DOCSLIB.ORG

242 Pakistan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
242 Pakistan Pakistan: Countering Militancy in PATA Asia Report N°242 | 15 January 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. PATA’s Legal Framework and the Roots of Conflict ........................................................ 3 A. Constitutional and Legal Status ................................................................................. 3 B. The Onset of Islamist Militancy ................................................................................. 5 1. Revolt of the elite .................................................................................................. 5 2. Empowering militants .......................................................................................... 7 III. The Military Operation in Malakand ............................................................................... 11 A. Scorching the Earth ................................................................................................... 11 B. The Morning After ..................................................................................................... 12 1. Security challenges in Swat and Dir ..................................................................... 12 2. Growing violence in Chitral .................................................................................. 14 IV. The State’s Response: Progress or Regression? ............................................................... 16 A. The Detainee Conundrum ......................................................................................... 16 1. Justice denied ....................................................................................................... 16 2. Deradicalisation efforts ........................................................................................ 20 B. Outsourcing Law Enforcement .................................................................................. 21 V. PATA’s Militarisation ....................................................................................................... 22 A. Controlling Malakand ................................................................................................ 22 B. Economic Encroachment ........................................................................................... 23 C. The Costs of Conflict .................................................................................................. 24 VI. Moving Forward ............................................................................................................... 27 A. Improving Policing .................................................................................................... 27 B. Legal Reforms ............................................................................................................ 30 1. Parallel Legal Systems .......................................................................................... 30 2. Anti-Terrorism laws ............................................................................................. 31 C. Political Ownership .................................................................................................... 34 VII. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 38 APPENDICES A. Map of Pakistan ................................................................................................................ 39 B. Map of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province and FATA .......................................................... 40 C. Glossary of Acronyms ....................................................................................................... 41 International Crisis Group Asia Report N°242 15 January 2013 Executive Summary Pakistan’s Provincially Administered Tribal Areas (PATA), which include Swat and six neighbouring districts and areas in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (KPK), re- mains volatile more than three years after military operations sought to oust Islamist extremists. Militant groups such as the Sunni extremist Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Shariat-e- Mohammadi (TNSM) and its Pakistani Taliban-linked Fazlullah faction are no longer as powerful in Swat and other parts of PATA as they were in 2008 and early 2009, but their leaders and foot soldiers remain at large, regularly attacking security personnel and civilians. If this once dynamic region is to stabilise, PATA’s governance, security and economic revival must become a top priority for the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP)-led government in Islamabad and the Awami National Party (ANP)-led gov- ernment in Peshawar – and for their successors following the next general elections. While the militants continue to present the main physical threat, the military’s poorly conceived counter-insurgency strategies, heavy-handed methods and failure to restore responsive and accountable civilian administration and policing are proving counter-productive, aggravating public resentment and widening the gulf between PATA’s citizens and the state. Meanwhile neither the federal nor the KPK provincial government is fully addressing the security concerns of residents. Public and political support for action against the TNSM and allied Pakistani Tal- iban networks in Swat and its neighbouring districts remains strong, demonstrated by the outrage against the 9 October 2012 attack by Mullah Fazlullah’s Taliban fac- tion