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Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Hydroxides. Part II. Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium Hydroxides

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Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Hydroxides. Part II. Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium Hydroxides Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Hydroxides. Part II. Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium Hydroxides Cite as: Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 26, 1031 (1997); https:// doi.org/10.1063/1.555996 Submitted: 21 July 1995 . Published Online: 15 October 2009 L. V. Gurvich, G. A. Bergman, L. N. Gorokhov, V. S. Iorish, V. Ya. Leonidov, and V. S. Yungman ARTICLES YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Hydroxides. Part 1. Lithium and Sodium Hydroxides Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 25, 1211 (1996); https:// doi.org/10.1063/1.555982 JANAF Thermochemical Tables, 1974 Supplement Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 3, 311 (1974); https:// doi.org/10.1063/1.3253143 Thermodynamic Properties of the Group IA Elements Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 23, 385 (1994); https:// doi.org/10.1063/1.555945 Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 26, 1031 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555996 26, 1031 © 1997 American Institute of Physics and American Chemical Society. Thermodynamic Properties of Alkali Metal Hydroxides. Part II. Potassium, Rubidium, and Cesium Hydroxides L. V. Gurvich,a) G. A. Bergman, L. N. Gorokhov, V. S. Iorish, V. Ya. Leonidov, and V. S. Yungman Thermocenter of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya st. 13/19, IVTAN, Moscow 127412, Russia Received July 21, 1995; revised manuscript received February 21, 1997 The data on thermodynamic and molecular properties of the potassium, rubidium and cesium hydroxides have been collected, critically reviewed, analyzed, and evaluated. + Tables of the thermodynamic properties @C p , F°52(G°2H°(0)/T, S°, H°2H°~0!, DfH°, DfG°)] of these hydroxides in the condensed and gaseous states have been cal- culated using the results of the analysis and some estimated values. The recommenda- tions are compared with earlier evaluations given in the JANAF Thermochemical Tables and Thermodynamic Properties of Individual Substances. The properties considered are: the temperature and enthalpy of phase transitions and fusion, heat capacities, spectro- scopic data, structures, bond energies, and enthalpies of formation at 298.15 K. The thermodynamic functions in solid, liquid, and gaseous states are calculated from T50to 2000 K for substances in condensed phase and up to 6000 K for gases. © 1997 Ameri- can Institute of Physics and American Chemical Society. @S0047-2689~97!00204-3# Key words: bond energy, dissociation energy, enthalpy, enthalpy of formation, entropy, fusion, heat capacity, hydroxides, molecular ~vibrational! constants and structure, phase transition, thermodynamic properties. Contents 4. Cesium Hydroxide.......................... 1082 1. Introduction................................ 1033 4.1. Cesium Hydroxide in Condensed Phases..... 1082 1.1. References for Introduction............... 1034 4.1.1. Heat Capacity and Enthalpy 2. Potassium Hydroxide........................ 1034 Measurements of CsOH~cr&liq!...... 1082 2.1. Potassium Hydroxide in Condensed Phases. 1034 4.1.2. Enthalpy of Formation of CsOH~cr!. 1085 2.1.1. Heat Capacity and Enthalpy 4.1.3. Appendix. Tables of Experimental Measurements of KOH~cr&liq!....... 1034 and Evaluated Data for CsOH~cr!..... 1086 2.1.2. Enthalpy of Formation of KOH~cr!.... 1039 4.2. Cesium Hydroxide in Gaseous Phase....... 1091 2.1.3. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 4.2.1. Cesium Hydroxide Monomer......... 1091 and Evaluated Data for KOH~cr!. 1040 4.2.2. Appendix. Tables of Experimental and Evaluated Data for CsOH g ...... 1097 2.2. Potassium Hydroxide in Gaseous Phase. 1046 ~ ! 4.2.3. Cesium Hydroxide Dimer........... 1100 2.2.1. Potassium Hydroxide Monomer....... 1046 4.2.4. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 2.2.2. Appendix. Tables of Experimental and Evaluated Data for @CsOH# ~g!.... 1103 and Evaluated Data for KOH~g!...... 1055 2 5. Recommendations for Future Measurements..... 1106 2.2.3. Potassium Hydroxide Dimer......... 1059 6. Acknowledgments.......................... 1106 2.2.4. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 7. References for Potassium, Rubidium, and and Evaluated Data for KOH g .... 1065 @ #2~ ! Cesium Hydroxides......................... 1106 3. Rubidium Hydroxide........................ 1068 3.1. Rubidium Hydroxide in Condensed Phases... 1068 3.1.1. Heat Capacity and Enthalpy List of Tables 1. Smoothed heat capacity of KOH @70STU/HIL#... 1040 measurements of RbOH~cr&liq!...... 1068 2. Experimental heat capacity of KOH 3.1.2. Enthalpy of Formation of RbOH~cr!... 1070 @88WHI/PER#.............................. 1041 3.1.3. