DOCSLIB.ORG

The Value of Ex Situ Collections for Global Biodiversity Conservation in the Wild by Andrew Mooney B.A

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Value of Ex Situ Collections for Global Biodiversity Conservation in the Wild by Andrew Mooney B.A The value of ex situ collections for global biodiversity conservation in the wild by Andrew Mooney B.A. (Mod.), Zoology, 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Natural Sciences (Zoology) Trinity College Dublin The University of Dublin 2021 CC-BY-SA Declaration I declare that this thesis has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university and it is entirely my own work, except where contributions from co-authors and collaborators are explicitly mentioned within the authorship contributions statement accompanying each chapter. I agree to deposit this thesis in the University’s open access institutional repository or allow the Library to do so on my behalf, subject to Irish Copyright Legislation and Trinity College Library conditions of use and acknowledgement. Andrew Mooney ii Summary Despite the best efforts of conservation practitioners global biodiversity is continuing to decline. The role of zoos and aquariums in conserving global biodiversity ex situ has become increasingly important as more species become threatened with extinction. As ex situ conservation resources are limited, evidence-based decision making is required to identify, and prioritise, the management actions necessary to increase the potential of ex situ conservation efforts. The efficacy of ex situ conservation efforts is currently hindered by 1) entrenched taxonomic biases in collection planning and the prioritisation of large, charismatic vertebrates, 2) the unsustainability of ex situ populations due to limited space availability and management practices, and 3) limited considerations of the potential for ex situ collections to conserve and reintroduce genetic variation into populations using biological samples and advanced reproductive technologies. In this thesis I explore the multifaceted contribution of ex situ collections to global biodiversity conservation. I focus on the importance of standardised, globally shared ex situ records, and their potential to inform collection planning, population sustainability and genetic conservation decision-making. In Chapter 2 I addressed the taxonomic bias in collection planning and assessed the importance of large, charismatic vertebrates in driving both visitor attendance and fundraising for conservation in the wild. Using data from >450 zoological collections globally I identified a net positive effect of large charismatic vertebrates on both visitor attendance, and subsequently conservation fundraising. I also revealed that numerous other factors, such as species richness and species uniqueness, play equally important roles. I suggest that the taxonomic bias in collection planning is potentially an effective conservation strategy, but encourage a more creative approach to collection planning and an assessment of the conservation potential of traditionally non-charismatic species. In Chapter 3 I investigated the potential of globally shared zoological records to provide the management insights necessary to increase the sustainability of ex situ populations, utilising 753 ex situ flamingo (Phoenicopteridae) populations as a case study. I both confirm and contradict existing management guidelines, highlighting the potential of globally shared zoological records, and provide species-specific management recommendations to promote the sustainability of ex situ flamingo populations. In Chapters 4 and 5 I highlighted the role of ex situ collections in conserving the genetic diversity of living populations in gene banks, such as the San Diego Zoo Frozen Zoo®, and the potential of iii ex situ samples to contribute to future genetic rescue and de-extinction efforts. In Chapter 4 I revealed that 5.1% of all threatened amphibian, bird, mammal, and reptile species are represented within the San Diego Zoo Frozen Zoo® and that further sampling from within the global zoo and aquarium community could increase this representation to 16.5%. I provide future sampling suggestions based on both sampling opportunities and existing conservation priorities. In Chapter 5 I addressed the taxonomic bias in de-extinction research and prioritised for de-extinction investigation the 122 species of recently extinct plants, incorporating both the feasibility and the probability of reintroduction success. I show that ex situ samples, such as herbarium specimens, are currently available for nearly all recently extinct plant species, each with the potential to provide seeds capable of germination. These studies highlight the importance of ex situ samples in conserving genetic diversity and their potential to reintroduce genetic variation into existing populations, enhancing ecosystem health and stability. This thesis illustrates the important conservation and management insights that can be derived from globally shared ex situ records, providing the recommendations necessary to increase the efficacy of global ex situ conservation efforts. The current rate of biodiversity loss suggests that the importance of ex situ conservation is only going to increase, however the limited resources available mean that evidence-based decision-making is necessary to ensure conservation opportunities are not overlooked and that existing strategies are effective in achieving their goals. This thesis demonstrates the multi-faceted contribution of ex situ collections to global biodiversity conservation and highlights their future potential, conserving not only individual species, but also ecosystems and the services vital to sustaining human civilisation. iv Acknowledgements The last four years have been an incredible journey, filled with so much