on Malala Yousafzai, a Swat-based fourteen-year-old activist for girls’ right to education. That attack has also further eroded public confidence in the military’s claims of having dismantled the insurgency and underscores the grave security chal- lenges that PATA’s residents face. The military’s continued control over the security agenda, governance and admin- istration in PATA and the state’s failure to equip KPK’s police force with the tools and authority it needs to tackle extremist violence lie at the heart of the security and governance challenges. Some serious efforts have been made to enhance police capac- ity, functioning and presence on the streets, including by increasing the size of the force and the number of police stations, particularly in Swat. However, they are insuf- ficient. The KPK police should be properly trained, equipped, and accountable. Islam- abad and Peshawar, KPK’s provincial capital, need to abolish parallel law enforce- ment entities such as Levies, dismantle state-supported tribal lashkars (militias) and give KPK’s police the lead in enforcing the law and bringing extremists to justice. Yet, the complexities of PATA’s legal framework still make upholding the rule of law a daunting task. Unlike the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), PATA is subject to Pakistan’s basic criminal and civil law framework and falls under the ju- risdiction of the provincial KPK legislature (in addition to the National Assembly) and the Peshawar High Court and Supreme Court. However, under Article 247 of the constitution, laws apply to PATA, as in FATA, only if specifically extended by the governor (the federation’s representative), with the president’s consent. Since formally joining KPK (then called Northwest Frontier Province) in 1969, PATA has also been governed by various parallel legal systems that have under- mined constitutional rights and isolated it from the rest of KPK. More recent reforms have only expanded that isolation. Despite public opposition to Islamist militancy in Swat and neighbouring PATA districts, the ANP-led provincial government has not repealed the Nizam-e-Adl Regulation 2009, which imposed Sharia (Islamic law) in Pakistan: Countering Militancy in PATA Crisis Group Asia Report N°242, 15 January 2013 Page ii PATA as part of a military-devised peace deal with the Taliban-allied TNSM in April 2009. In August 2011, President Asif Ali Zardari promulgated the Actions (in Aid of Civil Power) Regulation 2011 (AACP) for PATA and FATA, vesting the military with virtually unchecked powers of arrest and detention and further undermining fundamental rights and the rule of law. While the AACP provides legal cover for the military’s human rights abuses, the imposition of Sharia has made effective and accountable governance elusive. Efforts to revive a shattered economy, once heavily dependent on tourism, have also faltered, and pressing humanitarian needs remain unmet because of continued instability and short-sighted military-dictated policies and methods. These include travel restrictions on foreigners, stringent requirements for domestic and interna- tional NGOs, abrasive and intrusive questioning at military checkposts and the mili- tary’s deep economic encroachment. To overcome PATA’s rising security challenges, the national and provincial lead- erships should reclaim the political space ceded to the military. Islamabad and Pesh- awar must develop and assume ownership over a reform agenda that ends PATA’s legal and political isolation, strengthens a deteriorating justice system, revokes laws that undermine constitutionally guaranteed fundamental
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Military Report and Gazetteer Chitral - General Staff India
    .' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. MOBILIZATION. This book is the property of the Government- of India. NOTE. The information given in this book is not to be communicated either directly OY indirec~ly lo the Press or to any prson not holding an official posi~ion in His Majsty's Service. MILITARY REPORT AND GAZETTEER CHITRAL - GENERAL STAFF INDIA (2nd Edition.) 1928 CALOUTTA GOVERNMEKT OF INDIA PREBB 1928 This publication renders obsolete the " Military Report on Chitral, 1st Edition, 1904." Officers are particularly requested to bring to notice any errors or omissions in this publication, or any further authentic information on the subjects dealt with. Such communications should be addressed, through the usual channels, to :- TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART I. PAQX. Chapter I.-History . 1 ,, 11.-Geography : Section I.-Physical Features . , 11.--Climate end health . ,, 111.-Places of strategical and tactical importance . ,, 111.-Population . ,, 1V.-Resources : Section I.-General . , 11.--Supplies . ,, 111.-Transport . , V.-Armed Forces : Section I.-General . Appendir I.-Mountain ranges and principal pease8 . 73 ,, 11.-Principal rivers and their tributaries . 86 ,, 111.-V/T. signalling stations . 104 ,, IV.-Beacon sites-Mastuj to Barogbil . 112 ,, V.-Epitome of principal routes in Chitral . 113 ,, V1.-Notes on the more importent personagee inchitre1 . 118 Pa~:orama from Arandu (Arnamai) looking S.S.W. towards Birkot . Frontispiece Plate 2.-Sarhad-i-Wakhan and R. Oxus . To face page 20 Plate 3.-Cantilever bridgv, M'arkhup . To face page 71 9% .....NAPS. Map 1.--Urtzun-Naghr zone-Chitral Defence Map 3-~ignallin~Chart No. scheme Rich River route . PassandChitral . Map 5.-Map of Chitral and adjacent countries .
