DOCSLIB.ORG

A Taphonomic Treatment of Thule Zooarchaeological Ma Terials from Diana Bay, Nunavik (Arctic Quebec)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Taphonomic Treatment of Thule Zooarchaeological Ma Terials from Diana Bay, Nunavik (Arctic Quebec) A TAPHONOMIC TREATMENT OF THULE ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL MA TERIALS FROM DIANA BAY, NUNAVIK (ARCTIC QUEBEC) by Susan E. Lofthouse Department of Anthropology McGill University, Montréal A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts October 2003 © Susan Lofthouse 2003 Library and Bibliothèque et 1+1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l'édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 0-612-98463-X Our file Notre référence ISBN: 0-612-98463-X NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l'Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans loan, distribute and sell th es es le monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, électronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriété du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. reproduced without the author's permission. ln compliance with the Canadian Conformément à la loi canadienne Privacy Act some supporting sur la protection de la vie privée, forms may have been removed quelques formulaires secondaires from this thesis. ont été enlevés de cette thèse. While these forms may be included Bien que ces formulaires in the document page count, aient inclus dans la pagination, their removal does not represent il n'y aura aucun contenu manquant. any loss of content from the thesis. ••• Canada Abstract This thesis presents a taphonomic analysis of a zooarchaeological assemblage excavated from HEI-lO, a Thule site located near modern Quaqtaq in Nunavik. Little is known of the Thule occupation of Nunavik, and even less concerning Thule subsistence activities here. As a result, this is one of the first detailed zooarchaeological analyses performed on Thule archaeofaunas from the Ungava region. Because of the poor preservation that characterized the assemblage, a taphonomic study was undertaken in order to determine the "representativeness" of the faunal remains. Food utility indices are compared to bone density indices, in order to establish the effects of density-mediated attrition upon the faunal remains. A moderate correlation was found between bone density and the identified animal bones. This indicated that, while density-mediated attrition had altered the zooarchaeological assemblage, bone density alone did not provide a sufficient explanation for the observed element distributions. Other taphonomic agents, su ch as those related to the degree of butchering and the potential effects of cryoturbation upon remains, also need to be taken into consideration. Resumé Cette thèse présente l'analyse taphonomique d'un assemblage zoo archéologique de la fouille du site HEI-lO près de Quaqtaq à Nunavik. L'occupation Thule au Nunavik est très mal connue, et le mode de vie Thule en Nunavik est encore moins bien connu. Le présent travail est l'une des premières analyses zooarchéologiques detaillées éffectuées sur l'archéofaune Thule de la region d'Ungava. À cause de la piètre préservation qui charactérise l'assemblage, une étude taphonomique a été entreprise pour déterminer ce que les ossements fauniques représentent. Les indices d'utilité alimentaire sont comparés aux indices de la densité des ossements, dans le but de déterminer les effets sur l'assemblage de l'attrition modifiée selon la densité des restes. Une corrélation spatiale modérée a pu être établie entre la densité des ossements et la proportion d'ossements identifiés. Ceci indique que, même si l'attrition modifiée selon la densité a changé l'assemblage archéologique, la densité des ossements ne suffit pas à elle seule à expliquer les elements de distribution observés. D'autres agents taphonomiques, comme par example ceux reliés au degré de dépeçage et des effets potentiels de cryoturbation sur les ossements, doivent aussi être considérés. Il Acknowledgements Thanks go first and foremost to the community of Quaqtaq for permitting our archaeological investigations on lllutalialuk, and particularly to the members of the 2002 field crew. David Oovaut, Johnny Okpik and Susie Jararusie made sure our bellies were always full. Thanks also to aIl of the students for their hard work: Jeannie Arnatuk, Susie Arnatuk, Jobie Aupaluk, Monica Ezekiel, Billie Keleutak, Stevie Pagé, Putulik Puttayuk, Susana Puttayuk, Pierre St.-Cyr, Aita Tukkiapik and Lisa Tukkiapik. Thank you to A vataq Cultural Institute for organizing the 2002 field season and allowing me to be involved. Special thanks go to the Community-University Research Alliance Project for funding the fieldwork, and providing financial support during my M.A. degree in the form of a research assistantship. Aiso to the Northern Scientific Training Pro gram for helping to finance the field season. I am grateful to aIl of the individuals involved in CURA who made this project enjoyable. Thanks to Claude Pinard for his help both in and out of the field in obtaining information relevant to my research, and also for supplying access to the 1974 artifact and faunal assemblage. Thank you to Amélie Langlais and Louis Gilbert for their help and company in the field. And more thanks than words permit to John Beaten and Christine Iorio for their hard work, perseverance and camaraderie - but most of aIl for the laughs. Thank you very much to my supervisor, James SaveIle, for generously inviting me to participate in this project, and for his invaluable advice and patience. Thanks also to the other committee members: George Wenzel, for the knowledge and beer dispensed at the Talk Norths, and Michael Bisson for his helpful advice. Finally, last but definitely not least, thank you very much to Max Friesen for fostering my initial interest in Arctic Archaeology, and permitting me access to the collections of the University of Toronto's Howard Savage Faunal Archaeo-Osteology Laboratory. 