NAT. NAT. HIST. BUL L. SIAM Soc. 54 (1): 89-108 ， 2006

REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK ， WESTERN THAILAND

Olivier Olivier S. G. Pauweli and Tanya Chan-artf

ABSTRACT

On 白巴 basis of original field observations ，the exarnination of preserved museum spec 泊施ns and and availabl 巴 reliabl 巴 literature ， we here provide a list of 出e reptile species curr 官ntly known to to inhabit the 1訂 gest Th ai protected area ， Kaeng Kr achan National Park (Phetchaburi and achuap Pr achuap Kh iri Kh an provinces) ，westem Th ailand. Th e list includes 63 species (5 chelonians ， 2 crocodilians ，30 lac 巴rtilians and 26 ophidians) distributed in 14 farnilies and 46 genera. Th e range range of several species is extended in the country ，either northwards (Sphenomorphus cf. tersus) tersus) or southwards (Lycodonfasciatus ， Xenochrophis piscator ，Sinomicrurus m. macclellandi) ， suggesting suggesting that Kaeng Kr achan is situated in a zoogeographical 甘'ansition zone between the Sundaic Sundaic and In. do-Himalayan reptile faunas. The park is thus currently known to harbo 町 afi 創1 of 出e 百別 reptile species ，but is predicted to host up to a 血ird

INTRODUC 百 ON

With 2，915 squ 紅 e kilometers ，Kaeng Kr achan National Park is the largest protected area area in Th ailand. It is mainly situated in Kaeng Kr achan Di strict ，Phetchaburi Province ， but it it also encroaches on Nong Ya Plong and 百la Yang districts of the same province ， and in the the southem part of the park the Pala-U waterfall site is situated in Hua Hin District ， Pr achuap Kh iri Kh an Province. 百le park was established in 1981 by His M 司jesty King Bhumipol Adulyadej. In its eastem part ，it includes the Kaeng Kr achan reservoir ， where the the Huay Mae Prakon and the Phetchaburi River flow. 百le southem part of the park is drained drained by the Pr anburi River. Most of 出e park is covered with mixed deciduous forest ， 合y dipterocarp forest and evergreen fores t.百 le highest peaks 釘 e Kh ao Phanoen 官1U ng (1 ，207 m asl) and Kh ao Sam Yot (871 m asl) ，bo 由 belonging to the Tenasserim Range which which crosses north-south over the park. Detailed Detailed descriptions of the park and its fauna have been published (see a.o. ANONYMOUS ，2000) ， and its high richness in bird and m an1ffi al species has been emphasised. In In contrast ， the p訂 k's he 中etofauna remained st i1l largely unknown ， although at least 30 species species have been recorded from the p訂 k in the literature since 1987 (see species accounts in in the Results). PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) ， based on the general distribution and ecological requirements requirements of 百四 reptiles ，suggested 血at 出e number of species known from Phetchaburi Province Province would be greatly increased through field research in Kaeng Kr achan National P紅k.

'Dep ぽ tment of Recent Vertebrat 巴s，Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique ， Rue Vautier 29 ， 1000 Brussels ，Belgium. E-mail: osgpauwels@yahoo .f r 2National 2National Science Museum ，Technopolis ， Klong 5， Klong Luang District ，Pathumthani 12120 ， Th ailand E-mail: E-mail: [email protected] Received Received 27 April 2005; accepted 15 June 2006.

89 90 O Ll VIER S. G. PAUWELS AND TANYA CHAN-ARD

Recently Recently new field research was made possible through an initiative by the Wildlife Conservation Conservation Society and the Department of National Parks ，Wildlife and Plants of Th ailand to to host a regional field he 中 etology 甘aining c'O urse in the park (ANONYMOUS ，n 'O date) ， in which we participated as instruct 'O rs. 百le trainees ， mainly forestry officers ， 'O riginated from Camb 'O dia ，La 'O P.D. R.， Myanm 紅佃d 百lailand ， and during their training in December 2002 ，many new observati 'O ns were gathered. Other new observations were made by TC 加 July 2004 during a workshop organized by the Department of Nati 'O nal Parks ，Wildlife and and Plants at the Forestry Training Center 4 (Cha-am). Th ese recent observations ，c'O mbined with with our study 'O f the preserved material known in museum c'O llections ， give us the 'O pp 'O rtunity t 'O provide here a synthesis 'O f the current kn 'O w ledge on the park' s herpetofauna.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

New field observati 'O ns were made during the herpet 'O l'O gy 佐伯 ning course (13-22 Dec. 2002) 2002) and during the w 'O rkshop at the F'O res 町 Training Center 4 (20 ー31 July 2004). Th e preserved preserved museum c'O llecti 'O ns that we studied mainly originated 合'O mf 'O ur localities: Ban Kr ang Camp (1 2 0 4 7' 46" N-99 0 2 7' 22" E) ，Huay Mae Prieng Subdistrict ，Kaeng Kr achan District ，Phetchaburi Pr 'O vince; Kaeng Kr achan National Park's headquarters (1 2 0 31' 49" N-99 0 29' 56" E) ，Kaeng Kr achan District ，Phetchaburi Pr 'O v.; Kaeng Krachan Dam (near the the headquarters): b鉱水s and islands in the reserv 'O ir ，Kaeng Kr achan Dis 出ct ，Phetchaburi Pr ov.; and Pala-U waterfall (ca. 12 0 32' 16" N-99 0 2 7' 41" E) ，Hua Hin District ，Pr achuap Kh iri Khan Pr 'O v. S 'O me material that we examined was reported by 'O ne of us in NAB lliT ABHATA ET AL. (2004) as 'O riginating from “Phetchaburi: Kaeng Kr achan" ，with 'O ut reference reference t 'O preserved material. Th is material studied by our team is still c 'O nsidered t 'O be firstly firstly recorded in the present work ， in 'O rder t 'O better qu 如 tify our global c'O ntributi 'O n to the the herpet 'O logical knowledge of the park. Only 'O ne new record (Cylindrophis 叫が IS 叫が IS) presented presented by NAB lliT ABHATA ET AL. (2004) c'O ncems a species that we did not encounter during during 'O ur recent surveys ， and is thus n'O t regarded here as a first rec 'O rd. Main diagn 'O stic scale characters were recorded from every preserved squamate specirnen ，and c'O mpared with the m 'O中 hological data available in the literature ，a. 'O. Cox (1 991) ，HI 阻 DA ET AL. (2001) ，LANG & BOHME (1 990) ，MANTHEY & GROSSMANN (1997) ， POPE (1935) ，Sc 阻止z (1996) ，TAYLOR (1 963) ， and VOGEL ET AL. (2004). F'O r the sake 'O f brevity ，scale counts will n'O t be presented here ， except the for species f'O r which the kn 'O wn range range is here extended ，'O r if they differ from the kn 'O wn meristic variati 'O n，'O r c 'O ncem r紅 e species species 'O r taxa 'O f difficult identificati 'O n. Snake ventral scales were c'O unted according to DOWLING's (1951) method; the terminal po 泊ted scute 'O f the tail is excluded 合om the number of subcaudals. Th e numbers of snake dorsal scale r'O ws are given respectively: at one head length behind head ， at midb 'O dy (above the ventral c'O ηesp 'O nding to half 'O f the t 'O tal number of ventrals) ，叩d at 'O ne head length before ven t. Paired meristic c'O unts 訂 e given given leftjrigh t. For For the generic all 'O cati 'O n of the skink species formerly included in 出e genus Mabuya Fitzinger ，1826 ，we f'O llow MAUS 回 LD ET AL. (2002). We ad 'O pt the view of BOHME & ZIEGLER (1997) 'O n the tax 'O n'O my 'O f 出e Varanus bengalensis gr 'O up. F 'O r the generic and familial familial all 'O cati 'O n 'O f snake taxa ，we f'O ll 'O w the m 'O st recent species list available f'O r Th ailand by DA VID ET AL. (2004) ， except for the species formerly included in the genus REPTILES REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 91

