DOCSLIB.ORG

Zuzana Čaplová

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Zuzana Čaplová UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO DIPARTIMENTO DI SCIENZE BIOMEDICHE PER LA SALUTE Dottorato Di Ricerca in Ricerca Biomedica Integrata XXX Ciclo Coordinatore Prof. Chiarella Sforza MORPHOLOGY OF THE FACE AS A POSTMORTEM PERSONAL IDENTIFIER PhD Thesis Zuzana Čaplová Matricola R11104 Tutor: Prof. Chiarella Sforza Co-Tutor: Prof. Cristina Cattaneo and Assoc.Prof. PeaDr. RNDr. Stanislav Katina, Ph.D. Anno Accademico 2016-2017 Acknowledgment I would like to thank all of you who accompanied me on this journey. Thank you for you care, love and support, thank you for brightening my rainy days and for making me smile. Especially, I would like to thank to Professor Cristina Cattaneo and Professor Chiarella Sforza for their enthusiasm, drive, and professionality. Together they have supported me and led me through the last years to become a better researcher and better person. Special acknowledgment belongs to Assoc.Prof. PeaDr. RNDr. Stanislav Katina, Ph.D. for warm welcome and help during my period in Brno. My work would not be possible without the support of all from LABANOF - Davide, Francesca, Annalisa, Danilo, and Debora. Very special thank you belongs to Dr. Pasquale Poppa for his never-ending support and believing in me. Similarly, to Dr. Daniele M. Gibelli for his professional inputs. Great THANK YOU is for you, Dr. Zuzana Obertova, for being my professional role model, my friend and my kind of person. Thank you, Lucie Biehler Gomez, for all the moments we have spent together and all the discussions. I wish you a great success! I would also like to thank colleagues from the doctoral program, especially Elisa Castoldi and Valentina Pucciarelli. Last but not least, I would like to thank all my friends and family in Slovakia for listening all my complaints and happy stories, and for their eternal support. And mostly, thank you, Anton, for giving up a lot to be with me in the last years. Thank you. Ďakujem. INDEX INDEX ............................................................................................................................... 1 List of abbreviations ......................................................................................................... 4 Landmark definitions ........................................................................................................ 5 List of full-text publications ............................................................................................... 6 Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 7 Outline of thesis ............................................................................................................... 8 Aim of the thesis............................................................................................................................. 9 1. Forensic identification of the deceased .................................................................... 11 1.1. Disaster Victim Identification ............................................................................................. 13 1.2. Primary and secondary means of identification .................................................................. 15 1.3. Other possibilities of identification .................................................................................... 21 1.3.1. Visual identification of deceased ........................................................................................ 26 1.3.1.1. Human ability to recognize faces .................................................................................... 31 1.3.1.2. Reliability of facial recognition of deceased persons on photographs ........................... 36 Material and methods ..................................................................................................................... 38 Results ............................................................................................................................................. 40 Discussion ........................................................................................................................................ 43 1.3.1.3. Limitations of use of images of the deceased ................................................................. 45 1.3.1.3.1. Quantitative analysis of early decomposition changes ............................................... 46 Material and methods ................................................................................................................. 47 Results and discussion ................................................................................................................. 48 1.3.2. Identification based on specific facial/body areas .............................................................. 54 1.3.3. Biometrics ............................................................................................................................ 55 1.3.4. AM/PM dental superimposition .......................................................................................... 58 1.4. Chapter summary .............................................................................................................. 61 2. Forensic identification of living ................................................................................. 62 2.1. Identification methods ...................................................................................................... 63 2.1.1. Eyewitness identification..................................................................................................... 64 1 2.1.2. Specific facial parts .............................................................................................................. 65 2.1.3. Morphological and metrical comparison ............................................................................ 67 2.1.3.1. Morphological Atlas ..................................................................................................... 67 Material and methods ................................................................................................................. 68 Results ......................................................................................................................................... 70 2.1.3.2. Photo-anthropometry and superimposition ............................................................... 75 2.1.3.3. Comparison of 2D images ............................................................................................ 78 2.1.3.4. Comparison of 3D images ............................................................................................ 83 2.1.3.5. Comparison of 2D and 3D images ............................................................................... 90 2.2. Changes in facial morphology........................................................................................... 105 2.2.1. Age-related changes of adult face ..................................................................................... 106 2.2.1.1. Extrinsic ageing .......................................................................................................... 