DOCSLIB.ORG

Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 32

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 32 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 32 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Photographs credited to MAP have been reproduced by kind permission of Military Aircraft Photographs. Copies of these, and of many others, may be obtained via http://www.mar.co.uk Crown Copyright/MOD. The photographs on pages 78 & 137 have been reproduced with permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. Other credits are as follows: 10 via Frank Cheesman; 77 Lincolnshire Echo; 20, 43, 147, 149 & 151 US Official. First published in the UK in 2004 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361 4231 Printed by Advance Book Printing Unit 9 Northmoor Park Church Road Northmoor OX29 5UH 3 CONTENTS THE TAIL TO TOOTH RATIO – ROYAL FLYING CORPS 8 AND AIR SERVICE CO-OPERATION IN MAINTENANCE TRAINING DURING WW I by Dr Roger G. Miller THE RAF AND THE US ARMY AIR CORPS BETWEEN THE 28 WARS by Air Cdre Henry Probert RAF-USAAF CO-OPERATION IN AIR SUPPORT IN NORTH 36 AFRICA DURING WW II by Dr Daniel Mortensen RISING FROM THE ASHES: ALLIED AIR POWER AND AIR 55 SUPPORT FOR THE 14th ARMY IN BURMA, 1943-1945 by Dr Sebastian Ritchie MORNING DISCUSSION 68 THE THOR IRBM by Dr Jacob Neufeld 72 RAF-USAF AIR POWER IN GERMANY DURING THE COLD 83 WAR by AVM Stuart Peach RAF-USAF CO-ORDINATION FOR COMMAND AND 94 CONTROL IN THE 1990-91 PERSIAN GULF WAR by Dr Mark D Mandeles AN RAF COMMANDER’S VIEW OF CO-OPERATION IN 111 THE 1990-91 GULF WAR by Air Chf Mshl Sir William Wratten AFTERNOON DISCUSSION 122 SUPPLEMENTARY PAPERS: THE JOINT COMMANDER’S OVERVIEW OF RAF/USAF 133 OPERATIONS IN THE 1991 GULF WAR by Air Chf Mshl Sir Patrick Hine ON EXCHANGE WITH THE UNITED STATES AIR FORCE - 140 A 1970s PERSPECTIVE by Gp Capt Richard Bates OPERATION TORCH – A SPECIFIC INSTANCE OF 146 RAF/USAAF CO-OPERATION condensed from the memoirs of AVM Sir Laurence Sinclair by the Editor JOHN TERRAINE – AN OBITUARY 152 FEEDBACK 153 BOOK REVIEWS 154 4 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal N B Baldwin CB CBE FRAeS Vice-Chairman Group Captain J D Heron OBE Secretary Group Captain K J Dearman Membership Secretary Dr Jack Dunham PhD CPsychol AMRAeS Treasurer J Boyes TD CA Members Air Commodore H A Probert MBE MA *J S Cox Esq BA MA *Dr M A Fopp MA FMA FIMgt *Group Captain C J Finn MPhil RAF *Wing Commander W A D Carter RAF Wing Commander C Cummings Editor & Publications Wing Commander C G Jefford MBE BA Manager *Ex Officio 5 SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS AAA Anti-Aircraft Artillery AAF (US) Army Air Force AEF American Expeditionary Forces AFB (US) Air Force Base ATO Air Tasking Order C2 Command and Control C3I Command, Control, Communications and Information (or Intelligence) CAOC Combined Air Operations Centre CAS Close Air Support CENTCOM (US) Central Command COMCENTAF Commander (US) Air Force, Central Command FDR Franklin Delano Roosevelt FM (US) Field Manual GWAPS Gulf War Air Power Survey ICBM Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile IRBM Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile JFACC Joint Force Air Component Commander KTO Kuwait Theatre of Operations LGB Laser Guided Bomb LLAD Low Level Air Defence ORB Operations Record Book (RAF Form 540) ROE Rules of Engagement SAC Strategic Air Command SAM Surface-to-Air Missile SEAD Suppression of Enemy Air Defences SMW Strategic Missile Wing USAMEAF United States Army Middle East Air Force WDAF Western Desert Air Force WDD Western Development Division Note on Spelling. To make the text more comfortable to read in the Old Country, I have taken the liberty of imposing the Society’s house style and anglicising most of the transatlantic renderings of the spelling of our common language, although I have generally respected the ‘colonial’ versions where they form part of the formal title of an appointment or institution. Ed 6 The Visiting Team pose with the IWM’s B-17 during their visit to the USAF Museum at Duxford.. 