Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2014

Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 2015

B | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS CONTENTS

Letter from the Librarian of Congress...... 4 Organizational Reports...... 47 Organization Chart...... 48 Library of Congress Officers...... 6 Congressional Research Service...... 50 Library of Congress Committees...... 8 U.S. Copyright Office...... 52 Office of the Librarian...... 54 Facts at a Glance...... 11 Law Library...... 56 Mission Statement...... 10 Library Services...... 58 Office of Strategic Initiatives...... 60 Serving the Congress...... 12 Office of Support Operations...... 62 Legislative Support...... 13 Office of the Inspector General...... 63 Copyright Law and Policy...... 15 Copyright Royalty Board...... 64 Congressional Preservation Efforts...... 15 Other Services to Congress...... 16 Appendices ...... 65 Library of Congress 101 Independence Avenue, S.E. Supporting the Library ...... 19 A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies...... 66 Washington, DC 20540 B. Selected Acquisitions...... 72 Collecting, Preserving and Providing C. Publications...... 74 For the Library of Congress online, visit loc.gov. Access to Knowledge...... 20 D. Exhibitions...... 75 The annual report is published through the Office of Communications, Collecting...... 21 E. The Library in the News...... 78 Office of the Librarian, Library of Congress, Washington, DC 20540-1610, Preserving...... 23 telephone (202) 707-2905. F. Statistical Tables...... 79 Providing Access to Knowledge...... 26 1. Appropriations for 2014...... 79 Executive Editor: Gayle Osterberg Managing Editor: Audrey Fischer Promoting Creativity, Scholarship 2. Appropriations for 2015...... 79 and Lifelong Learning...... 32 Art Director: John Sayers 3. Financial Statistics...... 80 Photo Editor: Shawn Miller Promoting Creativity...... 33 4. Additions to the Collections—Items...... 83 Design and Composition: Blue House Design Promoting Scholarship...... 36 5. Additions to the Collections—Titles...... 85 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 6-6273 Promoting Lifelong Learning...... 40 6. Unprocessed Arrearages...... 85 ISSN 0083-1565 Key title: Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress Celebrating Achievement...... 42 7. Cataloging Workload...... 86 Library of Congress Prizes and Awards...... 43 8. MARC Records...... 86 For sale by the U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop: SSOP Library Staff Recognition...... 46 9. Preservation Treatment Statistics...... 87 Washington, DC 20402-9328 10. Copyright Registrations...... 88 ISBN 978-0-8444-9572-9 11. U.S. Copyright Office Business Summary... 88 12. Services to Individuals Who are Blind or Physically Handicapped...... 89 Front Cover: The Library of Congress and the U.S. Capitol are in close proximity. Photo by Carol Highsmith 13. Reader Services...... 90

Inside Front Cover: An all-staff meeting in the 14. Cataloging Distribution Service: Senate Reading Room in 1948 Prints and Photographs Division Financial Statistics...... 91

Inside Back Cover: The Congressional Reading Room 15. Human Resources...... 92 in the Thomas Jefferson Building Photo by Shealah Craighead

3 I am pleased to present the Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for fiscal year 2014.

During the year, the Congressional staff. And the U.S. Copyright Office work in the nation’s library—perhaps Research Service in the Library of provided 245,895 direct reference our greatest resource in an increasingly Congress celebrated a century of service services to members of the public. knowledge-dependent world. to our nation’s lawmakers. Established by Congress in 1914, the Legislative The Library expanded its global Sincerely, Reference Service has evolved into the collections—which grew in fiscal year modern day Congressional Research 2014 by 2.7 million analog items to James H. Billington Service, which provides Congress a total of 160.7 million. We added Librarian of Congress with nonpartisan policy analysis. 7.1 million new primary-source files To increase the transparency of the online for a total of 52.3 million, freely legislative process, the Library’s user- available for education and inspiration friendly, authoritative legislative source, beyond Washington. Congress.gov, is accessible on stationary computers and mobile devices. The amount of digital content generated throughout the world, in hundreds Similarly, the National Library Service of languages, continues to grow for the Blind and Physically Handicapped exponentially. With content provided by in the Library of Congress, which began the Library and 181 partner institutions in more than 80 years ago with braille 81 countries, the Library’s World Digital books and long-playing records has Library website is making multilingual incorporated the latest advances to serve and multimedia primary-source materials its patrons. Today, the service provides available in seven languages online. A digital talking books and electronic milestone was reached during the year braille. The Braille and Audio Reading when the 10,000th item was added to the Download web-based service known WDL website. The Library of Congress hosts a semi-annual open house in the Main Reading Room. Photo by Shawn Miller as BARD is also accessible through the Internet and an app for mobile devices. The Library’s literacy-promotion During the year, the Library released website, Read.gov, and its Teacher’s a report on the future of braille, which Page continued to provide children, resulted from the first-ever summit on families and educators with rich content braille held in 2013. to encourage lifelong learning. With LETTER FROM THE the inspiration and generous support of In fiscal year 2014, the Library welcomed philanthropist David M. Rubenstein, we 1.45 million visitors and answered presented the 2014 Library of Congress LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS questions from 467,142 people—in- Literacy Awards to three organizations person at our reference desks and online that are doing exemplary, innovative and through our Ask a Librarian service. replicable work in literacy promotion. CRS and the Law Library responded Librarian of Congress James H. Billington to more than 597,000 research requests In these pages are highlights of the Photo by Abby Brack Lewis from Members of Congress and their work of the 3,138 talented people who

