Développement Durable Et Territoires, Vol. 10

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Développement Durable Et Territoires, Vol. 10 Développement durable et territoires Économie, géographie, politique, droit, sociologie Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 Objets techniques et cycle hydrosocial/Foncier rural en Méditerranée Technical objects and the hydrosocial cycle/Rural land tenure in the Mediterranean Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/developpementdurable/14946 DOI : 10.4000/developpementdurable.14946 ISSN : 1772-9971 Éditeur Association DD&T Référence électronique Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019, « Objets techniques et cycle hydrosocial/Foncier rural en Méditerranée » [En ligne], mis en ligne le 20 décembre 2019, consulté le 12 janvier 2021. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/developpementdurable/14946 ; DOI : https:// doi.org/10.4000/developpementdurable.14946 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 12 janvier 2021. Développement Durable et Territoires est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d’Utilisation Commerciale 4.0 International. 1 SOMMAIRE Éditorial Un vendredi pas comme les autres… Olivier Petit Les objets techniques au prisme du cycle hydrosocial Les objets techniques au prisme du cycle hydrosocial : renouveaux théoriques et empiriques Marie-Anne Germaine, David Blanchon, Élise Temple-Boyer et Rhoda Fofack-Garcia « Think of your house as a watershed ! » La récupération des eaux de pluie à Tucson, en Arizona : vers la diversification de l’approvisionnement en eau dans le Sud-Ouest étasunien ? Anne-Lise Boyer et Yves-François Le Lay « Do we really need a dam ? » Le conflit lié au barrage Gordon-below-Franklin (Tasmanie, Australie) ou la redéfinition d’un cycle hydrosocial ? Silvia Flaminio Les « techniques alternatives » sont-elles envisagées comme un outil de gestion qualitative des eaux pluviales ? Analyse des discours des acteurs de la gestion sur le territoire du Grand Lyon Émeline Comby, Anne Rivière-Honegger, Marylise Cottet, Sébastien Ah-Leung et Nina Cossais Dialectiques hydrosociales à l’épreuve. Décrypter la dimension politique d’objets techniques utilisés pour l’irrigation au Népal Romain Valadaud et Olivia Aubriot Les infrastructures hydrauliques et la maîtrise de l’eau en Crau : de la production de l’abondance à la gestion de la rareté Brice Auvet Un compteur « intelligent » pour mesurer les usages de l’eau : l’entrée en scène d’une nouvelle connaissance Anne-Laure Collard, Patrice Garin et Marielle Montginoul Quand « l’eau, c’est le lien » : suivre l’évolution des réseaux d’eau pour éclairer les pratiques et les transformations sociales dans les tribus kanak Caroline Lejars, Séverine Bouard, Catherine Sabinot et Charline Nékiriaï Ouvrir ou fermer les bouches d’incendie ? Des enjeux technico-économiques aux enjeux sociaux Solène David, Jean-Pierre Revéret et Agathe Euzen Le projet de désalinisation à Lima : des enjeux territoriaux à la transition socio-technique du secteur de l’eau Fanny Bertossi et Jérémy Robert Dispositifs techniques de la micro-hydroélectricité et reconfiguration d’un territoire touristique de haute montagne (région de l’Everest, Népal) Véronique André-Lamat et Isabelle Sacareau Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 2 Sous les gölet, les forages. Infrastructures d’irrigation et trajectoires des territoires de l’eau dans la région d’Izmir (Turquie) Selin Le Visage et Marcel Kuper Canaux anciens et puits récents : usages de l’eau d’irrigation, identité et territoire dans le Haouz (Maroc) Violaine Héritier-Salama Galermi au fil de son eau : un aqueduc syracusain dans la reconfiguration de son territoire Sophie Bouffier et Fabienne Wateau Transformations du foncier rural en Méditerranée Le foncier en Méditerranée : une dichotomie entre Nord et Sud ? Mélanie Requier-Desjardins, Romain Melot, Jean-Christophe Paoli, Orlando Rodrigues et Jeanne Riaux De la propriété de l’eau à la propriété de la terre : basculement de logiques dans l’accès au foncier agricole dans le sud-ouest du Sahara algérien Otmane Tayeb Planification foncière et espaces agricoles périurbains en Algérie Le cas de l’agglomération de Skikda Ahmed Bousmaha et Aissa Boulkaibet Accés à la terre et transhumance en Grèce : bien commun et conflits sociaux Stavriani Koutsou, Athanassios Ragkos et Maria Karatassiou Les arrangements pour l’accès au foncier agricole périurbain L’exemple de Montpellier Camille Clément, Coline Perrin et Christophe-Toussaint Soulard L’articulation entre propriété et usage des terres agricoles : application au cas de Pise (Toscane) Alain Gueringer Varia Société du risque, environnement et potentialisation des menaces : un défi pour les sciences sociales Lionel Charles et Bernard Kalaora Lectures Timothy Morton, 2019, La Pensée écologique, traduit