‘’›”‹‰Š–̹ʹͲͳͳȂ‹‘‡Ž‹’”ƒ†‹Ȁ‡†‹œ‹‘‹ Š‹•„‘‘‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡”ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• ––”‹„—–‹‘ȂŠƒ”‡Ž‹‡͵ǤͲ—’‘”–‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‘— ƒ”‡ƒ†–Š‡–‡š–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀŽ‹ ‡•‡•Ȁ„›Ǧ•ƒȀ͵ǤͲȀŽ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡  ‹‘‡Ž‹’”ƒ†‹Ǽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǣƒ—•‡”‰—‹†‡ǽ‡†‹œ‹‘‹ʹͲͳͳ ǣͻ͹ͺͺͺͻͷͻͻͶͷͷͲ  ‘‡’ƒ”–•‘ˆ–Š‡„‘‘•ƒ”‡–ƒ‡ˆ”‘˜ƒ”‹‘—••‘—” ‡• ȋ‹‹’‡†‹ƒǡ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ™‡„•‹–‡ǡ‡– ǤȌǤ Š‡•‡’ƒ”–•ƒ”‡Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡”–Š‡‹”•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ••–ƒ–‡†‹–Š‡ˆ‘‘–‘–‡•Ǥ   ‡”•‹‘ʹǤͲ ‹‹•Š‡†‹ƒ›ʹͲͳͳƒ†ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‘Ž‹‡ ƒ–™™™ǤƒŽ‹’”ƒ†‹Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ Ǧ—•‡”Ǧ‰—‹†‡Ǥ Ž‡ƒ•‡’‘‹–‘—––Š‹•‡˜‡”›–‹‡›‘—“—‘–‡Ȁ‡–‹‘–Š‹•„‘‘Ǥ  Ž‡ƒ•‡”‡’‘”–ƒ›’”‹–ǡ–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘ǡ‘”‘–Š‡”‡””‘” ƒ†‡˜‡”›‹†‘ˆ•—‰‰‡•–‹‘ ƒ–™™™ǤƒŽ‹’”ƒ†‹Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‡Ȁ ‘–ƒ –Ǥ   Šƒ•–‘–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†›‘— ƒ†‘™Ž‘ƒ†‹–ˆ‘”ˆ”‡‡ ‹ –‡”‡–ǡ„—–‹ˆ›‘—™ƒ––‘•—’’‘”–ƒ†’”‘‘–‡–Š‹•‹† ‘ˆ —Ž–—”ƒŽ’”‘†— –‹‘’Ž‡ƒ•‡ ‘•‹†‡”„—›‹‰ƒ’ƒ’‡”˜‡”•‹‘Ǥ ‘”‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž•ƒ„‘—–Š‘™–‘‘”†‡”›‘—” ‘’›ƒ– ™™™ǤƒŽ‹’”ƒ†‹Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ Ǧ—•‡”Ǧ‰—‹†‡Ǥ  ‘˜‡”‹ƒ‰‡–ƒ‡ˆ”‘–Š‡˜‹†‡‘Dz ‡– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡dz Š––’ǣȀȀ‹””‘”•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‰‡– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡Ȁ  †‹–‘”ǣ‹‘‡Ž‹’”ƒ†‹ ••‹•–ƒ–‡†‹–‘”ǣƒ” ‘”—• Š‹   ‹•‹–‘—”™‡„•‹–‡•ǣ™™™ǤŽ‡†‹œ‹‘‹Ǥ‹–ƒ†™™™ǤŽ‡†‹’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰Ǥ ‘  ‡†‹œ‹‘‹‘ˆˆ‡”•”‡’”‹–•ƒ†‡™• Š‘Žƒ”Ž›„‘‘• „‘–Š‹’”‹–ƒ†‡ˆ‘”ƒ–Ǥ

Index  ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹  ǯ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻ        ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳͳ ͳǤ”‡ƒ„Ž‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳʹ ʹǤŠƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‹•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͵ ƒǤŠ‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘Œ‡ –ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͵ „ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͵ ǤŠ‡’”‘Œ‡ –•’‹”‹–ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳͶ †Ǥ—”‹‘•‹–›ǣ–Š‡‘”‹‰‹‘ˆDz”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•dzƒ‡ǤǤǤǤ ͳͷ ͵ǤŠƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‹•‘– ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͸ ƒǤ –‹•‘–ƒ’—„Ž‹ „‘†›™‹–Š‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ†—–‹‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͸ „Ǥ –‹•‘–ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–›Ž‹‡ǡ ‘”•‹‹Žƒ”ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͸ Ǥ –‹•‘–ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽƒ†˜‹ ‡•‡”˜‹ ‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͹ ͶǤŠ‡Ž‘ ƒŽ’‘”–‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡• ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳ͹       ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͳͻ ͳǤƒ•‹ ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹͲ ƒǤ†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘‘ˆDz ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ž‹ ‡•‡dzǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹͲ „ǤŠ‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ†–Š‡”‡•–”‹ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹͲ ǤŠ‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ†–Š‡ƒ “—‹•‹–‹‘‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹͳ †Ǥ‹ ‡•‘”ƒ†Ž‹ ‡•‡‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹͳ ‡Ǥ”‹–‹‰ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹʹ ˆǤŠ‡•‡•‡‘ˆ–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹʹ ʹǤŠ‡–Š”‡‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•Šƒ’‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹ͵ ƒǤŠ‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹ͵ „ǤŠ‡‘‘•†‡‡†ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹ͵ ǤŠ‡‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‘†‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹͶ ͵ǤŠ‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •ƒ†–Š‡ˆ— –‹‘‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤ ʹ͸ ƒǤ‘‘ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•‘ˆƒŽŽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡ ‡•Ǥ ʹ͸ „Ǥ–”— –—”‡ƒ†„ƒ•‹  Žƒ—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ʹ͹ ǤŠ‡Ž‹ ‡•‡••‡– ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵Ͳ †ǤŠ‡—’†ƒ–‡‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡• ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ʹ ͶǤ–Š‡”•’‡ ‹ƒŽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•–‘‘Ž•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ʹ ƒǤŽ—•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ʹ „ǤͲȋ‡”‘Ȍ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵Ͷ           ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵͹ ͳǤƒ•‹ ƒ†˜‹ ‡•ˆ‘”ƒ ‘””‡ –ƒ’’”‘ƒ ŠǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ͺ ʹǤ‡ˆ‘”‡Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ͻ ƒǤƒ‡•—”‡›‘—”™‘”ˆƒŽŽ•™‹–Š‹–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ͻ „Ǥƒ‡•—”‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š–•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͵ͻ Ǥƒ‡•—”‡›‘——†‡”•–ƒ†Š‘™”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•‘’‡”ƒ–‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͶͲ †Ǥ‡•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ–›‘—ƒ”‡Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷʹ ‡Ǥ”‡›‘—ƒ‡„‡”‘ˆƒ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–›ǫ ˆ•‘ǡ†‘‡•‹– ƒŽŽ‘™›‘—–‘ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡›‘—”™‘”•ǫǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷ͵ ͵Ǥ ‘™–‘ Š‘‘•‡–Š‡‘•–•—‹–ƒ„Ž‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷ͵ ƒǤ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡ Žƒ—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡• ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷ͵ „Ǥ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡—’†ƒ–‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͶͶ Ǥ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͶͶ ͶǤ‡‰ƒŽ•—‰‰‡•–‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷͷ ƒǤŠ‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷ͸ „Ǥ•‡‘ˆŽ‘‰‘•ƒ†Dz˜‹•—ƒŽ•dzǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷ͸ ͷǤŠ‡‰—‹†‡†’”‘ ‡••ˆ‘” Š‘‘•‹‰ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ Ͷͻ ͸Ǥ‡ Š‹ ƒŽ•—‰‰‡•–‹‘• ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͷ͵ ƒǤƒ”‹‰”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•™‘”•ǣ‰‡‡”ƒŽƒ•’‡ –•Ǥ ͷͶ „Ǥƒ”‹‰•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ‹†•‘ˆˆ‹Ž‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͷͷ Ǥ—„Ž‹•Š‹‰›‘—”™‘”–Š”‘—‰Šƒ•‘ ‹ƒŽ‡–™‘”‹‰•‹–‡ ‘”ƒˆ‹Ž‡•Šƒ”‹‰•›•–‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͷ͹ †Ǥ ‹†‹‰™‘”•—†‡””‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡• ǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͷͺ           ȋ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡͵ǤͲǡ—’‘”–‡†˜‡”•‹‘Ȍ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͸ͳ             ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͸ͻ ‹ƒ†‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹Ͳ ‘˜‡”ƒ ‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͳ ‘ƒ”†ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͳ ‡ Š‹ ƒŽ†˜‹•‘”›‘ƒ”†ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͳ —†‹–‘‹––‡‡ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͳ ›’‡•‘ˆ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ʹ —”‹•†‹ –‹‘’‘”–•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ʹ ”‹–‹ ‹•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͵ ‡‡”ƒŽ ”‹–‹ ‹• ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͵ ‹ ‡•‡’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„‹Ž‹–›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹Ͷ ‹ ‡•‡‹•—•‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹Ͷ Š‡ ”‡‡‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͷ –Š‡” ”‹–‹ ‹••‘ˆ–Š‡‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ‹ ‡•‡ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͸ ‡„‹ƒǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͸ ‡‰ƒŽ ƒ•‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͹ —– Š–ƒ„Ž‘‹†ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͹ ‹”‰‹‘„‹Ž‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹͹ Ǧ—•‹ Ȃ’ƒ‹•Š‘—”–ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍ ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹͹       ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͹ͻ        ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ ͻͳ    ǡ     ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳ͵ ‘‘•ƒ†ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳͶ ‡„•‹–‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳ͸ PREFACE byCarloPiana

 ‹‘‡‹•ƒƒ”–‹•–ƒ†ƒˆ‹‡Žƒ™›‡”Ǥ ”‡“—‡–Ž›–Š‡‘—– ‘‡ ‘ˆ–Š‹• ‘„‹ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒŽƒ™›‡”™Š‘‡†•—’„‡‹‰ƒƒ”–‹•–Ǥ –Š‡ ‘–”ƒ•–ǡ ‹‘‡ Šƒ• Š‘•‡ –Š‡ Šƒ”† ™ƒ›ǡ –Š‡ ‘‡ –Šƒ– „”‹‰•–Š‡Ž‡ƒ•–‰Žƒ‘—”Ǥ ‡Šƒ• Š‘•‡–‘†‘‰‘‘†–‘Š—ƒ‹–› –Š”‘—‰Š„‡‹‰ƒŽƒ™›‡”ƒ††‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‰Ž‡‰ƒŽ‘™Ž‡†‰‡Ǥ ‹•™”‹–‹‰•‘ ‘’›Ž‡ˆ–ƒ†•Šƒ”‹‰–Š‡‘™Ž‡†‰‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ‹•’‹”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ –‘ ƒ› ‘ˆ —• ‹ –ƒŽ›ǡ ƒ†  Šƒ˜‡ ™‡Ž ‘‡† –Š‡ ‘’’‘”–—‹–›–‘‹ ”‡ƒ•‡–Š‡ƒ—†‹‡ ‡„›™”‹–‹‰ƒ‰Ž‹•Š‡••ƒ›Ǥ Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ƒ‡–Š—•‹ƒ•–‹ ”‡ƒ†‡”‘ˆ–Š‡ –ƒŽ‹ƒ˜‡”•‹‘ǡƒ†–Š‹• ‰Ž‹•Š‘‡Šƒ•—†‘—„–‡†Ž›‘”‡–Šƒ‡–›‡š’‡ –ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ  ƒ †‘™Ǧ–‘Ǧ„—•‹‡••ǡ ‘Ǧ‘•‡•‡ǡ ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ ƒ––‹–—†‡ǡ ‹‘‡ †”‹˜‡• —• –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‹–”‹ ƒ ‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‹‰‹–Š‡”‡ƒŽ™‘”Ž†Ǥ 8 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

– ‹• ƒ ‡™ ƒ† ƒ– –Š‡ •ƒ‡ –‹‡ ‘Ž† –‘’‹ ǡ –Šƒ– ›‡ƒ”• ‘ˆ Dz‹–‡ŽŽ‡ –—ƒŽ ’”‘’‡”–›dz ‘‘Ǧ —Ž–—”‡ Šƒ˜‡ Š‹††‡ ˆ”‘ •‹‰Š– ‘ˆ „‘–ŠŽƒ™›‡”•ƒ†ƒ—–Š‘”•‘”†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡”•ǡ•‘— Š–Šƒ–™‡Šƒ˜‡–‘ ‹˜‡–Ž‡‰ƒŽŠƒ •–‘ƒ‡‹†‡ƒ•ƒ†•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ”‡‡Ǥ—”ƒ ‡•–‘”• †‹† ‘– ™‘””› ƒ„‘—– –Š‹•ǣ •Šƒ”‹‰ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ™ƒ• •‹’Ž‡ ƒ† •–”ƒ‹‰Š–ˆ‘”™ƒ”†ǡ Œ—•– ƒ• •’‡ƒ‹‰ǡ ’ƒ‹–‹‰ǡ ’Žƒ›‹‰ —•‹ ǡ „—‹Ž†‹‰ –‘‘Ž• ƒ† –Š‹‰• ™‡”‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽǤ ‘™ƒ†ƒ›•ǡ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‘ ‡’–••‡‡–‘”‡“—‹”‡ƒ–”‹’Ž‡„ƒ ™ƒ”†•‘‡”•ƒ—Ž––‘„‡’—– ‹ ’”ƒ –‹ ‡ ‹ ƒ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘” –Šƒ– ƒ‡• •‹’Ž‡” –‘ •‡ŽŽ –Š‡ —•ƒŽƒ„Ž‡Ȃƒ‹†‡ƒ – –Šƒ•Šƒ”‹‰‹–Ǥ‡Šƒ˜‡‹˜‡–‡†–Š‡‘•– ’‘™‡”ˆ—Ž‹•–”—‡–‹Š‹•–‘”›ƒˆ–‡”–Š‡’”‹–‹‰’”‡••–‘•Šƒ”‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ – –Š‡ –‡”‡– – ƒ† ‘—” ‡–‹”‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ •›•–‡ •‡‡• •Šƒ’‡†‘Ž›–‘’”‡˜‡––Š‹•‘™Ž‡†‰‡ˆ”‘„‡‹‰•Šƒ”‡†Ǥ ”–‹•–• ƒ† •‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡”• ƒ”‡ •‹‹Žƒ” ‹ –Šƒ– –Š‡› ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž›†‡•’‹•‡–Š‡Žƒ™ǡ•‘‡–‹‡•‘–™‹–Š‘—–”‡ƒ•‘Ǥ‘–Š ‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ”‡‹†‹”‡‡‡†‘ˆ•‘‡ƒ ‡••‹„Ž‡ǡ ‘Š‡”‡–ƒ† ‘””‡ – ‰—‹†ƒ ‡ ‘ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ•’‡ –• „‡ ƒ—•‡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘–Š‹‰ ™‘”•‡ –Šƒ ‘’Ž‡–‡‹‰‘”ƒ ‡ǡ„ƒ””‹‰‹’‡”ˆ‡ –‘™Ž‡†‰‡Ǥ‹‘‡ǯ• „‘‘ ‹• ’”‡ ‹•‡Ž› ™Šƒ– ƒ ƒ”–‹•– ‡‡†• –‘ ”‡ƒ† –‘ ‘™ ™Šƒ– ‡‡†•–‘„‡†‘‡Ǥ‘––Šƒ–Ž‡‰ƒŽƒ†˜‹ ‡™‹ŽŽ„‡‡–‹”‡Ž›ƒ˜‘‹†‡†ǡ ‹ˆ ƒ›–Š‹‰‰‘‡•™”‘‰Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”™‹•‡†‡ ‹•‹‘• ƒŠ‡Ž’’”‡˜‡– ‘•–‘”ƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡‡‰ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•Ǥ ‡ƒ†‡”•™‹ŽŽˆ‹†ƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ„‘˜‡‹–Š‹•„‘‘Ǥ                    AUTHOR’SPRESENTATION      Š‹• „‘‘ ȋ› ˆ‹”•– ‘‡ ‹ ‰Ž‹•ŠȌ ‹• ƒ ‘ˆˆ•’—”– ‘ˆ ƒ ’”‡˜‹‘—•„‘‘™Š‹ Š™ƒ•’—„Ž‹•Š‡†‹ –ƒŽ‹ƒ‹ –‘„‡”ʹͲͲͺ ƒ†™Š‹ ŠŠƒ•Šƒ†•‘‡•— ‡••‹ –ƒŽ›Ǥ—‡–‘–Š‹•‹–•‡‡‡† —•‡ˆ—Ž –‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ ‡†‹–‹‘ ˆ‘” ƒ Žƒ”‰‡” ƒ—†‹‡ ‡ǡ ‘—–•‹†‡ –Š‡ „‘”†‡”•‘ˆ› ‘—–”›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‹•‰Ž‹•Š‡†‹–‹‘‹•‘–ƒ‡”‡–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ –ƒŽ‹ƒ –‡š–ǡ „—– ‹– ‹• ƒ ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ‡ ‹– ‘”‡ ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”ƒ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ—†‹‡ ‡Ǥ ˆ–‡” › ‘–Š‡” ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘• ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‘’›Ž‡ˆ– —Ž–—”‡ ȋ‹ –Š‡ „”‘ƒ†‡•– •‡•‡Ȍǡ –Š‡ ‹•’‹”ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ƒ „‘‘ –Šƒ– ‹• •’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒŽŽ›†‡†‹ ƒ–‡†–‘”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• ƒ‡ˆ”‘•‡˜‡”ƒŽ ›‡ƒ”•‘ˆ›ƒ••‹†—‘—•’ƒ”–‹ ‹’ƒ–‹‘‹ƒ‹Ž‹‰Ž‹•–•ƒ†’—„Ž‹  †‡„ƒ–‡• ‘ ‡”‹‰ –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǣ ‹ ˆƒ –ǡ †—”‹‰ –Š‡•‡ †‹• —••‹‘• ƒ •‡”‹‡• ‘ˆ ‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰•ǡ ™Š‹ Š ‡™„‹‡• ”‡‰—Žƒ”Ž› Šƒ†ǡ ‘•‹•–‡–Ž› ‡‡”‰‡†Ǥ Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ”‡ƒ•‘  10 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

–Š‘—‰Š– –Šƒ– ƒ ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰ ƒ—ƒŽ ȋ™‹–Š ‘ ˆ”‹ŽŽ• ƒ† –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ‹–‹‡•Ȍ ‘—Ž†ˆ‹ƒŽŽ›”‡•‘Ž˜‡–Š‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‘’‡–Šƒ–›™‘”™‹ŽŽ•‡”˜‡ƒ•ƒ‹ ‡–‹˜‡ˆ‘”–Š‡—•‡ƒ† †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘†‡Ž• ˆ‘” –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•ǡ•— Šƒ•”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ†ƒŽŽ–Š‡ ‘–Š‡” ”‡Žƒ–‡† ‹•–”—‡–•Ǥ † ‘™ ‘– ‘Ž› ‹ –Š‡ –ƒŽ‹ƒ ‘–‡š–ǡ „—– ƒŽŽ ‘˜‡” –Š‡ ™‘”Ž†  Š‘’‡ ›‘— ‡Œ‘› ”‡ƒ†‹‰ –Š‹• „‘‘Ǥ  ›•’‡ ‹ƒŽ–Šƒ•–‘ǣ —Ž‹ƒǡˆ‘”Š‡”’”‡ ‹‘—• ‘•—Ž–‹‰Ǣ ƒ”Ž‘ǡˆ‘”Š‹•—•‡ˆ—Ž•—‰‰‡•–‹‘•Ǣ ‹‡ǡ ˆ‘” Š‹• ˜‡”› ‹’‘”–ƒ– Š‡Ž’ ‹ —’†ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ „‘‘ –‘ ˜‡”•‹‘ʹǤͲ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ –ƒŽ‹ƒ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ •—’’‘”–‹‰ ‡ •‹ ‡ –Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‘’›Ž‡ˆ–Ǧ –ƒŽ‹ƒǤ‹–’”‘Œ‡ –Ǥ CHAPTERONE ANINTRODUCTIONTOTHE PHENOMENON











 12 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

1.PREAMBLES – –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹‡–‹‡• –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‘ˆ ƒ”–‹•–‹ Ǧ —Ž–—”ƒŽ ’”‘†— –‹‘ ȋˆ”‘ ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ǡ —•‹ ǡ ‹‡ƒǡ –‘ —Ž–‹‡†‹ƒȌ ”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡†‹–Šƒ† ‘‡–‘‰”‹’•™‹–Š–Š‡‘•–‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡•‘ ‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‡ ‘‘‹  ’Š‡‘‡‘ •‹ ‡ –Š‡ ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ǣ–Š‡ ‘‹‰‘ˆƒ••†‹‰‹–ƒŽ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ƒ†‰Ž‘„ƒŽ ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘•‡–™‘”•Ǥ ‹ŽŽ–Šƒ–’‡”‹‘†–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘†‡Žȋ„‘”‹‰Žƒ†‹–Š‡ ͳͺ–Š ‡–—”› †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ ”‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ƒ† „‡ ƒ‡ ’‘’—Žƒ” ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ –™‘ ‡–—”‹‡• ‹ ‘•– ‹†—•–”‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ‘—–”‹‡•Ȍ ™‡ƒ–Š‡”‡† ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ’”‡˜‹‘—• ™ƒ˜‡• ‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘ǢŠ‘™‡˜‡”–Š‡‹’ƒ –‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆ‹ƒŽ’Š‡‘‡‘Šƒ• „‡‡ ‘”‡ †‡•–ƒ„‹Ž‹œ‹‰Ǥ ‡‘’Ž‡ „‡‰ƒ –‘ ‘ Ž‘‰‡” ‘•‹†‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘”• ȋ™Š‹ Š ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ‘„Œ‡ – ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ’”‘–‡ –‹‘Ȍ ƒ• ‘‡ ™Š‘Ž‡ ‘„Œ‡ – –‘‰‡–Š‡” ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” ’Š›•‹ ƒŽ •—’’‘”–‘™Š‹ Š‹–™ƒ•†‡Ž‹˜‡”ƒ„Ž‡Ǥ‘˜‡Žǡ–‘„‡”‡ƒ†ǡ†‹†‘– ‡‡†–‘„‡’”‹–‡†‘’ƒ’‡”ƒ•ƒ„‘‘•‹ ‡‹– ‘—Ž†„‡†‹ˆˆ—•‡† ‹ ƒ› ™ƒ›• ƒ† –Š”‘—‰Š ˜ƒ”‹‘—• Šƒ‡Ž•ǡ –Šƒ• –‘ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ƒ† ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘• –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•Ǣ Ž‹‡™‹•‡ ƒ —•‹  –”ƒ  †‹† ‘–‡‡†–‘„‡’”‹–‡†‘ƒ˜‹›Ž†‹•‘”‘ƒ‘’–‹ ƒŽ†‹•ǡ‘” †‹†ƒˆ‹Ž‡‡†ƒ  ƒ••‡––‡‘”†‹•Ǥ –Š‡•ƒ‡’‡”‹‘†‹’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ••’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ƒ† ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘• –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡ –Š‡”‡ ™ƒ• ƒ‘–Š‡” —Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†•‘ ‹ƒŽ’Š‡‘‡‘ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–‹–‡”‡•–‹‰‹ –Š‡ Žƒ•– †‡ ƒ†‡•ǣ ™‡ ƒ”‡ ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰ –‘ ˆ”‡‡ ƒ† ‘’‡ •‘—” ‡ •‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ȋƒŽ•‘ ‘™ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ ”‘› ͳȌ ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† ‘‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘’›Ž‡ˆ–‘†‡ŽǤ –™ƒ•‹–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ”‡ƒ ȋ•‹ ‡ –Š‡ ‹††Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ͺͲ•Ȍ –Šƒ– –Š‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘†‡Žǡ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡DzƒŽŽ”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘ ‡’–ǡ ™ƒ• ”‡ƒŽŽ› †‹• —••‡†Ǥ • ƒ ”‡•—Ž– ƒ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘†‡Ž ™ƒ• ˆ‘—†ǡ ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† „› ‡ˆ‘” ‹‰‹‘˜ƒ–‹˜‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ Š‹• ‡™ ‘†‡Ž Šƒ† ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‘‡ –‘ ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ƒ–—”‹–›‹–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ”‡ƒǡƒ†‹–Šƒ†ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›

ͳ  –‡ƒ•Dz ”‡‡‹„”‡ƒ†’‡‘—” ‡‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡dzǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 13

•‡‡ •‘‡ ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ ‡š’‡”‹‡–• ‹ ‘–Š‡” ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ’”‘†— –‹‘Ǥ  ˆƒ –ǡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ ͻͲ• ƒ† –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡™ ‹ŽŽ‡‹—ǡ ƒ› ’‹Ž‘– ’”‘Œ‡ –• ™‡”‡ ƒ –‹˜ƒ–‡†™Š‹ Š’”‘’‘•‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡•–Šƒ–Šƒ†„‡‡†‡•‹‰‡†ˆ‘” –‡š–ǡ —•‹  ƒ† ‹ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ”–‹•–‹  ™‘”•Ǥ – ™ƒ• ‹ –Š‹• ‡™ ™ƒ˜‡ ‘ˆ ‡š’‡”‹‡–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’Žƒ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ’”‘Œ‡ – ™ƒ• †”ƒˆ–‡†ǣ ƒ ’”‘Œ‡ – ™Š‹ Š ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •–ƒ”– ™ƒ••Š‘™–‘„‡•‘‡–Š‹‰‘”‡•–”— –—”‡†ƒ†ˆƒ”Ǧ•‹‰Š–‡†‹ ‘’ƒ”‹•‘™‹–Š–Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –•™Š‹ ŠŠƒ†’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡†Ǥ

2.WHATCREATIVECOMMONSIS Š‡™‡•ƒ›‹‰‡‡”‹ –‡”•Dz”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•dzǡƒ––Š‡ •ƒ‡–‹‡™‡”‡ˆ‡”–‘ƒ’‘’—Žƒ”’”‘Œ‡ –ƒ†–‘–Š‡‘Ǧ’”‘ˆ‹– „‘†›™Š‹ Š‹•„‡Š‹†‹–Ǥ

Ǥ    Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –ǡ„‘”ˆ”‘–Š‡‹‹–‹ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆŽ‡‰ƒŽƒ† ‘’—–‡” • ‹‡ ‡ • Š‘Žƒ”• ‹ ƒ„”‹†‰‡ǡ ƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––•ǡ ‹• ƒ –—ƒŽŽ› ˜‡”› ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†Ǣ‹–‹•‘™’”‡•‡–‹‘˜‡”ˆ‹ˆ–› ‘—–”‹‡•ƒ”‘—†–Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ƒ† •—’’‘”–‡† „› ‡‹‡– ‹–‡ŽŽ‡ –—ƒŽ• ˆ”‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‹‡Ž†•Ǥ †‡” ‹–• ‘–”‘Ž –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘–Š‡” –Š‡ƒ–‹  •—„Ǧ’”‘Œ‡ –• –Šƒ–ƒ”‡”‡ƒŽŽ›‹’‘”–ƒ–ˆ‘”–Š‡‹” —Ž–—”ƒŽˆƒ”Ǧ•‹‰Š–‡†‡••Ǥ Š‡ƒ‹‘„Œ‡ –‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‹•’”‘Œ‡ –‹•–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡–‘’”‘‘–‡ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ†‡„ƒ–‡‘‡™’ƒ”ƒ†‹‰•‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒƒ‰‡‡–ƒ† –‘†‹ˆˆ—•‡Ž‡‰ƒŽƒ†–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ–‘‘Ž•ȋ•— Šƒ•–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ† ƒŽŽ –Š‡ •‡”˜‹ ‡• ”‡Žƒ–‡†Ȍǡ ™Š‹ Š ƒ ƒŽŽ‘™ ˆ‘” ƒ Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‘†‡Ž‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ’”‘†— –•†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ

Ǥ    –Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰ǡ–Š‡’”‘‘–‡”•ƒ†–Š‡•—’’‘”–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡ – ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡† ƒ ‘Ǧ’”‘ˆ‹– „‘†› ™‹–Š ™Š‹ Š –‘ –”ƒ ‡ –Š‡ †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• ‘‡ –‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’”‘Œ‡ – ƒ† –Š—• –‘ ”‡ ‡‹˜‡ˆ—†‹‰Ǥ ”‘ ƒ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ ͷͲͳȋ Ȍȋ͵Ȍ –ƒšǦ‡š‡’– Šƒ”‹–ƒ„Ž‡ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™‹–Š‹–•”‡‰‹•–‡”‡†‘ˆˆ‹ ‡‹ƒ ”ƒ ‹• ‘Ǥ”‡•‡–Ž›‹–Šƒ•‘ •—„•‹†‹ƒ”‹‡•Ǥ  ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ˆ‘”• ƒ‰”‡‡‡–• ™‹–Š ’”‡Ǧ 14 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‡š‹•–‹‰‡–‹–‹‡••— Šƒ•—‹˜‡”•‹–‹‡•ƒ†”‡•‡ƒ” Š ‡–‡”•–Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ƒŽŽ‡† Dzˆˆ‹Ž‹ƒ–‡ •–‹–—–‹‘•dz ƒ† ™Š‹ Š ƒ””› ‘—– Ž‘ ƒŽǡ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡ ƒ† ”‡‰‹‘ƒŽ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• •— Š ƒ• ‡†— ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‡˜‡–•ǡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ’‘”–‹‰ǡ ’”‘‘–‹‰ ƒ†‘’–‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•–‘‘Ž•ǡƒ†–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ  Ǥ     – Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ ‹•–‘”›–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ •Š‘”–‹–”‘†— –‹‘–‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘Œ‡ –ƒ†–‘‹–• ’—”’‘•‡•ǣŠ‡”‡„‡Ž‘™ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•–Š‡ ‘’Ž‡–‡–‡š–Ǥ Ǽ‘‘ ‘ˆ–‡ –Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ ‘˜‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘–”‘Ž –‡†• –‘ –Š‡ ‡š–”‡‡•Ǥ –‘‡ ’‘Ž‡ ‹• ƒ ˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ–‘–ƒŽ ‘–”‘Ž –ƒ™‘”Ž†‹ ™Š‹ Š‡˜‡”›Žƒ•–—•‡‘ˆƒ™‘”‹•”‡‰—Žƒ–‡†ƒ†‹™Š‹ ŠDzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dzȋƒ†–Š‡•‘‡Ȍ‹•–Š‡‘”Ǥ––Š‡‘–Š‡”‡† ‹•ƒ˜‹•‹‘‘ˆƒƒ” Š›–ƒ™‘”Ž†‹™Š‹ Š ”‡ƒ–‘”•‡Œ‘›ƒ™‹†‡ ”ƒ‰‡‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘„—–ƒ”‡Ž‡ˆ–˜—Ž‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǤƒŽƒ ‡ǡ ‘’”‘‹•‡ǡ ƒ† ‘†‡”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ ‡–Š‡†”‹˜‹‰ˆ‘” ‡•‘ˆƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š–•›•–‡–Šƒ–˜ƒŽ—‡†‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘ƒ†’”‘–‡ –‹‘‡“—ƒŽŽ› –Šƒ˜‡„‡ ‘‡‡†ƒ‰‡”‡†•’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‹• ™‘”‹‰ –‘ ”‡˜‹˜‡ –Š‡Ǥ ‡ —•‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡”‹‰Š–•–‘ ”‡ƒ–‡’—„Ž‹ ‰‘‘†•ǣ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”••‡–ˆ”‡‡ˆ‘” ‡”–ƒ‹ —•‡•Ǥ ‹‡ –Š‡ ˆ”‡‡ •‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ƒ† ‘’‡Ǧ•‘—” ‡ ‘˜‡‡–•ǡ ‘—” ‡†• ƒ”‡ ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ƒ† ‘—‹–›Ǧ‹†‡†ǡ „—–‘—”‡ƒ•ƒ”‡˜‘Ž—–ƒ”›ƒ†Ž‹„‡”–ƒ”‹ƒǤ‡™‘”–‘‘ˆˆ‡” ”‡ƒ–‘”•ƒ„‡•–Ǧ‘ˆǦ„‘–ŠǦ™‘”Ž†•™ƒ›–‘’”‘–‡ ––Š‡‹”™‘”•™Š‹Ž‡ ‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‹‰ ‡”–ƒ‹ —•‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ – –‘ †‡ Žƒ”‡ Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†Ǥdzǽ Š‹• ‹••‹‘ ‹• ™‡ŽŽ †‡• ”‹„‡† ‹ ƒ ’‹ –—”‡ ™Š‡”‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• •›„‘Ž‹ ƒŽŽ› ”‡’”‡•‡–•ƒ ‡†‹ƒ •Šƒ†‹‰ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘†‡Ž ȋ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ••‹  ‘’›”‹‰Š–‹†‡ƒȌƒ†–Š‡Dz‘”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dzȋ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ ‘ˆƒ ’—„Ž‹ †‘ƒ‹‹†‡ƒ‘”‘ˆƒ•‘”–‘ˆ‘Ǧ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ ‡’–ȌǤ

