DOCSLIB.ORG

Raznolikost Živih Sistemov Mednarodni Posvet Biološka Znanost in Družba

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Raznolikost Živih Sistemov Mednarodni Posvet Biološka Znanost in Družba Biodiverziteta – raznolikost živih sistemov mednarodni posvet Biološka znanost in družba ljubljana, 1.–2. oktober 2009 Zbornik prispevkov Biodiversity – diversity of living systems Conference on Bioscience and society october 1–2, 2009, ljubljana, slovenia Proceedings Zavod Republike Slovenije za šolstvo The National Education Institute Ministrstvo za šolstvo in šport Ministry of Education and Sport Društvo biologov Slovenije Biological Society of Slovenia Oddelek za biologijo, Biotehniška University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical fakulteta, Univerza v Ljubljani Faculty, Department of Biology Inštitut za fizikalno biologijo, d.o.o. Institute of Physical Biology Ltd. British Council Slovenia British Council Slovenia Biodiverziteta – raznolikost živih sistemov mednarodni posvet Biološka znanost in družba Ljubljana, 1.–2. oktober 2009 Zbornik prispevkov Biodiversity – diversity of living systems Conference on Bioscience and society October 1–2, 2009, Ljubljana, Slovenia Proceedings Organizatorji / Organizers Zavod RS za šolstvo / The National Education Institute v sodelovanju z / in cooperation with: Ministrstvom za šolstvo in šport / Ministry of Education and Sport Društvom biologov Slovenije / Slovenian Biological Society Oddelkom za biologijo Biotehniške fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani / University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology Inštitutom za fizikalno biologijo, d.o.o. / Institute of Physical Biology Ltd. ustanovo British Council Slovenia / British Council Slovenia Organizacijski odbor / Organizing committee Ožja delovna skupina / Working group: Minka Vičar (predsednica organizacijskega odbora posveta / chair of organizing committee), Zavod RS za šolstvo / The National Education Institute Barbara Vilhar (vsebinski vodja / programme co-ordinator), Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za biologijo / University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology Simona Strgulc Krajšek, Univerza v Ljubljani, Biotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za biologijo / University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology Alexis Zrimec, Inštitut za fizikalno biologijo, d.o.o. / Institute of Physical Biology Ltd. Al Vrezec, Nacionalni inštitut za biologijo / National Institute of Biology Ostali člani / Other members: Robert Monro, British Council Slovenia Gregor Mohorčič, Zavod RS za šolstvo / The National Education Institute Andreja Barle Lakota, Ministrstvo za šolstvo in šport / Ministry of Education and Sport Tanja Popit, Zavod RS za šolstvo / The National Education Institute Avtorji prispevkov / Authors Iris Fry, Eörs Szathmáry, Gorazd Avguštin, Peter Trontelj, Eva Jablonka, Volker Storch, Alojzij Ihan, Ivan Kos, Jan Kuever, Boris Sket, Kazimir Tarman, Jože Trontelj, Heikki Setälä, Jože Mencinger, Peter D. A. Boyd, Igor Jerman, Jože Vogrinc, Derek Bell, Barbara Vilhar, Al Vrezec Uvodniki / Leading articles Danilo Türk, predsednik Republike Slovenije, pokrovitelj posveta / the President of the Republic of Slovenia, the patron of the symposium Gregor Mohorčič, direktor Zavoda RS za šolstvo / the director of the National Educational Institute of Slovenia Minka Vičar, predsednica organizacijskega odbora posveta / chair of organizing committee Strokovni pregled / Reviewers Alexis Zrimec, Peter Trontelj, Andreja Barle Lakota, Simona Strgulc Krajšek, Barbara Vilhar, Al Vrezec, Ivan Kos Prevodi / Translators Aleš Kladnik, Jasna Dolenc Koce, Sabina Anžlovar, Barbara Vilhar, Radovan Krajšek, Simona Strgulc Krajšek Urejanje / Editors Simona Strgulc Krajšek, Minka Vičar, Barbara Vilhar Jezikovni pregled / Proofreader Tine Logar Izdal in založil / Publisher Zavod RS za šolstvo Predstavnik / Represented by Gregor Mohorčič Urednica založbe / Editor of the Publishing Centre Mira Turk Škraba Oblikovanje ovitka / Designer Darko Birsa Tisk / Print Present, d. o. o. Naklada / Printrun 600 izvodov / copies Prvi natis / First Edition Ljubljana 2009 CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana 574.1(082) MEDNARODNI posvet Biološka znanost in družba (2009 ; Ljubljana) Biodiverziteta - raznolikost živih sistemov : zbornik prispevkov = Biodiversity - diversity of living systems : proceedings / Mednarodni posvet Biološka znanost in družba, Ljubljana, 1.