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1895 The orN mal Offering, Vol. 18, No. 4, Dec. 1895 Bridgewater State Normal School

Recommended Citation Bridgewater State Normal School (1895). The Normal Offering, Vol. 18, No. 4, Dec. 1895. Retrieved from http://vc.bridgew.edu/ normal_off/49

This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. ARCHIVES ~~:t IiRI:)GEWATER STATE COLLEGE "d:f:EWATf.R, MASSACHUSETTS 02324 , ';:::::::=: BOSTON AND eH IGAGO

Dnring the school year lYe are constant­ ly rl'ceiving calls for grade teachers. 'Ye are fl'equently unable to recommend snch candidatcs as are wanted. One Fee Registers in Both Officrs. Bend for Agenry ~fanual. I/O Tremont Street, Boston. 169 Wabash Avenue, Chicago. Vol. XVIII. State Normal School, Bridgewater, Mass., December 1895. No.4. fI1HE OFFElUNG extends the best wisheF of the season to all its readers. After the bustle and animation attendant upon a of the year, a retul'll the Lyceum of the good time at this season Published Monthly During the School Year, by appreciated Bridgewater Stale Normal Scbool. to our regular life at school will be by all. EDITORIAL BOARD. ., . E. BURKE. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF ROBERT N NOVEMBER,16, 1895 died in Boston ASSISTANT EDITORS. a man, the product of whose genius has General Assistant, BRENELLE HUNT. Obecome the lo.e and pride ofa whole nation. MABEL A. CONNOR. MABEL D. ROBINSON. Rev. Samuel Francis Smith was born in Bos­ Latin Business Manager, CLAUDE L. WEST. ton in 1808, gradunted from the Boston College, and fitted for the Assistant Business Manager, CHARLES SAMPSON. School and Harvard ministry at Andoler. It was at the last named Te-nns: 75 cents per year, payable in A.d"ance. place, in 1832, that he wrote the hymn which S"'nyle col,ies LO cents. made him famous, amI which is now sung in [Entered at the Post Office as second class mail matter.] every school in the land. Aside from being a BRII;)GEWATE~, JI'If'rSS. PRESS OF WlbblAJI'I Iil. B~ADFORI;), distinguished theologian Dr. Smith was a great linguist being conversant with at least fifteen ~ontent5. languages. The numerous eulogies of his ehar­ acter are but so many tributes to the memory EDITORIALS, Page 41 at one loved by all. THE FUNJ\'Y Boy, " 42 , THE WOOING OF ILFELIKIS, " 43 . . OUR FLAG, " 45 HE inflammatory speeches and articles of THE EFFECT OF Too MANY BOOKS, " 46 some of our legislators and newspapers FROM O~TE POINT OF VIEW, " 46 T throughout the cuuntry are just at present "NATURE DISPLAYED, " " 48 attracting considerable attention, but at the EXCHAJ.~GES, " 50 same time, we doubt very much if the spirit DEPARTMENTS: shown in these is shared by any considerable GEOGRAPHY, " 51 people. The political efforts of ., 51 portion of the ZOOLOGY, the" jingo" statesmen in the lower house are MINERALOGY, " 51 too apparent in their purpose to deserve any LOCALS, " 51 attention. While the intention of the Presi­ PERSONALS, " 52 dent may have been of the best, still, in view of the coming election in 18%, we cannot help All subscribers who have not paid their sub­ imputing certain personal motives to his action of scriptinns will find a bhte mw'7c here () and on the Venezuelan questioIl. The tendency people is are requested to ?'emit the amount of t!lei?' indebt­ the great mass of the American action, and the slow delibe- edness to the Business Manag!!?', within ten days. towa-rds impulsive 42 NOR~lJfAL OFFERING.

ration of our cooler-hcadcd citizens IS essential THE FUNNY BOY. in affairs like the prcsent one. • •• 111HE American boy has been the subject of l\1R. HUGH CHISHOLM, writing for thc 1 many magazine articles, many a teacher's Jill Fortnightly Review, leaves some valuable thought, and muny ~m anxions parent's thoughts on the class oflitcrature known as solicitudc. Probably nothing wonderfully new the "Penny Dreadful" or "Yellow Backs." will be developed fi'om a reconsideration of this Hc says: "The best way to countcract the threadbare subject. That he is not what he 'penny dreadful' is to provide an equally at­ shouhl be is conceded by his friends; that he tractive substitute, and thc teachers mio-ht do a lacks the good behavior of the boys of the pre­ great deal by seeing that the young folk should ceding generation is alleged by his grandfather; have access to a good supply of healthy fiction. and that the country ",,-ill go to the dogs" "Ther~. are, s.urely, ways too of supplying two or three generations hellee is the positive the multItude wIth good fiction as cheaply as conclusion of middle aged people who have no with bad. vVhcn the schoolboy can O'et the boys of their own. 'Prisoner of Zenda' for a penny hc ,~ill not 'What ails the boy, anyway? "Vht is his be obliged to buy the only thing that modest environment? ,Yhat is to be done for him? sum will now procure in the market, some To the first query we can sCllrcely say, choice morsel like 'Sweeny Todd' or 'Jem "I-Ie's all right!" To the second some obser­ Bludsoe.' Some day, when, as Sir 'Yalter vation may be noted; while to the third we Besant has told us, readers will be counted by modestly allow some one else to answer. tens of millions, the authors and publishers will ,Yhen three or folll' years oid yOll call at the have no business to sell their wares at the home of his parents. He is very quiet for five prices still current. Popular authors of or ten minutes,-he's taking your latitude lind ephemeral fiction now make a great deal more longitude. After "sizing you up" he begins money than their labors are really worth, com­ to crave attention. He makes short exeul' ions pared with the equal or greater efforts of workers from his mother's side, coming back witha, and artists in other lines. But when the in­ bang and a look at you over his shoulder. evitable reaction comes they will be O'lad to His mother has glanced from you to him reduce their prices and make their pr~fit by several times rather anxiously. Yon suspect means of an enormous cheap circulation. she wishes you to give him some attention. Besides, as copyrights run out, the dead hand Just then he £ndlS your hat and puts it on. will compete with the living, and the enormous His mother remonstrates. This is your op­ mass of readable fiction published in the last portunity, and you quieldy say, "Oh, ne,-er fifty years will of necessity brina' the new auth- mind, he won't hurt it," congratulating yoursclf . ~ 01'8 u:to pr?per perspective. With Penny Popu- that you have pleasf'd the mother and child at larshke DlCkens,Thaekenly,Scott,the two King­ 011e stroke. She doesn't wish to be rude to sleys, Marryat, 'Whyte, :l\Iclville, Lytton, G. you, so she allows him to keep the hat. He P. R. James, Wilkie Collins, Grant (how I shows his appreciation of your kindness by loved the 'Romance of war' when I was a school­ taking it off and puttinO' it on sidewise, drawino- v '" '" boy l) , and all the rest ofthem inc1udin 0- Steven­ down the corners and bulging out the sides. son, Rider Haggard, and Sir VV alte~ Besant You fcel bound to smile, she feels bound to re­ himself, the well-directed YOUlw rrlutton for spect your approval, and he feels bound to pro­ fictlOn·.III tIIe next century will'"ha'"....e the very ceed, the little darlino'! He runs straio'ht at belSt eha~ces of neglecting the rubbish heap of you, throwing himself'" against you rudely'" and bacllywntten and elnmsy sensationalism to which denting your derby. Thus you encouraO'e him t~e protection of better literature by the Copy­ to perform fill' you. You do it out of pol'itel1l>ss nght act has resulted in confining the larger to the householll ; the mother allows it out of number of poor in our own day." • politeness to you; anll when you arc gone and she tells him he was naughty and that the gentleman does not like such actions. he re­ plieR, "\Yll~', he l:llIgh('(l at it!" NORl.l1AL OFFERING. 43