Trimeresurus Trimeresurus s. 1.， f'O r which we f'O ll 'O w MALHO 叩 A& 百 0 即 E (2004). Acc 'O rding t 'O AUL 町 A ET AL. 's (2002) subdivisi 'O n 'O f Python reticulatus ，we at 凶bute 出eKaeng Kr配 han p'O pulati 'O n t 'O the n'O min a1 subspecies. We f'O ll 'O w PAUWELS ET AL. (2005) f'O r the use 'O f the bin 'O men Boiga Boiga siamensis. Abbreviati 'O ns: BLS: Bryan L. STUART (FMNH ，Chicag 'O); CUMZ: Chul a1'O ngk 'O rn University University Museum 'O fZ 'O'O l'O gy ，Bangk 'O k; FMNH: Field Museum 'O f Natur a1 Hist 'O ry ， αucag 'O; KKNP: Kaeng Kr achan Nati 'O na1 Park; QSMI: Queen Sa 'O vabha Mem 'O ri a1 In stiωte ， Th ai Red Cross S'O ciety ，Bangk 'O k; RFD: R 'O ya1 F 'O rest Department ，Bangk 'O k; SVL: sn 'O ut- vent vent length; THNHM: Thai Natural Hist 'O ry Museum ，Nati 'O nal Science Museum ， Pa 白um 白血i; YC: Y 'O dchaiy CHUA YN 阻 RN (Nati 'O na1 Science Museum ，Pathumthani).

RESULTS

CHELO Nll Trionychidae Trionychidae

Dogania subplana (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire ， 1809) TC and YC caught and released tw 'O specimens in as 佐'eam (Huay Pran) ne 紅 Ban Kr ang Camp in July 2004. Th e skull (THNHM 3250) bel 'O nging t 'O a disl 'O cated c釘 'cass was f'O und at the s創 ne l'O cality. 百le p'O steri 'O r part 'O f the skull is cut perfectly straight ，suggesting it it was killed by a human.

Pelochelys Pelochelys cantorii Gray ，1864 百 e species was menti 'O ned by PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) 'O n 出e basis 'O f the examinati 'O n 'O f 出e carapace 'O f an adult specimen 白紙 was killed in 血e dam and eaten by fishermen ab 'O ut twenty years ag 'O.官 le current presence 'O f this species in the park requires c'O nfirmati 'O n， since since n 'O recent rec 'O rd is available.

Testudinidae Testudinidae

Manouria emys phayrei (Blyth ， 1853) 官 lis species was rec 'O rded fr 'O m Kh a 'O Phan 'O en 官lU ng by PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) 'O n the the basis 'O f the examinati 'O n 'O f 出ec 紅 apace 'O fa spec 加 en (CUMZ (R) 2002.0 1.1 4.1) c 'O llected and eaten by farmers in the 1980s. 百le ph 'O t'O graph 'O fa 1 紅 'ge adult taken a1'O ng 出e Phetchaburi River in KKNP was presented by KEKULE (2004: 44).

Bataguridae Bataguridae

Cyclemys Cyclemys dentata (Gray ， 1831) species group PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) rec 'O rded the species fr 'O m Kh a 'O Phan 'O en 官lU ng. It was independently independently menti 'O ned 合om the park by N 油 HπABHATA ET AL. (2004). Cy c/ emys is a highly highly diverse and c'O mplex genus ，pr 'O bably including a number 'O f undescribed taxa ，and its its adequate tax 'O n'O mic a1 study will require much additi 'O na1 sampling (GUICKING ET AL. ， 2002). 百le tax 'O n'O mic status 'O f the p'O pulati 'O ns 'O f KKNP area was n'O t yet specific a1 1y addressed. addressed. 92 OUVIER S. G. PAUWELS AND T 馴 YA CHAN 岨 D

Malayemys macrocephala (Gray ， 1859) Several Several specimens were caught and released near the headquarters in N 'O v. 2002 by WCS staff during the w 'O rksh 'O p. 百llS species w 酪 previ 'O usly rep 'O rted fr 'O m Phetchaburi Pr'O v泊ce as Malayemys subtrijuga (Sc 皿..E GEL & MULLER ， 1844) by PAUWE 凶 ETAL. (2000a ， 2003) and SR 町 ARUMOL (1 995) ， but BROPHY (2004) recently sh 'O wed 伽 t 血e c 'O rrect name t 'O apply t 'O Westernτ 'h ai p'O pulati 'O n is M. macrocephala. 百le KKNP specimen illus 回 ted 'O nF 泡鵬 1 sh 'O ws 白 e typical head c'O l'O r pattern 'O f M. macrocephala: wide 泊企'a 'O rbi ta1 s出 pes and tw 'O nasal s住ipes.

CROCODYLIA Crocodylidae Crocodylidae

Crocodylus Crocodylus siamens お Schneider ，1801 Th e species was menti 'O ned fr 'O m 血e park by NABHITABHATA & TANTIWIT 百AYA- PHIT 臥 K (1 987: 60) ， K 阻 ETI 刊 TANO 附 (1993: 136) ， KEERATI Yl πANON (1994: 177) ， ANoNYMOUS (2000: 27 ，49 ， 147) and PLTLπ ET AL. (2002). Ph 'O t'O graphs 'O fa presumed indigen 'O us C. siamensis was als 'O preseo 飽d by KEKULE (2004: 71 ， 198). It was takeo in 2003 al 'O og the Phetchaburi Ri ver. Fr 'O m 血e receot repo 此s， there is n 'O evideoce f'O rm 'O re 白血'O oe individual surviving in the park. Assessing the present staωs 'O f 血is species 泊出e p紅 k sh 'O uld be a pri 'O rity acti 'O o. Geoetic samples sh 'O uld be takeo and c'O mpared with Crocodylus Crocodylus porosus and C. porosus x C. siamensis hybrids t 'O determine if the individuals are are o'O t escapees fr 'O m breeding ceoters.