111 Dedication: This is for my grandmothers - Frieda and Margaret. iv Table of Contents Abstract. ............................................................................................... ii Acknow ledgements ................................................................................. .iii Dedication ............................................................................................ .iv Table of Contents ..................................................................................... v List of Tables ........................................................................................vii List of Figures ....................................................................................... viii Chapter 1: Introduction .............................................................................. 1 Chapter 2: A Historical Review of Studies on Formation Processes ........................... 5 Early treatments of formation processes ......................................... 5 Behavioural archaeology ...........................................................7 Middle-range theory ............................................................... 11 Soil disturbance processes ........................................................ 14 Formation processes in Arctic contexts ......................................... 16 Chapter 3: Approaches to Taphonomic Analysis ................................................ 24 A historical review of taphonomic studies ..................................... 24 Food utility indices ................................................................ 30 Bone density indices ............................................................... 33 Chapter 4: Neoeskimos in Labrador-Ungava ................................................... .35 Geography .......................................................................... 35 Nunavik prehistory ................................................................ 36 Early description of Labrador-Ungava Inuit. .................................. 39 Archaeological investigations .................................................. .43 West coast Hudson Bay ................................................. .43 Hudson Strait ..............................................................44 West coast Ungava Bay ................................................. .49 Ungava interior. ...........................................................49 East coast Ungava Bay ...................................................50 Labrador ................................................................... 50 Ethnographic information ........................................................ 51 Labrador-Ungava ......................................................... 51 Tuvaaluk ...................................................................54 Chapter
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Geoplanspring 2011
    SPRING 2011 GEOPLAN DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY & PROGRAM IN PLANNING AND THE UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO ASSOCIATION OF GEOGRAPHY ALUMNI (UTAGA) Celebrating our 75th Anniversary he Department of Geography at the University of Toronto was founded in 1935 and the academic year 2010-11 was therefore our 75th anniversary. We had an excellent celebration, packed Twith events. It started early in September with a display at Robarts Library of more than 100 books authored by geography faculty and alumni. The display was seen by thousands of visitors to the library between September and October. We also put on a special departmen- tal speakers series with the theme of “Intersections” between human and physical geography and between geographers and the community. Twenty-two guest speakers participated and we held special panel sessions on the Tar Sands, Climate Change, the Aboriginal City, and Women and Factory Work in China. The biggest event of the year was a full weekend of activities in mid-September. The weekend began early on Thursday, September 16th, when the Planning Alumni Committee hosted its first Fall Plan- ning Mixer at the Duke of York, in honour of Geography’s 75th. On Friday afternoon, renowned climate change scholar Professor Diana Liverman (MA ‘80) from the University of Arizona gave a public lecture on “Governing Climate”. This was followed by an opening reception and book launch for Reflections on the History of Geography at the University of Toronto. On Saturday, there was a faculty panel ses- sion in the morning on the history of the department and a workshop exploring mapping on the web.