107 2.2.1.2. Intrinsic ageing .......................................................................................................... 107 2.2.2. Moles on age-different images of children ....................................................................... 110 Materials and methods ................................................................................................................. 110 Results ........................................................................................................................................... 113 Discussion ...................................................................................................................................... 116 2.3. Chapter summary ............................................................................................................ 118 3. Three-dimensional scanning of the faces of the deceased ........................................ 119 3.1. Data collection ................................................................................................................ 120 3.2. Shape index ..................................................................................................................... 124 Restrictions ........................................................................................................................................ 126 Results ............................................................................................................................................... 129 3.3. Landmarking ................................................................................................................... 130 Landmarking Quality Control ............................................................................................................ 132 Quality Control – results .................................................................................................................... 133 Repeated Landmarking...................................................................................................................... 134 Repeated Landmarking Quality Control ............................................................................................ 134 Repeated Quality Control – results ................................................................................................... 135 3.4. Assessment
Load more

Recommended publications
  • City Zoning & Subdivision Ordinances
    Printed via Website Updated 1/3/20 CITY ZONING & SUBDIVISION ORDINANCES (Updated: January 3, 2020) Printed via Website Updated 1/3/20 CITY ZONING & SUBDIVISION ORDINANCE INDEX Updated: January 3, 2020 SECTION 1. Title and Application Subd. 1. Title ..................................................................................... 1-1 Subd. 2. Intent and Purpose .............................................................. 1-1 Subd. 3. Relation to Comprehensive Municipal Plan ....................... 1-1 Subd. 4. Standard, Requirement ....................................................... 1-1 Subd. 5. Interpretations and Application .......................................... 1-1 Subd. 6. Conformity .......................................................................... 1-1 Subd. 7. Building Permit Conformity ............................................... 1-2 Subd. 8. Uses Not Provided For Within Zoning Districts ................ 1-2 Subd. 9. Authority ............................................................................. 1-2 Subd. 10. Separability ....................................................................... 1-2 Subd. 11. Rules ................................................................................. 1-2 SECTION 2. Definitions Subd. 1-197. .......................................................................... 2-1 – 2-24 SECTION 3. General Provisions Subd. 1. Nonconforming Buildings, Structures and Uses ................ 3-1 Subd. 2. General Building and Performance Requirements ............. 3-9 Subd.
    [Show full text]
  • Seeing the Queerness of Ec-Static Images
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University Communication Dissertations Department of Communication Fall 12-2013 Oblique Optics: Seeing the Queerness of Ec-static Images Kristopher L. Cannon Georgia State University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_diss Recommended Citation Cannon, Kristopher L., "Oblique Optics: Seeing the Queerness of Ec-static Images." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2013. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/communication_diss/48 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Communication at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Communication Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OBLIQUE OPTICS: SEEING THE QUEERNESS OF EC-STATIC IMAGES by KRISTOPHER L. CANNON Under the Direction of Alessandra Raengo ABSTRACT Oblique Optics contends that studies of visual culture must account for the queerness of images. This argument posits images as queer residents within visual culture by asking how and where the queerness of images becomes visible. These questions are interrogated by utilizing queer theories and methods to refigure how the image is conceptualized within traditional approaches to visual culture studies and media studies. Each chapter offers different approaches to see the queerness of images by torquing our vision to see "obliquely," whereby images are located beyond visible surfaces (like pictures or photographs) through ec-static movements within thresholds between bodies and beings. Chapter One rethinks how images are conceptualized through metaphorical language by exploring how images emerge from fantasies about will-be-born bodies in fetal photographs.
    [Show full text]
  • Video Scrambling for Privacy Protection in Video Surveillance – Recent Results and Validation Framework Frederic Dufaux
    Video Scrambling for Privacy Protection in Video Surveillance – Recent Results and Validation Framework Frederic Dufaux To cite this version: Frederic Dufaux. Video Scrambling for Privacy Protection in Video Surveillance – Recent Results and Validation Framework. Mobile Multimedia/Image Processing, Security and Applications, SPIE, Apr 2011, Orlando, United States. hal-01436403 HAL Id: hal-01436403 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01436403 Submitted on 10 Jan 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Video Scrambling for Privacy Protection in Video Surveillance – Recent Results and Validation Framework Frederic Dufaux Laboratoire de Traitement et Communication de l’Information – UMR 5141 CNRS Télécom ParisTech F-75634 Paris Cedex 13, France [email protected] ABSTRACT The issue of privacy in video surveillance has drawn a lot of interest lately. However, thorough performance analysis and validation is still lacking, especially regarding the fulfillment of privacy-related requirements. In this paper, we first review recent Privacy Enabling Technologies (PET). Next, we discuss pertinent evaluation criteria for effective privacy protection. We then put forward a framework to assess the capacity of PET solutions to hide distinguishing facial information and to conceal identity.