Yes, we laugh at the darling's pranks, fInd Ilrekar, the hostess mother, allow him to hector his sister and plague the Watclted the hundred snitors pleading cat. And hcr unmoved virgin daughter 'Vhen he visits us we allow him to do many Idly toying with her ringlets. things his parents would disapprove, because But in Kalev:lIa's fastness we do not wi"h to cross him and do wish to Then abode the mighty hero shm," that we can "get along" with him peac­ I1felikis, magle warrior, ably. His father does not correct him for fear lIfeli1:is, hero-qnellel, of "breaking his will." He is excused by lIfelikis, e'er uudaunted. everybody because he is a boy. Gentleness, IJigh tlt.e hero's god-like stature, good manners, and kindred qualities belong to Broad and terrible his shoulders; girls. But uumarried dwelt the hero, "Vhen he gets into the street his aggressive­ Though withal of p]ensant visnge : ness attracts general attention, which inspires Blue his eyes, of piercing fierceness, him to out-do himself. Teamsters and electric Kiml in times of \\'eakeniug pence-truce; car men smile on him, that he may throw his Loud "nd clear his voice in battle, Sweet as woman's yet in inging. bnow-balls at some one else. If he chances to be at rest when a funeral procesaion is coming Long had warred this mighty hero, along the street, he will snatch his companion's Tired was he of gory conflict, hat and "show oft·" by tearing down the side­ Of the blue sword's fierce war-glancing walk amI between carriages of the passing Hundred wnniors had Ite fought with, train, whether he is pm-sued or not. Them had slain and many otbers; 'We have him in om- school, and when he Now the hero tired of slaying goes to college, (as he sometimes does), his IIung his birch bow from the rafters­ actions, if committed elsewhere, would deserve All his wenpons did he hang there, imprisonment. And through it all he acts Swords and spears and battle-axes, lmder the mistaken impression that he is ex­ From the roof tree's painted branches, ceedingly funny and entertaining. Of his low ancestral dwelling. This is a phase of education worth consider­ Long considered I1felikis:­ ing. How much of such teaching are we re­ "None in battle dared withstand me, sponsible for by encouraging in one way or Now what other fields to conquer? another such development? Sick is my right arm of slaying W.F. S. Now my battle-axe is blunted, Sword edge dull and spear point shattered; ~ ~ :t Yet is peace time lonely for me, Yet hath war time no allurement. THE WOOING OF ILFELIKIS. For whose hands bring home the war-spoil? Who to welcome me returning From the dismal fields of conflict? Tn times far gone by a maiden, Who to weep if Ukko father, Fairest she of all her people, From his home in high .Jumala Of the maidens of the Northland, :Me shonld sink in blackest whirlpool, Daughter of a far-famed hostess, In the surging Hisi waters? Ilrekar, the ancient hostess, Ukko omnipotent avenger! Of those far-off Northland peoples Lo\·e'iest abode a virgin. o how happy-happy-blessed­ Had I now a faithful consort But a hundred heroes vainly Of my life in these great dangers For her hand had striven madly; In these wars and in these peace times! In the gtables of the hostess I will in that far-off "orthland All their fire-out-breathing stallions For a fitting Bride of Beanty, 'rethered were to rings of copper, For my Heaven-appointed consort, And of copper were the mangers, Seek with all my hero fierceness: While beneath the painted rafters Seek and woo and wed and bear oft· 44 NORMAL OFFERING.