-2. oktober 2009 = Conference on Bioscience and Society, October 1-2, 2009, Ljubljana, Slovenia ; [organizatorji Zavod RS za šolstvo ... [et al.] = organizers The National Educational Institute ... [et al.] ; avtorji prispevkov Iris Fry ... [et al.] ; uvodniki Danilo Türk ... [et al.] ; prevodi Aleš Kladnik ... [et al.] ; urejanje Simona Strgulc Krajšek, Minka Vičar, Barbara Vilhar]. - 1. natis = 1st ed. - Ljubljana : Zavod RS za šolstvo, 2009 ISBN 978-961-234-826-7 1. Gl. stv. nasl. 2. Vzp. stv. nasl. 3. Fry, Iris 4. Strgulc-Krajšek, Simona 5. Zavod Republike Slovenije za šolstvo 247406848 © Zavod Republike Slovenije za šolstvo, 2009 Vse pravice pridržane. Brez založnikovega pisnega do-voljenja gradiva ni dovoljeno reproducirati, kopirati ali kako drugače razširjati. Ta prepoved se nanaša tako na mehanske (fotokopiranje) kot na elektronske (snemanje ali prepisovanje na kakršen koli pomnilniški medij) oblike reprodukcije. Vse­bi­na / CONTe­NTS Da­ni­lo Türk: Uvodni nagovor predsednika Republike Slovenije / Opening speech of the President of the Republic of Slovenia . 7 Gre­gor Mohorči­č: Uvodni nagovor / Preface . 10 Mi­nka­ Vi­ča­r: Uvod / Introduction . 11 nastanek in evolucija življenja / origin and evolution of life Iri­s Fry: Nastanek življenja na Zemlji: misterij ali znanstveni problem? / The emergence of life on Earth: Mystery or scientific problem? . 13 Eörs Sza­thmáry: Veliki prehodi v evoluciji / The major transitions in evolution . 20 Gora­zd Av­gu­šti­n: Sodobni pogled na drevo življenja: mikrobiologova zgodba / Contemporary view of a tree of life: The microbiologist’s tale . 24 Pe­te­r Tronte­lj: Sistematski pogled na biodiverziteto / A systematic perspective on biodiversity . 29 Ev­a­ Ja­b­lonka­: Gen v kontekstu: od razvojne plastič­nosti do plastič­nega dedovanja / The gene in context: From developmental plasticity to plastic heredity . 36 Volke­r Storch: Sodelovanje – uspešni princip v živem svetu / Cooperation – a successful principle in the living world . 48 Alojzi­j Iha­n: Evolucija imunskega prepoznavanja tujkov / Evolution of immune recognition . 3 evolucija proizvaja biodiverziteto / evolution creates biodiversity Iv­a­n Kos: Vloga vrst v ekosistemskih procesih / Function of species in ecosystem function . 8 Ja­n Ku­e­v­e­r: Evolucija z vidika mikrobov / Evolution and how microbes see it . 61 Bori­s Ske­t: Podzemeljske živali: specializacija in speciacija – poenotenje in popestritev / Subterranean animals: Specialization and speciation – convergence and diversification . 68 Ka­zi­mi­r Ta­rma­n: Zakaj toliko vrst roženastih pršic? / Why so many species of moss mites? . 73 Biodiverziteta in trajnostni razvoj / Biodiversity and sustainable development Jože­ Tronte­lj: O umetni biotski pestrosti č­loveške vrste – etič­ni pomisleki / On man-made biodiversity of the human species – ethical objections . 79 He­i­kki­ Se­tälä: Urbana ekologija – zakaj se njen pomen poveč­uje? / Urban ecology – why is it an increasingly important topic? . 81 Jože­ Me­nci­nge­r: Zasvojenost z gospodarsko rastjo na planetu z omejenimi naravnimi viri / Addiction with economic growth on the planet with limited natural resources . 83 Biološko znanje za 21. stoletje / Biological know­ledge for the 21st century Pe­te­r D. A. Boyd: Mladi Charles Darwin – študent, naravoslovec in vrtnar / The young Charles Darwin – student, naturalist and gardener . 89 Vsebina Contents Igor Je­rma­n: Razvoj biološke misli / Development of biological thought . 104 Jože­ Vogri­nc: Razvoj kulture v naravoslovju in družboslovju – je to eno in isto in kaj, č­e ni? / The evolution of culture in natural and social sciences: Is it the same thing, and what if it isn’t? . 