love and support from everyone around me. This would not have been possible without the support of my supervisors Yvonne Buckley, Dalia Conde and Kevin Healy, for which I am forever grateful. Yvonne, thank you for believing in both me and this project, and giving me the research freedom to follow my own intuition and passions. More than anything you showed me what it means to be a good scientist, professionally and personally, and I have learned so much from you. I could not have asked for a more supportive supervisor and I will forever be grateful to you for this incredible opportunity. To the Zoology Department, I can’t think of a more supportive or creative place that I could have spent the last four years, thank you for making work never feel like work. Andrew Jackson, thank you for your support as part of my Steering Committee and for going along with every crazy idea I suggested. To the Buckley Lab (Maude, Caroline, Andrew, Aoibheann, Annabel and Ruth), thank you for letting me impose my love of large, charismatic vertebrates on all of you all and telling me when my models were terrible. Thanks to the Festive Office, Maureen and Alain, you made sure there was a never a dull day and have helped me in more ways than you can imagine. Also Maureen, thank you for making sure I got fieldwork during my PhD, even if the water was cold. To Paula, my OG, who would have thought that four years would go by so fast. Going on this journey with you has been a roller-coaster, from start to finish, but I can’t think of anyone else who I would be more grateful to have by my side. I feel so lucky to have gotten to know you and to be able to count you as a close friend. Rachel, you may have left Ireland, but you have no idea how thankful I am for every trip to the Equine Centre, every rant over a badger dissection and every Eddie’s, getting to call you a friend means that no matter what, at least I did one thing right. Floriane and Laura, I may have started my PhD teaching you guys, but by the end of it you taught me so much more, thank you guys for all your support and an almost endless supply of gossip. Sam and Jenny, thank you for not judging my taste in cheese or sushi, and for making me appreciate sharks and soundscapes. Nadia, thank you for every late-night call in San Diego and for always reminding me there is a world outside academia. Thank you for your constant friendship and support, you have shown me what ohana really means and I feel so proud to call v you a friend. Shannen, it’s been a long time since we first met at the back of Goldsmith Hall, but thank you for sharing a tent with me in Kenya and for every coffee rant and bee pun since. Michelle, thank you for always making me feel like one of the Kelly’s, having one family is great, but the support of two has meant the world to me. Rita and Johanna, thank you for making me feel like part of the family, even though we were rarely in the same country. Without your technical support and people management skills this journey would have been very different. You made every conference, trip to Odense and staff retreat feel like home, and your friendship is something I will always cherish. Thank you to everyone at Species360 for your dedication to globally shared zoological records. Jim and Elisabeth, thank you for your constant support and excitement over the work I was doing. Josh and Erika, thank you for embracing my weirdness and showing me what American culture really is. To San Diego Zoo Global and Fulbright Ireland, thank you for an incredible academic and cultural opportunity that I will never forget. Thanks to my ICR Family (Julie, Marlys, Ollie, Aparna, Brigid, Katy and Aryn) for welcoming me and showing me what zoo research really looks like. Taylor Swift, thank you for providing the soundtrack to my life and for reminding me that even though there are going to be people who will try to undercut my success or take credit for my accomplishments, that it was me and the people who love me who put me here, and that is the greatest feeling in the world. This is EPIC!! Aaron, meeting and getting to know you has been one of the most challenging and rewarding things I have done over the last four years.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Wednesday-3Rd-February-2021(PDF)
    Wednesday 3rd February 2021 Year 3! Good Morning Year 3 Thanks for all of the awesome work you sent in this week so far! We are all so impressed! It’s Joe Wicks time again - Have a go if you feel like it! The option is there! https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAxW1XT0iEJo0TYlRfn6rYQ Morning challenge SPaG Guess the word with the -tion ending Invention ANSWERS Pollution Potion Station Imagination Remember to practice your spellings each day Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 action action pollution fiction fiction invention option option injection station pollution hesitation lotion invention education potion injection imagination Literacy Thank you for all of the beautifully, descriptive storm writing that you sent in yesterday. We really enjoyed reading them! LO: I can plan a story Today we are going to finish the story... The storm passed and the animals knew that the terrible waves had carried them far, far away. They thought of their homes and how much they missed them. As they sailed on they all felt very lost on the big blue sea. A Dodo watched from his Island as the boat and its animals came into view. ‘Hello there!’ He called to them as they sailed closer. ‘We’re lost!’ shouted the Polar Bear to the Dodo. ‘We’ve sailed too far and now we want to go home.’ ‘Well of course you can go home,’ said the Dodo ‘Really?’ said the animals together. ‘When?’ ‘You can go home when the trees grow back and when the ice returns and when the cities stop getting bigger and when the hunting stops.’ ‘Oh’ said the Orangutan thoughtfully.
