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Home , A (Cyrillic), Be (Cyrillic), Combining character, Cyrillic numerals, De (Cyrillic), En (Cyrillic)

Slavonic Computing Initiative Shafarik Documentation Compiled by Nikita Simmons and Aleksandr Andreev. Version 1.0, February 27, 2020. Shafarik1 , named after Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795–1861), Slovak-born scholar and one of the founders of modern Slavic philology, is specialized font intended for an academic presentation of Old (OCS) texts written in both the Cyrillic or Glagolitic .2 Since OCS texts have several differences in presentation from the methodology used for later Church Slavonic () texts, the user should become familiar with these particular details of font usage. One of the convenient flexible features of the Shafarik font is the ability to graphically represent variant forms without changing the base values of individual letters. This allows for more accurately reproducing OCS texts where there is a diversity of textual forms, without sacrificing the ability to alphabetically sort the text or search for a word using base letter values. This is accomplished by a letter (or number) or even a whole word or , and then applying a Stylistic (ss01, ss02, etc.) or a Stylistic Alternate (salt). (In LibreOffice, in the small window at the top which displays the active font “Shafarik”, one can apply the Stylistic Sets or Stylistic Alternate by adding a suffix, so that the font name is changed to “Shafarik:ss01”, “Shafarik:ss02” or “Shafarik:salt”, etc.) Since the Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts each have their own specific characteristics, this documentation will divided into two parts. PART 1: CYRILLIC 1. Numbers One of the most notable differences between OCS and CS is the formation or composition of numerals, which are derived from the forms of Byzantine . The numerals are divided into lower and higher numerals, with the “teens” being an exceptional category. (Please that the formation of numbers in the Glagolitic is more complex and variable than the Cyrillic numbers, and there is not a consistent correspondence of letter values used in the two systems. Glagolitic numbers are treated as a separate system.)

1.. The Lower Numerals (1-999, except the “Teens”) Lower numerals in OCS Cyrillic texts can be typeset in two different ways, using either the or Vzmet .3 It is strongly advised that the user should closely examine the original manuscript or text source to determine which symbol is authentically used. While the use of one symbol over another

1) The stress is placed on the first , Shafarik. See: Словарь собственных имён русского языка. Ed. by . Algeenko. Moscow, 2010. 2) The design of this font was based on several freeware available on the Internet, but all original designs have undergone significant development during the course of our work with a wide variety of period manuscripts and incunabula. 3) Unicode considers +0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo and U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet to be functionally equivalent, differing only in their visual appearance: [◌҃ versus versus ◌꙯ ] (see 7.4 of the Unicode standard: “In manuscripts, … , titlo, and its archaic typographical alternate vzmet are all used more or less interchangeably”). Note that while the Titlo (◌҃ )versus is used in both OCS and CS typography, the Vzmet (◌꙯ ) should only be used with OCS texts. may not be semantically different, should always strive to avoid introducing an anachronistic feature into a period text. In the majority of OCS period manuscripts, the Titlo or Vzmet symbol is stretched all the way across three or four letters in the formation of larger numbers. (This feature will be presented below.) a) Using the Combining Cyrillic Titlo: U+0483 ◌҃ versus . OCS numerals can be formed with the Titlo symbol in the same manner as they are typeset in later CS texts. ) Using the Combining Cyrillic Vzmet: U+A66F ◌꙯ . In general, OCS numbers are more commonly formed by using the Vzmet symbol. OCS numerals between 1 and 9,999 are often bounded or enclosed by the Middle (U+00B7 Middle Dot ·). The use of the Middle Dot as a number marker is not attested with numbers above 9,999. The following lower case letters are used as numerals when they are presented together with the Vzmet, and are enclosed by the Middle Dot. Note the historical variant forms for some letters.

1 ·а꙯ · 10 ·і꙯· versus꙯· ·ї 100 ·р꙯ · 2 ·в꙯ · 20 ·к꙯ · 200 ·с꙯ · 3 ·г꙯ · 30 ·л꙯ · 300 ·т꙯ · 4 ·д꙯ · 40 ·м꙯ · 400 ·у꙯ · versus꙯ · ·ѵ 54 ·е꙯ · 50 ·н꙯ · 500 ·ф꙯ · 6 ·ѕ꙯ · versus꙯ ·ꙅ· 60 ·ѯ꙯ · 600 ·х꙯ · 7 ·ꙁ꙯ · versus꙯ ·з· 70 ·о꙯ · 700 ·ѱ꙯ · 8 ·и꙯ · 80 ·п꙯ · 800 ·ѿ· versus ·ѡ꙯ · 9 ·ѳ꙯ · 90 ·ч꙯ · versus ·ч꙯ · ·versus ҁ꙯ · 9005 ·ц꙯ · versusѧ · ꙯ · versus꙯ ·ꙙ· versus ·ꙙ꙯ · In the cases where the Titlo or Vzmet in numerals needs to balance across multiple characters, the font offers some solutions. a) Titlo or Vzmet over Two Characters. For 2-letter numeric formations, a double version of the Titlo or Vzmet may be used. Though Unicode does not encode a double titlo or a double vzmet, we have encoded these as follows: for a double titlo, use U+0360 Combining Double ; for a double vzmet, use U+0361 Combining Double Inverted . Note that the combining is placed between the two letters.

Titlo: 2-letter ·т͠м· Vzmet: 2-letter ·т͡м·

4) OCS uses U+0435 Cyrillic Small Letter Ie “е” for the numbers 5, 15, etc., rather than the wide “є” (U+0454 Cyrillic Small Letter Ukrainian Ie) which is used in modern CS texts. 5) The alternate letter used for the numeral 900 represents the influence of the . “ꙙ” is a Stylistic Alternate (salt) of the letter “ꙙ” (U+A659 Cyrillic Small Letter Closed Little ). b) For Titlo over Multiple Characters. Combining characters spanning three and four letters are not encoded in Unicode. However, Unicode encodes portions (components) that can be placed over each individual character. To form a “multiple” titlo, U+FE2E Combining Cyrillic Titlo Left Half versus ◌︮ is placed over the first letter, U+FE26 Combining Conjoining ◌︦ versus is placed over any middle characters, and U+FE2F Combining Cyrillic Titlo Right Half versus ◌︯versusis placed over the last character: а versus +versus◌ ︮ versus (titlo left half) + в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯titloversusleft◌︦ versus (titlo left half) + ︯ в +◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯conjoiningversus◌ versus (titlo left →half) а︮в︦г︯ +в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯titloversusа ︮ г︦︯ This method can often produce poor results, especially if the characters under the titlo have different heights or widths. Note: There is also at present no method to display a vzmet (rather than a tilto) over multiple characters. Note Further: The implementation of Titlo Halves in LibreOffice seems to be buggy. ) “Fall-back” Solutions. It is possible to use the standard default Titlo or Vzmet symbol, placed over only one of the letters (as in later CS usage), or over each of the letters (although this solution tends to look “amateurish”). For example: ҂а҃ смв· versus versus҂а꙯ смв versus҂а versus ҃ с҃ м҃ в҃ · versus҂а versus ꙯ с꙯ м꙯ в꙯

1.ii. The “Teens” (11-19) The numerals 11-19 in OCS texts are typeset in the same manner as in modern CS, with the numeral 10 following the lower numbers. Note that where CS fonts place a Titlo over the first of the two letters, OCS stretches the Vzmet so that it balances evenly over both letters, using a system of contextual substitution lookups that are built into the font so that the user doesn’ need to be concerned with their implentation (а versus꙯ +versus◌ versus→ а︮в︦г︯ +versusіа꙯і). (The Cyrillic “teens” are the only set of double letters in the Shafarik font which are provided with precomposed forms which include the Vzmet.)

11 versus versus·а꙯і· 14 versus versus·д꙯і· 17 versus versus ·ꙁ꙯і··з꙯і· 12 versus versus·в꙯і· 15 versus versus·е꙯і· 18 versus versus·и꙯і· 13 versus versus·г꙯і· 16 versus versus ·ѕ꙯і··ꙅ꙯і· 19 versus versus·ѳ꙯і·

NB: in the rare instance if the user does not want the vzmet to automatically stretch over the characters (а꙯ versus і), the character U+200C Zero Width Non Joiner may be inserted between the characters to prevent ligation. 1.iii. The Higher Numerals (1,000 and above) Most of the higher numbers have variant historical forms, since there was a lack of consensus and uniformity in the presentation of these infrequently-used (and often theoretical) numerals. These alternative forms are provided via Stylistic Sets (ss01 and ss02). [NOTE: The use of the Stylistic Sets is the preferred method of text display, as these pre-composed forms have been designed to be absolutely precise in the combination of the two elements and to be more visually compact. The “” forms have less ascent and descent, making them more “printer friendly” and less prone to overlap with preceding and proceeding lines of text. For example: versus а҉ versus (with “ss”) versus а ҉ versus versus (titlo left half)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯composedversusnormally).]).] The higher numbers are as follows:

A) The Thousands Sign (ты́сѧща) can be rendered in two different ways: as a separate character (as it is always done in CS texts: ҂а), or attached (ligated) to the following letter (i.., numeral) which it “modifies”. The attached form is provided via Stylistic Set 1 (҂а), while an alternate attached form is provided via Stylistic Set 2 (҂а). (See the table below.) As discussed above, most period manuscripts stretch the Titlo or Vzmet all the way across three or four characters in the formation of larger numerals, but there is no official rule in this matter. The Middle Dot can be used with the numerals 1,000-9,999, but the original source should always be one’ guide for usage. When an authentic model is lacking, we offer the following generic guideline: It makes more sense to use the Middle Dot only at the end of the character sequence (for example: ҂а҃ слд· versus ), since it it appears to be visually redundant as an initial numeral marker ( ·҂а҃ слд· );versus the Thousands Sign and the Titlo or Vzmet already indicate that this is a numeral. Thousands Sign: U+0482 Cyrillic Thousands Sign ҂ ss01: versus (titlo left half) + в + ◌︦ (conjoining macron)+г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯justversusapply).]thess01togetligatedforms) ҂ ss02: versus (titlo left half) + в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯alternateversusligatedforms) ҂ Value: 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 alt. 7,000 alt. 8,000 9,000 a) versus With versus theversusTitlo: default: ҂а҃ · ҂в҃ · ҂г҃ · ҂д҃ · ҂е҃ · ҂ѕ҃ · ҂ꙅ҃ · ҂ꙁ҃ · ҂з҃ · ҂и҃ · ҂ѳ҃ · sso1: ҂а҃ · ҂в҃ · ҂г҃ · ҂д҃ · ҂е҃ · ҂ѕ҃ · ҂ꙅ҃ · ҂ꙁ҃ · ҂з҃ · ҂и҃ · ҂ѳ҃ · ss02: ҂а҃ · ҂в҃ · ҂г҃ · ҂д҃ · ҂е҃ · ҂ѕ҃ · ҂ꙅ҃ · ҂ꙁ҃ · ҂з҃ · ҂и҃ · ҂ѳ҃ · b) versus With versus theversusVzmet: default: ҂а꙯ · ҂в꙯ · ҂г꙯ · ҂д꙯ · ҂е꙯ · ҂ѕ꙯ · ҂ꙅ꙯ · ҂ꙁ꙯ · ҂з꙯ · ҂и꙯ · ҂ѳ꙯ · sso1: ҂а꙯ · ҂в꙯ · ҂г꙯ · ҂д꙯ · ҂е꙯ · ҂ѕ꙯ · ҂ꙅ꙯ · ҂ꙁ꙯ · ҂з꙯ · ҂и꙯ · ҂ѳ꙯ · ss02: ҂а꙯ · ҂в꙯ · ҂г꙯ · ҂д꙯ · ҂е꙯ · ҂ѕ꙯ · ҂ꙅ꙯ · ҂ꙁ꙯ · ҂з꙯ · ҂и꙯ · ҂ѳ꙯ · B) The Ten Thousands Sign (тма̀, versus тьма̀), as well as all of the following symbols, are entered following the character that they modify, since they combine with (or attach to) the preceding character. Stylistic Set 1 offers a slightly more compact or “tighter” version; these optimized forms are of benefit to publishers who find that the added enclosing symbols may ascend and descend too far beyond the default “line ” of the paragraph. Ten Thousands Sign: U+20DD Combining Enclosing Circle ⃝ ss01: ⃝ default: а ⃝ в ⃝ г ⃝ д ⃝ е ⃝ ѕ ⃝ ꙅ ⃝ ꙁ ⃝ з ⃝ и ⃝ ѳ⃝ sso1: а⃝ в⃝ г⃝ д⃝ е⃝ ѕ⃝ ꙅ⃝ ꙁ⃝ з⃝ и⃝ ѳ⃝