    [Show full text]
  • GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1972 Chapter B
    GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESEARCH 1972 Chapter B GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 800-8 Scientific notes and summaries of investigations in geology, hydrology, and related fields UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1972 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Qovernment Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 - Price $2.26 CONTENTS GEOLOGIC STUDIES Marine geology Page Structural features of the continental margin, northeastern Gulf of Mexico, by R. G. Martin, Jr. Marine geology of Yakutat Bay, Alaska, by F. F. Wright . Paleontology and stratigraphy Leiosphaeridio (Acritarcha) in the Mesozoic oil shales of northern Alaska, by R. F. Boneham and I. L. Tailleur . Quartzsand-bearing zone and Early Silurian age of upper part of the Hanson Creek Formation in Eureka County, Nev., by T. E. MullensandF.G.Poole ................................................................................... Trend-surface analysis of the thickness of the High Bridge Group (Middle Ordovician) of central Kentucky and its bearing on the nature of the post-Knox unconformity, by D. E. Wolcott, E. R. Cressman, and J. J. Connor . Glacial geology The Ingraham esker, Chazy, N.Y ., by C. S. Denny . Economic geology High-purity veins of soda-niter, NaN03, and associated saline minerals in the Chilean nitrate deposits, by G. E. Ericksen and M. E. Mrose ................................................................................................. Thorium distribution in a ganite stock near Bull Canyon, Lemhi County, Idaho, by M. H. Staatz, C. M. Bunker, and C. A. Bush . White clay deposits of Centre, Blair, Huntingdon, and Bedford Counties, Pa., by J. W. Hosterman . Reconnaissance geology and mineral potential of Thomas, Keg, and Desert calderas, central Juab County, Utah, by D.
    [Show full text]
  • Von: [email protected] Gesendet: Freitag, 04
    Von: [email protected] Gesendet: Freitag, 04. Jänner 2008 18:59 An: [email protected] Betreff: [425ENG] 425 DX News #870 > > > 425 DX NEWS < < < 425 DX News is available in the following languages: English * Italian * Japanese * Portuguese * Russian * Spanish _____________________________________________________________________________ 5 January 2008 A.R.I. DX Bulletin No 870 =========================== *** 4 2 5 D X N E W S *** **** DX INFORMATION **** =========================== Edited by IK1ADH & I1JQJ Direttore Responsabile I2VGW 3A - Ghis, ON5NT will be active as 3A/ON5NT from Monaco on 23-27 January. He plans to operate mainly during his morning and evening hours. [TNX F6AJA and Les Nouvelles DX] 3Y0 - Petrus, 3Y0E made a couple of contacts with ZS and PY stations on 30 December. He is trying a new strategy to get Bouvet into pileups: until further notice 3Y0E will call CQ on 14200 kHz between 16 and 17.30 UTC. Petrus will work simplex until he gets more acquainted with the radio equipment. Please check http://3y0e.com/ for updates. 6W - Jacques, F6HMJ will be active as 6W/F6HMJ from Senegal on 8-29 January. [TNX f6AJA and Les Nouvelles DX] 9A - Special event station 9A35RKP will be active during 2008 to celebrate the 35th anniversary of Croatian radio club "Pazin". QSL via 9A7P. DL - Special station DR8M will be active until 31 December to celebrate the 850th anniversary of the city of Munich. Information on the relevant award can be found at http://www.darc.de/distrikte/c/PDF/Diplom_Beding.htm [TNX DL8FA] FJ - Yuichi, JR2KDN and Paul, F6EXV will be active from the newest DXCC Entity, Saint-Barthelemy (NA-146) on 6-20 January.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tuvaaluk and Torngat Archaeological Projects: Review and Assessment Les Projets Archéologiques Tuvaaluk Et Torngat: Description Et Bilan William W