7 AIR POWER – ANGLO-AMERICAN PERSPECTIVES. RAF MUSEUM, HENDON, 21st OCTOBER 2003 WELCOME ADDRESS BY THE SOCIETY’S CHAIRMAN Air Vice-Marshal Nigel Baldwin CB CBE FRAeS Ladies and Gentlemen It is a pleasure for me not just to welcome the members of our own Society but, most particularly, friends from the US Air Force Historical Foundation for this joint seminar. We last met in this country in October 1990 when we looked at our activities together between 1941 and 1945. We recorded the papers and discussion that day in the Society’s Journal No 9. This time we are going back much further, even to WW I, but we will also come up to date with a look at the first Gulf War some ten years ago. Our visitors are led by their President, Lieutenant General Mike Nelson. He has just taken over from General Bill Smith whose initiative underpinned the visit and who chose today’s subject. So, this afternoon, General Smith will chair the session. This morning, we will be in the safe hands of Sir Richard Johns who needs little introduction to the members of the Society, but for the benefit of our visitors, perhaps I should point out a few of the highlights of his career: he taught the Prince of Wales to fly; he commanded the Royal Air Force’s Harrier base in Germany; he was Commander-in-Chief of Strike Command, a senior NATO commander and he completed his career as our Chief of the Air Staff (the equivalent of the USAF’s Chief of Staff). In his retirement, he luxuriates in an 11th Century castle just west of London overlooking Runnymede by order of Her Majesty the Queen…. But before Sir Richard takes the chair, let me just thank Dr Michael Fopp and his staff here at the Museum for their usual help and interest in us, and for the use of their splendid facilities – without them I don’t know what we would do. 8 THE TAIL TO TOOTH RATIO – ROYAL FLYING CORPS AND AIR SERVICE CO-OPERATION IN MAINTENANCE TRAINING DURING WW I Dr Roger G. Miller A former USAF officer, Dr Miller has been an historian since 1980 and has served as such at air force installations ranging from Denver, Colorado to Sembach, West Germany. He is currently on the staff of the Air Force History Support Office at Bolling AFB, Washington, DC where, among other activities, he administers the History of Air Power courses run for the benefit of the Air Force Intern Program and for personnel involved with the Air Force History and Museums Program. Little need exists here to detail the size, strength, and capability of the US Army at the time the United States declared war on the Central Powers in April 1917. Simply put, in every way possible, the US was incapable of sending a modern army to fight in Europe. A British military mission that reached Washington, DC a few weeks after the declaration accurately summarised the situation in four laconic, well- chosen words: ‘They are quite unprepared.’1 Seldom has the British talent for understatement been more appropriate. This situation, especially in the eyes of British and French leaders, would be complicated over the next year by the American determination to field a separate, independent US Army and a stubborn refusal to ‘amalgamate’ with the Allied armies.2 We could spend hours discussing the controversy over amalgamation, but suffice to say that Secretary of War Newton Baker’s instructions to the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Gen John J Pershing, issued on 26 May 1917, were clear and firm: ‘In military operations…….you are directed to co-operate with the forces of the other countries employed against the enemy, but in so doing the underlying idea must be kept in view that the forces of the United States are a separate and distinct component of the combined forces, the identity of which must be preserved.’3 And, as European leaders would soon discover, probably no American general between ‘Mad’ 9 Anthony Wayne and ‘Storming’ Norman Schwarzkopf could be more relentlessly