Tom おtoma schlegelii (Muller ， 1838)? 百lere are 白 ree literature rec 'O rds 'O f 血is species fr 'O m KKNP (ANoNYMous ， 1991: 217; 217; SUWANNAPAK ， 1999: 99; ANoNYMous ， 2000: 27 ， 49). OSGP m 'O re 'O ver interviewed m 佃 Y 'O ld villagers in Phetchaburi 酌'O v加ce ，wh 'O t'O ld 白紙偽e takhong (出 e 百凶c'O rnm 'O o oame used t 'O designate Tomistoma) ，which they distinguish well fr 'O m the djorake nam tjut (Crocodylus (Crocodylus siamensis) by its el 'O ogated m 'O u白， was st 出 c'O mm 'O na few decades ag 'O in the swamps and sl 'O w-m 'O v泊 g rivers 'O f several dis 凶 cts. Zo'O ge 'O graphically ，出e presence 'O f 血at species in KKNP w 'O uld n'O t be surprisiog ， but it w 'O uld be very appr 'O priate t 'O dedicate surveys surveys t 'O the c'O nf1 rmati 'O n 'O f its preseoce ，stillω '0 p'O'O rly d'O cumented.

LACERTILIA Gekkonidae

Cnemaspis cf. kandianus (Kelaart ， 1852) Tl制 HM 1345 -4 7，Tl町田 11 1438: B 佃Kr ang (caught '0 0 the leaf litter); THNHM 1443 -4 9: Pala-U (caught by day '0 0 tree but 位esses in evergreeo f'O rest). Lo cally very c'O rnm 'O n. 官邸p'O pulati 'O n with spin 'O se fl 創1k s seemsmo 甲h'O l'O gically cl 'O ser t 'O C. kandianus. H 'O wever ，出is species w 錨 o'O t included in the revised list 'O f Cnemaspis species 泊司副land by DAS & LEONG (2004) ，wh 'O ann 'O unced that 曲is species is actually c'O mp 'O sed 'O f several taxa taxa and is currently being reviewed. New species rec 'O rd f'O r Phetchaburi 組 d Pr achuap Kh iri Kh an pr 'O v泊.ces. REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 93

Cnemaspis siamens お (Smith ， 1925) THNHM 133ι37: Pala-U. Found under logs on forest floor. Locally common. PAUWELS EI AL. (2003) reported the species from Huay Mae Sa Ri ang (or Huay Mae Saliang) ， west of Ban Kr ang Camp ，on the base of a specimen (CUMZ (R) 2000.294) 血at was found dead under the bark of a Siamese sal tree (Shorea obtusa Wallich ex Blume). Th e gecko had been unintentionally squashed by a wild elephant.

Cosymbotus pla. 砂urus (Schneider ， 1792) Numerous specimens were observed by TC ，YC and BLS on buildings at B 組Kr組 g Camp in December 2002 and July 2004.

Cyrtodactylus Cyrtodactylus brevipalmatus (Smith ， 1923) 百聞HM3121-23 ，百王 NHM 3125: Kh ao Phanoen 百lung Camp. Th ese four spec 泊施ns were found in the roof of a bungalow and on a nearby tree 泊 fores t. τbe species was 必ready mentioned 合om 出e park by ULBER (1 993) and NABHπ'ABHATA EI AL. (2004).

Cyrtodac 砂'lus cf. oldhami (Theobald ， 1876) 古町HM 1247 -4 8: along Pala-U waterfall; 官町田11 125ι57 ，THNHM 1283-84: Kh ao Phanoen 官lU ng. Al l specimens were caught at night on 住印刷nks ， often ne 紅 S国 ams. 官 le species was mentioned by ULBER (1 993) who showed how unusual the colour pattem pattem of KKNP spec 泊施ns w 出. It was mentioned again from the park by MAN 百iE Y & GROSSMANN (1 997: 224). 百le species was cited from Pala-U 釦 dfrom 出e part of the park si 加 ated 泊 Kaeng Kr achan District by NAB 田 TABHATA EI AL. (2004). Th e taxonomic sta 加 of of Phetchaburian popu 加 ions is currently under 蜘 dy by Aaron M. Bauer and the frrst au 血or.

Dixonius Dixonius siamensis (Boulenger ， 1898) THNHM 1282: island 泊 Kaeng Kr achan reservoir. Found by day under rotten log. An other specimen was caught and released by OSGP at 出 e Headquarters; it was active at dusk dusk on rocks near the car park.

Gehyra mutilata (Wiegmann ， 1834) Several Several specimens were observed by TC in July 2004 under bark of dead trees 泊 forest forest and on buildings at Ban Kr ang Camp. 百le species was cited from Pala-U by NAB 町 TABHATA EI AL. (2004).

Gekko gecko (Li nnaeus ， 1758) 百le species was mentioned by ST 釧 NEREIAL. (1998) 釦 d OTAEIAL. (1 999: 665). We observed observed the species during both s町 veys; it is abundant in all types of habitats ，from human settlements to primary fores t.

Hemidactylus Hemidactylus frenatus Dumeril & Bibron ， 1836 PAUW 乱 S EI AL. (2003) reported ac 錨 e of predation on H. frenatus by Chrysopelea ornata ornata ornatissima at the general headquarters of KKNP. 百le species was cited 仕om Pala- U by NABHITABHATA EI AL. (2004). 百le species was found on all buildings 泊血ep 釘k. 94 O Ll VIER S. G. PAUWE 凶 AND T.刷 YA CHAN 品 D

Hemidactylus Hemidactylus garnotii Dumeril & Bibron ，1836 官制HM 3243: Pala-U. 1t was found by night under 出 e bridge. is It the sole specimen so so far recorded from the p紅k.

P 砂chozoon lionotum Annandale ， 1905 官町HM 1253-54: Kh ao Phanoen 官lU ng ，Kaeng Kr achan D. Both sp 即 imens were caught caught on a bungalow roof at nigh t. An other Pかchozoon individual ， presumably of the same species ，was observed in Dec. 2004 by day under a roof at Ban Kr ang Camp by B. Kh eowyoo and T. Ch 凶 sunch 副(p ers. comm. to OSGP). New genus 佃 d species record for for Phetchaburi Province.

Agamidae

Acanthosaura Acanthosaura crucigera (Boulenger ， 1885) PAUWELS Ef AL. (2003) reported 血 e species from B 佃Kr ang Camp. Several specimens were were observed at Pala-U and Ban Kr ang Camp 加 December 2002 (TC and BLS) and July 2004 (TC and YC). The record of Acanthosaura lepidogaster from KKNP by NABH 汀'ABHATA Ef AL. (2004) w 鎚 based only on an observation ，and given the taxonomic complexity complexity of Acanthosaura 泊明白m Th ail 組 d，a voucher spec 加 en is neededωveri ちr identification. identification.

Bronchocela Bronchocela cristatella (Kuhl ， 1820) PAUWELS Ef AL. (2003) reported as 泊gle specimen 台。 mne 紅Th an Ti p (or 百1an 出ip) waterfall ，which is still the sole known record 合'om 血e park.

Calotes Calotes emma emma Gray ， 1845 Many specimens were caught and observed by TC and YC in July 2004 at B 佃Kr ang. Specimens Specimens were found in prim 釘 y forest ，active by day or 槌 leep on 釘'ees by nigh t. Th e species species was cited from Pala-U by NABHITABHATA Ef AL. (2004). New sp 田 ies record for Phetchaburi Phetchaburi Province.

