DOCSLIB.ORG

How Much Information

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
How Much Information How much information? Chapters from the history of the accounting of information flows and knowledge stocks István Dienes - scientific advisor Cég-INFO Ltd., Budapest [email protected], http://free.x3.hu/infostat "How much information?" A question, which has been raised by electric engineers, mathematicians and the researchers studying the "information revolution" and "information society". In the present paper I outline the history of information accounting and provide an assessment of strengths and weaknesses of various approaches. 1. Chapters from the history of information accounting Chapter 1. Pioneers’ epoch It was Ithiel de Sola Pool and Inose, who were pioneering in the attempts to account information flows and knowledge stocks in a country, particularly in the U.S. and Japan [Pool 1984]. They introduced "production" and "consumption" of information and determined the value of these variables. As a unit of their measurements "word" was introduced. Empirical - and arbitrary - rules to express the the volume of various carriers in a common unit have been defined. While they accounted various carriers and carriers altogether, their tables can not be viewed as accounts as defined in book-keeping. Marc Uri Porat in his unical treatise on U.S. information economy has first provided a comrehensive economi view of all information activities of a country. Chapter 2 System of National Information Accounts - an effort in Budapest Lakoff's epochal works on metaphors [Lakoff] have revealed that language reflects "folk-psychology" of phenomena and processes: the world itself, as it is represented in our mind and brain. In English, Hungarian and in a number of other languages, information is a fluid; it has volume, it flows, can be produced, outputted, inputted or consumed, and it can be stored. Commodities and value, in an economic sense, also obey the rules governing the behavior of "fluids", this is why micro-, and macroeconomic accounts can be defined and applied worldwide both in book-keeping and economy. To explain, forecast and understand the behavior of fluids in a particular situation, the generic theory, the equations of heat and mass transfer should be adopted and applied. The theories concerning economic behavior of "information" that predict or declare that information can be consumed unless its volume in the process would change, contradict to the intuitive contents of the concept itself, which reflects in the word usage, and the traditional official statistics of information goods. An exact theory should be based upon solid concepts, operational measurement procedures in harmony with theory of transport processes. A standard system of standard accounts is needed to compare information-related phenomena in the countries of the world. In any particular measurement the conditions of the situation should be exactly determined and extrinsic quantities should be measured and introduced. It was the Japanese Planning Agency, which first has published bit-based figures for the "production" of information in Japan. Figures for Hungary, which have been compiled by the Poo1's method have been published by the present author: [Dienes92]. At the same time, in 1990 and 1991 the figures and methodology of information accounting have been reviewed and reconsidered. As a result, a new methodology, called SNIA, System of National Information Accounts, was developed, which is directly related to SNA's approach and concepts. Then, information balances of Hungary for the period 1945-1990 have been compiled [Dienes92].The political, practical and statistical considerations behind SNIA, as well as figures for Hungary, can be viewed at http//free.x3.hu/infostat. 2.1 Subjects and objects of the accounting in the SNIA Due to the new approach, any account of information should be in accordance with national accounts, both concerning concepts and figures. SNIA has been based upon the same fundamental general concepts as [SNA93]. These include actor, institutional unit, sector, good, service, commodity, economic transaction, economic stock, economic flow, account, balance. SNIA covers those subjects, objects, relations, acts, actions and activities which are subject to legal definition, require comprehensive treatment and can be subject to operationalization. The vary same concepts, however, have sometimes been interpreted in a wider environment to include events and objects that are beyond the present scopes of SNA, but seem to be important, and new concepts also were introduced. New integrated sectors; the main groups of social actors of information transactions, which are relevant to policy making, should also be added to those of SNA, to reflect real situation, phenomena and processes. SNIA classifies transactions by commodity. Information is understood here as something which forms or formed within (the brain of) either human or machine actors, or is represented in/on the goods/services outputted. Volume/amount of information carried by physically existing goods and services - in a standardized communication situation as defined here - is an attribute of goods and services which is very similar to extrinsic physical parameters. This interpretation seems to be in harmony with exact theories of information, such as Shannon's. The fundamental question of SNA is "Who does What by What means for What purpose with Whom in exchange for What with What changes in Stocks?" In accordance with this, an action is called an information flow if it leads to the change of information assets of participants. A transaction can be