C) The Hundred Thousands Sign (легеѡ́нъ versus or versusнесвѣ́дь) functions analogously to the previous character. Hundred Thousands Sign: U+0488 Combining Cyrillic Hundred Thousands Sign ҈ ss01: ҈ default: а ҈ в ҈ г ҈ д ҈ е ҈ ѕ ҈ ꙅ ҈ ꙁ ҈ з ҈ и ҈ ѳ ҈ ss01: а҈ в҈ г҈ д҈ е҈ ѕ҈ ᒈ ҈ з҈ и҈ ѳ҈

D) The Millions Sign (леѡ́дръ) is similar to the others, but has an additional alternate form, accessed using Stylistic Set 2. Millions Sign: U+0489 Combining Cyrillic Millions Sign ҉ ss01: ҉ ss02: ҉ default: а ҉ в ҉ г ҉ д ҉ е ҉ ѕ ҉ ꙅ ҉ ꙁ ҉ з ҉ и ҉ ѳ ҉ ss01: а҉ в҉ г҉ д҉ е҉ ѕ҉ ᒉ ҉ з҉ и҉ ѳ҉ ss02: а҉ в҉ г҉ д҉ е҉ ѕ҉ ᒉ ҉ з҉ и҉ ѳ҉

E) The Ten Millions Sign (вра́нъ versus orversusво́ронъ) likewise has two alternate forms (Stylistic Sets 1 and 2). Ten Millions Sign: U+A670 Combining Cyrillic Ten Millions Sign ꙰ ss01: ꙰ ss02: ꙰ default: а ꙰ в ꙰ г ꙰ д ꙰ е ꙰ ѕ ꙰ ꙅ ꙰ ꙁ ꙰ з ꙰ и ꙰ ѳ ꙰ ss01: а꙰ в꙰ г꙰ д꙰ е꙰ ѕ꙰ ᙰ ٰ з꙰ и꙰ ѳ꙰ ss02: а꙰ в꙰ г꙰ д꙰ е꙰ ѕ꙰ ᙰ ٰ з꙰ и꙰ ѳ꙰ F) The Hundred Millions Sign (коло́да) also has two alternate forms (Stylistic Sets 1 and 2). Hundred Millions Sign: U+A671 Combining Cyrillic Hundred Millions Sign ꙱ ss01: ꙱ ss02: ꙱ default: а ꙱ в ꙱ г ꙱ д ꙱ е ꙱ ѕ ꙱ ꙅ ꙱ ꙁ ꙱ з ꙱ и ꙱ ѳ ꙱ з꙱ и꙱ ѳ꙱ ٱ ss01: а꙱ в꙱ г꙱ д꙱ е꙱ ѕ꙱ ᙱ з꙱ и꙱ ѳ꙱ ٱ ss02: а꙱ в꙱ г꙱ д꙱ е꙱ ѕ꙱ ᙱ

G) The Thousand Millions Sign (тма̀ теversus ́мъ, versusтьма̀ теversus ́мъ) also has two alternate forms (Stylistic Sets 1 and 2). While these numbers can be found in a few grammar books, there is disagreement regarding their usage. (It appears that the only original textual evidence of its use is in a list of numbers, where one thousand million is oddly presented as ы ꙲.) Thousand Millions Sign: U+A672 Combining Cyrillic Thousand Millions Sign ꙲ ы ꙲ ss01: ꙲ ы ꙲ ss02: ꙲ ы꙲ default: а ꙲ в ꙲ г ꙲ д ꙲ е ꙲ ѕ ꙲ ꙅ ꙲ ꙁ ꙲ з ꙲ и ꙲ ѳ ꙲ з꙲ и꙲ ѳ꙲ ٲ ss01: а꙲ в꙲ г꙲ д꙲ е꙲ ѕ꙲ ᙲ з꙲ и꙲ ѳ꙲ ٲ ss02: а꙲ в꙲ г꙲ д꙲ е꙲ ѕ꙲ ᙲ 2. Additional lookups for Old Church Slavonic used in the Shafarik font:

2.1. A precomposed form of U+0456 Cyrillic Byelorussian-Ukrainian I with titlo (this will form automatically as the characters are typeset in sequence): і versus҃ +versus◌ versus> versus versus і҃

2.2. Variant forms of some characters are available via Stylistic Alternates (SALT) feature (in LibreOffice, change the font name to “Shafarik:salt”) Нн > Нн Чч > Чч Ꙑꙑ > Ꙑꙑ Ѥѥ > Ѥѥ Ꙙꙙ > Ꙙꙙ

2.3. Additional ligatures are formed by inserting the Zero Width Joiner (U+200D):6 Н‍Г, н‍гversus Н versus +versusZWJ versusГ +versus ;versus versus н versus +versusZWJ versus +versusг ан‍г҃ лъ а‍у а versus + Zversus WJ versusу +versus ра‍уⷣисѧ л‍у л versusZ +versus WJ versus +versusу аллил‍уїꙗ т‍в т versusZ +versus WJ versus +versusв сот‍вори

2.4. Double-titla (two idiomatic usages for specific words, and one generic usage): ◌蹵 ◌ⷣ versus◌ +versus ꙵ ра蹵 ◌ꧪ҇ ◌ⷪ versusⷪ +versus◌ versus +versus◌҇ прꧪркъ҇ ◌꩷҇ ◌ⷪ versus +versus◌ꙷ versus +versus◌҇ т꩷҇

6) When typesetting texts in LibreOffice, it seems that adding the Zero Width Joiner from the character picker does not work (a bug in LibreOffice!). One can enter the character by codepoint by typing Ctrl+Shift+U, then 200D, Enter, or from the Russian Extended by typing Alt+Shift 1. See the keyboard documentation for more information. 3. Additional OCS Symbols In addition to the standard symbols used in later periods of Church Slavonic, OCS also makes use of several additional symbols, some of which are stylistic variants (which may have been encoded in Unicode or may be accessible in the font as stylistic alternates), and some of which are ornamental punctuation forms. In many instances, these symbols are used merely as text or decoration, but they may also be used in place of standard punctuation. These symbols are used in both Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts.

Punctuation Symbols

U+00B7 · Middle Dot The Elevated Period or Middle Dot (·), which is derived from Greek use, signifies a type of pause or stop or line separation in stichometry. It is also used as a numeral marker (see above). It is not recommended to use the U+2027 Hyphenation · or U+2219 Operator ·, as these have different properties and functions in Unicode. U+2022 • Bullet Manuscripts often make use of a heavier version of the elevated period (the Bullet •) when a or period is intended. U+2E34 ⸴ Raised U+2E49 ⹉ Double Stacked Comma This can be combined with the Raised Comma: ⸴⹉⸴ U+205A ⁚ Two Dot Punctuation U+205D ⁝ Tricolon U+205E ⁞ Vertical Four Dots U+2056 ⁖ Three Dot Punctuation U+10FB ჻ Paragraph Separator Used in Cyrillic and Glagolitic, not just Georgian. U+2E2A ⸪ Two Dots Over One Dot Punctuation U+2E2B ⸫ One Dot Over Two Dots Punctuation U+2058 ⁘ Four Dot Punctuation U+205B ⁛ Four Dot Mark U+2E2C ⸬ Squared Four Dot Punctuation U+2059 ⁙ Five Dot Punctuation U+2E2D ⸭ Five Dot Mark Introductory Symbols U+00A7 § U+00B6 ¶ Sign U+F0135 ĵ Decorative Section Sign Only available in the PUA U+F0136 Ķ Decorative Section Sign Only available in the PUA U+261E ☞ White Right Pointing Finger Ending Symbols U+007E ~ Tilde The Ending Symbols are typically paired with a or Three Dot Punctuation for a decorative effect: :~ versus versus⁖~ U+2053 ⁓ Swung :⁓ versus⁖⁓ versus U+223B ∻ Homothetic :∻ versus versus⁖∻ U+223C ∼ Tilde Operator :∼ versus versus⁖∼ U+223D ∽ Reversed Tilde :∽ versus versus⁖∽ U+2241 ≁ Not Tilde :≁ versus versus⁖≁ U+2E43 ⹃ Dash With Left Upturn May be used alone or as versus :⹃ versus versus⁖⹃ đ Decorative End Mark (salt) Available as salt of U+2E43 or via PUA at U+F0111 May be used alone or as versus :đ versus⁖ versus đ Crosses U+203B ※ U+205C ⁜ Dotted Cross U+2626 ☦ Orthodox Cross U+271A ✚ Heavy Greek Cross U+2720 ✠ Maltese Cross U+F0134 Ĵ Decorative Cross Only available in the PUA U+EDFF  Decorative Cross Only available in the PUA Other Symbols U+2E46 ⹆ Inverted Low Kavyka With Kavyka Above U+2E48 ⹈ Low Kavyka With Dot PART 2: GLAGOLITIC 1. Introduction There are several resources available on the Internet to help the font user become familiarized with the Glagolitic script. While it is not the purpose of this documentation to list these resources, we recommend the following documents, which provide a good start: Glagolitic Script: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitic_script Glagolitic (Unicode Block): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glagolitic_(Unicode_block) List of Glagolitic Manuscripts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Glagolitic_manuscripts Relationship of Cyrillic and Glagolitic Scripts: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relationship_of_Cyrillic_and_Glagolitic_scripts See also: Omniglot: Glagolitic alphabet and pronunciation: https://www.omniglot.com/writing/glagolitic.htm Test for Unicode support in Web browsers: http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/glagolitic.html http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/et03.html https://sites.google.com/site/seesscm/glagolitic-script Глаголица - Многоочитая азбука - http://www.rbardalzo.narod.ru/4/glag.html https://www.garshin.ru/linguistics/scripts/alphabet/vocalic/hellenic-abc/cyrillic/glagolic.html

2. Glagolitic Script Styles a) The standard Glagolitic character set is the Round Glagolitic script (Okrugla glagoljica), which is an idealized reproduction of a style of handwriting used in Glagolitic manuscripts from the late 10th to early 12th centuries, mostly from Bulgaria. This is encoded at U+2C00 through U+2C5F. b) A style used in Croatian manuscripts starting in the 13th century and known as the Angular (or Square) Glagolitic script (Uglata glagoljica) has been encoded in the Private Use Area at U+F0200 through U+F025F. These glyphs may be accessed by turning on the font feature Stylistic Set 3 (ss03). c) The version of the Angular Glagolitic Script used in printed editions in Kosinj and Venice in the 15th and 16th centuries is known as “Angular Glagolitic Missal Script” or “Missal Angular Glagolitic Script”. These glyphs have been encoded in the Private Use Area at U+F0270 through U+F02CF, and may be accessed by turning on the font feature Stylistic Set 4 (ss04). For a comparison of the Round, Angular and Missal Angular scripts, see Table A below. ) In addition, there is a “Triangular Script” (Trokutasta glagoljica) used for stone inscriptions and other decorative uses, based on a geometric combination of lines going through a circle to form triangular shaped letters. (For a methodical presentation, see: https://repozitorij.ffos.hr/islandora/object/ffos%3A2944/datastream/PDF/view). This form of Glagolitic is not supported in the Shafarik font. e) In later periods of the use of Glagolitic, two types of miniscule evolved (Knjiška kurzivna glagoljica, Kancelarijska kurzivna glagoljica), both of which include the use of ligatures. See https://glagoljica.stin.hr/ for a presentation of the lettering styles of Glagolitic: Okrugla glagoljica, Uglata glagoljica, Trokutasta glagoljica, Knjiška kurzivna glagoljica, and Kancelarijska kurzivna glagoljica. See also: www.zigh.at/fileadmin/user_upload/media/Platforma_za_mlade/FBA-novo__2_. f) A true Cursive lettering style likewise evolved, but documentation is difficult to find. (For an example, see: http://www.croatianhistory.net/gif/razvod.jpg). Skoropis and cursive forms are likewise not provided in the Shafarik font.