To this m~' ance~tra1 c1welliug. (Ours, unworthy house to hold thee;) Happy she in such a husbaud Yet I an~wcr for my daughter:- lIappy 1 her hero husband. ,. She of suitors 1mth abundance, Fivc score seek her haml in malTiage, Forth,,·ith cn,]lr(l t ll{'u flfel il;is, "\11 :U'e heroes, great magieians, And the servants, quick oheying, Siugers, warriors. or cnchanters. Bring now forth the noble courser: If thou wouldst bear oil'the ma idcn Wtlll adjustcd golden hrirne, Thou mu~t all excerd in wisdom; Carefuny the sadLlle I:Lid on, or all things must 1mow the reason Silver buckles nratJy fastened. What the primal source of matter, Now npon the eagrr war-sterd \Yhat gave birth to boundlcss cther, Leaps the hcro IlfelilLis, Why is silver unlike COppCl', For his dismal journcy northward, Where got copper its deep reLlness. '1'0 the rcalms of Sariol:L, When of an things learued the nature '1'0 the portals of thc hostess, Mayst again attempt as suitor." 11rekar, the wen-kuown mothrr Of the lovely Bride of Beanty! ~ow there strides forth llfelikis, Silently his courser saddles, llrekar far-oft' alisteniug Gallops 'gainst the gathering darkness Hears the rapid sound approaching, To his home ill Kalcvala. Wakes the daughter lighlly napping. Thence the next day rode he sonthward, Sets the table now in order, Rode the uest from morn till evening Bids the servants greet the stranger, Rode the third d:ty without ceasing; Bids them take the fiery conrser For three moous 01' more to southward And bis silver buckles loosen, Held his journey llfelilds, Feed him in a copper manger. Found a land of stranger people Where the birch tree g:lVe no rooftops Now descends the mighty hero Wherc of \yhit(' stol;e hou es built were. Enters, i>tooping low, the dwelling; There the peoples gazed upon him, l\Iost hospitable his reception 'l'hrouged about yet did not harm him; In the outer hall of honor; Found at la~t a man 1lJ:1j('stic Speak~ the mighty hero-llueller, ',,"ho addressed him in kind accents li~tenillg Now accosts the mother; In the tongue of J\alevala. "From the distant vales impatient With this kind friend and protector lIitherward has Ukko led me- For four loug years Jlfelikis He, beneficent all-giver, Studied deep of things the rellson~, Kuoweth well whereof llacldng Pondered much aud diseollt'sed daily Huudreds slaughter nncontented, With this wise and new-found counsellor,­ Nothing lack that conquest giveth, Till his wisdom far exceeded Nothing in my home is lacking Wisest men of all the N orthlall

By thy presence, mighty hero. Gladly to the heavenly mandate, Yet Wh:1t cau~e hath bronght thee hither?" Yielded him the wisest hero, '1'0 be wafted to Jumala: 'l'hen spake Ilfelikis slowly: '1'hore in glory all-transcendent \'Xow know I of things the causes, 1IIay he search with deathless longing Long have studied, much have pondered; For the lovely Bride of Beauty. Givc me now thy lovely daughter, ·Worthy am I now to wed her." Thus began in Kalevala The decline of alll1e1' glory, Thus replied the hostess mothcr: Rut the far-famed hero's wooing "·Would that such rewanl to offer Told through countless generations, Were I able,-yet hath Ukko, Faithfully transmitted to us, Great creator,-all-wise ruler,­ I~ives to all eternal earnest Otherwise iu past time ordered. Of the dear cost of all wisdom, While in distant lauds of wisdom And yet of its deathless value. Thou of all things learned the reasons, l!'. F. S~IITH. Spent long years in pondering wisely, Came another suitor to us, ~ ~ ~ SOt:ght the hand of my fair daughter: He, the mlghty, sweet-voiced singer OUR FLAG. He, the graceful Hisi-dancer, Charmed her with his artful presence; They dwell now four suns to wcstward." N the year 1894, an enabling act was passed by the Congress of the United States for Ilfelikis, old-time hero I the admission of Utah, which will probably Feels his sonl o'ercome by sorrow, In the stable finds his conrser, take place some timc in 1896. This is the Silently the war-steed saddles,­ last of the territories, and its admission will Lost in depths of utter anguish. necessitate the addition of the forty-fifth star to Through the dark glades of the Northland our flng, thus making the number complete. To his home alone he speedeth. In view of this fact, many congressmen have expressed themselves in favor of some per­ Then to Ukko, mighty father, manent and suggestive arrangcment of the Maledictions, imprecations stars. Although "Freedom has set the stars Poured upon the Hisi-dancer of glory" in her azure :field, she has failed to lnconsolable Ilfelikis! set them very artistcially. And till fourscore yeal's had Ukko Thus far two plans have met with the ap­ Fed the soul of Ilfelilds, proval of different sections. The :first-that of Dwelt he '''ise but sad among men. a heraldic sign, as the protecting shield of the Daily spake he words of wisdom, U mon, ste'tnding for shelter, invulnerability, Young men hearkeued to his counsel, and placc. Old men listened acquiescent. The second plan was embodied in a bill re­ He who once ruled all in battle .cently presented in Congress, which speci:fies Now ruled wider far by wisdom; that the ":field shall hold the outline of a pansy Great in conflict, great in counsel, , with a true pansy centcr which shall represent Thus lived last-bol'll of the heroes! the capital or central government; that the white He the newest, bravest, wisest, stars representing the several states, shall be set Kindest, noblest, yet the saddest. within the white outline of the pansy." Of the Southland's thousand heroes, One argument madc for this plan is, that the Dwelt alone enthroned in g-lory flower which Shakespeare makes emblematic of All-excelling King of Wisdom I thought would be the :fitting sign of a nation When in destined time of ripeness whosc future we hope will be peace, and whose Called the ever-sleepless Uklw history the history of great thoughts. For the waiting vital spirit Another argument is based on an incident For the soul of IIfe1i1ds, relatcd of the ship Emp1·cs.q from New York, 4G NORJ,fAL OFFERING. which sailed into the harbor of Canton one dismay, he makes the unpleasant discovery that morning with a large American flag at its peak. he cannot do it. Then must follow a patient :rews "vas at once spread abroad among the undoing of the harm. In my experience the Chinese that a ship bearing a flag as beautiful as quickest way to do this is to stop reading al­ a flower bad arrived from the other end of the most entirely for a time; confine one's self to world. Crowds flocked to see the''flowery flag the books that require absolute concentration if ship" and the name "flower flag country" has they are to be understood; and absolutely for­ become fi...-..:ed in the Chinese language when bid one's self the pleasure of skm1ming. speaking of Americans. M. A. P. Let us hope, whatever the design shall be, that it will be emblematic of the stand which our nation takes in the advancement of civiliza­ tion, knowledge, and peace. FROM ONE POINT OF VIEW, B. If.