called an information transaction, if it implies the flow of information. There is a class of goods and services whose main function is just to convey/carry information, these are called information goods and services. Information goods do not include machines like computers, office and telecommunications devices; rather they include books, diskettes, records and a number of other durable media. The non-exhaustive list of main categories, in terms of which SNIA describes information phenomena, includes information-input, -output, -production (gross and information added), -consumption, -use, -asset, -accumulation, -capital, -stock, productive -consumption, -capital consumption, -export, -import and externalities. Unlike SNA, SNIA makes difference between use and consumption: while consumption assumes the annihilation of the good or service, its use does not. Almost the whole arsenal of macroeconomics is expected to be transformable to SNIA. The most outstanding difference between SNA and SNIA is in the way they valuate flows and stocks. While valuation of transactions in SNA has practically been based upon general substitutability for money, opportunity of exchange for money, SNIA provides the opportunity of vaulation based upon general substitutability of information-commodities for a digital record, opportunity of recording, exchange for a digital record. Accordingly, it is not information in SNIA, which is considered as resource or product, but goods (including non-durable signals) which carry/convey information. This is in agreement with SNA, where it is not "value" which is considered as a resource or product, but goods which have or carry value. Information interpreted in such manner, can be treated similarly to energy. Various versions of SNIA accounts involve the information that goods and services carry at "sensory" or at "perception" level. As an illustration of the several tables and figures, the Figure 1. shows output, consumption, of information commodities in Hungary in the period 1975-1990. So far, basic SNIA tables have been compiled in bit units. Most tables, particularly those concerning all information goods and services altogether, may be, and some actually were compiled in value units, either. These tables -- called twin tables -- show "information economy" in a commodity approach. These tables do not belong to the standard set of tables of SNA, for they contain figures for such a group of goods and services whose elements are scattered in a number of industries, group of kinds and group of services of standard SNA. This set of twin tables, however, may create a bridge, a direct linkage to SNA. Different interpretation of production, different asset and national boundaries make the correction of national SNA aggregates necessary. While SNIA has been designed for macro level analyses, its concepts and structure make it capable to treat other communication issues and situations either; as regional communication or communications among various communities and groups. These accounts do not organically belong to the SNIA as suggested. Chapter 3. A Standard Sytem of National Information Accounts - Budapest in Berkeley In the frames of a Fulbright scholarship at UC Berkeley, the present author has developed the Version 1.0 of SSNIA, a standard system of national information accounts, whose inputs are standard tables of international official statistics or statistics of international organisations. The objective of the system is to provide a comprehensive, multipurpose intellectual framework and vehicle (accounts, balance sheets, tables, based on a set of internationally agreed concepts, definitions, conventions, classifications and accounting rules) which is compatible with SNA. Hundreds of standard indicators are available in the system for the purposes of description and analysis. The framework should allow the governments, business groups and citizens to analyze and display the important and relevant individual
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Etir Code Lists
    eTIR Code Lists Code lists CL01 Equipment size and type description code (UN/EDIFACT 8155) Code specifying the size and type of equipment. 1 Dime coated tank A tank coated with dime. 2 Epoxy coated tank A tank coated with epoxy. 6 Pressurized tank A tank capable of holding pressurized goods. 7 Refrigerated tank A tank capable of keeping goods refrigerated. 9 Stainless steel tank A tank made of stainless steel. 10 Nonworking reefer container 40 ft A 40 foot refrigerated container that is not actively controlling temperature of the product. 12 Europallet 80 x 120 cm. 13 Scandinavian pallet 100 x 120 cm. 14 Trailer Non self-propelled vehicle designed for the carriage of cargo so that it can be towed by a motor vehicle. 15 Nonworking reefer container 20 ft A 20 foot refrigerated container that is not actively controlling temperature of the product. 16 Exchangeable pallet Standard pallet exchangeable following international convention. 17 Semi-trailer Non self propelled vehicle without front wheels designed for the carriage of cargo and provided with a kingpin. 18 Tank container 20 feet A tank container with a length of 20 feet. 19 Tank container 30 feet A tank container with a length of 30 feet. 20 Tank container 40 feet A tank container with a length of 40 feet. 21 Container IC 20 feet A container owned by InterContainer, a European railway subsidiary, with a length of 20 feet. 22 Container IC 30 feet A container owned by InterContainer, a European railway subsidiary, with a length of 30 feet. 23 Container IC 40 feet A container owned by InterContainer, a European railway subsidiary, with a length of 40 feet.