    [Show full text]
  • Chitral Case Study April 26.Inddsec2:50 Sec2:50 4/27/2007 1:38:42 PM C H I T R a L
    Chapter 6 Communicating About Natural Hazards “Knowledge generation in itself will not be suffi cient for building adaptive capacity in social-ecological systems.” (Folke et al. 2002) enerating knowledge does not mean that knowledge Stories from local religious is understood, memorised, and used. In other words, Gknowledge generation is different from knowledge leaders, elders, and families assimilation. In many societies with oral traditions, past “An old story says that a religious leader called Metar Qalandar events, including fl ood events, are embedded in individual and used to live in Brep village in Upper Chitral. The holy man collective memory through storytelling, songs, poems, proverbs, predicted that three parts of the village which were under three worshipping activities, ceremonies, and rituals. These activities streams would be washed away by fl oods in turn and from time serve as a way of communicating in time (between different to time. In 2005, a fl ood washed away 103 houses. People say generations) and in space (from place to place). Various that the night before the fl ood, they heard a mysterious noise studies in anthropology and human ecology (e.g., Folke et al. and knew that something was going to happen.” (Narrated by 2002; Berkes 1999) have shown how rituals and taboo are the Muhammad Siyar Khan, Brep village, Upper Chitral) transformation of social memory into practical resource and ecosystem management. Worshipping ceremonies, storytelling, “Every year whenever a small fl ood occurs, elders in the village songs, and proverbs not only help people to remember past keep repeating stories related to the bigger fl oods that have events but also help them to convey messages in an attractive happened in the past.
    [Show full text]
  • Chitral Case Study April 26.Indd
    About the Organisations International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) is an independent ‘Mountain Learning and Knowledge Centre’ serving the eight countries of the Hindu Kush-Himalayas – Afghanistan , Bangladesh , Bhutan , China , India , Myanmar , Nepal , and Pakistan – and the global mountain community. Founded in 1983, ICIMOD is based in Kathmandu, Nepal, and brings together a partnership of regional member countries, partner institutions, and donors with a commitment for development action to secure a better future for the people and environment of the extended Himalayan region. ICIMOD’s activities are supported by its core programme donors: the governments of Austria, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, and its regional member countries, along with over thirty project co–fi nancing donors. The primary objective of the Centre is to promote the development of an economically and environmentally sound mountain ecosystem and to improve the living standards of mountain populations. European Commission Humanitarian Aid (ECHO) The European Union as a whole (i.e., the Member States and the Commission) is one of the world’s largest humanitarian aid donors; the Humanitarian Aid department (ECHO) is the service of the European Commission responsible for this activity. ECHO funds relief operations for victims of natural disasters and confl icts outside the European Union. Aid is channelled impartially, straight to victims, regardless of their race, religion and political beliefs. DIPECHO stands for disaster preparedness in ECHO. It supports projects aimed at increasing the resilience of communities at risk of natural disasters by funding training, capacity building, awareness raising, early warning systems, and advocacy activities in the fi eld of disaster risk reduction.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobile Life on the Frontiers of Crossroads Asia
    Crossroads Asia Working Paper Series, ISSN: 2192-6034 Competence Network Crossroads Asia: Conflict – Migration – Development Editors: Ingeborg Baldauf, Stephan Conermann, Hermann Kreutzmann, Shahnaz Nadjmabadi, Dietrich Reetz, Conrad Schetter and Martin Sökefeld. How to cite this paper: Marsden, Magnus (2011): Mobile Life on the Frontiers of Crossroads Asia. In: Crossroads Asia Working Paper Series, No. 1. Partners of the Network: Imprint Competence Network Crossroads Asia: Conflict – Migration – Development Project Office Center for Development Research/ZEFa Department of Political and Cultural Change University of Bonn Walter-Flex Str. 3 D-53113 Bonn Tel: + 49-228-731722 Fax: + 49-228-731972 Email: [email protected] Homepage: www.crossroads-asia.de Mobile Life on the Frontiers of Crossroads Asia1 Magnus Marsden* TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1. Introduction 1 2. Tunnels: Changing Political Contexts 2 3. BBC: Badakshan, Badakshan, Chitral 4 4. Modern Mobile Muslims 6 5. Cross-border Traders 9 6. Conclusion 11 References 12 Information on the competence network Crossroads Asia 13 * Author’s address: Dr. Magnus Marsden, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG, Tel.: +44 (0)20 7898 Fax.: +44 (0)20 7898 4699, E-mail: [email protected], website: http://www.soas.ac.uk/staff/staff36079.php. 1 Based on a keynote lecture given on 7th July 2010 at the Deutsche Parlamentarische Gesellschaft to inaugurate the research project ‘Crossroads Asia’. Parts of the lecture develop material from Magnus Marsden and Ben Hopkins, forthcoming (2011), Fragments of the Afghan Frontier, Hurst and Co.,: London., and are produced here with the permission of Hurst.