de l’anglais par Cécile Wajsbrot, Paris, Éditions Zulma, 272 pages. Bruno Villalba Gérad Chouquer, Marie-Claude Maurel, 2019, Les mutations récentes du foncier et des agricultures en Europe, Besançon Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, Collection les Cahiers de MSHE Ledoux, 300 pages. Guillaume Schmitt Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 3 Bernard Pecqueur, Fabien Nadou, 2018, Dynamiques territoriales et mutations économiques – Transition, intermédiaire, innovation, L’Harmattan, Paris, 296 pages. Fabienne Leloup Philippe Bourdeau, Roland Moreau, Edwin Zaccai, 2018, Le Développement non durable, Bruxelles, Académie royale de Belgique Édition, collection Académie en poche, 112 pages. Fabienne Leloup Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 4 Éditorial Editorial Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 5 Un vendredi pas comme les autres… Olivier Petit 1 Quand j’étais petit, j’ai vite compris que le vendredi n’était pas un jour ordinaire. À la cantine, c’était « le jour du poisson », synonyme de sobriété alimentaire et de l’abstinence de toute alimentation trop riche. Cette journée avait des vertus aussi bien du point de vue de l’équilibre alimentaire que pour le symbole religieux que cela pouvait représenter pour certains. Comme j’avais horreur du poisson, je ne cacherai pas que de mon côté, l’arrivée du vendredi était vécue avec une certaine appréhension…. d’autant que la cantine que je fréquentais avait régulièrement la bonne idée d’accommoder le poisson pané avec des petits pois ! Adolescent, je compris que ce jour particulier pouvait aussi recouvrir d’autres significations, comme aimaient à le jouer le groupe The Cure et son chanteur Robert Smith1. 2 Depuis plusieurs mois, le vendredi est devenu le rendez-vous de toute une jeunesse qui manifeste pour le climat, répondant à l’appel de Greta Thunberg, cette lycéenne qui avait décidé de se mettre en grève pour montrer combien les enjeux climatiques étaient relégués au second plan des préoccupations des femmes et des hommes politiques, quand bien même ceux-ci s’étaient engagés de longue date à faire de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique une de leurs priorités. Plus récemment, c’est une large part de la population algérienne qui a pris ce jour comme symbole de la résistance à un régime politique qui depuis bien trop longtemps ne prend plus en compte ses aspirations. Et l’on pourrait multiplier les exemples de révoltes qui ont pris le vendredi comme signe de ralliement. 3 Pourtant, le vendredi 29 novembre 2019, c’est un autre appel qui était lancé, comme chaque année, pour annoncer des réductions sans précédent. Des réductions des émissions de gaz à effet de serre ? On aurait pu le penser, compte-tenu de la proximité de cette date avec celle qui marquait le début de la COP 25, la conférence des parties à la convention des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques. En réalité, le Black Friday annonçait surtout des réductions pour les consommateurs, invités à se ruer sur les promotions que les grandes enseignes du commerce avaient initiées. Au regard du succès rencontré à l’occasion des précédentes éditions de cette fête de la consommation, où plus de 50 millions de transactions bancaires ont été enregistrées en une seule journée en France pour la seule édition 20182, on peut raisonnablement Développement durable et territoires, Vol. 10, n°3 | Décembre 2019 6 s’interroger sur l’effet de dissonance cognitive qui peut résulter du télescopage d’un tel événement, avec les appels à la sobriété écologique et énergétique qui viennent en écho à la COP 25. 4 Cette concordance des événements souligne aussi le caractère schizophrénique de certains consommateurs, attirés par ces réductions et bien décidés à en profiter, tandis qu’ils tentent parfois au quotidien de repenser leurs modes de consommation et leurs modes de vie pour contribuer à la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre au plan global. Comment réconcilier l’intérêt individuel et l’intérêt collectif ? Telle est sans doute la quadrature du cercle à laquelle nombre de politiques de développement durable se retrouvent confrontées. Du côté des firmes, la schizophrénie est tout aussi évidente, mais cette forme de déconnexion entre les discours et la pratique me paraît bien plus grave, car ce sont elles qui détiennent une large part des clés de résolution des problèmes environnementaux globaux. 5 Cette contradiction dans les discours est particulièrement visible dans le secteur de la grande distribution, soumis à des bouleversements importants depuis quelques années, du fait des changements de pratiques des consommateurs. Une partie de ces consommateurs se détourne progressivement des grandes surfaces géantes, supermarchés et hypermarchés, au profit du
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