    [Show full text]
  • The Extinction and De-Extinction of Species
    Linfield University DigitalCommons@Linfield Faculty Publications Faculty Scholarship & Creative Works 2017 The Extinction and De-Extinction of Species Helena Siipi University of Turku Leonard Finkelman Linfield College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/philfac_pubs Part of the Biology Commons, and the Philosophy of Science Commons DigitalCommons@Linfield Citation Siipi, Helena and Finkelman, Leonard, "The Extinction and De-Extinction of Species" (2017). Faculty Publications. Accepted Version. Submission 3. https://digitalcommons.linfield.edu/philfac_pubs/3 This Accepted Version is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It is brought to you for free via open access, courtesy of DigitalCommons@Linfield, with permission from the rights-holder(s). Your use of this Accepted Version must comply with the Terms of Use for material posted in DigitalCommons@Linfield, or with other stated terms (such as a Creative Commons license) indicated in the record and/or on the work itself. For more information, or if you have questions about permitted uses, please contact [email protected]. The extinction and de-extinction of species I. Introduction WhendeathcameforCelia,ittooktheformoftree.Heedlessofthedangerposed bybranchesoverladenwithsnow,CeliawanderedthroughthelandscapeofSpain’s OrdesanationalparkinJanuary2000.branchfellonherskullandcrushedit.So deathcameandtookher,leavingbodytobefoundbyparkrangersandlegacyto bemournedbyconservationistsaroundtheworld. Theconservationistsmournednotonlythedeathoftheorganism,butalsoan
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 182 / Friday, September 19, 1997 / Proposed Rules
    49398 Federal Register / Vol. 62, No. 182 / Friday, September 19, 1997 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR time. The information on candidate taxa Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New will be revised and updated continually Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Fish and Wildlife Service by the Regional Offices identified as Island, Vermont, Virginia, and West having lead responsibility for the Virginia. 50 CFR Part 17 particular taxa. The Service anticipates Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 300 Westgate Center Endangered and Threatened Wildlife publishing annually an update of the Drive, Hadley, Massachusetts 01035± and Plants; Review of Plant and candidate notice of review, annual notice of findings on recycled petitions, 9589 (413/253±8615). Animal Taxa That Are Candidates or Region 6. Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Proposed for Listing as Endangered or and annual description of progress on listing actions. Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Threatened, Annual Notice of Findings Utah, and Wyoming. on Recycled Petitions, and Annual ADDRESSES: Interested persons or organizations should submit comments Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and Description of Progress on Listing Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 25486, Actions regarding a particular taxon to the Regional Director of the Region Denver Federal Center, Denver, AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, identified as having the lead Colorado 80225±0486 (303/236±7398). Interior. responsibility for that taxon. Comments Region 7. Alaska. Regional Director (TE), U.S. Fish and ACTION: Notice of review. of a more general nature may be Wildlife Service, 1011 East Tudor Road, submitted to the Chief, Division of Anchorage, Alaska 99503±6199 (907/ SUMMARY: In this document, the Fish Endangered Species, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • A Landscape-Based Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability for All Native Hawaiian Plants
    Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDscape-bASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMatE CHANGE VULNEraBILITY FOR ALL NatIVE HAWAIIAN PLANts Lucas Fortini1,2, Jonathan Price3, James Jacobi2, Adam Vorsino4, Jeff Burgett1,4, Kevin Brinck5, Fred Amidon4, Steve Miller4, Sam `Ohukani`ohi`a Gon III6, Gregory Koob7, and Eben Paxton2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawai‘i at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service —Ecological Services, Division of Climate Change and Strategic Habitat Management, Honolulu, HI 96850 5 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawai‘i National Park, HI 96718 6 The Nature Conservancy, Hawai‘i Chapter, Honolulu, HI 96817 7 USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Hawaii/Pacific Islands Area State Office, Honolulu, HI 96850 Hawai‘i Cooperative Studies Unit University of Hawai‘i at Hilo 200 W. Kawili St. Hilo, HI 96720 (808) 933-0706 November 2013 This product was prepared under Cooperative Agreement CAG09AC00070 for the Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center of the U.S. Geological Survey. Technical Report HCSU-044 A LANDSCAPE-BASED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY FOR ALL NATIVE HAWAIIAN PLANTS LUCAS FORTINI1,2, JONATHAN PRICE3, JAMES JACOBI2, ADAM VORSINO4, JEFF BURGETT1,4, KEVIN BRINCK5, FRED AMIDON4, STEVE MILLER4, SAM ʽOHUKANIʽOHIʽA GON III 6, GREGORY KOOB7, AND EBEN PAXTON2 1 Pacific Islands Climate Change Cooperative, Honolulu, HI 96813 2 U.S. Geological Survey, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, Hawaiʽi National Park, HI 96718 3 Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, University of Hawaiʽi at Hilo, Hilo, HI 96720 4 U.