    [Show full text]
  • Breaking Through the Myths to Reality: a Future-Proof View Of
    Breaking Through the Myths to Reality A Future-Proof View of Fiber Optic Inspection and Cleaning Dear Viewer: As presented at BICSI® in February- 2018, this seminar has video and animations that Edward J. Forrest, Jr. are not available as a .pdf file. If you would like the RMS(RaceMarketingServices) original version, please contact BICSI or the author. Bringing Ideas Together Caution: This Presentation is going to be controversial! IT IS BASED ON 2,500 YEARS OF SCIENCE AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT 2 Fact OR FICTION of Fiber Optic Cleaning and Inspection This seminarWE WILL mayDISCUSS contradictAND currentDEFINE: trends ➢ There➢ Cleaningand are what OTHER you’ve is notWAYS been important…BESIDES taught. VIDEO ➢ ➢➢“Automatic99.9%Debris➢ ➢ExistingA “Reagent FiberonS Detection” CIENTIFICthe standards, Optic surface Grade” ConnectorR isEALITY of such“good Isopropanola fiber… as enough”.is optic a is IECconnector“Pass 61300Let’sanI NSPECTIONanythingeffective- Fail”separate- 3surface-35, is is bettereasy are Factsfiberto is “Best determine thantwoto from optic understand nothing!-dimensional Practice”Fiction cleaner What we’veTwoif the ( ALL-Dimensional connector) been taught/bought/soldand is Structure“clean” over the last 30+Myth yearsfrom may“diameter”. Scientific not be the same Reality thing! 3 Fact OR FICTION of Fiber Optic Cleaning and Inspection ➢ A Fiber Optic Connector is a Two-Dimensional Structure ➢ 99.9% “Reagent Grade” Isopropanol is an effective fiber optic cleaner ➢ Cleaning is not important… anything is better than nothing! ➢ There are OTHER WAYS BESIDES VIDEO INSPECTION to determine if the connector is “clean” ➢ Debris on the surface of a fiber optic connector surface is two-dimensional “diameter”. ➢ “Automatic Detection” is “good enough”.
    [Show full text]
  • File Organization and Management Com 214 Pdf
    File organization and management com 214 pdf Continue 1 1 UNESCO-NIGERIA TECHNICAL - VOCATIONAL EDUCATION REVITALISATION PROJECT-PHASE II NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY FILE Organization AND MANAGEMENT YEAR II- SE MESTER I THEORY Version 1: December 2 2 Content Table WEEK 1 File Concepts... 6 Bit:... 7 Binary figure... 8 Representation... 9 Transmission... 9 Storage... 9 Storage unit... 9 Abbreviation and symbol More than one bit, trit, dontcare, what? RfC on trivial bits Alternative Words WEEK 2 WEEK 3 Identification and File File System Aspects of File Systems File Names Metadata Hierarchical File Systems Means Secure Access WEEK 6 Types of File Systems Disk File Systems File Systems File Systems Transactional Systems File Systems Network File Systems Special Purpose File Systems 3 3 File Systems and Operating Systems Flat File Systems File Systems according to Unix-like Operating Systems File Systems according to Plan 9 from Bell Files under Microsoft Windows WEEK 7 File Storage Backup Files Purpose Storage Primary Storage Secondary Storage Third Storage Out Storage Features Storage Volatility Volatility UncertaintyAbility Availability Availability Performance Key Storage Technology Semiconductor Magnetic Paper Unusual Related Technology Connecting Network Connection Robotic Processing Robotic Processing File Processing Activity 4 4 Technology Execution Program interrupts secure mode and memory control mode Virtual Memory Operating Systems Linux and UNIX Microsoft Windows Mac OS X Special File Systems Journalized File Systems Graphic User Interfaces History Mainframes Microcomputers Microsoft Windows Plan Unix and Unix-like operating systems Mac OS X Real-time Operating Systems Built-in Core Development Hobby Systems Pre-Emptification 5 5 WEEK 1 THIS WEEK SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES To understand: The concept of the file in the computing concept, field, character, byte and bits in relation to File 5 6 6 Concept Files In this section, we will deal with the concepts of the file and their relationship.