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pakistan Frontier Corps in the War on Terrorism – Part One by Tariq Mahmud Ashraf
    VOLUME VI, ISSUE 15 u JULY 25, 2008 IN THIS ISSUE: THE PAKISTAN FRONTIER CORPS IN THE WAR ON TERRorism – PART ONE By Tariq Mahmud Ashraf................................................................................1 EMPOWering “SOFT” TALIBAN Over “Hard” TALIBAN: PAKISTan’s Coun- TER-TERRORISM StRATEGY By Sadia Sulaiman.........................................................................................4 PKK KIDNAPPINGS AN ISOLATED INITIATIVE OR A NEW EUROPEAN StRATEGY? By Gareth Jenkins...........................................................................................6 THE GLOBAL REPERCUSSIONS OF NIGERIA’s NIGER DELTA INSURGENCY By Akpobibibo Onduku...................................................................................9 Terrorism Monitor is a publication of The Jamestown Foundation. The Pakistan Frontier Corps in the War on The Terrorism Monitor is designed to be read by policy- Terrorism – Part One makers and other specialists yet be accessible to the general By Tariq Mahmud Ashraf public. The opinions expressed within are solely those of the akistan’s first line of defense against insurgent forces in its loosely- authors and do not necessarily ruled western frontier region is not Pakistan’s regular army, but a long- reflect those of The Jamestown Foundation. Pneglected, locally raised paramilitary. A remnant of the British colonial era, the paramilitary Frontier Corps (FC) has been maintained and stationed in Pakistan’s North West Frontier Province (NWFP) and Baluchistan province by the government of Pakistan since independence. Unauthorized reproduction or redistribution of this or any Although the FC is a paramilitary organization led and commanded by Jamestown publication is strictly officers from the regular Pakistan Army, the oversight of FC-NWFP and FC- prohibited by law. Baluchistan rests with the federal Ministry of the Interior. The FC formations in the two provinces are separate administrative and functional entities with each commanded by a serving major general from the Pakistan Army.
    [Show full text]
  • Tehreek-I-Nifaz-I-Shariat-I-Muhammadi in Malakand Division (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa): a Case Study of the Process of “State Inversion”
    Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. Tehreek-i-Nifaz-i-Shariat-i-Muhammadi in Malakand Division (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa): A Case Study of the Process of “State Inversion” Navid Iqbal Khan Abstract The challenges of globalization and increased corruption resulted in failed governance and a weakening of political authority, particularly in those areas of Pakistan which are not being directly administered by the Central Government. The result was a dramatic decline in administrative capacity and societal legitimacy. Malakand Division consisted of three states and one agency i.e. Swat, Chitral, Dir and Malakand Agency. Before merging with Pakistan in 1969 each state had its own rules and regulations. After this merger, the PATA Regulations (Provincially Administrative Tribal Area) was implemented and this made the judicial system from bad to worse. This gave way to the rise of Tehreek-i-Nifaz-i-Shariat-i-Muhammadi (TNSM). Twenty five years of civil and proxy wars in Afghanistan and later Taliban Islamic movement which emerged in Afghanistan in 1995 strongly impacted on the deteriorating position of Malakand Division. For The article has been written under the supervision of Dr. Lubna Abid Ali (Chairperson, Deptt. of International Relations, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad and Dr. Sultan-i-Room, Government Post Graduate Jahanzeb College, Saidu Sharif, Swat). Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software http://www.foxitsoftware.com For evaluation only. 132 Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, Vol.XXXI, No.1, 2010 lust of power, bureaucracy also supported TNSM. The objective of this study is to find out the role of such factors that created conditions conducive to the emergence of Tehreek-i-Nifaz-i- Shariat-i-Muhammadi.