Calotes Calotes versicolor (Daudin ， 1802) Several Several specimens collected and released at Pala-U Camp in December 2002 by TC and BLS. Additional spec 加 ens were observed by TC and YC 泊 July 2004 along roadsides near near the main KKNP headquarters.

Draco blanfordu blanfordii Boulenger ， 1885 A specimen 合'O m Pala-U w 部 used 泊 a genetic study by HONDA Ef AL. (1999: 547). Th e species w 鎚 reported as common along Pala-U waterfall by PAUWE 凶 Ef AL. (2003). 百1e species was cited from Pala-U by NABHIT 油 HATA Ef AL. (2004).

Draco taeniopterus Gunther ， 1861 TC observed a male and a female 泊 Ban Kr ang Camp 泊 July 2004 by day on trees ， and collected a specimen (currently housed 恒也e RFD collections ，Bangkok) at Pala-U waterfall 加 1997. New species record for Phetchaburi Province. REPTILES REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 95

Lacertidae Lacertidae

Takydromus sexlineatus ocellatus Cuvier ，1829 A few individuals were observed by BLS and TC in December 2002 on the grass by day at Pala-U Camp.

Scincidae Scincidae

Eu t1 ・'opis macularia (Blyth ， 1853) THNHM 1249: Ban Kr ang. Th is specimen ， caught in the leaf litter ，shows 32 midbody scale scale rows and five keels per dorsal scale (T A礼 OR ， 1963 & CHUA YNKERN ET AL. ，2005 mentioned mentioned Th ai specimens with 28 ，30 ，32 ， or 34 midbody scale rows). It is still the sole specimen specimen recorded from the park. Due to the important differences in scalation and colouration colouration of the various Th ai populations which we examined ，we strongly encourage a thorough thorough revision of this species. New species record for Phetchaburi Province.

Eutropis Eutropis multifasciata (Kuhl ， 1820) THNHM 1261 -6 3: Kh ao Phanoen Th ung Camp. Numerous specimens observed at Pala-U Pala-U (TC and BLS ， Dec. 2002) and Ban Krang Camp (TC ，YC 組 d BLS ， Dec. 2002 ， July 2004). 2004). Th ey were found along the s田 ams active by day and sleeping at nigh t.

Isopachys Isopachys anguinoides (Boulenger ， 1914) THNHM 1258 -6 0，THNHM 1313-14: Ban Kr ang; THNHM 1285-87 ，THNHM 1315- 27: 27: Pala-U. All specimens were caught by day in the leaf litter or under rotten logs in fores t. All 21 specimens have 24 midbody scale rows (a variation of 21-24 was mentioned by LANG & BOHME ， 1990). Nasal scales are contacting in 4 specimens (widely in 3); nasals were said to be separated by LANG & BOHME (1990). Th is species is locally very common.

Lipin 初 vittigera (Boulenger ， 1894) THNHM 324 6-4 8: Pala-U Camp. Th ese 出ree specimens were active by day around the the bungalows. One was caught while it came to eat boiled rice disposed on the ground. A single specimen was reported from the park by PAUWELS ET AL. (2003); that specimen was actually observed on a dead tree in forest ne 紅 Huay Mae Saliang ， west of Ban Kr ang Camp ，Kaeng Kr achan Distric t.

Lygosoma quadrupes (Li nnaeus ， 1766) A single specimen w 儲 caught and released by TC ，BLS and OSGP at the main KKNP headquarters headquarters in Dec. 2002. It was found by day under a rock near a bungalow.

Riopa Riopa bowringii (Gunther ， 1864) Several Several specimens were caught and released near 出e general headquarters in N ov . 2002 by WCS staffs during the workshop. 96 OLIVIER S. G. PAUWBLS AND TANYA CHAN 拙 D

Scincella Scincella melanosticta (Boulenger ， 1887) TI 町田.1 1251: B 釦Kr ang. F 'O und by day al 'O ng as 釘eam 'O na r 'O cky subs 回.t e，泊 s甘ict synt 'O py with Sphenomorphus maculatus mitanensis (百到HMI252). 官lI s spec 加 en m 'O stly

agrees agrees wi 血白e descripti 'O n provided by TAYLOR (1963); it h部 68 d 'O rsal scales between 出 e parietals and ap 'O担 t situated ab 'O ve the vent ，and 38 midb 'O dy scale r'O ws. New species

陀 c'O rd f'O r Phetchaburi Pr'O vince.

Scincella Scincella cf. punc ωtolineata (B oulenger ， 1893) TI 町 HM 1265: Huay Sat Yai ，Hua 阻 n Distr.;τZ 町 HM 1266 ー77: Huay Ch 'O lnard ， Hua Hin Dis 江AIl specimens were caught by day under r'O恥 nl 'O gs 加 evergreen f'O res t. 百 e species was l'O cally very abundan t. OUB O'百 R (1 986) placed S. tavesae (SMπH ，1935) ， wh 'O se type-l 'O cality lies 泊 Kanchanaburi Pr'O vince ，泊出e syn 'O nymy 'O f S. punctatolineata ， 'O n the basis 'O fa c 'O mparis 'O n 'O fa s 泊gle spec 泊len 'O f S. tavesae with 28 midb 'O dy scale

r'O ws 佃 da single S. punctatolineata with 22. 0 町 material 仕'O m KKNP c'O mprises 12 specimens specimens wh 'O se d 'O rsal scale r'O ws numbers v釘 y 企om 24 (3 spec 泊lens) ，26 (5) t 'O 28 (4) ， plus plus 'O ne specimen with 'O bvi 'O usly irregul 紅 d'O rsal scales (20 r'O ws ，THNHM 1265). In all 'O ur specimens but 'O neσ'HNHM 1266) there is ac 'O ntact ，even s'O metimes weak ，between 出e fr 'O nt 'O nasal and fr 'O ntal scales. A few differences appe 釘 ing fr 'O m the c'O mparis 'O n table 卸 OUBOTER (1 986: 49) ，especially the rati 'O SVL /hin dlegs length ， suggest a necess 紅 y re- examinati 'O n 'O f the available ma もerial 佃 da re-evaluati 'O n 'O f the sta 伽 s 'O f S. tavesae ，which might acωally be a distinct species. New species rec 'O rd f'O r Prachuap Khiri Kh an Pr'O vince.

Sphenomorphus maculatus mitanensis (Annandale ， 1905) THNHM 1252: Ban Kr ang. A single specimen was rec 'O rded by PAUWELS Er AL. (2004) (2004) al 'O ng Pala-U waterfall. 百le v'O ucher specimen ，which has a. 'O. 40 midb 'O dy scale r'O ws ， agrees with the diagn 'O sis 'O f 出is s'O uthern subspecies as pr 'O vided by HlKID A Er AL. (2001). 官le species is abundant at Ban Kr ang.

