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Estampe Galante URING the Reigns of the Louis' XV (1715-74) and XVI (1774-93)

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Estampe Galante URING the Reigns of the Louis' XV (1715-74) and XVI (1774-93) IT Lxt/<vtQ<ati& of LINE ENGRAVINGS cy /-ne iJeisi/he-Q)* •n^i <Z\l&l6 XVII CENTURY JLisie Q)*,ruiy'ui \l&t<s <//& _TH XVIII*" CENTURY E8TAHPE i.»AOE GAIXANTE GALLERIES OF M. KNOEDLER & CO, 556-558 FIFTH AI/ENUE, near 46th St. NOVEMBER 29th to DECEMBER nth INCLUSIVE 1915 ARTISTS AND ENGRAVERS MENTIONED INi THIS CATALOG WITH THE DATE OF BIRTH AND DEATH AS NEAR AS POSSIBLE. FRANCOIS-GERMAIN ALIAMET 1734-1790 Worked in conjunction with Moreau le jeune PIERRE-AXTOIXE BAUDOUIN 1723-1769 PHILIPPE DE CHAMPAIGNE 1602-1674 PIERRK-I'lilLIPPE CHOFFARD 1730-1809 JACQUES COUCHfi 1750-? JEAN DAMBRUN 1741- ? JEAN DAULLE 1703-1763 FRANCOIS DEQUEVAUVILLER ?-after 1784 NICOLAS DE LAUNAY 1739-1793 Pupil of Lempereur ROBERT DE LAUNAY 1754-1814 JEAN LOUIS DELIGNON Date ? Pupil of N. de Launay PIERRE DREVET 1663-1738 3 ANTOINE-JEAN DUCLOS 1742- ? GERARD EDELINCK 1640-1707 ETIENNE FIQUET 1719-1794 HONORE FRAGONARD 1732-1806 CHARLES ETIENNE GAUCHER 1741-1804 J. F. GUILLIBAUD HENRI GUTTENBERG 1745-1793 about NICOLAS HABERT Born about 1650-? LOUIS-MICHEL HALBOU 1730 d. after 1792 ISIDORE-STANISLAS HELMAN 1742-1806 ROBERT-FRANCOIS INGOUF LE JEUNE 1747-1812 D. KLEIN Probably born in Danzic where his father died in 1744 VINCENT MARIE L'ANGLOIS LE JEUNE ? LAMBERT OR LEBERT Second half of XVIIIth Century 4 NICOLAS LAVREINCE His name will be found spelled in many different ways upon prints. His real Swedish name was Nicolas Lafrensen; he was born in Stockholm, Oc­ tober, 1737, and died in the same city the 6th of De­ cember. 1807. His pictures, principally in Gouache, were scenes in the boudoir—they were much in de­ mand, holding an exalted position among the artists of l'age gallant. FERDINAND LE VIEUX. (His real name was Louis Elle.) 1612-1689 JACQUES-PHILIPPE LE BAS 1707-1783 CHARLES LE BRUN 1619-1690 PETER LELY (born Peter van der Faes) 1618-1680 GORGES MALBESTE 1754- ? PIERRE-ANTOINE MARTINI 1739-1800 Pupil of Le Bas MADELEINE MASSON About 1660; living 1711 AXTOIXE MASSON 1636-1700 NICOLAS MIGNARD 1605 or 8-1668 PIERRE MIGNARD 1610-1695 JEAN-MICHEL MOREAU (known as Moreau le jeune) 1741-1814 ' 5 ROBERT NANTEUIL 1623 or 30-1678 JEAN-BAPTISTE PATAS 1748-1817 HYACINTHE RIGAUD 1659-1743 ANTOINE LOUIS ROMANET 1748-1781 AUGUSTIN DE SAINT-AUBIN 1736-1807 JEAN-BAPTISTE SIMONET 1742-1810 LAURENT DU SOUR N. THOMAS ? d. after 1783 LOUIS TOQUfi 1696-1772 ROBERT TOURNIERES 1668-1752 FRANCOIS DE TROY 1645-1730 GIRARD VIDAL 1742-1804 FERDINAND VOET 17th Century Flemish Painter who settled in Rome, where he painted from 1640-1691 and was appointed to the Pontificial Court. NICOLAS JOSEPH VOYEZ L'AINfi 1742-after 1783 JEAN-GEORGE WILLE 1715-1807 6 Robert Nanteuil HE French School of portrait en­ graving began about 1625 and con­ tinued without a break clown to the Revolution. With the exception of the English School of mezzotint, no other school of engraving can ap­ proach this lifetime of nearly two centuries. It was the most important in Europe. It had supplanted the Dutch and German etchers and engravers. France had for a long time lacked artist- engravers ; they had never before, nor have they since, occupied such a high position. It is most remarkable that line engraving should have superseded the great etchings of Rembrandt and other masters, but such was the case. This peculiar phase of art owed its naissance and life to Robert Nanteuil, b. 1623 or 1630 d. 1678. He was the real founder of the dynasty of French portrait engravers; he was the one who developed it and set it firmly on his throne. Like many men who have made their mark in a field entirely opposite to the one which their parents had planned for them, for Robert's father was a merchant of Rheims who edu­ cated him for a lawyer; his inclination, however, turned to drawing; he became acquainted with an en- 7 graver of Rheims, viz.: Nicolas Regnesson, who taught him the rudiments of the profession. Inci­ dentally he married in 1647 Regnesson's daughter. The plates engraved at this period partake of the style of Claude Mellan, a painter-engraver, who lived from 1598-1688. Nanteuil's first portraits were done in 1648, the year he came to Paris. A word relating to the artist Mellan. He was one of the first to intro­ duce the frame inclosing the engraved portrait. The artist who perfected the frame was Robert Nanteuil. This became almost as important as the character of the subject, either made simple or elaborate—never to detract from the portrait. From 1648 he practically confined himself to