4 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 5 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS OFFICERS LIBRARY OF CONGRESS TRUST FUND BOARD

Executive Committee Ex Officio James H. Billington, James H. Billington, Sen. Charles E. Schumer (New York), David A. Lebryk, Fiscal Assistant Librarian of Congress Librarian of Congress Vice Chair, Joint Committee Secretary of the Treasury on the Library (representing U.S. Treasury Secretary Robert Dizard Jr., David S. Mao, Mark Sweeney, Acting Associate Rep. Gregg Harper (Mississippi), Chair, Jacob J. Lew) Deputy Librarian of Congress Law Librarian of Congress Librarian for Library Services Joint Committee on the Library

Molly Johnson, Acting Associate Mary Mazanec, Director, Lucy D. Suddreth, Senate Appointees Librarian for Strategic Initiatives Chief of Support Operations Congressional Research Service Kathleen L. Casey Thomas Girardi Elaine Wynn Arlington, Virginia Los Angeles, California Las Vegas, Nevada Maria A. Pallante, Register of Copyrights Christopher G. Long Wilmington, Delaware Operations Committee Lucy D. Suddreth, Chair, Dennis Hanratty, Director, Kathleen Ott, Director, House of Representatives Appointees Chief of Support Operations Human Resources Services Congressional Relations Office J. Richard Fredericks Barbara Guggenheim James V. Kimsey San Francisco, California New York, New York, and Los Angeles, McLean, Virginia Ronald W. Backes, Director, Edward Jablonski, Associate Director Elizabeth Pugh, California Contracts and Grants Management for Finance and Administration, General Counsel Congressional Research Service Alvert Banks, Director, Kirk Rascoe, Presidential Appointees Information Technology Services Mary Klutts, Director, Office of Opportunity, Joan W. Harris Acting Chief Financial Officer Inclusiveness and Compliance Chicago, Illinois Dana Bouley, Director, Integrated Support Services Sandra M. Lawson, Deputy Associate Donald Simon, Sally Susman Librarian, Operations, Library Services Assistant Law Librarian for New York, New York David Christopher, Chief of Administrative Operations Operations, U.S. Copyright Office Karen Lloyd, Strategic Planning Officer, Robert Williams, Senior Adviser, James M. Duda, Deputy Chief, Office of the Chief Financial Officer Office of Support Operations Support Operations Kenneth Lopez, Director, Office of Security and Emergency Preparedness

Inspector General Kurt W. Hyde

Poet Laureate Consult in Poetry Natasha Trethewey (2013–2014)

6 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 7 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COMMITTEES LIBRARY OF CONGRESS COMMITTEES (continued) Joint Committee on the Library of Congress, Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, 113th Congress, Second Session United States Senate, 113th Congress, Second Session

Rep. Gregg Harper (Mississippi), Chair Sen. Jeanne Shaheen (New Hampshire), Chair

Sen. Charles E. Schumer (New York), Vice Chair Sen. John Hoeven (North Dakota), Ranking Member

Rep. Candice S. Miller (Michigan) Sen. Richard J. Durbin (Illinois) Sen. Mark Begich (Alaska) Sen. John Boozman (Arkansas)

Rep. Tom Cole (Oklahoma) Sen. Patrick J. Leahy (Vermont) Sen. Chris Coons (Delaware)

Rep. Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania) Sen. Pat Roberts (Kansas) Subcommittee on Legislative Branch, Committee on Appropriations, Rep. Zoe Lofgren (California) Sen. Roy Blunt (Missouri) United States House of Representatives, 113th Congress, Second Session