determined to follow instructions – especially those he agreed with – than ‘Black Jack’ Pershing.4 Thus, the essential question was reduced to how best to organise, train, equip and deploy an independent US army starting from almost nothing. The answer, readily apparent to all competent observers, was that a timely American presence on the Western Front could only be attained through extraordinary assistance from the Allied powers. Since the United States would receive the vast majority of its modern war materials from France; since the AEF would be assembled and learn its trade in the heart of France; and since the Americans would take their place in the trenches on the eastern part of the Western Front, distant from the British army, it was logical that much of its preparation and training would be in French hands. Where ground warfare was concerned, this logic pretty much held true. When it came to aviation, however, the story was a good bit different.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 29
    ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 29 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. Copyright 2003: Royal Air Force Historical Society First published in the UK in 2003 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361-4231 Typeset by Creative Associates 115 Magdalen Road Oxford OX4 1RS Printed by Advance Book Printing Unit 9 Northmoor Park Church Road Northmoor OX29 5UH 3 CONTENTS BATTLE OF BRITAIN DAY. Address by Dr Alfred Price at the 5 AGM held on 12th June 2002 WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF THE LUFTWAFFE’S ‘TIP 24 AND RUN’ BOMBING ATTACKS, MARCH 1942-JUNE 1943? A winning British Two Air Forces Award paper by Sqn Ldr Chris Goss SUMMARY OF THE MINUTES OF THE SIXTEENTH 52 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING HELD IN THE ROYAL AIR FORCE CLUB ON 12th JUNE 2002 ON THE GROUND BUT ON THE AIR by Charles Mitchell 55 ST-OMER APPEAL UPDATE by Air Cdre Peter Dye 59 LIFE IN THE SHADOWS by Sqn Ldr Stanley Booker 62 THE MUNICIPAL LIAISON SCHEME by Wg Cdr C G Jefford 76 BOOK REVIEWS. 80 4 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal
    [Show full text]
  • FLAG of BOTSWANA - a BRIEF HISTORY Where in the World
    Part of the “History of National Flags” Series from Flagmakers FLAG OF BOTSWANA - A BRIEF HISTORY Where In The World Trivia You must be granted permission from the government to fly the flag. Technical Specification Adopted: 30th September 1966 Proportion: 2:3 Design: A light blue field with horizontal black stripe with white border. Colours: PMS – Blue: 284C Brief History On 31st of March 1885, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland established the Bechuanaland Protectorate when Boer freebooters threatened the people of Botswana. Rather than have a specific colonial flag the Union Jack of Great Britain and Ireland was flown. The Protectorate lasted until 1966 when Botswana became the independent country of the Republic of Botswana and gained its own flag. The flag is a blue field with horizontal black stripe with a white border. This design was specifically chosen to contrast with the flag of South African flag as the country was under apartheid and symbolises harmony and peace between black and European people. The Union Jack of Great Britain and Ireland The Flag of the Republic of Botswana (1885 to 1966) (1966 to Present Day) Coat of Arms of Botswana The Coat of Arms of Botswana were adopted in 1966 and features a shield with three cogwheels representing industry at the top, three waves representing water in the centre and a red bulls head representing cattle herding. At the sides of the shield are zebras; the right-hand zebra holds sorghum and the left hand zebra holds ivory. Underneath is the motto PULA that means ‘rain.’ The Standard of the President of Botswana The Standard of the President of Botswana takes the light blue field from the national flag with a white black-bordered circle with the Coat of Arms of Botswana in the centre.
