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Morphology and Distribution of the Spinner Dolphin, Stenella
J. CETACEAN RES. MANAGE. 1(2):167- 177 , 1999 167 Morphology and distribution of the spinner dolphin,Stenella longirostris, rough-toothed dolphin,Steno bredanensis and melon-headed whale,Peponocephala electra, from waters off the Sultanate of Oman1 Koen Van W aerebeek*, M ichael G allagheri Robert Baldwin Vassili Papastavrou§ and Samira M ustafa A l - L a w a t i 1 Contact e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The morphology of three tropical delphinids from the Sultanate of Oman and their occurrence in the Arabian Sea are presented. Body lengths of four physically mature spinner dolphins (three males) ranged from 154-178.3cm (median 164.5cm), i.e. smaller than any known stock of spinner dolphins, except the dwarf forms from Thailand and Australia. Skulls of Oman spinner dolphins (n = 10) were practically indistinguishable from those of eastern spinner dolphins ( Stenella longirostris orientalis) from the eastern tropical Pacific, but were considerably smaller than skulls of populations of pantropical ( Stenella longirostris longirostris) and Central American spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris centroamericana). Two colour morphs (CM) were observed. The most common (CM1) has the typical tripartite pattem of the pantropical spinner dolphin. A small morph (CM2), so far seen mostly off Muscat, is characterised by a dark dorsal overlay obscuring most of the tripartite pattern and by a pinkish or white ventral field and supragenital patch. Two skulls were linked to a CM1 colour morph, the others were undetermined. It is concluded that Oman spinner dolphins should be treated as a discrete population, morphologically distinct from all known spinner dolphin subspecies. -
Savai'i Volcano
A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist A Visitor's Field Guide to Savai’i Touring Savai'i with a Geologist Warren Jopling Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THIS ARTICLE Tuapou Warren Jopling is an Australian geologist who retired to Savai'i to grow coffee after a career in oil exploration in Australia, Canada, Brazil and Indonesia. Travels through Central America, the Andes and Iceland followed by 17 years in Indonesia gave him a good understanding of volcanology, a boon to later educational tourism when explaining Savai'i to overseas visitors and student groups. His 2014 report on Samoa's Geological History was published in booklet form by the Samoa Tourism Authority as a Visitor's Guide - a guide summarising the main geological events that built the islands but with little coverage of individual natural attractions. This present article is an abridgement of the 2014 report and focuses on Savai'i. It is in three sections; an explanation of plate movement and hotspot activity for visitors unfamiliar with plate tectonics; a brief summary of Savai'i's geological history then an island tour with some geologic input when describing the main sites. It is for nature lovers who would appreciate some background to sightseeing. Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist The Pacific Plate, The Samoan Hotspot, The Samoan Archipelago The Pacific Plate, the largest of the Earth's 16 major plates, is born along the East Pacific Rise. -
Samoa Socio-Economic Atlas 2011
SAMOA SOCIO-ECONOMIC ATLAS 2011 Copyright (c) Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) 2011 CONTACTS Telephone: (685) 62000/21373 Samoa Socio Economic ATLAS 2011 Facsimile: (685) 24675 Email: [email protected] by Website: www.sbs.gov.ws Postal Address: Samoa Bureau of Statistics The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) PO BOX 1151 Apia Samoa National University of Samoa Library CIP entry Samoa socio economic ATLAS 2011 / by The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS). -- Apia, Samoa : Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Government of Samoa, 2011. 76 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. Disclaimer: This publication is a product of the Division of Census-Surveys & Demography, ISBN 978 982 9003 66 9 Samoa Bureau of Statistics. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions 1. Census districts – Samoa – maps. 2. Election districts – Samoa – expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of any funding or census. 3. Election districts – Samoa – statistics. 4. Samoa – census. technical agencies involved in the census. The boundaries and other information I. Census-Surveys and Demography Division of SBS. shown on the maps are only imaginary census boundaries but do not imply any legal status of traditional village and district boundaries. Sam 912.9614 Sam DDC 22. Published by The Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Govt. of Samoa, Apia, Samoa, 2015. Overview Map SAMOA 1 Table of Contents Map 3.4: Tertiary level qualification (Post-secondary certificate, diploma, Overview Map ................................................................................................... 1 degree/higher) by district, 2011 ................................................................... 26 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3 Map 3.5: Population 15 years and over with knowledge in traditional tattooing by district, 2011 ........................................................................... -
An Analysis of Household Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Falelima, Samoa
An Analysis of Household Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Falelima, Samoa By Timothy M Martin A Report Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering Michigan Technological University 2009 Copyright © Timothy M Martin 2009 This report “An Analysis of Household Rainwater Harvesting Schemes in Falelima, Samoa” is hereby approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Civil Engineering. Civil and Environmental Engineering Master’s International Program Signatures: Report Advisor _________________________ David Watkins Department Chair _______________________ William M Bulleit Date ______________________ ii Preface This study is based on the 27 months I served with as a U.S. Peace Corps Volunteer from June 2006 through August 2008 in the Pacific nation of Samoa. I served in the village based development program assisting the village of Falelima, Samoa on the island of Savai’i. This report is submitted to complete my master’s degree in Civil Engineering from the Master’s International Program in Civil and Environmental Engineering at Michigan Technological University. It focuses on work completed to expand rainwater harvesting capabilities of Falelima. iii Table of Contents Preface iii Table of Contents iv List of Figures v List of Tables v Acknowledgements vi Abstract vii 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Background Information for Samoa and Falelima 4 2.1 Geography and Environment 4 2.2 National History 5 2.3 People and Culture 7 2.4 Water and Sanitation -
Pacific Case Studies
Towards Access and Benefit-Sharing Best Practice Pacific Case Studies Report written and prepared by Dr Daniel Robinson, Senior Lecturer, Institute of Environmental Studies, The University of New South Wales, Australia. Dr Robinson is also a Research Associate of Natural Justice. Acknowledgements The report was commissioned by the Commonwealth Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (DSEWPaC), funded by the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID), and supported by the GIZ‐implemented multi‐donor ABS Capacity Development Initiative. The author would like to thank Mr Mark Taylor, Mr Ben Phillips and Ms Biddy Adams from DSEWPaC, Dr Andreas Drews from GIZ, Mr Clark Peteru and Mrs Theresa Fruean‐Afa from the South Pacific Regional Environment Program (SPREP), and all the Pacific island country workshop contributors and stakeholders for their contributions. This report was conducted with UNSW Human Research Ethics approval and prior informed consent was obtained from the interviewees cited. Cover photos The photos are of a Raui marine protected area in the Cook Islands. One of the roles of the Koutu Nui is to educate and enforce the respect of Raui areas. 2 Table of Contents: The Nagoya Protocol ......................................................................................................................... 4 Pacific Case Studies .......................................................................................................................... 5 Case 1: The International Cooperative -