    [Show full text]
  • Dictionary of Ibm & Computing Terminology 1 8307D01a
    1 DICTIONARY OF IBM & COMPUTING TERMINOLOGY 8307D01A 2 A AA (ay-ay) n. Administrative Assistant. An up-and-coming employee serving in a broadening assignment who supports a senior executive by arranging meetings and schedules, drafting and coordinating correspondence, assigning tasks, developing presentations and handling a variety of other administrative responsibilities. The AA’s position is to be distinguished from that of the executive secretary, although the boundary line between the two roles is frequently blurred. access control n. In computer security, the process of ensuring that the resources of a computer system can be accessed only by authorized users in authorized ways. acknowledgment 1. n. The transmission, by a receiver, of acknowledge characters as an affirmative response to a sender. 2. n. An indication that an item sent was received. action plan n. A plan. Project management is never satisfied by just a plan. The only acceptable plans are action plans. Also used to mean an ad hoc short-term scheme for resolving a specific and well defined problem. active program n. Any program that is loaded and ready to be executed. active window n. The window that can receive input from the keyboard. It is distinguishable by the unique color of its title bar and window border. added value 1. n. The features or bells and whistles (see) that distinguish one product from another. 2. n. The additional peripherals, software, support, installation, etc., provided by a dealer or other third party. administrivia n. Any kind of bureaucratic red tape or paperwork, IBM or not, that hinders the accomplishment of one’s objectives or goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Wiley Networking Council Series
    Y L F M A E T Brought to you by Team FLY® Team-Fly® Page i High-Speed Networking A Systematic Approach to High-Bandwidth Low-Latency Communication Page ii This page intentionally left blank. Page iii High-Speed Networking A Systematic Approach to High-Bandwidth Low-Latency Communication James P.G. Sterbenz and Joseph D. Touch with contributions from Julio Escobar Rajesh Krishnan Chunming Qiao technical editor A. Lyman Chapin Page iv Publisher: Robert Ipsen Editor: Carol A. Long Assistant Editor: Adaobi Obi Managing Editor: Gerry Fahey Text Design & Composition: UG / GGS Information Services, Inc. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. In all instances where John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or ALL CAPITAL LETTERS. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information regarding trademarks and registration. Copyright © 2001 by James P.G. Sterbenz and Joseph D. Touch. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per- copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4744. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158-0012, (212) 850-6011, fax (212) 850-6008, E-Mail: PERMREQ @ WILEY.COM.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 1: Data Storage
    Chapter 1: Data Storage 1.1 Bits and Their Storage 1.2 Main Memory 1.3 Mass Storage 1.4 Representing Information as Bit Patterns 1.5 The Binary System 1.6 Storing Integers 1.7 Storing Fractions 1.8 Data Compression 1.9 Communication Errors 1 Computer == 0 and 1 ? Hmm…every movie says so…. Chapter 2 2 Why I can’t see any 0 and 1 when opening up a computer?? Chapter 2 3 What’s really in the computer With the help of an oscilloscope (示波器) Chapter 2 4 HIGH Bits LOW Bit Binary Digit The basic unit of information in a computer A symbol whose meaning depends on the application at hand. Numeric value (1 or 0) Boolean value (true or false) Voltage (high or low) For TTL, high=5V, low=0V 5 More bits? kilobit (kbit) 103 210 megabit (Mbit) 106 220 gigabit (Gbit) 109 230 terabit (Tbit) 1012 240 petabit (Pbit) 1015 250 exabit (Ebit) 1018 260 zettabit (Zbit) 1021 270 6 Bit Patterns All data stored in a computer are represented by patterns of bits: Numbers Text characters Images Sound Anything else… 7 Now you know what’s a ‘bit’, and then? How to ‘compute’ bits? How to ‘implement’ it ? How to ‘store’ bit in a computer? Chapter 2 8 How to do computation on Bits? Chapter 2 9 Boolean Operations Boolean operation any operation that manipulates one or more true/false values (e.g. 0=true, 1=false) Can be used to operate on bits Specific operations AND OR XOR NOT 10 AND, OR, XOR 11 Implement the Boolean operation on a computer Chapter 2 12 Gates Gates devices that produce the outputs of Boolean operations when given
    [Show full text]
  • Engilab Units 2018 V2.2
    EngiLab Units 2021 v3.1 (v3.1.7864) User Manual www.engilab.com This page intentionally left blank. EngiLab Units 2021 v3.1 User Manual (c) 2021 EngiLab PC All rights reserved. No parts of this work may be reproduced in any form or by any means - graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or information storage and retrieval systems - without the written permission of the publisher. Products that are referred to in this document may be either trademarks and/or registered trademarks of the respective owners. The publisher and the author make no claim to these trademarks. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this document, the publisher and the author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of information contained in this document or from the use of programs and source code that may accompany it. In no event shall the publisher and the author be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damage caused or alleged to have been caused directly or indirectly by this document. "There are two possible outcomes: if the result confirms the Publisher hypothesis, then you've made a measurement. If the result is EngiLab PC contrary to the hypothesis, then you've made a discovery." Document type Enrico Fermi User Manual Program name EngiLab Units Program version v3.1.7864 Document version v1.0 Document release date July 13, 2021 This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents V Table of Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to EngiLab Units 1 1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Data Storage