    [Show full text]
  • Inscribed 6 (2).Pdf
    Inscribed6 CONTENTS 1 1. AVIATION 33 2. MILITARY 59 3. NAVAL 67 4. ROYALTY, POLITICIANS, AND OTHER PUBLIC FIGURES 180 5. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 195 6. HIGH LATITUDES, INCLUDING THE POLES 206 7. MOUNTAINEERING 211 8. SPACE EXPLORATION 214 9. GENERAL TRAVEL SECTION 1. AVIATION including books from the libraries of Douglas Bader and “Laddie” Lucas. 1. [AITKEN (Group Captain Sir Max)]. LARIOS (Captain José, Duke of Lerma). Combat over Spain. Memoirs of a Nationalist Fighter Pilot 1936–1939. Portrait frontispiece, illustrations. First edition. 8vo., cloth, pictorial dust jacket. London, Neville Spearman. nd (1966). £80 A presentation copy, inscribed on the half title page ‘To Group Captain Sir Max AitkenDFC. DSO. Let us pray that the high ideals we fought for, with such fervent enthusiasm and sacrifice, may never be allowed to perish or be forgotten. With my warmest regards. Pepito Lerma. May 1968’. From the dust jacket: ‘“Combat over Spain” is one of the few first-hand accounts of the Spanish Civil War, and is the only one published in England to be written from the Nationalist point of view’. Lerma was a bomber and fighter pilot for the duration of the war, flying 278 missions. Aitken, the son of Lord Beaverbrook, joined the RAFVR in 1935, and flew Blenheims and Hurricanes, shooting down 14 enemy aircraft. Dust jacket just creased at the head and tail of the spine. A formidable Vic formation – Bader, Deere, Malan. 2. [BADER (Group Captain Douglas)]. DEERE (Group Captain Alan C.) DOWDING Air Chief Marshal, Lord), foreword. Nine Lives. Portrait frontispiece, illustrations. First edition.
    [Show full text]
  • (British) Bibliography
    World War 2 (British) Bibliography Pegasus Bridge – Stephen E Ambrose *** Breaking the Panzers – The Bloody Battle For Rauray, Normandy, 1 July 1944 – Kevin Baverstock ***** Gunners At War 1939-1945 – Peter Beale ** Tank Tracks – 9th Battalion Royal Tank Regiment At War 1940-45 – Peter Beale **** Bataille de Caen – Jean-Pierre Benamou **** Battalion – A British Infantry Unit’s Actions From El Alamein To VE-Day – Alistair Borthwick **** Armoured Guardsmen – Robert Boscawen *** The British Soldier – From D-Day to VE-Day (Vols 1 & 2) – Jean Bouchery **** The Churchill Tank – Peter Chamberlain & Chris Ellis ** The Black Bull – From Normandy to the Baltic with the 11th Armoured Division – Patrick Delaforce **** Churchill’s Desert Rats – From Normandy to Berlin with the 7th Armoured Division – Patrick Delaforce **** Churchill’s Desert Rats 2 – North Africa, Italy and Burma with the 7th Armoured Division – Patrick Delaforce **** Churchill’s Secret Weapons – Patrick Delaforce *** Fighting Wessex Wyverns – From Normandy to Bremerhaven with the 43rd Division – Patrick Delaforce **** Marching To the Sound Of Gunfire – Patrick Delaforce ** Monty’s Highlanders – 51st (Highland) Division in WW2 – Patrick Delaforce *** Monty’s Ironsides – From the Normandy Beaches to Bremen with the 3rd Division – Patrick Delaforce **** Monty’s Marauders – ‘Black Rat’ 4th Armoured Brigade & ‘Red Fox’ 8th Armoured Brigade – Patrick Delaforce *** The Polar Bears (Monty’s Left Flank) – From Normandy to the Relief of Holland with the 49th Division – Patrick Delaforce ****
    [Show full text]
  • Library Additions BOOKS
    Library Additions BOOKS AERODYNAMICS Distributed by Transatlantic classic first-hand account by South Australia 5031 (https:// UK. 2002. 244pp. Illustrated. Publishers Group, 97 Sir Ross Smith of the epic first www.wakefieldpress.com.au/). ISBN 1-904010-00-8. Flight: and Some of its Greenham Road, London N10 flight to Australia in pursuit of a 2019. 357pp. $29.95 (Aust). Incorporating a number Little Secrets. F M Burrows. 1LN, UK. £116 [20% discount prize of £10,000 – which had ISBN 978-1-74305-663-9. of first-hand recollections, Published by the author, available to RAeS members been announced on 19 March A fictional reconstruction a compilation of concise London. 2017. iv; 322pp. on request; E mark.chaloner@ 1919 by the Australian Prime of the epic first flight to biographies of Air Chief Illustrated. £30. ISBN 978-1- tpgltd.co.uk ] ISBN 978-1- Minister Billy Hughes – for the Australia – the 135 hours 55 Marshal Sir Harry Broadhurst, 79569-651-7. 62410-538-8. first successful Australian- minutes 11,340 mile flight Air Vice-Marshal William Illustrated throughout crewed flight to Australia from of a Vickers Vimy in carefully Crawford-Compton, Squadron with numerous clear colour Both books can also be Great Britain in an aircraft planned stages from England Leader Dave Glaser, Flight diagrams, a well-illustrated purchased as a two-volume made in the British Empire to Australia by Ross and Keith Lieutenant Eric Lock, Flight introduction to the science of set for £165 [20% discount which was to be completed Smith – accompanied by their Lieutenant William ‘Tex’ Ash, fluid dynamics, aerodynamics available to RAeS members within 30 days.
