ASI18 011.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Cossacks in the Service of the Third Reich
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces ISSN: 2544-7122 (print), 2545-0719 (online) 2020, Volume 52, Number 1(195), Pages 87-102 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0014.0263 Original article Cossacks in the service of the Third Reich Adam Szymanowicz Faculty of Security Sciences, General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, Wroclaw, Poland, e-mail: adam.szymanowicz @awl.edu.pl INFORMATIONS ABSTRACT Article history: The origins of Cossacs probably date back to the 15th and 16th centuries. Cos- Submited: 21 October 2018 sacks appeared both in the south-eastern areas under the authority of the Accepted: 10 September 2019 Commonwealth and in the south-west of Moscow. They played a significant role in the history of our country, fighting together with the Crown and Lithu- Published: 16 March 2020 anian armies in the wars against the Tatars, Turks, Moscow and Sweden. How- ever, they also caused uprisings which seriously weakened the Commonwealth. In the 16th century, Cossack troops in the service of the rulers of Moscow were formed, used for conquests made by this country. Cossacks also suppressed uprisings and rebellions against tsarist authorities. During the civil war in Rus- sia, a significant part of them sympathized with the Whites. After the Bolshe- vik occupation of the Cossack territories, there was repression compared by Lenin to the Vendée genocide during the French Revolution. Persecution also took place there during the collectivization and the Great Terror. Many Cossacks emigrated. Some of them in Germany, where they later be- gan cooperation with the Nazis, especially after the Third Reich’s aggression against the USSR. -
Secret Intelligence Service
Secret Intelligence Service Room No. 15 A few notes on KGB. Military Counter-Intelligence (C-IV) The modern history of the state security forces in Russia began in July 1918. First it was of fragmented bodies acting under military control of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, as well as extraordinary Commission for Combating Counterrevolution, formed SNK of the RSFSR on the Eastern and other fronts. On December 19, 1918 the decree of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b) front and army Cheka were combined with the military control, and based on this formation was a new body - the Special Department of the Cheka at SNK RSFSR. The day – December 19th, is traditionally celebrated as a professional holiday of workers of the military counterintelligence. In the future, with the formation of the special departments, fronts, military districts, fleets, armies, and special departments of provincial Cheka was created a single centralized system of security forces. From the earliest days special departments always operated in close cooperation with the military command. This approach to the organization of the military counterintelligence has become one of the fundamental principles of their work. At the same time was born the other principle of the military counterintelligence, the importance of which had never been questioned by anyone and which is; a close relationship with the personnel of military units , workers, military facilities, staffs and institutions under the operational support of security forces.. The military counterintelligence largely contributed to the victories of the Red Army during the Civil War. Serious challenge to the military counterintelligence began during the Great Patriotic War. -
THE USSR and TOTAL WAR: Why Didn't the Soviet Economy Collapse in 1942?
THE USSR AND TOTAL WAR: Why didn't the Soviet economy collapse in 1942? Mark Harrison No 603 WARWICK ECONOMIC RESEARCH PAPERS DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS The USSR and Total War: Why didn’t the Soviet economy collapse in 1942? Mark Harrison Department of Economics University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL +44 24 7652 3030 (tel.) +44 24 7652 3032 (fax) [email protected] Paper to the Total War V conference on “A world at total war: global conflict and the politics of destruction, 1939–1945”, Hamburg, 29 August to 1 September 2001. Thanks to John Barber for advice and Peter Howlett and Valery Lazarev for comments. Revised 25 April, 2001. Please do not cite The USSR and Total War: Why didn’t the Soviet economy collapse in 1942? Introduction Germany’s campaign in Russia was intended to be the decisive factor in creating a new German empire in central and eastern Europe, a living space that could be restructured racially and economically in German interests as Hitler had defined them in Mein Kampf. When he launched his armies against the Soviet Union in 1941 the world had two good reasons to expect him to achieve a quick victory. One, for those with long memories, was the Russian economic performance in 1914–17: when faced with a small proportion of Germany’s military might, Russia had struggled to mobilise itself and eventually disintegrated. The disintegration was just as much economic as military and political; indeed, it could be argued that Russia’s economic disintegration had been the primary factor in both Russia’s military defeat and the Russian revolution. -
