onde tenho redescoberto o prazer de ganhar novos amigos entre os muitos alunos que vou conhecendo anualmente. Ao Professor Pedro Pestana pela finesse do toque, pelo debate, pelo constante amparo na revisão das ideias, dos textos, e de tudo o mais que fosse necessário. Ao Professor Paulo Ferreira Lopes pela imensa paciência na condução dos affairs escolares e pela grande subtileza com que sempre soube coordenar a pressão e impulsionar a investigação e a dinâmica de grupo no seio do Programa de Doutoramento em Ciência e Tecnologia das Artes. À Professora Sofia Lourenço um redobrado agradecimento pela incansável paciência e sabedoria em saber trazer as perguntas pertinentes à ordem do dia, assim como pela sua generosidade em aceder colaborar na gravação da performance de piano, peça fundamental no desfecho desta tese. À Professora Maria Guilhermina Castro pela ajuda inicial a localizar o campo de trabalho e a abrir os imensos horizontes do pensamento. Uma perspectiva sem a qual este trabalho nunca seria o que é. Ao Professor Sergi Jordà por ter acreditado desde a primeira hora que esta proposta poderia abrir portas a algo de interessante para observar, embora esse algo não fosse nada claro de início. À grande amiga e Professora Patricia Gouveia pela generosidade e companheirismo desde o primeiro momento que este projecto se começou a delinear. Ao Professor Carlos Caires pela ajuda no entendimento do que pode ser um índice. Muitas vezes, o que parece fácil pode não o ser. v Ao colega e amigo André Baltazar pelo seu incansável dedilhar na captura da performance musical e no processamento de informação no sistema Vicon. Ao colega e amigo Vasco Carvalho pela disponibilidade e pelo auxílio na montagem do sistema de gravação áudio na Vicon. Sem ele o piano não soaria como soou. Ao colega e amigo Ricardo Megre pela paciência e colaboração na visualização da informação produzida no sistema Vicon. É um prazer ver alguém a tratar a captura de movimento por “tu”. Ao colega e grande amigo João Cordeiro, aquela pilha de energia que nunca vira costas a nada, e que, chegado dos confins do planeta, foi capaz de resolver em meia hora de tempo uma angustiazinha que se arrastava há semanas. Como companheiro, é inqualificável de tão bom que consegue ser. Ao Francisco Bernardo pelas achegas cruciais na operação do Mendeley e pelos toques suaves na formatação do Word. Coisas simples para uns são muitas vezes quebra- cabeças para outros. Ao Jorge Coutinho pelo companheirismo no debate sobre a visualização e análise de dados. Às vezes as coisas mais simples são as que melhor funcionam. E claro é sempre muito gratificante aprender alguma coisa com amigos que conhecemos como alunos. Aos colegas de doutoramento que, cada um a seu modo, contribuíram para o crescimento de um sentido de grupo e de um ambiente fraterno na Escola das Artes. Os nossos
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