lyrE liv!: here in a little world of our own. W Our daily tnsks absorb all our interest, THE EFFECT OF TOO MANY 800/(S. and for the most part we hm'e little in­ clina,tion to bother our minds with the interests of the wm-lJ around us. "Ye know in a vague TTrHEN one spends six or eight hours each sort of way that there is SOIl1C troublc in W day in a large library, there are many odd Turkey which does not effect us much, we minutes that can be used in reading. realize rather indefinitely that thcre is some sort Unless one has a course of reading in mind and of' agitation on foot eoneerning the next presi­ keeps steadily to that course, the temptation to dential election, but 'we are not very mueh in­ pick up any book that looks interesting is too terested. If our fathers are Hepl;blicuns we strong. New books in all their freslmess, the shall be very n,nxiolls when the time comes that latest book about which everyone is talking, l\Ir. Reed or NIl'. Morton or 1\1r. McKinley, the magazines as they appear in turn, are all 813 it may be, will be elected, but we shall be very tempting. It is almost impossible to totrilly at a loss for :my reason for preferring withstand them, a,nd it is made the more diffi­ these to any other. cult, because one who is in the library knows There seems to be no special reason why we that he can have more freedom in taking books should take any particular interest in these away from the library, than the general public things. The world goes on just the same. enjoys. Suppose that a young person fond of There we are wrong. Indifrhellce is the curse reading is pla,ced amoDg books uuJer these cir­ of this cOllnt7 today. And to no one is there cumstances. In a little while he has acquired greater reason for keeping abreast of tlle timcs the power to "skim" books at a phenomenal than to the teacher. "Yhat can we do? Read rate. The number of books that a young lDan the headings of almoEt any daily paper, and in the employ of the \Vorces!er Pul>li(~ Library then sit down and thillk of' what you have read in one week, would hardly be believed. r<::,d. If your E'xpcrienee is like mine you will Oue soon loses the power to read anything come to the cou('lubion that yon must h~tye that requires close attention. A book of over made a mistake and instead of the daily pn,per two or three hundred pages long seeillS formda­ havc gotten ho1l10facopy oftl1E' criminal record. ble to him. And shorter books whose subjects ]\Jurders and suicides, dcfakations and corrllp­ de:n:llld hard thO~lght he quickly lays aside and tion, riots auu rcbellions, ImhEc ::.nd pri.,"nte tahs others that ask little of the mind beyon

The country is in a very critical condition to­ methods are selfish, unjust, and, in many cases day. Our governments hom the lowest to the thoroughly dishonest. Perfectly honest and highest are tainted with corruption. There is reliable men in home relations pass off all ha,rdly a CIty in this country today that itS not a respon"ibility in thcir dealings by that saying hot-bed of vice and crime, not only unchecked, which is so common, "Oh, well, that is busi­ but actually cherished by the local government ness, you know." Business seems to be a and its ally, the police force. That these things very curious institution in which the ordinary are so in Boston some of us know by personal laws of truth and morality are null and void. observation. That the same conditions have Religion is an excellcnt thing in chmch and prevailed, and to a large extent do prevail in on Sunday, but to carry it into business deal­ New York, we know from the disclosures of the ings would be fatal. Morality is a thing to be patSt two years and the storm of abuse that has insisted upon at home, but it is rather a nuisance followed the efforts of {.ne honest man to carry in business. out the law. So it is in other cities to a The atmosphere of social life is not so pure greater or less degl'ec. And the public has and elevating as it should be. In many cases been for years, and in most cities still is su­ social life has become a meaningless formula premely indifferent to these things which are so which must be worked out, wearisome though transparent that a man has but to look and see. it be. The innocent gatherings and pleasant And yet this municipal cOl'ruption is the rot­ meetings which characterized our social life in ting of the foundation stones of the whole the earlier days ofour independence ha,'e become edifice -of our government. Time and again unfashionable. The young men of our day we have seen this exemplified in the past, and attend social gatherings often as a duty and a yet we sit, calmly 'waiting for it all to fall bore. Then their pleasure is sought else­ about our ears, hoping to get as much as possible where. Few of us, 1 think, realize the terrible in the general grab while there is yet time. significance of' this t~LCt, that the young men of And it is not only in connection with erime today go outside of their homes to find their that corruption is manifest. Time and again pleasure. None of us excepting those who have corporations like the \Vest End Railroad have been in the midst of it can understand the controlled our state legislature. But a short temptations which beset the young man in the time ago the highest legislative body in our city today. And few of us r('alize how many land, and, as we like to think, in the world, of the young men whom we respect and love olleyed the dictates of the sugar trust. It is are tainted by contact with things which defile entirely safe, I think, to say that ninety-nine in the world of pleasure. They are only sow­ out of every hundred contracts given out by ing their wild oats and in ten years will settle city or state are a source of profit to the com­ down as good respectable Christian men. mittee in charge. Let me cite an instance. Yes, but never were wild oats sown that did As we know, there are a number of new nor­ not take root and come up to be reaped, if not mal schools to be built in this state. It has by the sower, by some unfortunate victim. come to my knowledge that a certain architect But what has this to do with us? Every­ was approached some time ago by a man who thing. The boy of today is the man of tomor­ said, "Mr.--, I can secure for you one of row. That boy's character is placed in our these normal schools if you care to make it an hands to be moulded. That buy's head is filled object for me to do so," naming the sum to be with new-born ideas. Some of these must be paid,-a number ofhundred dollars. Although fostered and developed, some must be crushed this architect did not accept the proposition it in their incipiency. Our great task is nut to seems safe to assume that some other architect cram his young brain with history, geography did. But I might write all day upon this and the like, but to so develop him that he is topic without exhausting it. Corruption, fit to go out into the world to do honest battle bribery, extortion, blackmail are at work every for the right, a task for which some of us will where, hydra-like, springing up two fold when go forth as unprepared as when we were our­ crushed. selves children. And if we fail it will be be­ Not only our politics, but our business cause in cramming our heads with the know- 48 NORMAL OFFERING. ledge of our text books we have not had time our ideas and thoughts. for the study of character and a full comprehen­ SCIIOLAR~"\\That do you call an idea? sion of the meaning of life in this world of MASTER-The image or representation of an ours. Let us remember, then, that the future object or quality in the minu. . of this country is in our hands, and let us so prepare ourselves that when the time comes for One could accept most of this as strictly in action we shall not be found wanting. accord with our own modern interpretations, H. T. B. but how about this one? SClIOLAI~-"",'hat is an adverb? MASTER-It is a woro which serves to modify the qU:l.lity interwoven with the yery " NATURE DISPLAYED." existance of the verb, or separate from it. when ---l>-- the generating verb to be is used. HILE rummaging about the library last SCHOLAR-What do you mean by the ex­ week, I happened to find an old volume, pression to modify tILe quality? Wpublished in 1804 at Philadelphia. The MASTER-I mean to expl'ess th~t the quality title page ran as follows: with the help of this new word, undergoes a change in its primitive aeeeptation, and is there­ NATURE DISPLAYED, by fitted to represent the light in which it is in­ stantly viewed by the miI/d. IN HER MOUE To this last the scholar replies; I believe I OF shall understand you hetter ifyou have recourse to an example: and I could not help sympa­ TEACHING LANGUAGE TO MAN; thizing with him. The adverb must have been OR, a terrible infliction. Here is still another: A NEW AND INFALLIBLE METHOD SCHOLAR-W hat is the meaning of Syntax? OF MASTER-Syntax is the right ordering of ACQUIRING A LANGUAGE IN TIlE SIIORTEST TIME words united to express thoughts, and is POSSIBLE, 1J1mpCED FHmi THE ANALYSIS founded on the polite custom ofthe language of OF THE HUMAN MIND, which it treats. AND At the end of the book, in accordance with the customs of the times, was a long list of the Consequently Suited to EvelY Capacity. names ofthe subscribers, headed rather ostenta­ ADAPTED TO THE FHENCH. tiously by this: THO~JAS JEFFEHSON, The interior of the book did not belie the title. The form of the subject matter was that P1'csident of the United States ofAmerica, of a conversation between master and scholar 6 copies, thus bearing out the statement that in which, contrary to present custom, the "there is nothing new under the sun," and scholar did the questioning and the master the that testimonials and signatures were procured answering. This custom, by the way, might in much the same way then as they are now, be followed today with advantage in many in­ namely: . by presentation copies. Then come stances. Here is a fair sample of one of these the names of a number of' editors to whom dialogues; compare the ideas expressed with volumes were given in order to secure a good your own and see if they agree: "puff," and finally the names of the general reading( ?)public. SCHoLAR-What are words? I cannot close without leaving with you the MASTER-The signs of our ideas and ideas pertaining to the sources of nouns. thoughts, that is to say, they serve to represent The conversation on this point is as follows :- NORJ.l1AL OFFERING. 49