3. Standard set of characters Glagolitic Range: 2C00–2C5F (Capital Letters and Small Letters, Round Glagolitic Script) Glagolitic Capital Letters Glagolitic Small Letters U+2C00 AZU Ⰰ U+2C30 AZU ⰰ U+2C01 BUKY Ⰱ U+2C31 BUKY ⰱ U+2C02 VEDE Ⰲ U+2C32 VEDE ⰲ U+2C03 GLAGOLI Ⰳ U+2C33 GLAGOLI ⰳ U+2C04 DOBRO Ⰴ U+2C34 DOBRO ⰴ U+2C05 YESTU Ⰵ U+2C35 YESTU ⰵ U+2C06 ZHIVETE Ⰶ U+2C36 ZHIVETE ⰶ U+2C07 DZELO Ⰷ U+2C37 DZELO ⰷ U+2C08 ZEMLJA Ⰸ U+2C38 ZEMLJA ⰸ U+2C09 IZHE Ⰹ U+2C39 IZHE ⰹ U+2C0A INITIAL IZHE Ⰺ U+2C3A INITIAL IZHE ⰺ U+2C0B I Ⰻ U+2C3B I ⰻ U+2C0C DJERVI Ⰼ U+2C3C DJERVI ⰼ U+2C0D KAKO Ⰽ U+2C3D KAKO ⰽ U+2C0E LJUDIJE Ⰾ U+2C3E LJUDIJE ⰾ U+2C0F MYSLITE Ⰿ U+2C3F MYSLITE ⰿ U+2C10 NASHI Ⱀ U+2C40 NASHI ⱀ U+2C11 ONU Ⱁ U+2C41 ONU ⱁ U+2C12 POKOJI Ⱂ U+2C42 POKOJI ⱂ U+2C13 RITSI Ⱃ U+2C43 RITSI ⱃ U+2C14 SLOVO Ⱄ U+2C44 SLOVO ⱄ U+2C15 TVRIDO Ⱅ U+2C45 TVRIDO ⱅ U+2C16 UKU Ⱆ U+2C46 UKU ⱆ U+2C17 FRITU Ⱇ U+2C47 FRITU ⱇ U+2C18 HERU Ⱈ U+2C48 HERU ⱈ U+2C19 OTU Ⱉ U+2C49 OTU ⱉ U+2C1A Ⱊ U+2C4A PE ⱊ U+2C1B SHTA Ⱋ U+2C4B SHTA ⱋ U+2C1C TSI Ⱌ U+2C4C TSI ⱌ U+2C1D CHRIVI Ⱍ U+2C4D CHRIVI ⱍ U+2C1E Ⱎ U+2C4E SHA ⱎ U+2C1F YERU Ⱏ U+2C4F YERU ⱏ U+2C20 YERI Ⱐ U+2C50 YERI ⱐ U+2C21 YATI Ⱑ U+2C51 YATI ⱑ U+2C22 SPIDERY HA Ⱒ U+2C52 SPIDERY HA ⱒ U+2C23 Ⱓ U+2C53 YU ⱓ U+2C24 SMALL YUS Ⱔ U+2C54 SMALL YUS ⱔ U+2C25 SMALL YUS WITH TAIL Ⱕ U+2C55 SMALL YUS WITH TAIL ⱕ U+2C26 Ⱖ U+2C56 YO ⱖ U+2C27 IOTATED SMALL YUS Ⱗ U+2C57 IOTATED SMALL YUS ⱗ U+2C28 BIG YUS Ⱘ U+2C58 BIG YUS ⱘ U+2C29 IOTATED BIG YUS Ⱙ U+2C59 IOTATED BIG YUS ⱙ U+2C2A Ⱚ U+2C5A FITA ⱚ U+2C2B Ⱛ U+2C5B IZHITSA ⱛ U+2C2C SHTAPIC Ⱜ U+2C5C SHTAPIC ⱜ U+2C2D TROKUTASTI A Ⱝ U+2C5D TROKUTASTI A ⱝ U+2C2E LATINATE MYSLITE Ⱞ U+2C5E LATINATE MYSLITE ⱞ U+2C2F CAUDATE CHRIVI Ⱟ U+2C5F CAUDATE CHRIVI ⱟ

4. Remarks on Problematic Characters in the Unicode Glagolitic Block 1) The letter “Fert” in the later Angular Glagolitic is patterned directly after the Cyrillic form and has a vertical middle line [Cyrillic: Ф versus фversus, Glagolitic: Ⱇ versus ⱇ]; this is the form accessible via ss03 and ss04. On the other hand, the older Round Glagolitic script (the default character set in the Shafarik font) usually did not exhibit a significant difference between the shape of the letter “Fert” and “Fita”; in general usage, the shape of “Fert” was a more squared-off version of “Fita”, and the center line was horizontal for BOTH letters (Fert: Ⱇ versus ⱇ versus , Fita: Ⱚ versus ⱚ); this is the form provided by default. versus However, some Glagolitic documents (such as the Assemani Gospel) used the Greek-derived sign Phi ( Ⱇ versus ⱇ) instead of the ‘Ⱇⱇ’ form; this form is available via the Stylistic Alternates (salt) feature or from the PUA at U+EC66/U+EC77. 2) The Shtapic ( Ⱜ versus ⱜ )versus is an alternate form of the “” (the semi-vowels or “poluglasny”), and can signify either a hard or . It can be transliterated into OCS Cyrillic as U+A64E Cyrillic Capital Letter Neutral , U+A64F Cyrillic Small Letter Neutral Yer (Ꙏ versus ꙏ),), orintomodernCyrillicLatin versus or versus intoversusmodernCy).]rillic versus orLatin text versus as U+02B9 Modifier Letter , U+02BA Modifier Letter Double Prime to indicate an indefinite mutation of the preceding consonant7. It is essentially a Glagolitic Yerok/Payerok. 3) The Trokutasti A ( Ⱝ versus ⱝ )versus is an unfortunate addition of an alternate letter form (a Stylistic Alternative) which is found in the Trokutasti (Triangular) style of lettering. 4) The Latinate Myslite ( Ⱞ versus ⱞ versus ) is another unfortunate addition of an alternate letter form. Observing that the regular character form of the Myslite (Round: Ⰿⰿ, versus Angular: versus ɿʯ, versus Alt-1: versus , versus Alt- 2: versus ) is overly complex, it seems likely that scribes grew weary of trying to execute it with feather

7) The characters U+0027 , U+0022 should not be used to transliterate the Soft Sign and (“yers”), because these characters are treated as a word boundary, rather than as a part of a word. See Sections 6.2, subsection “”, and 7.4, subsection “Cyrillic” – “Palatalization”, of the Unicode Standard for more information. pens, choosing instead to substitute the simpler form of the “” from the Cyrillic or . Though it is merely a Stylistic Alternative of the base character, it has been encoded in Unicode as a standalone character. 5) The Caudate Chrivi (“Tailed Cherv”, Ⱟ versus ⱟ versus ) has been recently accepted for inclusion in Unicode. (See L2/19-288R). When used with U+0303 Combining Tilde, it indicates an abbreviation for “et cetera”.8 It appears in a few manuscripts and early printed books. Three other characters are likewise controversial or worthy of comment, and the student of Glagolitic can benefit from reading the following documents: 6) Unicode 2C1A – Glagolitic “Pe”: Fact or Fiction? by Sebastian Kempgen 7) Why ? Why nOT? A Note on the Development of a Cyrillic Letter by Sebastian Kempgen. (See also Section 6 below: Glagolitic Superscript Characters.) 8) The Glagolitic ‘spidery kh’ < Ⱒ >, its origin and relatives by Sebastian Kempgen 9) In the vowel system of Old Church Slavonic, the “yers” (ъ, versus ьversusandⰟ, versus Ⱐ) recorded ultra-short reduced vowels *[ŭ] and *[ĭ]. The of their reduction depended on their position within a word. Around the 11th century, in many Slavic dialects yers in the “weak position” were lost, which resulted in the orthographic confusion of ъ versus and versus ь in manuscripts or the omission of “weak yers” entirely. At the same time, perhaps due to the loss of the “weak yers”, the yers in the strong position became fully vocalized, resulting in the confusion of ъ, versus ь and о, versus е in manuscripts. Since the orthographic usage of a scribe tends to reflect local dialectic peculiarities, information on the usage of yers is helpful in localizing and dating manuscripts and / or texts. Editors should strive to faithfully reproduce the usage of the yers in editions. The characters U+A64E, U+A64F Cyrillic Letter Neutral Yer ꙏ), orintomodernCyrillicLatin was encoded in Unicode to transcribe yers in instances where it is impossible to tell the difference between ъ versus and ь, but this is mostly an issue in later Russian documents. (See also the Shtapic above). The following resources will provide a sufficient introduction to the Old Slavic yers: Yer: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yer Proto-Slavic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Slavic History of Proto-Slavic: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Proto-Slavic Havlík’s law: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havl%C3%ADk%27s_law History of the Russian : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Russian_language History of the Slavic : https://www.wikiwand.com/en/History_of_the_Slavic_languages

5. Glagolitic Casing Glagolitic used in manuscripts was generally not a bicameral script; in other words, it did not have a modern upper case. The upper case forms included within the font are intended to be used for decorative drop-caps and for titling. Glagolitic scripts, unlike modern Cyrillic scripts, do not traditionally align the bottom of their upper and lower case characters on top of the “base line”, but instead they hang from a shared “top line”.

8) While the characters U+0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo and U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet are technically not intended to be used for Glagolitic, since their script property is set to Cyrillic, there is currently no other available choice. However, since this font is intended for academic use and must have a harmonious pairing of both Cyrillic and Glagolitic scripts, we have unfortunately had to compromise on this principle.