    [Show full text]
  • The Quandary of Allied Logistics from D-Day to the Rhine
    THE QUANDARY OF ALLIED LOGISTICS FROM D-DAY TO THE RHINE By Parker Andrew Roberson November, 2018 Director: Dr. Wade G. Dudley Program in American History, Department of History This thesis analyzes the Allied campaign in Europe from the D-Day landings to the crossing of the Rhine to argue that, had American and British forces given the port of Antwerp priority over Operation Market Garden, the war may have ended sooner. This study analyzes the logistical system and the strategic decisions of the Allied forces in order to explore the possibility of a shortened European campaign. Three overall ideas are covered: logistics and the broad-front strategy, the importance of ports to military campaigns, and the consequences of the decisions of the Allied commanders at Antwerp. The analysis of these points will enforce the theory that, had Antwerp been given priority, the war in Europe may have ended sooner. THE QUANDARY OF ALLIED LOGISTICS FROM D-DAY TO THE RHINE A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Department of History East Carolina University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in History By Parker Andrew Roberson November, 2018 © Parker Roberson, 2018 THE QUANDARY OF ALLIED LOGISTICS FROM D-DAY TO THE RHINE By Parker Andrew Roberson APPROVED BY: DIRECTOR OF THESIS: Dr. Wade G. Dudley, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER: Dr. Gerald J. Prokopowicz, Ph.D. COMMITTEE MEMBER: Dr. Michael T. Bennett, Ph.D. CHAIR OF THE DEP ARTMENT OF HISTORY: Dr. Christopher Oakley, Ph.D. DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL: Dr. Paul J.
    [Show full text]
  • Suez 1956 24 Planning the Intervention 26 During the Intervention 35 After the Intervention 43 Musketeer Learning 55
    Learning from the History of British Interventions in the Middle East 55842_Kettle.indd842_Kettle.indd i 006/09/186/09/18 111:371:37 AAMM 55842_Kettle.indd842_Kettle.indd iiii 006/09/186/09/18 111:371:37 AAMM Learning from the History of British Interventions in the Middle East Louise Kettle 55842_Kettle.indd842_Kettle.indd iiiiii 006/09/186/09/18 111:371:37 AAMM Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences, combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic works of lasting importance. For more information visit our website: edinburghuniversitypress.com © Louise Kettle, 2018 Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road, 12(2f) Jackson’s Entry, Edinburgh EH8 8PJ Typeset in 11/1 3 Adobe Sabon by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd, and printed and bound in Great Britain. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 3795 0 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 3797 4 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 3798 1 (epub) The right of Louise Kettle to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). 55842_Kettle.indd842_Kettle.indd iivv 006/09/186/09/18 111:371:37 AAMM Contents Acknowledgements vii 1. Learning from History 1 Learning from History in Whitehall 3 Politicians Learning from History 8 Learning from the History of Military Interventions 9 How Do We Learn? 13 What is Learning from History? 15 Who Learns from History? 16 The Learning Process 18 Learning from the History of British Interventions in the Middle East 21 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Airpilotdec 2017 ISSUE 24