SCHOLAR- Can you trace.... nouns to their which, connected into words, were always equal original source? to thc expression of his wants; and different MAsTER-I will ~ndeavour to do so. In sounds were, of course, imposed to signify the da,wn of Suciety, when the family of man­ diffcrent objects. kind was but small, man strongly felt the ncces­ Thc habit uf giving names to visible objccts sity of living ill a state of union, as well to becoming tamiliar to mankind, a name was be­ shield himself from the attack of the ferucious stowed on whatever was useful to be known, animal that roamed for prcy through the wilder­ or worthy to be remcmbered ; but in the course ness, as to assist by social intercourse in procur­ of this distribution, they discovcred a great ing the neccs

EXCHANGES, While Moses was no college man, And never played foot-ball, In rushes he is said to be, Among our November exchanges we notice The first one of them all.

the familiar appearance ofold friends. Among --0-- the number are The NOl'rnalia, Vidette, A speaker in the English parliament in a Institute Journal, Emporia J.Yorrnal Month­ tumult of patriotic enthusiasm once said: "Sir, ly, McGaw Gleaner, Normal News, Oneon­ I would give up half, yes, the whole, of the tan, B. L. S. Registe1', Plainfield Reform­ constitution to save the other half." Another atory, Pennsylvanian, Student's Salute, speaker in the same place once said: "Sir, I Academy Weekly. Weare always glad to stand prostrate at the feet. of my sovereign." hear from our contemporaries, and we recog­ nize the fact that much valuable criticism can --0-- be received from them. It may be interesting to note that J. Von

-0-- Liebig is the man who was most instrumental in introducing the laboratory method of teach­ The Normal News of Cortland, N. Y. con­ ing chcmiotry. This fact alone, aside from tains an excellent contribution on "School the beef-extract which bears his name, is suffi­ Discipline." The author in closing, leaves this cient to make him famous. valuable thought with us :-"Tact ! Tact! Fellow teacher, if you have no tact, change --0-- your profession; for the most important element Herbert Spencer contributes another to his in the make up of the successful teacher is list of Professional Institutions now running in tact." Appleton's Popular Science Monthly. This

-0-- time it is "The Teacher." While not general­ ly applicable to us in America, the article will FRIEND-"Your son, I understand, has well repay the reading. literary aspirations. Does he write for money? In the same magazine James Sully continues FATHER. (feelingly)-"Unceasingly."-Ex. his "Studies of Childhood," valuahle reading -0-- for us all. The November Vidette is an especially in­ teresting number. An article on "The Nor­ mal's Ethical Man ," being an argument or plea for the abolition ofsupervising at examina­ tions is well worth reading.

--0-- We received our first number ofthe E. H. S. Record this month. It revived memories of the time when we, too, shared in the glories of the blue and blue, but our colors then were black and white. A change. in color is no change in spirit however, and we hope to see our esteemed contemporary again. NORJ.l!lAL OFFERING. 51

DEPARTMENTS. lot of rocks £i'om the Berkshire Hills to be used in the study of Historical Geology.

