Mining & Green Economy

Mining Industry MINING & GREEN ECONOMY INDUSTRY MEETING FOR SUSTAINABILITY CNI – NATIONAL CONFEDERATION OF INDUSTRY – BRAZIL Robson Braga de Andrade President EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORSHIP – DIRET Rafael Esmeraldo Lucchesi Ramacciotti Education and Technology Director BRAZILIAN MINING ASSOCIATION – IBRAM DIRECTING COUNCIL Ricardo Vescovi de Aragão President Luiz Eulálio Moraes Terra Vice-President EXECUTIVE BOARD José Fernando Coura Chief Executive Officer Marcelo Ribeiro Tunes Director of Mining Affairs Rinaldo César Mancin Director of Environmental Affairs Ary Fernandes Pedreira Chief Administrative Officer Walter Batista Alvarenga Director of Institutional Relations BRASÍLIA 2012 © 2012. CNI – National Confederation of Industry Any part of this publication may be reproduced provided the source is cited. C748m National Confederation of Industry. Brazilian Mining Association. Mining & green economy / National Confederation of Industry. Brazilian Mining Association. – Brasília : CNI, 2012. 69 p. (Rio+20 Sectorial fascicle) 1. Sustainability 2. United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development I. Title II. Series CDU: 502.14 (063) CNI IBRAM National Federation of Industries Brazilian Mining Association Headquarters Headquarters Setor Bancário Norte SHIS QL 12 Conjunto 0 (zero) Casa 04 Quadra 1 – Bloco C 71630-205 – Brasília – DF Edifício Roberto Simonsen Tel.: (61) 3364-7272 / 3364-7200 70040-903 – Brasília – DF www.ibram.org.br Phone: (61) 3317-9000 Fax: (61) 3317-9994 www.cni.org.br LIST OF ACRONYMS DNPM National Mineral Production Department Rio-92 A set of resolutions adopted at the international Eco 92 Conference or Eco-92 / held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992. It was organized by the UN, relied Agenda 21 on the participation of 179 countries and culminated in measures to reconcile economic and social growth with environmental preservation. Under Agenda 21, the individual countries established the bases for environmental preservation in their territories, thereby making sustainable development possible BEN National Energy A MDIC Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade PMB Brazilian Mineral Production Rio+10 United Nations Conference on Environment and Sustainable Development, held in Johannesburg Rio+20 Conference held 20 years after Rio 92 PNM2030 National Mining Plan for 2030 WBCSD World Business Council for Sustainable Development. LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The relationship between land area, population density and Gross Domestic Product and the growth of countries .................... 21 Figure 2. The global urbanization process ............................................................ 22 Figure 3. Trends in Brazil’s mining production ....................................................... 23 Figure 4. Mining industry as a share of Brazil’s Trade Balance ........................... 24 Figure 5. Importance of mining in terms of job creation ........................................ 24 Figure 6. Number of existing jobs and expected to be created in the mining industry by 2030 (Numbers in Thousands of Jobs) .......... 25 Figura 7. Foreign trade of the mineral sector amounts in millions of US$ (Exports) ..................................................................... 25 Figura 8. Foreign trade of the mineral sector amounts in millions of US$ (Imports) ..................................................................... 26 Figure 9. Main steps of a mining activity and their interference with water resources ........................................................... 31 Figure 10. Desenho esquemático do sistema de recirculação de água em mineração de ferro ........................................ 32 Figure 11. Participation of IBRAM in the steering bodies of the National Water Resources Council (CNRH) ................................. 34 Figure 12. Carajás NF area in the municipality of Parauapebas, Pará, in 1980 ..... 37 Figure 13. Carajás NF area in the municipality of Parauapebas, Pará, in 2006 ..... 37 Figure 14. Greenhouse gas inventory for the mining sector .................................... 38 Figure 15. Distribution (in percentage terms) of the total estimated emissions for the 10 minerals covered in IBRAM’s GHG Inventory, 2010 .......................... 39 Figure 16. Scope of the total emissions (in percentage terms) for the 10 minerals covered in IBRAM’s GHG Inventory, 2010 ............... 40 Figure 17. Mortality rate halved in mining sector between 1999 and 2009 ............. 43 Figure 18. Amazon – Mining projects and active mines versus protected areas .... 57 Figure 19. Boundaries of the Brazilian continental shelf (source: PNM, 2030) ....... 58 Figure 20. Map illustrating infrastructure in Brazil .................................................... 60 Table 1. Share of mining industry in Brazil’s GDP ................................................ 23 Table 2. Relevance of Brazil in the global mining production .............................. 26 Table 3. Energy Consumption – Mining and Pelletizing (toe) ............................... 28 Table 4. Energy Consumption – Mining and Pelletizing (%) ................................. 28 Table 5. Energy Consumption – Ferroalloys (toe) ................................................ 29 Table 6. Energy Consumption – Ferroalloys (%) .................................................. 29 Table 7. Energy Consumption – Non-ferrous metals and metallurgy (toe) .......... 30 Table 8. Energy Consumption – Non-ferrous metals and metallurgy (%) ............ 30 Table 9. Water consumption (m3) for some mineral varieties (2010) .................. 31 Table 10. Annual consumption and the rate recycling/ recirculation for different types of minerals ............................................. 33 Table 11. Biodiversity related actions regarding different mineral types in 2010 ... 35 Table 12. Investments in environmental conservation regarding different mineral types in 2010 ................................................................ 36 Table 13. Total tailings generated and average percentage share of each substance in the decade 1996-2005 and during 2010-2030 .... 41 Table 14. Emissions of particulate matter related to the production of different mineral types ........................................................................ 42 Table 15. Investments in safety programs (2010) .................................................. 44 Table 16. Procedures and relevant bodies for the granting of mineral rights ........ 49 SUMMARY CNI presentation Sectorial presentation Background .............................................................................................................. 15 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 17 1.1 Ibram ........................................................................................................... 17 1.2 Objectives of this Issue ............................................................................... 17 2 Industry Profile ....................................................................................................... 19 2.1 The Global Mining Industry ......................................................................... 21 2.2 Caracterização econômica ......................................................................... 22 2.3 Socio environmental profile ......................................................................... 27 3 Economic and socio environmental regulations with relevance to the mining industry ........................................................................................... 45 3.1 Main international agreements and regulatory issues relevant to the sector ................................................................................... 45 3.2 Main national regulations in force in major foreign mining markets with impacts on the industry ......................................................... 48 3.3 Main regulatory aspects and regulations relevant to the mining sector in Brazil ............................................................................................. 49 4 Business practices for sustainable development (1992-2011) ............................ 51 4.1 Initiatives for disclosure and transparency on the environmental performance of the mining sector ............................................................... 51 4.2 Best practice initiatives developed by IBRAM for the mining sector .......... 52 5 Challenges and opportunities for the mining sector to achieve sustainability ........................................................................................ 55 5.1 Main international trends for the sector within the sustainabilityframework ............................................................................... 55 5.2 Challenges facing the mining sector within the framework of sustainable development ........................................................................ 56 5.3 Opportunities available to the mining sector within the framework of sustainable development ........................................................................ 60 6 ANNEX – Roster of IBRAM’s members ................................................................. 63 CNI PRESentation The diversity of the national industry and the significant availability of natural resources reveal excellent opportunities for the sustainable development of Brazil, combining economic growth, social inclusion and environmental conservation. The materializa- tion of

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