    Chapter 1: Data Storage 1.1 Bits and Their Storage 1.2 Main Memory 1.3 Mass Storage 1.4 Representing Information as Bit Patterns 1.5 The Binary System 1.6 Storing Integers 1.7 Storing Fractions 1.8 Data Compression 1.9 Communication Errors 1 HIGH Bits LOW Bit Binary Digit A symbol whose meaning depends on the application at hand. Numeric value (1 or 0) Boolean value (true or false) Voltage (high or low) For TTL, high=5V, low=0V 2 More bits? kilobit (kbit) 103 210 megabit (Mbit) 106 220 gigabit (Gbit) 109 230 terabit (Tbit) 1012 240 petabit (Pbit) 1015 250 exabit (Ebit) 1018 260 zettabit (Zbit) 1021 270 3 Bit Patterns All data stored in a computer are represented by patterns of bits: Numbers Text characters Images Sound Anything else… 4 Boolean Operations Boolean operation any operation that manipulates one or more true/false values Can be used to operate on bits Specific operations AND OR XOR NOT 5 AND, OR, XOR 6 Gates Gates devices that produce the outputs of Boolean operations when given the operations‟ input values Often implemented as electronic circuits Provide the building blocks from which computers are constructed 7 AND, OR, XOR, NOT Gates Chapter 2 8 INPUT OUTPUT A B A NAND B NAND 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 NOR 1 1 0 XNOR 9 10 Store the bit What do we mean by „storing‟ the data? Bits in the computer at the i th second = Bits in the computer at the (i + 1) th second For example If the current state of the bit is „1‟, it should be still „1‟ at the next second 11 Flip-Flops Flip-Flop a circuit built from gates that can store one bit of data Two input lines One input line sets its stored value to 1 Another input line sets its stored value to 0 When both input lines are 0, the most recently stored value is preserved 12 Flip-Flops Illustrated X Y Z X Z 0 0 -- 0 1 0 Flip-Flop 1 0 1 Y 1 1 * 13 A Simple Flip-Flop Circuit 14 Setting to 1 – Step a.
    [Show full text]
  • File Organization & Management
    1 UNESCO -NIGERIA TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL EDUCATION REVITALISATION PROJECT -PHASE II NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY File Organization and Management YEAR II- SE MESTER I THEORY Version 1: December 2008 1 2 Table of Contents WEEK 1 File Concepts .................................................................................................................................6 Bit: . .................................................................................................................................................7 Binary digit .....................................................................................................................................8 Representation ...............................................................................................................................9 Transmission ..................................................................................................................................9 Storage ............................................................................................................................................9 Storage Unit .....................................................................................................................................9 Abbreviation and symbol ............................................................................................................ 10 More than one bit ......................................................................................................................... 11 Bit, trit,
    [Show full text]
  • 1 © 2010 Cisco And/Or Its Aliates. All Rights Reserved
    © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. 1 100G and beyond Bogdan Zapca Consulting Systems Engineer, [email protected] © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2 • Some opinions presented here are personal • During the presentation things like blunt approach, rude and/or o"ensive language may appear © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3 • Where we are • 40G and 100G today and tomorrow • Quo Vadis? • Beyond 100G © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4 Where are we? © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5 • In 2012, Half a Zettabyte (1021) Will Cross the Global Network • Services converging on IP Peer to peer Voice Video broadcast and VoD Over the top providers Video conferencing “According to the annual survey of the global digital output by International Data Corporation, the total amount of global data was expected to pass 1.2 zettabytes sometime during 2010. This is equivalent to the amount of data that would be generated by everyone in the world posting messages on the microblogging site Twitter continuously for a century.” - Wikipedia © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6 • Anybody measuring tra!c? (i.e. Do you really know what is passing over your network?) • Does your tra!c grow 300% / year? • What do you need /plan to use 40G or 100G? © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7 40G and 100G today and tomorrow Slides from Alessandro Cavaciuti Manager, Engineering – Transceiver Module Group © 2010 Cisco and/or its a!liates.