    Document généré le 29 sept. 2021 08:59 Études/Inuit/Studies The Tuvaaluk and Torngat archaeological projects: Review and assessment Les projets archéologiques Tuvaaluk et Torngat: description et bilan William W. Fitzhugh Archéologie du Nunavik et du Labrador : hommage à Patrick Plumet Résumé de l'article Archeology of Nunavik and Labrador: Tribute to Patrick Plumet À la fin des années 1970, deux grands programmes multidisciplinaires devant Volume 39, numéro 2, 2015 durer plusieurs années ont été lancés le long des côtes du nord du Labrador et de l’Ungava au nord du Québec. Tous deux envisageaient un nouveau modèle URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1038142ar d’archéologie arctique alliant l’archéologie, l’ethnographie, les études DOI : https://doi.org/10.7202/1038142ar environnementales, les sciences de la Terre et l’informatique. Le programme de recherche Tuvaaluk était dirigé par Patrick Plumet de l’Université du Québec à Montréal, et le projet archéologique Torngat, par William Fitzhugh de Aller au sommaire du numéro la Smithsonian Institution et Richard Jordan du Bryn Mawr College. Ces projets ont duré approximativement cinq ans et ont rassemblé des chercheurs et des étudiants de plusieurs institutions. Le projet Tuvaaluk se concentrait sur les Éditeur(s) cultures thuléennes et paléoesquimaudes, tandis que le projet archéologique Torngat incluait des recherches sur les cultures amérindiennes de l’Archaïque Centre interuniversitaire d’études et de recherches autochtones (CIÉRA) maritime et celles qui ont suivi, en plus des cultures paléoesquimaudes et inuit. Cet article passe en revue les projets Tuvaaluk et Torngat, et compare leurs ISSN objectifs, leurs méthodes, leurs résultats, les leçons qui en ont été tirées et 0701-1008 (imprimé) l’influence qu’ils ont eue.
    [Show full text]
  • 2012-13 Canada and the North
    2012-13 Canada and the North Eagle-Eye Tours Eagle-Eye 4711 Galena St., Windermere, British Columbia, Canada V0B 2L2 1-800-373-5678 | www.Eagle-Eye.com | [email protected] ToursTravel with Vision Cover photo © Michelle Valberg Dear Adventurers, As the summer season approaches our excitement is palpable – Arctic travel is upon us. For the past seven years we have known the delights of the northern landscape by ship: wide open spaces, magnificent vistas, northern lights, warm smiles, towering peaks, abundant birds, wild and powerful animals and the many blues of an iceberg. With a renowned commitment to education, conservation and cultural immersion, these voyages have a well deserved reputation as exceptional travel experiences – a reputation that we are proud of and continue to build on. TheDiscovery Voyage Series has revolutionized the travel experience to Canada’s distant coastlines, home to some of Canada’s best scenery and hiking. Many small and inviting communities have only remote access. We offer fully escorted, all-inclusive, thoughtful, high quality experiences for a congenial group of travellers. Whether travelling by ship or on land we aim to create a capacity for understanding and dialog and the many joys derived from new truths and shared experiences. We do this by visiting extraordinary places and working with a resource team of outstanding experts, locals and academics that bring to the table a breadth of knowledge, experience, humour and passion. Our vessel, the Clipper Adventurer, allows us to explore these remote areas in style and comfort. With sixty well appointed outside cabins, two lounges, a library, state of the art stabilizers, clinical and massage services, a fleet of Zodiacs and ample deck space she is the perfect platform for expeditionary travel.