6. Glagolitic Superscript Characters Combining Glagolitic letters have been encoded in Unicode in the Glagolitic Supplement Range: U+1E000–U+1E02F. These are used in the default Round Script, but seem not to be used much in the Angular Script tradition. Even within the Round Script tradition, it seems that superscript characters were used far less frequently than with Cyrillic texts. Here, each of the combining superscript letters are placed above their corresponding base character: ⰰ versus ⰱ versus ⰲ ⰳversus  versus ⰴ versus ⰵ ⰶversus  [ⰷ𞀇]versus ⰸ𞀈ⰹ𞀉ⰺ𞀊ⰻ𞀋ⰼ𞀌ⰽ𞀍ⰾ𞀎ⰿ𞀏ⱀ𞀐ⱁ𞀑ⱂ𞀒ⱃ𞀓ⱄ𞀔ⱅ𞀕ⱆ𞀖ⱇ𞀗] versus ⰸ versus ⰹ ⰺversus  versus ⰻ versus ⰼ ⰽversus  versus ⰾ ⰿversus  ⱀversus  versus ⱁ versus ⱂ ⱃversus  versus ⱄ versus ⱅ versus ⱆ versus ⱇ ⱈ [ⱉ𞀙]versus [ⱊ𞀚]ⱋ𞀛ⱌ𞀜ⱍ𞀝ⱎ𞀞ⱏ𞀟ⱐ𞀠ⱑ𞀡[ⱒ𞀢]ⱓ𞀣ⱔ𞀤[ⱕ𞀥]ⱖ𞀦ⱗ𞀧ⱘ𞀨ⱙ𞀩ⱚ𞀪] versus [ⱊ𞀚]] ⱋ𞀛ⱌ𞀜ⱍ𞀝ⱎ𞀞ⱏ𞀟ⱐ𞀠ⱑ𞀡[ⱒ𞀢]ⱓ𞀣ⱔ𞀤[ⱕ𞀥]ⱖ𞀦ⱗ𞀧ⱘ𞀨ⱙ𞀩ⱚ𞀪 versus ⱋ versus ⱌ ⱍversus  ⱎversus  ⱏversus  ⱐversus  versus ⱑ [ⱒ𞀢]versus ] ⱓ𞀣ⱔ𞀤[ⱕ𞀥]ⱖ𞀦ⱗ𞀧ⱘ𞀨ⱙ𞀩ⱚ𞀪 ⱓversus  versus ⱔ [ⱕ𞀥]versus ] ⱖ𞀦ⱗ𞀧ⱘ𞀨ⱙ𞀩ⱚ𞀪 ⱖversus  ⱗversus  ⱘversus  versus ⱙ ⱚversus  Note that five of the characters above are [bracketed] because they are not attested; these have not been encoded in Unicode and should not be used. They have been encoded in the font for the sake of completeness. They may not be correctly supported by software since they are not valid codepoints. One particular pairing that is frequently seen is the preposition and prefix “ot” (which can be formed with either the “” or “” forms of the letter “”). Unlike the Cyrillic , which includes the definitive Ѿѿ, the same combination in Glagolitic scripts must be composed of the “o” plus a “superscript t”, since a separate character for “ot” has not been encoded. The following table demonstrates the variant valid representations of this pairing. Note that the “superscript t” is the only superscript character which has an alternate Angular form: Round versus Script versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯default): Ⱁ𞀕 ⱁ𞀕 or versus with versus omega: Ⱉ𞀕 ⱉ𞀕 [ versus ◌ versus ] Angular versus Script versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ss03): Ⱁ𞀕 ⱁ𞀕 or versus with versus omega: Ⱉ ⱉ [ versus ◌ versus ] Angular versus Missal versus Script versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ss04): Ⱁ𞀕 ⱁ𞀕 or versus with versus omega: Ⱉ9 ⱉ versus [ versus ◌ versus ] The precomposed forms of the Ot have been encoded in the Private Use Are at the codepoints U+ECE0 to U+ECE9 for use in settings where OpenType is unavailable or unsupported. For more information, see the Proposal to Encode Combining Glagolitic Letters in Unicode: http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n4608.pdf. The combining Glagolitic characters are listed: Combining Glagolitic Characters U+1E000 AZU U+1E014 SLOVO U+1E001 BUKY ◌𞀀 U+1E015 TVRIDO ◌𞀀 U+1E002 VEDE ◌𞀀 U+1E016 UKU ◌𞀀 U+1E003 GLAGOLI ◌𞀀 U+1E017 FRITU ◌𞀀 U+1E004 DOBRO ◌𞀀 U+1E018 HERU ◌𞀀 U+1E005 YESTU ◌𞀀 U+1E01B SHTA ◌𞀀 U+1E006 ZHIVETE ◌𞀀 U+1E01C TSI ◌𞀀 U+1E008 ZEMLJA ◌𞀀 U+1E01D CHRIVI ◌𞀀 U+1E009 IZHE ◌𞀀 U+1E01E SHA ◌𞀀 U+1E00A INITIAL IZHE ◌𞀀 U+1E01F YERU ◌𞀀 U+1E00B I ◌𞀀 U+1E020 YERI ◌𞀀 ◌𞀀 ◌𞀀

9) Note that the upper case form of the Angular Missal Script has an anomalous Round Script form. U+1E00C DJERVI U+1E021 YATI U+1E00D KAKO ◌𞀀 U+1E023 YU ◌𞀀 U+1E00E LJUDIJE ◌𞀀 U+1E024 SMALL YUS ◌𞀀 U+1E00F MYSLITE ◌𞀀 U+1E026 YO ◌𞀀 U+1E010 NASHI ◌𞀀 U+1E027 IOTATED SMALL YUS ◌𞀀 U+1E011 ONU ◌𞀀 U+1E028 BIG YUS ◌𞀀 U+1E012 POKOJI ◌𞀀 U+1E029 IOTATED BIG YUS ◌𞀀 U+1E013 RITSI ◌𞀀 U+1E02A FITA ◌𞀀 ◌𞀀 ◌𞀀

7. and Word Abbreviations (Letters with Titla) a. Numerals Glagolitic numerals are formed in several variant ways, without any “standard” or “official” method of presentation. Users should represent numerals as they are given in the original texts. In the absence of an original text, we recommend following the formation of . See the section on the presentation of Cyrillic numerals, above, for examples. Note: It seems that Glagolitic texts should use U+0303 Combining Tilde to encode the character above numerals. This is provided in the font as a wavy line; if a “titlo” or “vzmet” form is desired, the characters U+0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo and U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet can be used, even though their script property is set to Cyrillic, rather than Glagolitic or Inherited. A separate Glagolitic Titlo or Vzmet has not been encoded in Unicode. For example:

normal ss03 ss04 U+0303 Combining Tilde ⰰ̃ ⰰ̃ ⰰ̃ U+0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo ⰰ҃ ⰰ҃ ⰰ҃ U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet ⰰ꙯ ⰰ꙯ ⰰ꙯

Note: The usage of Cyrillic Titlo or Vzmet with Glagolitic characters is not supported in LibreOffice.

b. Word Abbreviations A number of precomposed letters with U+0303 Combining Tilde are encoded in the PUA in the block U+ECA0 through U+ECFF. These precomposed forms have been included because they require a wider or narrower version of the tilde symbol than the default width. All of these are Angular Glagolitic forms, and are formed automatically when Stylistic Set 3 (or Stylistic Set 4) is turned on. They may be accessed from the PUA if OpenType features are unsupported.

Description Form PUA Codepoint Glagolitic Vede (U+2C32) ⰲ̃ U+ECA3 Glagolitic Glagoli (U+2C33) ⰳ̃ U+ECA4 Glagolitic Dobro (U+2C34) ⰴ̃ U+ECA5 Glagolitic Zhivete (U+2C36) ⰶ̃ U+ECA6 Description Form PUA Codepoint Glaolitic Zemlja (U+2C38) ⰸ̃ U+ECA7 Glagolitic Izhe (U+2C39) ⰹ̃ U+ECA8 Glagolitic Initial Izhe (U+2C3A) ⰺ̃ U+ECA9 Glagolitic Djervi (U+2C3C) ⰼ̃ U+ECAA Alternate form of U+2C3C (salt) ⰼ̃ U+ECAB Glagolitic Ljudije (U+2C3E) ⰾ̃ U+ECAC Glagolitic Myslite (U+2C3F) ⰿ̃ U+ECAD Glagolitic Tvrido (U+2C45) ⱅ̃ U+ECAE Glagolitic Heru (U+2C48) (ss04) ⱈ̃ U+ECAF Glagolitic Otu (U+2C49) (ss04) ⱉ̃ U+ECB0 Glagolitic Yu (U+2C53) ⱓ̃ U+ECB1 Glagolitic Shtapic (U+2C5C) ⱜ̃ U+ECB2

A number of pre-composed ligatures with the tilde are also offered. These are formed automatically when Stylistic Set 5 is turned on:

Description Form PUA Codepoint Buki Ritsi ⰱⱃ̃ U+ECC0 Vedi Tvrido ⰲⱅ̃ U+ECC1 Vedi Tvrido Ritsi ⰲⱅⱃ̃ U+ECC2 Mysliti Ljudije ⰿⰾ̃ U+ECC3 Mysliti Zhivete ⰿⰶ̄ U+ECC4 Mysliti Izhe Ljudije ⰿⰹⰾ̃ U+ECC5 Mysliti Slovo ⰿⱄ̃ U+ECC6 Mysliti Chrivi ⰿⱖ̃ U+ECC7 Tvrido Vedi ⱅⰲ̃ U+ECC8 Tvrido Vedi Ritsi ⱅⰲⱃ̃ U+ECC9 Glagoli Ritsi ⰳⱃ̃ U+ECCA

c) Additional Variant Shapes of for Word Abbreviations The font includes several variant forms of U+0483 Combining Titlo, U+A66F Combining Vzmet, U+0487 Combining Pokrytie and U+0303 Combining Tilde, which may be used for Cyrillic or Glagolitic, to represent various supralineation characters that occur in manuscripts. These are invoked by turning on the relevant Stylistic Alternative (salt). To access the salt forms in LibreOffice, change the font name to “Shafarik:salt=”, where ‘x’ is the number. The first salt form may be accessed without a numerical value, as both “Shafarik:salt” and “Shafarik:salt=1”. The PUA codepoint is also given for reference.

Unicode Stylistic PUA Shape Cyrillic Glagolitic Alternate codepoint example example U+0303 Combining Tilde ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=1 Alternate Combining Tilde (flipped U+ECA1 variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=2 Alternate Combining Tilde (narrow U+ECA0 flipped variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=3 Alternate Combining Tilde (wide U+ECA2 flipped variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=4 Alternate Combining Tilde (narrow U+E010 variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=5 Alternate Combining Tilde (wide U+E011 variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=6 Combining Galgolitic Tilde (plain U+E012 variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=7 Combining Galgolitic Tilde U+E013 (ornamental variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ salt=8 Combining Galgolitic Tilde U+E014 (another ornamental variant) ◌̃ г̃ ⰳ̃ U+0304 Combining Macron ◌̄ г̄ ⰳ̄ U+0305 Combining Overline ◌̅ г̅ ⰳ̅ U+0360 Combining Double Titlo ◌͠◌ г͠г ⰳ͠ⰳ salt=1 Alternate Combining Double Tilde U+E015 ◌͠◌ г͠г ⰳ͠ⰳ U+0361 Combining Double ◌͡◌ г͡г ⰳ͡ⰳ U+0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=1 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E016 (wide variant 1) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=2 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E017 (wide variant 2) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=3 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E018 (wide variant 2 reversed) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=4 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E019 (wide decorative reversed variant) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=5 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E01A (flat decorative variant 1) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=6 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E01B (flat decorative variant 2) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ salt=7 Alternate Combining Cyrillic Titlo U+E01C (flat decorative variant 3) ◌҃ г҃ ⰳ҃ U+0487 Combining Cyrillic Pokrytie ◌҇ г҇ ⰳ҇ salt=1 Alternate Combining Cyrillic U+E01D Pokrytie (rounded variant) ◌҇ г҇ ⰳ҇ salt=2 Alternate Combining Cyrillic U+E01E Pokrytie (angular variant) ◌҇ г҇ ⰳ҇ U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet ◌꙯ г꙯ ⰳ꙯ salt=1 Alternate Combining Cyrillic U+E01F Vzmet (wide variant) ◌꙯ г꙯ ⰳ꙯ U+FE26 Combining Conjoining Macron ◌︦ г︦ ⰳ︦ U+FE27 Combining Cyrillic Titlo Left Half ◌ ︮ г︮ ⰳ︮ U+FE28 Combining Cyrillic Titlo Right Half ◌︯ г︯ ⰳ︯

Known Limitations: 1) Typical word processing software (such as LibreOffice) will not allow you to turn on the salt feature for only a diacritical mark. It is possible to achieve correct presentation in LaTeX with the churchslavonic package. In other software you will need to turn on the salt feature for both the mark and the base that it modifies. This may lead to undesirable results in instances where the base character also has an alternate form accessible via salt. As a workaround, you can enter the desired alternate supralineation character directly by codepoint from the PUA. 2) LibreOffice apparently does not allow for the correct positioning of marks encoded in the PUA over Cyrillic characters. One should proceed with caution or find a suitable work-around. 3) LibreOffice also does not allow the use of the Cyrillic combining marks: U+0483 Combining Cyrillic Titlo, U+0487 Combining Cyrillic Pokrytie, and U+A66F Combining Cyrillic Vzmet with Glagolitic characters. 4) As mentioned previously: The implementation of Titlo Halves in LibreOffice seems to be buggy. 8. Alternate Forms of Characters In the PUA, block U+EC60 through U+EC9F is dedicated to Stylistic Alternatives (salt) for Round and Angular Glagolitic. These include significant character shape variants that are found in both manuscripts and printed editions. The PUA codepoints are also indicated for reference.