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 15

Ǥ  ǣ   Dz dz  ‘‘‹•– ƒ””‡– ƒ”†‹’—„Ž‹•Š‡†ƒ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ƒ”–‹ Ž‡‹ ͳͻ͸ͺ‡–‹–Ž‡†DzŠ‡–”ƒ‰‡†›‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘‘•dzǤ –Š‹•ƒ”–‹ Ž‡Š‡ †‹•’Žƒ›• Š‹• •Šƒ”’ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– †‡„ƒ–‡† ‡ ‘‘‹ Ǧ•‘ ‹ƒŽ†‹Ž‡ƒ•Ǥ ƒ—–•Š‡ŽŽǡƒ ‘”†‹‰–‘ ƒ”†‹ ‘‘•ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ–Š‘•‡‰‘‘†• ™Š‹ Š ƒ”‡ ‘™‡† „› ‘„‘†› „—– ™Š‹ Š ƒ „‡ ‡š’Ž‘‹–‡† „› ‡˜‡”›„‘†›ǡ ƒ”‡ ƒŽ™ƒ›• †‡•–‹‡† –‘ ƒ •ƒ† ‡†‹‰Ǥ ‡ —•‡• –Š‡ ‡–ƒ’Š‘” ‘ˆ Š‡”†‡”• •Šƒ”‹‰ ƒ ‘‘ ’ƒ” ‡Ž ‘ˆ Žƒ†ǡ Ǽ‘ ™Š‹ Š–Š‡›ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ‡–‹–Ž‡†–‘Ž‡––Š‡‹” ‘™•‰”ƒœ‡Ǥ  ƒ”†‹ǯ• ˜‹‡™ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹ ‡ƒ Š Š‡”†‡”ǯ• ‹–‡”‡•– –‘ ’—– ƒ• ƒ› ‘™• ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ‘–‘ –Š‡ Žƒ†ǡ ‡˜‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡ ‘‘• ‹• †ƒƒ‰‡† ƒ• ƒ ”‡•—Ž–Ǥ Š‡ Š‡”†‡” ”‡ ‡‹˜‡• ƒŽŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹–• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘™•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡†ƒƒ‰‡–‘–Š‡ ‘‘•‹••Šƒ”‡†„› –Š‡ ‡–‹”‡ ‰”‘—’Ǥ ˆ ƒŽŽ Š‡”†‡”• ƒ‡ –Š‹• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽŽ› ”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ †‡ ‹•‹‘ǡ Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡ –Š‡ ‘‘• ‹• †‡•–”‘›‡† ƒ† ƒŽŽ Š‡”†‡”• •—ˆˆ‡”ǽʹǤ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• –Š‡‘”‹•–•ǡ ƒ† ˆ‹”•– ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ‡••‹‰ǡƒ”‰—‡‹•–‡ƒ†–Šƒ–‹–Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆ‰‘‘†•Ž‹‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ† ‹–‡ŽŽ‡ –—ƒŽ’”‘†— –•ǡ–Š‹•’”‘„Ž‡†‘‡•‘–‡š‹•–„‡ ƒ—•‡‡˜‡”› ”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡• ‹–• •‘ ‹ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘”‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡™Š‘ ƒ„‡‡ˆ‹–ˆ”‘‹–Ǥ —”–Š‡”‘”‡ǡ–Š‘•‡‰‘‘†•ƒ”‡‘– Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡–‘†‡–‡”‹‘”ƒ–‹‘‘”–‘ƒƒ–—”ƒŽ•Š‘”–ƒ‰‡„‡ ƒ—•‡Š—ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‹–› Šƒ• ‘ Ž‹‹–•Ǥ Š—•ǡ ™‡ ƒ ˜ƒŽ‹†Ž› –ƒŽ ƒ„‘—– ƒ

ʹ Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ”ƒ‰‡†›̴‘ˆ̴–Š‡̴ ‘‘•Ǥ 16 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Dz ‘‡†› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‘•dzǡ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ‰‘‘†• ƒ– ‹••—‡ ƒ”‡ ’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ

3.WHATCREATIVECOMMONSISNOT Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ —‡”‘—• ‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰• ”‡ƒ–‡†ƒ„‘—––Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ— –‹‘ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ ‹– ‹• ‡ ‡••ƒ”›–‘†‡„—ƒ–‘ ‡–Š‡‘•–†‹ˆˆ—•‡†ƒ††ƒ‰‡”‘—• ‘‡•Ǥ

Ǥ          ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ•ƒ ‹˜‹ŽŽƒ™„‘†›ǡ†‘‡•‘– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ› ‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽ ”‘Ž‡ ‹ ƒ› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—–”‹‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† ’”‘Œ‡ – ‹• ƒ –‹˜‡Ǥ Š‹• †‘‡• ‘– ‡ƒ –Šƒ– •‘‡ ‡š’‘‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰ ‘—‹–›ȋƒ†‹ƒ› ƒ•‡ƒŽ•‘ •‘‡ ‡„‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ „‘ƒ”†Ȍ Šƒ˜‡ ‘– Šƒ† –Š‡ ‘ ƒ•‹‘ –‘ ‘–ƒ – –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  ‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‘—–”‹‡• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ‡š–‡•‹˜‡Ž› ‹ˆ‘” ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‡™ ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ–‹  ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– –Š‡‘”›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ –Š‹• ‹• ‘Ž› ‹ ƒ ’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ ‘ˆ —Ž–—”ƒŽƒ†• ‹‡–‹ˆ‹ †‡„ƒ–‡ǡ‘–™‹–Šƒ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ‘˜‡”–‘‡Ǥ

Ǥ       ǡ    ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– †‹ˆˆ—•‡† ƒ† ƒŽ•‘ ‹•Ž‡ƒ†‹‰ ‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰• ‘•‹•–• ‹ ‹š‹‰ —’ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ™‹–Š ƒ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡ ˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–›ǡ ™Š‹ Šƒ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‡˜‡”› ‘—–”›ƒ††‘‘–Šƒ˜‡–Š‡•ƒ‡ ‡šƒ –ˆ— –‹‘Ǥ —‘–‹‰ –Š‡ ‹‹’‡†‹ƒ †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ǡ ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–› ‹• Ǽƒ „‘†› ”‡ƒ–‡† „› ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ƒ‰”‡‡‡–• ‘” „› ‘’›”‹‰Š– Žƒ™ –Šƒ– ‘ŽŽ‡ –• ”‘›ƒŽ–› ’ƒ›‡–• ˆ”‘ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ƒ†‰”‘—’•ˆ‘” ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”•ǤŠ‡›ƒ›Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹–› –‘ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ™‘”• ƒ† ‘ŽŽ‡ – ”‘›ƒŽ–‹‡• ƒ• ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ ƒ •–ƒ–—–‘”› • Š‡‡ ‘” „› ‡–‡”‹‰ ‹–‘ ƒ ƒ‰”‡‡‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘™‡” –‘ ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ ‘™‡”• ‹–‡”‡•–• ™Š‡ †‡ƒŽ‹‰™‹–ŠŽ‹ ‡•‡‡•ƒ†’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ‹ ‡•‡‡•Ǥǽ ͵

͵ Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ‘’›”‹‰Š–̴ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 17

”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•†‘‡•‘–Šƒ˜‡ƒ ‘–”ƒ –—ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ ™‹–Š ‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡”• ƒ† †‘‡• ‘– Š‘Ž† ƒ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ‡ˆ‘” ‹‰”‘Ž‡™‹–Š”‡‰ƒ”†–‘ƒ—–Š‘”•ǯ”‹‰Š–•Ǥ

Ǥ      ‡‹–Š‡” –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘” –Š‡ ‘—‹–‹‡•ƒ†™‘”‹‰‰”‘—’• ‘‡ –‡†–‘‹–’”‘˜‹†‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ†˜‹ ‡‘”ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽƒ‹†•‡”˜‹ ‡Ǥ‡•‹†‡•”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ȃƒ•™‡ ™”‘–‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ Ȃ †‘‡• ‘– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ› ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‹‘ ”‘Ž‡Ǣ –Š—• ‹– ƒ‘–‘”–ƒ‡–Š‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ˆ‘”–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –•†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡—•‡ ‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ ‘ Ž‡ƒ”ƒ›‹†‘ˆƒ„‹‰—‹–›ǡ–Š‹•‹••’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡†„›ƒ‡š’Ž‹ ‹– ’”‡ƒ„Ž‡‹ Ž—†‡†ƒ––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ‡˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡ͶǣǼ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘– ƒ Žƒ™ˆ‹”ƒ††‘‡• ‘–’”‘˜‹†‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ •‡”˜‹ ‡•Ǥ ‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡ †‘‡• ‘– ”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ  ƒ––‘”‡›Ǧ Ž‹‡– ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ’”‘˜‹†‡• –Š‹• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ ƒ Dzƒ•Ǧ‹•dz „ƒ•‹•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ‡• ‘ ™ƒ””ƒ–‹‡• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡†ǡ ƒ† †‹• Žƒ‹• Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–›ˆ‘”†ƒƒ‰‡•”‡•—Ž–‹‰ˆ”‘‹–•—•‡Ǥǽ

4.THELOCALPORTINGOFTHELICENSES •™‡’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›†‹• —••‡†ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘Œ‡ –‹• •‡–‘—–‹ǣ Ǧƒ ‡–”ƒŽƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ„‘†›ǡ™Š‹ Š‹•–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ‘™‡”‘ˆ –Š‡ –”ƒ†‡ƒ” ”‹‰Š–•ǡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‘ƒ‹ ƒ‡ Dz™™™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰dz ȋƒ† ‘–Š‡” ‘‡ –‡† †‘ƒ‹ ƒ‡•Ȍǡƒ†‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‘–Š‡™‡„•‹–‡•Ǣƒ† Ǧ ƒ ‡–™‘” ‘ˆ ˆˆ‹Ž‹ƒ–‡ •–‹–—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ – ƒ• ’‘‹–• ‘ˆ ”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ’”‘Œ‡ –• • ƒ––‡”‡†™‘”Ž†™‹†‡ǤŠ‹•DzŠ‹‡”ƒ” Š‹ ƒŽdz ‘’‘•‹–‹‘ȋ–Šƒ–ˆ”‘ •‘‡’‡‘’Ž‡ǯ•’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™ ƒ•‡‡–‘„‡‘–˜‡”›•—‹–ƒ„Ž‡–‘ –Š‡ •’‘–ƒ‡‘—•Ȁ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹˜‡ ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘’‡ ‘–‡– —Ž–—”‡Ȍ ƒŽŽ‘™•–‘ Š‡ –Š‡ ‘””‡ –’‘”–‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ†–‘”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡

Ͷ  –Š‡DzŽ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡dz˜‡”•‹‘Ǥ 18 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† •‡•‹–‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• ‹ ƒ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ ƒ† ‘‘”†‹ƒ–‡†™ƒ›Ǥ ŽŽ–Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘Œ‡ –•ƒ”‡‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†‹ –™‘ †‹˜‹•‹‘•ǣ ‘‡ †‡†‹ ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ƒ•’‡ –•ǡ •— Š ƒ• –Š‡ –”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘ǡ–Š‡ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡š’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǣƒ† –Š‡‘–Š‡”†‡†‹ ƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǧ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ•’‡ –•ǡ•— Š ƒ• ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ •‘Ž—–‹‘• –Šƒ– ‡š’Ž‘‹– –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ”‡•‘—” ‡Ǥ ‡ ƒ ˆ‘”‡•‡‡ ƒ –Š‹”† †‹˜‹•‹‘ ȋ ”‘••™‹•‡ –™‘ ‘–Š‡”•Ȍ ƒ‹‡† ƒ– –Š‡ •‡•‹–‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ’”‘‘–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ’Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š›Ǣ ‹– ‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡• ’—„Ž‹  ‡˜‡–•ǡ ƒƒ‰‡• ƒ‹Ž‹‰ǦŽ‹•–• ƒ† ™‡„Ǧˆ‘”—•ǡ ”‡ƒ–‡• ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǤ Š‡ ‹†‡ƒ ‘ˆ DzŽ‹ ‡•‡ ’‘”–‹‰dz ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• ƒ –”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹–‘ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•ǡ „—– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ ‘ —””‹‰ ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–‡”•–‘–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‡‰ƒŽ•›•–‡•ǤŠ‡‘–Š‡” –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡› ƒ”‡ †‹ˆˆ—•‡† ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽǡ ‹ Ž—†‡ ƒ Žƒ—•‡ –Šƒ–ǡ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ — Ž‡ƒ” ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘•ǡ –Š‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‘’‡”ƒ–‘” ȋƒ Œ—†‰‡ǡ ƒ Žƒ™›‡”ǤǤǤȌ Šƒ• –‘ ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ –Š‡ –‡š– ‹ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ǡ™Š‹ Š‹•–Š‡‘Ž›‘‡™‹–Šƒ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”Ǥ–Š ‡” –›’‡• ‘ˆ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹•–‡ƒ† †‘ ‘– ™‘””› ƒ• — Š ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘ƒ•’‡ –ƒ•ˆ‘”–Š‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‹‰ Žƒ™ǡ•–ƒ–‹‰‡š’”‡••Ž›–Šƒ––Š‡DzŽ‹ ‡•‡dz‹•”‡‰—Žƒ–‡†„›–Š‡ ƒ’ƒ‡•‡ȋ‘” ”‡ Šǡ‘” –ƒŽ‹ƒǡ‡– ǤȌŽƒ™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• –”‹‡† –‘ ‘„˜‹ƒ–‡ „‘–Š ’”‘„Ž‡• „› ‹’Ž‡‡–‹‰ ƒ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ƒ –‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ DzŽ‘ ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘dz ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ–Šƒ–‹•†‡˜‘Ž˜‡†–‘–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—•ˆˆ‹Ž‹ƒ–‡ •–‹–—–‹‘•ƒ† ‘‹–‘”‡†„›–Š‡ ‡–”ƒŽ„‘†›‹–Š‡ǤŠ‹•™ƒ›ǡ–Š‡ –ƒŽ‹ƒǡ ”‡ Šƒ† ƒ’ƒ‡•‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ”‡‘–‡”‡–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡”‹ ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ „—– „ƒ•‹ ƒŽŽ› ‹†‡’‡†‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹ ƒ ‘”†ƒ ‡™‹–Š–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ•›•–‡‘ˆ‡ƒ Š ‘—–”›Ǥ

CHAPTERTWO THELICENSES











 20 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

1.BASICPRINCIPLES ‹”•– ‘ˆ ƒŽŽǡ –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ˆƒŽŽ‹‰ ‹–‘ –Š‡ ‘•– ‘‘ ‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰• ƒ„‘—– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† •‡– –Š‡ –‡‡–• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ˜ƒŽ‹† ˆ‘” ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ

A. A DEFINITION OF “COPYRIGHT LICENSE”  ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽ‹•–”—‡–™‹–Š™Š‹ Š–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡””—Ž‡•–Š‡ —•‡ƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆŠ‹•™‘”Ǥ Š—•ǡ‹– ‘‡•–‘ƒ ‹˜‹ŽŽƒ™–‘‘Ž™Š‹ Šȋ„ƒ•‡†‘ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ȍ Š‡Ž’•–‘ Ž‡ƒ”—’ˆ‘”—•‡”•™Šƒ– ƒ‘” ƒ‘–„‡†‘‡™‹–Š –Š‡ ™‘”Ǥ Š‡ DzŽ‹ ‡•‡dz –‡” ‘‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒ–‹ ˜‡”„ DzŽ‹ ‡”‡dz ƒ† ‰‡‡”‹ ƒŽŽ› ”‡’”‡•‡–• ’‡”‹••‹‘ǡ ‹ ˆƒ – ‹–• ƒ‹ˆ— –‹‘‹•–‘ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǥͷ

Ǥ        › Ž‡ƒ”‹‰—’–Š‡ ‘ ‡’–‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡™‡ ƒ—†‡”•–ƒ† Š‘™‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰•ƒ„‘—–‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹• ‰”‘—†Ž‡••ǣ ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ –Š‡ ‘‡ ƒ ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ™Š‹ Š ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ„‡ƒˆ‘”‘ˆ”‡•–”‹ –‹‘‘ˆƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‡†™‘”Ǥ  ˆƒ –ǡ ‹– ‹• ‘– –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹–•‡Žˆ ™Š‹ Š ”‡•–”‹ –• –Š‡ ™‘”Ǣ †‡ˆƒ—Ž– ‘’›”‹‰Š– ”‡•–”‹ –• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘”•ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ ƒ ‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘˜‡• ‡šƒ –Ž› ‹ –Š‡ ‘’’‘•‹–‡ †‹”‡ –‹‘Ǥ  ‡ˆˆ‡ –ǡ‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ‹’—”’‘•‡•‘ˆƒ‘’‡ ‘–‡–Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• –‘ ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡ •‘‡ ‹†• ‘ˆ —•‡ ™Š‹ Š ™‘—Ž† ‘– „‡ ‘”ƒŽŽ›ƒŽŽ‘™‡†‹–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘†‡Žȋ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ–Š‡ DzƒŽŽ”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‘†‡ŽȌǤ

ͷ ǼŠ‡˜‡”„Ž‹ ‡•‡‘”‰”ƒ–Ž‹ ‡•‡‡ƒ•–‘‰‹˜‡’‡”‹••‹‘ǤŠ‡‘— Ž‹ ‡•‡ ”‡ˆ‡”• –‘ –Šƒ– ’‡”‹••‹‘ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –‘ –Š‡ †‘ —‡– ‡‘”‹ƒŽ‹œ‹‰ –Šƒ– ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ ‹ ‡•‡ ƒ› „‡ ‰”ƒ–‡† „› ƒ ’ƒ”–› ȋDzŽ‹ ‡•‘”dzȌ–‘ƒ‘–Š‡”’ƒ”–›ȋDzŽ‹ ‡•‡‡dzȌƒ•ƒ‡Ž‡‡–‘ˆƒƒ‰”‡‡‡– „‡–™‡‡ –Š‘•‡ ’ƒ”–‹‡•Ǥ  •Š‘”–Šƒ† †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• ̶ƒ ƒ—–Š‘”‹œƒ–‹‘ ȋ„› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”Ȍ –‘ —•‡ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡† ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ ȋ„› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡‡ȌǤǽƒ‡ˆ”‘Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ‹ ‡•‡Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 21

C. THE LICENSE AND THE ACQUISITION OF COPYRIGHT ‘” –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡ –Š‡ ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ Šƒ• ‘–Š‹‰ –‘ †‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ “—‹•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”ƒ†‡˜‡Ž‡••™‹–Š–Š‡’”‘‘ˆ‘”’”‘–‡ –‹‘‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”•Š‹’Ǥ Š‡ ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘” ‘ ‡”• ƒ •—„•‡“—‡– ’Šƒ•‡ ‹ ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ “—‹•‹–‹‘‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒ†–‘–Š‡‘„–ƒ‹‡–‘ˆƒ’”‘‘ˆ‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”•Š‹’Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ˆ‹”•–‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‰‡–•–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘ Š‹• ™‘” ȋƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›͸Ȍǡ –Š‡ Š‡ †‡ ‹†‡• –‘ ”‡‰—Žƒ–‡Š‹•”‹‰Š–•„›ƒ’’Ž›‹‰ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡Ǥ

D.    ‡–ǯ• •–ƒ”– ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’”‡•—’’‘•‹–‹‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘Ž› •—„Œ‡ – ™Š‘Šƒ•–Š‡–‹–Ž‡–‘”‹‰Š–ˆ—ŽŽ›ƒ’’Ž›ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡–‘ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡™‘” ‹•–Š‡‘™‡”‘ˆƒŽŽ‹–•”‹‰Š–•ǤŠ‡•—„Œ‡ –‹•—•—ƒŽŽ›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”ǡ „—– Š‡ ƒ –”ƒ•ˆ‡” ƒŽŽ Š‹• ”‹‰Š–• „› ƒ ‘–”ƒ – –‘ ƒ‘–Š‡” •—„Œ‡ – ȋˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ƒ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡”ǡ ƒ ƒ‰‡ ›ǡ ƒ ’”‘†— –‹‘ ‘’ƒ›ǤǤǤȌǢ ‹ –Š‹• ƒ•‡ Š‡ ™‘—Ž† ƒŽ•‘ Ž‘•‡ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘ Š‘‘•‡–Š‡–›’‡‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡–‘ƒ’’Ž›–‘–Š‡™‘”Ǥ  ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ˜‘‹† ‹•—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰• ȋƒ† •‹ ‡ ‹– ‹• ‘– •‘ ‹’‘”–ƒ– ˆ‘” ‘—” ƒƒŽ›•‹• ™Šƒ– ‹† ‘ˆ •—„Œ‡ – ™‘—Ž† ƒ‡ –Š‹• Š‘‹ ‡Ȍǡ™‡™‹ŽŽƒŽ™ƒ›•–ƒŽƒ„‘—–DzŽ‹ ‡•‘”dz–‘‰‡‡”‹ ƒŽŽ› ‡ƒ–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”™Š‘†‡ ‹†‡•–‘ƒ’’Ž›ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡–‘‹–Ǥ  ‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡ ’”‘†— ‡• ‡ˆˆ‡ –• ‘ ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‡”‹ƒ–‡ •—„Œ‡ –•Ǥ Š‡•‡ •—„Œ‡ –• ƒ „‡ ‡”‡ ‡†Ǧ—•‡”• ‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ȋ”‡ƒ†‡”•ǡŽ‹•–‡‡”•ǡ•’‡ –ƒ–‘”•ǤǤǤȌǢ„—–‹•‘‡ ƒ•‡• ȋ–Š‘•‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•™Š‹ ŠƒŽŽ‘™ˆ‘”‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ƒ†”‡Ǧ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘

͸ Ǽ‹‡ ™ƒ• ›‘— Šƒ† –‘ ’—– ‹‰  ȏ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ –Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– •›„‘Žǣ ̹Ȑ ‘ ƒ›–Š‹‰›‘—™ƒ–‡†–‘ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘”‡Ž•‡‹–‡–‡”‡†–Š‡’—„Ž‹ †‘ƒ‹ – –Š‡ ‘‘•‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™Š‡”‡‘–Š‹‰‹•‘™‡†ƒ†ƒŽŽ‹•’‡”‹––‡†Ǥ ‘—Šƒ†–‘’—––Š‡™‘”Ž†‘‘–‹ ‡–‘™ƒ”–Š‡ǤŠƒ–™ƒ•‹‰ǯ•Œ‘„ƒ† ‹–™ƒ•ƒ—•‡ˆ—Ž‘‡ǤŠƒ– Šƒ‰‡†ǫŠ‡Žƒ™Ǥ›–Š‡Žƒ–‡ͳͻͺͲ•ǤǤŽƒ™Šƒ† Šƒ‰‡† •‘ –Šƒ– ™‘”• „‡ ‘‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‡† ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ ‘‡– –Š‡›ǯ”‡ ƒ†‡Ǥ Š‡ ‘‡– ›‘— Š‹– •ƒ˜‡ ‘ –Šƒ– ”‡•‡ƒ” Š ’ƒ’‡”ǤǤǤ–Š‡ •‡ ‘†–Š‡•Š—––‡”•ƒ’• Ž‘•‡†ǤǤǤ–Š‡‹•–ƒ–›‘—Ž‹ˆ–›‘—”’‡ˆ”‘–Šƒ– ‘ –ƒ‹Ž ƒ’‹ †‘‘†Ž‡ǤǤǤ ›‘—” ”‡ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘’›”‹‰Š–‡† ™Š‡–Š‡” ‹‰  ƒ‡• ƒ ƒ‡‘ ‘” ‘–Ǥǽ ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ • ”‹’– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•– ˆƒ‘—• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹˜‡˜‹†‡‘ǡ ƒŽŽ‡†Dz ‡–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡dzƒ†ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ‹””‘”•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‰‡– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ȀǤ 22 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ȍ –Š‡› ƒ ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ƒ –‹˜‡ •—„Œ‡ –• ‹ –Š‡ ˜‹”–—‘—• ‡ Šƒ‹•‘ˆ–Š‡‘’‡ ‘–‡–’Š‡‘‡‘Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ƒŽ•‘ ‹ –Š‹• ƒ•‡ ™‡ •ŠƒŽŽ —•‡ ƒ ƒŽŽǦ‡„”ƒ ‹‰ –‡”™Š‹ Š ƒ‹†‹ ƒ–‡‡˜‡”›’‘–‡–‹ƒŽ”‡ ‹’‹‡–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǣ –Šƒ– ‹• –Š‡ DzŽ‹ ‡•‡‡dzǤ ‡ •ŠƒŽŽ —•‡ –Š‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ DzŽ‹ ‡•‡† ™‘”dz –‘ ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ ™‘” –‘ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ Šƒ• „‡‡ ƒ’’Ž‹‡†Ǥ 

Ǥ     ‹ ‡–Š‹•‹•ƒ ‹˜‹ŽŽƒ™‹••—‡ȋ‘”‡’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›–Š‡ ‘–”ƒ –—ƒŽ Žƒ™Ȍǡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ ‘– ƒ› •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ’”‘ ‡†—”‡• –‘ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ ‘” ˆ‘”ƒŽ‹–‹‡•–‘”‡•’‡ –ǤŠ—•ǡ‡˜‡”›ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ‘”‘–Š‡” ‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡”Ȍ‹•ˆ”‡‡–‘™”‹–‡Š‹•‘™’‡”•‘ƒŽŽ‹ ‡•‡ƒ†–‘ƒ’’Ž›‹– –‘ Š‹• ™‘”Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ Ž‹‡ ‡˜‡”› Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‹•–”—‡–ǡ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ –ƒ‡ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡–‘‘Ž•ƒ†’”‘–‡ –‹‘•’”‘˜‹†‡†ˆ‘”„› –Š‡Žƒ™ǡ‹–‹•‡ ‡••ƒ”›–‘–ƒ‡‹–‘ƒ ‘—––Š‡–‡ Š‹ ƒŽ‹–‹‡•‘ˆ ‹˜‹ŽŽƒ™Ǥ †‡‡†ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽ†‘ —‡–™Š‹ Š ‡‡†•’”‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†‡š’‡”–‹•‡Ǥ  ‘–Š‡” ™‘”†•ǡ –Š‡ ‘ ”‡–‡ ’”‘„Ž‡ ‹• –Šƒ– ƒ ’‘‘”Ž› ™”‹––‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ™‹–Š‘—– –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ‘” ™‹–Š‘—– ‹’‘”–ƒ– Žƒ—•‡•ǡ™‘—Ž†’”‘„ƒ„Ž›‘–’‡”ˆ‘”‹–•ˆ— –‹‘‘” ‘—Ž†‡˜‡Šƒ˜‡ƒ„‘‘‡”ƒ‰‡ˆˆ‡ –‘–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”Ǥ

Ǥ      ˆ ™‡ ”‹‰‘”‘—•Ž› ‡š Ž—†‡ –Š‡ Dz†‘ ‹– ›‘—”•‡Žˆdzǡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –™‘ ’‘••‹„Ž‡™ƒ›•ǣ‡‹–Š‡”–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘” ƒ ‘•—Ž–ƒŽƒ™›‡”–‘†”ƒ™ —’ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡ȋ„—––Š‹• ‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘„‡‡š’‡•‹˜‡ȌǢ‘”Š‡ ƒ–”—•– –Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡†„›•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ’”‘Œ‡ –• ƒ† ‘Ǧ’”‘ˆ‹– ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• •— Š ƒ• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǡ –Š‡ ”‡‡ ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ ’ƒ Š‡ ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ‘—†ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽƒ•’‡ –•Š‘—Ž†„‡ Ž‡ƒ”ǣ–Š‡•‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•†‘ ‹ ‘ ™ƒ› „‡ ‘‡ –Š‡ ’ƒ”–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ•‡ǡ –Š—• –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ‘– Ž‹ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”‡ƒ Šƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǣ‘”†‘–Š‡›†‹”‡ –Ž› †‡ƒŽ™‹–ŠŽ‡‰ƒŽƒ†˜‹ ‡”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹”Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤŠ ‡•‡ „‘†‹‡•‘Ž›ƒ –ƒ• ‘’‹Ž‡”•ƒ†’”‘‘–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǣ‹–‹• Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 23

’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ‹–‡”ƒ – ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒˆˆ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ’”‘Œ‡ –•ǡ •‡†‹‰ ‘‡–•ǡ‹†‹ ƒ–‹‰ ƒ•‡•–—†‹‡•ǡ•–ƒ”–‹‰’—„Ž‹ †‡„ƒ–‡•ǡ„—–‹– ‹• —–Š‹ƒ„Ž‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡› •Š‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ –‘ „‡ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ‡˜‡”› •‹‰Ž‡ ƒ•‡Ǥ ˜‡”› ‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡” ™Š‘ †‡ ‹†‡• –‘ ƒ’’Ž› ƒ •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘Š‹•™‘”•Š‘—Ž†–ƒ‡ˆ—ŽŽ”‡•’‘•‹„‹Ž‹–› ˆ‘”‹–Ǣ–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘„‡™‡ŽŽ‹ˆ‘”‡†Ǥ

2.THETHREEDIFFERENTSHAPESOFTHELICENSES  –Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ™‡ ™‹ŽŽ •Š‘™ ™Š› –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•‹•ƒ —–ƒ„‘˜‡–Š‡‘–Š‡”‘’‡ ‘–‡–Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ Š‡ Ž‡˜‡”†‹• ‘˜‡”›‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘‘–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –™ƒ•‹ ˆƒ – –‘ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ ‡˜‡”› Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹ –Š”‡‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–„›–Š‡ˆ‘”„—– ‘‡ –‡†„›–Š‡‡••‡ ‡Ǥ

Ǥ   Š‡ ’”‘’‡” Ž‹ ‡•‡ ȋ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ –Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– •ŠƒŽŽ „‡ Ž‡‰ƒŽŽ›”‡Ž‡˜ƒ–Ȍ‹•–Š‡•‘Ǧ ƒŽŽ‡†Dz‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡dzǡƒ†‡—’‘ˆ•‡˜ ‡”ƒŽ ’”‡ƒ„Ž‡• ƒ† ‡‹‰Š– ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•ǡ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡†™‘”‹•”‡‰—Žƒ–‡†Ǥ ƒ›’‡‘’Ž‡–Š‘—‰Š”‡ƒŽ‹œ‡†–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡Ž‹ ‡•‡—•‡”‹• ‘– ‹†— ‡† –‘ ”‡ƒ† ƒ† —†‡”•–ƒ† ƒ †‘ —‡– Ž‹‡ –Šƒ–ǣ •‘‡–‹‡•Š‡†‹•”‡‰ƒ”†•‹–‹–‡–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ•‘‡–‹‡•Š‡†‘‡•‘– Šƒ˜‡ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡’”‡’ƒ”ƒ–‹‘–‘†‘•‘ǤŠ‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ–Š‡”‹•‹•–Šƒ– –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ™‘—Ž† „‡ —•‡† ‹ƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž› ™‹–Š Ž‹––Ž‡ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡Ǣ –Šƒ–ˆƒŽ•‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘–Š‡‹”—•‡™‘—Ž†„‡‡ƒ•‹Ž›†‹ˆˆ—•‡†Ǣ‘” –Šƒ– ƒ •‘”– ‘ˆ ‹•–”—•– ™‘—Ž† ’”‡˜ƒ‹Ž •‘ –Šƒ– ƒ—–Š‘”• ƒ† ’—„Ž‹•Š‡”•™‘—Ž†•–ƒ›ˆƒ”ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘–Š‡•‡–‘‘Ž•Ǥ