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 3. Experimental enthalpy values and Evaluated Data for RbOH~cr!..... 1071 H°~T!2H°~273.15 K! of KOH @54POW/BLA#... 1041 3.2. Rubidium Hydroxide in Gaseous Phase...... 1073 4. Smoothed heat capacity and enthalpy values of 3.2.1. Rubidium Hydroxide Monomer....... 1073 KOH @71GIN/GUB#, @71GIN#................. 1042 3.2.2. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 5. Comparison of the heat capacity, enthalpy, and Evaluated Data for RbOH~g!..... 1076 entropy, and enthalpy of formation values 3.2.3. Rubidium Hydroxide Dimer.......... 1078 for KOH~cr! at 298.15 K..................... 1042 3.2.4. Appendix. Tables of Experimental 6. Temperature of transitions of KOH............. 1042 and Evaluated Data for @RbOH#2~g!. 1081 7. Temperature of fusion of KOH................ 1043 8. Enthalpy of b – g transformation of KOH....... 1043 a!Deceased. 9. Enthalpy of fusion of KOH................... 1043 0047-2689/97/26(4)/1031/80/$18.001031 J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, Vol. 26, No. 4, 1997 1032 L. V. GURVICH ET AL. 10. Thermal functions of KOH~cr! below 298.15 K. 1043 36. Bond lengths (Å), angle ~deg!, and vibrational 11. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal frequencies ~cm21) of RbOH in the ground functions of KOH~cr&liq! calculated in the electronic state............................. 1074 present work and in @82GUR/VEI, 37. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal 85CHA/DAV#.............................. 1043 functions of RbOH~g! calculated in the present 12. The enthalpy of formation of KOH~cr! from work and in @82GUR/VEI#................... 1075 measurements of the enthalpies of solution of 38. Results of determination of DfH°~RbOH,g, 0 K!, potassium hydroxide in water................. 1044 kJ mol21.................................. 1076 13. Thermodynamic properties at 0.1 MPa: 39. Thermodynamic properties at 0.1 MPa: RbOH~g!.. 1077 KOH~cr&liq!............................... 1045 40. Bond lengths (Å), angles ~deg!, and vibrational 14. Bond lengths (Å), bond angle deg , and 21 ~ ! frequencies ~cm )ofRb2O2H2in the ground 21 frequencies ~cm ) of KOH in the ground electronic state............................. 1079 electronic state............................. 1046 41. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal 15. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal functions of Rb2O2H2~g! calculated in the functions of KOH~g! calculated in the present present work and in @82GUR/VEI#............. 1080 work and in @82GUR/VEI, 85CHA/DAV#....... 1050 42. Results of determination of DfH°~Rb2O2H2,g, 0 16. Partial pressure of KOH~g! over KOH~liq!, K!, kJ mol21............................... 1081 @82FAR/SRI#............................... 1055 43. Thermodynamic properties at 0.1 MPa: 17. Partial pressures of KOH~g!,K~g!, and OH~g! Rb2O2H2~g!................................ 1081 for the reaction KOH~g! 5 K~g! 1 OH~g!, 44. Smoothed heat capacity of CsOH @87JAC/ @82FAR/SRI#............................... 1055 MAC2#................................... 1086 18. Partial pressure of KOH~g! over KOH~liq!, 45. Experimental heat capacity values of CsOH @84HAS/ZMB#............................. 1056 @90KON/COR#............................. 1087 19. Total vapor pressure over potassium hydroxide, 46. Experimental enthalpy values H°~T!2H°~298.15 21WAR/ALB ............................. 1056 @ # K! of CSOH @90KON/COR#.................. 1087 20. Apparent vapor pressure of potassium hydroxide, 47. Comparison of the heat capacity, enthalpy, @74KUD#.................................. 1056 entropy, and enthalpy of formation values 21. Apparent vapor pressure over potassium for CsOH~cr! at 298.15 K.................... 1088 hydroxide, @88KON/COR2#................... 1056 48. Temperatures of phase transformations of CsOH.. 1088 22. Results of experimental determination of 49. Temperature of fusion of CsOH............... 1088 D H°~KOH,g, 0 K!, kJ mol21................. 1057 f 50. Enthalpy of b – g transition of CsOH........... 1088 23. Thermodynamic properties at 0.1 MPa: 51. Enthalpy of fusion of CsOH.................. 1088 KOH~g!................................... 1058 52. Thermal functions of CsOH~cr! below 298.15. 1089 24. Bond lengths (Å), angles ~deg!, and vibrational 53. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal frequencies ~cm21)ofKOH in the ground 2 2 2 functions of CsOH cr&liq calculated in the electronic state............................. 1061 ~ ! present work and in 82GUR/VEI, 25. Differences ~JK21 mol21) between the thermal @ 85CHA/DAV#.............................. 1089 functions of K2O2H2~g! calculated in the present work and in @82GUR/VEI, 85CHA/DAV#....... 1062 54. The enthalpy of formation of CsOH~cr! from measurements of the enthalpies of solution of 26. Partial pressure of K2O2H2~g! over KOH~liq!, @84HAS/ZMB#............................. 1065 cesium hydroxide in water.................... 1089 27. Results of experimental determination of 55. Reaction scheme and results of determination of 21 the enthalpy of formation of CsOH~cr!, obtained
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