Sphenomorphus cf. tersus (Smith ， 1916) 百王 NHM 146 0-6 2: B 佃Kr ang. 百lese spec 加 ens ，caught 泊 the leaf litter ， agree in m 'O st details with the descripti 'O n 'O f the species pr 'O vided by TA YLOR (1963) ， except mainly 白紙泊all 3 specimens the pre 企''O n旬ls 訂 'e separated by a scale. 百lese new spec 泊施ns have 37 ，37 and 36 midb 'O dy scale r'O ws respectively (TAYLOR ， 1963: 1013 menti 'O ned a variati 'O n 'O f 34 t 'O 36 r'O ws). New species rec 'O rd f'O r Phetchaburi Pr'O vince.τbis Th ai ・Malay Peninsula endemic sp 民 ies was f'O rmerly unkn 'O wn n'O rth 'O f Chumph 'O n Pr'O vince (N ABHITABHATA Er AL. ， 2004; GROSSMANN &τ 'JLL ACK ，2000) ，組 d 'O町 new rec 'O rd c 'O nsiderably extends its kn 'O wn dis 凶buti 'O nn 'O rthw 紅白. At ac 'O nservati 'O np 'O int 'O f view ， the lis 白19 'O f 出is r; 釘 e rest-dwelling f'O rest-dwelling species 泊 KKNP is very imp 'O rtant. A study 'O f 血emo 甲h 'O l'O gical variati 'O n within 白is species is h'O wever necess 釘 Y t'O c'O nfrrm if the vari 'O us kn 'O wn p'O pulati 'O ns are c 'O nspecific.

Varanidae

Varanus nebulosus (Gray ， 1831) PAUW 乱 S Er AL. (2003) cited the 'O bservati 'O n 'O fa specimen ne 訂 the headqu 制 ers at Pala-U waterfal l. REPTILES REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 97

Varanus salvator (Laurenti ， 1768) A specimen was caught and released by TC and BLS at Pala-U Camp in Dec. 2002. Another Another was photographed by KEKULE (2004: 202) along Phetchaburi River.τ 'h e species was also observed several times near Pranburi waterfall by C. Chimsunchart who reported it it as much more commonly seen than V. nebulosus in the park(pers. comm. to OSGP ， Jan. 2005). 2005).

SERPENTES Cylindrophiidae Cylindrophiidae

Cylindrophis Cylindrophis ruffus (Laurenti ， 1768) The species was mentioned from the part of 血e park situated in Kaeng Kr achan District District by NABHITABHATA ET AL. (2004) but not found in the course of our recent surveys.

Pythonidae Pythonidae

Python Python brongersmai Stull ，1938 TC examined the photograph of a specimen that was encountered at Ban Kr ang in July 2004. 2004. Th e body and head shapes and lengths and the colour pattem of 白e specimen co 町田pond to those of P. brongersmai. New species record for Phetchaburi Province. Th is new locality fills an impo 口組t gap between the Phang-Nga records (PAUWELS ET AL. ， 2000b ， 2002; GROSSMANN & TILLACK ，2001) 叩 d the Kanchanaburi record (NABH 汀ABHATA ET AL. ， 2004). Voucher specimens should be necess 訂 Y to confirm the identity of this northem population ， but a conspecificity with P. molurus bivittatus or P. r. reticulatus is excluded. excluded.

Python Python molurus bivittatus Kuhl ，1820 Th e species was reported only once from KKNP ，by PAUWELS ET AL. (2003). In血 e p訂 k the species hence seems much less common 由加 P. reticulatus.

Python Python reticulatus reticulatus (Schneider ， 1801) Th e species was mentioned 合om the park by CHAIYAKHAM (1 994: 115). 百le observation of of several specimens along Phetchaburi River was reported by O'SHEA ET AL. (2004). A subadult subadult specimen was caught and released by OSGP and BLS at Ban Krang Camp in Dec. 2002. 2002. It was found swimming by night in a forest stream. The species is commonly encountered encountered in 血e park 加担d along Phetchaburi and Pr anburi rivers (C. Chimsunchart ， pers. pers. comm. to OSGP ， Dec. 2004).

Colubridae Colubridae

Ahaetulla Ahaetulla prasina prasina (Boie ， 1827) SUWANNAPAK (1 999: 97) reported that sp 民 ies as common in KKNP. PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) (2003) mentioned it from the dam 釘 'ea. TC and BLS caught and released a specimen in December 2002 at Pala-U. It was found by day in primary fores t. 98 OLJVI 限 S. G. PAUWELS AND TANYA CHAN 岨 D

Chrysopelea Chrysopelea orna ωornat お'sima Werner ， 1925 PAUWELS EI' AL. (2003) reported 血.e species 企om KKNP general headquarters (see above above under Hemidactylus frenatus).

Coelognathus Coelognathus radiatus (Boie ， 1827) Several Several specimens were observed by TC 泊 D 即. 2002 and July 2004 ne 紅 the main headquarters. 百le spec 加 ens were crossing over the road by day 也 a cultivated 釘 ea.

Dendrelaph お cyanochloris (Wall ， 1921) PAUWELS EI' AL. (2003) reported 出.e species from the road to Pala-U. 百le sp 民団en f旨om KKNP il1 us 住ated by SEESOOK (2000) and identified by him 出 Dendrelaphis striatus (Cohn ， 1905) was reidentified by PAUWELS EI' AL. (2003: 39) 部 D. cyanochloris. 百le erroneous erroneous record of D. striatus was nonetheless repeated by NAB 町 rABHATA EI' AL. (2004) on the basis of the same spec 泊len.

Enhydris Enhydris plumbea (Boie ， 1827) FMNH 263428: collected in Dec. 2002 on a road near the main KKNP headquarters. It It was found active at night while it was rain 泊g.

Gonyosoma oxycephalum (Boie ， 1827) TC caught ， photographed and released a green specimen at B 佃Kr佃 g Camp in July 2004. 2004.

Lycodon capucinus Boie ，1827 百聞削 1294: Ban Kr ang. Caught in evergreen fores t.

Lycodon fasciatus (Anderson ， 1879) THNHM 1250: Kh ao Phanoen 官lU ng ，Kaeng Kr achan D. 百lI s adult spec 加 en (see 時間2) ， found active at ni 悼t on 血e forest floor ， has 2 preven 紅白+ 215 ventrals ，a single single anal ，78 divided subcaudals ， 17-17-15 dorsal scale rows ， 8/8 supralabials of which 血e 3-5 reach the eye ，加 d 2nd and 3rd 泊 con 匂.ct with the loreal ，1/ 1 loreal con 旬C 由19 the eye ，1/ 1 preocular above loreal and separa 血 g eye 企om pre 企ontal ，2 /2 postoculars ， 2+2/ 2+2 temporals ， 9/10 in 合alabials whose the first 4/5 contact the anterior sublinguals. 百le dorsals 紅 'e keeled ， except those of the 3-4 lowest rows on each side ，and show two apical pits. 百le supracaudals ， except those of the lowest row ，訂 e sligh t1 y keeled. Its ven 住als 加 d subcaudals subcaudals are laterally keeled. Th e scale row reduction 企om 17 to 15 by fusion of the rows 3 剖 d4 occurs at the level of 由e ven 回 Is 142/144. 百世 s specimen agr 閃 s with the current current concept of the species ，and represents a new species record for Phetchaburi Pr ovince and 佃 extension southwards ，its southernmost known locality be 泊g Kh ao An g Ru Nai ， Chachoengsao Chachoengsao Pr ovince ，泊 southeastem 百 ail 組 d (N AB 町 rABHATA EI' AL. ， 2004).

