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Final Report of the Archaeological Recovery Program of a Portion of Prehistoric Site: CA-ALA-479, Union City, California

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Final Report of the Archaeological Recovery Program of a Portion of Prehistoric Site: CA-ALA-479, Union City, California Final Report on the Burial and Archaeological Data Recovery Program Conducted on a Portion of a Middle Period Ohlone Indian Cemetery, Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Sites: CA-SCL-287 and CA-SMA-263, Stanford University, California (Volume I) Report Prepared for Stanford University Prepared by: Alan Leventhal, Diane DiGiuseppe, Melynda Atwood, David Grant, Susan Morley, Rosemary Cambra, Dr. Les Field, Charlene Nijmeh, Monica V. Arellano, Susanne Rodriguez, Sheila Guzman-Schmidt, Gloria E. Gomez, and Norma Sanchez Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area Ohlone Families Consulting Services With Contributions by Dr. Brian Kemp and Cara Monroe, Department of Anthropology, WSU, Pullman Dr. Eric Bartelink, Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico Jean Geary, Department of Biology, San Jose State University January 2010 Table of Contents Chapter Page No. Table of Contents .................................................................................................................i List of Figures .......................................................................................................................iii List of Maps ........................................................................................................................xiv List of Tables ........................................................................................................................xv Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................xvii Dedication of the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Site Report to Muwekma Tribal Member and Council Member Susanne Rodriguez March 14, 1957 - May 15, 2009 ...........................................................................................xx Dedication of the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Site Report to the Ancestral Ohlones of the West Bay and to the Memory of Pedro Evencio and his Family....................................................................................................................................xxiv Chapter 1: Project Overview ..........................................................................................1-1 (Alan Leventhal, Rosemary Cambra, Norma Sanchez, and Diane DiGiuseppe) Chapter 2: Overview of Field Work and the Burial Recovery Program ...................2-1 (Alan Leventhal, Diane DiGiuseppe and Rosemary Cambra) Chapter 3: Burial Descriptions and Skeletal Biology: Inventory and Analysis ...............................................................................3-1 (Diane DiGiuseppe, David Grant, Melynda Atwood, Susan Morley, and Alan Leventhal) Chapter 4: Preliminary Report on the Extraction of Ancient DNA from CA-SCL-287/CA-SMA-263 .........................................................................4-1 (Cara Monroe, School of Biological Science, Washington State University, Pullman and Dr. Brian Kemp, Department of Anthropology Washington State University, Pullman) Chapter 5: Paleodietary Analysis of Human Remains from the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Sites: CA-SCL-287 and CA-SMA-263 ................................................................................................5-1 (Dr. Eric J. Bartelink, Department of Anthropology, Cal State University, Chico) i Table of Contents (continued) Chapter Page No. Chapter 6: Analysis of the Faunal Remains Associated with the Burials from Sites: CA-SCL-287 and CA-SMA-267 ..............................................6-1 (Jean Geary, Department of Biology, San Jose State University and Alan Leventhal) Chapter 7: Analysis of the Stone, Bone and Shell Artifacts from Yuki Kutsuimi w Šaatoš Inūx [Sand Hill Road] Site (CA-SCL-287/CA-SMA-263) ..........7-1 (Alan Leventhal and Diane DiGiuseppe) Chapter 8: Dating and Chronological Placement of the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Site ............................................................8-1 (Alan Leventhal and Rosemary Cambra) Chapter 9: An Ethnohistory of Santa Clara Valley and Adjacent Regions; Historic Ties of the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe of the San Francisco Bay Area and Tribal Oversight of the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw Site .........................................................................................9-1 (Rosemary Cambra, Alan Leventhal Monica V. Arellano, Susanne Rodriguez, Sheila Guzman Schmidt and Gloria Arellano Gomez) Chapter 10: "What Must It Have Been Like!" Critical Considerations of Pre-Contact Ohlone Cosmology as Interpreted Through Central California Ethnohistory...............................................................................10-1 (Les Field, Alan Leventhal, with Dolores Galvan Lameira, Rosemary Cambra, Hank Alvarez, and Sheila Guzman Schmidt) Chapter 11: Reburial of the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe’s Ancestral Remains from the Yuki Kutsuimi Šaatoš Inūxw [Sand Hill Road] Site ..................11-1 (R. Cambra, A. Leventhal, C. Nijmeh, N. Sanchez, and D. DiGiuseppe) References Cited...................................................................................................................R-1 Appendix A: Skeletal Inventory Sheets ............................................................................A-1 Appendix B: Distribution of Aves and Fauna by Recovery Context .............................B-1 Appendix C: Artifact Record Catalog ..............................................................................C-1 Appendix D: Result from the AMS Dating University of Arizona Laboratory ............D-1 Appendix E: Reburial Forms ............................................................................................E-1 ii List of Figures Figure No. Page No. Figure 1-1: Project Location Map: Site CA-SCL-287 and CA-SMA-263 ................1-5 Figure 2-1: Example of Tenting to Prevent Further Impacts to the Burials ............2-4 Figure 2-2: Illustration of Burial 00-1 ............................................................................2-5 Figure 2-3: Illustration of Burial 00-3 ............................................................................2-7 Figure 2-4: Photograph of Burial 01-1 in-situ ...............................................................2-8 Figure 2-5: Field Illustration of Burial 01-2 ..................................................................2-10 Figure 2-6: Photograph of Burial 01-3 ...........................................................................2-12 Figure 2-7: Burial 01-3 Haliotis rufescens (Pendant Fragment?) ................................2-13 Figure 2-8: Burial 01-3, Bone Awl Tip ...........................................................................2-13 Figure 2-9: Field Illustration of Burial 01-4 ..................................................................2-14 Figure 2-10: Tiny Franciscan Chert Bladelet Associated with Burial 01-4 ..................2-15 Figure 2-11: Close up of Right Metatarsals Reveals Charcoal, Baked Clay and a Fragment of Bird Bone on the Third and Fourth Metatarsals of Burial 01-4 ................................................................................................2-15 Figure 2-12: Burial 04-5 ....................................................................................................2-16 Figure 2-13: Burial 04-6 ....................................................................................................2-17 Figure 2-14: Bone Tool Recovered from Burial 04-6 .....................................................2-18 Figure 2-15: Olivella Type F3a Beads from Burial 04-6 .................................................2-18 Figure 2-16: Part of Cranium from Burial 04-7 Inside Boulder Mortar......................2-19 Figure 2-17: Burial 04-8 Impacted by Tree Root ............................................................2-20 Figure 2-18: Photograph of Burial 04-9 ...........................................................................2-21 Figure 2-19: Burial 04-10 Impacted by Tree Roots ........................................................2-22 iii List of Figures (continued) Figure No. Page No. Figure 2-20: Burial 04-11 ..................................................................................................2-23 Figure 2-21: Burial 04-12 ..................................................................................................2-23 Figure 2-22: Sidewall Containing Burial 04-13 and Tree Roots....................................2-24 Figure 2-23: Burial 04-14 Impacted by Tree Roots ........................................................2-25 Figure 2-24: Burial 04-15 ..................................................................................................2-26 Figure 2-25: C3 Split Oval Olivella Bead from Burial 04-15 .........................................2-26 Figure 2-26: Photograph of Burial 04-17/18 ....................................................................2-27 Figure 2-27: Burial 04-19 Showing Disturbances to Skeleton .......................................2-28 Figure 2-28: Burial 04-20 Showing Disturbances to Skeleton .......................................2-29 Figure 2-29: Burial 04-21 Impacts to the Skeleton by Tree Roots ................................2-30 Figure 2-30: Burial 04-22A ...............................................................................................2-31 Figure 2-31: Burial 04-22B ................................................................................................2-32 Figure 2-32: Photograph of Burial 04-23 .........................................................................2-33
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