    AIR PILOT DEC 2017:AIR PILOT MASTER 29/11/17 09:25 Page 1 AirPilot DEC 2017 ISSUE 24 AIR PILOT DEC 2017:AIR PILOT MASTER 29/11/17 09:25 Page 2 Diary DECEMBER 2017 7th General Purposes & Finance Committee Cobham House AIR PILOT 14th Carol Service St. Michaels, Cornhill THE HONOURABLE COMPANY OF JANUARY 2018 AIR PILOTS 10th AST/APT meeting Dowgate Hill House incorporating 16th Air Pilots Benevolent Fund AGM RAF Club Air Navigators 18th General Purposes & Finance Committee Dowgate Hill House 18th Court & Election Dinner Cutlers’ Hall PATRON: His Royal Highness FEBRUARY 2018 The Prince Philip 7th Pilot Aptitude Testing RAF Cranwell Duke of Edinburgh KG KT 8th General Purposes & Finance Committee Dowgate Hill House 20th Luncheon Club RAF Club GRAND MASTER: His Royal Highness The Prince Andrew Duke of York KG GCVO MASTER: VISITS PROGRAMME Captain C J Spurrier Please see the flyers accompanying this issue of Air Pilot or contact Liveryman David Curgenven at [email protected]. CLERK: These flyers can also be downloaded from the Company's website. Paul J Tacon BA FCIS Please check on the Company website for visits that are to be confirmed. Incorporated by Royal Charter. A Livery Company of the City of London. PUBLISHED BY: GOLF CLUB EVENTS The Honourable Company of Air Pilots, Please check on Company website for latest information Cobham House, 9 Warwick Court, Gray’s Inn, London WC1R 5DJ. EDITOR: Paul Smiddy BA (Eco n), FCA EMAIL: [email protected] FUNCTION PHOTOGRAPHY: Gerald Sharp Photography View images and order prints on-line. TELEPHONE: 020 8599 5070 EMAIL: [email protected] WEBSITE: www.sharpphoto.co.uk PRINTED BY: Printed Solutions Ltd 01494 478870 Except where specifically stated, none of the material in this issue is to be taken as expressing the opinion of the Court of the Company.
    [Show full text]
  • Omaha Beach- Normandy, France Historic Trail
    OMAHA BEACH- NORMANDY, FRANCE HISTORIC TRAIL OMAHA BEACH-NORMANDY, FRANCE HISTORIC TRANSATLANTICTRAIL COUNCIL How to Use This Guide This Field Guide contains information on the Omaha Beach- Normandy Historical Trail designed by members of the Transatlantic Council. The guide is intended to be a starting point in your endeavor to learn about the history of the sites on the trail. Remember, this may be the only time your Scouts visit the Omaha Beach area in their life so make it a great time! While TAC tries to update these Field Guides when possible, it may be several years before the next revision. If you have comments or suggestions, please send them to [email protected] or post them on the TAC Nation Facebook Group Page at https://www.facebook.com/groups/27951084309/. This guide can be printed as a 5½ x 4¼ inch pamphlet or read on a tablet or smart phone. Front Cover: Troops of the 1st Infantry Division land on Omaha Beach Front Cover Inset: Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial OMAHA BEACH-NORMANDY, FRANCE 2 HISTORIC TRAIL Table of Contents Getting Prepared……………………… 4 What is the Historic Trail…………5 Historic Trail Route……………. 6-18 Trail Map & Pictures..…….…..19-25 Background Material………..26-28 Quick Quiz…………………………..…… 29 B.S.A. Requirements…………..……30 Notes……………………………………..... 31 OMAHA BEACH-NORMANDY, FRANCE HISTORIC TRAIL 3 Getting Prepared Just like with any hike (or any activity in Scouting), the Historic Trail program starts with Being Prepared. 1. Review this Field Guide in detail. 2. Check local conditions and weather. 3. Study and Practice with the map and compass.