110 De­re­k Be­ll: Biološka izobrazba za 21. stoletje: izobraževanje nove generacije za družbo prihodnosti / Biological education for the 21st century: Educating the next generation for tomorrow’s society. 118 Ba­rb­a­ra­ Vi­lha­r: Evolucija kot osrednji koncept pri pouku biologije / Evolution as the central concept in biology education . 129 Al Vre­ze­c: Koevolucija – medvrstni odnosi kot gonilo evolucijskega razv oja naravnih združb / Coevolution – interspecific interactions as a driving force of natural assemblages evolution . 13 6 Uvodni nagovor častnega pokrovitelja posveta Uvodni nagovor častnega pokrovitelja posveta Da­ni­lo Türk, predsednik Republike Slovenije Letošnji posvet Biološka znanost in družba je obeležen s svetovnim praznova- njem Darwinovega leta 2009: 200. obletnice Darwinovega rojstva in 10. obletni- ce objave njegove knjige O izvoru vrst z naravnim izborom. Darwin je eden najpomembnejših znanstvenikov, ki je postavil temelje sodobne biološke znanosti. Njegova evolucijska teorija je preživela 10 let. Nova spozna- nja sodobne biologije jo nadgrajujejo in dopolnjujejo ter odpirajo nova zanimiva področ­ja znanstvenega raziskovanja, ki ohranjajo njeno relavantnost. Evolucija je dejstvo. Danes ni druge znanstvene razlage za obstoj, razširjenost, enotnost in raznolikost življenja na Zemlji. Odgovori na biološka vprašanja so v evoluciji. »Nič­ v biologiji nima smisla, razen v luč­i evolucije,« kot je dejal Theo- dosius Dobzhansky. Pogoje za preživetje na Zemlji nam zagotavlja biotska raznolikost, ki nastaja v procesu evolucije. V živi naravi nista identič­na niti dva osebka,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Charles Darwin: a Companion
    CHARLES DARWIN: A COMPANION Charles Darwin aged 59. Reproduction of a photograph by Julia Margaret Cameron, original 13 x 10 inches, taken at Dumbola Lodge, Freshwater, Isle of Wight in July 1869. The original print is signed and authenticated by Mrs Cameron and also signed by Darwin. It bears Colnaghi's blind embossed registration. [page 3] CHARLES DARWIN A Companion by R. B. FREEMAN Department of Zoology University College London DAWSON [page 4] First published in 1978 © R. B. Freeman 1978 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the publisher: Wm Dawson & Sons Ltd, Cannon House Folkestone, Kent, England Archon Books, The Shoe String Press, Inc 995 Sherman Avenue, Hamden, Connecticut 06514 USA British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Freeman, Richard Broke. Charles Darwin. 1. Darwin, Charles – Dictionaries, indexes, etc. 575′. 0092′4 QH31. D2 ISBN 0–7129–0901–X Archon ISBN 0–208–01739–9 LC 78–40928 Filmset in 11/12 pt Bembo Printed and bound in Great Britain by W & J Mackay Limited, Chatham [page 5] CONTENTS List of Illustrations 6 Introduction 7 Acknowledgements 10 Abbreviations 11 Text 17–309 [page 6] LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Charles Darwin aged 59 Frontispiece From a photograph by Julia Margaret Cameron Skeleton Pedigree of Charles Robert Darwin 66 Pedigree to show Charles Robert Darwin's Relationship to his Wife Emma 67 Wedgwood Pedigree of Robert Darwin's Children and Grandchildren 68 Arms and Crest of Robert Waring Darwin 69 Research Notes on Insectivorous Plants 1860 90 Charles Darwin's Full Signature 91 [page 7] INTRODUCTION THIS Companion is about Charles Darwin the man: it is not about evolution by natural selection, nor is it about any other of his theoretical or experimental work.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Articles
    Walmsley Crichton-Browne’s biological psychiatry special articles Psychiatric Bulletin (2003), 27,20^22 T. WAL M S L E Y Crichton-Browne’s biological psychiatry Sir James Crichton-Browne (1840^1938) held a uniquely the brothers at the centre of British phrenology in distinguished position in the British psychiatry of his Edinburgh in the 1820s. time. Unburdened by false modesty, he called himself The central proposition of phrenology ^ that ‘the doyen of British medical psychology’ and, in the the brain is the organ of the mind ^ seems entirely narrow sense, he was indeed its most senior practitioner. unremarkable today. In the 1820s, however, it was a At the time of his death, he could reflect on