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic Vol, 40, No, 4 (December 1987) P
    ARCTIC VOL, 40, NO, 4 (DECEMBER 1987) P. 321-345 Forty Years of Arctic: The Journal of the Arctic Institute of North America ROMAN HARRISON’ and GORDON HODGSON’ (Received 6 August 1987; accepted in revised form 28August 1987) ABSTRACT. When the ArcticInstitute of North America was established in 1945as a membership institution, it was understood that the membership expected the Instituteto publish a journal. It appearedfor the first time in 1948, as Arctic, The Journal ofthedrcticlnstitute ofNorth America,and has been published continuouslyfor 40 years since then. It is now a leading academic journal publishing research papersfrom a variety of disciplines on a wide range ofsubjects dealing with theArctic. Over the 40 years it published40 volumes comprising123 1 research papers andother related material. The present study reports a content analysis of the 1231 papers revealing that trends over the last 40 years of research in the North were guided by the economic and academic pressuresof the dayfor northern research. The bulk of the papers in the 40 years involved three major areas: biologicalsciences, earth sciences and socialsciences. The proportion of research papers earthin sciences showed a decline, accompanied by a strong growth in biological science papers anda modest growth in social sciencepapers. Over the 40 years, subjects sited in the Canadian Arctic alwaysdominated, with a steady growth from 23% of thetotal papers per volume to 42%. In particular, significant increases in the numbers of papers in the last10 years came from resource-related work in the North, as well as from political, educational, cultural and sovereignty-relatedresearch. Research in the North leading to publication inArctic was conducted largelyby biologists andearth scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • Schedule of Indian Reserves and Settlements
    Schedule of Indian Reserves and Settlements Schedule of Indian Reserves and Settlements Preface 1. This schedule contains lists of Indian Reserves and Settlements in Canada by Provinces and lists of Indian Bands by Regions taken from information filed with the Indian Land Registry as of June 1, 1972. 2. Indian Settlements are shown in the "Reserve" columns of Parts 1 and 2. These are not Indian Reserves within the meaning of the Indian Act and occupation of settlements is not restricted to a particular Band. 3. Part 1 of the schedule lists Indian Reserves and Settlements alphabetically by Provinces. Settlements follow after the alphabetical list of Reserves for each Province. This section also states the names of the Indian Bands for whose use and benefit the Reserves have been set apart, the approximate geographical location and the approximate acreage of each Reserve. 4. Map designations are given in the location description. The N.T.S. abbreviation means the "National Topographical Systems" of maps covering the Reserves and adjacent land. Maps can be obtained by writing to the Map Distribution Office, Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa, Ontario. When ordering maps the complete N.T.S. designations must be quoted. To assist in locating Reserve location, approximate degrees and minutes latitude and longitude have been given. 5. Acreage includes all lands in which the Band has a recorded interest. Acreages are shown as APPROXIMATE because in most cases they are based on old data which have not yet been verified. Research and surveys to establish accurate acreage are being carried out and the acreage shown may be changed in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Conditions and Capitals of Indigenous Participation in Canadian Commercial Archaeology