Ǥ  ‡ ‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• –Š‘—‰Š– ‘ˆ †‡•‹‰‹‰ „”‹‡ˆ ‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡™”‹––‡‹ Ž‡ƒ”Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡ ƒ† •–”— –—”‡† ™‹–Š •‹’Ž‡ ƒ† • Š‡ƒ–‹  ‰”ƒ’Š‹ •ǣ –Š‹• •‡ ‘† Dz•Šƒ’‡dz‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•‹• ƒŽŽ‡†–Š‡Dz‘‘•†‡‡†dzǤ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘”‡‡„‡”–Šƒ–Ǽ–Š‡‘‘• ‡‡† ‹• ‘– ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ – ‹• •‹’Ž› ƒ Šƒ†› ”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ˆ‘” —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡ ȋ–Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ȍ –‹–‹•ƒ‡ƒ•› ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡‡š’”‡••‹‘‘ˆ•‘‡‘ˆ‹–•‡›–‡”•ǤŠ‹‘ˆ‹–ƒ•–Š‡ 24 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

—•‡”Ǧˆ”‹‡†Ž›‹–‡”ˆƒ ‡–‘–Š‡‡‰ƒŽ‘†‡—†‡”‡ƒ–ŠǤŠ‹•‡‡† ‹–•‡Žˆ Šƒ• ‘ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ˜ƒŽ—‡ǡ ƒ† ‹–• ‘–‡–• †‘ ‘– ƒ’’‡ƒ” ‹ –Š‡ ƒ –—ƒŽŽ‹ ‡•‡Ǥǽ͹ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡‘‘•†‡‡†‹ƒˆ‡™•Ž‹‡• ‘†‡•‡•–Š‡ •‡•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ† ƒ‡• ƒ Ž‹ –‘ –Š‡ ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡ ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ

Ǥ   ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡ –Š‹”† Dz•Šƒ’‡dz ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹• ƒŽŽ‡† Dz†‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‘†‡dzǡ–Šƒ–‹•‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ –†ƒ–ƒƒ„‘—–†ƒ–ƒ–ƒ†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡–Šƒ– ƒ„‡—†‡”•–‘‘†„› ‘’—–‡”’”‘‰”ƒ••— Šƒ• •‡ƒ” Š‡‰‹‡•Ǥ Š—•ǡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡”• †‡•‹‰‡† ƒ ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ •›•–‡ ƒŽŽ‡†  ȋDz”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‹‰Š–• š’”‡••‹‘ ƒ‰—ƒ‰‡dzȌ ™‹–Š ™Š‹ Š ‹– ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ‘–ƒ–‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡† ™‘”•ǡ ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–ƒ–‹‰ ˆ— –‹‘ƒŽ‹–› •— Š ƒ• ‘’›Ȁ’ƒ•–‡  ˆ‘” —•‹‰ ƒ ™‘” ™‹–Š Ž‹ ‡•‘”Ǧ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ––”‹„—–‹‘ ƒ† ‘””‡ – Ž‹ ‡•‡‘–‹ ‡ǡƒ†Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǧƒ™ƒ”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǤ 

͹ Š‹•†‹• Žƒ‹‡”‹•Ž‹‡†„›‡˜‡”›‘‘•†‡‡†Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 25





 ȋ–Š‹•’‹ –—”‡‹•–ƒ‡ˆ”‘™™™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȍ 26 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

3. THE CHARACTERISTICS AND THE FUNCTIONING OF THE LICENSES •™‡Šƒ•ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›‡š’Žƒ‹‡†ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ”‡‹•’‹”‡†„›ƒDz•‘‡”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‘†‡Žǣ–Šƒ–‡ƒ•–Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡”ǡ ƒ’’Ž›‹‰ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ †‡ ‹†‡• –‘ ‡‡’ Œ—•– •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–•‰”ƒ–‡† –‘ Š‹„›Žƒ™Ǥ

Ǥ    ͺ ŽŽ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• Šƒ˜‡ ƒ› ‹’‘”–ƒ– ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•‹ ‘‘Ǥ  i)Fromthelicensor’spointofview ˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡™‹ŽŽŠ‡Ž’›‘—ǣ Ȉ”‡–ƒ‹›‘—” ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǣ Ȉƒ‘— ‡–Šƒ–‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡ǯ•ˆƒ‹”—•‡ǡˆ‹”•–•ƒŽ‡ǡƒ†ˆ”‡‡ ‡š’”‡••‹‘”‹‰Š–•ƒ”‡‘–ƒˆˆ‡ –‡†„›–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡”‡“—‹”‡•Ž‹ ‡•‡‡•ǣ Ȉ–‘‰‡–›‘—”’‡”‹••‹‘–‘†‘ƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡–Š‹‰•›‘— Š‘‘•‡ –‘ ”‡•–”‹ – ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ ƒ‡ ƒ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ —•‡ǡ ”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘”ȌǢ Ȉ –‘ ‡‡’ ƒ› ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ ‹–ƒ – ‘ ƒŽŽ ‘’‹‡• ‘ˆ ›‘—” ™‘”Ǣ Ȉ–‘Ž‹–‘›‘—”Ž‹ ‡•‡ˆ”‘ ‘’‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Ȉ‘––‘ƒŽ–‡”–Š‡–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǣ Ȉ ‘– –‘ —•‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› –‘ ”‡•–”‹ – ‘–Š‡” Ž‹ ‡•‡‡•ǯ Žƒ™ˆ—Ž —•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣ ˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒŽŽ‘™•Ž‹ ‡•‡‡•ǡ’”‘˜‹†‡†–Š‡›Ž‹˜‡—’–‘›‘—” ‘†‹–‹‘•ǣ Ȉ–‘ ‘’›–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Ȉ–‘†‹•–”‹„—–‡‹–Ǣ Ȉ–‘†‹•’Žƒ›‘”’‡”ˆ‘”‹–’—„Ž‹ Ž›Ǣ

ͺ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁƒ•‡Ž‹‡̴‹‰Š–•ƒ†ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ǥƒ—Ȁƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•Ȁ™Šƒ–‹• Ǥ’†ˆǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 27

Ȉ –‘ ƒ‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ’—„Ž‹  ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡• ‘ˆ ‹– ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ ™‡„ ƒ•–‹‰ȌǢ Ȉ–‘•Š‹ˆ––Š‡™‘”‹–‘ƒ‘–Š‡”ˆ‘”ƒ–ƒ•ƒ˜‡”„ƒ–‹ ‘’›Ǥ  ii)Fromthelicensee’spointofview Š‡›‘——•‡ƒ›ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǡ›‘——•–ƒŽ™ƒ›•ǣ Ȉƒ––”‹„—–‡–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ͻǢ Ȉ‰‡–’‡”‹••‹‘ˆ”‘–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”–‘†‘ƒ›–Š‹‰–Šƒ–‰‘‡• „‡›‘†–Š‡–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ȋ‡‰Ǥƒ‹‰ƒ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ—•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘” ”‡ƒ–‹‰ ƒ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘” ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ †‘‡•‘–’‡”‹––Š‹•ȌǢ Ȉ‡‡’ƒ› ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡ƒ––ƒ Š‡†–‘–Š‡™‘”‹–ƒ –‘ ƒŽŽ ‘’‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Ȉ ƒ‡ –Š‡  Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ† ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ Ž‹ –‘ ‹– ˆ”‘ ƒ› ‘’‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣƒ† Ȉ ™Š‡”‡ ›‘— ƒ‡ Šƒ‰‡• –‘ –Š‡ ™‘”ǡ ƒ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ™‘”ƒ†‹†‹ ƒ–‡–Šƒ– Šƒ‰‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ƒ†‡ȋ‡‰„› •–ƒ–‹‰ǮŠ‹•‹•ƒ ”‡ Š–”ƒ•Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ™‘”ǡǯȌǤ ƒ††‹–‹‘ǡ™Š‡›‘——•‡ƒ›ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǡ›‘——•–‘–ǣ ȈƒŽ–‡”–Š‡–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǣ Ȉ —•‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ‹ ƒ› ™ƒ› –Šƒ– ‹• ’”‡Œ—†‹ ‹ƒŽ –‘ –Š‡ ”‡’—–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Ȉ‹’Ž›–Šƒ––Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”‹•‡†‘”•‹‰‘”•’‘•‘”‹‰›‘—‘” ›‘—”™‘”Ǣ‘” Ȉƒ††ƒ›–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ȋ•— Šƒ•†‹‰‹–ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•ƒƒ‰‡‡–Ȍ –‘–Š‡™‘”–Šƒ–”‡•–”‹ –‘–Š‡”’‡‘’Ž‡ˆ”‘—•‹‰‹–—†‡”–Š‡ –‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ

Ǥ              ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ”‡ ‹†‡ƒŽŽ› •–”— –—”‡† ‹ –™‘ ’ƒ”–•ǣ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ’ƒ”– ‹†‹ ƒ–‡• –Š‡ Dzˆ”‡‡†‘•dz –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”

ͻ ‘”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘Š‘™–‘ƒ––”‹„—–‡ƒ™‘”ǡ•‡‡–Š‡•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ‰—‹†‡Dz ‘™ –‘ ––”‹„—–‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽdz ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ǥƒ—Ȁƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•Ȁƒ––”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ’†ˆǤ 28 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

™ƒ–• –‘ ƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ„‘—– Š‹• ™‘”Ǣ –Š‡ •‡ ‘† ’ƒ”– ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘•‘™Š‹ Š‹•ƒŽŽ‘™‡†–‘„‡—•‡†Ǥ ‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ’ƒ”– ȋ–Š‡ Dzˆ”‡‡†‘•dz –Šƒ– –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ‘ ‡†‡•–‘–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‡•Ȍ™‡ ƒ•ƒ›–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ ‘’›‹‰ ƒ† –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”ǡ —•‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰™‘”†•ƒ†–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰˜‹•—ƒŽ•ǣ

«You are free to to Share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work» 

 –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ ‘Ž› •‘‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ȋ‘– ƒŽŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡Ȍ ƒŽŽ‘™–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‡•–‘ƒŽ•‘‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡™‘”ǡ•’‡ ‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‹•™‹–Š –Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰•‹’Ž‡’Š”ƒ•‡ƒ†˜‹•—ƒŽǣ

Ǽ‘— ƒ”‡ ˆ”‡‡ –‘ ‡‹š Ȃ –‘ ƒ†ƒ’– –Š‡ ™‘”ǽ

‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ –Š‡ •‡ ‘† ’ƒ”– ȋ–Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ†‡ „› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”–‘—•‡Š‹•™‘”Ȍ™‡ ƒ•ƒ›–Šƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡† ‹–‘ ˆ‘—” „ƒ•‹  Žƒ—•‡• ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ƒ Š‘‘•‡ƒ†ƒ– Š–‘Š‹•‡‡†• 

Attribution – Ǽ‘— —•– ƒ––”‹„—–‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ‹ –Š‡ ƒ‡” •’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘” ‘” Ž‹ ‡•‘” ȋ„—– ‘– ‹ ƒ› ™ƒ› –Šƒ– •—‰‰‡•–• –Šƒ– –Š‡› ‡†‘”•‡ ›‘— ‘” ›‘—”—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ȌǤǽ

Š‹• Žƒ—•‡‹•ƒˆ‡ƒ–—”‡‹‡˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ –•–ƒ–‡•–Šƒ–‡˜‡”› –‹‡™‡—•‡–Š‡™‘”™‡—•– Ž‡ƒ”Ž›‹†‹ ƒ–‡™Š‘–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘” ‹•Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 29

  Non Commercial Ȃ Ǽ‘— ƒ› ‘– —•‡  –Š‹•™‘”ˆ‘” ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡•Ǥǽ 

Š‹•‡ƒ•–Šƒ–‹ˆ™‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡ ‘’‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ǡ™‡ ƒ ‘–†‘‹–‹ƒ›™ƒ›™Š‹ Š‹•’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›‹–‡†‡†ˆ‘”‘”†‹”‡ –‡† –‘™ƒ”† ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘” ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ‘‡–ƒ”› ‘’‡•ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘ †‘ –Š‹•ǡ ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ –‘ ƒ• –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ˆ‘” •’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ

No DerivativesȂǼ‘— ƒ› ‘– ƒŽ–‡”ǡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ǡ‘”„—‹Ž†—’‘–Š‹•™‘”Ǥǽ

ˆ™‡™ƒ––‘‘†‹ˆ›ǡ–‘ ‘””‡ –ǡ–‘–”ƒ•Žƒ–‡‘”–‘”‡‹š–Š‡ ™‘”ǡ™‡Šƒ˜‡–‘ƒ•–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”ˆ‘”•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ

Share Alike – Ǽ ˆ ›‘— ƒŽ–‡”ǡ –”ƒ•ˆ‘”ǡ ‘” „—‹Ž† —’‘ –Š‹• ™‘”ǡ ›‘— ƒ› †‹•–”‹„—–‡–Š‡”‡•—Ž–‹‰™‘”‘Ž›—†‡” –Š‡•ƒ‡‘”•‹‹Žƒ”Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘–Š‹•‘‡Ǥǽ

Š‹• Žƒ—•‡ȋƒ•‹–‹•‹–Š‡ ”‡‡‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡‘†‡ŽȌ‰”ƒ–•–Šƒ– –Š‡Dzˆ”‡‡†‘•dz ‘ ‡†‡†„›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”™‹ŽŽ„‡ƒŽ•‘‡’–‘–Š‡ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•ȋƒ†‘–Š‡†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡‘‡•‘ˆ–Š‡†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‡•ǡ™‹–Šƒ’‡”•‹•–‡–‡ˆˆ‡ –ȌǤ         30 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Ǥ   ”‘–Š‡ƒ– Š‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ˆ‘—”„ƒ•‹  Žƒ—•‡•™‡Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ •‹š •Š‡‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ™Š‹ Š ƒ”‡ ƒ‡† „› ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰–‘–Š‡ Žƒ—•‡••Š‘™‹–Š‡’”‡˜‹‘—••‡ –‹‘Ǥ Š‡›ƒ”‡ȋˆ”‘–Š‡‘•–’‡”‹••‹˜‡–‘–Š‡‘•–”‡•–”‹ –‹˜‡Ȍǣ

Attribution

Attribution–ShareAlike

Attribution–NoDerivatives

Attribution–NonCommercial

Attribution–NonCommercial– ShareAlike

Attribution–NonCommercial– NoDerivatives

Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–™‘‡••‡–‹ƒŽ’‘‹–•‹–Š‹•Ž‹•–ǣ Ǧ–Š‡Dz––”‹„—–‹‘dz Žƒ—•‡‹•’”‡•‡–‹‡˜‡”›Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǣ Ǧ–Š‡Dz‘‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡•dz Žƒ—•‡ƒ†–Š‡DzŠƒ”‡Ž‹‡dz Žƒ—•‡ƒ”‡ ‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡™‹–Š‡ƒ Š‘–Š‡”ȋ‹ˆƒ –ǡ–Š‡ˆ‹”•–‘‡†‡‹‡•–Š‡ ‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ •‡ ‘† ‹’Ž‹ ‹–Ž› ‰‹˜‡• ’‡”‹••‹‘–‘‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡™‘”ȌǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 31

––Š‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•™‡„Ǧ•‹–‡ ͳͲ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ‘”‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡†‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—–‡˜‡”›•‹‰Ž‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǣ  Attribution Š‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ž‡–•‘–Š‡”•†‹•–”‹„—–‡ǡ”‡‹šǡ–™‡ƒǡƒ†„—‹Ž†—’‘ ›‘—”™‘”ǡ‡˜‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•–Š‡› ”‡†‹–›‘—ˆ‘” –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‹• ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– ƒ ‘‘†ƒ–‹‰ ‘ˆ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‘ˆˆ‡”‡†ǡ ‹ –‡”• ‘ˆ ™Šƒ– ‘–Š‡”• ƒ †‘ ™‹–Š ›‘—” ™‘”•Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡”––”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ  Attribution – ShareAlike Š‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ž‡–•‘–Š‡”•”‡‹šǡ–™‡ƒǡƒ†„—‹Ž†—’‘›‘—”™‘” ‡˜‡ ˆ‘” ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒ•‘•ǡ ƒ• Ž‘‰ ƒ• –Š‡› ”‡†‹– ›‘— ƒ† Ž‹ ‡•‡ –Š‡‹” ‡™ ”‡ƒ–‹‘• —†‡” –Š‡ ‹†‡–‹ ƒŽ –‡”•Ǥ Š‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•‘ˆ–‡ ‘’ƒ”‡†–‘‘’‡•‘—” ‡•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǤŽŽ ‡™™‘”•„ƒ•‡†‘›‘—”•™‹ŽŽ ƒ””›–Š‡•ƒ‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ•‘ƒ› †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡•™‹ŽŽƒŽ•‘ƒŽŽ‘™ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ—•‡Ǥ  Attribution – NoDerivatives Š‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒŽŽ‘™• ˆ‘” ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ǡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽǡ ƒ• Ž‘‰ ƒ• ‹– ‹• ’ƒ••‡† ƒŽ‘‰ — Šƒ‰‡† ƒ† ‹ ™Š‘Ž‡ǡ™‹–Š ”‡†‹––‘›‘—Ǥ  Attribution–NonCommercial Š‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ž‡–•‘–Š‡”•”‡‹šǡ–™‡ƒǡƒ†„—‹Ž†—’‘›‘—”™‘” ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ƒ† ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡‹” ‡™ ™‘”• —•– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ ‘™Ž‡†‰‡ ›‘— ƒ† „‡ ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽǡ –Š‡› †‘ǯ– Šƒ˜‡ –‘ Ž‹ ‡•‡–Š‡‹”†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•‘–Š‡•ƒ‡–‡”•Ǥ  Attribution–NonCommercial – ShareAlike Š‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ž‡–•‘–Š‡”•”‡‹šǡ–™‡ƒǡƒ†„—‹Ž†—’‘›‘—”™‘” ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•–Š‡› ”‡†‹–›‘—ƒ†Ž‹ ‡•‡–Š‡‹” ‡™ ”‡ƒ–‹‘•—†‡”–Š‡‹†‡–‹ ƒŽ–‡”•Ǥ–Š‡”• ƒ†‘™Ž‘ƒ† ƒ†”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡›‘—”™‘”Œ—•–Ž‹‡–Š‡„›Ǧ Ǧ†Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ„—– –Š‡› ƒƒŽ•‘–”ƒ•Žƒ–‡ǡƒ‡”‡‹š‡•ǡƒ†’”‘†— ‡‡™•–‘”‹‡• „ƒ•‡†‘›‘—”™‘”ǤŽŽ‡™™‘”„ƒ•‡†‘›‘—”•™‹ŽŽ ƒ””› –Š‡ •ƒ‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ •‘ ƒ› †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡• ™‹ŽŽ ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ‹ƒ–—”‡Ǥ

ͳͲ ƒ‡ˆ”‘Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁƒ„‘—–ȀŽ‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ 32 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

 Attribution–NonCommercial – NoDerivatives Š‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• –Š‡ ‘•– ”‡•–”‹ –‹˜‡ ‘ˆ ‘—” •‹š ƒ‹ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ Š‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• ‘ˆ–‡ ƒŽŽ‡† –Š‡ Dzˆ”‡‡ ƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰dzŽ‹ ‡•‡„‡ ƒ—•‡‹–ƒŽŽ‘™•‘–Š‡”•–‘†‘™Ž‘ƒ†›‘—” ™‘”•ƒ†•Šƒ”‡–Š‡™‹–Š‘–Š‡”•ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•–Š‡›‡–‹‘›‘— ƒ†Ž‹„ƒ –‘›‘—ǡ„—––Š‡› ƒǯ– Šƒ‰‡–Š‡‹ƒ›™ƒ›‘” —•‡–Š‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ›Ǥ

Ǥ     • Šƒ• Šƒ’’‡‡† ˆ‘” ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• ™Š‹ Š ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ–Š‡–‡š–‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹• •—„Œ‡ –‡† –‘ ‹””‡‰—Žƒ” —’†ƒ–‡• †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ‡‡† –‘ ‹’”‘˜‡ǡ •’‡ ‹ˆ›ǡ ‘’Ž‡–‡ǡ ‘” ‡Ž‹‹ƒ–‡ •‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ—•‡•Ǥ – ƒ†‡’‡†‘˜ƒ”‹‘—•ˆƒ –‘”•ǡ•— Šƒ•–Š‡‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”‡– ƒ† –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‹‘˜ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– „”‹‰ ‡™ –‘’‹ •–‘ ‘•‹†‡”‹–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ ––Š‡†ƒ–‡‘ˆ–Š‡™”‹–‹‰‘ˆ–Š‹•„‘‘ȋ—‰—•–ʹͲͳͲȌ–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ”‡ƒ–˜‡”•‹‘͵ǤͲǤͳͳ

4.OTHERSPECIALCREATIVECOMMONSTOOLS – –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ ʹͲͲ͹ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Žƒ— Š‡† –™‘ ‡™ ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰’”‘Œ‡ –•™Š‹ Šƒ‹–‘‡”‹ Š–Š‡•—’’Ž›‘ˆ•‡”˜‹ ‡• „‡•‹†‡•–Š‡‡”‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ‡ƒ”‡”‡ˆ‡””‹‰–‘–™‘–‘‘Ž•™Š‹ Š ’Žƒ› –™‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‘Ž‡•ǡ –Šƒ• –‘ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”• ƒ ‘—‹ ƒ–‡ ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ „‡•‹†‡• –Š‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ–‹•ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‹‰’”‘ ‡••Ǥ

Ǥ •™”‹––‡‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•™‡„•‹–‡ǡŽ—•‹•Ǽƒ ’”‘–‘ ‘Ž’”‘˜‹†‹‰ƒ•‹’Ž‡™ƒ›ˆ‘”—•‡”•–‘‰‡–”‹‰Š–•„‡›‘† –Š‡”‹‰Š–•‰”ƒ–‡†„›ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡ǽͳʹǤ  Ž—• ‹• ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ ƒ‘–ƒ–‹‘ ™Š‹ Š †‡‘–‡• –Šƒ– ˆ—”–Š‡” ’‡”‹••‹‘•„‡›‘†–Š‘•‡ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›’”‘˜‹†‡†„›–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ› „‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡Ǥ

ͳͳ ‘–‹‡˜‡”› ‘—–”›Ǥ ͳʹ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀŽ—•Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 33

Ǽ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ƒ ™‘”ǯ• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹‰Š– ‘ˆˆ‡”‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•Ǥ‹–ŠŽ—•ǡ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒƒŽ•‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ Ž‹ „› ™Š‹ Š ƒ —•‡” ‹‰Š– •‡ —”‡ ”‹‰Š–• „‡›‘† ‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ”‹‰Š–• – ‘•–‘„˜‹‘—•Ž› ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ”‹‰Š–•ǡ„—– ƒŽ•‘ ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ’‡”‹••‹‘• ‘” •‡”˜‹ ‡• •— Š ƒ• ™ƒ””ƒ–›ǡ ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ —•‡ ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ––”‹„—–‹‘ǡ ‘” ‡˜‡ ƒ ‡•• –‘ ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡‘”’Š›•‹ ƒŽ‡†‹ƒǤǽͳ͵ ‘„‡––‡”—†‡”•–ƒ†ǡŽ‡–ǯ•”‡ˆŽ‡ –‘‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘•––›’‹ ƒŽ ƒ•‡•ǣ–Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ‹†‡’‡†‡–—•‹ Žƒ„‡Ž™Š‹ Š’—„Ž‹•Š‡• •‘‰•™‹–ŠƒDzNon C‘‡” ‹ƒŽdzŽ‹ ‡•‡‘‹–•™‡„•‹–‡ǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‡ •‘‰•Ž‹ ‡•‡†–Š‹•™ƒ› ƒ„‡ˆ”‡‡Ž›†‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡†ƒ†—•‡†ˆ‘” ‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡•ǤŽŽ–Š‡•ƒ‡ǡˆ‘”–Š‘•‡™Š‘™ƒ––‘ ƒŽ•‘ƒ‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ—•‡ǡ–Š‡Žƒ„‡Ž†‡ ‹†‡•–‘’”‘˜‹†‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽ ‘†‹–‹‘•ȋˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡–Š‡’ƒ›‡–‘ˆƒˆ‡‡‘”–Š‡ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆƒƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰‡••ƒ‰‡ȌǢ•‘‹–‡–”—•–•‹–•Ž‡‰ƒŽ‘ˆˆ‹ ‡™‹–Š–Š‡ ™”‹–‹‰‘ˆƒ•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‹™Š‹ Š–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–Š‡ Žƒ—•‡•–Šƒ– –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡‡• •ŠƒŽŽ ”‡•’‡ – –‘ ƒ‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘‰•Ǥ Š‡ –‡š– ‘ˆ –Š‹• •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ „‡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ ƒ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ ’ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Žƒ„‡Žǯ• ™‡„•‹–‡ǡ „—– ‹ ‘”†‡” ˆ‘” ‹– –‘ „‡ ‘–‡† ‘ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• †‡‡†ǡ –Š‡  Ž—• ƒ‘–ƒ–‹‘ ‘‡•‹–‘’Žƒ›Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ —†‡” –Š‡ Žƒ••‹  †‹• Žƒ‹‡” ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•™‡™‹ŽŽˆ‹†–Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰’Š”ƒ•‡ǣDz’‡”‹••‹‘•„‡›‘†–Š‡• ‘’‡‘ˆ–Š‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ› „‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ–ǤǤǤdzǢ ƒ† Š‡”‡ ™‡ ™‹ŽŽ ƒ†† –Š‡ ™‡„ ƒ††”‡•• ™Š‡”‡–Š‡•—’’Ž‡‡–ƒ”›Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•Ž‘ ƒ–‡†Ǥ Š‡ •ƒ‡ –›’‡ ‘ˆ ƒ”‰—‡– ‹•˜ƒŽ‹†ˆ‘”Ž‹ ‡•‡•™Š‹ Š ‘–ƒ‹ƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡Dzƒ––”‹„—–‹‘dzǡDz‘†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•dzǡ‘”Dz•Šƒ”‡ ƒŽ‹‡dz Žƒ—•‡•ǡ ƒ† –‘ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ™ƒ–• –‘ ƒ†† ‘ˆˆ‡” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –‡”• –‘ ƒŽŽ‘™ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” ™‹–Š‘—– ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ”‡†‹– ‘” –Š‡ ‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘—–•‹†‡ ‘ˆ ‘’Ž‹ƒ ‡ ™‹–Š–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–‡”•‘ˆˆ‡”‡†Ǥ ‡”‡‹•ƒŠ›’‘–Š‡–‹ ƒŽ—•‡‘ˆŽ—•ǣ

ͳ͵ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀŽ—•Ǥ 34 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‘”‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ƒ„‘—– –Š‹• –‘‘Ž ƒ”‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀŽ—•Ǥ 

ǤͲȋȌͳͶ Ͳ‹•ƒ‘–Š‡”‹–‡”‡•–‹‰’”‘Œ‡ –„›”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘‘•ǣ‹– ‹•ƒ–‘‘Ž–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™• ”‡ƒ–‘”•–‘‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›’Žƒ ‡–Š‡‹”™‘”•‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  †‘ƒ‹ –Š”‘—‰Š ƒ ™ƒ‹˜‡” ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š– –‘ –Š‡ ‡š–‡–’‡”‹––‡†„›Žƒ™Ǥ Ͳ‡ƒ„Ž‡•• ‹‡–‹•–•ǡ‡†— ƒ–‘”•ǡƒ”–‹•–•ƒ†‘–Š‡” ”‡ƒ–‘”• ƒ†‘™‡”•‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǧ’”‘–‡ –‡† ‘–‡––‘™ƒ‹˜‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‹–‡”‡•–•‹–Š‡‹”™‘”•ƒ†–Š‡”‡„›’Žƒ ‡–Š‡ƒ• ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› ƒ• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ‹ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  †‘ƒ‹ǡ ‹ ‘”†‡” ˆ‘” ‘–Š‡”• –‘ ˆ”‡‡Ž› „—‹Ž† ‘ǡ ‡Šƒ ‡ ƒ† ”‡—•‡ –Š‡ ™‘”• ˆ‘” ƒ› ’—”’‘•‡• ™‹–Š‘—–”‡•–”‹ –‹‘—†‡” ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ  ‘–”ƒ•– –‘ ǯ• Ž‹ ‡•‡• –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ‘™ ‘’›”‹‰Š– Š‘Ž†‡”• –‘ Š‘‘•‡ ˆ”‘ ƒ ”ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ’‡”‹••‹‘• ™Š‹Ž‡ ”‡–ƒ‹‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǡ Ͳ ‡’‘™‡”• ƒ‘–Š‡” Š‘‹ ‡ ƒŽ–‘‰‡–Š‡” Ȃ –Š‡ Š‘‹ ‡ –‘ ‘’– ‘—– ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒ† –Š‡ ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡ ”‹‰Š–• ‹– ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› ‰”ƒ–• –‘ ”‡ƒ–‘”• Ȃ –Š‡ Dz‘ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡–‘‘—”Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ ‡ˆˆ‡ –ǡ™‡‘™–Šƒ– ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒ†‘–Š‡”Žƒ™•–Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‡™‘”Ž†ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›‡š–‡† ‘’›”‹‰Š–’”‘–‡ –‹‘–‘™‘”•‘ˆ ƒ—–Š‘”•Š‹’ƒ††ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡•ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‘” ”‡ƒ–‘”™ƒ–• –Š‘•‡”‹‰Š–•‘”‘–ǤͲ‰‹˜‡•’‡‘’Ž‡™Š‘™ƒ––‘‰‹˜‡—’–Š‘•‡ ”‹‰Š–•ƒ™ƒ›–‘†‘•‘ǡ–‘–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ‡•–‡š–‡–ƒŽŽ‘™‡†„›Žƒ™Ǥ ‡–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”‘”ƒ•—„•‡“—‡–‘™‡”‘ˆƒ™‘”ƒ’’Ž‹‡•Ͳ–‘ƒ™‘”ǡ –Š‡™‘”‹•‘Ž‘‰‡”Š‹•‘”Š‡”•‹ƒ›‡ƒ‹‰ˆ—ŽŽ‡‰ƒŽ•‡•‡Ǥ ›‘‡ ƒ–Š‡—•‡–Š‡™‘”‹ƒ›™ƒ›ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒ›’—”’‘•‡ǡ ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ’—”’‘•‡•ǡ •—„Œ‡ – –‘ ”‹‰Š–• ‘–Š‡”• ƒ›

ͳͶ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁƒ„‘—–Ȁ Ͳƒ†ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀͲǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 35