Rep. Tom Cole (Oklahoma), Chair Senate Committee on Rules and Administration, United States Senate, 113th Congress, Second Session Rep. Andy Harris (Maryland), Vice Chair

Sen. Charles E. Schumer (New York), Chair Rep. Debbie Wasserman Schultz (Florida), Ranking Member

Sen. Pat Roberts (Kansas), Ranking Member Rep. Martha Roby (Alabama) Rep. James P. Moran (Virginia)

Sen. Dianne Feinstein (California) Sen. John E. Walsh (Montana) Rep. Mark E. Amodei (Nevada) Rep. Sanford D. Bishop, Jr. (Georgia)

Sen. Richard J. Durbin (Illinois) Sen. Mitch McConnell (Kentucky) Rep. Chris Stewart (Utah)

Sen. Patty Murray (Washington) Sen. Thad Cochran (Mississippi)

Sen. Mark L. Pryor (Arkansas) Sen. Saxby Chambliss (Georgia)

Sen. Tom Udall (New Mexico) Sen. Lamar Alexander (Tennessee)

Sen. Mark R. Warner (Virginia) Sen. Richard C. Shelby (Alabama)

Sen. Patrick J. Leahy (Vermont) Sen. Roy Blunt (Missouri)

Sen. Amy Klobuchar (Minnesota) Sen. Ted Cruz (Texas)

Sen. Angus S. King (Maine)

Committee on House Administration, United States House of Representatives, 113th Congress, Second Session

Rep. Candice S. Miller (Michigan), Chair

Rep. Robert A. Brady (Pennsylvania), Ranking Member

Rep. Gregg Harper (Mississippi) Rep. Zoe Lofgren (California)

Rep. Phil Gingrey (Georgia) Rep. Juan C. Vargas (California)

Rep. Aaron Schock (Illinois)

Rep. Todd Rokita (Indiana)

Rep. Richard Nugent (Florida)

8 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 9 FACTS AT A GLANCE In fiscal year 2014, the Library of Congress …

RESPONDED to more than RECORDED a total of 160,775,469 ●● 1,771,595 moving images 1 million reference requests from items in the collections: ●● 7,113,157 items of sheet music Congress, the public and other ■■ MISSION STATEMENT federal agencies. In addition, online 23,892,068 cataloged books in ●● 14,908,337 visual materials, research products were accessed on the Library of Congress as follows: The Library’s mission is to support the Congress in fulfilling its classification system the Congressional Research Service ●● 14,137,584 photographs website by congressional clients constitutional duties and to further the progress of knowledge and ■■ 14,072,971 items in the nonclassified ●● 106,309 posters on more than 656,000 occasions. print collections, including books creativity for the benefit of the American people. Approximately 20,600 volumes ●● 664,444 prints and drawings in large type and raised characters, from the Library’s collections were ●● incunabula (books printed before 3,370,782 other (including delivered to congressional offices; 1501), monographs and serials, machine-readable items); The Great Hall in the Thomas Jefferson Building WELCOMED more than 1.45 million REGISTERED 476,298 claims music, bound newspapers, Photo by Carol Highsmith to copyright through the U.S. pamphlets, technical reports and onsite visitors and recorded Copyright Office; other print material 78.1 million visits and more than 489.3 million page views on the ■■ CIRCULATED more than 23 million 122,810,430 items in the nonclassified Library’s web properties. At year’s copies of braille and recorded books (special) collections, including end, the Library’s online primary- and magazines to more than 890,000 source files totaled 52.3 million; ●● 3,567,336 audio materials blind and physically handicapped (discs, tapes, talking books and reader accounts; EMPLOYED 3,138 permanent staff other recorded formats) members; and CIRCULATED more than 982,000 ●● 69,626,842 manuscripts OPERATED with a total fiscal 2014 items for use within the Library; ●● 5,539,890 maps appropriation of $618.8 million, PRESERVED more than 7 million ●● 16,912,491 microforms including the authority to spend items from the Library’s collections; $39.8 million in receipts.

