Seminary Ridge Review is published twice per year by the Seminary Ridge Press at Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg. SEMINARY RIDGE REVIEW ISSN 1526-0674 SPRING, 2017 I VOLUME 19, NUMBER 2 © 2017 by Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg. Subscriptions are free to libraries of theological and divinity schools and to Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg alumni/æ. Individual copies are available for $9 per issue (includes domestic postage). Contact: Seminary Ridge Press Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg 61 Seminary Ridge Gettysburg, PA 17325 www.seminaryridgereview.org Seminary Ridge Review is a scholarly journal offering perspectives which highlight the history and theology of the Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg, eastern Lutheranism and issues that emerge in the cross-currents of theological and cultural debates. Editor: The Rev. Dr. Brooks Schramm
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[email protected] Printed by The Sheridan Press in Hanover, Pennsylvania. Typeset by Phil Wolfe Graphic Design. On the cover: A plaster cast of Sarah Hempel Irani’s “St. Joseph, the Carpenter” sits at the Griffin Art Center where she has her studio in Frederick, Maryland. The original marble sculpture for which the cast was made is located at Our Lady of Mercy Catholic Church in Potomac, Maryland. Reproduced with permission of the artist. Visit www.hempelstudios.com. CONTENTS