almost half provocative notion with worrying implications for devout a century’s service as Lord Chancellor’s Visitor and a religious people. In Edinburgh, George Combe attached similar span as a Fellow of the Royal Society. great importance to drawing the medical profession into Yet,today,ifheisrememberedatall,itisasanearly an alliance and he pursued this goal with determination proponent of evolutionary concepts of mental disorder and occasional spectacular setbacks. (Crow, 1995). Summarising his decade of research at In 1825, Andrew Combe advanced phrenological the West Riding Asylum in the 1870s, Crichton-Browne ideas in debate at the Royal Medical Society and the proposed that in the insane the weight of the brain furore which followed resulted in the Society issuing writs was reduced, the lateral ventricles were enlarged and the prohibiting the phrenologists from publishing the burden of damage fell on the left cerebral hemisphere in proceedings.
    [Show full text]
  • Darwinian Perspectives on Creativity
    ORIGINS OF GENIUS This page intentionally left blank ~ ORIGINS OF GENIUS ~ Darwinian Perspectives on Creativity Dean Keith Simonton New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1999 Oxford University Press Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogota Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris Sao Paulo Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw and associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 http://www.oup-usa.org Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Simonton, Dean Keith. Origins of genius: Darwinian perspectives on creativity/ Dean Keith Simonton. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-19-512879-6 i. Genius. 2. Creative ability. 3. Darwin, Charles, 1809-1882. I. Title. BF412.S58 1999 153.9'8 — dc2i 98-45044 987654321 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper To all Darwinists This page intentionally left blank Contents ~ Preface IX 1. GENIUS AND DARWIN The Surprising Connections i 2. COGNITION How Does the Brain Create? 25 3. VARIATION Is Genius Brilliant—or Mad? 75 4. DEVELOPMENT Are Geniuses Born—or Made? 109 5. PRODUCTS By What Works Shall We Know Them? 145 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Resources on Charles Darwin, Evolution, and the Galapagos Islands: a Selected Bibliography
    Library and Information Services Division Current References 2009-1 The Year of Darwin 2009 Discovering Darwin at NOAA Central Library: Resources on Charles Darwin, Evolution, and the Galapagos Islands: A Selected Bibliography Prepared by Anna Fiolek and Kathleen A. Kelly U.S. Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service National Oceanographic Data Center NOAA Central Library October 2009 http://www.lib.noaa.gov/researchtools/subjectguides/darwinbib.pdf Contents: Preface …………………………………………………………………. p. 3 Acknowledgment ………………………………………………………. p. 4 I. Darwin Chronology ………………………………………………….. p. 5-6 II. Monographic Publications By or About Charles Darwin ………... p. 7-13 in the NOAA Central Library Network Catalog (NOAALINC) III. Internet Resources Related to Charles Darwin ……. ……………. p. 14-17 And His Science (Including online images and videos) IV. Darwin Science-related Journals in the NOAA Libraries’………. p. 17-18 Network 2 Preface This Bibliography has been prepared to support NOAA Central Library (NCL) outreach activities during the Year of Darwin 2009, including a “Discovering Darwin at NOAA Central Library” Exhibit. The Year of Darwin 2009 has been observed worldwide by libraries, museums, academic institutions and scientific publishers, to honor the 150th anniversary of On the Origin of Species and the 200th anniversary of Charles Darwin’s birth. This Bibliography reflects the library’s unique print and online resources on Charles Darwin, Evolution, and the Galapagos Islands. It includes citations organized “by title” from NOAALINC, the library’s online catalog, and from the library’s historical collections. The data and listings are comprehensive from the 19th century to the present. The formats represented in this resource include printed monographs, serial publications, graphical materials, videos, online full-text documents, a related journal list, and Web resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychiatry in Descent: Darwin and the Brownes Tom Walmsley Psychiatric Bulletin 1993, 17:748-751
    Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes Tom Walmsley Psychiatric Bulletin 1993, 17:748-751. Access the most recent version at DOI: 10.1192/pb.17.12.748 References This article cites 0 articles, 0 of which you can access for free at: http://pb.rcpsych.org/content/17/12/748.citation#BIBL Reprints/ To obtain reprints or permission to reproduce material from this paper, please write permissions to [email protected] You can respond http://pb.rcpsych.org/cgi/eletter-submit/17/12/748 to this article at Downloaded http://pb.rcpsych.org/ on November 25, 2013 from Published by The Royal College of Psychiatrists To subscribe to The Psychiatrist go to: http://pb.rcpsych.org/site/subscriptions/ Psychiatrie Bulle!in ( 1993), 17, 748-751 Psychiatry in descent: Darwin and the Brownes TOMWALMSLEY,Consultant Psychiatrist, Knowle Hospital, Fareham PO 17 5NA Charles Darwin (1809-1882) enjoys an uneasy pos Following this confident characterisation of the ition in the history of psychiatry. In general terms, Darwinian view of insanity, it comes as a disappoint he showed a personal interest in the plight of the ment that Showalter fails to provide any quotations mentally ill and an astute empathy for psychiatric from his work; only one reference to his many publi patients. On the other hand, he has generated deroga cations in a bibliography running to 12pages; and, in tory views of insanity, especially through the writings her general index, only five references to Darwin, all of English social philosophers like Herbert Spencer of them to secondary usages. (Interestingly, the last and Samuel Butler, the Italian School of "criminal of these, on page 225, cites Darwin as part of anthropology" and French alienists including Victor R.
    [Show full text]
  • Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE Biological Society of Washington. WITH THE ADDRESSES READ ON THE OCCASION OF THE DARWIN MEMORIAL MEETING, May 12, 1882. PUBLISHED WITH THE CO-OPERATION OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITITTION. Volume I. November 19, 1880, to May 26, 1882. WASHINGTON: PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY. 18S2. PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. G. BROWN GOODE. RICHARD RATHBUN. LESTER F. WARD. INTRODUCTORY NOTE. This volume of Proceedings is published in obedience to the vote of the Society, passed May 26, 1882. The Biological Soci- ety of Washington was organized December 3, 1880, and at the time of its summer adjournment, in 1882, carries upon its roll the names of one hundred and thirty-nine active members, one hon- orary member, and twenty corresponding members. It has held thirty-one regular meetings, three special meetings, and one field meeting. At its regular meetings fifty-four communications have been presented, nearly all of which, except informal verbal com- munications, have already been published, as is indicated in the bibliographical foot notes. It has inaugurated and, in conjunction with the Anthropological Society, carried on a course of eight popular scientific lectures, four of which were delivered in its special behalf, and all of which were delivered by its members. The meetings of the Society have always been held in rooms provided by the courtesy of the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution ; the first fifteen in the Regents' Room of the Smith- sonian Institution ; the sixteenth to the twenty-fourth in the Archive Room of the National Museum ; the subsequent meetings in the Lecture Room of the Museum. In preparing the proceedings of the Society for publication, the Secretaries have omitted the record of the election of members from the minutes of the several meetings, the information there contained being presented in a much more convenient form in the " List of Members." LIST Council and Officers BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON.