World War Two
1 World War Two World war two lasted from September 1st1939 to September 2nd1945 - a duration of 6 years and 1 day. The main countries involved were, the Axis power which included Germany, Italy, and Japan, and the Allies France, Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union. How did it start? It began as Adolf Hitler had been building up power in Germanssy. His political stances were approved by many, and his anti-Jew, anti-black, anti-gay and anti- disabled laws were popular. The anti-Jew laws as described by Anne frank in the book A Diary of Anne Frank were, Jews were required to wear a yellow star. Jews were required to turn in their bicycles. Jews were forbidden to ride in cars (even their own). Jews were required to do their shopping between 3 and 5pm. Jews were required to frequent only Jewish-owned barber shops and beauty parlours. Jews were forbidden to be out on the streets between 8pm and 6am. Jews were forbidden to attend theatres or any other form of entertainment. Jews were forbidden to use swimming pools, tennis courts, hockey fields or any other athletic fields. Jews were forbidden to go rowing. Jews were forbidden to take part in any athletic activity in public. Jews were forbidden to visit Christians in their homes. Jews were forbidden to sit in their garden or those of their friends after 8pm. Jews were required to attend Jewish schools and much more. Hitler and the Nazi party laws forced Jews away from each other and isolated them, which made them very vulnerable. -
Secret Societies That Threaten to Take Over America Rise of 4Th Reich J
Secret Societies That Threaten to Take Over America Rise of 4th Reich J. Marrs INTRODUCTION PART ONE - THE HIDDEN HISTORY OF THE THIRD REICH PART TWO - THE REICH CONSOLIDATES PART THREE - THE REICH ASCENDANT Epilogue INTRODUCTION ADOLF HITLER’S THIRD REICH ENDED IN BERLIN ON APRIL 30, 1945 Thunder reverberated from a storm of Russian artillery that was bombarding the ruined capital. The day before, along with the incoming shells, came particularly bad news for the fuehrer, who by this late date in World War II was confined to his underground bunker beneath the Reich chancellery. Hitler had learned that two days earlier his Axis partner, Italy’s Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, had been captured by paramilitary Italian resistance fighters. Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci, were executed and their bodies were left hanging from lampposts in a Milan piazza. This news was especially worrisome to Hitler because only hours earlier he had married Eva Braun in a small civil ceremony inside the Fuehrerbunker. Hitler had previously vowed never to be captured alive, and reiterated to his entourage that neither he nor his new bride would be made a “spectacle, presented by the Jews, to divert their hysterical masses.” He made obvious preparations for the end of his reign. He handed out poison capsules to his remaining female secretaries and had Blondi, his favorite Alsatian dog, poisoned. Two other house hold dogs were shot. Dictating a last will, he stated, “I myself and my wife—in order to escape the disgrace of deposition or capitulation—choose death.” He ordered that their bodies be burned immediately. -
Table of Contents Item Transcript
DIGITAL COLLECTIONS ITEM TRANSCRIPT Mark Klotsman. Full, unedited interview, 2007 ID OH004.interview PERMALINK http://n2t.net/ark:/86084/b41m3n ITEM TYPE VIDEO ORIGINAL LANGUAGE RUSSIAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM TRANSCRIPT ENGLISH TRANSLATION 2 CITATION & RIGHTS 13 2021 © BLAVATNIK ARCHIVE FOUNDATION PG 1/13 BLAVATNIKARCHIVE.ORG DIGITAL COLLECTIONS ITEM TRANSCRIPT Mark Klotsman. Full, unedited interview, 2007 ID OH004.interview PERMALINK http://n2t.net/ark:/86084/b41m3n ITEM TYPE VIDEO ORIGINAL LANGUAGE RUSSIAN TRANSCRIPT ENGLISH TRANSLATION —Today is June 7, 2007. We are in Cincinnati at the home of a veteran of the Great Patriotic War. Please introduce yourself and tell us about your childhood and your parents. How did the war begin for you, how did you come to serve in the army, and what was the war like for you? Please go ahead. I was born in Konstantinovka [Konstyantynivka], Stalino [Donetsk] Oblast, Ukraine, in 1922. —Please tell us your name. My name is Mark Borisovich Klotsman. My father was a public servant and my mother was a housekeeper. After graduating from high school, I attended a factory-training school and worked for a year before applying to military school following a Komsomol recruitment drive. My dream was to become a pilot, either civilian or military. However, the draft board said that I did not pass the most basic test. I had to spin around ten times and walk a straight line. I thought that it was pretty straight, but they said that I actually veered to the right. I took my papers and decided to apply to the Krasnodar Artillery and Mortar School, which had just opened and was recruiting its first class. -