Lycodon subcinctus subcinctus Boie ，1827 THNHM 1245: B 佃Kr ang. Caught at night on 出e forest floor. New species record for for Phetchaburi Pr ovince. REPT ILES OF KAENG KR AC HAN NAT IONAL PARK 99

Figure Figure 1. Li v巴 adult Malaye l7/ Ys l1/ acro c ephala founcl in a poo ln e出 Kaeng K racha n N. P. heaclquart ers.Spec im 巴n release cl. Photo grap h by .J o hn Th Ol凶 arnar so n

FigUl 巴 2. 1' 1官se rve cl Lycodo n fascialllS (TH N HM 1 250) fo uncl on Kh ao Phano 巴n Thun g，Ka 巴ng Krachan N . l' Photog ra ph by O .S .G. Pauw els lOO O Ll VIER S. G. PAU ¥V ELS AN D T ANYA O -IAN -A RD

Figu re 3. Pre s巴rve d Si Il O I/ ';Cnlli{s lII accle lla l/ di {/{a ccl e/ lalldi (THNHM 1264 ) fo und at Ban K rang ，Ka 巴ng Kra cha n N. N. P. Photo grap h by O.S.G. Pau w 巴Is.

Fig llr e 4 . L ive Pop eia .I it cara (FMN H 263429) in Silll a10ng Hu ay C ho1n ard，Ka eng Krac han N_ P . Photog raph

by John T horbjarn 出 so n. REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN N~百ONAL PARK 101

Orthriophis Orthriophis taeniurus ssp.

A peculiar Orthriophis taeniurus specimen from the dam 紅 'ea was mentioned and illustrated illustrated by SCHULZ (1 996: 264). Unfortunately ，no thorough study of 白e sta 制s of this specimen specimen has so far been undertaken (K.-D. Schulz ，pers. comm. to OSGP ，Nov. 2004). 百lis taxon is sympa 住ic with ， but clearly distinct from ， O. taeniurus ridleyi (Bu t1 er ， 1899) which w 出 recen t1 y reported from Phetchaburi Province (PAUWELS ET AL. ，2004 ， as Elaphe taeniura taeniura ridley i). A taxonomic revision of the O. taeniurus complex is needed.

Pareas Pareas carinatus Wagler ，1830 τ'HN HM 1459: Ban Nong Pun Taek ，Kaeng Kr achan Distric t. Caught while it was crossing crossing the road at nigh t. PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) mentioned another specimen collected at at Km 16 on 血e road from Hua Hin to Pa1 a-U.

Pareas Pareas margal 抑 Tp horus (Jan in Bocourt ， 1866) TI 町 HM 1243 -44: Ban Kr ang; TI 町 HM 1255: Pa1 a-U (found under a log in bamboo forest). forest). PAUWE 凶 ET AL. (2003) already reported 白e species from the park.

Psammodynastes pulverulentus (Boie in Boie ， 1827) PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) reported the species 合om 白ep 訂 k，on 出e base of specimens actually actually observed at three loc a1 ities: Huay Mae Saliang ，Pong Pr om and Ton Nam Pran (C. Chimsunchart ，pers. comm. to OSGP). All were found by day under leaves in the leaf litter of of forest pa 出s.

P砂'as ko"os (Schlegel ， 1837) PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) recorded the species from ne 紅 Ban Pa1 a-U.τoeir other record from Kaeng Kr achan Dis 凶 ct is more exac t1 y 仕om the road a1 0ng 由e dam.

Rhabdophis nigrocinctus (Blyth ， 1855) PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) reported the species from the park ，actu a1 1y based on 白e observation observation of two specimens from two loc a1 ities: Huay Mae Sa1 iang andτoo 血ip waterf a1l. 百ley were found active by day on the leaf litter ， near water (C. Chimsunchart ，pers. comm. to to OSGP).

Rhabdophis subminiatus subminiatus (Schlegel ， 1837) TC and BLS caught and released a specimen in December 2002 ne 釘 the main KKNP headquarters. headquarters. A specimen was a1 so observed in 2004 by C. Chimsunchart at Kh ao 針 ak 紅佃g (pers. (pers. comm. to OSGP).

Xenochroph お piscator (Schneider ， 1799) THNHM 3245: Pa1 a-U stream. New species record for Pr achuap Khiri Kh an Pr ovince. 百lis typically coloured adult male represents the southemmost record in westem and peninsularτoailand (see NABHITABHATA ET AL. ， 2004) for 也is taxon which was long confused confused with Xenochrophis flav 伊unctatus (HALLOWELL ，1860). 官le latter species is 血e most abundant snake 泊 Phetchaburi Pr ovince (PAUWELS ET AL. ， 2003) and can be easily distinguished distinguished from X. piscator which lacks transversal black bands on each ventral and shows much less marked dark postocul 釘 S住ipes. Th e KKNP specimen shows 2 preventr a1 s 102 102 O UVlER S. G. PAUWELS AND TANYA CHAN ・組D

+ 129v 印刷Is (plus an additional half ventral on 也 e left side just before the divided anal) ， an incomplete tail wi 出 81 subcaudals ， and 19-19-17 dorsal scale rows. Th e scale row reduction reduction from 19 to 17 occurs 伽 ough a fusion of rows 3 and 4 above the v印刷Is 77n5. 77n5.

Xenochrophis Xenochrophis trianguligerus (Boie ， 1827) 官町HM 3244: Pala-U 組閣n. OSGP observed a second adult specimen in Dec. 2002 ne 紅 Ban Kr ang Camp 加 a shallow forest s佐'eam. New species record for Phetchaburi Pr ovince.

Elapidae Elapidae

Ophiophagus hannah (Cantor ， 1836) PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) reported the species from ne 紅 the dam and the main headquarters. headquarters. TC found a shed skin on the road 企om 血e KKNP headquarters to Ban Kr ang

C 倒 np ，5 km before the latter station.

Sinomicrurus Sinomicrurus macclellandi macclellandi (Reinhard t， 1844) 百到HM 1264: Ban Kr ang. Found by day under a log on the ground in fores t.百 le meristic meristic data (1 preven 住al + 209 ventrals ， divided anal ，26 divided subcaudals ， 13 dorsal scale scale rows 白roughout body ，no loreal ，7n supralabials whose 3rd -4 血1 reach the eye ， 1/1 preocular ，2 /2 postoculars ，1 + 1/1 + 1 temporals ， 6/6 in 企alabials whose on each side the 4 first first are 泊 contact with the anterior sublinguals ，two pairs of sublinguals) and colouration (an (an uncomplete nuchal collar ， 31 complete dorsal rings ，6 complete caudal rings - see Figure Figure 3 ・， a few additional black spots on the belly ，one under the tail) of 血is specimen agree agree with the detailed account provided by POPE (1 935). New species record for Phetchaburi Pr ovince. 百lI snew locality constitutes an extension southwards ， the previously southemmost known locality being Kh ao An g Ru Nai ， Chachoengsao Province ，血 southeastem 百lailand (N ABHITAB 臥 TA ET AL. ， 2004).