Codepoint: Main Form (Description) PUA Codepoint ROUND SCRIPT U+2C03 Ⰳ Ⰳ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus Glagoli) U+EC60 U+2C33 ⰳ ⰳ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Glagoli) U+EC61 U+2C04 Ⰴ Ⰴ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus Dobro) U+EC62 U+2C34 ⰴ ⰴ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Dobro) U+EC63 U+2C0F Ⰿ Ⰿ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus My).]slete) U+EC64 U+2C3F ⰿ ⰿ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus My).]slete) U+EC65 U+2C17 Ⱇ Ⱇ versusA (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ lt versus Round versus Capital versus Friti) U+EC66 U+2C47 ⱇ ⱇ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Friti) U+EC67 U+2C19 Ⱉ Ⱉ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus Otu) U+EC68 U+2C49 ⱉ ⱉ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Otu) U+EC69 U+2C20 Ⱐ Ⱐ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus Soft versus Sign) U+EC6A U+2C50 ⱐ ⱐ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Soft versus Sign) U+EC6B U+2C22 Ⱒ Ⱒ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Capital versus Spidery).] versusHa) U+EC6C U+2C52 ⱒ ⱒ versusA (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ lt versus Round versus Small versus Spidery).] versusHa) U+EC6D U+2C24 Ⱔ Ⱔ versusA (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ lt versus Round versus Capital versus Small versus Yus) U+EC6E U+2C54 ⱔ ⱔ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯Alt versus Round versus Small versus Small versus Yus) U+EC6F

ANGULAR SCRIPT SS03, versus SS04 U+2C30 ⰰ salt=7: versus ⰰ versus Alt versus Angular versus Small versus Azu versus (titlo left half)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯tallversusvariant) U+EC76 [salt=7 is used here because salt=2...6 are used for the Baromić ligatures; see Table B.] U+2C02 Ⰲ Ⰲ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Vedi versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯connectedversusvariant) U+EC77 U+2C05 Ⰵ Ⰵ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Capital versus Yest versus (titlo left half) +в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯uncrossedversusvariant) U+EC78 U+2C35 ⰵ ⰵ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Small versus Yest (titloversus left half) + в+◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯uncrossedversusvariant) U+EC79 U+2C08 Ⰸ Ⰸ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Dzelo U+EC7A U+2C38 ⰸ ⰸ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Small versus Dzelo U+EC7B U+2C0C Ⰼ Ⰼ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Gerv U+EC7C U+2C3C ⰼ ⰼ versus Alt versus Angular versus Small versus Gerv U+EC7D U+2C0F Ⰿ Salt=2 versus  versus Alt-1 versus Angular versus Capital versus My).]slete U+EC7E U+2C0F Ⰿ Salt=3 versus  versus Alt-2 versus Angular versus Capital versus My).]slete U+EC7F U+2C11 Ⱁ Ⱁ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Onu U+EC80 U+2C16 Ⱆ Ⱆ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Ouk U+EC81 U+2C46 ⱆ ⱆ versus Alt versus Angular versus Small versus Ouk U+EC82 U+2C1D Ⱍ Ⱍ versus Alt versus Angular versus Large versus Chrivi U+EC8E U+2C4D ⱍ ⱍ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Small versus Chrivi U+EC8F U+2C1F Ⱏ Salt=1 versus Ⱏ versus Alt-1 versus Angular versus Capital versus Hard versus Sign U+EC83 U+2C1F Ⱏ Salt=2 versus Ⱏ versus Alt-2 versus Angular versus Capital versus Hard versus Sign U+EC85 U+2C1F Ⱏ Salt=3 versus Ⱏ versus Alt-3 versus Angular versus Capital versus Hard versus Sign U+EC87 U+2C4F ⱏ Salt=1 versus ⱏ versus Alt-1 versus Angular versus Small versus Hard versus Sign U+EC84 U+2C4F ⱏ Salt=2 versus ⱏ versus Alt-2 versus Angular versus Small versus Hard versus Sign U+EC86 U+2C4F ⱏ Salt=3 versus ⱏ versus Alt-3 versus Angular versus Small versus Hard versus Sign U+EC88 U+2C20 Ⱐ Salt=2 versus Ⱐ versus Alt versus Angular versus Large versus Soft versus Sign U+EC90 U+2C50 ⱐ Salt=2 versus ⱐ versus Alt versus Angular versus Small versus Soft versus Sign U+EC91 U+2C22 Ⱒ Salt=2 versus Ⱒ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Spidery).] versusKha U+EC89 U+2C52 ⱒ Salt=2 versus ⱒ versus Alt versus Angular versus Small versus Spidery).] versusKha U+EC8A U+2C2C Ⱜ Ⱜ versus Alt versus Angular versus Capital versus Shtapic U+EC8B U+2C5C ⱜ ⱜ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Small versus Shtapic U+EC8C U+2C2E Ⱞ Ⱞ Aversus lt versus Angular versus Capital versus Latinate versus My).]slete U+EC8D

9. Truncated Letter Forms Truncated versions of various letters, referred to as “Baromić broken ligatures”, are a feature of the Angular manuscript tradition. These letter forms are included in the PUA at block U+F02E0 through U+F02F4 (see Table B below). Essentially, these truncated characters stood by themselves in the Angular Script manuscript tradition, but with the adaptation of Angular Glagolitic for use in early printed editions, type designers chose to close the slight gaps next to these truncated forms, resulting in a fascinating and diverse collection of ligatures.

10. Angular Glagolitic Ligatures Angular Glagolitic Ligatures, used in both manuscript and printed traditions, and widely documented in both technical literature and existing fonts, are included in the block that currently spans from U+F0400 to U+F0490 (although we are free to add more glyphs up to U+F05FF if more is needed). As it stands, the Glagolitic ligatures are alphabetized according to the letter of the alphabet, with pairs added in proper sorting order (see Table C below); six blank spaces are left between each letter of the alphabet to accommodate more additions, so it is unlikely at this point that the currently used portion of the block will need to be extended past U+F0490. (NOTE: The contents of this zone are firmly established, although there is ample space for additional entries.) The use of Glagolitic Ligatures has been extensively documented for the standard text letter forms (i.e. the lower case), but its use in the “upper” (or titling) case seems to be uncommon. Only five “upper case” examples are included in this font. As a matter of practicality, if one wishes to use ligatures in titles or drop-caps, the use of these “lower case” ligatures at a larger point size is more than sufficient to accomplish the task at hand.

11. Extra Characters Printed editions of Glagolitic prayer books include at least nine specialized symbols, only one of which is included in the Unicode Standard. If the user would like to use these, they may be entered directly from the PUA. Since these symbols are largely decorative , we see no value to encoding them in Unicode. These symbols are used for two purposes.

1) Symbols used to add , usually at the beginning of a paragraph or section of text. ☞ U+261E This symbol is usually used to indicate “Note:”. U+F0134 (PUA) This is a multi-purpose symbol, which can also be Ĵ use as a decorative symbol. Its shape is not equivalent to any of the Crosses already included in the Unicode Standard. U+F0135 (PUA) This symbol is usually used as a marker for a ĵ subsection of a chapter. This is somewhat analogous to modern ¶ (U+00B6). U+F0136 (PUA) This symbol is usually used as a marker for a Ķ subsection of a chapter. This is somewhat analogous to modern ¶ (U+00B6).

2) Symbols used for decorative purposes. U+F0137(PUA) This is used as a decorative flourish at the end of a ķ chapter. When repeated, this can form a decorative border or line of separation. U+F0138 (PUA) This is used as a decorative flourish at the end of a ĸ chapter. U+F0139(PUA) This is used as a decorative flourish at the end of a Ĺ chapter. U+F013A (PUA) When repeated, this can form a decorative border or ĺ line of separation. U+F013B (PUA) This is used as a decorative flourish at the end of a Ļ chapter. 12. Examples of Glagolitic Texts i. Test of Round Glagolitic and Cyrillic Side-by-Side (Codex Zographensis [NLR Glag. 1], f. 77r) Images: http://expositions.nlr.ru/ex_manus/Zograph_Gospel/_Project/page_Manuscripts.php? izo=D2D92E28-51F6-4085-B3D7-B2AAB8DA9BDD&nCodeList=152 Slavonic transcription: Quattuor Evangeliorum Codex Glagoliticus olim Zographensis nunc Petro- politanus. Characteribus cyrillicis transcriptum notis criticis prolegomenis appendicibus auctum adiuvante summi ministerii borussici liberalitate edidit . Jagić. Berolini: Apud Weidmannos. 1879. P. 45.

Ⰸⰰⱍⱔⰾⱁ ⰵⰲⰰversus ︮ⰼ︦ ⰾ︯ⰻⱑ versus ·versusⰺ︮ⱄ︯ versus ⱈ͠ⰲⰰ versus ⱄ︮ⱀⰰ︦ ︯ versus ⰱ︮ⰶ︦ⰻ︯ⱑ versus · Зачѧло versus Еваꙉ︮ л︦ ︯ иѣ. versus ꙇ͠с versus х͠ва versus︮н с а︦ ︯ versus б︮жи︦ ︯ ѣ.

ⱑⰽⱁⰶⰵ versus ⰵⱄⱅⱏ versus ⱂⱄⰰⱀⱁ versus ⰲⱏ versus ⱂⱃⱁⱃⱁⱌⱑⱈⱏ versus ·versusⱄⰵ versus ⰰ̆ⰸⱏ ѣкоже versus естъ versus псано versus въversusпророцѣхъ.сеазъ̆ versus҄ посълѭ ⱂⱁⱄⱏⰾ̑ ⱙ versus ⰰⰼ︮ ︦ ⰾ︯ⱏ versus ⰿⱁⰹ versus ·versus ⱂⱃⱑⰴⱐ versus ⰾⰻⱌⰵⰿⱐ versus а︮ꙉл︦ ︯ ъ versus моі. versus прѣдь versus лицемьversusмоꙇмь. versus ꙇ҅же versus ᲂуготовитъ ⰿⱁⰺⰿⱐ versus ·versus ⰺ҅ ⰶⰵ versus ⱆⰳⱁⱅⱁⰲⰻⱅⱏ versus ⱂⱘⱅⱐ versus ⱅⰲⱁⰺ versus · пѫть versusꙇ тво . versus прѣдъ versusтобоѭ. ⱂⱃⱑⰴⱏ versus ⱅⱁⰱⱁⱙ versus · Ⰳⰾⰰⱄⱏ versus ⰲⱏⱂⰻⱙⱎⱅⰰⰳⱁ versus ⰲⱏ versus ⱂⱆⱄⱅⱏⰻⱀ̑ ⰻ versus · Гласъ versus въпиѭштаго versus въ versusпустꙑн҄и. versus ᲂуготоваꙇте versus пѫть ⱆⰳⱁⱅⱁⰲⰰⰺ҅ ⱅⰵ versus ⱂⱘⱅⱐ versus ⰳ︮ⱀⱐ︦ ︯ versus ·versusⱂⱃⰰⰲⱏⰻ versus ⱅⰲⱁⱃⰻⱅⰵ гн︮ ь︦ ︯ . versus правꙑ versus творите versus стьзѧversusего. ⱄⱅⱐⰸⱔ versus ⰵⰳⱁ versus · ii. Test of Angular Glagolitic and Latin Side-by-Size (Apostolos, 1 Thess. 4:1-3) Source: Afanasʹyeva yevaT.I.,V.Kozak,andA..Sobolev. T. I., V. V. Kozak, and A. N. Sobolev. Глаголическая письменность Западных Балкан X—XVI веков. Учебно-методическое пособие. СПб.: Наука. 2016.