    [Show full text]
  • The Post-1973 State of Pakistan and Nationalism in Gilgit-Baltistan
    Pakistan Perspectives Vol. 20, No.2, July-December 2015 Core-Periphery Relationship: The Post-1973 State of Pakistan and Nationalism in Gilgit-Baltistan Sajjad Ahmad* Abstract Gilgit-Baltistan (G-B) is a mountainous northern region of Pakistan which got its independence from princely state of Kashmir as a result of a freedom struggle. The region is administered by the federal ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit-Baltistan (G-B). It has an ambiguous constitutional status and does not have parliamentary representation which hampers its economic and political development. Successive governments have tried to regulate the problems by introducing reforms but the real transfer of power from centre to G-B has not yet taken place. This situation is exploited by the nationalist parties which accuse Islamabad of meddling in the affairs of G-B. This paper analyzes nationalism in G-B in the light of Paul Brass and Michel Hechter’s theories and examines G-B – Islamabad relationship in the post-1973 period. ______ Introduction Pakistan came into existence on 14 August 1947. Besides massive bloodshed that followed, institution building, refugee settlement and formation of a viable political system became key concerns of the then leadership. In the initial years of independence the Government of India (GOI) Act of 1935 was adopted by the state of Pakistan as its basic law. This framework provided legal statute of governance to this new state till 1956 when Pakistan passed its first constitution. Under the GOI Act, parliamentary governments at the central and provincial levels were formed. This divided the power between governments at both levels and provided each the authority to collect taxes.1 Before and during the British rule, India had several princely states ruled by different rajas and nawabs.
    [Show full text]
  • Equipping for Interdiction
    Copyright © United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, February 2011. This report is an internal UNODC document not meant for wide public distribution. It is part of ongoing internal policy development undertaken by UNODC Pakistan to inform the management of its programme of assistance. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNODC and neither do they imply any endorsement. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNODC concerning the legal status of any country, territory or city, or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE .................................................................................................................................. 1 2. UNODC’S FIELD TESTING KITS ROLL-OUT 2008-2010 ................................................................... 3 3. FIELD TESTING KITS AND UNODC’S COUNTRY PROGRAMME ....................................................... 5 4. LOOKING AHEAD ....................................................................................................................... 7 4.1 Law Enforcement Agencies With Drugs & Precursors Mandates .......................................... 7 4.2 Drugs & Precursors Trafficking Routes ................................................................................ 11 4.3 Seizures ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chitral Flash Flood Infrastructure Damages
    Shagram Chitral Flash Flood Infrastructure Damages - 2015Terich Legend Terich Mulkoh Main Chitral - Boni Gol Bridge Infrastructure Boni Road ú Bridge Mastuj Kosht Other Public Building Road ! retaining structures Power House ! Road Oweer Water Supply Reshun Powerhouse Charun Road River Shogore Union Council Boundary Chitral Flash Flood (Monsoon 2015) Glacial lake outburst, Cloud outburst and Flash floods hit different parts of District Chitral at midnight 16th July, 2015 Provincial Boundary causing extensive damages to houses, mosques, bridges, roads, irrigation and water channels. The communication infrastructure has also been severely affected. Fortunately, in all this devastation, human loss of life has been minimum with only two deaths reported so far. A sizeable portion of population has been cut off which necessitates immediate restoration of roads and bridges. Damage Infrastructure Detail is as under: Infrastructure Nature of Damage Locality / Valleys Partial Full Non- Damage Functional Creation Date: JULY 22, 2015 Roads Blocked - Non- 1. Bumborate to Ayun Road washed away at Suspension Functional Oshaan and Dobasch (100m each). Projection/Datum: WGS 84 Geographic Garamchashma Bridge at 2. Birir vally Road Page Size: A3 Road blocked Shoogoor 3. Rumboor to Ayun Road 4. Dobash to Rumboor Road (2&3 Km) Karimabad 5. Dobash to Bamorate Road (hillside slips & retaining walls at various locations) ¯ Raeen 6. Shishi Koh to Madaklasht Road (washed away at Laavi Gol Road 0 5 10 20 LaGsol,p 1u50r m length). KM 7. Garamchashma Road blocked at Shghore, Shali, Lot Koh Danin Seen Lasht, Pachilli and Singore). 0 8. Main Chitral-Boni Road at Koragh 300 m at 30 KM#64 and KM$46 to KM#48.