GEOGRAPHY. B. N. S. was given its accustomed recogni­ tion at the geographical conference held in LOCALS. Boston on the seventh of this month. A part + of the apparatus with which this school has There has been a great increase in the in­ been so completely equipped through the un­ terest in basket-baU, and as a result five teams tiring efforts of Mr. Murdock, was exhibited have been formed by the young ladies of the there, a section being especially set apart for it. school. A p:J.per was also read by Mr. A. C. Boyden on the relation of Nature Study to Geography. The skating, though of short duration, was

ZOOLOGY. greatly enjoyed by the Normals.

The collection of butterflies, referred to in A Dickens party was given by some of the our last number, which has recently been ad­ young ladies on the afternoon of Dec. 7. The ded to the Zoology department, deserves notice characters 'were well represented and afforded as a new and decidedly original scheme for the much amusement. mounting ofspecimens. It contains a specimen from every genus in New England. The lectures given by Rev. Mr. Gutterson, Each specimen is mounted in a square box, formerly a missionary to India, created much with a glass top filled with plaster of Paris, interest and the Normals were greatly pleased which holds the specimen firmly in place against at the opportunity given them to hear him the under side of the glass, in a pOE'ition most during the morning exercises. adyantageous for studying all thc different parts, or any particular marks peculiar to the NOT WHAT SHE EXPECTED. genus. This method of mounting allows free Miss Antique (schoolteacher)-What does handling without danger to the specimcn, and w-h-i-t-e spell? will dispence with the replenishing so often Class-No answer. found necessary before. Miss Antique-What is tl:e color of my The material for this novel method of mount­ skin ') ing a collection can be obtained at Denton Class (in choms)-Yellow !-Tit-Bits. Bros., \Yellesley; and with a little expenditure of time and ingenuity, we can turn our collec­ tion, formerly of intercst only to ourselves, Preparations for the celebration of CIU'ist­ into a group of ornaments which will be of in­ mas are being made in the Kindergarten. terest to all, and still lose none of its scientific The little ones are much interested in the work. value There has been considerable conjecture as to MI~ERALOGY• whether or not there will be a reception at the Se"cral new additions have just been made approaching graduation. The Senior class to the collections used in the study of science, will give a reception and promenade concert. among which is a box of fine tourmaline in (No fancy dancing allowed during the march­ granite for the Mineralogy departmcnt, nlso a ing.) 52 ~NOR~j}fAL OFFERING.

personals. Miss Bessie Day is teaching the third and fourth grades in Rochdale. + !5 ;t ~ ~1:iss Elizabeth Wheeler is teaching History and Literature in the Taunton High 8chool. Bridgewater State Normal Directory. '95. Mr. Charles E. Gaffuey is principal of --.;- a grammar school in vVhitman. BOARD OF VISITORS. '95. Miss Mabel Turner has accepted a :Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, Cambridge. position in Brockton. George 1. Aldrich, A. M., Newtonville. '94. Miss Lida Boyce has been teaching in THE FACULTY. Brockton since Thanksgiving. Albert G. Boyden, A. M., Principal, Educational Study of Man. '95. Miss Zorada Briggs has an ungraded Arthur C. Boyden, A. M" Vice-Principal, school in Plymouth. National Science, History and Civil '95. Miss Lucy Whitney Brown bas the Polity. H. second grade in the 'Vashington School, Quin­ Franz Kirmayer, Ph. D., cy. Classics, French, German. vVilliam D. Jackson, '95. Miss Nellie Clorety is substituting in Physics, Botany, Mathematics, Litera­ the fifth and sixth grades at Sandwich. ture. E. JONES co., HEADQUARTERS FOR ~GLOVES, HOSIERY, COTTON UNDERWEAR AND DRESS GOODS.

CORNER MAIN AND CENTRE STREETS, BROCKTON, MASS.

Miss Lucy Ivers, who entered in September Frank F. Murdock, '94, has removed to Roxbury and is attend­ Geography,Physiulogy, Physical Train­ ing the Boston Normal School. ing. '95. Miss Hannah P. vYaterman teaches in Harlan P. Shaw, Taunton. Geology, Chemistry, Industrial Labom­ tory. '~5. Miss Katherine Evans is a teacher in Frank E. Gurney, Mendon. Latin, Astronomy, Book-Keeping. '95. MissMary White has a school in Brook­ Isabelle S. Horne, line. Vocal Culture and ReaCling. Clara C. Prince, Miss Clara Coffin, a former member of the Vocal Music, Mathematics. class of June '95, who has been teaching since Fannie A. Comstock, last April, will resume her course here after Rhetoric, Arithmetic, Botany. the spring recess. Elizabeth H. Perry, '94. Miss Harriet Day has accepted a posi­ Drawing. tion in Quincy and will begin her duties the Bessie L. Barnes, first of January. Physical Training. L. Evelyn Merritt, Miss Grace M. ",Vard intends to return in Assistant in Drawing. February to complete her course. Mildred Hunter, Grammar, Geometry. NORMAL OFFERING. 53