Ⰱⱃⰰⱅⰻⱑ, versus ⱞⱁⰾⰻⱞ versus ⰲⰻ versus ⰻ versus ⱂⱃⱁⱄⰻⱞⱜ versus ⱁ versus ⰳⱁⱄⱂⱁⰴⱑ Bratiê, versus molim versusʹ ogospodêIsusê,da vi versus iversusprosimogospodê versus Isusê, versus da Ⰻⱄⱆⱄⱑ, versus ⰴⰰ versus ⱑⰽⱁⰶⰵ versus ⱂⱃⰻⱑⱄⱅⰵ versus ⱍⱅⱁ versus ⱁⱅ versus ⱀⰰⱄⱜ, êkože versus priêste versus čto versusʹ ot versusnas,kako versus podobaet versusvamo gospodêIsusê,daʹo ⰽⰰⰽⱁ versus ⱂⱁⰴⱁⰱⰰⰵⱅⱜ versus ⰲⰰⱞⱜ ⱈⱁⰴⰻⱅⰻversus versus ⰻ versus ⱆⰳⰰⰶⰴⰰⱅⰻ hoditi versus iversusugaždati versus Bogu, versus tako versus da versus iversusvihodite Ⰱⱁⰳⱆ, versus ⱅⰰⰽⱁ versus ⰴⰰ versus ⰻ versus ⰲⰻ versus ⱈⱁⰴⰻⱅⰵ versus ⰻ izbitačastvuete versus pače. versus Vêste versus boversuskoterie versus zapovêdi ⰻⰸⰱⰻⱅⰰⱍⰰⱄⱅⰲⱆⰵⱅⰵ versus ⱂⰰⱍⰵ. versus Ⰲⱑⱄⱅⰵ versus ⰱⱁ dahʹ versus vam versuso gospodemversusIsus versus Hristom . versus Se versus boversusestgospodê Isusê,daʹogospodê ⰽⱁⱅⰵⱃⰻⰵ versus ⰸⰰⱂⱁⰲⱑⰴⰻ versus ⰴⰰⱈⱜ versus ⰲⰰⱞⱜ versus ⰳⱁⱄⱂⱁⰴⰵⱞⱜ vola versus božiê, versusʹ svet baversusvaša, versus iversusvzdrožati versus gospodê Isusê,daʹo se versusvamot Ⰻⱄⱆⱄ versus Ⱈⱃⰻⱄⱅⱁⱞⱜ. versus Ⱄⰵ versus ⰱⱁ versus ⰵⱄⱅⱜ versus ⰲⱁⰾⰰ versus ⰱⱁⰶⰻⱑ, lûbodêêniê. ⱄⰲⰵⱅⱜⰱⰰ versus ⰲⰰⱎⰰ, versus ⰻ versus ⰲⱜⰸⰴⱃⱜⰶⰰⱅⰻ versus ⱄⰵ versus ⱅⰰⱞⱜ versus ⱁⱅ ⰾⱓⰱⱁⰴⱑⱑⱀⰻⱑ. iii. Test of Missal Angular Glagolitic Source: Misal po zakonu rimskoga dvora (first printed Missal), Croatia, 1483, f. 394 (as reproduced in Afanasʹyeva yevaT.I.,V.Kozak,andA.N.Sobolev. T. I., et al. Op. cit., plate 11). (This source demonstrates the use of ligatures.)

ĵ versus ⱞ̃ ⱄⰰ versus ⰸⰰ versus ⰴⱁ쑃ⱁ versus ⱄⱅⰰⱀⰻⰵ versus 챃ⰰⰴⰰ· versus ⱁⱃ̃ⱌ· versus ⱄⰵ硁ⰳⰻ ¶ versus M[i]sa versus za versus dobro versus stanieversusgrada.or[a]ts[io]. ⰰ Semogi versus v[ê]čni versus b[ož]e versus sazid[i]telû versusž iversusstra ũﰾⰲⱍ̃ⱀⰻ ⰱversus ̃ ⰵ versus ⱄⰰⰸⰻⰴ̃ⱅⰵ versus ⰻ versus ⱄᑃⰰⰶⱆ versus ⰵⱃⱄ̃ 챃ⰰⰴⰰ versus ⰲⰻⱎⱀⰰ챁 versus ⱈⱁⰴ̃ⱅⰰⰻⱄᐲⱁⱞ̃ versus ⰱ̃ⰶⱀⰻⰵ versus ⱞⱃ̃ⰻⰵ [u]s[a][i]ma versus grada versusvišnago versus hod[a]taistvom[ʹ] ogospodêIsusê,da ⰲⰻⱀⱆⰴ̃ⰲⰻ versus ⰻ versus ⰱ̃ⰶⱀ챁 versus ⰽⱃⱄⱁ챁ⱀⰰ versus Ϥ̃ⰰ versus ᐲⱁⰵ챁 versus ⰻ b[la]ž[e]nie versus m[a]rie versus vinud[ê]vi versus iversusb[la]ž[e]n[a]go ⰱ̃ⰶⱀⰰ챁 versus ⱀⰻⰽⱆⰾⰻ· versus 챃ⰰⱀⰻ versus ⱄⰻ versus 챃ⰰⰴⱜ versus ⰻ versus ⱄ krsogona versus m[u]č[eni] versus tvoego versusib[la]ž[e]nago ⰶⰻⰲⱆⱋⰻⱞⰻ versus ⰲ versus ⱀⰵⱞⱜ versus ⰻ versus ⱄⰻⰾⱁⱓ versus ᐲⱁⰵⱓ versus ⰲⰸ퀲ⰻⰳⱀⰻ nikuli. versus grani ʹ ogospodêIsusê,daversus siversusgradisživuščimi versusʹ ogospodêIsusê,da vnem versusisiloû ⰴⰰ versus ⰱ̃ⰴⰵⱅⱜ versus ⱁⰱⰻⱅⱜⱓⱋⰻⱞⱜ versus ⰲ versus ⱀⰵⱞ̃ versus ⰸⰴⱃⰰⰲⰻⰵ versus ⰻ tvoeû versus vzdvigni versusdab[u]detʹ versus obit ûo gospodêIsusê,daʹ ščimʹ ogospodêIsusê,da versus vversusnem[ʹ ogospodêIsusê,da] ⱞⰻⱃ̃· versus ⰳ̃ⱞ• zdravie versus iversusmir[ʹ]. ogospodêIsusê,da versus[ ?]m. Table A: Round, Angular and Missal Angular Glagolitic Characters

Upper Case Characters: Round Glagolitic Angular Glagolitic Missal Angular Glagolitic Cyrillic10 (default set) (Stylistic Set 3) (Stylistic Set 4) () U+2C00 Ⰰ U+F0200 Ⰰ U+F0270 Ⰰ А U+2C01 Ⰱ U+F0201 Ⰱ U+F0271 Ⰱ Б U+2C02 Ⰲ U+F0202 Ⰲ U+F0272 Ⰲ В U+2C03 Ⰳ U+F0203 Ⰳ U+F0273 Ⰳ Г U+2C04 Ⰴ U+F0204 Ⰴ U+F0274 Ⰴ Д U+2C05 Ⰵ U+F0205 Ⰵ U+F0275 Ⰵ Е U+2C06 Ⰶ U+F0206 Ⰶ U+F0276 Ⰶ Ж U+2C07 Ⰷ U+F0207 Ⰷ U+F0277 Ⰷ Ѕ, Ꙃversus U+2C08 Ⰸ U+F0208 Ⰸ U+F0278 Ⰸ Ꙁ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯З) U+2C09 Ⰹ U+F0209 Ⰹ U+F0279 Ⰹ И, Іversus , Ꙇversus U+2C0A Ⰺ U+F020A Ⰺ U+F027A Ⰺ И, Іversus , Ꙇversus U+2C0B Ⰻ U+F020B Ⰻ U+F027B Ⰻ И, Іversus , Ꙇversus U+2C0C Ⰼ U+F020C Ⰼ U+F027C Ⰼ Ꙉ11 U+2C0D Ⰽ U+F020D Ⰽ U+F027D Ⰽ К U+2C0E Ⰾ U+F020E Ⰾ U+F027E Ⰾ Л U+2C0F Ⰿ U+F020F Ⰿ U+F027F ɿ М U+2C10 Ⱀ U+F0210 Ⱀ U+F0280 Ⱀ Н U+2C11 Ⱁ U+F0211 Ⱁ U+F0281 Ⱁ О U+2C12 Ⱂ U+F0212 Ⱂ U+F0282 Ⱂ П U+2C13 Ⱃ U+F0213 Ⱃ U+F0283 Ⱃ Р U+2C14 Ⱄ U+F0214 Ⱄ U+F0284 Ⱄ С U+2C15 Ⱅ U+F0215 Ⱅ U+F0285 Ⱅ Т U+2C16 Ⱆ U+F0216 Ⱆ U+F0286 Ⱆ Ѹ, versus Ꙋ, Уversus U+2C17 Ⱇ U+F0217 Ⱇ U+F0287 Ⱇ Ф U+2C18 Ⱈ U+F0218 Ⱈ U+F0288 Ⱈ Х U+2C19 Ⱉ U+F0219 Ⱉ U+F0289 Ⱉ Ѿ, Ѡversus 12 U+2C1A Ⱊ U+F021A Ⱊ U+F028A Ⱊ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯П) 10) Cyrillic are based primarily on: Ivanova T. A. Старославянский язык. 4-е издание. СПб., 2005. 11) This letter has been revived in modern times as Ћ, ћ. 12) There is some difference of opinion regarding whether this character represents “o” (omega) or “ot”; the majority of sources suggest “ot”, and the majority of scholars interpret it as such, but there is a possibility that “o” is valid in some circumstances. U+2C1B Ⱋ U+F021B Ⱋ U+F028B Ⱋ Щ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ШТ) U+2C1C Ⱌ U+F021C Ⱌ U+F028C Ⱌ Ц U+2C1D Ⱍ U+F021D Ⱍ U+F028D Ⱍ Ч U+2C1E Ⱎ U+F021E Ⱎ U+F028E Ⱎ Ш U+2C1F Ⱏ U+F021F Ⱏ U+F028F Ⱏ Ъ U+2C20 Ⱐ U+F0220 Ⱐ U+F0290 Ⱐ Ь U+2C21 Ⱑ U+F0221 Ⱑ U+F0291 Ⱑ Ѣ U+2C22 Ⱒ U+F0222 Ⱒ U+F0292 Ⱒ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯Х) U+2C23 Ⱓ U+F0223 Ⱓ U+F0293 Ⱓ Ю U+2C24 Ⱔ U+F0224 Ⱔ U+F0294 Ⱔ Ѧ U+2C25 Ⱕ U+F0225 Ⱕ U+F0295 Ⱕ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯Ꙙ) U+2C26 Ⱖ U+F0226 Ⱖ U+F0296 Ⱖ Ј U+2C27 Ⱗ U+F0227 Ⱗ U+F0297 Ⱗ Ѩ U+2C28 Ⱘ U+F0228 Ⱘ U+F0298 Ⱘ Ѫ U+2C29 Ⱙ U+F0229 Ⱙ U+F0299 Ⱙ Ѭ U+2C2A Ⱚ U+F022A Ⱚ U+F029A Ⱚ Ѳ U+2C2B Ⱛ U+F022B Ⱛ U+F029B Ⱛ Ѵ U+2C2C Ⱜ U+F022C Ⱜ U+F029C Ⱜ Ь, Ꙏversus , ʹversus ogospodêIsusê,da U+2C2D Ⱝ U+F022D Ⱝ U+F029D Ⱝ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯А) U+2C2E Ⱞ U+F022E Ⱞ U+F029E Ⱞ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯М) U+2C2F Ⱟ U+F022F Ⱟ U+F029F Ⱟ Ч, “etversus et cetera” versus cetera”