Clockwise from the top left: Reels of film are stored at the Library’s Packard Campus for Audio-Visual Conservation in Culpeper, Virginia. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis; Visitors view a copy of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address in the Library’s Great Hall. Photo by David W. Rice; Conservation technician Nathan Smith repairs the cover of a pulp-fiction magazine.Photo by Shealah Craighead; This 1605 first edition of Miguel de Cervantes’ Don Quixote is housed in the Library’s Hispanic Division. Photo by Amanda Reynolds; Junior Fellow Vanessa Braganza displays comic books from the Library’s collection. Photo by Roslyn Pachoca

10 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 11 The U.S. Capitol at night Photo by Carol Highsmith

The Library of Congress was In fiscal 2014, the Library supported lawmakers in the performance established in 1800 to provide resources Members of Congress, their staffs of their work. CRS research and to Members of Congress for use in and constituents in a variety of ways, analysis provides the U.S. Congress from providing reference, research with a nonpartisan, confidential their work. The Joint Committee on A CRS information research specialist searches for resources on CRS’s website for Congress. and analysis on key issues of the resource that helps them navigate Photo by Amanda Reynolds the Library—the oldest continuing day to supplying surplus books to the legislative process and address — joint committee of the U.S. Congress congressional districts. The Library important, complex issues. Last was created by legislation signed by also continued to implement new year, CRS responded to nearly technologies to make the legislative President John Adams on April 24, 593,000 congressional requests. In process more accessible and 1800, which also created a library for addition, online research products transparent to the American public. the nation’s lawmakers and provided were accessed on the CRS website by SERVING THE CONGRESS for its congressional oversight. The congressional clients on more than LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT 656,000 occasions. unique collaboration between these two The Congressional Research Service institutions has allowed both to serve (CRS) in the Library of Congress CRS supports Members of Congress the nation for more than two centuries. has one mission: to serve the nation’s throughout the legislative session. This

12 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS SERVING THE CONGRESS | 13 “CRS will continue to provide Congress with the independent scholarship required as it embarks upon its second century of distinguished service.”

—James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress

support includes seminars and briefings by the Register of Copyrights. The States of certain treaty provisions that give Members and their staffs Copyright Office carries out a variety regarding the right of copyright the chance to meet with experts on a of activities pursuant to the Copyright owners to make their works available wide range of issues in an informal, Act, including registering copyright online. For these studies, which will be confidential setting. interests, recording licenses and other published in early 2015, the Copyright information about ownership and title, Office invited stakeholder comments The U.S. Congress established the Law and administering certain statutory and held public roundtables. Library of Congress in 1832 with the licenses. The Register is the principal mission of making its resources available adviser to the Congress on copyright On Sept. 18, the House Judiciary to Congress and the Supreme Court— law and policy and works closely with Committee convened an oversight a mission that has expanded to include other government agencies. hearing of the Copyright Office. other branches of government and Register of Copyrights Maria A. the global legal community. Librarians Throughout the year, the Copyright Pallante was the sole witness, appearing A CENTURY OF CONGRESSIONAL SERVICE and lawyers respond to congressional Office continued to assist the before the Committee’s Subcommittee inquiries about U.S., foreign, comprehensive review of the nation’s on Courts, Intellectual Property and the CRS senior specialist Walter Oleszek (from left) moderates a discussion with former U.S. Reps. Dan Lungren and David Obey, and comparative and international legal and copyright laws initiated in fiscal 2013 Internet. Among other issues, Members former U.S. Senators Trent Lott and Paul Sarbanes during a conference to mark the CRS centennial. Photo by Amanda Reynolds legislative research, drawing upon the by Rep. Bob Goodlatte (R-Va.), chair of Congress questioned the Register world’s largest collection of law books of the House Judiciary Committee. about budgetary, technology and staffing The idea of a legislative reference unit supporting Act gave the unit a new name, the Congressional Research and legal resources. The collection In fiscal 2014, the committee held 12 needs, modernization challenges and the Congress in its work first was proposed in 1911 by Sen. Service, reflecting the research and analysis that its staff of comprises more than 5 million items, copyright review hearings on a wide stature of the Copyright Office within Robert Latham Owen Jr. of Oklahoma. Owen’s idea found more than 600 continues to provide. One hundred years including 2.91 million volumes, and range of issues, from piracy to fair use. the federal government. two strong supporters in Congress: Sen. Robert M. La later, CRS, now larger in size and with a broader mandate, global legal materials in various formats. Copyright Office legal experts testified Follette Sr. and Rep. John M. Nelson of Wisconsin—a state continues this mission of supporting Congress. WEB  copyright.gov/docs/ at two of the hearings. The chief of the that a few years earlier had established a similar service The Law Library, in fiscal 2014, resaleroyalty/ Library’s Packard Campus for Audio- for its own legislature. In 1914, La Follette introduced an In fiscal 2014, CRS marked its centennial with a series of events answered more than 4,000 Visual Conservation also testified at WEB  copyright.gov/docs/ amendment to the fiscal year 1915 appropriations bill, and activities planned by its divisions and offices. These included congressional inquiries and provided one of these hearings. musiclicensingstudy/ seeking $25,000 for a special legislative reference unit staff events; a CRS-themed issue of the Library of Congress Members of Congress with 364 in- WEB  copyright.gov/docs/making_ inside the Library of Congress. Congress approved the Magazine (May/June 2014); a display at the Library during July; depth reports, along with nonpartisan In fiscal 2014, the Copyright Office available/ measure and President Woodrow Wilson signed it on and the publication of a book, The Congressional Research analysis and in-person consultations. also conducted three major policy July 16. Two days later, the Librarian of Congress Service at 100: Informing the Legislative Debate Since 1914 WEB  copyright.gov/laws/hearings/ The Law Library’s legal reference studies in support of Congress’ work. issued the administrative order creating the Legislative and a committee print, The Evolving Congress. librarians assist congressional staff any These studies addressed whether Reference Service—the predecessor of the Congressional time either chamber of Congress is in The celebration series included a pair of symposia for the Congress should enact a federal resale CONGRESSIONAL Research Service. session, no matter the hour. congressional audience: a July event exploring the challenges of royalty right for visual artists; whether PRESERVATION EFFORTS In its early days, the service provided what its original name governance in a global era and a September program to mark and how to update the provisions of The Library of Congress is leading suggested—reference information to assist members in their the 100th anniversary of The Constitution of the United States COPYRIGHT LAW the Copyright Act that govern music several major preservation initiatives legislative work. Over time, the CRS mission expanded as of America: Analysis and Interpretation, a regularly updated legal AND POLICY licensing, including the activities of at the behest of Congress that will Congress demanded expertise comparable to that available treatise produced by CRS. The year culminated with a tree- The U.S. Congress established the songwriters, music publishers, record ensure America’s history and culture to the executive branch. The 1970 Legislative Reorganization planting ceremony scheduled in October 2014. United States Copyright Office labels and digital delivery services; are captured and preserved for within the Library in 1897, headed and the implementation by the United generations to come.