    [Show full text]
  • CITES Orchid Checklist Volumes 1, 2 & 3 Combined
    CITES Orchid Checklist Online Version Volumes 1, 2 & 3 Combined (three volumes merged together as pdf files) Available at http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/data/cites.html Important: Please read the Introduction before reading this Part Introduction - OrchidIntro.pdf Part I : All names in current use - OrchidPartI.pdf (this file) Part II: Accepted names in current use - OrchidPartII.pdf Part III: Country Checklist - OrchidPartIII.pdf For the genera: Aerangis, Angraecum, Ascocentrum, Bletilla, Brassavola, Calanthe, Catasetum, Cattleya, Constantia, Cymbidium, Cypripedium, Dendrobium (selected sections only), Disa, Dracula, Encyclia, Laelia, Miltonia, Miltonioides, Miltoniopsis, Paphiopedilum, Paraphalaenopsis, Phalaenopsis, Phragmipedium, Pleione, Renanthera, Renantherella, Rhynchostylis, Rossioglossum, Sophronitella, Sophronitis Vanda and Vandopsis Compiled by: Jacqueline A Roberts, Lee R Allman, Sharon Anuku, Clive R Beale, Johanna C Benseler, Joanne Burdon, Richard W Butter, Kevin R Crook, Paul Mathew, H Noel McGough, Andrew Newman & Daniela C Zappi Assisted by a selected international panel of orchid experts Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew Copyright 2002 The Trustees of The Royal Botanic Gardens Kew CITES Secretariat Printed volumes: Volume 1 first published in 1995 - Volume 1: ISBN 0 947643 87 7 Volume 2 first published in 1997 - Volume 2: ISBN 1 900347 34 2 Volume 3 first published in 2001 - Volume 3: ISBN 1 84246 033 1 General editor of series: Jacqueline A Roberts 2 Part I: ORCHIDACEAE BINOMIALS IN CURRENT USAGE Ordered alphabetically on All
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Natural Product Research
    AUSTRALIAN NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH J. R. PRICE Chtmzical Research Laboratories, C.S.I.R.O., Melbourne, Australia At a meeting of this kind, a considerable proportion of the papers delivered will inevitably be concerned with work carried out in the host country. I have assumed, therefore, that the purpose of the Organizing Committee in inviting me to speak to you about Australian natural product chemistry was to provide a framework for the picture which thesepaperswill present. To do this it will be necessary forme to tell you a little about the historical background. We are told that, in 1788, the first year ofEuropean settlement in Australia, the essential oil of Eucalyptus piperita was distilled and used medicinally as a substitute for oil of peppermint. But it seems unlikely that the enterprise shown by those early settlers had any significant inftuence on the utilization or study of the country's plant products1 • It was not until 1852 that the distillation of essential oils was investigated seriously, and was later placed on a commercial basis, by a man named J oseph Bosisto, who set up a still, only a few miles from here, outside Melbourne. I t is not clear whether the credit for this action is due solely to Bosisto, because at about the same time a second, and very significant, character appeared on the scene. This was Ferdinand von Mueller, a German from Rostock, who became Government Botanist ofVictoria in 1853 and made a magnificant contribu­ tion to the botanical exploration of Australia and to the systematic study and description of the Australian ftora.