Šƒ˜‡‹–Š‡™‘”‘”Š‘™–Š‡™‘”‹•—•‡†ǤŠ‹‘ˆͲƒ•–Š‡ Dz‘”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‘’–‹‘Ǥ † Š‘™ †‘‡• ‹– ™‘”ǫ  ’‡”•‘ —•‹‰ Ͳ ȋ ƒŽŽ‡† –Š‡ Dzƒˆˆ‹”‡”dz‹–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡Ȍ™ƒ‹˜‡•ƒŽŽ‘ˆŠ‹•‘”Š‡” ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒŽ‘‰ ™‹–Š ‡‹‰Š„‘”‹‰ ƒ† ”‡Žƒ–‡† ”‹‰Š–• ‹ ƒ ™‘”ǡ –‘ –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ‡•–‡š–‡–’‡”‹––‡†„›Žƒ™Ǥ ˆ–Š‡™ƒ‹˜‡”‹•‘–‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ˆ‘” ƒ› ”‡ƒ•‘ǡ –Š‡ Ͳ ƒ –• ƒ• ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒˆˆ‹”‡” ‰”ƒ–‹‰–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ƒ— ‘†‹–‹‘ƒŽǡ‹””‡˜‘ ƒ„Ž‡ǡ‘‡š Ž—•‹˜‡ǡ ”‘›ƒŽ–›ˆ”‡‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘—•‡–Š‡™‘”ˆ‘”ƒ›’—”’‘•‡ •—„•–ƒ ‡ǡ‹– ‘•‹•–•‹ƒ’”‘ ‡†—”‡–Šƒ•–‘™Š‹ Š–Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘” ‡”–‹ˆ‹‡• ’—„Ž‹ Ž› –Šƒ– Š‡ ™ƒ–•–‘ †‹• Žƒ‹ –‘–ƒŽŽ› ƒ† ‹””‡˜‘ ƒ„Ž› –‘ ‡š‡” ‹•‡ Š‹• ”‹‰Š–•ǡ •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ „‡ ‘•‹†‡”‡† ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž› ‹ ƒ ’—„Ž‹  †‘ƒ‹ •–ƒ–—•Ǥ – ƒ „‡ ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† „› Š‡Ž’‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘” –‘ Dz•‹‰dz ȋ‡˜‡ ˜‹”–—ƒŽŽ›Ȍ –Š‹•†‡ Žƒ”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’—”’‘•‡ƒ†„›‡‡’‹‰ƒ’—„Ž‹ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡‘ˆ ‹–Ǥ ‡”‡‹•–Š‡• ”‡‡Ǧ•Š‘–‘ˆ–Š‡Ͳ’”‘ ‡†—”‡Ǥ

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 CHAPTERTHREE SUGGESTIONSTOCORRECTLYAPPLY THELICENSES

      



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1.BASICADVICESFORACORRECTAPPROACH •™‡Šƒ˜‡Œ—•–•‡‡ǡƒ’’Ž›‹‰Ž‹ ‡•‡•–‘‘—”™‘”•„”‹‰• ƒ•‘”–‘ˆ•‡ŽˆǦƒƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ‘—””‹‰Š–•ǡ™Š‹ Š‰‘‡•„‡›‘†–Š‡ –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡–™‘” ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ”‹‡• ‹˜‘Ž˜‡† ‹ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ Š‹• ‹• ƒ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› ‡™ ’”ƒ –‹ ‡ ƒ† ‹• •–”‹ –Ž› ‘‡ –‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘ ™‘”Ž† ƒ‡ –Šƒ•–‘–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽƒ† ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘•–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•Ǥ  ‡••‡ ‡ǡ ‡ƒ Š •‹‰Ž‡ ƒ—–Š‘” Šƒ• –‘ –ƒ‡ ‘ ƒ••‡••‡–• ƒ††‡ ‹•‹‘•ǡ™Š‹ Š‹–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ•›•–‡Šƒ†ƒŽ™ƒ›•„‡‡ ƒ ’”‡”‘‰ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘ˆ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† †‡ƒŽ‡”• ™Š‘ Šƒ† –Š‡ ‡ ‡••ƒ”› ‡š’‡”–‹•‡ƒ†’”ƒ –‹ ‡ǤŠ‡”‹•–Šƒ––Š‹•‹’‘”–ƒ–’Šƒ•‡™‹ŽŽ „‡ƒƒ‰‡†™‹–Š‹’”—†‡ ‡ƒ†‹ƒ —”ƒ ›‹•˜‡”›Š‹‰ŠǢƒ† –Š‹• Ȃ ƒ• ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‡–‹‘‡† Ȃ ‘—Ž† –—” ‹–‘ ƒ –”‡‡†‘—• „‘‘‡”ƒ‰ ƒŽ•‘ †ƒƒ‰‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”ȀŽ‹ ‡•‘” Š‹•‡ŽˆǤ Šƒ– ‹• ™Š› Ȃ ‹ •’‹–‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‹•‹–‡”‡†‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ––‹–—†‡ ™Š‹ Š ‹• ‹ƒ–‡ ‹ ‘’‡ ‘–‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡• Ȃ ‹– ‹• ‹ ƒ› ƒ•‡ ƒ ‰‘‘†‹†‡ƒ–‘ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‘•—Ž–™‹–Šƒ’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ™Š‘ ƒƒ–Ž‡ƒ•– Žƒ”‹ˆ›–Š‡„‹‰‰‡•–†‘—„–•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› ƒƒ‰‡† „› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” Š‹•‡ŽˆǤ Š—•ǡ „‡ˆ‘”‡ ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‹‰ –Š‡ ™‘”™‹–Š–Š‡ Š‘•‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––Šƒ––Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘” Šƒ•ƒ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ˜‹‡™‘ˆƒŽŽ–Š‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡–‘‘Ž•ǡ•— Šƒ•–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ ™‡„•‹–‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ’”‘Œ‡ –• ™Š‹ Š ’”‘‘–‡ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘• †‡†‹ ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡•‡ –‘’‹ •ǡ –Š‡ •’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ˆ‘”—•ƒ†ƒ‹Ž‹‰Ž‹•–•Ǥ ‡•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘ƒ––‡†–Š‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡† ‡˜‡–•‘”‰ƒ‹œ‡†‹–Š‹•ˆ‹‡Ž†Ǥ –Š‡‘–Š‡”Šƒ†ǡ‹–‹•ƒŽ•‘‹’‘”–ƒ––‘‘™Š‘™–‘•‡Ž‡ – –Š‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘—†‹Ž‡••‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ Šƒ‡Ž•ǡ–‘ƒ˜‘‹†ˆƒŽŽ‹‰ ˜‹ –‹ –‘ ‹•‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ‹– ‹• ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ –‘ ‰ƒ–Š‡” •‘‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹‘”†‡”‘––‘”‹•‡š’‡”‹‡ ‹‰—’Ž‡ƒ•ƒ– •‹–—ƒ–‹‘•ƒ†–Š‡Šƒ˜‹‰–‘”‡’ƒ‹”–Š‡†ƒƒ‰‡–‘‘Žƒ–‡™‹–Š –Š‡Š‡Ž’‘ˆ•’‡ ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡†’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ•Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 39

2.BEFORELICENSING15 Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰Ž‹•–•‡–•‘—–•‘‡„ƒ•‹ –Š‹‰•–Šƒ–›‘—•Š‘—Ž† –Š‹ ƒ„‘—– „‡ˆ‘”‡ ›‘— ƒ’’Ž› ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ –‘ ›‘—”™‘”Ǥ  Ǥ               ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ’’Ž› –‘ ™‘”• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ’”‘–‡ –‡†„› ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ ‡‡”ƒŽŽ›ǡ™‘”•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡’”‘–‡ –‡†„› ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒ”‡ǣ„‘‘•ǡ• ”‹’–•ǡ™‡„•‹–‡•ǡŽ‡••‘’Žƒ•ǡ„Ž‘‰•ƒ† ƒ› ‘–Š‡” ˆ‘”• ‘ˆ ™”‹–‹‰•Ǣ ’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š• ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ˜‹•—ƒŽ ‹ƒ‰‡•Ǣˆ‹Ž•ǡ˜‹†‡‘‰ƒ‡•ƒ†‘–Š‡”˜‹•—ƒŽƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•Ǣ—•‹ ƒŽ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘•ǡ•‘—†”‡ ‘”†‹‰•ƒ†‘–Š‡”ƒ—†‹‘™‘”•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• †‘ ‘– ƒ’’Ž› –‘ –Š‹‰• •— Š ƒ• ‹†‡ƒ•ǡˆƒ –—ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘”‘–Š‡”–Š‹‰•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡‘–’”‘–‡ –‡† „› ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡„ƒ•‡†‹–Š‡ǡ›‘— ƒˆ‹†‘—–‘”‡ ƒ„‘—–™Šƒ–‹•ƒ†‹•‘– ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–’”‘–‡ –‹‘ƒ––Š‹• •‹–‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡„ƒ•‡†‹–Š‡ǡ˜‹•‹––Š‹••‹–‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡„ƒ•‡†‹ ƒ‹™ƒǡ –Š‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ– •–ƒ–—–‘”› ’”‘˜‹•‹‘• ƒ”‡ ”–‹ Ž‡• ͻ ƒ† ͳͲ„‹•Ǥ

Ǥ    ‡ˆ‘”‡ƒ’’Ž›‹‰ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘ƒ™‘”ǡ›‘— ‡‡†–‘ƒ‡•—”‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›–‘†‘•‘ǤŠ‹•‡ƒ• –Šƒ– ›‘— ‡‡† –‘ ƒ‡ •—”‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’‡”•‘ ™Š‘ ‘™• –Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‹–Š‡™‘”‹•Šƒ’’›–‘Šƒ˜‡–Š‡™‘”ƒ†‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ —†‡”ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ǡ–Š‡›‘—ƒ”‡’”‘„ƒ„Ž›–Š‡ ‘™‡”‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ƒ†•‘ ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡–Š‡™‘”Š‘™›‘—™‹•ŠǤ ˆ ›‘— ƒ†‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ• ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ ›‘—” ‡’Ž‘›‡–ǡ –Š‡ ›‘—” ‡’Ž‘›‡” ’”‘„ƒ„Ž› ‘™• –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• –‘ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ† •‘ ‘Ž› ›‘—”‡’Ž‘›‡” ƒ†‡ ‹†‡–‘ƒ’’Ž›ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ†‡–Š‡™‘”—†‡”ƒƒ‰”‡‡‡–ǡ›‘—‡‡†–‘ Š‡ 

ͳͷ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‡ˆ‘”‡̴‹ ‡•‹‰Ǥ 40 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

–Š‡ –‡”• ‘ˆ –Šƒ– ƒ‰”‡‡‡– –‘ •‡‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• –‘ –Š‡ ™‘” ™‡”‡–”ƒ•ˆ‡””‡†–‘•‘‡‘‡‡Ž•‡Ǥ ˆ ›‘— ƒ”‡ ‘„‹‹‰ ’”‡Ǧ‡š‹•–‹‰ ™‘”• ƒ†‡ „› ‘–Š‡” ’‡‘’Ž‡ȋ—Ž‡••–Š‘•‡™‘”•ƒ”‡‹–Š‡’—„Ž‹ †‘ƒ‹ǡƒ†–Š—• –Š‡”‡‹•‘‘‡ˆ”‘™Š‘’‡”‹••‹‘‹•”‡“—‹”‡†Ȍ‘”™‘”‹‰ ‹ ‘Œ— –‹‘ ™‹–Š ‘–Š‡” ’‡‘’Ž‡ –‘ ’”‘†— ‡ •‘‡–Š‹‰ǡ ›‘— ‡‡† –‘ ƒ‡ •—”‡ –Šƒ– ›‘— Šƒ˜‡ ‡š’”‡•• ƒ† ‡š’Ž‹ ‹– ’‡”‹••‹‘ –‘ ƒ’’Ž› ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‡† ”‡•—Ž–ȋ—Ž‡••›‘—”—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‡Ǧ‡š‹•–‹‰™‘”• ‘•–‹–—–‡•ˆƒ‹” —•‡ǡ ƒ† –Š—• ‘ ’‡”‹••‹‘ ‹• ”‡“—‹”‡†ȌǤ ‘— †‘ǯ– Šƒ˜‡ –Š‹• ‹†‘ˆ’‡”‹••‹‘‹–Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆǡ•ƒ›ǡƒƒ†‘ƒ‘”ƒ –ƒŽ‘ ƒŽ˜‹‘ ‘˜‡Žǡ –Šƒ– ›‘— ’—” Šƒ•‡ǡ „‡ ƒ—•‡ –Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ†‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ —†‡” DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ ‘— ƒ ‘Ž› •‡ —”‡–Š‹•‹†‘ˆ’‡”‹••‹‘‹ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡‹†‹”‡ – ‘–ƒ –™‹–Š –Š‡’‡”•‘ǡ†‹• —••”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‹‰™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ† –Š‡›ƒ‰”‡‡–‘ƒ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǣ‘ˆ ‘—”•‡ǡ‹ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡ ‘„‹‹‰ ƒ™‘”–Šƒ–‹•ƒŽ”‡ƒ†›”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡†–Š‡›‘—™‹ŽŽ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–•ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡† ›‘—” —•‡ ‹• ‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š –Š‡ –‡”•‘ˆ–Šƒ–Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǩ

Ǥ           ‡ˆ‘”‡›‘—ƒ’’Ž›ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘›‘—”™‘”ǡ ›‘— •Š‘—Ž† ƒ‡ •—”‡ ›‘— —†‡”•–ƒ† Š‘™ –Š‡› ‘’‡”ƒ–‡Ǥ ‘— ƒ†‘–Š‹•„›”‡˜‹‡™‹‰–Š‡ ƒ†Ȁ‘”ƒ••’‡ ‹ˆ‹ “—‡•–‹‘• ƒ† ˜‘‹ ‡ ›‘—” ‘ ‡”• ‘ ‘—” †‹• —••‹‘ ˆ‘”ƒǤ ‡Ž‘™ ‹• ƒ ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™‘ˆ•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡›‡Ž‡‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‹‰‘†‡ŽǤ HowdoesaCreativeCommonslicenseoperate? ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ”‡ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ ‘ ‹– ƒ’’Ž‹‡• –‘ ƒŽŽ ™‘”• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ’”‘–‡ –‡† „› ‘’›”‹‰Š– Žƒ™Ǥ Š‡ ‹†•‘ˆ™‘”•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡’”‘–‡ –‡†„› ‘’›”‹‰Š–Žƒ™ƒ”‡„‘‘•ǡ ™‡„•‹–‡•ǡ „Ž‘‰•ǡ ’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š•ǡ ˆ‹Ž•ǡ ˜‹†‡‘•ǡ •‘‰• ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ƒ—†‹‘Ƭ˜‹•—ƒŽ”‡ ‘”†‹‰•ǡˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡Ǥ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡’”‘‰”ƒ•ƒ”‡ ƒŽ•‘ ’”‘–‡ –‡† „› ‘’›”‹‰Š– „—–ǡ ƒ• ‡š’Žƒ‹‡† ‹ –Š‡ ǡ ™‡ •–”‘‰Ž›”‡ ‘‡†–Šƒ–›‘—†‘‘–ƒ’’Ž›ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 41

”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‰‹˜‡ ›‘— –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ †‹ –ƒ–‡ Š‘™ ‘–Š‡”• ƒ› ‡š‡” ‹•‡ ›‘—” ‘’›”‹‰Š– ”‹‰Š–•–•— Š ƒ• –Š‡ ”‹‰Š– ‘ˆ ‘–Š‡”• –‘ ‘’› ›‘—” ™‘”ǡ ƒ‡ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘”• ‘” ƒ†ƒ’–ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ›‘—”™‘”ǡ–‘†‹•–”‹„—–‡›‘—”™‘”ƒ†Ȁ‘”ƒ‡ ‘‡› ˆ”‘ ›‘—” ™‘”Ǥ Š‡› †‘ ‘– ‰‹˜‡ ›‘— –Š‡ ƒ„‹Ž‹–› –‘ ”‡•–”‹ –ƒ›–Š‹‰–Šƒ–‹•‘–Š‡”™‹•‡’‡”‹––‡†„›‡š ‡’–‹‘•‘” Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•–‘ ‘’›”‹‰Š––‹ Ž—†‹‰ǡ‹’‘”–ƒ–Ž›ǡˆƒ‹”—•‡‘”ˆƒ‹” †‡ƒŽ‹‰ –‘”†‘–Š‡›‰‹˜‡›‘—–Š‡ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘ ‘–”‘Žƒ›–Š‹‰–Šƒ– ‹•‘–’”‘–‡ –‡†„› ‘’›”‹‰Š–Žƒ™ǡ•— Šƒ•ˆƒ –•ƒ†‹†‡ƒ•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ––ƒ Š –‘ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ† ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡‡˜‡”›‘‡™Š‘ ‘‡•‹ ‘–ƒ –™‹–Š–Š‡™‘”–‘—•‡ ‹– ‘•‹•–‡–™‹–Š–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǤŠ‹•‡ƒ•–Šƒ–‹ˆ‘„Šƒ•ƒ ‘’› ‘ˆ›‘—””‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡†™‘”ǡ‘„ ƒ‰‹˜‡ƒ ‘’› –‘ ƒ”‘Ž ƒ† ƒ”‘Ž ™‹ŽŽ „‡ ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡† –‘ —•‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘•‹•–‡–™‹–Š–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ‘—–Š‡Šƒ˜‡ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ‰”‡‡‡–•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡Ž›™‹–Š„‘–Š‘„ƒ†ƒ”‘ŽǤ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ”‡‡š’”‡••‡†‹–Š”‡‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‘”ƒ–•ǣ–Š‡‘‘•‡‡†ȋŠ—ƒǦ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡ ‘†‡Ȍǡ–Š‡‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡ ȋŽƒ™›‡”Ǧ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡ ‘†‡ȌǢ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ ȋƒ Š‹‡ ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡ ‘†‡ȌǤ‘—†‘ǯ–‡‡†–‘•‹‰ƒ›–Š‹‰–‘‰‡–ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡–Œ—•–•‡Ž‡ –›‘—”Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ–‘—”Ǯ‹ ‡•‡ǯ’ƒ‰‡Ǥ ‡ ˆ‹ƒŽ –Š‹‰ ›‘— •Š‘—Ž† —†‡”•–ƒ† ƒ„‘—– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ‹• –Šƒ– –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ƒŽŽ ‘Ǧ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡Ǥ Š‹• ‡ƒ•–Šƒ–›‘— ƒ’‡”‹––Š‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ’—„Ž‹ –‘—•‡›‘—”™‘” —†‡” ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡–‡” ‹–‘ ƒ •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ƒ††‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‘Ǧ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™‹–Š•‘‡‘‡‡Ž•‡ǡ ˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ‹‡š Šƒ‰‡ˆ‘”‘‡›Ǥ WhatifIchangemymind? Š‹• ‹• ƒ ‡š–”‡‡Ž› ‹’‘”–ƒ– ’‘‹– ˆ‘” ›‘— –‘ ‘•‹†‡”Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ”‡‘Ǧ”‡˜‘ ƒ„Ž‡ǤŠ‹•‡ƒ•–Šƒ– ›‘— ƒ‘–•–‘’•‘‡‘‡ǡ™Š‘Šƒ•‘„–ƒ‹‡†›‘—”™‘”—†‡”ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ ˆ”‘ —•‹‰ –Š‡ ™‘” ƒ ‘”†‹‰ –‘ –Šƒ–Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ‘— ƒ•–‘’‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰›‘—”™‘”—†‡”ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡ƒ–ƒ›–‹‡›‘—™‹•ŠǢ„—––Š‹•™‹ŽŽ‘–ƒˆˆ‡ – –Š‡ ”‹‰Š–• ™‹–Š ƒ› ‘’‹‡•‘ˆ›‘—” ™‘”ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‹ ‹” —Žƒ–‹‘ —†‡” ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‘ ›‘— ‡‡† –‘ –Š‹ ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›™Š‡ Š‘‘•‹‰ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘ƒ‡ 42 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

•—”‡ –Šƒ– ›‘— ƒ”‡ Šƒ’’› ˆ‘” ’‡‘’Ž‡ –‘ „‡ —•‹‰ ›‘—” ™‘” ‘•‹•–‡–™‹–Š–Š‡–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ‡˜‡‹ˆ›‘—Žƒ–‡”•–‘’ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‰›‘—”™‘”Ǥ ‘”•‘‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”•ƒ†Ȁ‘”Ž‹ ‡•‘”•ǡ–Š‹•‹•‘–ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ– ‹••—‡Ǥ ˆ ›‘— ƒ”‡ ƒ ƒƒ–‡—” ’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š‡”ǡ ƒ† ›‘—ǯ˜‡ Œ—•– –ƒ‡ƒ ‘‘Ž’‹ –—”‡‘ˆ–Ǥ —Œ‹ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ›„‡Ž‹––Ž‡”‹•–‘›‘—‹ˆ ›‘— †‡ ‹†‡ –‘ ƒ‡ ‹– ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ —†‡” ‘—” ˆ”‡‡•– Ž‹ ‡•‡ –Šƒ– ”‡•‡”˜‡•‘Ž›–Š‡”‹‰Š–‘ˆƒ––”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ—–‹ˆ›‘—ǯ”‡ƒ—•‹ ‹ƒ ™Š‘†‡’‡†•—’‘›‘—”—•‹ ˆ‘”›‘—”Ž‹˜‡Ž‹Š‘‘†ǡ›‘—•Š‘—Ž† –Š‹ ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ› „‡ˆ‘”‡ ‰‹˜‹‰ ƒ™ƒ› ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–• –‘ ›‘—” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ™‘”Ǥ ƒ› —•‹ ‹ƒ• Šƒ˜‡ †‹• ‘˜‡”‡† –Šƒ– ‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰ ™‘” ˆ‘” ‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ —•‡ ƒ „‡ “—‹–‡ ”‡™ƒ”†‹‰Ǥ —– ƒ›–Š‹‰ „‡›‘† –Šƒ– ”‡“—‹”‡• ƒ”‡ˆ—Ž ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‡ ƒŽŽ ƒ†‹”‡‰‡‡”‘—••‘—Ž•Ǥ—–‹ˆ›‘—™ƒ––‘„‡‰‡‡”‘—•ǡ™‡™ƒ– ›‘—–‘–Š‹ ƒ”‡ˆ—ŽŽ›ƒ„‘—–‹–„‡ˆ‘”‡›‘—ƒ”‡Ǥ

Ǥ      ‘— ‡‡† –‘ „‡ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ƒ„‘—– ‡šƒ –Ž› ™Šƒ– ›‘— ƒ”‡ Ǧ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ ™Š‡ ›‘— ƒ’’Ž› –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ –‘ ›‘—”™‘”Ǥ‡‰‹˜‡›‘—–Š‡‘’–‹‘‘ˆ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡ˆ‘”ƒ–‘ˆ –Š‡™‘”‹–Š‡‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒȋ–‡š–ǡƒ—†‹‘ǡ˜‹†‡‘ǡ‹ƒ‰‡ǡ‹–‡”ƒ –‹˜‡Ȍ ƒ† ›‘— •Š‘—Ž† —•‡ –Š‹•Ǥ Š‹• ‡ƒ„Ž‡• ‘”‡ ’”‡ ‹•‡ ƒ Š‹‡Ǧ ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡Žƒ‰—ƒ‰‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ›‘— •Š‘—Ž† ƒŽ•‘ –Š‹ ƒ„‘—– ‡šƒ –Ž› ™Š‹ Š ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ ›‘—” ™‘” ›‘— ƒ”‡ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǥ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‹ –Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ™‡„•‹–‡ǡƒ”‡›‘—Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Œ—•––Š‡–‡š–ƒ†‹ƒ‰‡•ǫ” ƒŽ•‘–Š‡•–›Ž‡•Š‡‡–•ƒ†–Š‡ ‘†‡–Šƒ–”—–Š‡•‹–‡ǫ‹‹Žƒ”Ž›ǡ‹ˆ ›‘— ƒ‡ ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡† —•‹  ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” †‘™Ž‘ƒ† ‘ ›‘—” •‹–‡ǡ †‘‡• –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ’’Ž› –‘ „‘–Š –Š‡ —•‹ ƒŽ ‘’‘•‹–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‡ •‘—† ”‡ ‘”†‹‰ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ƒ› ƒ”–™‘”ƒ†‰”ƒ’Š‹ •ƒ–›‘—”•‹–‡ǫ†”‡‡„‡”ǡƒ•†‹• —••‡† —†‡”Dzƒ‡•—”‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š–•dzƒ„‘˜‡ǡ›‘—‡‡†–‘ƒ‡ •—”‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š–•–‘‡ƒ Š‡Ž‡‡––Šƒ–›‘—Ž‹ ‡•‡—†‡” ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ƒ‡ ƒ ‘‡– –‘ –Š‹ ƒ„‘—– ‡šƒ –Ž› ™Šƒ– ›‘— ƒ”‡ ‹–‡†‹‰ –‘ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ”ƒ‡ ›‘—” ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ ƒ† Ž‡‰ƒŽ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 43

‘–‹ ‡ƒ ‘”†‹‰Ž›ǡ‡‰ǤDzŽŽ‹ƒ‰‡•ƒ––Š‹••‹–‡ƒ”‡Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡” ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ȏ‹•‡”–†‡• ”‹’–‹‘ȐʹǤͷŽ‹ ‡•‡Ǥdz

Ǥ    ǫ ǡ Ǧ ǫ ‘—‡‡†–‘ Š‡ ™‹–Š›‘—”•‘ ‹‡–›Ǥ—””‡–Ž›ǡƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–‹‡• ‹ —•–”ƒŽ‹ƒǡ ‹Žƒ†ǡ ”ƒ ‡ǡ ‡”ƒ›ǡ —š‡„‘—”‰ǡ ’ƒ‹ǡ ƒ‹™ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡–Š‡”Žƒ†• –ƒ‡ ƒ ƒ••‹‰‡–‘ˆ”‹‰Š–•ȋ‘”‹ ”ƒ ‡™Šƒ–‹• ƒŽŽ‡†ƒDzƒ†ƒ–‡dz‘ˆ ”‹‰Š–• –Šƒ– ‘‡–Š‡Ž‡•• Šƒ• –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ – ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽŽ› ƒ• ƒ ƒ••‹‰‡–Ȍ ˆ”‘ ›‘— ‹ ’”‡•‡– ƒ† ˆ—–—”‡ ™‘”• ȋ•‘ –Šƒ– –Š‡›‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ž›„‡ ‘‡–Š‡‘™‡”‘ˆ–Š‡•‡”‹‰Š–•Ȍƒ†ƒƒ‰‡ –Š‡ ˆ‘” ›‘—Ǥ ‘ ‹ˆ ›‘— ƒ”‡ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ƒ ‡„‡” ‘ˆ ƒ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–›‹‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘•ǡ›‘—ƒ›‘–„‡‡–‹–Ž‡†–‘ Ž‹ ‡•‡›‘—”™‘”›‘—”•‡Žˆ—†‡”ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡ „‡ ƒ—•‡ –Š‡ ‡ ‡••ƒ”› ”‹‰Š–• ƒ”‡ ‘– Š‡Ž† „› ›‘— „—– „› –Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–›ǤŽ‡ƒ•‡ƒŽ•‘”‡ƒ†–Š‡ ‘–Š‡™‡„•‹–‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘Œ‡ ––‡ƒˆ‘”›‘—”Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ˆ‘”‘”‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—––Š‹•‹••—‡‹›‘—”Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‹•”‡ƒ Š‹‰‘—––‘ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–‹‡•‹ –Š‘•‡ Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‹• ’”‘„Ž‡ ƒ”‹•‡• –‘ –”› –‘ ˆ‹† ƒ •‘Ž—–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‡ƒ„Ž‡• ”‡ƒ–‘”• ‘ˆ ‘–‡– –‘ ‡Œ‘› –Š‡ „‡‡ˆ‹–• „‘–Š•›•–‡•‘ˆˆ‡”Ǥ

3.HOWTOCHOOSETHEMOSTSUITABLELICENSE

Ǥ        ‹”•–‘ˆƒŽŽǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ–‘––‘„‡ˆ‘‘Ž‡†„›–Š‡‹†‡ƒ–Šƒ– –Š‡–‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ŠƒŽŽƒŽ•‘ ‘•–”ƒ‹–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”Ǥ –‹•ƒ ˆƒ‹”Ž› ™‹†‡•’”‡ƒ† ‹• ‘ ‡’–‹‘ –Šƒ– ƒ ƒ—–Š‘” ƒ’’Ž‹‡• ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡™‹–Š–Š‡’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘‘†‹ˆ›–Š‡™‘”ˆ‘”ˆ‡ƒ”‘ˆ„‡‹‰ —ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ‘†‹ˆ› ‹–Ǣ ‘” –Šƒ– Š‡ ƒ’’Ž‹‡• ƒ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›–‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡–Š‡™‘”„‡ ƒ—•‡‹–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Š‡ ‹–‡†•–‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡‹–Ǥ — Šƒƒ’’”‘ƒ Šƒ‡•Ž‹––Ž‡•‡•‡ƒ†”‡ˆŽ‡ –• ‘ˆ—•‹‘ ‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹ ˆ— –‹‘‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ‡–ǯ•‡‡’‹‹†–Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ˆ— –‹‘ ‘ˆ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ ‹• –‘ ‘—‹ ƒ–‡ –‘ 44 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Ž‹ ‡•‡‡• ™Š‹ Š —•‡• ƒ”‡ ‰”ƒ–‡† ˆ”‡‡Ž› ƒ† —†‡” ™Šƒ– ‘†‹–‹‘•ǤŠ‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”ǡƒ•–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”ǡƒŽ™ƒ›•Šƒ•–Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘ †‘ ™Šƒ– ‹• ‘– ’‡”‹––‡† „› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ –Š‡ ”‹–‡”‹‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡”–ƒ‹ –›’‡• ‘ˆ Žƒ—•‡• ‹• —•—ƒŽŽ› ”‡˜‡”•‡†ǣ ‹ˆ  Š‘‘•‡ –Š‡ –‡” Dz‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽdz‹–‹•’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›„‡ ƒ—•‡ ™ƒ––‘”‡•‡”˜‡–Š‡”‹‰Š– –‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ‹œ‡ –Š‡ ™‘” ˆ‘” ›•‡Žˆ ȋ‘” ’‘••‹„Ž› ˆ‘” ƒ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡” ‘” ƒ ƒ‰‡ › ™‹–Š ™Š‘  Šƒ˜‡ ‘–”ƒ –—ƒŽ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’•Ȍǡˆ‘”„‹††‹‰–Š‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘–‘‘–Š‡”•Ǥ Š‡•ƒ‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡•–‘–Š‡DzNo Derivativesdz Žƒ—•‡Ǥ

Ǥ          ”‘–Š‡’‘‹–‘ˆ˜‹‡™‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”ǡ™‡ ƒ•ƒ›–Šƒ–‹–‹• „‡•––‘ Š‘‘•‡–‘ƒ’’Ž›–Š‡‘•–”‡ ‡–ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ•‘–Šƒ– ›‘— ƒ–ƒ‡ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‡’”‘ ‡••‹‰‹’Ž‡‡–‡†„›–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•–‡ƒ‘ˆŽƒ™›‡”•Ǥ –ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•–Šƒ–‹–Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ‡™ ˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ ‹– ‹• ”‡ ‘‡†‡†–‘—’†ƒ–‡–Š‡‘–‹ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ ƒŽŽƒ†–Š‡Ž‹–‘ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ —– ™‡ ƒ‘– ‡š Ž—†‡ ƒ•‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ‘•‹†‡”• –Šƒ– ƒ ‘Ž†‡” ˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• „‡––‡” ƒ† Š‡ †‘‡• ‘– ™ƒ––‘—’†ƒ–‡–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡Ǥ

Ǥ         Š‡ Š‘‹ ‡‘ˆŒ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘‹•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–†‡Ž‹ ƒ–‡ƒ•’‡ –•ǡ •‹ ‡ ‹– ”‡“—‹”‡• •‘‡ ”—†‹‡–• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ™Ǥ ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ–Š‡Ž‡‰ƒŽƒ•’‡ –‹•ˆ—”–Š‡” ‘’Ž‹ ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡•‘ ‹ƒŽ ƒ† –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘‡Ǣ •‹ ‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• –‘‘Ž• ƒ”‡†‡•‹‰‡†’”‹ƒ”‹Ž›ˆ‘”–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ™‘”Ž†ǡ‹–‹•”‡ƒŽŽ›†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž– –‘ ‹” —• ”‹„‡–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘ƒ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘‹ ƒ†˜ƒ ‡Ǥ ‡–—•‡š’Žƒ‹„‡––‡”Ǥ ‹”•–Ž›ǡ™‡ ‘•‹†‡”–Šƒ––Š‡ ”‹–‡”‹‘ ˆ‘” Š‘‘•‹‰–Š‡‘•–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘‹•‘–•‘— Š ™Šƒ––Š‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘”‹•ǡ„—–”ƒ–Š‡”–Š‡ ‘–‡š–‹ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ ™‘” ™‹ŽŽ ’Žƒ› –Š‡ ƒ‹ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ Š‹• Ž‹ˆ‡Ǥ Š—•ǡ ‹ ƒ Š›’‘–Š‡–‹ ƒŽ ƒ•‡ǡ ‹ˆ ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ –ƒŽ‹ƒ ƒ—–Š‘” ™Š‘ ™”‹–‡• ƒ ‘˜‡Ž ‹ ”‡ Šǡ „—– –Š‡ ‘˜‡Ž ‹• ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› ‹–‡†‡† ˆ‘” –Š‡ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 45