    [Show full text]
  • A User-Selectable Obscuration Framework to Censor Digital Videos for Children and Adolescents
    A User-selectable Obscuration Framework to Censor Digital Videos for Children and Adolescents Jiayan GUO, David LEONG, Jonathan SIANG, and Vikram BAHL School of Infocomm, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore ABSTRACT storyline of the film. Such harmful content is still accessible to the viewers. The children thus are exposed to There is an increasing concern from parents, educators a vast amount of inappropriate media content. and policy-makers about the negative influence that digital media exerts on children and adolescents. Such According to the Singapore Censorship Review concerns have fueled a growing need to effectively filter Committee 2010 report [2], parents are encouraged to take potentially harmful content. However, existing responsibility to protect their children against the negative technologies have limited ability in allowing users to aspects of media proliferation. In order to guide their adjust the filtering levels, or generating seamless cutting children on digital media consumption, parents have to be results. To tackle this limitation, we propose a framework empowered with effective tools to filter sex, violence and which empowers parents and teachers to censor movies profanity out of the digital media. However, existing tools and TV shows according to their level of acumen and have limited capabilities to effectively block potentially discretion. Such framework helps parents and teachers harmful content. Presently, ClearPlay and MovieMask are protect children and adolescents against obscene content. the two forefront computer programs that cleanse movies In particular, our framework enables parents and teachers containing offensive scenes. Their technologies are built to sanitize movies and TV shows by skipping over onto stand-alone DVD players and other video devices.
    [Show full text]
  • JS., SL, and LC V. Village Voice Media Holdings
    NOTICE: SLIP OPINION (not the court’s final written decision) The opinion that begins on the next page is a slip opinion. Slip opinions are the written opinions that are originally filed by the court. A slip opinion is not necessarily the court’s final written decision. Slip opinions can be changed by subsequent court orders. For example, a court may issue an order making substantive changes to a slip opinion or publishing for precedential purposes a previously “unpublished” opinion. Additionally, nonsubstantive edits (for style, grammar, citation, format, punctuation, etc.) are made before the opinions that have precedential value are published in the official reports of court decisions: the Washington Reports 2d and the Washington Appellate Reports. An opinion in the official reports replaces the slip opinion as the official opinion of the court. The slip opinion that begins on the next page is for a published opinion, and it has since been revised for publication in the printed official reports. The official text of the court’s opinion is found in the advance sheets and the bound volumes of the official reports. Also, an electronic version (intended to mirror the language found in the official reports) of the revised opinion can be found, free of charge, at this website: https://www.lexisnexis.com/clients/wareports. For more information about precedential (published) opinions, nonprecedential (unpublished) opinions, slip opinions, and the official reports, see https://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions and the information that is linked there. This opinion was fll~. r r~ /F·I-I:E\ at B tao fl1'Vl on ph ~~c ts- IN CLERKS OFFICE IUPReMe COURT, STATE OF W«\SSII«mltf DATE SEP 0 3 2Q15 .
    [Show full text]
  • Bruce Davis, March 17 2015 Chair, Ontario Film Review Board Ministry
    2 Carlton Street, Suite 1306 Toronto, Ontario M5B 1J3 Tel: (416) 595-0006 Fax: (416) 595-0030 E-mail: [email protected] alPHa’s members are the public health units in Ontario. Bruce Davis, March 17 2015 Chair, Ontario Film Review Board Ministry of Government and Consumer Services alPHa Sections: Consumer Protection Branch, Boards of Health 4950 Yonge St. Section Toronto ON M2N 6K1 Council of Ontario Medical Officers of Dear Mr. Davis, Health (COMOH) Re: Tobacco in Movies – Background Papers Affiliate Organizations: On behalf of the Council of Ontario Medical Officers of Health (COMOH) Smoke- ANDSOOHA - Public Free Movies Working Group, I am pleased to provide you with a binder of Health Nursing selected materials that we believe make a clear case for reducing the exposure of Management youth to tobacco imagery in films. Association of Ontario Public Health Business Administrators We hope that the evidence that we have provided here is helpful in convincing you, your colleagues and the film industry at large about the importance of this Association of issue and of the simple interventions that are available to start saving countless Public Health Epidemiologists lives. in Ontario We are extremely appreciative of your willingness to engage with us on this issue Association of Supervisors of Public in recent weeks and your receptiveness to discussions of how to move toward Health Inspectors of acceptable and effective solutions. Ontario Health Promotion Best regards, Ontario Ontario Association of Public Health Dentistry Ontario Society of Nutrition Professionals Dr. Charles Gardner, in Public Health Medical Officer of Health, Simcoe-Muskoka District Health Unit Lead, COMOH Smoke-Free Movies Working Group.