    [Show full text]
  • South Cameroon)
    Plant Ecology and Evolution 152 (1): 8–29, 2019 https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2019.1547 CHECKLIST Mine versus Wild: a plant conservation checklist of the rich Iron-Ore Ngovayang Massif Area (South Cameroon) Vincent Droissart1,2,3,8,*, Olivier Lachenaud3,4, Gilles Dauby1,5, Steven Dessein4, Gyslène Kamdem6, Charlemagne Nguembou K.6, Murielle Simo-Droissart6, Tariq Stévart2,3,4, Hermann Taedoumg6,7 & Bonaventure Sonké2,3,6,8 1AMAP Lab, IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France 2Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa and Madagascar Department, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. 3Herbarium et Bibliothèque de Botanique africaine, C.P. 265, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 4Meise Botanic Garden, Domein van Bouchout, Nieuwelaan 38, BE-1860 Meise, Belgium 5Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Faculté des Sciences, C.P. 160/12, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 50 Avenue F. Roosevelt, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium 6Plant Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 047, Yaoundé, Cameroon 7Bioversity International, P.O. Box 2008 Messa, Yaoundé, Cameroon 8International Joint Laboratory DYCOFAC, IRD-UYI-IRGM, BP1857, Yaoundé, Cameroon *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background and aims – The rapid expansion of human activities in South Cameroon, particularly mining in mountainous areas, threatens this region’s exceptional biodiversity. To comprehend the effects of land- use change on plant diversity and identify conservation priorities, we aim at providing a first comprehensive plant checklist of the Ngovayang Massif, focusing on the two richest plant families, Orchidaceae and Rubiaceae.
    [Show full text]
  • Epilist 1.0: a Global Checklist of Vascular Epiphytes
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 EpiList 1.0: a global checklist of vascular epiphytes Zotz, Gerhard ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Kessler, Michael ; Kreft, Holger ; Taylor, Amanda Abstract: Epiphytes make up roughly 10% of all vascular plant species globally and play important functional roles, especially in tropical forests. However, to date, there is no comprehensive list of vas- cular epiphyte species. Here, we present EpiList 1.0, the first global list of vascular epiphytes based on standardized definitions and taxonomy. We include obligate epiphytes, facultative epiphytes, and hemiepiphytes, as the latter share the vulnerable epiphytic stage as juveniles. Based on 978 references, the checklist includes >31,000 species of 79 plant families. Species names were standardized against World Flora Online for seed plants and against the World Ferns database for lycophytes and ferns. In cases of species missing from these databases, we used other databases (mostly World Checklist of Selected Plant Families). For all species, author names and IDs for World Flora Online entries are provided to facilitate the alignment with other plant databases, and to avoid ambiguities. EpiList 1.0 will be a rich source for synthetic studies in ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology as it offers, for the first time, a species‐level overview over all currently known vascular epiphytes. At the same time, the list represents work in progress: species descriptions of epiphytic taxa are ongoing and published life form information in floristic inventories and trait and distribution databases is often incomplete and sometimes evenwrong.
    [Show full text]
  • Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service
    Monday, November 9, 2009 Part III Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Native Species That Are Candidates for Listing as Endangered or Threatened; Annual Notice of Findings on Resubmitted Petitions; Annual Description of Progress on Listing Actions; Proposed Rule VerDate Nov<24>2008 17:08 Nov 06, 2009 Jkt 220001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\09NOP3.SGM 09NOP3 jlentini on DSKJ8SOYB1PROD with PROPOSALS3 57804 Federal Register / Vol. 74, No. 215 / Monday, November 9, 2009 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR October 1, 2008, through September 30, for public inspection by appointment, 2009. during normal business hours, at the Fish and Wildlife Service We request additional status appropriate Regional Office listed below information that may be available for in under Request for Information in 50 CFR Part 17 the 249 candidate species identified in SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. General [Docket No. FWS-R9-ES-2009-0075; MO- this CNOR. information we receive will be available 9221050083–B2] DATES: We will accept information on at the Branch of Candidate this Candidate Notice of Review at any Conservation, Arlington, VA (see Endangered and Threatened Wildlife time. address above). and Plants; Review of Native Species ADDRESSES: This notice is available on Candidate Notice of Review That Are Candidates for Listing as the Internet at http:// Endangered or Threatened; Annual www.regulations.gov, and http:// Background Notice of Findings on Resubmitted endangered.fws.gov/candidates/ The Endangered Species Act of 1973, Petitions; Annual Description of index.html.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Fire Recovery of Woody Plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion
    Post-fire recovery of woody plants in the New England Tableland Bioregion Peter J. ClarkeA, Kirsten J. E. Knox, Monica L. Campbell and Lachlan M. Copeland Botany, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, AUSTRALIA. ACorresponding author; email: [email protected] Abstract: The resprouting response of plant species to fire is a key life history trait that has profound effects on post-fire population dynamics and community composition. This study documents the post-fire response (resprouting and maturation times) of woody species in six contrasting formations in the New England Tableland Bioregion of eastern Australia. Rainforest had the highest proportion of resprouting woody taxa and rocky outcrops had the lowest. Surprisingly, no significant difference in the median maturation length was found among habitats, but the communities varied in the range of maturation times. Within these communities, seedlings of species killed by fire, mature faster than seedlings of species that resprout. The slowest maturing species were those that have canopy held seed banks and were killed by fire, and these were used as indicator species to examine fire immaturity risk. Finally, we examine whether current fire management immaturity thresholds appear to be appropriate for these communities and find they need to be amended. Cunninghamia (2009) 11(2): 221–239 Introduction Maturation times of new recruits for those plants killed by fire is also a critical biological variable in the context of fire Fire is a pervasive ecological factor that influences the regimes because this time sets the lower limit for fire intervals evolution, distribution and abundance of woody plants that can cause local population decline or extirpation (Keith (Whelan 1995; Bond & van Wilgen 1996; Bradstock et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Kew Science Publications for the Academic Year 2017–18
    KEW SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS FOR THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2017–18 FOR THE ACADEMIC Kew Science Publications kew.org For the academic year 2017–18 ¥ Z i 9E ' ' . -,i,c-"'.'f'l] Foreword Kew’s mission is to be a global resource in We present these publications under the four plant and fungal knowledge. Kew currently has key questions set out in Kew’s Science Strategy over 300 scientists undertaking collection- 2015–2020: based research and collaborating with more than 400 organisations in over 100 countries What plants and fungi occur to deliver this mission. The knowledge obtained 1 on Earth and how is this from this research is disseminated in a number diversity distributed? p2 of different ways from annual reports (e.g. stateoftheworldsplants.org) and web-based What drivers and processes portals (e.g. plantsoftheworldonline.org) to 2 underpin global plant and academic papers. fungal diversity? p32 In the academic year 2017-2018, Kew scientists, in collaboration with numerous What plant and fungal diversity is national and international research partners, 3 under threat and what needs to be published 358 papers in international peer conserved to provide resilience reviewed journals and books. Here we bring to global change? p54 together the abstracts of some of these papers. Due to space constraints we have Which plants and fungi contribute to included only those which are led by a Kew 4 important ecosystem services, scientist; a full list of publications, however, can sustainable livelihoods and natural be found at kew.org/publications capital and how do we manage them? p72 * Indicates Kew staff or research associate authors.
    [Show full text]
  • *Wagner Et Al. --Intro
    NUMBER 60, 58 pages 15 September 1999 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS HAWAIIAN VASCULAR PLANTS AT RISK: 1999 WARREN L. WAGNER, MARIE M. BRUEGMANN, DERRAL M. HERBST, AND JOEL Q.C. LAU BISHOP MUSEUM PRESS HONOLULU Printed on recycled paper Cover illustration: Lobelia gloria-montis Rock, an endemic lobeliad from Maui. [From Wagner et al., 1990, Manual of flowering plants of Hawai‘i, pl. 57.] A SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 1998 Research publications of Bishop Museum are issued irregularly in the RESEARCH following active series: • Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. A series of short papers PUBLICATIONS OF describing original research in the natural and cultural sciences. Publications containing larger, monographic works are issued in BISHOP MUSEUM four areas: • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Anthropology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Botany • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology • Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology Numbering by volume of Occasional Papers ceased with volume 31. Each Occasional Paper now has its own individual number starting with Number 32. Each paper is separately paginated. The Museum also publishes Bishop Museum Technical Reports, a series containing information relative to scholarly research and collections activities. Issue is authorized by the Museum’s Scientific Publications Committee, but manuscripts do not necessarily receive peer review and are not intended as formal publications. Institutions and individuals may subscribe to any of the above or pur- chase separate publications from Bishop Museum Press, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-0916, USA. Phone: (808) 848-4135; fax: (808) 841-8968; email: [email protected]. Institutional libraries interested in exchanging publications should write to: Library Exchange Program, Bishop Museum Library, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-0916, USA; fax: (808) 848-4133; email: [email protected].
    [Show full text]