‡Ž‰‹ƒƒ”‡–ǡ–Š‡–Š‡‡Ž‰‹ƒŒ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘™‹ŽŽ„‡–Š‡‘•– ‹†‹ ƒ–‡†‘‡ǤŠƒ–‹•–”—‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‹’”‹ ‹’Ž‡ǡ„—– ‘•‹†‡”–Šƒ– –Š‡ Š‘‹ ‡ ‘ˆ Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ ‹˜‘Ž˜‡• •‘‡ •‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ– Ž‡‰ƒŽ ‘•‡“—‡ ‡•ǣ‹ˆƒ –ǡ‹ƒ’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ‹–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—––Š‡—•‡‘ˆ –Š‡™‘”ǡ™‡—•–”‡ˆ‡”–‘–Š‡”—Ž‡•‘ˆ‡Ž‰‹—ǡƒ†‹•‘‡ ƒ•‡•„‡”‡ƒ†›–‘•–ƒ”–ƒ ‹˜‹Ž ƒ•‡„‡ˆ‘”‡ƒ‡Ž‰‹ƒ ‘—”–Ǥ – ‹• ˜‡”› †‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž– ‡˜‡ ˆ‘” ‡š’‡”–• –‘ ƒ‡ ƒ••‡••‡–•ǡ •‹ ‡‹–Š‡ —””‡–‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹œ‡†™‘”Ž†‘ˆ ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘•‘‘‡ ƒ ’”‡†‹ – ˆ‘” •—”‡ ‹ ™Šƒ– ‘–‡š– –Š‡ ™‘” ™‹ŽŽ ‹” —Žƒ–‡ ’”‡†‘‹ƒ–Ž›‹ƒ†ˆ‘”Š‘™Ž‘‰Ǥ Š‡•‡ – ‹†›‘— – ƒ”‡”ƒ–Š‡”–Š‡‘”‡–‹ ƒŽƒ†Š›’‘–Š‡–‹ ƒŽ ”‡ˆŽ‡ –‹‘•Ǣˆ‘”ƒ ‘””‡ –†‹ƒ‰‘•‹•‹–‹•‡ ‡••ƒ”›–‘ƒ••‡••‡ƒ Š •‹–—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘•– ƒ•‡•—•‹‰ƒDz—’‘”–‡†dzŽ‹ ‡•‡™”‹––‡ˆ‘” ƒ‹–‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽƒ—†‹‡ ‡‹•–Š‡‘•–”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ Š‘‹ ‡ǡƒ†‹• –Š‡ †‡ˆƒ—Ž– ‹ ƒ› •›•–‡• –Šƒ– —–‹Ž‹œ‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǥ

4.LEGALSUGGESTIONS ‡–ǯ••–ƒ”–™‹–Šƒ•‹’Ž‡„—–ˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽŽ‘‰‹ ƒŽƒ••—’–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹ Š ‹• ‘‡ –‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ƒ„‘—– –Š‡ —†‡”Ž›‹‰ ‡ Šƒ‹••‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ‹ ‡ˆ‘” ‡–—”‹‡•–Š‡”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡‘†‡Ž ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒƒ‰‡‡– ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– Šƒ• „‡‡ –Š‡ DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‘†‡Žǡ‹–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•–Šƒ–ƒ›™‘”‹™Š‹ Š™‡”—‹–‘ ”‡•’‘†• –‘ –Š‡ ‘†‡Ž ‘ˆ ˆ—ŽŽ ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ǡ ™Š‡–Š‡” ƒ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ™ƒ”‹‰‹••Š‘™‘”‘–Ǥ ‘–Š‡”™‘”†•ǡ‹ˆ•—”ˆ‹‰‘–Š‡™‡„ ™‡ˆ‹†ƒ’‹ –—”‡ǡ–‡š–ǡ—•‹ ƒ†™‡Šƒ˜‡‘ƒ••—”ƒ ‡–Šƒ– –Š‡”‹‰Š–•Š‘Ž†‡”Šƒ•ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡†–Š‡‹”ˆ”‡‡—•‡‹•‘‡™ƒ›ǡ™‡ —•–”‡ˆ”ƒ‹ˆ”‘ƒ›‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹‘”–Š‡”–‘’”‘–‡ –‘—”•‡Ž˜‡• ˆ”‘ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ‹Œ— –‹‘• ƒ† Ž‹–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ ˆ‘” ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‹ˆ”‹‰‡‡–Ǥ ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›ǡ‘˜‹‰–‘–Š‡’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‹‰Š–•Š‘Ž†‡”ǡ ‹ˆ ™‡ ƒŽŽ‘™ ‡”–ƒ‹ ˆ”‡‡ —•‡• ‘ˆ ‘—” ™‘” ™‡ •Š‘—Ž† ‡–‹‘ ‡š’Ž‹ ‹–Ž› ƒ† Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ǡ •‘ –Šƒ– ƒ› —•‡” ȋ‡˜‡ ”ƒ†‘Ȍ ‘ˆ ‘—” ™‘” ƒ—†‡”•–ƒ†‘—” Š‘‹ ‡ƒ† ƒ–ƒ‡ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ‹–Ǥ

 46 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Ǥ    Š‡–Š‡”™‘”•ƒ”‡‹†‹‰‹–ƒŽˆ‘”ƒ–ǡ‘”–Š‡›ƒ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡† ‘ ƒ ’Š›•‹ ƒŽ ‡†‹—ǡ –Š‡ ‘•– „ƒƒŽ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘•– ‹–—‹–‹˜‡ •‘Ž—–‹‘‹•–‘’—–ƒƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡‘–‹ ‡ƒ„‘—– ‘’›”‹‰Š–‹–Š‡ ™‘” ȋ‘” ‹‡š–”‹ ƒ„Ž› Ž‹‡†Ȍ –‘ •’‡ ‹ˆ› –Š‡ –Š”‡‡ ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ’‹‡ ‡•‘ˆ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǣ–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡”‹‰Š–•Š‘Ž†‡”ǡ–Š‡›‡ƒ”‘ˆ ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”ȋ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ–Š‡›‡ƒ”‹™Š‹ Š–Š‡”‹‰Š–•„‡‰ƒ –‘„‡‡š‡” ‹•‡†Ȍƒ†–Š‡–›’‡‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘–Š‡™‘”Ǥ  ‘””‡ –‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡ ‘—Ž†„‡ǣ  Copyright © Joseph Green 2011 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial – Share Alike 3.0 license. The text of the license is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0  ‡•Š‘—Ž†‘–ˆ‘”‰‡–ƒ›‘ˆ–Š‡•‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž•ƒ†‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡Ž‹ ‘””‡ –Ž› ƒ† ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›Ǥ  ‹ƒ —”ƒ–‡ †‹• Žƒ‹‡” ȋ‘” ƒ •‡ŽˆǦ ‘–”ƒ†‹ –‘”› ‘‡Ȍ ™‘—Ž† —†‡”‹‡ –Š‡ ˆ— –‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™‹–Šƒ›Ž‡‰ƒŽ˜ƒŽ—‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ™‡ ‘•‹†‡”–Šƒ–ǡ‹–Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡‹•‡”–‹‘‘ˆ  ‘†‡‹–‘™‡„ ’ƒ‰‡•ȋ•‡‡†‡–ƒ‹Ž•‹–Š‡‡š–•‡ –‹‘Ȍǡƒ†”ƒˆ–‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ”•ƒ––Š‡„‘––‘‘ˆ‘—”’ƒ‰‡Ǥ‘–Š‹‰’”‘Š‹„‹–•—•ˆ”‘ ‡”‹ Š‹‰ –Š‹• „”‹‡ˆ –‡š– ™‹–Š ‘”‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ˆ”‘ ‡„‡ŽŽ‹•Š‹‰‹–„›”‡’Žƒ ‹‰ ‡”–ƒ‹™‘”†•ǤŠƒ–ƒ––‡”•‹•–Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ –‹‘™‹–Š–Š‡Ž‹–‘–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡”‡ƒ‹•‹–ƒ –ƒ†–Š‡ ‡† ”‡•—Ž– ‹• Ž‡ƒ” ƒ† ‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š ™Šƒ– ‡‡†• –‘ „‡ ‡š’”‡••‡†Ǥ

Ǥ  Dz dz • ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ •‡‡ǡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• ’—– ƒ Ž‘– ‘ˆ ‡’Šƒ•‹• ‘ –Š‡ •‡ƒ–‹  ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ•ǡ –Šƒ– ‹• –Š‘•‡ •ƒŽŽ ‹ ‘• ƒ† „—––‘• ™‹–Š ™Š‹ Š –Š‡‹” ‡˜‘ ƒ–‹˜‡ ‰”ƒ’Š‹ •‹†‡–‹ˆ›–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ†‘–Š‡”˜ƒ”‹‘—•–‘‘Ž•‘ˆ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ  ƒ††‹–‹‘ –‘ –Š‘•‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ Žƒ—•‡•ǡ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 47

–Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ‰‡‡”‹  ‘‡ ȋƒ† ’‡”Šƒ’• –Š‡ ‘•– ‘‘ ‘‡Ȍ ™‹–Š–Š‡•›„‘Ž‘ˆ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•–Šƒ–‹•–Š‡†‘—„Ž‡ ‹” Ž‡† ǡƒ†–Š‡•‡–‡ ‡Dz•‘‡”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dzǤ

–Š‡”™‹•‡ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ– –‘ „‡ƒ” ‹ ‹† –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• –Šƒ– ’”‹ƒ”‹Ž› Šƒ˜‡ –Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ –‘ ‡„‡ŽŽ‹•Š ƒ† †‹••‡‹ƒ–‡ǡ•‘–Šƒ–—•‡”• ƒ—†‡”•–ƒ†ƒ†”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡‘”‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ž› Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ‹•–”—‡–• ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ Ž‘‰‘• ƒ† ˜‹•—ƒŽ• †‘ ‘– Šƒ˜‡ ƒ Ž‡‰ƒŽŽ›Ǧ•‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ– ˜ƒŽ—‡ ‹ –Š‡ •‡•‡ –Šƒ– ‘Ž› —•‹‰ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡˜‹•—ƒŽ•ƒ›‘–„‡•—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡––‘‡š’Žƒ‹–Š‡™‹ŽŽ‹‰‡••‘ˆ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‡‹ˆ–Š‡›ƒ”‡‘––‹‡†–‘ƒƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡†‹• Žƒ‹‡”‘” ȋ™Š‡’‘••‹„Ž‡Ȍ–‘ƒŽ‹–‘–Š‡–‡š–‘ˆ–Šƒ–Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‡–ǯ•Ž‘‘ƒ––Š‡’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡‘ˆƒ‰‡‡”‹ —•‡”‘ˆ‘—””‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡† ™‘”ǡ ™Š‘ǡ ™‹–Š‘—– ‘™‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ•– ™Šƒ–ƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡‹•ǡ‰‡–•ƒ‘”ƒ„‘‘–Šƒ– ‘Ž› •Š‘™• –Š‡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘” – ‡˜‡ ™‘”•‡ – –Š‡ ‰‡‡”‹  „—––‘ ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‘—„Ž‡  ‹” Ž‡† ƒ† –Š‡ ™‘”†•Dz•‘‡”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dzǤ‹–Š–Š‡•‡‰‡‡”ƒŽ†‹”‡ –‹‘•–Š‡ —•‡” ƒ‘– ‡ƒ•‹Ž› –”ƒ ‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ™‹ŽŽ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”ǡ ƒ† –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ –Š‡ ˆ— –‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™‹ŽŽ ‘– „‡ •—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡–Ǥ •–‡ƒ†ǡ–Š‡‹••—‡‹•†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ˆ™‡‘˜‡‹–Š‡†‹‰‹–ƒŽ ƒ†‘Ž‹‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǣ‹ˆ‹–‹•ƒ™‘”’—„Ž‹•Š‡†‘–Š‡‡„ǡƒ •‹’Ž‡ „—––‘ ƒ› „‡ •—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡– –‘ ‹ˆ‘” –Š‡ —•‡” ™Š‡ Ž‹ ‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ „—––‘ –Š‡ –‡š– ‘ˆ ƒ †‹• Žƒ‹‡” ‘” †‹”‡ –Ž› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǯ• –‡š– ȋ‡‹–Š‡” –Š‡ Dz ‘‘• †‡‡†dz ‘” DzŽ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡dzȌ ƒ’’‡ƒ”• Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ†‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›Ǥ Š‡ ‹••—‡ „‡ ‘‡• ‡˜‡ ‘”‡ †‡Ž‹ ƒ–‡ ‹ˆ ™‡ ƒ‡ •‘‡ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘•™Š‡‹– ‘‡•–‘–”ƒ†‡ƒ”Žƒ™ƒ†’”‘–‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ†‹•–‹ –‹˜‡•‹‰•Ǥ †‡‡†ǡƒ••–ƒ–‡†‘–Š‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ™‡„Ǧ’ƒ‰‡ˆ‘”–Š‡’‘Ž‹ ‹‡•ˆ‘” —•‹‰–Š‡–”ƒ†‡ƒ”•ǡǼ–Š‡†‘—„Ž‡‹ƒ ‹” Ž‡ǡ–Š‡™‘”†•ƒ† 48 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Ž‘‰‘–›’‡ Dz”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǡdz ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ „—––‘•ǡ ƒ† ƒ› ‘„‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡‰‘‹‰ǡ ™Š‡–Š‡” ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† ‹–‘ ƒ Žƒ”‰‡” ™Š‘Ž‡ ‘” •–ƒ†‹‰ ƒŽ‘‡ǡ ƒ”‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǯ –”ƒ†‡ƒ”•Ǥǽͳ͸Ǥ Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‹• –‘ Žƒ”‹ˆ› –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ „”ƒ†• ȋŽ‘‰‘•ǡ –”ƒ†‡ƒ”•ǡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ•Ȍ ƒ”‡ •—„Œ‡ – –‘ Ž‡‰ƒŽ ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ǡƒ†–Šƒ––Š‡”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”‹•–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ —•‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‘‘Ž• ‘ˆˆ‡”‡† „› ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ—•‡–Š‡ˆ”‡‡Ž›ǡ„—–‹•–”‹ – ‘’Ž‹ƒ ‡™‹–Š–Š‡ ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡•†‹ –ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡„‘†›Ǥ

 –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‘‰‘ǡ –Š‡ ƒˆ‘”‡‡–‹‘‡† ’ƒ‰‡ †‡†‹ ƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡• ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Šƒ– Ǽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‹–•–”ƒ†‡ƒ”‡†Ž‘‰‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‘–‡š– ‘ˆ ‹–• —„Ž‹  ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‹ ‡•‡ ƒ”• ȋ•Š‘™ ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›–‘–Š‡”‹‰Š–Ȍ‘–Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘–Šƒ–Ž‹ ‡•‡‡—•‡–Š‡ ƒ” •‘Ž‡Ž› –‘ ’‘‹– –‘ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘” ‘‘•†‡‡†‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘••‡”˜‡”‘”‘–Š‡”™‹•‡ —•‡•‹––‘†‡• ”‹„‡–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡–Šƒ–ƒ’’Ž‹‡•–‘ ƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”™‘”Ǣƒ†’”‘˜‹†‡†–Šƒ–ǡ–‘–Š‡‡š–‡––Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‡ ‹•—•‹‰–Š‡ƒ”‹ƒ‘Ž‹‡‡˜‹”‘‡–ǡŽ‹ ‡•‡‡†‘‡•‘– ƒŽ–‡”‘””‡‘˜‡–Š‡Š›’‡”Ž‹‡„‡††‡†‹•— ŠŽ‘‰‘ƒ•ƒ†‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‘”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•™‡„’ƒ‰‡ǽͳ͹Ǥ ‡•’‹–‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• •Š‘™ •‘‡ ˆŽ‡š‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† –‘Ž‡”ƒ ‡‹–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ‹–•Ž‘‰‘•ǡ™‡ƒŽ™ƒ›•Šƒ˜‡–‘‡‡’‹‹† –Šƒ–ƒ›—ƒ—–Š‘”‹œ‡†—•‡‘ˆƒƒ”ƒ›‡–ƒ‹Ž – ‹’”‹ ‹’Ž‡ – ƒŽ‡‰ƒŽ†‹•’—–‡Ǥ‘‹–‹•ƒŽ™ƒ›•ƒ†˜‹•ƒ„Ž‡–‘•–”‹ –Ž›ƒ†Š‡”‡–‘–Š‡ ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡• ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ ‘” ‘–Š‡” —•‡• ‘– ’”‘˜‹†‡† ‹ –Š‡’‘Ž‹ ‹‡•‹–‹•„‡––‡”–‘ ‘–ƒ ––Š‡’”‘Œ‡ –Ž‡ƒ†‡”•–‘‘„–ƒ‹ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒ—–Š‘”‹œƒ–‹‘Ǥ

ͳ͸ Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡•Ǥ ͳ͹ Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡•Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 49

5.THEGUIDEDPROCESSFORCHOOSINGALICENSE ‘” –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ Šƒ˜‡ ‘–›‡– ƒ “—‹”‡†•—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡– ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‹–› ™‹–Š –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ƒ ‹–‡”ƒ –‹˜‡’”‘ ‡••–‘ Š‘‘•‡ƒ†ƒ’’Ž›ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡™Š‹ Š‹•–Š‡ Ž‘•‡•– –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”ǯ• ‡‡†•ǣ ‹– ‹• ‹ –Š‡ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ ™‡„ •‹–‡ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ Š‘‘•‡ȀǤ ‡– —• ‘„•‡”˜‡ Š‘™ –Š‡ • ”‡‡Ǧ•Š‘– ƒ’’‡ƒ”• ƒ– –Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‰—‹†‹‰’”‘ ‡†—”‡ǣ

 50 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

 ‡••‡ ‡ǡ –‘ ƒ‡ –Š‹‰• •‹’Ž‡” ƒ† ‘”‡ ‹–—‹–‹˜‡ –Š‡ •‹–‡ ’”‡•‡–• •‘‡ “—‡•–‹‘• –‘ †‡†— ‡ ™Š‹ Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‹š ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•„‡•–•‡”˜‡•‘—”‡‡†•ƒ•Ž‹ ‡•‘”•Ǥ Š‡ˆ‹”•–“—‡•–‹‘‹•Dz‘›‘—ƒŽŽ‘™ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ—•‡•‘ˆ›‘—” ™‘”ǫdzƒ†–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–™‘’‘••‹„‹Ž‡ƒ•™‡”•ǣDz›‡•dz‘”Dz‘dzǤ Š‡•‡ ‘†“—‡•–‹‘‹•Dz‘›‘—ƒŽŽ‘™‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ›‘—” ™‘”ǫdzƒ†‘ˆˆ‡”•–Š”‡‡’‘••‹„Ž‡ƒ•™‡”•ǣDz›‡•dzǡDz‘dzƒ†Dz›‡•ǡ ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•‘–Š‡”••Šƒ”‡ƒŽ‹‡dzǤ —„•‡“—‡–Ž›ǡ–Š‡• ”‡‡’”‘˜‹†‡•–Š‡‘’–‹‘–‘ Š‘‘•‡–Š‡ Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘Ǥ  ”‘ŽŽ‹‰ †‘™ǡ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‘—–”‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ȋ’”‡ ‹•‡Ž›ǡ–Š‡ ‘—–”‹‡•™Š‡”‡–Š‡’‘”–‹‰‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡•Šƒ•„‡‡ ‘’Ž‡–‡†Ȍƒ’’‡ƒ”ǤŠ‡™‡ ƒ Š‘‘•‡–Š‡‘•–ƒ’’”‘’”‹ƒ–‡ Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ǡ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ”‹–‡”‹ƒ™‡Šƒ˜‡‡–‹‘‡†ƒ„‘˜‡Ǥ – ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ǡ Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘– –‘ ‹†‹ ƒ–‡ ƒ› ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ǡ Ž‡ƒ˜‹‰ Dz‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ„‘˜‡dz Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‡†Ǥ Š‹• ‹• •—‹–ƒ„Ž‡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ ‹ ƒ•‡• ™Š‡”‡ ‹– ‹• ‘–’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ‡ ‘„Œ‡ –‹˜‡ ƒ••‡••‡–• ƒ„‘—– ™Š‹ Š Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ ™‹ŽŽ „‡ ’”‡˜ƒŽ‡–ˆ‘”–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡‘ˆ‘—”™‘”ǡƒ†–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡™‡™‹ŽŽ—•‡ƒ Dz—’‘”–‡†dzŽ‹ ‡•‡Ǣ‹–™‹ŽŽ„‡—’–‘–Š‘•‡™Š‘™‹ŽŽƒƒŽ›œ‡–Š‡ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ƒ•‡ ȋŒ—†‰‡•ǡ Žƒ™›‡”•ǡ ‘•—Ž–ƒ–•Ȍ –‘ ‹†‡–‹ˆ› –Š‡ ‘””‡ –Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ƒ†ƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ„Ž‡Žƒ™Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ’ƒ”–ƒ‹‡†–‘‰ƒ–Š‡”•‘‡ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—––Š‡™‘”–Š”‘—‰Š•‘‡‘’‡ˆ‹‡Ž†•–Šƒ––Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ƒˆ‹ŽŽ‹‘”Ž‡ƒ˜‡„ŽƒǤ Š‡†ƒ–ƒ–Šƒ–Š‡†‡ ‹†‡•–‘‡–‡”™‹ŽŽŽƒ–‡”„‡‹ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ ‘•–‹–—–‹‰ –Š‡ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ‘†‡Ǣ ‘ˆ ‘—”•‡ǡ ‹ˆ ›‘—™ƒ––‘ƒ‡›‘—”™‘””‡ƒ†‹Ž›ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ƒ†”‡ ‘‰‹œƒ„Ž‡ ›‘—•Š‘—Ž†’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ•— Š‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ•’‘••‹„Ž‡Ǥ Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†•–‘„‡ˆ‹ŽŽ‡†‹”‡Žƒ–‡–‘ǣ Ȉ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” ȋƒ—†‹‘ǡ ˜‹†‡‘ǡ ‹ƒ‰‡ǡ –‡š–ǡ ‹–‡”ƒ –‹˜‡‘”‘–Š‡”™‹•‡ȌǢ Ȉ–Š‡–‹–Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Ȉ–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‘” ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”–Šƒ––Š‡—•‡”• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ™‘” •Š‘—Ž† •–ƒ–‡ ‹ ‘’Ž‹ƒ ‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘ ––”‹„—–‹‘ȋ’”‡•‡–‹ƒŽŽ–Š‡•‹šŽ‹ ‡•‡•ȌǢ Ȉ–Š‡ȋ–Š‡•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ™‡„ƒ††”‡••Ȍ–Šƒ–™‹ŽŽŽ‹–Š‘•‡™Š‘ —•‡‘””‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡–Š‡™‘”Ǣ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 51

Ȉ –Š‡ •‘—” ‡ ˆ”‘ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ ™‘” ‹• ‡š–”ƒ’‘Žƒ–‡† ȋ‹ –Š‡ ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ ™‘” –Šƒ– ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‘‡• ˆ”‘ ƒ‘–Š‡” ’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†‘‡ȌǢ Ȉ–Š‡‡šƒ –ƒ††”‡••‘ˆ–Š‡™‡„’ƒ‰‡™Š‡”‡–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‘” ƒ ’‘••‹„Ž› Žƒ‹–‘ƒŽŽ‘™‘–Š‡”—•‡•ǡ‹ƒ††‹–‹‘–‘–Š‘•‡ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ‰”ƒ–‡†„›–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ Š‘‹ ‡Ǥ  ‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ˆ‹ŽŽ‡†‹‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰–Šƒ–›‘—ƒ”‡‹–‡”‡•–‡†‹ǡ ›‘— ƒ Ž‹ ‘–Š‡Dz•‡Ž‡ –ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡dz„—––‘ƒ†›‘—™‹ŽŽ„‡ ˆ‘”™ƒ”†‡†–‘–Š‡’ƒ‰‡™Š‡”‡–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™Š‹ Š ‘””‡•’‘†•–‘ ›‘—”’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹•ǡ™‹–Š–Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰• ”‡‡Ǧ•Š‘–ǣ 

Š‡ ”‡“—‡•–‡† Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• ’”‡•‡– ‹ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ • ”‡‡Ǧ•Š‘–ƒ†Š‡”‡–Š‡”‡‹•‘‡‘”‡ Š‘‹ ‡–‘ƒ‡ǣ‹–‹•ƒ ’—”‡Ž›ƒ‡•–Š‡–‹  Š‘‹ ‡ǡ‹Ǥ‡Ǥ™Š‹ Š‘ˆ–Š‡–Š”‡‡–›’‡•‘ˆ„—––‘• ›‘—’”‡ˆ‡”–‘•Š‘™‘›‘—”™‡„’ƒ‰‡Ǥ ‡›‘—Šƒ˜‡ Š‡ ‡† –Š‡‘’–‹‘ǡ Ž‹ ‘Dzƒ– ŠŠ‘™–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™‹ŽŽ„‡dz–Š‡›‘— ƒ•‡‡–Š‡‘‘•‡‡†ƒ•‹–™‹ŽŽ„‡•‡‡„›–Š‡—•‡”•™Š‡ –Š‡›˜‹‡™›‘—”™‡„’ƒ‰‡Ǥ 52 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

 ‘‘‹‰ ƒ– –Š‡ ‘‘• ‡‡† ‘„–ƒ‹‡†ǡ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• ™Š‹ Š™‡†‹• —••‡†‹–Š‡•‡’ƒ‰‡• ƒ„‡ˆ‘—†ǣ–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™”‹––‡‹ˆ—ŽŽǡ–Š‡ ‘’Ž‡–‡˜‡”•‹‘ƒ†Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘ ȋƒŽ•‘Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‡†„›–Š‡ˆŽƒ‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•ƒ––Š‡–‘’ ”‹‰Š–Ȍǡ –Š‡ †‹˜‹•‹‘ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹ –™‘ ƒ‹ ’ƒ”–•ǣ –Š‡ ˆ‹”•– ’ƒ”– ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ˆ”‡‡†‘ ˆ‘” –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡‡Ǣ ƒ† –Š‡ •‡ ‘† ’ƒ”– ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ –Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘• •‡– „› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘” ™‹–Š •‘‡ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 53

ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ Žƒ”‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‹•‡”–‡†ƒ––Š‡‡†‘ˆ–Š‡–‡š–Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ™‡ˆ‹†–Š‡Ž‹–‘–Š‡‡‰ƒŽ‘†‡ˆ‘”‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ „˜‹‘—•Ž›ǡ‹ˆ›‘—™‡”‡ƒ„‘—––‘’—„Ž‹•Šƒ™‘”‘ƒ’Š›•‹ ƒŽ ‡†‹—ȋ•— Šƒ•ƒ„‘‘ǡƒ‘”ƒȌ‹•–‡ƒ†‘ˆ‘Ž‹‡ƒ† ›‘—™ƒ–‡†–‘—•‡–Š‡‘‘•‡‡†ƒ•›‘—”†‹• Žƒ‹‡”ǡ‹–‹• Š‹‰ŠŽ› ƒ†˜‹•ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ƒ†† ƒ •–ƒ–‡‡– ƒ– –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡š– •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ™‡„ ƒ††”‡•• –‘ ™Š‹ Š –Š‡ —•‡” ƒ ˆ‹† –Š‡ ‡‰ƒŽ ‘†‡Ǥ Š‹• ™ƒ›ǡ ‹ˆ ƒ —•‡” ‹• ‘– ƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ† Š‡ Šƒ† ƒ „‘‘ǡ ƒ  ‘” ƒ  ™‹–Š –Š‹• ‘‘• ‡‡† ‹•‡”–‡†ǡ Š‡ ™‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ”‡ƒ† ƒ† –‘ ƒ• ‡”–ƒ‹ –Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘• –Šƒ– ›‘— Šƒ˜‡ ’—– ‘ –Š‡ ™‘”ǡ „› ”‡ƒ†‹‰–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ–‡š–‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ

6.TECHNICALSUGGESTIONS ‡ Š‹ ƒŽ‹••—‡•”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡†‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ™‘”•—†‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ”‡ ‘’Ž‡‡–ƒ”› –‘ ‡ƒ Š ‘–Š‡” ƒ† ƒ ˜ƒ”› †‡’‡†‹‰ ‘ –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ˜‹‡™ ˆ”‘ ™Š‹ Š ™‡ ‘•‹†‡” –Š‡ǣ ‹ˆ ›‘— ƒ”‡ ƒ ™”‹–‡” ‘” ’”‘†— ‡”ǡ ‹– ‹• ‹ ›‘—” ‹–‡”‡•– –‘ ‡•—”‡ ’”‘’‡” ‡ˆ‘” ‡‡– ‘ˆ  Ž‹ ‡•‡• •‘ –Šƒ– –Š‘•‡Ž‘‘‹‰ˆ‘”™‘”•”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡†™‹–Šƒ ‡”–ƒ‹–›’‡‘ˆŽ‹ ‡•‡ ƒˆ‹†›‘—”™‘”‘”‡‡ƒ•‹Ž›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹ˆ™‡ƒ”‡‘–Š‡‘–Š‡” •‹†‡ȋ‹Ǥ‡Ǥǡ‘–Š‡•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡—•‡”™Š‘Ž‘‘•ˆ‘”™‘”•—†‡” Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ȍǡ ™‡ ƒ †‘ ‘—” ”‡•‡ƒ” Š ƒ† •‡Ž‡ –‹‘ „‡––‡” ‹ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‘”Šƒ•ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–‘–Š‡™‘”ǡ‘„•‡”˜‹‰ƒŽŽ–Š‡ ‡ ‡••ƒ”› –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ ’”‡ ƒ—–‹‘•Ǥ • ›‘— ƒ ‹ƒ‰‹‡ǡ –Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ƒ––”‹„—–ƒ„Ž‡ •‘Ž‡Ž› –‘ ™‘”• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‹ †‹‰‹–ƒŽ ˆ‘”ƒ– ƒ† †‹••‡‹ƒ–‡† –Š”‘—‰Š –Š‡ –‡”‡–Ǥ ‘ –Š‡› †‘ ‘– ”‡Žƒ–‡ •‘Ž‡Ž› –‘ ™‘”• ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ‘ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•—’’‘”–•Ǥ Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‡˜‡”ƒŽ™ƒ›•–‘’—„Ž‹•Šƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‡ˆ‹Ž‡•‘ˆ›‘—” ™‘” ‘Ž‹‡ǡ •‘‡ –Šƒ– ”‡“—‹”‡ ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹ ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”‹–› ƒ† ƒ™ƒ”‡‡•• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡– –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡ ‘–Š‡”• ™Š‹ Š ƒ”‡ •‹’Ž‡” ƒ† ‘”‡ ‹–—‹–‹˜‡Ǥ ‡ ‡–Ž›ǡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ†˜‡– ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‘Ǧ ƒŽŽ‡† Dz™‡„ʹǤͲdzǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•‡”˜‹ ‡•–Šƒ–‘ˆˆ‡”ƒ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡† •‡–‘ˆ Š‘‹ ‡•ȋ™‡„•’ƒ ‡–‘Š‘•––Š‡ˆ‹Ž‡ǡ‘”‡ƒ†˜ƒ ‡†–ƒ‰‰‹‰ ƒ† Ž‹ ‡•‹‰ ’”‘ ‡••‡•ǡ ‡– ȌǤ ‡ ƒ‘–ǡ ‘ˆ ‘—”•‡ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ 54 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‘’Ž‡–‡ ‘˜‡”˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ƒŽŽ –Š‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ •‡”˜‹ ‡• ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” —””‡–‘†‡‘ˆ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‡–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡Ž‹‹–‘—”†‹• —••‹‘–‘ •‘‡„ƒ•‹ ’”‹ ‹’Ž‡•–‘ Žƒ”‹ˆ›ƒ†ƒƒŽ›œ‡–Š‡‘•– ‘‘ •‡”˜‹ ‡•ǡ”‡ˆ‡””‹‰–‘‘–Š‡”•‘—” ‡•ˆ‘”ˆ—”–Š‡”†‹• —••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ †‹•–‹ –‹˜‡ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•Ǥ Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ Š‘‘•‹‰ ’”‘ ‡•• ™‡ Šƒ˜‡ †‹• —••‡† ƒ„‘˜‡ ‹• ‹–‡†‡†–‘’”‘˜‹†‡ƒ•‡–‘ˆ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒǡ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™‡ Š‘‘•‡Ǥ›‹•‡”–‹‰–Š‡•‡ ‘†‡Ž‹‡•‹–Š‡ •–”— –—”‡‘ˆ ‘—” ™‡„•‹–‡ǡ ™‡ ™‹ŽŽ •‡‡ –Š‡ —•—ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ ƒ† –Š‡ „—––‘ ™‹–Š ƒ Ž‹ –‘ –Š‡ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǯ• ‘‘• ‡‡† ƒ– –Š‡ „‘––‘‘ˆ–Š‡’ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ‹ˆ™‡ƒ••—‡™‡™‘—Ž†”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡ƒ‘˜‹‡Ž‹ ‡•‡† ™‹–Š ǡ ƒ†™‡ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› Šƒ˜‡ ‘—” ™‡„•‹–‡ǡ ™‡ Šƒ˜‡–‘ †‘–Š‡ ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰ǣ ”‡ƒ–‡ƒ•’‡ ‹ƒŽ™‡„’ƒ‰‡ǡ‹•‡”––Š‡˜‹†‡‘ˆ‹Ž‡ǡ†‹•’Žƒ› –Š‡’ƒ‰‡‹Dz ‘†‡‘†‡dzǡ ‘’›ȋ„›–Š‡ Žƒ••‹ Dz –”ŽǦ dz ‘ƒ†Ȍ –Š‡ Ž‹‡• ‘ˆ ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ ’”‘˜‹†‡† ƒ– –Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ –Š‡ Š‘‘•‹‰ ’”‘ ‡••ǡ’ƒ•–‡ȋ„›–Š‡ Žƒ••‹ Dz –”ŽǦ˜dz ‘ƒ†Ȍ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒƒ––Š‡ ‡† ‘ˆ ›‘—”  ’ƒ‰‡ǡ „‡ˆ‘”‡ DzδȀ „‘†›ε δȀ Š–ŽεdzǤ Š‹• ’”‘ ‡•• ‹• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ƒ •›•–‡ ‘™ ‹ –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ –‡”• ƒ• ‡•‘—” ‡ ‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ”ƒ‡™‘” ȋ Ȍ ͳͺƒ†‹–—‹ˆ‘”Ž› ™‘”•ˆ‘”ƒŽŽ‹†•‘ˆˆ‹Ž‡•„‡ ƒ—•‡‹–†‘‡•‘–†‹”‡ –Ž›‘’‡”ƒ–‡ ‘–Š‡ ‘†‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‹Ž‡ǡ„—–‘–Š‡™‡„’ƒ‰‡–Šƒ–Š‘•–•–Š‡ˆ‹Ž‡Ǥ   Ǥ       ǣ  ͳͻ – ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ”‡ ‘‡†‡† –Šƒ–›‘— †‹•’Žƒ› –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡™‘”‹–•‡Žˆǡ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›‹ˆ›‘—” ‘–‡–™‹ŽŽ„‡•Šƒ”‡†‘Ž‹‡

ͳͺ ǼŠ‡‡•‘—” ‡‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ”ƒ‡™‘”ȋ Ȍ‹•ƒˆƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ‘”Ž†‹†‡ ‡„‘•‘”–‹—ȋ͵Ȍ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘•‘”‹‰‹ƒŽŽ›†‡•‹‰‡†ƒ•ƒ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ †ƒ–ƒ‘†‡ŽǤ –Šƒ• ‘‡–‘„‡—•‡†ƒ•ƒ‰‡‡”ƒŽ‡–Š‘†ˆ‘” ‘ ‡’–—ƒŽ †‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ‘” ‘†‡Ž‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‹• ‹’Ž‡‡–‡† ‹ ™ ‡„ ”‡•‘—” ‡•ǡ—•‹‰ƒ˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ•›–ƒšˆ‘”ƒ–•ǤǽŠ‹•†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘‹•–ƒ‡ˆ”‘ Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ‡•‘—” ‡̴‡• ”‹’–‹‘̴ ”ƒ‡™‘”Ǥ ͳͻ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘ —‡– ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‹ƒ‰‡•Ȁ͸Ȁ͸ͳȀ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǧ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǧƒ†Ǧƒ”‹‰Ǧ›‘—”Ǧ ‘–‡–̴‡‰Ǥ’†ˆǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 55

‘” †‹•’Žƒ›‡† ‹ ƒ ’Š›•‹ ƒŽ ‡†‹—Ǥ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‘–‡– ™‹ŽŽŠƒ˜‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•ǡ„—–›‘—”ƒ”‡”•Š‘—Ž† ‘–ƒ‹ǣ  1. The full URL (link) to the license. Example: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/ 2. Optionally, the Creative Commons license icons, including the CC logo.   ‹ ‘• ƒ› „‡ †‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ”‡•• ‹– ’ƒ‰‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁƒ„‘—–Ȁ†‘™Ž‘ƒ†•Ǥ ƒ”‡”• ƒ† ˜‹†‡‘ „—’‡”• ƒ”‡ ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡‘ –Š‡  ™‹‹ǡ „—– ›‘— ƒ ƒŽ•‘ ƒ‡›‘—”‘™Ǥ ‘—ƒ›ƒŽ•‘™ƒ––‘‹ Ž—†‡ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡•–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍ ƒ† †ƒ–‡ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ’Š”ƒ•‡ Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ƒ› „‡ —•‡† –‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‡ˆƒ—Ž– DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡Ǥ ‹ ‡ ‡ƒ Š  Ž‹ ‡•‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–• ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‡– ‘ˆ ’‡”‹••‹‘•ƒ†”‡•–”‹ –‹‘•ǡ‹–‹•‹’‘”–ƒ––‘‘–‡–Š‡•’‡ ‹ˆ‹  Ž‹ ‡•‡—•‡†Ǥ ‹•’Žƒ›‹‰ ‘Ž› –Š‡  ‹ ‘ǡ Dz”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•dzǡ ‘” Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz‹•‹•—ˆˆ‹ ‹‡–ǡƒŽ™ƒ›•‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽǤ  ‘”†‡” ˆ‘” ‘–Š‡”• –‘ ”‡†‹– ›‘— ˆ‘” ›‘—” ™‘”ǡ ‹– ‹• ’”‡ˆ‡”ƒ„Ž‡–‘’”‘˜‹†‡ƒƒ––”‹„—–‹‘ƒ‡ƒ†Ǥ ˆ›‘—”™‘” ‹• ƒ †‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘” ”‡‹šǡ ›‘— —•– ƒŽ•‘ ’”‘’‡”Ž› ƒ––”‹„—–‡ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒ–‘”ȋ•ȌǤ Ž‡••–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‘”ȋ•ȌŠƒ••’‡ ‹ˆ‹‡†‘–Š‡”™‹•‡ǡ†‹•’Žƒ›‹‰Š‹• ƒ‡ȋ•Ȍƒ†ƒȋ‹ˆƒ’’Ž‹ ƒ„Ž‡Ȍ‹•ƒ†‡“—ƒ–‡ƒ––”‹„—–‹‘Ǥ

Ǥ      ʹͲ TextǦbased documents•Š‘—Ž† ‘–ƒ‹ƒƒ”‡”–ƒ ‰”ƒ’Š‹ ‘”Ž‹‡‘ˆ–‡š–•–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–™Š‡”‡˜‡”ƒ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ ™‘—Ž† ‰‘ǡ •— Š ƒ• ‹ ƒ ˆ‘‘–‡” ‘” ‘ ƒ ‘˜‡” ’ƒ‰‡Ǥ ‘” †‘ —‡–• ‘–ƒ‹‹‰ ‹ƒ‰‡•ǡ ƒ”‡”• •Š‘—Ž† ‹†‡ƒŽŽ› ‹ Ž—†‡

ʹͲ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘ —‡– ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‹ƒ‰‡•Ȁ͸Ȁ͸ͳȀ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǧ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǧƒ†Ǧƒ”‹‰Ǧ›‘—”Ǧ ‘–‡–̴‡‰Ǥ’†ˆǤ 56 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

–Š‡  ‹ ‘• ƒ† –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ  –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‘” ’Žƒ‹ –‡š– †‘ —‡–•ǡ–Š‡‹ ‘•ƒ›„‡”‡’Žƒ ‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•––”‹„—–‹‘Ǧ‘ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽȌ‘” –Š‡ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ȋ‡Ǥ‰ǤǦȌǤ „‘–Š ƒ•‡•–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ–‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ‹ Ž—†‡†Ǥ  ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ •–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍǡ†ƒ–‡ǡƒ† ‘’›”‹‰Š–•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘„‡‹ Ž—†‡†Ǥʹͳ ‘” imagesǡƒƒ”‡”–ƒ‰”ƒ’Š‹ ‘”Ž‹‡‘ˆ–‡š–•–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡–•Š‘—Ž†„‡†‹•’Žƒ›‡†‘‘”‡ƒ”–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ ƒ”‡”••Š‘—Ž†‹†‡ƒŽŽ›‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡‹ ‘•ƒ†–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‘” ’Žƒ‹ –‡š– ƒ’–‹‘•ǡ –Š‡  ‹ ‘• ƒ› „‡ ”‡’Žƒ ‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• ––”‹„—–‹‘Ȍ‘”–Š‡ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘ȋ‡Ǥ‰ǤȌǤ „‘–Š ƒ•‡•–Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ  –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ‹ Ž—†‡†Ǥ  ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ •–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍǡ †ƒ–‡ǡ ƒ† ‘’›”‹‰Š– •Š‘—Ž† ƒŽ•‘ „‡ ‹ Ž—†‡†Ǥʹʹ Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒ˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ™ƒ›•–‘ƒ”audioǤ‡‘’–‹‘‹•ƒ ƒ—†‹‘„—’‡”Ȃƒ„”‹‡ˆ•‘—† Ž‹’ƒ––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰‘”‡†‘ˆ ›‘—”ƒ—†‹‘™‘”–Šƒ–•–ƒ–‡•–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍƒ†Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ˆ›‘— ”‡ ‘”†›‘—”‘™ƒ—†‹‘„—’‡”ǡ„‡•—”‡–‘‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ –‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ†Ȁ‘” –Š‡ ˆ—ŽŽ ƒ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ȋ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ˜‡”•‹‘—„‡”ȌǤ ‘’›”‹‰Š–‘–‹ ‡•–ƒ–‹‰–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍǡ†ƒ–‡ǡ ƒ† ‘’›”‹‰Š–•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘„‡‹ Ž—†‡†Ǥʹ͵

Example Script: Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under [license]. © 2007, [author]. Some Rights Reserved.

ʹͳ ƒ’Ž‡ ƒ”‡”• ƒ› „‡ †‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ̴ƒ”‡”•Ǥ ʹʹ ƒ’Ž‡ ƒ”‡”• ƒ› „‡ †‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ̴ƒ”‡”•Ǥ ʹ͵ ƒ’Ž‡ „—’‡”• ƒ› „‡ †‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ•‡”̴•—„‹––‡†̴„—’‡”•Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 57

‘–Š‡”™ƒ›–‘ƒ”ƒ—†‹‘‹•™‹–Šƒƒ”‡”Ȃƒ‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‘” Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ –‡š– •–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ Ȃ ‡š– –‘ –Š‡ ˆ‹Ž‡ ȋ‘ ƒ ™‡„’ƒ‰‡Ȍ‘”‹–Š‡Ž‹‡”‘–‡•ȋˆ‘”’Š›•‹ ƒŽ‡†‹ƒȌǤ ‘”‘”‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—–ƒ”‡”•ǡ•‡‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ‰‡ƒ„‘˜‡Ǥ Video•Š‘—Ž† ‘–ƒ‹ƒ˜‹†‡‘„—’‡”–ƒ‘–‹ ‡ƒ––Š‡ „‡‰‹‹‰‘”‡†‘ˆ›‘—”˜‹†‡‘–Šƒ–•–ƒ–‡•–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍƒ† Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ˆ›‘—ƒ‡›‘—”‘™˜‹†‡‘„—’‡”ǡ„‡•—”‡–‘‹ Ž—†‡ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‹ ‘•ȋ‹ Ž—†‹‰–Š‡Ž‘‰‘Ȍƒ†–Š‡ˆ—ŽŽ–‘ –Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡ǤŠ‡‹ ‘•ƒ›„‡”‡’Žƒ ‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘” –Š‡ ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘–‹ ‡ •–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”ȋ•Ȍǡ†ƒ–‡ǡƒ† ‘’›”‹‰Š–•Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘„‡‹ Ž—†‡†ǤʹͶ ‘–Š‡”™ƒ›–‘ƒ”˜‹†‡‘‹•™‹–Šƒƒ”‡”Ȃƒ‰”ƒ’Š‹  ‘” Ž‹‡ ‘ˆ –‡š– •–ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ Ȃ ‡š– –‘ –Š‡ ˆ‹Ž‡ ȋ‘ ƒ ™‡„’ƒ‰‡Ȍ‘”‹–Š‡Ž‹‡”‘–‡•ȋˆ‘”’Š›•‹ ƒŽ‡†‹ƒȌǤ ‘”‘”‡ ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—–ƒ”‡”•ǡ•‡‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ‰‡ƒ„‘˜‡Ǥ  Ǥ              ʹͷ ‘ ‹ƒŽ ‡–™‘”‹‰ •‹–‡• Ž‹‡ ‘——„‡ǡ Ž‹ ” ƒ† ›’ƒ ‡ ƒ”‡ ƒ ’‘’—Žƒ” ‘’–‹‘ ˆ‘” ’—„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‰ ‘–‡–Ǥ ‘‡ •‹–‡• Ž‹‡ Ž‹ ” ȋ’Š‘–‘ •Šƒ”‹‰Ȍǡ ‹š–‡” ȋ ‘—‹–› —•‹ ƒ†”‡‹šȌǡƒ† ”‹„†ȋ†‘ —‡–•Šƒ”‹‰ȌƒŽŽ‘™›‘—–‘ •‡Ž‡ –ƒŽ‹ ‡•‡ˆ‘”›‘—”™‘”ˆ”‘™‹–Š‹–Š‡™‡„•‹–‡‹–•‡ŽˆǤ ‘” •‹–‡• Žƒ ‹‰ –Š‹• ˆ— –‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ™‡ ”‡ ‘‡† —––‹‰ ƒ† ’ƒ•–‹‰ –Š‡  ‘†‡ ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† „› ‘—” Ž‹ ‡•‡ Š‘‘•‡” ȋŠ––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀŽ‹ ‡•‡ȀȌ ‹–‘ –Š‡ †‡• ”‹’–‹‘ ˆ‹‡Ž†•‘–Šƒ–—•‡”•‘™–Šƒ–›‘—”™‘”‹•Ž‹ ‡•‡†Ǥ ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡”‡ ‹• ƒŽ™ƒ›• –Š‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–› –‘ —•‡ ˆ‹Ž‡Ǧ•Šƒ”‹‰ ’”‘‰”ƒ••— Šƒ•—Ž‡ǡ‘”’Š‡—•ǡ‡ƒ”Šƒ”‡ǡ™‹–Š™Š‹ Š™‡ •Šƒ”‡‘–Š‡”–›’‡•‘ˆˆ‹Ž‡•ǤŠ—•ǡ™‡ ƒ•’”‡ƒ†‘—”™‘”•ƒŽ•‘ ’—––‹‰–Š‡•‡ˆ‹Ž‡•‹–Š‡•Šƒ”‹‰ˆ‘Ž†‡”‘ˆ‘—”•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡Ǣ–Š‹•™ƒ›

ʹͶ ƒ’Ž‡ „—’‡”• ƒ› „‡ †‘™Ž‘ƒ†‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ•‡”̴•—„‹––‡†̴„—’‡”•Ǥ ʹͷ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‹• ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ› –ƒ‡ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ †‘ —‡– ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‹ƒ‰‡•Ȁ͸Ȁ͸ͳȀ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǧ Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǧƒ†Ǧƒ”‹‰Ǧ›‘—”Ǧ ‘–‡–̴‡‰Ǥ’†ˆǤ 58 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

–Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ ‘‡ –‡† –‘ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ’‡‡”Ǧ–‘Ǧ’‡‡” ‡–™‘” ™‹ŽŽ •‡‡ ‘—” ˆ‹Ž‡•Ǥ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ˜‡ ƒ •‡ƒ” Š ‘’–‹‘ –‘ •‡ƒ” Š ˆ‹Ž‡• ‘–ƒ‹‹‰   ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒǤʹ͸ ˆ ™‡ ™ƒ– –‘ ƒ‡ ‹– ‡˜‡ ‘”‡ ˜‹•‹„Ž‡ –‘ —•‡”• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ™‘” ‹• Ž‹ ‡•‡† —†‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǡ™‡ ƒƒŽ•‘™”‹–‡‹–‹–Š‡ƒ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ˆ‹Ž‡ǡ ’‘••‹„Ž›—•‹‰–Š‡‘•– ‘‘ƒ„„”‡˜‹ƒ–‹‘•ȋ‡‰Dz„›Ǧ Ǧ •ƒdz –‘ ”‡’‘”– ƒ ™‘” Ž‹ ‡•‡† —†‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ––”‹„—–‹‘Ȃ‘‘‡” ‹ƒŽȂShare AlikeȌǤ  Ǥ      ˆ ™‡ Ž‹  Dzˆ‹†dz ‘ –Š‡ Š‘‡’ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ™™™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ǡ ™‡ ƒ”‡ ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž› ”‡†‹”‡ –‡† –‘ –Š‡ ™‡„Ǧ’ƒ‰‡ Š––’ǣȀȀ•‡ƒ” ŠǤ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ǥ ‡”‡ ‹• ƒ ’ƒ‰‡ ”‡ƒ–‡† „› ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• –‘ ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ •‡ƒ” Š‹‰ ˆ‘” ™‘”•”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡†—†‡”Ǥ –Š‡•‡ƒ” Šˆ‹‡Ž†›‘— ƒ‡–‡”‘‡ ‘”‘”‡‡›™‘”†•ƒ†‡˜‡•’‡ ‹ˆ›™Šƒ–›‘—™ƒ––‘†‘™‹–Š –Š‡™‘”ǡ‘Ž›„› Š‡ ‹‰–Š‡–™‘‘’–‹‘•‘–Š‡”‹‰Š–ǣͳȌDz  ™ƒ–•‘‡–Š‹‰–Šƒ–  ƒ—•‡ˆ‘” ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡•dzǢʹȌDz  ™ƒ–•‘‡–Š‹‰–Šƒ–  ƒ‘†‹ˆ›ǡƒ†ƒ’–ǡ‘”„—‹Ž†—’‘dzǤ  •‡ƒ” Š ‹‹–‹ƒ–‡† ˜‹ƒ –Š‹• ’ƒ‰‡ ™‹ŽŽ —•‡ ‘‘‰Ž‡ ‘” ‘–Š‡” •‡ƒ” Š‡‰‹‡•–Šƒ– ƒ ‘†— –ƒ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹ •‡ƒ” Š‘ ‘–‡–• ™‹–Š”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ 

ʹ͸ ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ‹•ƒ Š‹‡Ǧ”‡ƒ†ƒ„Ž‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‡„‡††‡†™‹–Š‹ƒ†‹‰‹–ƒŽ ˆ‹Ž‡Ǥ ”‘’‡”Ž›ˆ‘”ƒ––‡†‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ ƒ ‘—‹ ƒ–‡Ž‹ ‡•‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘–‘ ›‘—” ‘’—–‡”ǡ͵’Žƒ›‡”ǡ‡„‘‘”‡ƒ†‡”ǡ‡– Ǥ‘‡ˆ‘”ƒ–•ȋ•— Šƒ•͵ ƒ† Ȍ•—’’‘”–Ž‹ ‡•‡‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒ„‡––‡”–Šƒ‘–Š‡”•Ǥ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• •—’’‘”–• –Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ  ˆ‘” ‡„‡††‹‰ ƒ† ”‡–”‹‡˜‹‰ •–ƒ†ƒ”†‹œ‡†ǡ ‡†‹ƒ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ‡–ƒ†ƒ–ƒǤ ‘”‡ –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ †‡–ƒ‹Ž• ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȀǤ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 59

 ‹ƒŽŽ›ǡ ™‡ ƒ Ž‘‘ ˆ‘” ƒ ‘”‡ ‹‡†‹ƒ–‡ ™ƒ› –Š”‘—‰Š •‘‡ ˜‡”•‹‘• ‘ˆ ‘œ‹ŽŽƒ ‹”‡ˆ‘šǡ ™Š‹ Š ‹ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‡ ƒ •ƒŽŽ •‡ƒ” Šˆ‹‡Ž†‹–Š‡–‘’”‹‰Š–ǡ‡š––‘–Š‡™‡„ƒ††”‡••ǤŽ‹ ‹‰‘ –Š‡†”‘’†‘™ȋ™Š‹ Šƒ•–Š‡†‡ˆƒ—Ž–‘’–‹‘—•—ƒŽŽ›‰‹˜‡•–Š‡Dz dz ‹ ‘‘‰Ž‡Ȍ –Š‡”‡ ‹• –Š‡ •›„‘Ž ™‹–Š –Š‡ †‘—„Ž‡  ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ



   

        APPENDIXI THECOMMONSDEEDS OFTHELICENSES (release3.0,unportedversion) 62 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

taken from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 63

taken from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0

64 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

taken from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 65

taken from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0

66 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

taken from http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 67

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 APPENDIXII THEPAGEABOUTCREATIVECOMMONS ONWIKIPEDIA27

ʹ͹ Š‹• ƒ’’‡†‹š ‹• ƒ ‘†‹ˆ‹‡† ˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡š– ™‡ ˆ‘—† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡̴‘‘•‘—‰—•–ͳ͵ǡʹͲͳͲǤ 70 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ȋȌ ‹• ƒ ‘Ǧ’”‘ˆ‹– ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ Š‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”‡† ‹ ‘—–ƒ‹ ‹‡™ǡ ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‹ƒǡ ‹–‡† –ƒ–‡• †‡˜‘–‡†–‘‡š’ƒ†‹‰–Š‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘” ‘–Š‡”•–‘„—‹Ž†—’‘Ž‡‰ƒŽŽ›ƒ†–‘•Šƒ”‡ǤŠ‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘Šƒ• ”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡† •‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡• ‘™ ƒ• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•ˆ”‡‡‘ˆ Šƒ”‰‡–‘–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǤŠ‡•‡Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒŽŽ‘™ ”‡ƒ–‘”•–‘ ‘—‹ ƒ–‡™Š‹ Š”‹‰Š–•–Š‡›”‡•‡”˜‡ǡƒ† ™Š‹ Š”‹‰Š–•–Š‡›™ƒ‹˜‡ˆ‘”–Š‡„‡‡ˆ‹–‘ˆ”‡ ‹’‹‡–•‘”‘–Š‡” ”‡ƒ–‘”•Ǥ‡ƒ•›–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†‘‡Ǧ’ƒ‰‡‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘‘ˆ”‹‰Š–•ǡ ™‹–Š ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡† ˜‹•—ƒŽ •›„‘Ž•ǡ ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Š‡ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹ • ‘ˆ ‡ƒ Š ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ Š‹• •‹’Ž‹ ‹–› †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡• ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ˆ”‘ ƒ ƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡† ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ™ƒ• ‹˜‡–‡† –‘ ”‡ƒ–‡ ƒ ‘”‡ ˆŽ‡š‹„Ž‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ‘†‡Žǡ ”‡’Žƒ ‹‰ DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ™‹–Š Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dzǤ ‹‹’‡†‹ƒ ‹• ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘–ƒ„Ž‡ ™‡„Ǧ„ƒ•‡† ’”‘Œ‡ –•—•‹‰‘‡‘ˆ‹–•Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘™ƒ•ˆ‘—†‡†‹ʹͲͲͳ„›ƒ””›‡••‹‰ǡ ƒŽ „‡Ž•‘ ƒ† ”‹  Ž†”‡† ™‹–Š •—’’‘”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡–‡” ˆ‘” –Š‡ —„Ž‹ ‘ƒ‹ǤŠ‡ˆ‹”•–•‡–‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ž‹ ‡•‡•™‡”‡”‡Ž‡ƒ•‡† ‹ ‡ ‡„‡” ʹͲͲʹǤ  ʹͲͲͺǡ –Š‡”‡ ™‡”‡ ƒ ‡•–‹ƒ–‡† ͳ͵Ͳ ‹ŽŽ‹‘ ™‘”• Ž‹ ‡•‡† —†‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•‹•‰‘˜‡”‡†„›ƒ„‘ƒ”†‘ˆ†‹”‡ –‘”•ƒ†ƒ–‡ Š‹ ƒŽ ƒ†˜‹•‘”›„‘ƒ”†Ǥ•–Š‡”‘Œ ‹ ‹ǡŒ‘—”ƒŽ‹•–‡ƒ Š‡”ˆ”‘ƒŽ‘ Ž–‘ǡǡ‹• —””‡–Ž›–Š‡ Šƒ‹”‘ˆ–Š‡„‘ƒ”†Ǥ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• Šƒ•„‡‡‡„”ƒ ‡†„›ƒ›ƒ•ƒ™ƒ›ˆ‘” ‘–‡– ”‡ƒ–‘”•–‘ –ƒ‡ ‘–”‘Ž ‘ˆ Š‘™ –Š‡› Š‘‘•‡ –‘ •Šƒ”‡ –Š‡‹” ‹–‡ŽŽ‡ –—ƒŽ ’”‘’‡”–›Ǥ Š‡”‡ Šƒ• ƒŽ•‘ „‡‡ ”‹–‹ ‹• –Šƒ– ‹– †‘‡•ǯ– ‰‘ ˆƒ” ‡‘—‰ŠǤ

AIMANDINFLUENCE ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• „‡‡ †‡• ”‹„‡† ƒ• „‡‹‰ ƒ– –Š‡ ˆ‘”‡ˆ”‘–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘’›Ž‡ˆ–‘˜‡‡–ǡ™Š‹ Š•‡‡•–‘•—’’‘”––Š‡ „—‹Ž†‹‰‘ˆƒ”‹ Š‡”’—„Ž‹ †‘ƒ‹„›’”‘˜‹†‹‰ƒƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡–‘ –Š‡ ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹  DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǡ †—„„‡† Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†Ǥdz ƒ˜‹† ‡””› ƒ† ‹Ž‡• ‘•• Šƒ˜‡ ”‡†‹–‡† ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ™‹–Š ‰‡‡”ƒ–‹‰ ‹–‡”‡•– ‹ –Š‡ ‹••—‡ ‘ˆ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 71

‹–‡ŽŽ‡ –—ƒŽ’”‘’‡”–›ƒ† ‘–”‹„—–‹‰–‘–Š‡”‡Ǧ–Š‹‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‘Ž‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Dz ‘‘•dz ‹ –Š‡ Dz‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ‰‡dzǤ ‡›‘† –Šƒ–ǡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Šƒ• ’”‘˜‹†‡† Dz‹•–‹–—–‹‘ƒŽǡ ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ ƒ† Ž‡‰ƒŽ•—’’‘”–ˆ‘”‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ƒ†‰”‘—’•™‹•Š‹‰–‘‡š’‡”‹‡– ƒ† ‘—‹ ƒ–‡™‹–Š —Ž–—”‡‘”‡ˆ”‡‡Ž›Ǥdz ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•™‘”•–‘ ‘—–‡”™Šƒ––Š‡‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ ‘•‹†‡”• –‘ „‡ ƒ †‘‹ƒ– ƒ† ‹ ”‡ƒ•‹‰Ž› ”‡•–”‹ –‹˜‡ ’‡”‹••‹‘ —Ž–—”‡Ǥ  ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ‡••‹‰ǡ ˆ‘—†‡” ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǡ ‹– ‹• Dzƒ —Ž–—”‡ ‹ ™Š‹ Š ”‡ƒ–‘”• ‰‡– –‘ ”‡ƒ–‡‘Ž›™‹–Š–Š‡’‡”‹••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡’‘™‡”ˆ—Žǡ‘”‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‘”• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ’ƒ•–dzǤ ‡••‹‰ ƒ‹–ƒ‹• –Šƒ– ‘†‡” —Ž–—”‡ ‹• †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘–‡– †‹•–”‹„—–‘”• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ƒ‹–ƒ‹ƒ†•–”‡‰–Š‡–Š‡‹”‘‘’‘Ž‹‡•‘ —Ž–—”ƒŽ’”‘†— –• •— Š ƒ• ’‘’—Žƒ” —•‹  ƒ† ’‘’—Žƒ” ‹‡ƒǡ ƒ† –Šƒ– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ’”‘˜‹†‡ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡•–‘–Š‡•‡”‡•–”‹ –‹‘•Ǥ

GOVERNANCE Š‡ —””‡–  ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‹• ƒ–Š‡”‹‡ ƒ••‡”Ž›Ǥ‹‡‹•˜ƒ›‡”‹•‹ ‡”‡•‹†‡–ƒ†‹ƒ‡‡–‡”•‹• –Š‡ ‡‡”ƒŽ‘—•‡ŽǤ

 Š‡ —””‡–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘ƒ”†‹ Ž—†‡ǣ ƒŽ„‡Ž•‘ǡ Ž‡ –‹• ”‘™ǡ ‹ Šƒ‡Ž Ǥ ƒ””‘ŽŽǡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒ ƒ‡ǡ ƒ˜‹• —‰‰‡Š‡‹ǡ ‘‹ –‘ǡ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ‡••‹‰ǡ ƒ—”‹‡ ƒ ‹‡ǡ ”‹  ƒŽ–œƒǡ ‘ŽŽ› Šƒˆˆ‡” ƒ ‘—™‡Ž‹‰ǡ ‹› ƒŽ‡•ǡ ƒ† •–Š‡”‘Œ ‹ ‹ȋŠƒ‹”ȌǤ

    Š‡ ‡ Š‹ ƒŽ †˜‹•‘”› ‘ƒ”† ‹ Ž—†‡• ˆ‹˜‡ ‡„‡”•ǣ ƒŽ „‡Ž•‘ǡ‡†‹†ƒǡƒ”„ƒ”ƒ ‘šǡ‘ ‘˜‡”ƒ†”‹ ‹ŽŽ‡”Ǥ ƒŽ„‡Ž•‘ƒŽ•‘•‡”˜‡•‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘ƒ”†Ǥ

AUDIT COMMITTEE ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ• ƒ —†‹– ‘‹––‡‡ǡ ™‹–Š –™‘ ‡„‡”•ǣ‘ŽŽ›Šƒˆˆ‡”ƒ ‘—™‡Ž‹‰ƒ†ƒ™”‡ ‡‡••‹‰Ǥ ‘–Š•‡”˜‡‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘ƒ”†Ǥ 72 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

