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Alcohol: Reducing the Harm and Curbing the Culture of Excess

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Alcohol: Reducing the Harm and Curbing the Culture of Excess EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE ALCOHOL: REDUCING THE HARM AND CURBING THE CULTURE OF EXCESS Report No. 10 in the 38th Parliament 2011 Published by the Legislative Assembly, Parliament of Western Australia, Perth, June 2011. Printed by the Government Printer, State Law Publisher, Western Australia. Education and Health Standing Committee Alcohol: Reducing the Harm and Curbing the Culture of Excess ISBN: 978-1-921865-12-1 (Series: Western Australia. Parliament. Legislative Assembly. Committees. Education and Health Standing Committee. Report 10) 328.365 99-0 Copies available from: State Law Publisher 10 William Street PERTH WA 6000 Telephone: (08) 9321 7688 Facsimile: (08) 9321 7536 Email: [email protected] Copies available on-line: www.parliament.wa.gov.au EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE ALCOHOL: REDUCING THE HARM AND CURBING THE CULTURE OF EXCESS Report No. 10 Presented by: Dr J.M. Woollard, MLA Laid on the Table of the Legislative Assembly on 23 June 2011 EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE COMMITTEE MEMBERS Chairman Dr J.M. Woollard, MLA Member for Alfred Cove Deputy Chairman Mr P. Abetz, MLA Member for Southern River Members Ms L.L. Baker, MLA Member for Maylands Mr I.C. Blayney, MLA Member for Geraldton (until 24 March 2011) Hon Dr G.G. Jacobs, MLA Member for Eyre (from 24 March 2011) Mr P.B. Watson, MLA Member for Albany COMMITTEE STAFF Principal Research Officer Dr David Worth, PhD, MBA Research Officer Mr Michael Burton, BEc, BA (Hons) (from 21 June to 30 June 2010) Ms Renée Gould, BA, PGDip.A(PW) (from 1 July 2009 to 30 October 2009) Mr Timothy Hughes, BA (Hons) (until 27 May 2010) Ms Alice Jones, BA (Comm. St.) (Hons) (from 23 July 2010 to 3 August 2010) Mr John Seal-Pollard, BA (Hons) (from 5 August to 20 August 2010) Ms Lucy Roberts, BA (Hons), Grad Cert (Arts) (from 23 August 2010) - i - EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE COMMITTEE ADDRESS Education and Health Standing Committee Legislative Assembly Tel: (08) 9222 7494 Parliament House Fax: (08) 9222 7804 Harvest Terrace Email: [email protected] PERTH WA 6000 Website: www.parliament.wa.gov.au - ii - EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE TABLE OF CONTENTS COMMITTEE MEMBERS ................................................................................................................................ i COMMITTEE STAFF........................................................................................................................................ i COMMITTEE ADDRESS ................................................................................................................................ ii COMMITTEE’S FUNCTIONS AND POWERS............................................................................................ vii INQUIRY TERMS OF REFERENCE ............................................................................................................. ix CHAIRMAN’S FOREWORD.......................................................................................................................... xi ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................................... xvii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ xxi FINDINGS.................................................................................................................................................... xxxi RECOMMENDATIONS................................................................................................................................. xli MINISTERIAL RESPONSE.......................................................................................................................... lvii CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW OF THE IMPACT OF ALCOHOL ON WESTERN AUSTRALIANS ............. 1 1.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................. 1 (a) A major problem for the State............................................................................................... 1 (b) Lack of State Government action.......................................................................................... 6 (c) Summary of proposed solutions............................................................................................ 7 (d) Need to address the State’s drinking culture......................................................................... 8 (e) Establishing a long-term target ............................................................................................. 9 1.2 BACKGROUND TO THE INQUIRY ................................................................................................. 10 1.3 COSTS TO THE STATE FROM CURRENT ALCOHOL DRINKING RATES ............................... 11 1.4 HEALTH IMPACTS OF ALCOHOL.................................................................................................. 15 (a) Previous reports................................................................................................................... 15 (b) Recent evidence of health impact........................................................................................ 16 (c) The perceived ‘positive’ health impacts of wine drinking .................................................. 19 (d) Impact on developing brains ............................................................................................... 20 (e) Population-wide focus required .......................................................................................... 22 1.5 POWERFUL INDUSTRY STAKEHOLDERS ................................................................................... 26 (a) Overview............................................................................................................................. 26 (b) Political influence................................................................................................................ 28 (c) Glassing debate- a case study.............................................................................................. 30 1.6 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS TO LOWER DRINKING RATES ...................................................... 32 1.7 COMPARISON OF CONSUMPTION RATES................................................................................... 33 (a) International rates................................................................................................................ 33 (b) Australian rates ................................................................................................................... 34 1.8 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN CONSUMPTION RATES...................................................................... 35 (a) Overview............................................................................................................................. 35 (b) High regional rates of consumption .................................................................................... 37 (c) School student drinking....................................................................................................... 40 (d) Older youth ‘binge drinking’............................................................................................... 44 CHAPTER 2 LEGISLATIVE CHANGES TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE LIQUOR CONTROL ACT 1988 ................................................................................................................... 49 2.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................ 49 2.2 PRIMARY OBJECT OF THE ACT SHOULD BE PUBLIC HEALTH.............................................. 52 (a) Public health approach to alcohol ....................................................................................... 52 (b) Objects of alcohol legislation in other jurisdictions............................................................ 52 (c) Objects of Western Australia’s Act..................................................................................... 56 2.3 DEFINITION OF ‘DRUNK’ IN THE ACT......................................................................................... 58 (a) Current definition................................................................................................................ 58 (b) Other jurisdictions............................................................................................................... 59 (c) Recent difficulties with the current definition..................................................................... 61 2.4 ACT NOT TO APPLY IN CERTAIN CASES .................................................................................... 62 - iii - EDUCATION AND HEALTH STANDING COMMITTEE 2.5 RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE ACT...................................................62 (a) The Auditor General’s 2011 report......................................................................................63 (b) The role of the Police...........................................................................................................64 2.6 ENFORCEMENT AND PROSECUTIONS UNDER THE ACT .........................................................65 2.7 UNDERTAKING CONTROLLED PURCHASING OPERATIONS ..................................................67 (a) Request from the Police Commissioner...............................................................................68
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