PRACTICAL TALKS ON COOKING. In the acqui!:'\ition of knowledge in regard to --.;,---- affairs of the cuisine, the subject of apparatus first claims attention and inde\:.d is of prime uu­ Adapted to the Intellect of the New Woman. pOl"tanee as all processcs are condi~ioned upon ------0-- apparatus nnd its skilful manipulatIOn. As introductory to our general study of ap­ II. Ethical Consideratious.-Apparatus und its Proper Care. paratus it might be well for the unskilled prac­ titioner in the domestic art to take note that all The eul inary art is 'Verily like unto the double­ apparatus should be kept scrupu~ously clea~. visage Janus of that Golden Age when the An invaluable instrument for thIS purpose IS legion~ry newsboy spoke better Latin to the blue known in the vulgar parlance of the cululary coated guardian of the peace patrollIng the ~ragnull1 laboratory as a "dish-cloth." . Forum then your humble seriLc em­ The article or vcssel to be cleaned IS placed ploys in laying down the law to his rOOll1l11a~e. in a laro'er containino- yessel of any convenient It Itas both a destructive amI a. constructIve form oro material. bNext water (0f oreli nary victi~ll'S chan~es aspeet, and the conjugal for purity, though distilled, if re~l~ily a~ hand,. is health, happilless, and contJDued ~xIstence prefuable), is introuueed until It attams a mll1­ vary according to the prcponderanee of the one imum depth corresponding approximatcly to or other (J'uidino- lwincil)le. Under favorable '" ;:, the maximum altitude' of the article to be circumstances, with the constructive tcndcney cleansed. The so-cnlled "cli"h-cloth" is then asccndant, he may li\-e many years. It may placed in the liquid and wel~ impr~gnated he well to note in this connection that unless throughout with the aqueous flUId. It IS then his bctter half succeeds in the little understood by ~nore or lcss rapid circumduction brought and ohseure process of concocting ambrosial in successive contact with the several polluted nectar, (the Olympian brand was form~rly the portions of the extel'llal and intel'llal surfaccs of best known, but is out of style now), IllS mor­ the vcssel to be cleansed. taI existunce must be terminated, sooner or The eireumduetory operation is continued later, wbatever system ofcookery he lives under. until the desired degree of cleanliness is at­ The o-oodwifc should keep the constructive tained. The lengths of time requu'ed for treat­ temlenc; in tallv with the scnse of oLligation, eo~k ment ofdifferent vessels vary di1'ectly rtS the and witl to in nccorclnnce therewith: in supe1:ftcial areas of the vessels, nn~ diTec~ly ,vllich instance the product of'the ccoking wjjl as the souct1'e 1'OOtS of the 1'espectwe vana­ be l1w1'ally good, and should be eaten if practi­ tions 0/ the vessels from a condition of ab­ cable, or otherwise dispoSE'd of, llutwitltout re­ solute cleanliness, and inve1'sely as the flection or comment, (exc<'llt favorahle or con­ SfjlW1'es ofthe ((mvwds ofskill employed. gratulatory), and, uDlelOs the eating be very ( COlttillu<·d,) painful, a pleasant smile "hould envelop .sueh F. F. S~IITIf. featnres of the en.ter as are not actively P. S.-An incident at our frugal rnol'lling cJlgng<'d in the gustatory process. . wl'~ter i~ea. If the sense of obligntion, the constructIve repast has suggested to the the that tcndency, the material objects nnd physicHl op­ soap may well be employed m cleansmg the crntions invoh-cd are all in harmony, and the various pieces of apparatlls, but that an excess bdy of the house or hf'r deputy cooks in accord­ should always be nyoided. ance therewith, the product of the cooking will F. F. S. be really good, amI the appropriate smile will nppenr upon the face of the cater without dircct action of the ·will. But as williNg in regard to matters culin~n'y depcnds primarily upon lcnowing, th~ etillcal consid.erations im'ol',-ed can well be (hseussed latcr, while our prescllt attention is to be di­ I ected toward obtaining kno'wledge of facts and of principlrs. 54 NORMAL OFFERING.

M!1~!~~BX ~r NORMAL PRICES.

BRAi?JFgR~, S. E. WELCH, Ell'VELIJ EllOeR.

i )11 11 riff ;;-THE ~~ PRINTER * \\\ \II~" ~ WATCHES, CLOCKS, JEWELRY \~~,\II ~ , 'II , }'tJ'W THEI~ ~EPAI~S. Can Furnish You with Anything :E-IENRY~ in the PRINTING LINE. Address GEORGE Cards of the Latest Style. Call at CENTHAL SQ., BmDGEWATER, MASS. his Office on Broad Street, when in need of Any Kind of Printing. PIaTUlfR. FlifIMINc?; AT LOWEST PRICES. ST}'tTIONERY, ARTISTS' JV1f'rTERIALS. MEADE, DODeE & Co., 4 PARK STREET. ---- BOSTON. For a Fresh Line of !G. KENNEDY'S CRACKERS F>HOT06RfiPHS ••• And Confectionery, Ij'l j

JAMES SMITH, BAKER, IT IS THE BEST. BRIDGEWATER, MASS. WE KEEp -A FULL LINE OF Up To Date ** Fresh Figs, . Mixed Nuts, .• TENNIS AND Choice Cigars, SF>ORTIN6 Cut and Plug Tobacco, Pipes, Etc., Etc. SH0ES, AT w. H. Rrrock & Bro., R. Ferguson's. Broad 8treet. .NORMAL OFFERING. 55 HotiEf::.

It is a pleasant duty to convey to my patrons of the Normal School, sincere thanks for their extended and inCl'ec.~ing patronage. My efforts will be directed to produce that qnality which will merit their con­ tinued approval. J. J. VINCENT, D. M. D. WASHBURN'S BLOCK, BROCKTON.

Get your Hair Cut in the Latest Style -AT- G. H. WATSON, M. D. ~:€-w. H. RElSER'S.-3¥- CENTRAL SQUARE, RaZ01'S Honed and COllwved in the Best Manne?'. Office Hours, 12 to 3 P. M. LAUNDRY ACENCY. J, J, JOHNSON, Florist. Conservatories, Main St., B~IIdGEWj

2TIiss lTIaoerette

~€---GROCERS,---3~ fOf\. pf'l EASY SHAVE, Plain and Fancy Crackers. j

..diImlBlin__The Fisk Teachers' Agencies EVERETT O. FISK & CO., PROPRIETORS. St·, 'Washin~ton, D. C. Placc, Boston, Mass. 70 Fifth Ave., New York, N. Y. 12421'welfth 4 Ashburton Can. 420 Ccntury Buih.lin~, Minncapolis, 355 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. 25 King Street West. 'l'oronto, Minn. 120 1-2 So. Spring :::itreet, Los Angeles, Cal. F. S. FROST, H. A. LAWRENCE, H. C. CARONER, sreY. CO TO PRES. VICE-PRES. & TREAS. The Right Place to Buy CHURCHILL-*' ----.-.-.-.-."'""":".-.-- MATHEMATICAL -*- iNSTRur1ENTS, PAPERS, BLUE PROCESS >IE--FOR-->IE COLORS, ORAWINC PAPERS, T-SQUARES, SCALES, Kid Gloves, CURVES. TRIANCLES, -Handkerchiefs, SUPPLIES. AND ALL KINDS OF" ARCHITECTS' 6. ENGINEERS' -Perfumes, Draperies, School A~TISTS' W}TE~[ALS }t\.D PICTURE FRAMES. -Hats, School Pins, Etc. -IS AT THE- FROST & ADAMS CO., 31 Cornhill, B'stol1, Mass. Importers. Wholesale and Retail Dealers. CEN'l'RAL SQ., BRIDGEWATER. New Cut1l1ogue Fr~e on Application. For Football Goods, "NorIT?al 3cl1oo1" 3p00I2S, Clothing, 30UV8I2ir Gymnasium -AND THE- Shoes, Etc., " OffiCIAL" NORMAL PIN.