Cossacks in the German Army
CASS SERIES ON POLITICS AND MILITARY AFFAIRS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Series Editor MICHAEL I. HANDEL US. Naval War College, Newport, RI 1. Leon Trotsky and the Art of Insurrection 1905-1917 H.W. Nelson 2. The Nazi Party in Dissolution: Hitler and the Verbotzeii 1923-1925 David Jablonsky 3. War, Strategy and Intelligence Michael I. Handel 4. Cossacks in the German Army 1941-1945 Samuel J. Newland 5. Churchill, The Great Game and Total War David Jablonsky COSSACKS IN THE GERMAN ARMY 1941-1945 SAMUEL J. NEWLAND U.S. Army War College FRANK CASS First published 1991 in Great Britain by FRANK CASS AND COMPANY LIMITED Gainsborough House, 11 Gainsborough Road, London E ll IRS, England and in the United States of America by FRANK CASS c/o International Specialized Book Services, Inc. 5602 N £. Hassalo Street, Portland, Oregon 97213 Copyright О 1991 Samuel J. Newland British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Newland, Samuel J. Cossacks in the German army 1941-1945. 1. Germany. WchrmachL Foreign volunteers, 1939-1945 I. Title 940.54'0943 ISBN 0-7146-3351-8 Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Newland, Samuel J. Cossacks in the German army, 1941-1945 / Samuel J. Newland. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-7146-3351-8 1. Germany, Hccr—History—World War, 1939-1945. 2. Cossacks. 3. Military service. Voluntary—Germany. I. Title. D757.N484 1991 940.54*1343—dc20 89-25229 CIP All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Frank Cass and Company Limited. -
Soviet Jews in World War II Fighting, Witnessing, Remembering Borderlines: Russian and East-European Studies
SOVIET JEWS IN WORLD WAR II Fighting, Witnessing, RemembeRing Borderlines: Russian and East-European Studies Series Editor – Maxim Shrayer (Boston College) SOVIET JEWS IN WORLD WAR II Fighting, Witnessing, RemembeRing Edited by haRRiet muRav and gennady estRaikh Boston 2014 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Copyright © 2014 Academic Studies Press All rights reserved ISBN 978-1-61811-313-9 (hardback) ISBN 978-1-61811-314-6 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-61811-391-7 (paperback) Cover design by Ivan Grave Published by Academic Studies Press in 2014 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA [email protected] www. academicstudiespress.com Effective December 12th, 2017, this book will be subject to a CC-BY-NC license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/. Other than as provided by these licenses, no part of this book may be reproduced, transmitted, or displayed by any electronic or mechanical means without permission from the publisher or as permitted by law. The open access publication of this volume is made possible by: This open access publication is part of a project supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book initiative, which includes the open access release of several Academic Studies Press volumes. To view more titles available as free ebooks and to learn more about this project, please visit borderlinesfoundation.org/open. Published by Academic Studies Press 28 Montfern Avenue Brighton, MA 02135, USA [email protected] www.academicstudiespress.com Table of Contents Acknowledgments ....................................................... -
Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953
Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Lawson, Konrad. 2012. Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:9795484 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA © 2012 – Konrad Mitchell Lawson Some Rights Reserved This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ iii Dissertation Advisor: Professor Andrew Gordon Konrad Mitchell Lawson Wartime Atrocities and the Politics of Treason in the Ruins of the Japanese Empire, 1937-1953 ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the relationship between violence and betrayal in retribution against military and police collaborators who helped maintain Japan’s wartime occupations up until its defeat in 1945. Looking at the approaches taken in the colonies of British Asia, postwar treason trials in the Philippines, and Chinese Communist approaches in wartime and postwar Shandong province, this study argues that the laws and rhetoric of treason were deeply flawed tools for confronting the atrocities of war. At the very moment that war crimes trials were defining a set of acts that constituted crimes against all humanity, around the world thousands of individuals who helped perpetrate them were treated as primarily guilty of crimes against the nation. -
Transitions from Nazism to Socialism: Grassroots Responses to Punitive and Rehabilitative Measures in Brandenburg, 1945-1952
