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Impacts, Experience and Outlook of the Coordinated Development of Eco-Friendly Forestry and Livelihood-Oriented Forestry

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Impacts, Experience and Outlook of the Coordinated Development of Eco-Friendly Forestry and Livelihood-Oriented Forestry Impacts, experience and outlook of the coordinated development of eco-friendly forestry and livelihood-oriented forestry A review of the decade-long monitoring and assessment of the socioeconomic impacts of China’s key forestry programs 2013 Task force for monitoring and assessment of the socioeconomic impacts of China’s key forestry programs Impacts, experience and outlook of the coordinated development of eco-friendly forestry and livelihood-oriented forestry A review of the decade-long monitoring and assessment of the socioeconomic impacts of China’s key forestry programs This document was translated with support from the Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) as part of the KNOWFOR project of the UK Department for International Development (DFID). The purpose of the translation is to stimulate exchange and share lessons of China’s Conversion of Cropland to Forestry Program and other key forestry programs with a broader international audience. Readers are encouraged to consult the peer-reviewed literature to which CIFOR and FEDRC project team members also contribute. For more information, contact CIFOR: [email protected] © 2014 China National Forestry Economics and Development Research Center (FEDRC). Photos by FEDRC. FEDRC 2014. Impacts, experience and outlook of the coordinated development of eco-friendly forestry and livelihood-oriented forestry. A review of the socioeconomic impacts of China’s key forestry programs. Beijing, China: Forestry Economics and Development Research Center (FEDRC), State Forestry Administration. Editorial board Leader group Director: Zhao Shucong Deputy Director: Liu Dongsheng, Feng Jiaping Members: Zhao Mingji Wang Zhuxiong Liu Tuo Fu Bing Zhang Yuwen Dang Xiaoyong Gao Juncai Hao Yanxiang Wang Huanliang Lou Guohua Chen Qiuhua Zhao Yongqing Chu Liming Zhang Xiwu Zhou Shaozhou Cheng Zhongcai Guan Jinping Zhang Xueqin Wu Xiaosong Yan Xun Wang Haiyang Chen Jiadong Wu Ya Nijiati Mahemuti Liu Keyong Zhang Lei Li Yonglin Yan Gangjun Wang Ping Wei Diansheng Wang Xintong GaoYuying Gao Xilin Liu Jianwu Jin Xiaolin Shan Zengqing Dong Yan Peng You Dong Cao Yuan Liu Youfu Chen Yuhou Zhang Hongwen Sun Guoji Zhang Dexin Wang Haitao Li Sanyuan Liu Yongfan Zhou Hongsheng Cai Binghua Deng Sanlong Gao Qinghe Work group Director: Dai Guangcui, Sun Jian Deputy director: Xie Chen, Liu Jianjie, Shen Heding Directors of program groups NFPP enterprise group: Zhang Sheng PWPNR group: Xia Yufang NFPP county group: Wang Yuehua Data examination group: Liu Jianjie CCFP group: Xie Chen Network reporting system: Peng Wei SCPBT group: Zhao Jincheng Members of programs Yu Bai Chuan Wen Caiyun Su Wenxue Gu Zhenbin Shang Xinhai Geng Dejiang Huang Zhiguo Ma Ping Bai Jianhua Li Yang Zhang Sheng Zhou Heping Jia Xibo Huang Zhaoming Wang Bo Fu Li Li Zhong Zhang Kun Zong Wei Xia Yufang Jian Ninghong Wang Dong Qu Guilai Li Yongliang Zhang Yu Zhao Jincheng Gu Zhendong Mei Lianxiang Wang Xuan Zhu Jingyi Li Fangfang Zhang Xiaoyan