    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 12-8-2016 12:00 AM Accounts of Engagement: Conditions and Capitals of Indigenous Participation in Canadian Commercial Archaeology Joshua Dent The University of Western Ontario Supervisor Neal Ferris The University of Western Ontario Graduate Program in Anthropology A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the degree in Doctor of Philosophy © Joshua Dent 2016 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Dent, Joshua, "Accounts of Engagement: Conditions and Capitals of Indigenous Participation in Canadian Commercial Archaeology" (2016). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 4287. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/4287 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. i Abstract Indigenous engagement in Canadian archaeology encompasses jurisdictional variances, microcosmic colonial/resistance implications and the promise of mutually-beneficial heritage management practices. Drawing from literature commentary, primary document review, surveys and interviews, this dissertation explores consistency and uniqueness in the relationship between commercial archaeology and Indigenous peoples in Canada. Four Conditions of engagement and four Capital properties of engagement emerge and are theorized as constituting a framework capable of considering the diversity of engagement practice in Canada. Conditions include: Regulation, Capacity (Developer and Community) and Relationships. The regulatory heritage regimes governing engagement are considered across provincial/territorial boundaries together with a host of legislation, policy documents, treaty settlements, and other State/Indigenous agreements.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Vessels and Low Impact Shipping Corridors in Arctic Canada
    Tourism Vessels and Low Impact Shipping Corridors in Arctic Canada Photo Credit: Dr. Luke Copland Photo credits: Emma Stewart Trends, Risks, Community Perspectives and Management Strategies Dr. Jackie Dawson, Dr. Natalie A. Carter, Dr. Nicolien van Luijk, Dr. Alison Cook, Melissa Weber, Andrew Orawiec, Dr. Emma J. Stewart, and Dr. Jean Holloway Recommended Citation Dawson, J., Carter, N.A., van Luijk, N., Cook, A., Weber, M., Orawiec, A., Stewart, E.J., and Holloway, J.E. (2021). Tourism vessels and low impact shipping corridors in Arctic Canada: trends, risks, community perspectives, and management strategies. Ottawa: University of Ottawa. DOI: 10.20381/d3dd-yk49. Acknowledgements This white paper was researched and written by Jackie Dawson (PhD), Natalie Carter (PhD), Nicolien van Luijk (PhD), Alison Cook (PhD), Melissa Weber (PhD Candidate), Andrew Orawiec (PhD Candidate), and Jean Holloway (PhD) of the Environment, Society and Policy Group (www.espg.ca) in the Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics at University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada and Emma J. Stewart (PhD) in the Department of Tourism, Sport and Society at Lincoln University, Christchurch, New Zealand. This white paper is a product of a larger study titled: ‘Arctic Corridors and Northern Voices’ (see www.arcticcorridors.ca). This white paper was funded by The Pew Charitable Trusts while the larger study was supported through funding from the Canada Research Chairs Program, ArcticNet, Clear Seas, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Irving Shipbuilding Inc., MEOPAR, Northern Scientific Training Program, Nunavut Arctic College, Nunavut General Monitoring Program (NGMP), Nunavut Research Institute, Oceans North, The Pew Charitable Trusts, Students for Canada’s North, the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) of Canada, and WWF-Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Eetcatalogue2013 Final.Indd
    2013 Travel Schedule (DJOH(\H 7RXUV7RXUV 7UDYHOZLWK9LVLRQ About Eagle-Eye Tours ;6<9:)@9,.065 With over 15 years of leading, we offer great New and returning tours 569;/(4,90*( experiences worldwide, exceptional leaders, Ghana: great West African birding. small groups, carbon-neutral travel, and Arctic Voyages 10 Bhutan: marvelous magical country with fabulous birding. support for conservation from every tour. Baffin Island Floe Edge: Cambodia & South Vietnam: rich diverse birdlife, Narwhals & Polar Bears 2 Your next great adventure lies just ahead, whether many endemics, spectacular ruins! around the next bend in the trail or beyond the next British Columbia 4 Taiwan: the “Beautiful Island”, iceberg. Join us for something extraordinary! surprisingly birdy with lots of endemics. Colorado Grouse & Utah Canyons 7 Visit us online China’s Sichuan: the very best of China! Greenland & Labrador 11 For the latest updates on tour offerings and Borneo: Bristleheads and Orang-utans Hawaii Three Islands 5 prices, itineraries, maps and more, look no further and a plethora of exotic wildlife! High Arctic & Northwest Territories 10 than our website (www.eagle-eye.com). Baffin Island Floe Edge: Narwhal, Polar Bears Manitoba Owls 3 and exceptional arctic birds. Tranquillo tours T Newfoundland Circumnavigation 11 Are you looking for tours that offer great birding while Support for conservation BSC ABC Newfoundland’s Avalon Peninsula 6 minimizing how often you change locations? Our We are making an extra effort on several of our tours to New Brunswick & Grand Manan 6 Tranquillo tours are a perfect choice. We have designed support conservation organizations and bird reserves. We Point Pelee, Algonquin Park each tour to stay at only one or two great locations.