Transitions from Nazism to Socialism: Grassroots Responses to Punitive and Rehabilitative Measures in Brandenburg, 1945-1952 Doctoral Thesis of Julie Nicole Deering-Kraft University College London PhD in History 1 Declaration I, Julie Nicole Deering-Kraft, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This study examines transitions from Nazism to socialism in Brandenburg between 1945 and 1952. It explores the grassroots responses and their relative implications within the context of both punitive and rehabilitative measures implemented by the Soviet Military Administration (SMAD) and the communist Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED). The present study is based on archival and oral history sources and addresses two main research questions: First, in what ways did people at the grassroots attempt to challenge the imposition of punitive measures, and did their responses have any effect on the manner in which these policies were implemented at a grassroots level? These punitive measures were designed to remove remnants of Nazism and included punitive Soviet practices, Soviet NKVD camps and denazification and sequestering. Second, to what extent did grassroots Brandenburgers participate in political organisations which were designed to integrate East Germans during the rehabilitative stage and what impact did these responses have on the post-war transition? This study focuses on the National Democratic Party and the Society for German-Soviet Friendship as well as examining wider factors which may have impeded and facilitated the processes of post-war transitions. Two main arguments are proposed. -
Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi-German
Last EH on Page iii Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi German An English Lexicon of the Language of the Third Reich ROBERT MICHAEL and KARIN DOERR Forewords by Paul Rose Leslie Morris Wolfgang Mieder GREENWOOD PRESS Westport, Connecticut • London iv First EH on Page Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Michael, Robert, 1936– Nazi-Deutsch/Nazi German : an English lexicon of the language of the Third Reich / Robert Michael and Karin Doerr ; forewords by Paul Rose, Leslie Morris and Wolfgang Mieder. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0–313–32106–X (alk. paper) 1. German language—Dictionaries—English. 2. German language—Government jargon—Dictionaries. 3. National socialism—Terminology—Dictionaries. 4. Nazis—Language—Dictionaries. 5. Germany—History—1933–1945. 6. German language—Political aspects. 7. Propaganda, German. I. Title: Nazi-German. II. Doerr, Karin, 1951– III. Title. PF3680.M48 2002 943.086'03—dc21 2001042328 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 2002 by Robert Michael and Karin Doerr All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2001042328 ISBN: 0-313-32106-X First published in 2002 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.greenwood.com Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). 10987654321 Contents Foreword by Paul Rose vii Foreword by Leslie Morris xi Foreword by Wolfgang Mieder xv Preface xix Acknowledgments xxi The Tradition of Anti-Jewish Language by Robert Michael 1 Nazi-Deutsch: An Ideological Language of Exclusion, Domination, and Annihilation by Karin Doerr 27 Lexicon 47 Appendix 459 Select Bibliography 477 Last EH on Page vi To the six million dead Jews and to all the victims of Nazism. -
1939 Everyday Life Under Occupation: a Comparative Perspective Scenario
EVERYDAY LIFE subject UNDER OCCUPATION: a comparative perspective Context4. The Second World War and the German Germans was also countered. Among occupation had a great impact on the the countless campaigns organised by everyday life of European citizens. Condi- the Polish underground, the attempt to tions and legislation in individual countries liberate the capital from the German occu- differed depending on whether they were oc- pation in the face of the approaching Red cupied by or collaborated with the Third Reich. Army deserves particular attention. The War- Additionally, occupied countries were not treat- saw Rising broke out on 1 August 1944. It was ed equally. In Western Europe, the occupation the greatest city uprising in occupied Europe in had a different nature than in East-Central Europe. terms of scale and length. Two months of fighting For example, the Germans did not employ terror or ended in a defeat and brutal pacification of the ci- various types of repression there on such a scale as, vilian population estimated at 120,000–150,000. say, in the General Government (GG) or the Baltic The German forces almost completely destroyed states, Ukraine or the Balkans. In Western Europe, the city and thousands of surviving Warsaw resi- they also attempted to at least maintain the sham dents were sent to concentration camps. of decent treatment of civilians. Some administra- tive authority was left to local officials with control An extensive movement resisting the Germans was only over their actions. In principle, higher educa- also formed in occupied territories of the Soviet tion functioned normally there.