Zhao Jinyong Xu Ying Cui Wenjie Wang Zhe Liu Yonghong Li Hongjun Zhang Yunyi Zhao Xinzhen Xu Lei Liang Lixia Wang Yuehua Liu Jianjie Li Aihua Zhang Xiaodong Hu Xuan Ling Min Peng Wei Wang Yaming Liu Xiangyun Li Qingwei Zhang Xiaofeng Hu Menghua Gao Zan Dong Yanbiao Wang Jianan Liu Dewang Wu Yongjun Zhang Aixian Yu Xiaojian Guo Wei Jiang Zhutan Wang Enqi Yan Feng Wu Huarong Zhang Dehui Shi Mingle Tang Zhixian Han Shigang Wang Suirong An Lidan Wu Jingcai Chen Zhen Jiang Xilin Tang Xiaobin Han Baofeng Wang Weisheng Xu Kai Tong Xiaojing Wu Minglu Yao Zhigang Huang Zhiqiang Xie Chen Chou Jian Sun Yucheng Yu Tao Lin Chuan Qin Guowei Huang Yonghua Pan Yimei iii Enumerators at monitoring sites Yu Jieying Feng Shuhua Li Huiying Zhang Li Luo Yangfu Guo Guang Ma Yuan Zhu Yicheng Li Congxia Zhang Ling Luo Weikun Guo Qiang Ma Yinghua Zhu Jihong Li Zhaowa Zhang Rong Luo Junrong Guo Tianqing Ma Jinsuo Xiang Qibo Yang Fang Zhang Jin He Wenlin Guo Ganghu Ma Xiaoling Zhuang Xinzhe Yang Jie Zhang Zirui He Lingli Tang Hao Wang Yan Liu An Yang Zhen Zhang Lijie Zhou Tianhua Huang Liang Wang Li Liu Xiaoyun Yang Hao Zhang Weiming Zhou Xianming Huang Sheng Wang Hui Liu Xiaoping Yang Jiujun Zhang Lijuan Zhou Yanbing Huang Hui Wang Ying Liu Jiubo Yang Xiaoping Zhang Mingyou Zhou Aimei Huang Bin Wang Renshen Liu Changqing Yang Donglin Zhang Jinrong Zhou Haiming Huang Gufeng Wang Wenyuan Liu Zhisheng Yang Yongjuan Zhang Boying Zhou Zhaoli Huang Yanhua Wang Dengjie Liu Zhiyuan Yang BangLan Zhang Chunping Zheng Fahui Cao Ruifang Wang Yuzhen Liu Guoguang Yang Guanghua Zhang Chunlei Zheng Changshan Gong Zili Wang Yuting Liu Zhongliang Yang Jiachao Zhang Xiansong Shan Kai Fu Yafeng Wang Yuxia Liu Junping Yang Shuqi Zhang Junrong Guan Yunfeng Peng Yuanchao Wang Qiaoyan Liu Hailong Yang Zhiguang Zhang Meizhu Zhao Fang Jiang Lijun Wang Pingjing Liu Julian Xiao Jie Zhang Yanqiu Zhao Ping Han Honglin Wang Libo An Bining Wu Min Zhang Zhenhua Zhao Jing Han Qihu Wang Lichun An Yongtao Wu Congzhi Zhang Shuanli Zhao Shaoying Tan Kun Wang Lina Sun Yuhua Wu Ankang Zhang Mengyuan Zhao Dewang Yu Kegang Wang Honghai Sun Jiafu Wu Xiuying Zhang Caixia Hu Shuanglin Cheng Jianjun Wang Hongkuan Sun Hongyan Wu xiaohong Zhang Xianzhong Duan Jiping Zeng Yuanyuan Wang Xiaotian Sun Baohong Wu Xiaomin Zhang Zanchang Duan Junrang Xie Qing Wang Junfang Sun Jianqing Qiu Lijun Awutijiang Wusiman Duan Yingfen Xie Qiang Wang Caimei Sun Nini He Jun Amangu Kahaer Duan Yifang Pu Chang Wang Huanyi Sun Congying He Rutai Chen Zheng Bao Xinli Lei Youfu Wang Xinting Yan Guangcong He Wumei Chen Liang Fei Lanchun Lin Chengge Niu Xiaomin Li Dong He Xiaoguang Chen Tao Yao Yuan Tan Fuhui Wen Yuan Li Jian Yu Sha Chen Guangfa Yao Song Xiong Liangrong Yin Li Li Ping Yu Zhaobo Chen Kebin He Jianfeng Xiong Jianping Deng Zhengqun Li Bei Zou Shijing Chen Chunlian Luo Rongjun Pan Yan Gan Yongjun Li Fengxia Wang Min Chen Liping Qin Yong Yan Bigong Ai Xiaohui Li Keru Wang Chengming Wu Yaxing Yuan Zheng Xue Jungang Shi Jin Li Dongwen Wang Chunyun Fan Yongxia Yuan Qiong Xue Yanlin Shi Qingmei Li Yexue Song Chenglin Fan Zhenmei Nie Hongshan Xue Ruijie Lu Wei Li Shouqing Song Zehua Fan Qiangjun Jia Maojin Huo Jianguang Lu Shande Li Songhan Song Jiangang Fan Xinkui Gu Qiying Wei Xiaohe Shi Xiaofeng Li Zhongyu Chu Hehai Lin Guangxuan Chai Yongfeng Wei Changan Shi Rongyao