-co TO- * >IE FOR SALE BY >IE * H. A. & W. C. KEITH'S, H. A. CLARK, Jeweler, 185 JV1AIN STREET, BI\O~KTON. CENTRAl" SQUARE, BRIQGEWATEI\. Use King's Nonpareil ~~~~:~~~~EP:f~~~' S .PEN~. CLASSES FITTED FOR S DJ:FF:E:E:E::N''F ST"YLES. }1yperJI\etropia, f\5ti~JI\atism, fI\yopia, Sup('riur to all others. AND ALL OPTICAL DEFECTS. 11 Gross for $10. GEO. HENRY Optician. Bridgewater, Mass. Price, $1. per Gross. Mailed Free of Postage. DID YOU EVER TRY OUR 1-4 gross, assorted, of our :I:I1any grades s<:ni on rltceipt Of25 cents, as AROMATIC TOOTH POWDER? samples. O,OicP. of Hinman's Ru.•ines8 Oldlege, 424 If not you ought to. It is Main St., Wore-ester lrJass., Feb. 9, 1886. as Good as the Best. We GEO. Ji'. RING.-Dear Sir: Your H!\unp'II'(·t1 omCt~ Pen" is one of the bt"8t for Brush. You'd 1Ju.linp~~ writing th:\t I hay", ~vcr u-led. have got that DUl'ing twenly yt~ll.rl) ns :~ prvf('ssiollnl penman, I hav~ b"cn "cry particular in the choice of pell~, and better come and get one. I rt"g'llrd yonI' ··Nonpal'dP' as meriting ~pecial praise YI;llrE'-, A. II. BIN3fA:-l. Geo. F. King and Merrill, Wilcox Brothers. DO YOU WANT TO TEACH? • ~ ~ ~ IF SO, RECISTER IN THE Jlc lio li" Good positions always open for progressive teachers. Teachers' Co-operatl'Ye Assocl'atl'on, Bridgewater students especially in demand. OF NEW ENCLAND. F, B, SPAULDING, M[r., 3~ Blo~mfield St., Boston ~~~ PORTRAIT P"OTOGRAPHERS ~ 352 WASHINCTON STREET, BOSTON. Class Photographers for Class of '92-'93-'94. Also Class Photographers of the Boston Univer­ sity Law School, '92-93; Boston Theological University, '91-'93 ; Concord High School, '92­ '93; Boston Latin School, '93-'94; Cambridge Latin School, '94; Boston College, '94; Emerson College of Oratory, '94. We invite your attention to our work of the class, and will guarantee ourwork to be up to thestandard of '95 WM. DONOVAN, .". .". DEALER IN .', .', Men's, Ladies', Misses' and Children's-- Blal)l{ Bool{s, Blo~l{s, Tabl~t5, Il)d~libI~ BOOtpiiS, iiSHOEiiS, I1UB.BIH~fi5. II)l{, TootQ BrvsQ~s, ~ol)fe~tiol)ery, A full line constantly on hand. Repairing neatly done.-~ MAIN ST., BRIDCEWATER. pvre Drv~s al)d fI\edi~il)es, J1oJl\eo­ patl}ics, Et~, /i/OI/O7iUleoe/'Cfol'/t hfII1~Efi5tp fi5tpO<0K IN t".POWN. Prices Right. Give Us a Call. Prices Right. ){IE1Jf)/lItf lilY/TAT/OilS - Jl!SITIII(J C/I/?IJS ­ !'10NOOIlAf1S'ETc. rOR F/{ltCY0TATIONERY BOSTON' ortlorojeLMS!: COLE'S PHARrIACY. What Shall We Have for a Lunch? ... , @O TO. , ., WELL A ~OX Of SP.RQINES. e= CHARLES O'REILLY, Potted Meats, F ....Us of An Kinds. FOR CONFECTIONERY, CICARS, TOBACCO, 6.enned1/'s Crll.ckm's. lJEM'e, COLD SODA AND OYSTERS. Noth'lny TIckles the Palate ICE CREAM SUPPLIED AT SHORT NOTICE. CR.A.N"E &; BURRILL. BROAD ST., BRIDGEWATER, MASS. BowIl1a:q's Express, Trunks and Baggage Transported to and from Station. OFFICE: CEN"TR.A.L SQ.

Do so many Normals Ifltsltp go to WHY DRAKE'S MARKET "* A. F. DUNBAR'S STABLE. "* FOR Civery, Boardil)~, ~oacl}il)~,Jobbil)~. Fruits, Olives. Sardines and Canned Meats? Rear Wilcox Bros., "

NEXT TO HOTEL, BRIDGEWATER. *-DR. C. J. MERCER,-3* HOT PEANUTS, DENTIST, FRUIT AND CONFECTIONERY OFFICE: Elwell's Block, Sl"sts~ Central Square, Bridgewater. II., Hours 9 to 12 and I to 5. BROAD STREET, BRIDGEWATER. WINSHIP PROMPT! COURTEOUS! fAIR! TEACHERS WM. E. JARVIS, MANACER. WANTED FOR ALL CRADES. DESIRABLE POSITIONS. TEACHERS' AGENCY. N. E. BUREAU OF EDUCATION. 3 ~OII2erset ~t. -- f-30S-trOD, 1\1888.