    [Show full text]
  • Pacifica Military History Sample Chapters 1
    Pacifica Military History Sample Chapters 1 WELCOME TO Pacifica Military History FREE SAMPLE CHAPTERS *** The 28 sample chapters in this free document are drawn from books written or co-written by noted military historian Eric Hammel. All of the books are featured on the Pacifca Military History website http://www.PacificaMilitary.com where the books are for sale direct to the public. Each sample chapter in this file is preceded by a line or two of information about the book's current status and availability. Most are available in print and all the books represented in this collection are available in Kindle editions. Eric Hammel has also written and compiled a number of chilling combat pictorials, which are not featured here due to space restrictions. For more information and links to the pictorials, please visit his personal website, Eric Hammel’s Books. All of Eric Hammel's books that are currently available can be found at http://www.EricHammelBooks.com with direct links to Amazon.com purchase options, This html document comes in its own executable (exe) file. You may keep it as long as you like, but you may not print or copy its contents. You may, however, pass copies of the original exe file along to as many people as you want, and they may pass it along too. The sample chapters in this free document are all available for free viewing at Eric Hammel's Books. *** Copyright © 2009 by Eric Hammel All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Effects-Based Operations: Change in the Nature of Warfare
    CHANGE IN THE NATURE OF WARFARE Brigadier General David A. Deptula Aerospace Education Foundation DEFENSE AND AIRPOWER SERIES Effects-Based Operations: Change In the Nature of Warfare Aerospace Education Foundation The Aerospace Education Foundation (AEF) is dedicated to ensuring America’s aerospace excellence through education, scholarships, grants, awards and public awareness programs. The Foundation also publishes a series of studies and forums on aerospace and national security. The Eaker Institute is the public policy and research arm of AEF. AEF works through a network of thousands of Air Force Association members and 300 chapters to distribute educational material to schools and concerned citizens. An example of this includes “Visions of Exploration,” an AEF/USA TODAY multi-disciplinary science, math and social studies program. To find out how you can support aerospace excel- lence visit us on the Web at www.AEF.org. Air Force Association The Air Force Association (AFA) is an independent, nonprofit, civil- ian organization promoting public understanding of aerospace power and the pivotal role it plays in the security of the nation. AFA publishes Air Force Magazine, sponsors national symposia and disseminates information through outreach programs of its affiliate, the Aerospace Education Foundation. Learn more about AFA by visiting us on the Web at www.AFA.org. Published 2001 by Aerospace Education Foundation 1501 Lee Highway, Arlington, Virginia 22209-1198 Tel: (703) 247-5839 Fax: (703) 247-5853 Design and graphics by LiveWire Corporate
    [Show full text]
  • \Aircraft Recognition Manual
    Jf V t 9fn I 4-'!- Vw'^ ' 'o | ^ renai; 408.$ /•> ,A1.AI / -3o FM DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FM 30-30 DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NavWeps 00-80T-75 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AFM 50-40 MARINE CORPS NavMC 2522 \AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION MANUAL SI ISSUED BY DIRECTION OF\ CHIEF OF BUREAU OF NAVAL WEAPONS \ \ I 4 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FM 30-30 DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY NavWeps 00-80T-75 DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE AFM 50-40 MARINE CORPS NavMC 2522 AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION MANUAL •a ISSUED BY DIRECTION OF CHIEF OF BUREAU OF NAVAL WEAPONS JUNE 1962 DEPARTMENTS OF THE ARMY, THE NAVY AND THE AIR FORCE, WASHINGTON 25, D.C., 15 June 1962 FM 30-30/NAVWEPS 00-80T-75/AFM 50-40/NAVMC 2522, Aircraft Recognition Manual, is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. i BY ORDER OF THE SECRETARIES OF THE ARMY, THE NAVY, AND THE AIR FORCE: G. H. DECKER, General, Umted States Army, Official: Chief of Staff. J. C. LAMBERT, Major General, United States Army, The Adjutant General. PAUL D. STROOP Rear Admiral, United States Navy, Chief, Bureau of Naval Weapons. CURTIS E. LEMAY, Official: Chief of Staff, United States Air Force, R. J. PUGH, Colonel, United States Air Force, Director of Administrative Services. C. H. HAYES, Major General, U.S. Marine Corps, Deputy Chief of Staff (Plans). H DISTRIBUTION: ARMY: Active Army : DCSPER (1) Inf/Mech Div Co/Btry/Trp 7-2 44-112 ACSI (1) (5) except Arm/Abn Div 7- 44-236 52 DCSLOG (2) Co/Trp (1) 8- 44-237 137 DCSOPS(5) MDW (1) 8-500 (AA- 44-446 ACSRC (1) Svc Colleges (3) AH) 44447 CNGB (1) Br Svc Sch (5) except 10-201 44^536
    [Show full text]