ARTICLE in PRESS Aquatic Mammals 2019, 45(3), Xxx-Xxx, DOI 10.1578/AM.45.3.2019.Xxx
ARTICLE IN PRESS Aquatic Mammals 2019, 45(3), xxx-xxx, DOI 10.1578/AM.45.3.2019.xxx Incidence of Odontocetes with Dorsal Fin Collapse in Maui Nui, Hawaii Stephanie H. Stack, Jens J. Currie, Jessica A. McCordic, and Grace L. Olson Pacific Whale Foundation, 300 Ma‘alaea Road, Suite 211, Wailuku, HI 96793, USA E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Introduction We examined the incidence of bent or col- A variety of dorsal fin injuries have been docu- lapsed dorsal fins of eight species of odontocetes mented in several odontocete species worldwide, observed in the nearshore waters of Maui Nui, but laterally bent or collapsed dorsal fins are a rel- Hawaii. Between 1995 and 2017, 1,312 distinc- atively uncommon occurrence (Baird & Gorgone, tive individual odontocetes were photographically 2005; Van Waerebeek et al., 2007; Luksenburg, documented. Our photo-identification catalogs in- 2014). Dorsal fin collapse is rare in wild popu- clude 583 spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris lations of odontocetes, with published rates longirostris), 164 bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops generally less than 1%, if at all present (Baird truncatus), 132 short-finned pilot whales (Glo- & Gorgone, 2005). Exceptions to this are well- bicephala macrorhynchus), 253 pantropical studied populations of killer whales (Orcinus spotted dolphins (Stenella attenuata), 82 false orca) and the main Hawaiian Islands’ popula- killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens), 70 melon- tion of false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens) headed whales (Peponocephala electra), 15 (Visser, 1998; Alves et al., 2017). A recent pub- pygmy killer whales (Feresa attenuata), and 13 lication by Alves et al. (2017) documented 17 rough-toothed dolphins (Steno bredanensis). -
Nai'a Or Spinner Dolphin
Courtesy Cascadia Research. Photo taken under MMPA Scientific Research Permit No. 731 © Dan McSweeney Marine Mammals Nai‘a or Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris SPECIES STATUS: IUCN Red List - Lower Risk/ Conservation Dependent SPECIES INFORMATION: Nai‘a or spinner dolphins (Stenella longirostris) congregate into large groups and swim offshore to depths of 200 to 300 meters (650 to 1,000 feet) to feed on mesopelagic prey that includes squid, fish and shrimp. Although in large groups, they also feed in cooperative pairs or groups of pairs offshore. This foraging begins in late afternoon and continues throughout the night as the “deep scattering layer” moves closer to the surface. Recent research shows that this food source is close to shore early in the night so the spinner dolphins follow them inshore for awhile. During the day, they expend less energy resting or socializing in nearshore, shallow waters such as bays and lagoons surrounded by reef. They also may stay in their nearshore habitat to avoid predators such as sharks and killer whales. The change in group size from daytime activities to nighttime feeding is unique to Hawaii’s spinner dolphins. Although spinner dolphins are able to give birth at any time during the year, they typically show one or more seasonal peaks. Multiple males may mate with one female in short, consecutive intervals. Gestation lasts approximately ten and a half months and lactation occurs for one to two years. The calving interval is approximately three years. Additionally, the spinner dolphin is very notable for its ability to leap high out of the water while also spinning multiple times on its longitudinal axis. -
Marine Mammal Taxonomy