    [Show full text]
  • Mh4718 Week 2 Week 2
    Pat O'Sullivan Mh4718 Week 2 Week 2 0.0.0.1 Scientific Notation. Scientific notation, also known as standard form or as exponential notation, is a way of writing numbers that accommodates values too large or small to be conveniently written in standard decimal nota- tion. Scientific notation has a number of useful properties and is often favored by scientists, mathematicians and engineers, who work with such numbers. In scientific notation all numbers are written in the form: a × 10b where the exponent b is an integer, and the coefficient a is any real number (but see normalized notation below), called the significand or mantissa If the number is negative then a minus sign precedes a (as in ordinary decimal nota- tion). Any given number can be written in the form of a10b in many ways; for exam- ple 350 can be written as 3:5 × 102 or 35 × 101 or 350 × 100 In normalized scientific notation, the exponent b is chosen such that 1 ≤ jaj < 10. For example, 350 is written as 3:5 × 102. This form allows easy comparison of two numbers of the same sign in a, as the exponent b gives the number's order of magnitude. Note that 0 itself cannot be written in normalised scientific notation since the mantissa would have to be zero and the exponent undefined. 1 2 Mh4718 Numerical Analysis Ordinary decimal notation Scientific notation (normalized) 300 3 × 102 4,000 4 × 103 5,720,000,000 5:72 × 109 0.0000000061 6:1 × 109 Example 0.1 Base ten: • 2318 = 2:318 × 103.
    [Show full text]
  • The 2015 SNIA Dictionary Was Underwritten by the Generous Contributions Of
    The 2015 SNIA Dictionary was underwritten by the generous contributions of: If your organization is a SNIA member and is interested in sponsoring the 2016 edition of this dictionary, please contact [email protected]. 4360 ArrowsWest Drive Colorado Springs, CO 80907 719.694.1380 www.snia.org SNIA acknowledges and thanks its Voting Member Companies: Cisco Computerworld Cryptsoft Cygate DDN Dell EMC Emulex Evaluator Group Flexstar Fujitsu Hitachi HP Huawei IBM Intel Macrosan Microsoft NetApp NTP Software Oracle Pure Storage QLogic Samsung Toshiba XIO Voting members as of 3.23.15 Storage Networking Industry Association Your Connection Is Here Welcome to the Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA). Our mission is to lead the storage industry worldwide in developing and promoting standards, technologies, and educational services to empower organizations in the management of information. Made up of member companies spanning the global storage market, the SNIA connects the IT industry with end-to-end storage and information management solutions. From vendors, to channel partners, to end users, SNIA members are dedicated to providing the industry with a high level of knowledge exchange and thought leadership. An important part of our work is to deliver vendor-neutral and technology-agnostic information to the storage and data management industry to drive the advancement of IT technologies, standards, and education programs for all IT professionals. For more information visit: www.snia.org The Storage Networking Industry Association 4360 ArrowsWest Drive Colorado Springs, Colorado 80907, U.S.A. +1 719-694-1380 The 2015 SNIA Dictionary A glossary of storage networking, data, and information management terminology by the Storage Networking Industry Association The SNIA Dictionary contains terms and definitions related to storage and other information technologies, and is the storage networking industry's most comprehensive attempt to date to arrive at a common body of terminology for the technologies it represents.
    [Show full text]