Lower versus Case versus Characters: Round Glagolitic Angular Glagolitic Missal Angular Glagolitic Cyrillic (default set) (Stylistic Set 3) (Stylistic Set 4) (transliteration) U+2C30 ⰰ U+F0230 ⰰ U+F02A0 ⰰ а U+2C31 ⰱ U+F0231 ⰱ U+F02A1 ⰱ б U+2C32 ⰲ U+F0232 ⰲ U+F02A2 ⰲ в U+2C33 ⰳ U+F0233 ⰳ U+F02A3 ⰳ г U+2C34 ⰴ U+F0234 ⰴ U+F02A4 ⰴ д U+2C35 ⰵ U+F0235 ⰵ U+F02A5 ⰵ е, versus є U+2C36 ⰶ U+F0236 ⰶ U+F02A6 ⰶ ж U+2C37 ⰷ U+F0237 ⰷ U+F02A7 ⰷ ѕ, versus ꙃ U+2C38 ⰸ U+F0238 ⰸ U+F02A8 ⰸ ꙁ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯з) U+2C39 ⰹ U+F0239 ⰹ U+F02A9 ⰹ и, і,versus versus ꙇ U+2C3A ⰺ U+F023A ⰺ U+F02AA ⰺ и, versus і,versusꙇ U+2C3B ⰻ U+F023B ⰻ U+F02AB ⰻ и, і,versus versus ꙇ U+2C3C ⰼ U+F023C ⰼ U+F02AC ⰼ ꙉ U+2C3D ⰽ U+F023D ⰽ U+F02AD ⰽ к U+2C3E ⰾ U+F023E ⰾ U+F02AE ⰾ л U+2C3F ⰿ U+F023F ⰿ U+F02AF ʯ м U+2C40 ⱀ U+F0240 ⱀ U+F02B0 ⱀ н U+2C41 ⱁ U+F0241 ⱁ U+F02B1 ⱁ о U+2C42 ⱂ U+F0242 ⱂ U+F02B2 ⱂ п U+2C43 ⱃ U+F0243 ⱃ U+F02B3 ⱃ р U+2C44 ⱄ U+F0244 ⱄ U+F02B4 ⱄ с U+2C45 ⱅ U+F0245 ⱅ U+F02B5 ⱅ т U+2C46 ⱆ U+F0246 ⱆ U+F02B6 ⱆ ѹ, ꙋversus , versus у U+2C47 ⱇ U+F0247 ⱇ U+F02B7 ⱇ ф, versus ѳ U+2C48 ⱈ U+F0258 ⱈ U+F02B8 ⱈ х U+2C49 ⱉ U+F0249 ⱉ U+F02B9 ⱉ ѿ, versus ѡ U+2C4A ⱊ U+F024A ⱊ U+F02BA ⱊ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯п) U+2C4B ⱋ U+F024B ⱋ U+F02BB ⱋ щ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯шт) U+2C4C ⱌ U+F024C ⱌ U+F02BC ⱌ ц U+2C4D ⱍ U+F024D ⱍ U+F02BD ⱍ ч U+2C4E ⱎ U+F024E ⱎ U+F02BE ⱎ ш U+2C4F ⱏ U+F024F ⱏ U+F02BF ⱏ ъ U+2C50 ⱐ U+F0250 ⱐ U+F02C0 ⱐ ь U+2C51 ⱑ U+F0251 ⱑ U+F02C1 ⱑ ѣ versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧ) U+2C52 ⱒ U+F0252 ⱒ U+F02C2 ⱒ х U+2C53 ⱓ U+F0253 ⱓ U+F02C3 ⱓ ю U+2C54 ⱔ U+F0254 ⱔ U+F02C4 ⱔ ѧ U+2C55 ⱕ U+F0255 ⱕ U+F02C5 ⱕ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯ꙙ) U+2C56 ⱖ U+F0256 ⱖ U+F02C6 ⱖ ј U+2C57 ⱗ U+F0257 ⱗ U+F02C7 ⱗ ѩ U+2C58 ⱘ U+F0258 ⱘ U+F02C8 ⱘ ѫ U+2C59 ⱙ U+F0259 ⱙ U+F02C9 ⱙ ѭ U+2C5A ⱚ U+F025A ⱚ U+F02CA ⱚ ѳ U+2C5B ⱛ U+F025B ⱛ U+F02CB ⱛ ѵ U+2C5C ⱜ U+F025C ⱜ U+F02CC ⱜ ь, versus ꙏ),, orintomodernCyrillicLatin 'versus U+2C5D ⱝ U+F025D ⱝ U+F02CD ⱝ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯а) U+2C5E ⱞ U+F025E ⱞ U+F02CE ⱞ (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯м) U+2C2F ⱟ U+F022F ⱟ U+F029F ⱟ ч, “etversus et cetera” versus cetera”

Combining versus Superscript versus “ett cetera” ” U+1E015 ◌ U+F022F ◌ U+F029F ◌ т

Table B: Baromić Broken Ligatures (truncated characters)

These versus versus components versus areversusaccessedviaSALT versusS (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ ty).]listic versusAlternatives). versus (In LibreOffice, change the font name to “Shafarik:salt=x”, where ‘x’ is a number.)

U+2C30 versus Small versus Azu versus ⰰ: salt=1: versus ⰰ abbreviated versus version versus right(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E0) salt=2: ⰰversus abbreviated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E1) salt=3: versus ⰰ standard versus truncated versus version versusright(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E2) salt=4: versus ⰰ standard versus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E3) salt=5: versus ⰰ high versus truncated versus version versusright(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E4) salt=6: versus ⰰ high versus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E5)

U+2C32 versus Small versus Vediversusⰲ: salt=1: versus ⰲ truncated versus version versus right(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E7) salt=2: ⰲversus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02E8)

U+2C34 versus Small versus Dobro versus ⰴ: salt=2:13 ⰴversus standard versus truncated versus versionversus(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02EA) salt=3: versus ⰴ high versus truncated versus versionversus(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02EB)

U+2C36 versus Small versus Zhivete versus ⰶ: salt=1: versus ⰶ truncated versus version versus right(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02ED) salt=2: ⰶversus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02EE)

U+2C3E versus Small versus Liudie versus ⰾ: salt=1: versus ⰾ truncated versus version versus right(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02F0) salt=2: ⰾversus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02F1)

U+2C45 versus Small versus Tvrido versusⱅ: salt=1: versus ⱅ truncated versus version versus right(titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯→а︮в︦г︯U+F02F3) salt=2: ⱅversus truncated versus version versusleft(titlohalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯U+F02F4)

13) Here we have to start salt at 2 because salt=1 is taken up by the alternative at U+EC63. Table C: Angular Glagolitic Ligatures

Glagolitic ligatures are not automatically generated, but are discretionary (as needed). Since the default Round Glagolitic does not use ligatures, one should not insert them when typesetting texts using that script. However, the Angular Script (ss03) and the Angular Missal Script (ss04) both make liberal use of these ligatures by using ss05 instead of default, ss03 or ss04 text. When ligatures are needed, they are accessed by designating the font as “Shafarik:ss05” in the font toolbar in LibreOffice (or a similar method in other software). NOTE: The user should not directly access the characters using the PUA codepoints listed below (in the left ), unless the software does not provide support for OpenType features. Three ligatures have variants between the standard Angular and Missal Angular styles (ss03 and ss04); these are marked in the main table below with green highlighting. The first version of the ligature is produced normally (by designating it with sso5), while the second version is produced by designating at as “ss05&ss04”. These three characters are:

default no versus ligature versusformed ⰶⰴ ⰸⰴ ⰺⱀ ss03 no versus ligature versusformed ⰶⰴ ⰸⰴ ⰺⱀ ss04 no versus ligature versusformed ⰶⰴ ⰸⰴ ⰺⱀ ss05, versus ss05&ss03 usual versus ligature versusformed �   ss05&ss04 variant versus ligature versusformed �  