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of the United States Forest Service in Alaska / by Lawrence Rakestraw
    A History of The United States Forest Service In Alaska By Lawrence Rakestraw A cooperative publication of the Alaska Historical Commission, Department of Education, State of Alaska; and the Alaska Region, United States Forest Service, Department of Agriculture; with the assis tance of the Alaska Historical Society. 2002 Reprint by the USDA Forest Service Reprinted with permission from Mary Rakestraw, July 2002 Cover photo: Ranger 10 at Old Kasaan village in 1941; a killer whale totem is in the foreground (Courtesy of U.S. Forest Service). Book design by Gay Pulley Reprinted by the USDA Forest Service 1994, 2002 Copyright 1981 by Lawrence Rakestraw Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information retrieval system without permission in writing of the author, except for short excerpts in reviews or scholarly works. Rakestraw, Lawrence A history of the United States Forest Service in Alaska / by Lawrence Rakestraw. 1. United States. Forest Service. Alaska Region —History. 2. Forests and forestry —Alaska—History. I. Title. SD565.R24 81-620020 Contents Page Foreword v Acknowledgements vii Introduction 1 Chapter 1 - The Forests of Alaska: From Prehistory to Creation of the Afognak Reserve 3 Chapter 2 - The Alexander Archipelago and Tongass National Forests through 1910 11 Chapter 3 - The Chugach National Forest through 1910 33 Chapter 4 - The Weigle Administration, 1911-1923 55 Chapter 5 - Team Management: Flory, Heintzleman, Merritt, 1919-1937 83 Chapter 6 - The Heintzleman Administration, 1937-1953 117 Chapter 7 - The Greeley, Hanson and Johnson Administrations 1953-1970 135 Chapter 8 -Epilogue: 1971-1979 155 Sources 179 Footnotes 183 Index 211 Maps I.
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Survey of Canada Radiocarbon Dates Xix
    GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA COMMISSION GEOLOGIQUE DU CANADA PAPER 79-7 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA RADIOCARBON DATES XIX J.A. LOWDON W. BLAKE, JR. Energy, Mines and Energie, Mines et 1+ Resources Canada Ressources Canada 1979 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PAPER 79-7 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA RADIOCARBON DATES XIX J.A. LOWDON W. BLAKE, JR. 1979 © Minist er of Supply and Services Canada 1979 Ava il able in Canada through author ized bookstore agents a nd other bookstores or by mai l fro m Canad ian Government Publishing Centre Supply and Services Canada Hull, Quebec, Canada K 1:\ OS9 and from GeoJogica l Survey of C":anarla 601 Booth St rf>et Ottawa, Canada K I A OE 8 f\ deposit copy of t his publiration is also avaiJ abJe for reference in public Ji brcl r ies across Cana da Cat. No. M44-79/7E Canada: $4.00 ISB N - 0-660- 1061 8-'3 Othe r rountr ies: $4.80 Price subject to c:hange without not ire Q,'iginal manuscript .<ubm itted: 1979 - 12 - 13 '\pproved for publication: 1980 - 01 - 28 CONTENTS 1 Abstract/Resume 1 Introduction 3 Acknow ledgments 3 Geological samples 3 Mid-Atlantic Ridge 3 Labrador Sea 4 Eastern Canada 4 Newfoundland 4 Labrador 4 Nova Scot ia 5 New Brunswick 5 Quebec 12 Ontario 14 Western Canada 14 Manitoba 16 Alberta 20 British Columbia 28 Northern Canada, Mainland and Offshore Islands 28 Yukon Territory 32 Northwest Territories 37 Northern Canada, Arctic Archipelago 37 Baffin Island 39 Somerset Island 41 Russell Island 41 Lowther Island 41 Bathurst Island 41 Cornwallis Island 42 Coburg Island 42 Ellesmere Island 46 Melville Island/Byam Channel 48 United States of America 48 Maine 49 New York 49 Wisconsin 49 Alaska 50 Archeological samples 50 Northern Canada, Mainland and Offshore Islands 50 Yukon Territory 51 References 58 Index Tables 1.
    [Show full text]