    [Show full text]
  • Languages of Chitral. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan, 5
    SOCIOLINGUISTIC SURVEY OF NORTHERN PAKISTAN VOLUME 5 LANGUAGES OF CHITRAL Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan Volume 1 Languages of Kohistan Volume 2 Languages of Northern Areas Volume 3 Hindko and Gujari Volume 4 Pashto, Waneci, Ormuri Volume 5 Languages of Chitral Series Editor Clare F. O’Leary, Ph.D. Sociolinguistic Survey of Northern Pakistan Volume 5 Languages of Chitral Kendall D. Decker National Institute of Summer Institute Pakistani Studies of Quaid-i-Azam University Linguistics Copyright © 1992 NIPS and SIL Published by National Institute of Pakistan Studies, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan and Summer Institute of Linguistics, West Eurasia Office Horsleys Green, High Wycombe, BUCKS HP14 3XL United Kingdom First published 1992 Reprinted 2004 ISBN 969-8023-15-1 Price, this volume: Rs.300/- Price, 5-volume set: Rs.1500/- To obtain copies of these volumes within Pakistan, contact: National Institute of Pakistan Studies Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan Phone: 92-51-2230791 Fax: 92-51-2230960 To obtain copies of these volumes outside of Pakistan, contact: International Academic Bookstore 7500 West Camp Wisdom Road Dallas, TX 75236, USA Phone: 1-972-708-7404 Fax: 1-972-708-7363 Internet: http://www.sil.org Email: [email protected] REFORMATTING FOR REPRINT BY R. CANDLIN. CONTENTS Preface.............................................................................................................. ix Maps................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PRELUDE to the CONQUEST of TIRICH MIR. E. H. Cobb
    • 4 PRELUDE TO THE CONQUEST OF TIRICH MIR PRELUDE TO THE CO·NQUEST OF TIRICH MIR BY LT.-COL. E. H. COBB HE recent conques t of Tirich lVIir (24,623 ft.) the highest peak of the great Hindu Kush range, whose summit dominates the State of Chitral, by a Norwegian climbing expedition is the climax to a close association of Europeans with that corne~ of High Asia covering the last fifty years. From the first association of the British with Chitral through the Kashmir Durbar in the early 'nineties down to the recent conquest of the mountain, n1any able climbers have contributed to the knowledge and experience which have now been crowned with final success. Amongst the earliest British pioneers in this corner of I-Iigh Asia were Hayward, Younghusband, Robertson and Gurdon, whose association with the country preceded the historic events of the ' Siege of Chitral.' The first climber to be connected with Chitral was General O'Grady, the founder of that magnificent corps of hardy cragsmen the Chitral Scouts his virile personality and his prowess on the mountain survive in memory throughout Chitral as well as in Baluchistan, where his remarkable ascent and descent of Mt. Mardar from the' Staff College at Quetta, a mere 5 ,oo:> ft., was a long standing record. Of the early survey of Chitral and of the fixing of the Triangulation Points, a severe task in itself amongst these great ranges I hav~ no per­ sonal. kno-vvledge. But soon after my arrival in Chitral as Assistant Political Agent in I 927, the Survey Department of the Government of • India undertook the detailed survey of Chitral State.
    [Show full text]
  • Pok News Digest a Monthly News Digest on Pakistan Occupied Kashmir
    POK NEWS DIGEST A MONTHLY NEWS DIGEST ON PAKISTAN OCCUPIED KASHMIR Volume 2 Number 9 September 2009 • Commentary Empowerment & Self-governance Package or Governor’s Rule in Gilgit-Baltistan - Senge Hasnan Sering • Political Developments Pak Renames the Northern Areas as Gilgit- Baltistan PML-Q Rejects New Package Religious Extremism in NWFP, Swat and Chitral: Impact on Gilgit-Baltistan Prime Minister of Azad Kashmir in the Line of Fire • Economic Developments Prices Soar in Gilgit 4,500 MW Bhasha Dam Cleared by Ecnec LoC-trade Hits Roadblock • International Developments China's Growing Role in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir Compiled & Edited • Other Developments by Govt to Promote Solar Water Heaters to Cut Dr Priyanka Singh Gas Consumption INSTITUTE FOR DEFENCE STUDIES AND ANALYSES No. 1, Development Enclave, Rao Tula Ram Marg September 2009 New Delhi-110 010 1 Jammu & Kashmir (Source: Based on the Survey of India Map, Govt of India 2000 ) A Monthly Newsletter on Pakistan Occupied Kashmir 2 About this Issue The government of Pakistan ceded minor concessions to Northern Areas as part of “The Gilgit Baltistan Empowerment and Self Governance Order 2009.” As a result, the Northern Areas would now be referred as Gilgit Baltistan, which off course has been a long standing demand of the people of this region. Even though Prime Minister Gilani claimed that the order would vest similar status to the Northern Areas as the other provinces of Pakistan, it is far from ensuring the same. The order has met with mixed reactions with some political parties rejecting it completely while some expressing dissatisfaction on its shortcomings.
    [Show full text]