PUA Codepoint Character Sequence (before Glagolitic Test (ss05 Transliteration and ss03, ss04 or ss05 is applied) Ligature applied) Comments u+F0300 ⰰⰱ ̀ ̀ аб u+F0301 ⰰⰲ ́ ́ ав u+F0302 ⰰⰲⰰ ̂ ̂ ава u+F0303 ⰰⰲⰲ ̃ ̃ авв u+F0304 ⰰⰴ ̄ ̄ ад u+F0305 ⰰⰶ ̅ ̅ аж u+F0306 ⰰⰶⰴ ̆ ̆ ажд u+F0307 ⰰⰽ ̇ ̇ ак u+F0308 ⰰⰾ ̈ ̈ ал u+F0309 ⰰⰿ ̉ ̉ ам u+F030A ⰰⱀ ̊ ̊ ан u+F030B ⰰⱂ ̋ ̋ ап u+F030C ⰰⱅ ̌ ̌ ат u+F030D ⰰⱎ ̍ ̍ аш u+F030E ⰰⱓ ̎ ̎ аю u+F0315 ⰱⰰ ̕ ̕ ба u+F0316 ⰱⰶ ̖ ̖ бж u+F0317 ⰱⰾ ̗ ̗ бл u+F0318 ⰱⰾⰲ ̘ ̘ блв u+F0319 ⰱⰾⱓ ̙ ̙ блю u+F031A ⰱⰾⱓⰴ ̚ ̚ блюд u+F031B ⰱⱁ ̛ ̛ бо u+F031C ⰱⱃ 쑃 쑃 бр u+F0323 ⰲⰰ ̣ ̣ ва u+F0324 ⰲⰲ ̤ ̤ вв u+F0325 ⰲⰲⱃ ̥ ̥ ввр u+F0326 ⰲⰴ ̦ ̦ вд u+F0327 ⰲⰴⱅⰾ ̧ ̧ вдтл u+F0328 ⰲⰶ ̨ ̨ вж u+F0329 ⰲⰶⰴ ̩ ̩ вжд u+F032A ⰲⰸ ̪ ̪ вꙁ u+F032B ⰲⰸⰰ ̫ ̫ вꙁа u+F032C ⰲⰸⰲ ̬ ̬ вꙁв u+F032D ⰲⰸⰴ ̭ ̭ вꙁд u+F032E ⰲⰸⰴⰰ ̮ ̮ вꙁда u+F032F ⰲⰸⰴⰲ ̯ ̯ вꙁдв u+F0330 ⰲⰸⰾ ̰ ̰ вꙁл u+F0331 ⰲⰻ ̱ ̱ ви u+F0332 ⰲⰻⰴ ̲ ̲ вид u+F0333 ⰲⰾ ̳ ̳ вл u+F0334 ⰲⰾⰰ ̴ ̴ вла u+F0335 ⰲⰾⰻ ̵ ̵ вли u+F0336 ⰲⰾⱓ ̶ ̶ влю u+F0337 ⰲⰾⱓⰴ ̷ ̷ влюд u+F0338 ⰲⱁ ̸ ̸ во u+F0339 ⰲⱁⰴ ̹ ̹ вод u+F033A ⰲⱁⱅ ̺ ̺ вот u+F033B ⰲⱃ ̻ ̻ вр u+F033C ⰲⱃⱅ ̼ ̼ врт u+F033D ⰲⱃⱅⱁ ̽ ̽ врто u+F033E ⰲⱅ ̾ ̾ вт u+F033F ⰲⱅⱃ ̿ ̿ втр u+F0346 ⰳⰰ ͆ ͆ га u+F0347 ⰳⰲ ͇ ͇ гв u+F0348 ⰳⰲⰾ ͈ ͈ гвл u+F0349 ⰳⰲⱁ ͉ ͉ гво u+F034A ⰳⰴ ͊ ͊ гд u+F034B ⰳⰴⰰ ͋ ͋ гда u+F034C ⰳⰶ ͌ ͌ гж u+F034D ⰳⰻ ͍ ͍ ги u+F034E ⰳⰾ ͎ ͎ гл u+F034F ⰳⰾⰰ ͏ ͏ гла u+F0350 ⰳⰾⰲ ͐ ͐ глв u+F0351 ⰳⰾⰾⰶ ͑ ͑ гллж versus ю(titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯глагол versus же) u+F0352 ⰳⰾⱅ ͒ ͒ глт u+F0353 ⰳⰾⱓ ͓ ͓ глю u+F0354 ⰳⱁ 챁 챁 го u+F0355 ⰳⱁⰲ ͕ ͕ гов u+F0356 ⰳⱁⰲⰾ ͖ ͖ говл u+F0357 ⰳⱁⰶ ͗ ͗ гож u+F0358 ⰳⱁⰾ ͘ ͘ гол u+F0359 ⰳⱃ 챃 챃 гр u+F035A ⰳⱆ ͚ ͚ гу versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯гѹ, versus гꙋ) u+F0361 ⰴⰰ ͡ ͡ да u+F0362 ⰴⰲ 퀲 퀲 дв u+F0363 ⰴⰲⱁ ͣ ͣ дво u+F0364 ⰴⰾ ͤ ͤ дл u+F0365 ⰴⰾⱓ ͥ ͥ длю u+F036C ⰅⰅ ͬ ͬ ЕЕ u+F036D ⰵⰵ ͭ ͭ ее u+F036E ⰵⰶⰵ ͮ ͮ еже u+F0375 ⰶⰰ ͵ ͵ жа u+F0376 ⰶⰲ Ͷ Ͷ жв u+F0377 ⰆⰄ ͷ ͷ ЖД u+F0378 ⰶⰴ � � жд versus (titlo left half) +в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯defaultversusform:ss05) u+F0379 ⰶⰴ � � жд versus (titlo left half)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯variant:versusss05&ss04) u+F037A ⰶⰴⰰ ͺ ͺ жда u+F037B ⰶⰵ ͻ ͻ же u+F037C ⰶⰻ ͼ ͼ жи u+F037D ⰶⰾ ͽ ͽ жл u+F037E ⰶⰾⱓ ; ; жлю u+F037F ⰶⱁ Ϳ Ϳ жо u+F0380 ⰶⱅ ΀ ΀ жт u+F038D ⰸⰰ ΍ ΍ ꙁа u+F038E ⰸⰲ Ύ Ύ ꙁв u+F038F ⰸⰲⱁ Ώ Ώ ꙁво u+F0390 ⰸⰲⱃ ΐ ΐ ꙁвр u+F0391 ⰸⰲⱃⰶ Α Α ꙁврж u+F0392 ⰸⰴ   ꙁд versus (titlo left half) +в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯defaultversusform:ss05) u+F0393 ⰸⰴ   ꙁд versus (titlo left half)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯variant:versusss05&ss04) u+F0394 ⰸⰴⰰ Δ Δ ꙁда u+F0395 ⰸⰶ Ε Ε ꙁж u+F0396 ⰸⰻ Ζ Ζ ꙁи u+F0307 ⰸⰾ Η Η ꙁл u+F0398 ⰸⰾⰰ Θ Θ ꙁла u+F0399 ⰸⰾⰲ Ι Ι ꙁлв u+F039A ⰸⰾⱓ Κ Κ ꙁлю u+F039B ⰸⰿ Λ Λ ꙁм u+F039C ⰸⰿⰾ Μ Μ ꙁмл u+F039D ⰸⱀ Ν Ν ꙁн u+F039E ⰸⱁ Ξ Ξ ꙁо u+F039F ⰸⱃ Ο Ο ꙁр u+F03A0 ⰸⱃⰰ Π Π ꙁра u+F03A1 ⰸⱆ Ρ Ρ ꙁу versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ꙁѹ, versus ꙁꙋ) u+F03A8 ⰹⰶ Ψ Ψ іж u+F03A9 ⰹⰾ Ω Ω іл u+F03AA ⰺⰶ Ϊ Ϊ иж u+F03AB ⰺⱀ   ин versus (titlo left half) +в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titlorighthalf)→а︮в︦г︯defaultversusform:ss05) u+F03AC ⰺⱀ   ин versus (titlo left half)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯variant:versusss05&ss04) u+F03B2 ⰻⰲ β β ив u+F03B3 ⰻⰴ γ γ ид u+F03B4 ⰻⰶ δ δ иж u+F03B5 ⰻⰶⰵ ε ε иже u+F03B6 ⰻⰾ ζ ζ ил u+F03B7 ⰻⰾⰻ η η или u+F03B8 ⰻⰾⱁ θ θ ило u+F03B9 ⰻⱅ ι ι ит u+F03BA ⰻⱅⰴ κ κ итд u+F03C1 ⰼⰾ ρ ρ ђл versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯ггл,versusнгл> versusђ ан ел) u+F03C8 ⰾⰰ ψ ψ ла u+F03C9 ⰾⰲ ω ω лв u+F03CA ⰾⰲⰾ ϊ ϊ лвл u+F03CB ⰾⰲⱅ ϋ ϋ лвт u+F03CC ⰾⰴ ό ό лд u+F03CD ⰾⰶ ύ ύ лж u+F03CE ⰾⰻ ώ ώ ли u+F03CF ⰾⱁ Ϗ Ϗ ло u+F03D0 ⰾⱅ ϐ ϐ лт u+F03D1 ⰾⱅⰲ ϑ ϑ лтв u+F03D2 ⰾⱅⱃ ϒ ϒ лтр u+F03D3 ⰾⱓ   лю u+F03D4 ⰾⱓⰴ ϔ ϔ люд u+F03D5 ⰾⱓⱅ ϕ ϕ лют u+F03D6 ⰾⱓⱅⱁ ϖ ϖ люто u+F03DE ⰿⰶ Ϟ Ϟ мж u+F03DF ⰿⰶⰴ ϟ ϟ мжд мл14 ﰾ ﰾ u+F03E0 ⰿⰾ u+F03E1 ⰿⰾⱅⰲ ϡ ϡ млтв u+F03E2 ⰿⰹⰾ Ϣ Ϣ міл versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯мил) u+F03E3 ⰿⱄ, ⰿⰾⱄversus ϣ ϣ, versus ϣ мс versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯млс) u+F03E4 ⰿⱍ Ϥ Ϥ мч u+F03EB ⱞⰰ ϫ ϫ ма u+F03EC ⱞⰻ Ϭ Ϭ ми u+F03ED ⱞⱁ 硁 硁 мо u+F03F4 ⱀⰴ ϴ ϴ нд u+F03F5 ⱀⰴⰾ ϵ ϵ ндл u+F03F6 ⱀⰶ ϶ ϶ нж u+F03F7 ⱀⱁ Ϸ Ϸ но u+F0400 ⱁⰴ Ѐ Ѐ од u+F0401 ⱁⰶ Ё Ё ож u+F0402 ⱁⰾ Ђ Ђ ол u+F0403 ⱁⰾⰻ Ѓ Ѓ оли u+F0404 ⱁⰾⱓ Є Є олю u+F0405 ⱁⱅ Ѕ Ѕ от versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯unconfirmed) u+F0406 ⱁⱅⱁ І І ото versus (titlo lefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯(titloright→а︮в︦г︯unconfirmed) u+F040D ⱂⰰ Ѝ Ѝ па u+F040E ⱂⰲ Ў ࠲ пв u+F040F ⱂⰲⰴ Џ Џ пвд u+F0410 ⱂⰲⰴⰰ А А пвда u+F0411 ⱂⰲ ࠲ ࠲ пв u+F0412 ⱂⰻ В В пи u+F0413 ⱂⰻⱅ Г Г пит u+F0414 ⱂⰾ Д Д пл u+F0415 ⱂⰾⱁ Е Е пло u+F0416 ⱂⰾⱁⰲ Ж Ж плов u+F0417 ⱂⰾⱁⰴ З З плод

14) Ligatures in Slavic writing scripts almost always read from bottom-to-top (in this case M-L), but in rare circumstances they were interpreted according to the Grek model of top-to-bottom, such as in the word for “Jerusalem”: ⰵⱃⱄ̃ ⰿⰾ̃∙ u+F0418 ⱂⰾⱅ И И плт u+F0419 ⱂⰾⱓ Й Й плю u+F041A ⱂⰿⰾ К К пмл u+F041B ⱂⱁ Л Л по u+F041C ⱂⱁⰲ М М пов u+F041D ⱂⱁⰲⱃ Н Н повр u+F041E ⱂⱁⰴ О О под u+F041F ⱂⱁⰴⰰ П П пода u+F0420 ⱂⱁⱅ Р Р пот u+F0421 ⱂⱁⱅⱁ С С пото u+F0422 ⱂⱁⱅⱃ Т Т потр u+F0423 ⱂⱃ У У пр u+F0424 ⱂⱃⰲ Ф Ф прв u+F0425 ⱂⱃⰲⰴ Х Х првд u+F0426 ⱂⱃⰲⱁ Ц Ц прво u+F0427 ⱂⱃⱅ Ч Ч прт u+F0428 ⱂⱄ Ш Ш пс u+F0429 ⱂⱅ Щ Щ пт u+F042A ⱂⱅⱁ Ъ Ъ пто u+F0431 ⱃⰰ б б ра u+F0432 ⱃⰲ в в рв u+F0433 ⱃⰲⱁ г г рво u+F0434 ⱃⱅ д д рт u+F043B ⱄⰰ л л са u+F043C ⱄⰲ м м св u+F043D ⱄⰲⱁ н н сво u+F043E ⱄⰾ о о сл u+F043F ⱄⱁ п п со u+F0440 ⱄⱅ р р ст u+F0441 ⱄⱅⰲ с с ств u+F0442 ⱄⱅⰲⱁ т т ство u+F0443 ⱄⱅⰲⱃ у у ствр u+F0444 ⱄⱅⱁ ф ф сто u+F0445 ⱄⱅⱃ х х стр u+F044C ⱅⰰ ь ь та u+F044D ⱅⰲ ᐲ ᐲ тв u+F044E ⱅⰲⱁ ю ю тво u+F044F ⱅⰲⱃ я я твр u+F0450 ⱅⰲⱃⰴ ѐ ѐ тврд u+F0451 ⱅⰴ ё ё тд u+F0452 ⱅⰶ ђ ђ тж u+F0453 ⱅⰻ ѓ ѓ ти u+F0454 ⱅⰾ є є тл u+F0455 ⱅⰾⱓ ѕ ѕ тлю u+F0456 ⱅⱁ і і то u+F0457 ⱅⱃ ᑃ ᑃ тр u+F0458 ⱅⱃⱅ ј ј трт u+F0459 ⱅⱅ љ љ тт u+F0460 ⱎⰰ Ѡ Ѡ ша u+F0461 ⱎⰲ ѡ ѡ шв u+F0462 ⱎⰾⰻ Ѣ Ѣ шли u+F0463 ⱎⱃ ѣ ѣ шр u+F0464 ⱎⱅ Ѥ Ѥ шт u+F0465 ⱎⱅⱁ ѥ ѥ што u+F0476 ⱐⰺ Ѷ Ѷ ы u+F047D ⱑⰲ ѽ ѽ ѣв versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧв) u+F047E ⱑⰶⰵ Ѿ Ѿ ѣже versusж (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧ е) u+F047F ⱑⰽ ѿ ѿ ѣк versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧк) u+F0480 ⱑⰾ Ҁ Ҁ ѣл versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧл) u+F0481 ⱑⱅ ҁ ҁ ѣт versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧт) u+F0482 ⱑⱅⱁ ҂ ҂ ѣто versus (titlolefthalf)+в◌︦(conjoiningmacron)г◌︯right→а︮в︦г︯ѧто) u+F0489 ⱓⰴ ҉ ҉ юд u+F048A ⱓⰶ Ҋ Ҋ юж u+F048B ⱓⰶⰵ ҋ ҋ юже u+F048C ⱓⰾ Ҍ Ҍ юл u+F048D ⱓⱃ ҍ ҍ юр u+F048E ⱓⱅ Ҏ Ҏ ют u+F048F ⱓⱅⱃ ҏ ҏ ютр u+F0490 ⱓⱓ Ґ Ґ юю Appendix: Resources for Advanced Study

1) Books Hercigonija E. Povijest hrvatske književnosti. Knj. 2. Srednjovjekovna književnost. Zagreb, 1975. Vaillant A. Manuel du vieux slave. Paris, 1948 = Вайан А. Руководство по старославянскому языку. М., 1952 and reprints. Žagar, Mateo. Introduction to Glagolitic Paleography. (forthcoming publication) (https://www.winter-verlag.de/de/detail/978-3-8253-4608-9/Zagar_Glagolitic_Paleography/) Афанасьева Т. И., Козак В. В., Соболев А. Н. Глаголическая письменность западных Балкан. Учебно-методическое пособие. СПб, Наука. 2016. Иванова T. A. Старославянский язык. 4-е издание. СПб., 2005. Щепкин В. Н. Русская палеография. М., 1967.

2) Internet Resources Старославянский язык (http://ekislova.ru/sla/oldchurchslavonik) Памятники старославянского языка: книги (http://ekislova.ru/sla/books) Манускрипт - Древние славянские памятники (http://manuscripts.ru/) ivan.vucica.net :: Glagolitic Transliterator (https://ivan.vucica.net/glagolitic/) Библиотека Фронтистеса (http://ksana-k.narod.ru/)

3) Videos for Basic Instruction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VDcqlgxgkBk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E7YHUeLxRv4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFAeVf8qCHQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YCSFuAvlFOo