TYPESOFCREATIVECOMMONSLICENSES Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‹šƒŒ‘”Ž‹ ‡•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǣ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ȋǦȌ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ – Šƒ”‡Ž‹‡ȋǦǦȌ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ – No DerivativesȋǦǦȌ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ – ‘‘‡” ‹ƒŽȋǦǦȌ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ – ‘‘‡” ‹ƒŽ – Šƒ”‡Ž‹‡ȋǦǦ ǦȌ x ––”‹„—–‹‘ – ‘‘‡” ‹ƒŽ – No DerivativesȋǦ ǦǦȌ Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ˆ‘—”ƒŒ‘” ‘†‹–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǣ ––”‹„—–‹‘ ȋȌǡ ”‡“—‹”‹‰ ƒ––”‹„—–‹‘ –‘ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ƒ—–Š‘”Ǣ Šƒ”‡Ž‹‡ȋȌǡƒŽŽ‘™‹‰†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”•—†‡”–Š‡•ƒ‡‘”ƒ •‹‹Žƒ”Ž‹ ‡•‡ȋŽƒ–‡”‘”Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘˜‡”•‹‘ȌǢ‘Ǧ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ȋȌǡ”‡“—‹”‹‰–Š‡™‘”‹•‘–—•‡†ˆ‘” ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ’—”’‘•‡•Ǣ ƒ† ‘ ‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡• ȋȌǡ ƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ ‘Ž› –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ™‘”ǡ ™‹–Š‘—–†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡•Ǥ • ‘ˆ –Š‡ —””‡– ˜‡”•‹‘•ǡ ƒŽŽ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ Dz ‘”‡ ”‹‰Š–dz –‘ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡ ƒ ™‘” ˆ‘” ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ’—”’‘•‡• ™‹–Š‘—– ‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡  ƒ†  ‘’–‹‘•™‹ŽŽƒ‡ƒ™‘”‘Ǧˆ”‡‡Ǥ ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‘’–‹‘• ‹ Ž—†‡ –Š‡ Ͳ ‘’–‹‘ǡ ‘” Dz‘ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†Ǥdz ‘”•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ǡ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Šƒ•–Š”‡‡ƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǣ–Š‡‹ ‡•‡ǡ–Š‡  Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡƒ†–Š‡  Ǥ

JURISDICTIONPORTS Š‡‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ‘ǦŽ‘ ƒŽ‹œ‡†”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•™‡”‡ ™”‹––‡™‹–Š–Š‡ǤǤŽ‡‰ƒŽ•›•–‡‹‹†ǡ•‘–Š‡™‘”†‹‰ ‘—Ž† „‡ ‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡ ™‹–Š‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‘ ƒŽ Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹‘• ƒ† ”‡†‡” –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• —‡ˆ‘” ‡ƒ„Ž‡ ‹ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘•Ǥ ‘ƒ††”‡•• –Š‹•‹••—‡ǡ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŠƒ••–ƒ”–‡†–‘’‘”– –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• Ž‹ ‡•‡• –‘ ƒ ‘‘†ƒ–‡ Ž‘ ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ–‡Žƒ™Ǥ•‘ˆƒ›ʹͲͳͲǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ͷʹŒ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘Ǧ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹  Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ™‹–Š ͻ ‘–Š‡” Œ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘• ‹ †”ƒˆ–‹‰ ’”‘ ‡••ǡ ƒ† ‘”‡ ‘—–”‹‡•Œ‘‹‹‰–Š‡™‘”Ž†™‹†‡’”‘Œ‡ –Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 73

CRITICISM

    ±–‡” ‡Œƒ‹ זŠ ƒ••‡”–• –Šƒ– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǯ ‘„Œ‡ –‹˜‡• ƒ”‡ ƒŽ”‡ƒ†› ™‡ŽŽ •‡”˜‡† „› –Š‡ —””‡– ‘’›”‹‰Š– ”‡‰‹‡ǡ ƒ† –Šƒ– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǯ Dz•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dz •Ž‘‰ƒǡ ƒ• ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǯ• DzƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†dzǡ ”‡ƒ–‡• ƒ ˆƒŽ•‡†‹ Š‘–‘›ǤDz‘’›”‹‰Š–’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒŽ‹•–‘ˆ‡š Ž—•‹˜‡”‹‰Š–•–‘ –Š‡”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”ǡˆ”‘™Š‹ ŠŠ‡†‡ ‹†‡•™Š‹ Š‘‡•Š‡™‹•Š‡•–‘ Dz•‡ŽŽdz‘”‰”ƒ–ƒ†™Š‹ Š–‘”‡–ƒ‹ǤŠ‡Dz•‘‡”‹‰Š–•”‡•‡”˜‡†dz ‘ ‡’–‹•–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡‘–ƒƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡–‘ǡ„—–”ƒ–Š‡”–Š‡˜‡”› ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ Žƒ••‹ ƒŽ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Ǥdz –Š‡” ”‹–‹ • ˆ‡ƒ” –Šƒ– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘—Ž†‡”‘†‡–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–•›•–‡‘˜‡”–‹‡Ǥ ‘‡‘ˆ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǯ ”‹–‹ ••—’’‘”–”‡˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ƒ –ǡ „—– „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• –‘ „‡ ‡”‡Ž› ƒ ‘–”ƒ –—ƒŽ“—‹ ˆ‹š–Šƒ–†‹••—ƒ†‡•–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ˆ”‘‘„‹Ž‹œ‹‰ –‘™ƒ”†ƒ”‡ƒŽ”‡˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘’›”‹‰Š– –ƒ† ‘’›”‹‰Š––‡” Ž‡‰–Š•Ǥ –Š‡”•ǡ •— Š ƒ• ‡ˆˆ”‡› ƒ””‹•‘ǡ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• •›•–‡ –‘ „‡ –‘‘ Žƒšǡ ƒ† ƒ—–‹‘ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– DzƒŽŽ‘™‹‰ •‘‡ ‘ˆ ‘—” ‘•– ’”‡ ‹‘—• ”‡•‘—” ‡• – –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‹–› ‘ˆ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• – –‘ „‡ •‹’Ž› –‘••‡† ‹–‘ –Š‡ ‘‘• –‘ „‡ ‡š’Ž‘‹–‡†„›™Š‘‡˜‡”Šƒ••’ƒ”‡–‹‡ƒ†ƒƒ‰‹ ƒ”‡”Ǥdz –Š‡” ”‹–‹ •“—‡•–‹‘™Š‡–Š‡””‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ”‡–”—Ž›—•‡ˆ—Žˆ‘”ƒ”–‹•–•ǡ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰–Šƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‹• †‹”‡ –‡† ƒ‹Ž› –‘™ƒ”† ƒ Dz”‡‹š —Ž–—”‡dz –Šƒ– ‘ˆ–‡ ˆƒ‹Ž• –‘ ƒ ‘—–ˆ‘”–Š‡”‡ƒŽ‡‡†•ǡ•— Šƒ•ˆ‹ƒ ‹ƒŽ ‘’‡•ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ”‡ ‘‰‹–‹‘ǡ ‘ˆ ˆ‹‡ ƒ”–‹•–•ǡ ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› ‹ –Š‡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ ƒ”–• ™‘”Ž†Ǥ ‘‡ ”‹–‹ • ƒŽ•‘ ™‘””› –Šƒ– ƒ •›•–‡ –Šƒ– †‘‡• ‘– ƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ—–Š‘”•–‘‘„–ƒ‹ƒ”‡™ƒ”†ˆ‘”–Š‡‹” ”‡ƒ–‹‘•™‹ŽŽ ƒ—•‡•‘‡ ƒ”–‹•–•–‘ƒ˜‘‹†•Šƒ”‹‰–Š‡‹”™‘”Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ˆ‘—†‡”ƒ™”‡ ‡ ‡••‹‰ ‘—–‡”• –Šƒ– ‘’›”‹‰Š– Žƒ™• Šƒ˜‡ ‘– ƒŽ™ƒ›• ‘ˆˆ‡”‡† –Š‡ •–”‘‰ ƒ† •‡‡‹‰Ž› ‹†‡ˆ‹‹–‡ ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ –Šƒ– –‘†ƒ›ǯ• Žƒ™ ’”‘˜‹†‡•Ǥ ƒ–Š‡”ǡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ǯ•†—”ƒ–‹‘—•‡†–‘„‡Ž‹‹–‡†–‘— Š•Š‘”–‡” –‡”• ‘ˆ ›‡ƒ”•ǡ ƒ† •‘‡ ™‘”• ‡˜‡” ‰ƒ‹‡† ’”‘–‡ –‹‘ „‡ ƒ—•‡ –Š‡› †‹† ‘– ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™ –Š‡ ‘™Ǧƒ„ƒ†‘‡† ‘’—Ž•‘”› ˆ‘”ƒ–Ǥ 74 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

‘–Š‡” ”‹–‹  “—‡•–‹‘• ™Š‡–Š‡” ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ ”‡ƒŽŽ›„‡–Š‡ ‘‘•–Šƒ–‹–’—”’‘”–•–‘„‡ǡ‰‹˜‡–Šƒ–ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•– •‘‡”‡•–”‹ –‹‘•ƒ’’Ž›–‘’‡‘’Ž‡ǯ•ƒ„‹Ž‹–›–‘—•‡–Š‡”‡•‘—” ‡• ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‘‘ ˆ‹‡Ž†ǤŠ‡ ‹• ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ‡–‹”‡Ž› ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡”‹‰Š–•‘ˆ‘–Š‡”•ƒ†Šƒ•‘–Š‹‰–‘†‘™‹–Š”‹‰Š–••Šƒ”‡† „› ƒŽŽǤ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒŽ•‘ †‘‡• ‘– †‡ˆ‹‡ Dz ”‡ƒ–‹˜‹–›dz ‘” ™Šƒ– ƒ•’‡ –•ƒ ™‘” ”‡“—‹”‡• ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ „‡ ‘‡ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘‘•Ǥ ”‹–‹ ••— Šƒ•ƒ˜‹†‡””›ƒ† ‹Ž‡•‘••ƒŽ•‘ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ– –Š‡ ˆ‘—†‹‰ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‹• ‘– –Š‡ ’”‘’‡” ‡ Šƒ‹•ˆ‘” ”‡ƒ–‹‰ƒ ‘‘•‘ˆ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ‘–‡–Ǥƒ–Š‡”ǡ ƒ ‘‘• •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ”‡ƒ–‡†ǡ ƒ† ‹–• ’”‡•‡ ‡ ’”‡•‡”˜‡†ǡ –Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ’”‘ ‡••ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹•ǡ‘––Š”‘—‰Š Žƒ™›‡”•™”‹–‹‰†‘™‡™”—Ž‡•Ǥ

        ”‹–‹ • Šƒ˜‡ ƒŽ•‘ ƒ”‰—‡† –Šƒ– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ™‘”•‡• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ’”‘Ž‹ˆ‡”ƒ–‹‘ǡ „› ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ™‡„•‹–‡ •–ƒ–‡•ǡ Dz‹ ‡ ‡ƒ Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‹š  Ž‹ ‡•‡• ˆ— –‹‘• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž›ǡ ”‡•‘—” ‡• ’Žƒ ‡† —†‡” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‹ ‡•‡• ƒ› ‘– ‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž› „‡ ‘„‹‡† ™‹–Š ‘‡ ƒ‘–Š‡” ™‹–Š‘—– ˜‹‘Žƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ –‡”•Ǥdz‘”•Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡”‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ›‘–„‡ ”‡ ‘„‹‡†‹ƒ†‡”‹˜ƒ–‹˜‡™‘”™‹–Š‘—–‘„–ƒ‹‹‰’‡”‹••‹‘ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǦŠ‘Ž†‡”Ǥ ‘‡ ™‘””› –Šƒ– Dz™‹–Š‘—– ƒ ‘‘ Ž‡‰ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”ǡ™‘”•™Š‹ Š‹ƒ†˜‡”–‡–Ž›‹šŽ‹ ‡•‡•ƒ› „‡ ‘‡—•Šƒ”‡ƒ„Ž‡Ǥdz

   ‘‡ ‘’›”‹‰Š–Š‘Ž†‡”•Šƒ˜‡ ‘’Žƒ‹‡†–Šƒ–‹–‡”‡–—•‡”• ‡””‘‡‘—•Ž› „”ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘’›”‹‰Š–‡† ™‘”• ™‹–Š ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ –Š‡ ”‡Ǧ—’Ž‘ƒ† –Š‡ ™‘”• –‘ –Š‡ ‹–‡”‡–Ǥ ”‹–‹ • ƒ••‡”– –Šƒ– –Š‹• •–‡• ˆ”‘ ”ƒ’ƒ– —•‡”Ǧ ‘ˆ—•‹‘ ƒ„‘—––Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡•Ǥ–’”‡•‡–ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘ Š‡ •‹’Žƒ ‡–‘ Š‘Ž†—•‡”•ƒ ‘—–ƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘”‹•Ž‹ ‡•‹‰Ǥ Ž–Š‘—‰Š ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘ˆˆ‡”• —Ž–‹’Ž‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ˆ‘” †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–—•‡•ǡ•‘‡ ”‹–‹ ••—‰‰‡•––Šƒ––Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡••–‹ŽŽ†‘‘– Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 75

ƒ††”‡••–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•ƒ‘‰–Š‡‡†‹ƒ‘”ƒ‘‰–Š‡˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‘ ‡”• –Šƒ– †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒ—–Š‘”• Šƒ˜‡Ǥ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‘‡ ”‹–‹  ’‘‹–• ‘—– –Šƒ– †‘ —‡–ƒ”› ˆ‹Žƒ‡”• ‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ ˜ƒ•–Ž› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‘ ‡”•ˆ”‘–Š‘•‡Š‡Ž†„›ƒ•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡†‡•‹‰‡”‘”ƒ Žƒ™ ’”‘ˆ‡••‘”Ǥ ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™‹•Š‹‰ –‘ —•‡ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡† ™‘” ™‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ –‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ ‹ˆ –Š‡‹” ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” —•‡ ‹• ƒŽŽ‘™‡† —†‡” –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‘” ‹ˆ –Š‡› ‡‡† ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ’‡”‹••‹‘Ǥ ‡••‹‰ ™”‘–‡ –Šƒ– –Š‡ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‹• –‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡ ƒ ‹††Ž‡ ‰”‘—† „‡–™‡‡ –™‘ ‡š–”‡‡ ˜‹‡™• ‘ˆ ‘’›”‹‰Š– ’”‘–‡ –‹‘–‘‡ †‡ƒ†‹‰ –Šƒ– ƒŽŽ ”‹‰Š–• „‡ ‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†ǡƒ†–Š‡‘–Š‡”ƒ”‰—‹‰–Šƒ–‘‡•Š‘—Ž†„‡ ‘–”‘ŽŽ‡†Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ–Š‹”†‘’–‹‘–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ‘™•ƒ—–Š‘”• –‘’‹ ƒ† Š‘‘•‡™Š‹ Š”‹‰Š–•–Š‡›™ƒ––‘ ‘–”‘Žƒ†™Š‹ Š –Š‡› ™ƒ– –‘ ”‡Ž‹“—‹•ŠǤ Š‡ —Ž–‹–—†‡ ‘ˆ Ž‹ ‡•‡• ”‡ˆŽ‡ –•–Š‡ —Ž–‹–—†‡ ‘ˆ ”‹‰Š–• –Šƒ– ƒ „‡ ’ƒ••‡† ‘ –‘ •—„•‡“—‡– ”‡ƒ–‘”•Ǥ

      ‘‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•†‘‘–‡‡––Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡‡ ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ‘—†ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† ‘–Š‡” ˆ”‡‡ ‘–‡– ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•Ǥ ’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•  Ž‹ ‡•‡ Šƒ•„‡‡†‡‘— ‡†„›  ˆ‘—†‡”‹ Šƒ”†–ƒŽŽƒ„‡ ƒ—•‡ǡ Š‡•ƒ›•ǡ‹–†‡‹‡•—•‡”•ƒDz„ƒ•‹ ˆ”‡‡†‘dz–‘”‡—•‡ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•ƒ• –Š‡›•‡‡ˆ‹–Ǥ ƒ‘ ‹ŽŽƒ••‡”–•–Šƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ˆƒ‹Ž•–‘‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Šƒ Dz„ƒ•‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆˆ”‡‡†‘dz–Šƒ–ƒŽŽ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡•—•– ‡‡–ǡƒ†™‹–Š™Š‹ ŠƒŽŽŽ‹ ‡•‘”•ƒ†—•‡”•—•– ‘’Ž›ǤDz› ˆƒ‹Ž‹‰–‘–ƒ‡ƒ›ˆ‹”‡–Š‹ ƒŽ’‘•‹–‹‘ƒ††”ƒ™ƒ›Ž‹‡‹–Š‡ •ƒ†ǡ‹•ƒ‹••‡†‘’’‘”–—‹–›ǤǤǤǤŠƒ•”‡’Žƒ ‡†™Šƒ– ‘—Ž† Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ƒ ƒŽŽ ˆ‘” ƒ ™‘”Ž† ™Š‡”‡ Ǯ‡••‡–‹ƒŽ ”‹‰Š–• ƒ”‡ —”‡•‡”˜ƒ„Ž‡ǯ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› Š‘ŽŽ‘™ ƒŽŽ ˆ‘” Ǯ•‘‡ ”‹‰Š–• ”‡•‡”˜‡†Ǥǯdz‘‡ ”‹–‹ •ˆ‡ƒ”–Šƒ–”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ǯ’‘’—Žƒ”‹–› ƒ›†‡–”ƒ –ˆ”‘–Š‡‘”‡•–”‹‰‡–‰‘ƒŽ•‘ˆ‘–Š‡”ˆ”‡‡ ‘–‡– ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•Ǥ

 76 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

      Ǧ   –Š‡” ”‹–‹ •ǡ•— Šƒ•”‹‘‡ŽŽ‡”ǡ”ƒ‹•‡ ‘ ‡”•ƒ„‘—––Š‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ǯ ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ‘”• †‹•–”‹„—–‡† —†‡” –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘Ǧ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‘– ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡ ™‹–Š ƒ› ‘’‡Ǧ ‘–‡– •‹–‡•ǡ ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ‹‹’‡†‹ƒǡ ™Š‹ Š ‡š’Ž‹ ‹–Ž› ƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ† ‡ ‘—”ƒ‰‡ •‘‡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ —•‡•Ǥ ‘ŽŽ‡” ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Šƒ– Dz–Š‡ ’‡‘’Ž‡ ™Š‘ ƒ”‡ Ž‹‡Ž› –‘ „‡ Š—”– „› ƒ Ǧ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‘– Žƒ”‰‡ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‹‘•ǡ„—–•ƒŽŽ’—„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•Ž‹‡™‡„Ž‘‰•ǡƒ†˜‡”–‹•‹‰Ǧ ˆ—†‡†”ƒ†‹‘•–ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‘”Ž‘ ƒŽ‡™•’ƒ’‡”•Ǥdz ‡••‹‰ ”‡•’‘†• –Šƒ– –Š‡ —””‡– ‘’›”‹‰Š– ”‡‰‹‡ ƒŽ•‘ Šƒ”• ‘’ƒ–‹„‹Ž‹–› ƒ† –Šƒ– ƒ—–Š‘”• ƒ Ž‡••‡ –Š‹• ‹ ‘’ƒ–‹„‹Ž‹–› „› Š‘‘•‹‰ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ•– ”‡•–”‹ –‹˜‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‡ ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ Ž‹ ‡•‡ ‹• —•‡ˆ—Ž ˆ‘” ’”‡˜‡–‹‰•‘‡‘‡‡Ž•‡ˆ”‘ ƒ’‹–ƒŽ‹œ‹‰‘ƒƒ—–Š‘”ǯ•™‘” ™Š‡–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”•–‹ŽŽ’Žƒ•–‘†‘•‘‹–Š‡ˆ—–—”‡Ǥ

  Š‡ ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡”• ‘ˆ ‡„‹ƒǡ ƒ  ƒ† ‹—š †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘™ ˆ‘” ‹–• ”‹‰‹† ƒ†Š‡”‡ ‡ –‘ ƒ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” †‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ •‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ˆ”‡‡†‘ǡ †‘ ‘– „‡Ž‹‡˜‡ –Šƒ– ‡˜‡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ––”‹„—–‹‘ ‹ ‡•‡ǡ –Š‡ Ž‡ƒ•– ”‡•–”‹ –‹˜‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡•ǡ ƒ†Š‡”‡• –‘ –Š‡ ‡„‹ƒ ”‡‡ ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ —‹†‡Ž‹‡• ȋ  Ȍ †—‡–‘ –Š‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǯ•ƒ–‹Ǧ ’”‘˜‹•‹‘•ȋ™Š‹ Š ‘—Ž† ”‡•–”‹ – ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ –‘ •‘‡ ‡š–‡–Ȍ ƒ† ‹–• ”‡“—‹”‡‡– ‹ •‡ –‹‘ Ͷƒ –Šƒ– †‘™•–”‡ƒ —•‡”• ”‡‘˜‡ ƒ ƒ—–Š‘”ǯ• ”‡†‹–—’‘”‡“—‡•–ˆ”‘–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”Ǥ •–Š‡‘–Š‡”Ž‹ ‡•‡•ƒ”‡‹†‡–‹ ƒŽ–‘–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘• ––”‹„—–‹‘‹ ‡•‡™‹–Šˆ—”–Š‡””‡•–”‹ –‹‘•ǡ‡„‹ƒ ‘•‹†‡”• –Š‡‘Ǧˆ”‡‡ˆ‘”–Š‡•ƒ‡”‡ƒ•‘•ǤŠ‡”‡Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‡ˆˆ‘”–•–‘ ”‡‘˜‡–Š‡•‡’”‘„Ž‡•‹–Š‡‡™˜‡”•‹‘͵ǤͲŽ‹ ‡•‡•ǡ•‘–Š‡› ƒ„‡ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡™‹–Š–Š‡  Ǥ  ‘–”ƒ•––‘–Š‡ǦʹǤͲ Ž‹ ‡•‡ǡ˜‡”•‹‘͵ǤͲ‹• ‘•‹†‡”‡†–‘„‡ ‘’ƒ–‹„Ž‡–‘–Š‡  Ǥ

 Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 77

LEGALCASES

    ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ™ƒ• ˆ‹”•– –‡•–‡† ‹ ‘—”– ‹ ‡ƒ”Ž› ʹͲͲ͸ǡ ™Š‡ ’‘† ƒ•–‡” †ƒ —””› •—‡† ƒ —– Š –ƒ„Ž‘‹† ™Š‘’—„Ž‹•Š‡†’Š‘–‘•™‹–Š‘—–’‡”‹••‹‘ˆ”‘Š‹• Ž‹ ”’ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‡ ’Š‘–‘• ™‡”‡ Ž‹ ‡•‡† —†‡”–Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ‘Ǧ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽŽ‹ ‡•‡ǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‡˜‡”†‹ –™ƒ•‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ—””›ǡ–Š‡ –ƒ„Ž‘‹†ƒ˜‘‹†‡†Šƒ˜‹‰–‘’ƒ›”‡•–‹–—–‹‘–‘Š‹ƒ•Ž‘‰ƒ•–Š‡› †‹† ‘– ”‡’‡ƒ– –Š‡ ‘ˆˆ‡•‡Ǥ  ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‡ ‹•‹‘ •–ƒ–‡•ǡ DzŠ‡—– Š‘—”–ǯ•†‡ ‹•‹‘‹•‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›‘–‡™‘”–Š›„‡ ƒ—•‡‹– ‘ˆ‹”• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• Ž‹ ‡•‡ ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ›ƒ’’Ž›–‘–Š‡ ‘–‡–Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡”‹–ǡƒ†„‹† —•‡”• ‘ˆ •— Š ‘–‡– ‡˜‡ ™‹–Š‘—– ‡š’”‡••Ž› ƒ‰”‡‡‹‰ –‘ǡ ‘” Šƒ˜‹‰‘™Ž‡†‰‡‘ˆǡ–Š‡ ‘†‹–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥdz

     ʹͲͲ͹ǡ ‹”‰‹ ‘„‹Ž‡ Žƒ— Š‡† ƒ „—• •–‘’ ƒ† ƒ’ƒ‹‰ ’”‘‘–‹‰ –Š‡‹” ‡ŽŽ’Š‘‡ –‡š– ‡••ƒ‰‹‰ •‡”˜‹ ‡ —•‹‰ –Š‡ ™‘” ‘ˆ ƒƒ–‡—” ’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š‡”• ™Š‘ —’Ž‘ƒ†‡† –Š‡‹” ™‘” –‘ Ž‹ ” —•‹‰ ƒ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǧ ȋ––”‹„—–‹‘Ȍ Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ •‡”•Ž‹ ‡•‹‰–Š‡‹”‹ƒ‰‡•–Š‹•™ƒ›ˆ”‡‡†–Š‡‹”™‘”ˆ‘”—•‡ „› ƒ› ‘–Š‡” ‡–‹–›ǡ ƒ• Ž‘‰ ƒ• –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ ”‡ƒ–‘” ™ƒ• ƒ––”‹„—–‡† ”‡†‹–ǡ ™‹–Š‘—– ƒ› ‘–Š‡” ‘’‡•ƒ–‹‘ ”‡“—‹”‡†Ǥ ‹”‰‹—’Š‡Ž†–Š‹••‹‰Ž‡”‡•–”‹ –‹‘„›’”‹–‹‰ƒŽ‡ƒ†‹‰–‘ –Š‡’Š‘–‘‰”ƒ’Š‡”ǯ• Ž‹ ”’ƒ‰‡‘‡ƒ Š‘ˆ–Š‡‹”ƒ†•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘‡’‹ –—”‡ǡ†‡’‹ –‹‰ͳͷ›‡ƒ”Ǧ‘Ž†Ž‹•‘Šƒ‰ƒ–ƒˆ—†Ǧ”ƒ‹•‹ ‰ ƒ”™ƒ•Š ˆ‘” Š‡” Š—” Šǡ ƒ—•‡† •‘‡ ‘–”‘˜‡”•› ™Š‡ •Š‡ •—‡† ‹”‰‹ ‘„‹Ž‡Ǥ Š‡ ’Š‘–‘ ™ƒ• –ƒ‡ „› Ž‹•‘ǯ• Š—” Š ›‘—–Š ‘—•‡Ž‘”ǡ —•–‹ ‘Ǧ‡‡‘‰ǡ™Š‘—’Ž‘ƒ†‡†–Š‡‹ƒ‰‡ –‘ Ž‹ ”—†‡”–Š‡”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡Ǥ ʹͲͲͺǡ–Š‡ ƒ•‡ ™ƒ•–Š”‘™‘—–‘ˆ ‘—”–ˆ‘”Žƒ ‘ˆŒ—”‹•†‹ –‹‘Ǥ

Ǧ Ȃ  ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍ Š‡‹••—‡‹–Š‹• ƒ•‡™ƒ•‘–™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡Ž‹ ‡•‡™ƒ• ‡ˆ‘” ‡ƒ„Ž‡ǡ„—–‹•–‡ƒ†™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡ƒŒ‘” ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–›‹ ’ƒ‹ ‘—Ž† ‘ŽŽ‡ –”‘›ƒŽ–‹‡•ˆ”‘ƒ„ƒ”–Šƒ–’Žƒ›‡†ǦŽ‹ ‡•‡† 78 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

—•‹ Ǥ  –Š‹• ƒ•‡ǡ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ’ƒ‹•Š ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–› – ‘ ‹‡†ƒ† ‡‡”ƒŽ†‡—–‘”‡•›†‹–‘”‡•ȋDz dzȌ•—‡†ƒ†‹• ‘ ‘™‡” ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ —•‹  ƒƒ‰‡† „› –Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ –Š‡ ‘™‡” ‘—”– ”‡Œ‡ –‡† –Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‰•‘ ‹‡–›ǯ• Žƒ‹•„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡‘™‡”‘ˆ–Š‡„ƒ”’”‘˜‡† –Šƒ––Š‡—•‹ Š‡™ƒ•—•‹‰™ƒ•‘–ƒƒ‰‡†„›–Š‡•‘ ‹‡–›ǡ •‹ ‡‹–™ƒ•—†‡”Ž‹ ‡ ‡Ǥ

          APPENDIXIII HOWTOPUBLISH28

ʹͺ Š‹• ƒ’’‡†‹š ‹• ƒ ‘†‹ˆ‹‡† ˜‡”•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ –‡š– ™‡ ˆ‘—† ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ‡Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡̴‘‘•‘—‰—•–ͳ͵ǡʹͲͳͲǤ 80 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Audio Specific Sites

Internet Archive You can quickly and easily publish your audio files to the Internet Archive by visiting http://www.archive.org/create/, which includes a license selection step. For large files (>500MB), you may wish to use our CC Publisher application. CC Publisher is a tool that does two things: it will help you tag your audio files with information about your license and it allows you to upload Creative Commons-licensed audio and video works to the Internet Archive for free hosting. CC Publisher is available for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux operating systems. Download links and installation instructions can be found on the CC Publisher page.

Using CC Publisher

Step one: Dragging your songs into CC Publisher Start the CC Publisher application and hit Next on the introductory screen. The process starts by adding your files to be tagged/uploaded. You can use the browse function to find the files, or simply drag and drop as many files that you would like to license (all with the same license) and upload (all into the same collection at Internet Archive).

Step two: Adding information about your works The next screen will ask for information about your recording or video, which will help others find it at the archive and build up the metadata in your audio files

Step three: Choose your license CC Publisher lets you choose one of several license types and the options for each.

Step four: Logging into the Internet Archive To upload your works to the Internet Archive, you'll need an account there to associate your files with. If you don't have an Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 81 account there, there is a handy button within CC Publisher that will launch a web browser and allow you to join it.

Step five: Start your upload to the Archive The final step is to upload your works to the Internet Archive. Depending on your connection and the size of files you are uploading, this step can take anywhere from a few seconds to several hours.

Step six: All done! When your upload is complete, the Publisher application will furnish you with a URL that should be live within 24 hours at the Archive.

Soundclick

Step one: Sign up at SoundClick SoundClick is a music website that features both signed and unsigned bands, offering unlimited storage for your band's music. The easiest way to post music online with a Creative Commons license is to let SoundClick handle all the hosting, posting, and licensing for you. Start by signing up a new (free) account at SoundClick.

Step two: Add information about your band SoundClick offers plenty of ways for you to add additional information about your music. Describing your band and the type of music you play will help visitors find your music.

Step three: Upload your song to Soundclick After adding information about your song, upload it to SoundClick.

Step four: Choose your license at SoundClick The last step is to apply a license for your uploaded song. Be sure to click the "Yes" option under the first question, to enable the license options for your song.

View your license at SoundClick Once your song has been uploaded and licensed, go to your SoundClick music page, and you should see a "license" link for each song uploaded, which should link to the license you chose.

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Morpheus

Morpheus is a popular windows P2P file-sharing application with support for locating and displaying Creative Commons licenses on audio files. The following steps describe the process to distributing your audio on the Morpheus network.

Step one: Use CC Publisher to add metadata to your music The first step to getting your music recognized by Morpheus is to embed your license into your songs. Follow our tutorial on using CC Publisher. When you're done either publishing your song to the Internet Archive or your own website, your audio file will have the proper embedded metadata.

Step two: Put your song into Morpheus' Downloads directory Once you have used CC Publisher, your audio file should have extra metadata embedded. Simply copy the file to your Downloads directory within Morpheus to begin sharing it. Others using the Morpheus client should be able to see your song and search for it.

Finding Creative Commons licensed audio on Morpheus

Search for licensed music at Morpheus You can search for licensed songs at Morpheus by putting "cc:sampling" into the search field (search for other licenses via "cc:sharing" is coming soon).

Licenses in Search Results You should see Creative Commons license information in your search results.

View license information in your results Mousing over individual results will also display any Creative Commons license information. When downloading licensed songs, you may want to verify the files with CC Lookup.

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 83

Adding a license to your audio page

Step one: Choose a license If you already have your own website hosting your music and you'd like to put others on notice that they can use and share your songs, start by choosing a license for your work.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Step three: Paste code into your site The specifics of the last step will depend on how you edit your website. Most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page you are hosting music, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac).

Video

Internet Archive

You can quickly and easily publish your video files to the Internet Archive using our CC Publisher application. CC Publisher is a tool that does two things: it will help you tag your video files with information about your license and it allows you to upload Creative Commons-licensed audio and video works to the Internet Archive for free hosting. CC Publisher is available for Windows, Mac OS X and Linux operating systems. Download links and installation instructions can be found on the CC Publisher page.