Li Jianjun Zhang Ning Lin Baoqing Qian Juxiu Wei Yeqin Bai Guangli Li Yanxia Zhang Jun Lin Chunxi Xu Xiangdong Wei Guiping Bao Yunhe Li Meiying Zhang Lin Shang Aimin Xu Yinghui Feng Yan Li Yahui Zhang Xiao Luo Likun Xu Mingshan Feng Jinfeng Li Ruiping Zhang Na Luo Zaigui Gao Ping iv Contents 1. A decade of monitoring and assessment: The evolution of China’s key ecological programs 1 1.1 The achievements of the programs 1 1.2 Impact of ecological development 13 1.3 The programs’ contribution to improving people’s livelihoods 17 2. A decade of monitoring and assessment: Witnessing policy improvement and institutional innovation for forestry ecological development 28 2.1 Highlighting the institutional advantages 29 2.2 A shift in development patterns 30 2.2 Providing property safeguards 31 2.3 Innovating ecological compensation 32 2.4 Strengthening managerial mechanisms 33 3. A decade of monitoring and assessment: Challenges and prospects 34 3.1 Challenges 35 3.2 Prospects 38 4. Monitoring report on the socioeconomic impacts of the natural forest protection program (NFPP) in key state-owned forestry enterprises 41 4.1 Progress and policy implementation 42 4.2 The socioeconomic impacts 46 4.3 Overview of ten years of monitoring in NFPP 48 4.4 Conclusions 53 4.5 Main issues 55 4.6 Policy suggestions 56 5. Monitoring report on socioeconomic benefits of the natural forest protection program (NFPP) in sample counties 59 5.1 Basic data for sample counties 61 5.2 Program development and policy implementation 66 5.3 Forest tending 71 5.4 The ecological, social and economic influence of the program 75 5.5 Recommendations 81 v 6. Monitoring report on the socioeconomic impacts of conversion of cropland to forests program (CCFP) 85 6.1 Policy priorities of CCFP in 2013 86 6.2 Basic information of the monitored sites 87 6.3 Implementation of major policies 90 6.4 Early warning and prediction of policies 96 6.5 Achievements of CCFP 101 6.6 Issues and policy needs 109 6.7 Policy recommendations 111 7. Monitoring report on socioeconomic impacts of sandification combating program (SCP) for areas in the vicinity of Beijing and Tianjin 113 7.1 Overview on natural economy and society in sample counties 114 7.2 Program progress 119 7.3 Program results analysis 120 7.4 Constraints 125 7.5 Policy recommendations 127 8. Monitoring report on socioeconomic benefits of wildlife protection and nature reserve development program (NRP) 131 8.1 Introduction to the sample nature reserves and sample villages 132 8.2 Progress of NRP 134 8.3 Social, economic and ecological benefits of the nature reserve engineering program (NRP) 138 8.4 Nature reserves’ capacity of scientific research and management further enhanced 153 8.5 Existing problems 155 8.6 Recommendations on strengthening nature reserve construction and management 156 vi List of figures 1.1 Ecological forest planted by 37 sample enterprises (1998–2012) 2 1.2 Maintenance and protection of forest by 37 sample enterprises (1998–2012) 3 1.3 Roundwood production of 37 sample enterprises (1998–2012) 3 1.4 Employment in 37 sample enterprises (1998–2012) 4 1.5 Forest maintenance and preservation by 44 sample counties (1998–2012). 4 1.6 Forest resources in 44 sample counties (1997–2012) 5 1.7 Forestry employees’
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