Viperidae Viperidae

Cη 'P te1ytt ・.ops albolabris (Gray ， 1842) QSMI 730: Kaeng Kr achan d創 n 紅 'ea (cited 泊 PAUWELSETAL. ，2003 ，田 Trimeresurus albolabris); 古町HM 1246: B 佃Kr ang (caught on the road at night).

Popeia Popeia fucata (V ogel ，David & Pauwels ， 2004) FMNH 263429: Huay Cholnard ，Hua H 凶Di str. ， Prachuap Khiri Kh an Prov 加.ce. 官 lis adult adult specimen (see Figure 4) shows 2 preventrals + 165 ven 佐als ，as 泊gle anal ， 71 divided subcaudals subcaudals and 23-21-15 dorsal scale rows. 百le species was reported (as Trimeresurus popeiorum) 合om Ban Pala-U by Wus 百 R (1 992) (s 関 VOGEL ET AL. ， 2004). REPTILES REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 103

DISCUSSION

Of 血e 63 species presently inventoried 合om KKNP ，32 (i.e. ， 51 %) were listed for the first 由ne 加恥present work (and/or in NAB lflT ABHATA EI' AL. ，2004) ，and not less 血佃 54 species (86%) were frrstly recorded since 2000 ，most by PAUWELS EI' AL. (2003). 百 e total total of sixty-three species recorded 企om the p訂 k represents just less than a fifth of the current current est 加 ation of 325 reptile species for 官 lailand (NAB lflT ABHATA EI' AL. ， 2004). Ten of of the species newly recorded from the park did not even figure in the list of reptiles to be still exp 即 ted 仕om Phetchaburi Pr ovince by PAUWELS EI' AL. (2003) ， of which six were newly recorded in the present paper (Hemidac りlius garnotii ， Ptychozoon lionotum ， Calotes e. e. emma ，Draco taeniopterus ， Python brongersmai and Lycodon s. 訓subcinct ω'U. 川ωゆsの) Am ong the 83 ta 鼠xa recorded 企om ， plus those predicted for ，Phetchaburi Province but not not yet inventoried from KKNP (PAUWELS EI' AL. ，2000a ，2003 ， 2004; PAUWELS & KHEOWYOO ，2004) ， the following 49 are of highly probable occu 町'ence 泊出e park ， given 出eir respective known dis 住ibutions and ecological requirements (those already recorded 合om Phetchaburi Pr ovince 紅 'e marked with an 鎚 terisk): Amyda cartilaginea* (Boddaert ， 1770) 1770) (Trionychidae) ， lndotestudo elongata* (Blyth ， 1854) (Testudinidae) ，Cuora amboinensis amboinensis kamaroma* Rummler & Fritz ，1991 ，Heosemys annandalei (Boulenger ， 1903) and H. grandis* (Gr ay ，1860) ，Siebenrockiella crassicollis* (Gr ay ， 1831) (Batag 町 idae) ， Gehyrafehlmanni (Taylor ，1962) ，Hemiphyllodac りIlus typus Bleeker ，1860 (Gekkonidae) ， Calotes Calotes mystaceus* Dumeril & Bibron ，1837 ，Draco maculatus Gr ay ， 1845 (Agar 凶dae) ， Leiolepis Leiolepis b. belliana* (Gray ， 1827) (Uromastycidae) ， Dasia olivacea Gray ，1839 ， Eutropis longicaudata longicaudata (Hallowell ，1856) ， Tropidophorus robinsoni (Smi 血， 1919) (Scincidae) ， Rampho 砂phlops albiceps (Boulenger ， 1898) and R. braminus* (Daud 泊， 1803) ， Typhlops muelleri muelleri Schlegel ，1839 (Typhlopidae) ，Xenopeltis unicolor* Boie ， 1827 (Xenopeltidae) ， Ahaetulla Ahaetulla nasuta* (L acepede ，1789) ， Boiga cyanea (Dumeril ， Bibron & Dumeril ，1854) ，

B. B. multomaculata* (Boie ，1827) 佃 dB. siamensis* Nootp 叩 d，1971 ， Calamaria pavimentata Dumeril ， Bibron & Dumeril ，1854 ， Dendrelaphis p. pictus* (Gmelin ，1789) ，Dryocalamus davisonii* davisonii* (Blanford ，1878) ， Enhydris enhydris* (Schneider ，1799) ， Homalopsis buccata* (L 加naeus ，1758) ，Gongylosoma scr 伊， tum (官leobald ， 1868) (mentioned from “Phetchaburi River" River" by NAB lflT ABHATA Ef AL. ，2004 under Li opeltis scriptus) ，Lycodon laoensis G 面白er ， 1864 ，Oligodonfasciolatus* (GUD 由民 1864) and O. mouhoti* (Boulenger ，1914) ， Oreophis p. p. porphyraceus (Cantor ，1839) ，Orthriophis taeniur 附 ridleyi* (Butler ，1899) ，Psammophis indochinensis* indochinensis* Smith ，1943 ， Ptyas carinata (Gunther ， 1858) and P. mucosa* (Linnaeus ， 1758) ， Rhabdophis chrysargos (Schlegel ，1837) ，Sibynophis collaris (Gray ，1853) ，Xenelaphis hexagonotus hexagonotus (Cantor ，1847) ， Xenochrophis flavipunctatus* (Hallowell ， 1860) (Colubridae) ， Bungarus candidus (Linnaeus ，1758) ， B. fasciatus* (Schneider ， 1801) and B. f flaviceps Reinh 紅白， 1843 ，Calliophis maculiceps (Gun 血er ，1858) ，Naja kaouthia* Le sson ， 1831 and N. N. siamensis* Laurenti ， 1768 (Elapidae) ，Calloselasma rhodostoma* (Boie in Boie ，1827) ， Ovophis Ovophis monticola convictus (Stoliczka ， 1870) and Cryptelytrops macrops (Kr amer ， 1977) (Viperidae). (Viperidae). About half of those expected species thrive very well in degraded forest and cultivated lands ，and are not of conservation concem 刷出ough some ，like chelonians and Ophiophagus hannah ，ぽ e hunted in the p釘 k- see PAUWELS Ef AL. ， 2003); many should be found 泊 a near near future in the main headquarters 釘 ea. Most of the remaining expected species are 1釘 ge and conspicuous and might be found by active search and road cruis 泊g. However ， four 104 104 OUVJER S. G. PAUWELS 刷 oT 釧 YA C 恥 N 品 D

