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Federal Communications Commission FCC 90-281 5 FCC Red No. 17 Federal Communications Commission FCC 90-281 states that these two allocations would provide 34 chan- Before the nels of local radio service and 66 channels of satellite Federal Communications Commission service. Washington, D.C. 20554 4. Second, on May 22, 1990, Radio Satellite Corpora- tion (RSC) filed an application to construct and operate an earth station that would provide digital audio program- ming along with other mobile services through the mobile GEN Docket No. 90-357 satellite system licensed to the American Mobile Satellite Corporation. RSC proposes to resell satellite capacity on a In the Matter of non-common carrier basis to common carrier and broad- cast entities who would provide the services. Amendment of the Commission's Rules 5. Third, on July 27, 1990, Strother Communications, with regard to the Establishment Inc. (SCI) filed a petition for rule making requesting the and Regulation of New Digital Audio Commission to allocate spectrum and adopt rules for a terrestrial digital audio broadcasting system (DAB). In Radio Services SCI's proposal, DAB channels would first be made avail- able to existing AM and FM broadcasters. The remaining channels would be allocated using an ajpIication filing NOTICE OF INQUIRY window, and, in the case of mutually exclusive applica- tions, either lotteries or comparative hearings would de- Adopted: August 1, 1990; Released: August 21, 1990 termine the licensee. SCI proposes that a primary allocation of 48 MHz be made available for DAB in the By the Commission: Commissioner Duggan issuing a 225-2700 MHz range, with the preferred allocation as statement. close to 225 MHz as possible. Sd States that 48 MHz of spectrum would provide 192 DAB channels of 250 kHz 1. By this action, the Commission commences an initial each. inquiry into the development and implementation of new 6. In Europe, efforts are now underway to develop digital audio radio services. The Commission seeks in- technical standards for digital radio. The European Broad- formation that will assist it in developing technical stan- casting Union (EBU) and the European Eureka "Digital dards and regulatory policies for the possible introduction Audio Broadcasting" research and development project of such new digital radio services. have been studying approaches to provide high quality sound service and have developed an advanced digital approach for both satellite and terrestrial sound broadcast- ? BACKGROUND ing.4 2. Digital audio radio services encompass a wide range of technologies and techniques used to provide sound quality much higher than can now be provided by exist- DISCUSSION ing AM and FM broadcasting services. In general, it refers 7. Given these recent developments, and the variety of to the use of digital modulation techniques to provide proposals for digital audio radio services presented to the "compact disk" quality audio; improved stereo separation, Commission,5 we believe that it is appropriate to begin a even in mobile environments; greater dynamic range; bet- broad inquiry into all aspects of digital audio radio ser- ter signal-to-noise and interference performance; and, vice. It is our intention in this proceeding to begin to elimination or reduction of muitipath and fading prob- focus public attention on this potentially important new lems. A number of parties both in the United States and medium so that the Commission will be in a position to Europe are exploring the prospect for transmitting audio act in an expeditious and reasoned manner to facilitate programming using digital modulation techniques. the emergence of digital radio as appropriate. The expedi- 3. The Commission has received three filings requesting ency of this proceeding assumes even greater importance, authorization to provide digital audio broadcasting ser- as we are in the process of formulating the United State's vices) First, on May 18, 1990. Satellite CD Radio. Inc. frequency allocation proposals for the 1992 World Ad- (Satellite CD Radio) filed a petition for rule making to ministrative Radio Conference (1992 WARC),6 allocate frequencies for a new CD-quality radio service.2 8. While digital radio service promises to offer signifi- According to Satellite CD radio, this new service would cant quality and performance improvements, it also raises be provided in part by satellites and in part by terrestrial a number of important regulatory issues. One is the im- transmitters. For the satellite portion, it proposes to sell pact digital radio would have on existing audio services. A transponder capacity on a non-commort carrier basis to second issue, and perhaps the most difficult, is how to both existing AM and FM broadcasters seeking accommodate the spectrum needs of digital audio service. "superstation" status and new entities desiring to provide We also should consider the regulatory structure or struc- nationwide radio programming to subscription customers. tures needed to ensure that the public benefits of digital The terrestrial portion of the system would be made avail- radio are most efficiently realized. Another issue, given able to existing AM and FM broadcasters. Satellite CD the variety of frequencies proposed for use in the pending Radio proposes a primary allocation for terrestrial oper- applications, is whether one set of governing policies ations in the 1460-1470 MHz band. in addition, it pro- should be adopted for the service regardless of the fre- poses a primary allocation for digital satellite radio service quencies used or whether policies unique to each pro- in the 1470-1530 MHz band. This band is presently used posed band and service offering should be adopted. For for aeronautical telemetry operations. Satellite CD Radio example, should terrestrial digital audio radio service be 5237 FCC 90.281 Federal Communications Commission Record s FCC Rcd No. 17 regulated as a broadcasting service, or a private service, vices, should satellite digital audio radio' service be pro- while satellite digital audio radio is regulated as a com- vided as part of the mobile satellite service (MSS), as RSC mon carrier? proposes, or should it be designated as a new satellite 9. Potential for Improved Quality and Service. Digital service? radio offers the potential for significant improvements in 12. Accommodating Digital Audio. While we wish to the sound quality of audio programming. We seek com- encourage technical innovation and the development of ment on the ramifications of these potential improve- new services, such as digital audio, we must weigh these ments on both broadcasters and the listening public. For factors against competing demands for the use of the example, has the wide consumer acceptance of compact spectrum. We must judge the benefits of digital radio disk players made the quality of existing AM and FM service against the needs of other existing and proposed radio services less satisfactory to consumers? If it has, how new services. Accordingly, we seek comment on the hs this dissatisfaction been manifested and is it likely to amount of spectrum required for a digital radio service, increase over time? To what extent would consumers be potential frequency bands where such service(s) could be willing to pay extra for new equipment, capable of receiv- accommodated, and the impact that such digital radio ing digital audio, broadcasts, for an incremental increase allocation(s) may have on the availability of spectrum for in sound quality? If some improvement in quality is other services. In this regard, we ask comnienters particu- desireable, should performance benchmarks be used to larly to address the issue of whether the existing UHF judge audio quality? Can these be quantified? To what television allocation can, or should, be used to provide extent should inultipath and fading performance be a digital audio services in Light of the need for this spec- factor? Digital audio systems are now being developed for trum to accommodate ATV.8 As previously noted, the advanced television (ATV) systems.7 To what extent could proposal of RSC does not involve a frequency ATV be used for the provision of radio audio services? reallocation. We seek comment on the feasibility and Conversely, would developments in digital radio be of desirability of permitting digital audio radio service in any value to ATV? bands generally allocated for the mobile satellite service. 10. We also request information on other issues relating Also, we ask commenters to discuss how the development to implementation of digital radio broadcasting by provid- of this service might lead to future spectrum efficiencies. ers of the service, such as cost and coverage area. What 13. If a new frequency allocation is provided for digital would be the service provider's cost to provide digital audio service, should provision be made for both satellite radio? We note that digital radio services can be provided and terrestrial operations within the same band? Such an by satellite and terrestrial based transmitters. A satellite- approach could expand the potential international market based system would appear to offer the benefits of wide- for digital audio receivers, since both terrestrial and sat- coverage area and would appear most conducive to ellite services would be able to use the same receivers. providing regional or national digital audio services. Such Should separate bands be reserved soley for terrestrial a service could offer important public benefits of bringing broadcasting and for satellite-based digital radio service?
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