    [Show full text]
  • Galapagos-Islands-Excerpt.Pdf
    l i f e a n d l e g a C y ne of the central reasons that the Galápagos OIslands are well known today is because of a visit in 1835 by Charles Darwin, the father of biological evolution. While his visit to the Galápagos played a role in his development of evolutionary ideas, many other factors also contributed to his ideas. Darwin was raised in a minimally religious home. Although he studied medicine and prepared for the priesthood, he eventually became a naturalist. Darwin’s theological views were greatly impacted by mentors and others throughout his education. These individuals wanted to radically change society because of their belief that God did not exist. 42 In 1831, Darwin was asked to be a naturalist on the Beagle, a ship that would survey and chart coasts all over the world. By this time, Darwin was already convinced that the history presented in the Old Testament was false and thus, the 6,000-year age of the earth inferred from Scripture could not be correct. On the ship Darwin brought with him Charles Lyell’s Principles of Geology. Lyell popularized the idea of uniformitarianism, that present-day geological processes were the same processes that shaped the earth in the past. He dismissed the biblical history of Noah’s catastrophic Flood and was convinced that millions of years of slow processes had formed the earth. Dismissal of the Bible’s history and the endorsement of millions of years of time provided an important foundation for Darwin’s development of evolutionary ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution and Science FBC Student Notes.Pages
    EVOLUTION AND SCIENCE David Cloud Way of Life Literature www.wayofife.org Copyright 2015 Tese studies are from An Unshakeable Faith: An Apologetics Course, 2015 edition. Outline Introduction History of Evolution Darwin Skeptics Today Natural Selection Mutations Billions of Years Ape Men Fossil Record Introduction THE FIERCE BATTLE Churches are losing the youth. An Answers in Genesis survey found that two-thirds of children and teens who regularly attend “conservative” churches are gone by college age. According to an email survey I took in 2010 the average number of youth who drop out of churches that responded is 50%. Titus 1:9-12; we must shut the mouths of the skeptics by refuting their error. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE To protect you Te frst use of apologetics not to convince the unbeliever but to protect the believer, his family, and fellow believers. 1 When we are grounded in apologetics, we are not confused when we hear arguments by evolutionists, atheists, new agers, and cultists, either in person, in print, on the radio or television, or on the Internet. When we visit natural history museums we can see through the error of the displays. Churches must prepare the people to face the onslaught of end-time skepticism and apostasy, but most churches aren’t doing this. Tere are two common failings: (1) churches not careful enough about salvation; (2) churches not serious enough about training and discipleship. It is time to put away more of the games and get serious about these things. To prepare you to help other believers Every believer is to be a teacher (Heb.
    [Show full text]
  • Darwin. a Reader's Guide
    OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES No. 155 February 12, 2009 DARWIN A READER’S GUIDE Michael T. Ghiselin DARWIN: A READER’S GUIDE Michael T. Ghiselin California Academy of Sciences California Academy of Sciences San Francisco, California, USA 2009 SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS Alan E. Leviton, Ph.D., Editor Hallie Brignall, M.A., Managing Editor Gary C. Williams, Ph.D., Associate Editor Michael T. Ghiselin, Ph.D., Associate Editor Michele L. Aldrich, Ph.D., Consulting Editor Copyright © 2009 by the California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ISSN 0068-5461 Printed in the United States of America Allen Press, Lawrence, Kansas 66044 Table of Contents Preface and acknowledgments . .5 Introduction . .7 Darwin’s Life and Works . .9 Journal of Researches (1839) . .11 Geological Observations on South America (1846) . .13 The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs (1842) . .14 Geological Observations on the Volcanic Islands…. (1844) . .14 A Monograph on the Sub-Class Cirripedia, With Figures of All the Species…. (1852-1855) . .15 On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1859) . .16 On the Various Contrivances by which British and Foreign Orchids are Fertilised by Insects, and on the Good Effects of Intercrossing (1863) . .23 The Different Forms of Flowers on Plants of the Same Species (1877) .