por­ traiture and almost immediately became the foremost portrait engraver in France, remaining so until his death. At the beginning of his career he had no rivals. The first to appear were his own pupils. Nan­ teuil, however, had a great advantage over them, be­ ing able to limn his own likeness with pencil or crayon, while rnost of his competitors' translations were from works done by other artists. He gained such a repu­ tation even by 1650 that the King, Louis XIV ( granted at his request the famous Edict of St. Jean-de-Luz, which raised the status of engraving from a "me­ chanical" to a "liberal" art, so that in the official eye, engravers became artists instead of artisans. In ad­ dition, the King soon gave Nanteuil a gift of a hun- 8 dred louis and created in his favour the charge of "Graveur et Dessinateur du Cabinet du roi" with a pension of 1,000 livres a year and a "logement" at the Gobelins. He was allowed to draw the King's por­ trait several times, as well as the royal family, and was commissioned to engrave the King's portrait no less than eleven times. No such honour had ever been shown to any engraver in France. With all these honours showered upon him, he had no ambition, ex­ cept for his art. From the first he found pleasure with the rich bourgeoisie who received him with open arms, and from whom he received most of his sitters. He had produced enough of the noblesse, but it was with the Parisian "haute bourgeoisie"—lawyers, judges, the clergy, writers, poets and doctors of the Sarbonne— that most of his life was passed. Robert Dumesnil says "II aimait les lettres et la societe, et menait, comme l'a dit un ecrivian, la douce vie." It is said that he spent most of his large earnings in his "douce vie," and died when a little over 50 years of age. 0 Catalog NANTEUIL'S WORK Practically only portraits—in these only heads and busts. The head is never shown in profile and rarely in direct full- face: nearly always in three-quarters. All his attention is centered in the expression of character by the head; there is no question about their being wonderfully like the people. He was the artist-engraver par excellence of portraiture in all times. (R. D. stands for Robert Dumesnil.) i. SIMON ARNAULD, MARQUIS DE POMPONNE, MIN- ISTRE D'ETAT. R.D. 24 Engraved in 1675 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Third state. He was Foreign Minister under Louis XIV and a friend of Mme. de Sevigne. 2. FRANCOIS DE VENDOSME, Due DE BEAUFORT ET PAIR DE FRANCE. R.D. 33 Nocroit, Pinxit (the name of the artist should be Nocret). Nantueil, Sculpebat. Second state. 4. EMMANUEL-THEODOSE DE LA TOUR D'AUVERGNE, CARDINAL DE BOUILLON. R.D. 51 Engraved in 1668 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. First state. Connu sous le titre de Due d'Albret est rep- resente comme Docteur en Sorbonne et Abbe de Clugny. 10 5. FRANCOIS DE BONNE, MARECHAL DE CREQUI. R.D. 8I Engraved in 1662 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Second state. 6. JEAN-LOUIS-CHARLES D'ORLEANS-LONGUEVILLE, COMTE DE DUNOIS. FERDINAND, PINXIT. R. Natueil Sculpebat, !66o. R.D. 86 Only state. 7. PIERRE GASSENDI, PREVOT DE L'EGLISE DE DIGNE EN PROVENCE ET HOMME DE LETTRES. R.D. 101 Engraved in 1658 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. First state. 8. PIERRE JEANNIN, SURINTENDENT DES FINANCES, PRESIDENT AU PARLEMENT DE BOURGOGNE. R.D. 112 Engraved in 1656 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Only state. 9. MARIN- CUREAU DE LA CHAMBRE, MEDECIN DU Ro'- R.D. 116 Engraved in from Nanteuil's own design from life. Third state. 11 GUILLAUME DE LAMOIGN0N, PREMIER PRESIDENT DU PARLEMENT DE PARIS. R.D. 119 Engraved in 1659 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. First state. MICHEL LE TELLIER, MINISTRE D'ETAT, PUIS CHANCELIER ET GARDE DES SCEAUX DE FRANCE. R.D. 135 Engraved in 1661 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Second state. CHARLES-MAURICE LE TELLIER, ARCHEVEQUE DE REIMS (Son of Michel). R.D. 138 Engraved in 1663 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Only state. DOMINIQUE DE LEIGNY, £VEQUE DE MEAUX. R.D. 145 Engraved in 1661 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. Only state. HENRI-AUGUSTE DE LOMENIE DE BRIENNE, SEC­ RETAIRE D'ETAT. RD. 148 Engraved in 1660 from Nanteuil's own de­ sign from life. First state. 12 MARIE-JEANNE-BAPT1STE DE SA VOIE-N EMOU RS NO. 15 THIS CATALOGUE 15- MARIE-JEANNE-BAPTISTE DE SAVOIE-NEMOURS, DUCHESSE DE SAVOIE R.D. 169 Laurent du Sour, pinxit. Robert Nanteuil, Sculp., 1678. First state. Robert Nanteuil's engravings of women are extremely rare. l6. LEONOR GOYON DE MATIGNON, llVEGUE DE COU- TANCES, PUIS DE LlSIEUX.
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