Using CC Publisher Step one: Dragging your video into CC Publisher Start the CC Publisher application and hit Next on the introductory screen. The process starts by adding your files to be tagged/uploaded. You can use the browse function to find the files, 84 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide or simply drag and drop as many files that you would like to license (all with the same license) and upload (all into the same collection at Internet Archive).

Step two: Adding information about your works The next screen will ask for information about your recording or video, which will help others find it at the archive and build up the metadata in your audio/video files.

Step three: Choose your license CC Publisher lets you choose one of several license types and the options for each.

Step four: Logging into the Internet Archive To upload your works to the Internet Archive, you'll need an account there to associate your files with. If you don't have an account there, there is a handy button within CC Publisher that will launch a web browser and allow you to join it.

Step five: Start your upload to the Archive The final step is to upload your works to the Internet Archive. Depending on your connection and the size of files you are uploading, this step can take anywhere from a few seconds to several hours.

Step six: All done! When your upload is complete, the Publisher application will furnish you with a URL that should be live within 24 hours at the Archive.

Adding a license to your video page

Step one: Choose a license If you already have your own website hosting your video and you'd like to put others on notice that they can use and share your songs, start by choosing a license for your work.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 85

Step three: Paste code into your site The specifics of the last step will depend on how you edit your website. Most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page you are hosting music, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac).

Image Flickr

Step one: Sign up at Flickr Flickr is an online photo sharing service that offers Creative Commons licenses on your photos. The easiest way to post images online with a Creative Commons license is to let Flickr handle all the hosting, posting, and licensing for you. Start by signing up a new (free) account at Flickr.

Step two: Upload your images to Flickr Flickr offers a variety of upload tools that work within several popular programs, but the easiest way is to upload them directly through their website.

Step three: Choose a license at Flickr The last step is to apply a license for all your uploaded photos.

Buzznet

Step one: Sign up at Buzznet Buzznet is photo hosting service offering Creative Commons licenses for your photos. The easiest way to post images online with a Creative Commons license is to let Buzznet handle all the hosting, posting, and licensing for you. Start by signing up a new (free) account at Buzznet.

Step two: Upload your images to Buzznet Buzznet lets you upload images directly through their website. Clicking "Post" will take you to the upload page. 86 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Step three: Choose a license at Buzznet The last step is to apply a license for all your uploaded photos, using the license wizard at Buzznet. Clicking "Dashboard" will take you to the license choosing page, then click "Change default License" to start the wizard.

Adding a license to your photo pages

Step one: Choose a license If you already have your own website hosting your photos and you'd like to put others on notice that they can use and share your images, start by choosing a license for your work.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Step three: Paste code into your site The specifics of the last step will depend on how you edit your website. Most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page you are hosting music, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac). If you use custom photo gallery software to display your images, try pasting the code into the "footer" file in your site, or the section of the gallery that controls what the bottom of pages look like.

Text Blog

Adding a license to your Movable Type Weblog

Step one: Login to Movable Type You'll want to start by logging into your Movable Type installation, and finding the "Edit Configuration" link for the blog you'd like to license. Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 87

Step two: Edit Configuration/Choose license On the main configuration page, click on the "Preferences" option in the upper right area, then scroll down to the link marked "Create a License now" link. Answer the questions, scroll down to save your configuration, then republish your blog to see a license button added to your site.

Adding a license to Blogger/Blogspot

Step one: Choose a license Start by choosing a license for your work at the Creative Commons website.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Step three: Paste code into your Blogger Template Log into the Dashboard of your Blogger blog, click "Layout" then "Edit HTML". Near the end of the template code, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac). Click "Save Template Changes" then republish your blog to add your license to your Blogger site.

Adding a license to Typepad

(Follow the first two steps above to choose a license and copy the code)

Step three: Create a new Typelist You'll want to create a new Typelist to hold the Creative Commons license code. Log into Typepad, then click on the Typelists tab, and create a new Typelist called CC or Creative Commons, and make it a Link type of list.

Step four: Paste code into your new Typelist 88 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Click "New Item" to add a Typelist item, and paste your license code into the "Notes" area and save the item.

Step five: Change Typelist configuration Once the item is saved in your new Typelist, click the "Edit Configuration" link for your Creative Commons typelist, then scroll down to the Advanced options, and under "Display Notes" click the "as text" option and save.

Step six: Add Typelist to your blog The last step is to add the typelist to your blog. Click the "Edit Design" option on your blog, then click the "Content" link and scroll down to the Typelists options, then click your Creative Commons typelist, save, then republish your blog to add the license.

Adding a license to LiveJournal

(Follow the first two steps above to choose a license and copy the code)

While logged in, go to the LiveJournal homepage and look at the header. x If it's a personal blog, choose "Journal" then "Journal style". x If it's a community, choose "Communities" then "Manage," and for the community you want to mark, click "[Journal Style]" on the right.

On the right, under "(blog name)'s current theme", click "Customize your theme". Click Sidebar and paste the HTML code into the relevant box. (Depending on the theme, you may need to click "sidebar" there may be one or many boxes, and you may need to click "Free Text Sidebox" to make them visible.)

Save and see how it looks.

Depending on the options you've chosen, this may look a bit bulky or messy - you may want to add tags to the text under the box. Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 89

Depending on the theme you are using, you may be able to add the mark elsewhere, e.g. in a footer (?).

Another option is to edit the CSS directly, if you know how to do this. Instead of clicking "Sidebar", click "Custom CSS" and go from there. LiveJournal's way of selectively presenting the CSS {?) differs from other blog platforms, so this can be confusing if you're not used to it. Make a copy of the previous version of the CSS into a text file, and note the settings, in case something goes wrong and you need to change it back.

Adding a license to your existing website

Step one: Choose a license If you already have your own website hosting your text, essays and writings and you'd like to put others on notice that they can use and share your text, start by choosing a license for your work.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Step three: Paste code into your site The specifics of the last step will depend on how you edit your website. Most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page you are hosting music, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac).

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Education Adding a license to your existing website

Step one: Choose a license If you already have your own website hosting your educational materials and you'd like to put others on notice that they can use and share your materials, start by choosing a license for your work.

Step two: Copy the code On the "Mark your content" page of the license process, copy the code provided by highlighting it with your mouse and hitting ctrl-c (command-c on a Mac).

Step three: Paste code into your site The specifics of the last step will depend on how you edit your website. Most desktop website tools like Dreamweaver, Frontpage, or GoLive offer a "code view" that lets you see the code that makes up your page. Near the end of the page you are hosting music, before you see , paste in the code copied in the previous step by clicking the page and hitting ctrl-v (command-v on a Mac).

       APPENDIXIV ACCRELGUIDE

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Foreward

This resource assumes some basic knowledge of HTML and RDFa. Many of the later examples build on ideas from previous examples. If there is something in an example that isn't explained, check previous examples for an explanation. Validating your RDFa can help you catch syntax errors or other problems with your metadata. For more information on RDFa validation, see the How-tovalidate page29 on the RDFa wiki. This resource contains material adapted from “ccREL: The Creative Commons Rights Expression Language”30 by Creative Commons, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Basic Marking: One page, One License

A very common use of Creative Commons licenses is to license a page on the web and the content contained within under a CC license. For example, many blogs are licensed under a Creative Commons license. It's common for these sites to include CC license information at the bottom of every page in a footer, similar to how people often include copyright ownership year and information at the end of a page. Below are examples of how you would indicate that a single page on the web is licensed under CC. This is useful when integrating a CC license mark into a footer of a website.

License metadata

This page, by Lawrence Lessig, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

29 Š––’ǣȀȀ”†ˆƒǤ‹ˆ‘Ȁ™‹‹Ȁ ‘™Ǧ–‘Ǧ˜ƒŽ‹†ƒ–‡ 30Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ’”‘Œ‡ –•Ȁ ”‡Ž Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 93

Explanation This is a very basic example of how to include license metadata in HTML documents. The only metadata is provided by the rel="license" attribute in the a tag.rel="license" generates a triple with predicate xhtml:license. The triple relates the current document URI to the URI of the CC BY license to the URI for the xhtml:license predicate (http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab#license). How does this all occur by simply adding a single rel="license" attribute xhtml is the default prefix for reserved XHTML values, including license, which means that you don't need to do anything special to use it (like define the xhtml namespace). It is a built-in rel type. And the object of the rel="license" attribute is just set by the URL in the href attribute, which is true for all rel attributes.

License metadata with license image

This page, by Lawrence Lessig, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

Explanation You can add rel="license" to any tag with a valid href attribute. This means that for links to the license, anything can be between the a tags, including an image of the license mark. In this example, the CC BY license mark is a link, with rel="license" metadata, to the license deed.

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Attribution metadata

This page, by Lawrence Lessig, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

Explanation This example shows how to include CC REL metadata into your HTML. This metadata is what enables the CC license deeds to give users copy-and-paste attribution HTML. To see an example of how the CC license deeds use this metadata, go to the example HTML and click on the license badge. x xmlns:cc associates the prefix cc with the URL http://creativecommons.org/ns# throughout the div. This is critical for valid RDFa. x property generates a new triple with predicate cc:attributionName, and the text content of the element, in this case Lawrence Lessig, as the object. Note that the line does not break after the end of the opening a tag surrounding Lawrence Lessig. In the most recent draft of the RDFa specification, the text linked to by the a tag (the literal) would be processed to include any whitespaces within the a tag, including line breaks. Whitespace is not stripped from literals by RDFa processors that conform to the specification. When publishing RDFa it is important to remember this; that when parsed for RDFa, the format of your HTML could change the value of a literal to something other than what you might have expected. x rel="cc:attributionURL" generates a new triple with predicate cc:attributionURL, and the URL in the href as the object. The attribution URL is important when you want to indicate what URL re-users of your CC- licensed work should link to when they attribute your work. Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 95

This URL should appear in the license deed when someone clicks on your link to the CC license.

More metadata: Title, type, and subjects.

The Lessig Blog, a collection of texts by Lawrence Lessig, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

Explanation Here build on the previous example to include new metadata: x about defines the subject of all triples within the div. Here we have about="", which defines the subject to be the URL of the current document. When making assertions about the current document, or current URL, you do not need to specify that about="". It is included here for completeness. x typeof="cc:Work" indicates that the current resource has the class of cc:Work, which in the http://creativecommons.org/ns# namespace is described as "a potentially copyrightable work". x In addition to the cc namespace declaration (xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"), we declare the Dublin Core Terms namespace (xmlns:dct="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"). This puts many more terms at our disposal. x Because we've declared the dct namespace, we can use terms like dct:title. We've embedded it in a span with the property attribute. The object of this assertion (that the current document has a dct:title) would be 96 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

the literal between the span tags. In this case, the literal is The Lessig Blog. As noted above: Be careful not to include unnecessary whitespace in your literals, as this would change the assertion you are making.

Individual objects on a page Text block

Block of text, with license and attribution metadata

This text is not marked as CC licensed.

This text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

Explanation When embedding RDFa metadata into HTML, you aren't limited to making statements about the current URL. With the about attribute, you can set the subject of your triples to any arbitrary URI. In this example, we've set about="#uniqueID", which means that any RDFa within the div that has the about="#uniqueID" will have the HTML tag with id="uniqueID" as its subject. In this example, we have indicated that the div with id="uniqueID" is has a rel="license" ofhttp://creativecommons.org/licens es/by/3.0/. Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 97

Images

Image with license, attribution, and work metadata

This image, entitled Sharing Creative Works, by Creative Commons is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Explanation This example builds on previous examples. As in the text block example, we make the license assertion about the image. In the surrounding div, we place an about attribute. This scopes all RDFa within the div as having (in this case) CC_image.png as its subject. Thus the rel="license" statement is about the image URL and not about the current URL, as would be the case if we did not include the about attribute. We have included some new metadata in this example as well. Each property has the image file as its subject due having specified about="CC_image.png": x property="dct:title" within the spanelement makes the assertion that the image file has a dct:title of Sharing Creative Works. Note that the title is an RDFa literal, meaning the object of the dct:title property is whatever falls within the span tag. Therefore, be careful not to include line breaks or other characters that you don't want to be a part of your assertion. x rel="cc:attributionURL dct:creator" is a compound rel attribute. Rather than using two separate rel attributes, we are able to place two attribute values within a single rel by separating the properties with a space. The rel attribute always has the href attribute as its object, which in this case is the URL to the Creative Commons main page, http://creativecommons.org/. 98 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Video

HTML5 video with one source tag and metadata

A Shared Culture, by Jesse Dylan, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike License.

Explanation Embedding CC REL metadata in an HTML5 video tag with a singlesource tag is straightforward. The technique is similar to embedding metadata about an image. An aboutattribute is used in a surrounding div to set the subject of all triples in the div to the URL of the video linked to by thesource tag. Below the video, we've included a fairly standard CC license mark. As per the instruction on the video's official page, we have linked to the video page and attributed the video to its creator. Additionally, we have indicated the creator of the video with dct:creator with the object as Jesse Dylan's Wikipedia page. The text within that link is also used as a literal to set the object of cc:attributionName, Jesse Dylan.

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 99

HTML5 video with multiple source tags(EXPERIMENTAL)

A Shared Culture, by Jesse Dylan, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike License.

content="Jesse Dylan">

Explanation For HTML5 videos with multiple source tags, our markup is more complicated. Depending on a user's browser, a different video could be displayed when they visit the page. Each version of the video has equivalent content but a different URL. In this example, we have .web, .mp4, and .ogv videos. Thus, to accommodate this fact, we make several sets of assertions, each identical but with a different subject. In our example, we make one visible assertion about the first source URL, the webmvideo. The whole example is contained in a single div with the about attribute set to the URL to the webm video. The license metadata, not being re-scoped in any way, then has the subject of the webm video. Then, below the standard license assertion, we have two div elements, each hidden from view with a display:none; CSS rule. They are each scoped to a different video URL than the container div. Within both hidden divtags are the dct:title attributes. Rather than setting the object of property="dct:title" with content between the span tags, we use the contentattribute to set the object of dct:title to A Shared Culture, the title of the video. Within that hidden div are three span tags that sets first both the dct:creator property and the cc:attributionName property, the cc:attributionURL property, and the rel="license" attribute. These three span tags are empty, so for the properties that take literals, i.e. property="cc:attributionName", we set the object of the property with a content attribute. In this example, we set the object of property="cc:attributionName" to Jesse Dylan with content="Jesse Dylan". We duplicate the hidden div tag but with a different about attribute to make the same assertions about all three formats of the same video.

Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 101

Non-HTML5 video

A Shared Culture, by Jesse Dylan, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike License.

Explanation Providing CC license metadata for non-HTML5 videos, typically embedded as Flash objects, is similar to our image example, or the single-source HTML5 example. We have a single URL to the video, which we set as the subject of our statements with an aboutattribute in the surrounding div. The URL is the same URL in the embed tag's src attribute.

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Datasets

CC BY dataset, with license and attribution metadata

Download Example Dataset
Example Dataset was published by Creative Commons and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License.

Explanation Providing CC license data about a downloadable dataset is as easy as marking up an image or block of text. For datasets that have a URL, you can simply scope your statements with an about attribute so that your metadata has the subject of your dataset's URL. In this example, we set about="example_dataset.csv" so that the subsequent metadata is about the actual dataset. One thing to note is that here we've used a compound rel attribute with rel="cc:attributionURL dct:publisher" to set both the cc:attributionURL and dct:publisher with the same href attribute.

CC0 dataset, with license and attribution metadata

Download Example Dataset
x

src="http://i.creativecommons.org/l/zero/1.0/88x31 .png" style="border-style: none;" alt="CC0"/>
To the extent possible under law, Creative Commons has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to Example Dataset and expects that users will follow the Creative Commons Example Use Guidelines. This work is published from the United States.

Explanation One can mark a downloadable dataset as having been placed in the public domain with the CC0 waiver. You can create valid CC0 markup using the CC0 tool. As with the previous example, we set the subject of our metadata with an about attribute, setting it to the dataset file (in this case example_dataset.csv). We must also declare the vcard namespace, as it allows us to make statements about the country of the publisher, which is important information for public domain content. We can use rel="license" to indicate that copyright has been licensed (or in this case, waived) using the CC0 waiver (by setting the href attribute to the URL of the waiver, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Additionally, we must set a dct:publisher for the dataset. This will tell us who is publishing it, and will allow us to determine the relevant jurisdiction for the dataset's copyright status. In this example, the publisher is set to http://creativecommons.org/. At the end of the example, you'll see that we've indicated http://creativecommons.org/ has vcard:country with content="US". While one could use the content between the span elements as the literal value for vcard:Country, the CC0 and Public Domain Mark deeds require a literal value with a datatype="ISO3166". That is, you don't need to specify acontent attribute if your literal value is already 104 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide has that datatype (if US was between the span, rather than United States, for example). We additionally indicate that this data, content="US" hasdatatype="dct:ISO3166". Lastly, we've indicated Use Guidelines to this work by using the cc:useGuidelines predicate in a rel attribute. In this example, the object href is empty because we have not created an example use guidelines document, but in practice this link would point to actual use guidelines for the work. For more information, see this CC wiki page. Please note that use guidelines are not legally binding, and cc:useGuidelines is not meant to specify a URL that indicates legally binding guidelines for the work.

Multiple CC Licenses on a Page Multiple CC objects: Text and Image

Sharing Creative Works, by Creative Commons is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

This page, by Foo Bar, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

Explanation Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 105

We have already seen the strategy for including metadata about different objects on a page in the text block and other examples. The general idea is to set different subjects for different sets of metadata with an about attribute in a surrounding element, like a div. In this example, we have two different license assertions. One assertion is made about the whole document, and one is made about the CC_image.png image. The license assertion about the page follows the standard attribution example. All metadata is about the current document because no aboutattribute is set to scope the statements. Then, above that metadata, we have a div that sets the subject CC_image.png with an about attribute. Within that div is license metadata about the license applied to that image. There are two license assertions in this example. One is about the example as a whole, and one about the image within the example. If you were to click the license deeds from the example, the CC license deed would see and display metadata from that work on the page and in the copy-and-paste attribution HTML. This is because the license assertions are made about different licenses; for the resource as a whole, CC BY-SA, and for the image, CC BY. Unfortunately, if both license assertions were the same, the CC license deed would not be able to determine which metadata to display and would therefore display none.

Attributing Reuses Attributing a single-source remix

Este remix del Attribution Example de Lawrence Lessig, es por Creative 106 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

Commons y está disponible bajo una licencia Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported.

Explanation Attributing a source work in a remix is similar to how you would attribute a CC license work in a use, with one addition: you indicate a source work for the current document using dct:source. In this example, we have a Spanish version of an earlier example. The original document is indicated as the source of the current URL by linking to the source, href="attribution.html", and specifying rel="dct:source". The title of the source document is set in the span within the link. Here it's important to note that dct:title is describing the object of the surrounding tag; in this case, attribution.html. We also properly attribute the original document with the correct cc:attributionURL and cc:attributionName specified by the source. Lastly, we set a new cc:attributionURL and cc:attributionName for the remixed work.

Attributing a multiple-source remix

Sharing Creative Works, by Creative Commons is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Este remix de Attribution Example, de Lawrence Lessig, y

property="dct:title">Image Example, por Creative Commons, fue creado por Creative Commons y está disponible bajo una Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Explanation To attribute multiple sources in a remixed document, you simply need to indicate multiple dct:source documents. In this example, we have a document that is a remix of two source documents. Both source documents have been marked as being a dct:source. Additionally, the source documents are properly attributed and linked to as prescribed within each.

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Public Domain Content CC0

Marking waiver, publisher, and use guidelines

To the extent possible under law, Creative Commons has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to Example Work and expects that users will follow the Creative Commons Example Use Guidelines. This work is published from the United States.

Explanation To mark a work as having been placed into the public domain with the CC0 waiver, one follows similar steps from previous examples. If you'd like to avoid manually embedding metadata, You can create valid CC0 markup using the CC0 tool. The link to the CC0 waiver should include a rel="license" attribute, even though the CC0 waiver is not a license, legally speaking. The dct:publisher should be set to the identifying URL of the publishing entity. As in our dataset example, you should register the vcard namespace in the CC0 waiver mark. This enables the vcard:Country property, as seen at the bottom of this example. As in the datset example, we make a vcard:Country assertion about the dct:publisher. In this case, that publisher is http://creativecommons.org. For the vcard:Country Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 109 value, we override the literal United States between the span tags by providing a content attribute, set to US. We additionally specify the datatype for this content attribute with datatype="dct:ISO3166". While one could use the content between the span elements as the literal value for vcard:Country, the CC0 and Public Domain Mark deeds require a literal value with a datatype="ISO3166". That is, you don't need to specify a contentattribute if your literal value is already has that datatype (if US was between the span, rather than United States, for example). As in previous examples, we have the option of linking to Use Guidelines for the work. To indicate that a link is to Use Guidelines we include a rel="cc:useGuidelines" attribute in the link. If this metadata is included, when someone clicks on the PDM mark the deed should discover that metadata and link to the guideline URL. In this example the href attribute is empty but would normally include the location of any use guidelines. Please note that use guidelines are not legally binding, and cc:useGuidelines is not meant to specify a URL that indicates legally binding guidelines for the work.

Public Domain Mark

Marking license, publisher, and use guidelines

This work (Mona Lisa, by Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci ), identified by Nathan Yergler, is free of known copyright restrictions. Users are requested to honor the non-binding use guidelines.

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Explanation Using the Public Domain Mark is very similar to using the CC0 waiver. First we set the subject of our metadata to the content being identified. In this case, we set about="Mona_Lisa.jpeg". We then set a rel="license" attribute in the link to the PDM mark, again even though the mark is not strictly a license. We can also identify a creator of the work; in this case, the dct:creator is Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, which is a literal dct:title value applied to the URL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci, identifying the creator. It is important we identify a dct:publisher of the resource, which is the entity making the Public Domain identification. The object of dct:publisher is a URL set with an href which is then given a dct:title. In this case, the dct:publisher is http://yergler.net/ which has the title Nathan Yergler. As in previous examples, we have the option of linking to Use Guidelines for the work. To indicate that a link is to Use Guidelines we include a rel="cc:useGuidelines" attribute in the link. If this metadata is included, when someone clicks on the PDM mark the deed should discover that metadata and link to the guideline URL. In this example the href attribute is empty but would normally include the location of any use guidelines. Please note that use guidelines are not legally binding, and cc:useGuidelines is not meant to specify a URL that indicates legally binding guidelines for the work.

Marking copyright registration Marking a work as registered (CC Network)

property="dct:title">Example Work by Creative Commons is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.

Explanation Registering work on the CC Network is a multi-step process. First, you must have an account on the CC Network. For more details on obtaining one, see creativecommons.net. Then you must find the stable URL to your work and follow the directions on the CC Network to registering it as your work. In your CC Network account, you should be given a copy-and-paste version of the CC Network badge to place on the work. In this example, you can see the CC Network badge with the embedded registration metadata. First the sioc namespace is declared. Then we link the badge to our CC Network account with a rel="sioc:has_owner" to indicate that this is a link to the owner of the current document. With this metadata in place, when someone clicks through to the license deed from the work, the deed will display registration information and link to the registration page on the CC Network.

APPENDIXV BOOKS,ARTICLESANDWEBSITES ABOUTCREATIVECOMMONS

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BOOKSANDARTICLES ‘—” ‹‡”ǡƒ‹°Ž‡Ǣƒ•ƒ‘˜ƒ•ǡ‘’‡—Ǣ—Ž‘‰†‡‘•ƒ›ǡ±Žƒ‹‡Ǣ ƒ”ƒ ‡ ƒ–Šƒ”‹ƒ ȋ‡†•ǤȌ ȋʹͲͳͲȌǡ Intelligent Multimedia. Managing creative works in a digital worldǡ —”‘’‡ƒ ”‡••  ƒ†‡‹ —„Ž‹•Š‹‰Ǥ ‘—” ‹‡”ǡ ƒ‹°Ž‡Ǣ —Ž‘‰ †‡ ‘•ƒ›ǡ ±Žƒ‹‡ ȋ‡†•ǤȌ ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡ International Commons at the Digital Age. La création en partage,‘‹ŽŽƒ–Ǥ ”‘—••ƒ”†ǡ Šƒ”‡‡ Ǥ ȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍǡ The copyleft movement: creative commonslicensingǡ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘‡•‡ƒ” Š”‡†•Ǥ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀˆ‹†ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ǥ ‘Ȁ’Ȁƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ȁ‹̴͹ͲͺͳȀ‹•̴͵̴ʹ͸Ȁƒ‹̴ʹͺ Ͷͷ͹Ͷ͵Ͷǫ–ƒ‰α ‘–‡–Ǣ ‘ŽͳǤ Ž‹Ǧ‘”‡ǡ ‹˜ƒ ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍǡ Exploring Creative Commons: A SkepticalViewofaWorthyPursuitǡŠ‡ —–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡—„Ž‹  ‘ƒ‹ ȋǤ ‡”– —‰‡Š‘Ž–œ ƒ† — ‹‡ —‹„ƒ—Ž–ǡ ‡†•ǤȌǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ’ƒ’‡”•Ǥ••”Ǥ ‘Ȁ•‘Ž͵Ȁ’ƒ’‡”•Ǥ ˆǫƒ„•–”ƒ –̴‹†αͺͺͷͶ ͸͸Ǥ ‹–œ‰‡”ƒŽ†ǡ”‹ƒǡƒ† ƒ‹ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡFreeCulture:Cultivatingthe Creative CommonsǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ‡’”‹–•Ǥ“—–Ǥ‡†—Ǥƒ—Ȁƒ” Š‹˜‡ȀͲͲͲͲͲͳʹʹȀǤ ƒ”Ž‹ ǡ ‹ƒ ȋʹͲͲͷȌǡ  ‡˜‹‡™ ‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘• ƒ†  ‹‡ ‡‘‘• ‹‡–ƒ‡ǡ ‡”‘ ȋʹͲͲͺȌǡ The Pursuit of Efficient Copyright Licensing – HowSomeRightsReservedAttemptstoSolvethe ProblemsofAllRightsReservedǡŠ†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ƒ– Š––’•ǣȀȀ‘ƒǤ†‘”‹ƒǤˆ‹ȀŠƒ†Ž‡ȀͳͲͲʹͶȀͶʹ͹͹ͺǤ ƒ–œǡƒ Šƒ”›ȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍǡ PitfallsofOpenLicensing:AnAnalysisof CreativeCommonsLicensingǡͶ͸ ͵ͻͳǤ ‡••‹‰ǡ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ȋʹͲͲ͵Ȍǡ The Creative Commonsǡ Ž‘”‹†ƒ ƒ™ ‡˜‹‡™ͷͷǣ͹͸͵Ȃ͹͹͹Ǥ Simone Aliprandi – Creative Commons: a user guide - 115

‡••‹‰ǡƒ™”‡ ‡ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡTheCreativeCommon•ǡ͸ͷ‘–ǤǤ‡˜Ǥ ͳǤ ‡••‹‰ǡ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ȋʹͲͲͳȌǡ The future of ideasǡ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ–Š‡Ǧˆ—–—”‡Ǧ‘ˆǦ‹†‡ƒ•Ǥ ‘ȀǤ ‡••‹‰ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡ Free cultureǡ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥˆ”‡‡Ǧ —Ž–—”‡Ǥ Ȁˆ”‡‡ ‘–‡–ȀǤ ‡••‹‰ ƒ™”‡ ‡ ȋʹͲͲͺȌǡ Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid EconomyǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– ™™™Ǥƒ” Š‹˜‡Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ†‡–ƒ‹Ž•Ȁƒ™”‡ ‡‡••‹‰‡‹šǤ ƒ‘ ‹ŽŽǡ ‡Œƒ‹ ȋʹͲͲͷȌǡ Towards a Standard of Freedom: CreativeCommonsandtheFreeSoftwareMovementǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀƒ‘Ǥ Ȁ™”‹–‹‰Ȁ–‘™ƒ”†̴ƒ̴•–ƒ†ƒ”†̴‘ˆ̴ˆ”‡‡†‘ǤŠ–Ž Ǥ ‘••ǡ ‹Ž‡•ȋʹͲͲͷȌǡOntheCreativeCommons:ACritiqueofthe Commons Without Commonalityǡ ”‡‡ ‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡Ǥ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– ™™™Ǥˆ”‡‡•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ƒ‰ƒœ‹‡Ǥ ‘Ȁƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ȁ ‘‘•̴™‹–Š‘— –̴ ‘‘ƒŽ‹–›Ǥ ”Ž‘™•‹ǡ †”‡™ ȋʹͲͲͻȌǡ The Tragedy of the Creative CommonsǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀƒ†”‡™‘”Ž‘™•‹Ǥ ‘Ȁ–ƒ‰Ȁ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡Ǧ ‘‘•ȀǤ ƒŽŽƒ•‘”‡ǡ›†‹ƒȋʹͲͲ͹ȌǡBuildingaReliableSemicommonsof Creative Works: Enforcement of Creative Commons Licenses andLimitedAbandonmentofCopyright"Ǥ ‡‘”‰‡ƒ•‘ƒ™ ‡˜‹‡™ǡ ‘ŽǤ ͳͶǡ ’Ǥ ʹ͹ͳǤ ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ ƒ– Š––’ǣȀȀ••”Ǥ ‘Ȁƒ„•–”ƒ –αͻͷ͹ͻ͵ͻǤ ¡Ž‹¡‹ǡ ‹‘Ǣ ‹‡–ƒ‡ǡ ‡”‘ ȋʹͲͲͶȌǡ The Challenges of CreativeCommonsLicensingǡ‘’—–‡”ƒ™‡˜‹‡™ǡ‘Ž—‡ ͷǡ ••—‡͸Ǥ 116 - order your paper copy on www.aliprandi.org/cc-user-guide

WEBSITES Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰ȋ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ ™‡„•‹–‡ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ ȋ–Š‡Dz ”‡“—‡–Ž›ƒ•‡† “—‡•–‹‘•dz‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ™‡„’ƒ‰‡ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™‹‹Ǥ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁ‹†‡‘•ȋ˜‹†‡‘•ƒ„‘—– ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•Ǥ‘”‰Ȁƒ„‘—–ȀŠ‹•–‘”›Ȁȋ ‹•–‘”›‘ˆ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™ǤŽ‡••‹‰Ǥ‘”‰Ȁȋƒ™”‡ ‡‡••‹‰’‡”•‘ƒŽ™‡„•‹–‡ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ™‹‹’‡†‹ƒǤ‘”‰Ȁȋ–Š‡ˆƒ‘—•ˆ”‡‡‡ › Ž‘’‡†‹ƒǡ ’—„Ž‹•Š‡†™‹–Šƒ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ž‹ ‡•‡ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™ǤŒƒ‡†‘Ǥ ‘ȀȋƒŽƒ”‰‡ƒ” Š‹˜‡™Š‡”‡ƒ”–‹•–•ƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ›‘‡ –‘ †‘™Ž‘ƒ† ƒ† •Šƒ”‡ –Š‡‹” —•‹  —•‹‰  Ž‹ ‡•‡•ȌǤ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™ǤˆŽ‹ ”Ǥ ‘Ȁ ”‡ƒ–‹˜‡ ‘‘•ȋƒŽƒ”‰‡ƒ” Š‹˜‡™‹–Š ƒ›‹ƒ‰‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡Ž‹ ‡•‡†—†‡””‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ȍ Š––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ ‘’›Ž‡ˆ–Ǧ‹–ƒŽ‹ƒǤ‹–Ȁ ȋ –ƒŽ‹ƒ’”‘Œ‡ –‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹ †‹••‡‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ„‘—– ‘’›Ž‡ˆ–ƒ†”‡ƒ–‹˜‡‘‘•Ȍ