    [Show full text]
  • Xiang Being Seen Vs Mis-Seen
    [DRAFT VERSION: PLEASE DO NOT DISTRIBUTE WITHOUT FIRST CONSULTING AUTHOR] BEING “SEEN” VS. “MIS-SEEN”: TENSIONS BETWEEN PRIVACY AND FAIRNESS IN COMPUTER VISION ALICE XIANG ABSTRACT The rise of AI technologies has been met with growing anxiety over the potential for AI to create mass surveillance systems and entrench societal biases. These concerns have led to calls for greater privacy protections and fairer, less biased algorithms. An under-appreciated tension, however, is that privacy protections and bias mitigation efforts can sometimes conflict in the context of AI. For example, one of the most famous and influential examples of algorithmic bias was identified in the landmark Gender Shades paper,1 which found that major facial recognition systems were less accurate for women and individuals with deeper skin tones due to a lack of diversity in the training datasets. In an effort to remedy this issue, researchers at IBM created the Diversity in Faces (DiF) dataset, 2 which was initially met with a positive reception for being far more diverse than previous face image datasets. 3 DiF, however, soon became embroiled in controversy once journalists highlighted the fact that the dataset consisted of images from Flickr. 4 Although the Flickr images had Creative Commons licenses, plaintiffs argued that they had not consented to having their images used in facial recognition training datasets. 5 In part due to this controversy, IBM announced it would be discontinuing its facial recognition program. 6 Other companies that used the DiF dataset were also sued. 7 This example highlights the tension that AI technologies create between representation vs.
    [Show full text]
  • History Highway
    THE HISTORY HIGHWAY THE HISTORY HIGHWAY A 21st Century Guide to Internet Resources Fourth Edition Edited by Dennis A. Trinkle and Scott A. Merriman M.E.Sharpe Armonk, New York London, England Copyright © 2006 by M.E. Sharpe, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher, M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 80 Business Park Drive, Armonk, New York 10504. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The history highway : a 21st-century guide to Internet resources / [edited by] Dennis A. Trinkle and Scott A. Merriman.— 4th ed. p. cm. Rev. ed. of: The history highway 3.0. 3rd ed. c2002. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7656-1630-0 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. History—Computer network resources. 2. Internet. 3. History—Research— Methodology. 4. History—Computer-assisted instruction. I. Title: The history highway. II. Trinkle, Dennis A., 1968– III. Merriman, Scott A., 1968– IV. History highway 3.0 D16.117.A14 2006 025.06’90983—dc22 2005033335 Printed in the United States of America The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z 39.48-1984. ~ BM (c)10987654321 In honor of the next generation, Caroline Bradshaw Merriman and John Thomas Trinkle, and the one before, especially Gayle Trinkle Contents Acknowledgments xi Introduction xiii Part I. Getting Started 1 1. The Basics 3 History of the Internet 3 Uses of the Internet 5 Sending and Receiving E-Mail 5 E-mail Addresses 5 E-mail Security 12 Reading and Posting Messages on Newsgroups 13 Reading and Posting Messages on Discussion Lists 14 Word of Warning About Discussion Lists 15 Blogging 15 Logging Onto a Remote Computer With Telnet 16 Transferring Files With File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 16 Browsing the World Wide Web 17 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Image Processing in Multimedia Applications
    Journal of Information and Operations Management ISSN: 0976–7754 & E-ISSN: 0976–7762 , Volume 3, Issue 1, 2012, pp-188-190 Available online at http://www.bioinfo.in/contents.php?id=55 IMAGE PROCESSING IN MULTIMEDIA APPLICATIONS MANISH JOSHI CMCA, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, U.P., India *Corresponding Author: Email- [email protected] Received: December 12, 2011; Accepted: January 15, 2012 Abstract- Image Processing in Multimedia Applications treats a number of critical topics in multimedia systems, with respect to image and video processing techniques and their implementations. These techniques include the Image and video compression techniques and stand- ards, and Image and video indexing and retrieval techniques. Image Processing is an important tool to develop a Multimedia Application. Citation: Manish Joshi (2012) Image Processing in Multimedia Applications. Journal of Information and Operations Management ISSN: 0976–7754 & E-ISSN: 0976–7762, Volume 3, Issue 1, pp-188-190. Copyright: Copyright©2012 Manish Joshi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. In electrical engineering and computer science, image processing the form of multidimensional systems. Many of the techniques of is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, digital image processing, or digital picture processing as it often such as a photograph or video frame; the output of image pro- was called, were developed in the 1960s at the Jet Propulsion cessing may be either an image or, a set of characteristics or pa- Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bell Laborato- rameters related to the image.