    [Show full text]
  • Flannery2018.Pdf
    Nature’s Prophet ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE and His Evolution from Natural Selection to Natural Theology MICHAEL A. FLANNERY The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa 2018 Contents Preface ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 1. Wallace on Man 14 2. The Spirit of Science 28 3. Darwin’s Heretic 52 4. The Science of Spirit 68 5. Wallace’s Integrated World 99 6. Divided Legacy 122 7. Wallace Today 144 Epilogue. Wallace and the Historian’s Craft 162 Appendix. The Evolution of Alfred Russel Wallace: Three Representative Essays 167 Notes 197 Bibliography 237 Index 253 Frontispiece. Sketch by A. Webster of Alfred Russel Wallace that first appeared in the Full Report of the International Workers’ Congress, London, July and August 1896; courtesy of the University of Edinburgh, Special Collections, SD 8400. The old argument from design in Nature, as given by Paley, which formerly seemed to me so conclusive, fails, now that the law of natural selection has been discovered. There seems to be no more design in the variability of organic beings, and in the action of natural selection, than in the course which the wind blows. —Charles Darwin, Autobiography My contribution is made as a man of science, as a naturalist, as a man who studies his surroundings to see where he is. And the con- clusion I reach in my book [The World of Life] is this: That every- where, not here and there, but everywhere, and in the very smallest operations of nature to which human observation has penetrated, there is Purpose and a continual Guidance and Control.
    [Show full text]
  • UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Dredging Evolutionary
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Dredging Evolutionary Theory: the emergence of the deep sea as a transatlantic site for evolution, 1853-1876 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in History (Science Studies) by Rodolfo John Alaniz Committee in charge: Cathy Gere, Chair Tal Golan, Co-Chair Luis Alvarez Kelly Gates Mark Hanna Lynn Nyhart Cheryl Peach 2014 Copyright Rodolfo John Alaniz, 2014 All rights reserved. The dissertation of Rodolfo John Alaniz is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-Chair Chair University of California, San Diego 2013 iii DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to the late Philip F. Rehbock. We never met in person. I started my research after your passing. However, my colleagues speak of you with great fondness and admiration. Your writing has inspired me and convinced me that our words touch the lives of others long after we have passed on. iv EPIGRAPH Organic life beneath the shoreless waves was born and nurs'd in ocean's pearly caves First forms minute, unseen by spheric glass move on the mud, or pierce the watery mass As these successive generations bloom, new powers acquire, and larger limbs assume; whence countless groups of vegetation spring, and breathing realms of fin, and feet, and wing - Erasmus Darwin, The Temple of Nature 18031 1 Erasmus Darwin, The Temple of Nature (1803; reprint, Menston, Yorkshire: The Scholar Press Limited, 1973), 26-27. The original footnote reads, “Beneath the shoreless waves, l. 295. The earth was originally covered with water, as appears from some of its highest mountains, consisting of shells cemented together by a solution of part of them..
    [Show full text]
  • Celebrating Hugh Miller
    Photo: Andrew Dowsett Bust by William Brodie, 1857, in birthplace cottage, Cromarty (NTS). CELEBRATING THE LIFE AND TIMES OF HUGH MILLER Scotland in the Early 19th Century Ethnography & folklore, geology & natural history, church & society Edited by Lester Borley Copyrights © The Editor & Contributors severally 2003 Published by the Cromarty Arts Trust & the Elphinstone Institute of the University of Aberdeen with the financial support of Scottish Natural Heritage and Ross & Cromarty Enterprise * A collection of papers presented at an international conference held in Cromarty from 10-12 October 2002, to celebrate the bicentenary of Hugh Miller. Organised by the Cromarty Arts Trust in collaboration with the Elphinstone Institute of the University of Aberdeen and the Highland Theological College. * Under the patronage of Dr James Hunter, Rt Hon Lord Mackay of Clashfern, Mrs Marian McKenzie Johnston, Dr John Nightingale of Cromarty, Mrs Anne Short, Professor Duncan Rice and Professor Roger Wheater. ISBN NB insert number in black before printing, or delete this whole line Foreword Dr John Nightingale Chairman, Cromarty Arts Trust Hugh Miller used his understanding of fossils to transport his readers back in time to witness a spell-binding spectacle of the creation and unfolding of the world in geo- logical time. The papers collected in this bicentenary volume similarly use Hugh Miller’s life and writings to open up the great issues of geology, church and society, and ethnography in Scotland in the first half of the nineteenth century – a period of great scientific discoveries, revolution in the church, and of clearances, emigration, urbani- sation and rapid social change. Miller’s ability to combine the skills of a Highland story-teller with the visual imagery of new technologies of panoramas and dioramas to dramatise his subject may be hard to match, but these papers leave readers in no doubt that this period was every bit as formative as the Scottish Enlightenment.
    [Show full text]