Marine Mammal Taxonomy Kingdom: Animalia (Animals) Phylum: Chordata (Animals with notochords) Subphylum: Vertebrata (Vertebrates) Class: Mammalia (Mammals) Order: Cetacea (Cetaceans) Suborder: Mysticeti (Baleen Whales) Family: Balaenidae (Right Whales) Balaena mysticetus Bowhead whale Eubalaena australis Southern right whale Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic right whale Eubalaena japonica North Pacific right whale Family: Neobalaenidae (Pygmy Right Whale) Caperea marginata Pygmy right whale Family: Eschrichtiidae (Grey Whale) Eschrichtius robustus Grey whale Family: Balaenopteridae (Rorquals) Balaenoptera acutorostrata Minke whale Balaenoptera bonaerensis Arctic Minke whale Balaenoptera borealis Sei whale Balaenoptera edeni Byrde’s whale Balaenoptera musculus Blue whale Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback whale Order: Cetacea (Cetaceans) Suborder: Odontoceti (Toothed Whales) Family: Physeteridae (Sperm Whale) Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Family: Kogiidae (Pygmy and Dwarf Sperm Whales) Kogia breviceps Pygmy sperm whale Kogia sima Dwarf sperm whale DOLPHIN R ESEARCH C ENTER , 58901 Overseas Hwy, Grassy Key, FL 33050 (305) 289 -1121 www.dolphins.org Family: Platanistidae (South Asian River Dolphin) Platanista gangetica gangetica South Asian river dolphin (also known as Ganges and Indus river dolphins) Family: Iniidae (Amazon River Dolphin) Inia geoffrensis Amazon river dolphin (boto) Family: Lipotidae (Chinese River Dolphin) Lipotes vexillifer Chinese river dolphin (baiji) Family: Pontoporiidae (Franciscana) -
Review of Small Cetaceans. Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats
Review of Small Cetaceans Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats by Boris M. Culik Illustrations by Maurizio Wurtz, Artescienza Marine Mammal Action Plan / Regional Seas Reports and Studies no. 177 Published by United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (CMS). Review of Small Cetaceans. Distribution, Behaviour, Migration and Threats. 2004. Compiled for CMS by Boris M. Culik. Illustrations by Maurizio Wurtz, Artescienza. UNEP / CMS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany. 343 pages. Marine Mammal Action Plan / Regional Seas Reports and Studies no. 177 Produced by CMS Secretariat, Bonn, Germany in collaboration with UNEP Coordination team Marco Barbieri, Veronika Lenarz, Laura Meszaros, Hanneke Van Lavieren Editing Rüdiger Strempel Design Karina Waedt The author Boris M. Culik is associate Professor The drawings stem from Prof. Maurizio of Marine Zoology at the Leibnitz Institute of Wurtz, Dept. of Biology at Genova Univer- Marine Sciences at Kiel University (IFM-GEOMAR) sity and illustrator/artist at Artescienza. and works free-lance as a marine biologist. Contact address: Contact address: Prof. Dr. Boris Culik Prof. Maurizio Wurtz F3: Forschung / Fakten / Fantasie Dept. of Biology, Genova University Am Reff 1 Viale Benedetto XV, 5 24226 Heikendorf, Germany 16132 Genova, Italy Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] www.fh3.de www.artescienza.org © 2004 United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) / Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. -
Will Tribal Knowledge Survive the Millennium?
Science -- Cox 287 (5450): 44 Página 1 de 5 Institution: BIBLIOTECA UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA | Sign In as Individual | FAQ | Access Rights | Join AAAS Also see the archival list of the Essays on Science and Summary of this Article Society. dEbates: Submit a response to this article ESSAY ON SCIENCE AND SOCIETY: Published dEbates for this Will Tribal Knowledge Survive the article Millennium? Download to Citation Paul Alan Cox* Manager Alert me when: new articles cite this Paul Alan Cox is the article Director of the National Tropical Botanical Search for similar articles Garden in Hawaii and in: Florida and the King Science Online Carl XVI Professor at PubMed the Swedish Search Medline for articles Biodiversity Center. He by: shared the Goldman Cox, P. A. Environmental Prize for Search for citing articles conservation work in: related in his book ISI Web of Science (11) Nafanua: Saving the HighWire Press Journals Samoan Rain Forest (Freeman, New York, 1999). This article appears in the following Subject CREDIT: ALLAN BURCH Collections: Essays As we begin a new millennium and contemplate how our current understandings might be evaluated in 1000 years, it may be useful to look backward. What pieces of knowledge do we treasure that come from 1000 years ago? Accounts from the end of the last millennium herald innovations like the metal plow but were imbued with folk knowledge from an era when trolls, fairies, and personifications of the elements, such as Jack Frost, were thought to play important roles in determining the course of human life. A bit broader glance at the past might unearth the mathematical work of Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci who introduced Western culture to the concept of zero, a decimal positional system of numerals far different from the Roman numerals then in use, and the beginnings of linear algebra. -