    [Show full text]
  • Before the U.S
    Before the U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS In the matter of Exemption to Prohibition on Circumvention of Copyright Protection Systems for Access Control Technologies Under 17 U.S.C. 1201 Docket No. 2014-07 Comments of Electronic Frontier Foundation and Organization for Transformative Works1 1. Commenter Information: Corynne McSherry Elizabeth Rosenblatt Mitch Stoltz Rebecca Tushnet Kit Walsh Organization for Transformative Works Electronic Frontier Foundation 2576 Broadway, Suite 119 815 Eddy Street New York, NY 10025 San Francisco, CA 94109 (310) 386-4320 (415) 436-9333 x 122 [email protected] [email protected] The EFF is a member-supported, nonprofit public interest organization devoted to maintaining the balance that copyright law strikes between the interests of copyright owners and the interests of the public. Founded in 1990, EFF represents thousands of dues-paying members, including consumers, hobbyists, computer programmers, entrepreneurs, students, teachers, and researchers, who are united in their reliance on a balanced copyright system that ensures adequate protection for copyright owners while facilitating innovation, access to information and new creativity. The OTW is a nonprofit organization established in 2007 to protect and defend fanworks from commercial exploitation and legal challenge. “Fanworks” are new, noncommercial creative works based on existing media. The OTW’s nonprofit website hosting transformative noncommercial works, the Archive of Our Own, has over 400,000 registered users and
    [Show full text]
  • The Value of Network Neutrality for the Internet of Tomorrow Luca Belli, Primavera De Filippi
    The value of Network Neutrality for the Internet of Tomorrow Luca Belli, Primavera de Filippi To cite this version: Luca Belli, Primavera de Filippi. The value of Network Neutrality for the Internet of Tomorrow: Report of the Dynamic Coalition on Network Neutrality. 2013. hal-01026096 HAL Id: hal-01026096 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01026096 Submitted on 19 Jul 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. The Value of Network Neutrality for the Internet of Tomorrow The Value of Network Neutrality for the Internet of Tomorrow Report of the Dynamic Coalition on Network Neutrality Edited by Luca Belli & Primavera De Filippi Preface by Marietje Schaake TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .........................................................................................................................................1 A NEW ARRIVAL IN THE IGF FAMILY: THE DYNAMIC COALITION ON NETWORK NEUTRALITY............1 The Interest of Creating a Dynamic Coalition on Network Neutrality ..............................................1 An Action Plan ...............................................................................................................................2
    [Show full text]
  • JS V. Village Voice Media Holdings, LLC, 184 Wash.2D 95
    J.S. v. Village Voice Media Holdings, L.L.C., 184 Wash.2d 95 (2015) 359 P.3d 714, 43 Media L. Rep. 2346 184 Wash.2d 95 West Headnotes (9) Supreme Court of Washington, En Banc. [1] Appeal and Error J.S., S.L., and L.C., Respondents, De novo review v. A trial court's ruling to dismiss a claim for VILLAGE VOICE MEDIA HOLDINGS, failure to state a claim is reviewed de novo. CR L.L.C., d/b/a/ Backpage.com and 12(b)(6). Backpage.com, L.L.C., Petitioners, 1 Cases that cite this headnote and Baruti Hopson and New Times Media, L.L.C., d/b/a/ Backpage.com, Defendants. [2] Appeal and Error Failure to state claim, and dismissal No. 90510–0. therefor | When reviewing a trial court's ruling on Argued Oct. 21, 2014. a motion to dismiss for failure to state a | claim, the Supreme Court accepts as true the Decided Sept. 3, 2015. allegations in a plaintiff's complaint and any reasonable inferences therein. CR 12(b)(6). Synopsis Background: Minors who were featured in advertisements 3 Cases that cite this headnote for sexual services brought action against operators of website, alleging negligence, outrage, sexual exploitation of children, ratification/vicarious liability, unjust [3] Pretrial Procedure enrichment, invasion of privacy, sexual assault and Insufficiency in general battery, and civil conspiracy. The Superior Court, Pierce Pretrial Procedure County, Susan K. Serko, J., denied operators' motion to Matters considered in general dismiss. Operators sought discretionary review, which was Motions to dismiss for failure to state a claim granted.
    [Show full text]