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Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013

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Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 The United Republic of Tanzania IRINGA RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE 2013 December, 2013 The United Republic of Tanzania IRINGA RURAL DISTRICT COUNCIL SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE, 2013 Jointly prepared by Ministry of Finance, National Bureau of Statistics and Iringa Rural District Council National Bureau of Statistics Iringa Rural District Council Dar es Salaam Iringa Region December, 2013 Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 Foreword The goals of Tanzania‟s Development Vision 2025 are in line with United Nation‟s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and are pursued through the National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP) or MKUKUTA II. The major goals are to achieve a high-quality livelihood for the people, attain good governance through the rule of law and develop a strong and competitive economy. To monitor the progress in achieving these goals, there is need for timely and accurate data and information at all levels. Problems especially in rural areas are many and demanding. Social and economic services require sustainable improvement. The high primary school enrolment rates recently attained have to be maintained and so is the policy of making sure that all pupils who pass standard seven examinations join Form One. The food situation is still precarious; infant and maternal mortality rates continue to be high and unemployment triggers mass migration of youths from rural areas to the already overcrowded urban centres. Added to the above problems, is the menace posed by HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of which hinders efforts to advance into the 21st century of science and technology. The pandemic has been quite severe among the economically active population leaving in its wake an increasing number of orphans, broken families and much suffering. AIDS together with environmental deterioration are the new developmental problems which cannot be ignored. i Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 Our efforts to meet both the new and old challenges are hampered by many factors including ill prepared rural development programs followed by weak implementation, monitoring and supervision of these programs. The shortcomings in policy formulation, project identification, design and implementation due to the lack of reliable and adequate data and information on the rural development process have to be addressed to. The availability of reliable, adequate and relevant qualitative and quantitative data and information at district level is a prerequisite for the success of the formulating, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of districts‟ development programs. Iringa Rural District prepares this Socio-Economic by using its own funds. The publication of the Iringa Rural District Social-Economic Profile series by the Ministry of Finance in collaboration with the National Bureau of Statistics and District Management Team should be viewed as a modest attempt towards finding solutions to the existing problem of data and information gap at district level. The District Profile covers a wide range of statistics and information on geography, population, social-economic parameters, social services, economic infrastructure, productive sectors and cross cutting issues. Such data have proved vital to many policy makers, planners, researchers, donors and functional managers. This Iringa Rural District Socio Economic Profile has taken advantage of the experience gained in the production of the Regional and District Socio Economic Profiles covering the whole country. It provides valuable information to our clients. Constructive views and criticisms are invited from readers to enable a ii Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 profile like this become a better tool in the implementation of the country‟s policies. I would like to take this opportunity to acknowledge with thanks, the contribution made by the Iringa Rural District Council Director‟s Office, National Bureau of Statistics and other staff of Iringa Rural District who devoted their time to ensure the successful completion of this assignment. Pudensiana Kisaka District Executive Director December, 2013 iii Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 Table of Contents Foreword ...................................................................................................................... i List of Table .................................................................................................................... xi List of Figure .................................................................................................................. xxi List of Map ................................................................................................................ xxiii Acronyms ................................................................................................................ xxiv CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................ 1 Land, Climate, Agro-Ecological Zones and People ........................................................ 1 1.0 An Overview ............................................................................................... 1 1.1 Geographical Location ................................................................................ 1 1.2 Land Area, Land Use Pattern and Administrative Units ............................. 2 1.2.1 Land Area and Land Use Pattern ................................................................ 2 1.2.2 Administrative Units ................................................................................... 3 1.3 Climate and Soils ........................................................................................ 5 1.3.1 The Midland Zone ....................................................................................... 5 1.3.2 The Lowland Zone ...................................................................................... 5 1.3.3 Topography ................................................................................................. 6 1.4 Drainage System ......................................................................................... 6 1.5 Agro – Ecological Zones (AEZ) ................................................................. 6 1.6 Population .................................................................................................... 7 1.6.1 Ethnic Groups .............................................................................................. 7 1.6.2 Population Size and Growth ........................................................................ 7 1.6.3 Population Density ...................................................................................... 9 1.6.4 Population Trend ....................................................................................... 10 1.6.5 Dependency Ratio ..................................................................................... 11 1.6.6 Population Distribution and Sex Ratio ...................................................... 12 1.6.7 Households and Household Size ............................................................... 15 iv Iringa Rural District Council Socio-Economic Profile 2013 CHAPTER TWO ............................................................................................................. 17 District Economy ............................................................................................................. 17 2.0 Introduction ............................................................................................... 17 2.1 GDP and Per Capita GDP ......................................................................... 17 2.2 Poverty Indicators ..................................................................................... 18 2.2.1 Income Poverty Rate, Poverty Gap and Gini Coefficient ......................... 18 2.2.2 Main Sources of Cash Income .................................................................. 19 2.2.3 Health Indicators ....................................................................................... 20 2.2.4 Literacy Rate and Level of Education ....................................................... 20 2.2.5 Food Security ............................................................................................ 21 2.2.6 Food Consumption Patterns ...................................................................... 22 2.2.6.1 Number of Meals per Day ......................................................................... 22 2.2.6.2 Protein (Meat and Fish) Consumption Frequencies .................................. 23 2.2.7 Access to Clean Drinking Water ............................................................... 25 2.2.8 Types of Toilets ......................................................................................... 26 2.2.9 Roofing Materials ...................................................................................... 27 2. 2.10 Sources of Lighting Energy ....................................................................... 28 2.2.11 Sources of Energy for Cooking ................................................................. 29 2.2.12 Land Development .................................................................................... 30 CHAPTER THREE ........................................................................................................ 32 Productive Sectors ..........................................................................................................
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