“ unexpected" terrestrial skinks were found during our field surveys ， and a fu 加re survey using using pitfall traps is highly recommended to sample possible additional cryptic species (especially (especially among skinks ，typhlopids and small terrestrial colubrids).τ 'h e discovery of species species new to Science is very likely 血rough intensive pi ぜaIl佐 app 加g and through thorough mxonomic revisions of several groups (for example of 血e ge kk: onid genera Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus; Cyrtodactylus; s田 above) ， using the KKNP preserved material. For instance ， the recent taxonomic taxonomic revision of 曲 e pitviper Popeia popeiorum complex led ，among 0 出.ers ， to the description description of P. fuca ω(VOG 乱 EI AL. ，2004) ，a species now known to occur 加 KKNP. A release of several teη'apfu species including the North Am erican Emydid Trachemys scripta scripta elegans (Wied ，1839) 泊 Kaeng Kr achan Dam was mentioned by 百皿A阻町PT& VAN DUK (1 994a: 45 ， 1994b: 24 1).百 lere is a real risk 出at the latter species ， probably able to to reproduce 泊Th ailand ，esmblishes a population 加 the dam which would compete with indigenous indigenous species. 百le current presence of four species of global conservation concem requires requires confirmation through vouchers: Pelochelys cantorii ， Crocodylus siamensis ， Tomistoma schlegelii and Python brongersmai. All the above listed expected species 紅 e known bo 出 north and south of KKNP ， except Tropidophorus robinsoni which is s戸npa 凶c wi 血 Sphenomorphus tersus 加 southem 百lailand ，and which inhabits forest s佐'eams in prim 釘 y forest (PAUWELS EI AL. ， 2000b) very simil 紅 to those found 泊 KKNP.Other widely widely dis 位ibuted species (see NABHπABHATA EI AL. ，2004) 伽 t could occur 泊 KKNP include include Cyrtodactylus peguensis (Boulenger ， 1893) (Ge kk: onidae) ，Varanus dumerilii (Schlegel ， 1839) (V 釘釦idae) ， Coelognathus flavolineatus (Schlegel ， 1837) and Oligodon taeniatus taeniatus (Guo 血er ， 1861) (Colubridae). PAUWELS ET AL. (2003) showed that 血e herpetofauna of Phetchaburi Pr ovince h部 柑 ong Sundaic affinities ， with 88% of its reptile species being also found SOUth of the Isthmus Isthmus of Kr a. Th e additions to KKNP herpetofauna and 血e range extensions recorded 泊出e present work still reinforce the Sundaic character of the herpetofauna of 血is 訂 'ea. KKNP represents 血e no 耐lemmost known locality for Sphenomorphus cf. tersus ， Popeia fucata fucata and ，if i臼 occurrence (p ぉ t or extant) is confrrmed ， fQr Tomistoma schlegelii. However ， it it is also the southwestemmost locality for Xenochrophis piscator ，and the southemmost locality locality for Lycodonfasciatus 佃 d Sinomicrurus m. macclellandi ，which are components of 白e In do ・Hinl alayan herpetofauna.

CONCLUSION

Al though KKNP is now herpetologically one of the best known parks of 官lailand ，it is is obvious 白紙 the inventory is still far 合om complete. Most reptile records from KKNP 釘泡 situated at only four localities. Al though these localities cover most of the biotopes to be be found in the park ， important sites were not yet surveyed ，and might well harbour a number of unrecorded taxa ， such as Kr adangla waterfall (extreme north) ，官lan 出ip and Th othip waterfalls (west) ，and Wim 佃 cave (sou 由e出 t). 官le occurrence and population smωs of Pelochelys cantorii ， Crocodylus siamensis and Tomistoma schlegelii should be veritied. veritied. Th e highest peaks of the park certainly deserve dedicated herpetological 叫 editions ， and might reveal a.o. additional northem t蹴 a. Basing on 白eir global dis 凶bution and ecological ecological requirements ，a to 凶 number of 110 reptile species is a very reasonable expecmtion for for the global he 甲etological diversity of the pぽk. REPTILES OF KAENG KRACHAN NATIONAL PARK 105

百le further herpetological exploration of the park is of high conservation concem ， since ，due to its geographical situation ， the park lies in 組 extremely rich co nf1 uence zone ， and might possibly harbour up to near a 出ird of 出.e total number of reptile species currently currently known from Thailand. Should the park be already totally inventoried ， its herpetofauna herpetofauna would ah 芭ady represent about a 自負 h of the whole 百laihe 叩etofauna ，including notably notably seven endemic or near-endemic reptiles.

ACKNOWLEDG 勘ffiNTS

A large p紅 t of the field work and observations were done during a regional field herpetology herpetology training course co ・organized by the Wildlife Conservation Society - Th ailand Program and the Kaeng Kr achan park's authorithies. We are very grateful to Mr. Manote Kampanakngan (Chief of KKNP) ，Mr. Klos Boonthawee ，Dr An tony J. Lynam and Mr. Petch Petch Manopawi 汀(W CS ・官lailand) ， Messrs Sawat Dulayapat and Somchai Piensatllapom (Deputy (Deputy Director and Director General of tlle Dep 釘加lent of National Parks ，Wildlife and Plants ，Bangkok) ，Dr Kumthom Th ir: 剥 mpt (Chulalongkom University ，Bangkok) and Dr John 百lor 吋amarson (WCS - USA) for their much appreciated support. 百le p制 icipation of 出 e trainees from Cambodia ，Lao P.D. R. and Myanmar was made possible through the help help of Messrs Colin Poole and Joe Walston (WCS - Cambodia) ，Troy Hansel (WCS - Lao) Lao) and U Saw Tun Kh aing (WCS - Myanm 紅). TC 白創lks Mr. Krilas 官lepsar 町 itpom for for his kind help during the workshop organized by the Department of National Parks ， Wildlife Wildlife and Plants at the Forestry Training Center 4 (Cha-am). Messrs Yodchaiy Chuaynkem (National Science Museum ，Pathumthani) and Bryan L. Stuart (Field Museum ， Chicago) Chicago) provided many comments which greatly improved the present report ，and helped us us much during the field work. We warmly th 釘 lk Mrs Chucheep (Teak) Chimsunchart and Mr. Thongchana Chimsunchart (Phetchaburi) ，Mrs Kr itsna Suriyo and 勘ir. Boonrod Kh eowyoo (Banlat Witthaya School ，Banlat) ，Dr Aaron M. Bauer (Villanova University) ， Mr. Th anakhom Bundhitwongrut (Kasets 訂 t University ，Bangkok) ，Dr Indraneil Das (Universiti (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak) ，Dr Patrick David (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle ， Paris) Paris) ，Dr Allen Gr eer (Australian Museum ，Sydney) 組 d Messrs Wolfgang Grossmann (Berlin) ，Bruce Kekule (Bangkok) ，Dr Jarujin Nabhitabhata (National Science Museum ， Pathum 白血i) ，Kl aus ・Dieter Schulz (W urselen) and Dr 官lO mas Ziegler (Zo ologischer G 紅 ten ， Kohl) Kohl) for providing useful information or litera 知見Dr Lawan Chanhome (QSMI ，Bangkok) kindly kindly gave access to the collections in her care. 106 106 OUVIER S. G. PAUWELS AND TANYA CHAN ・ARD

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