Greater Pemba Channel IMMA Description the Pemba Channel Is Located in Northern Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean
Greater Pemba Channel IMMA Description The Pemba Channel is located in northern Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean. The channel has steep drop offs in bathymetry and a rapid north flowing current that appears to provide excellent conditions for cetaceans. An assessment of cetaceans along the entire 800km coast of Tanzania showed the Pemba Channel had by far the highest indices of Area Size cetacean diversity and relative abundance in the 2 6,647 km country (Braulik et al. 2017a). Subsequently intensive surveys in the Pemba Channel have Qualifying Species and Criteria confirmed this high diversity; currently 13 cetacean Indo-pacific bottlenose dolphin species are recorded in the cIMMA, however survey Tursiops aduncus effort has been limited and this total is likely to rise Criterion B1 (Braulik et al. 2017b). Many oceanic species have been recorded in the Channel often within sight of Indian Ocean humpback dolphin Sousa plumbea land, including Blainville's beaked whale, Dwarf Criterion A; B1 sperm whale, False killer whale, Short-finned pilot whale, Risso’s dolphin and Fraser’s dolphin. Spinner Marine Mammal Diversity dolphins are extremely common in waters of the Criterion D2 upper shelf, and sometimes occur in groups of over 800 individuals. Other species recorded include Delphinus delphis tropicalis, Globicephala Humpback whales, Pan-tropical spotted dolphin, macrocephalus, Grampus griseus, Kogia breviceps, Common bottlenose dolphin, Indo-pacific Lagenodelphis hosei, Megaptera novaeangliae, bottlenose dolphin and Indian Ocean humpback Mesoplodon densirostris, Pseudorca crassidens, dolphin. Sousa plumbea, Stenella attenuata, Stenella longirostris, Tursiops aduncus, Tursiops truncatus Pemba Island is surrounded by deep water, and Summary there are small, likely resident populations of Indo- pacific bottlenose dolphin and Indian Ocean The Pemba Channel is located in northern humpback dolphins that occur in the shallow Tanzania in the Western Indian Ocean. -
Cetaceans of the Red Sea - CMS Technical Series Publication No
UNEP / CMS Secretariat UN Campus Platz der Vereinten Nationen 1 D-53113 Bonn Germany Tel: (+49) 228 815 24 01 / 02 Fax: (+49) 228 815 24 49 E-mail: [email protected] www.cms.int CETACEANS OF THE RED SEA Cetaceans of the Red Sea - CMS Technical Series Publication No. 33 No. Publication Series Technical Sea - CMS Cetaceans of the Red CMS Technical Series Publication No. 33 UNEP promotes N environmentally sound practices globally and in its own activities. This publication is printed on FSC paper, that is W produced using environmentally friendly practices and is FSC certified. Our distribution policy aims to reduce UNEP‘s carbon footprint. E | Cetaceans of the Red Sea - CMS Technical Series No. 33 MF Cetaceans of the Red Sea - CMS Technical Series No. 33 | 1 Published by the Secretariat of the Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals Recommended citation: Notarbartolo di Sciara G., Kerem D., Smeenk C., Rudolph P., Cesario A., Costa M., Elasar M., Feingold D., Fumagalli M., Goffman O., Hadar N., Mebrathu Y.T., Scheinin A. 2017. Cetaceans of the Red Sea. CMS Technical Series 33, 86 p. Prepared by: UNEP/CMS Secretariat Editors: Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara*, Dan Kerem, Peter Rudolph & Chris Smeenk Authors: Amina Cesario1, Marina Costa1, Mia Elasar2, Daphna Feingold2, Maddalena Fumagalli1, 3 Oz Goffman2, 4, Nir Hadar2, Dan Kerem2, 4, Yohannes T. Mebrahtu5, Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara1, Peter Rudolph6, Aviad Scheinin2, 7, Chris Smeenk8 1 Tethys Research Institute, Viale G.B. Gadio 2, 20121 Milano, Italy 2 Israel Marine Mammal Research and Assistance Center (IMMRAC), Mt.