14 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS SERVING THE CONGRESS | 15 WEB  loc.gov/film/ CONGRESS COMES TO THE LIBRARY WEB  loc.gov/rr/record/nrpb/

WEB  digitalpreservation.gov/ The Library’s three Capitol Hill buildings—all located within WEB  loc.gov/vets a block of the U.S. Capitol—frequently serve as meeting and WEB  loc.gov/folklife/civilrights event venues for Members of Congress and congressional staff. With support from the Congressional Relations Office (CRO), the Visitor Services Office, Facilities Services and the Office of OTHER SERVICES Special Events and Public Programs, the Library hosted more TO CONGRESS than 90 congressional events in fiscal 2014. The Library reached out to Congress to ensure both new and returning During the fiscal year, the Library conducted nearly 200 tours Members of Congress, as well as new for Members of Congress, their families and staff, and facilitated committee chairs and ranking Members, tours for 45,650 constituents, referred to the Library by 464 were aware of the full range of its congressional offices. collections, programs and services. On March 7, CRO hosted its fifth congressional forum on the During the year, the Library of Con- Library’s educational resources. More than 50 congressional staff and interns attended this briefing, where they received An arched window in the Thomas Jefferson Building’s Great Hall overlooks gress circulated approximately 20,600 the U.S. Capitol. Photo by Carol Highsmith volumes from its general and special demonstrations on how teachers in their congressional districts can access the wide range of primary-source materials and collections to congressional offices. curricula, notification of training opportunities and more. In its concern for preserving the nation’s and preserve at-risk digital content of Through the Congressional Throughout the year, Members of Congress came to the Library audiovisual heritage, Congress enacted cultural and historical importance. Cartography Program, the Geography to view new exhibitions and attend lectures, symposia and other the National Film Preservation Act That same year, Congress established and Map Division produced individual special presentations. A special tour of the Library’s Civil War maps for congressional offices and of 1988 and the National Recording the Veterans History Project in the in America exhibition, prior to its closing on Jan. 11, 2014, drew Preservation Act of 2000. These acts Library’s American Folklife Center to committees upon request using digital nearly 600 Members of Congress and congressional staff. directed the Librarian of Congress preserve the memories of those in our data. In fiscal 2014, the Library to select “culturally, historically or nation’s armed services and others who launched a multi-year initiative to On May 6, more than 40 Members of Congress attended aesthetically” significant films and shared America’s wartime experience improve the technical infrastructure the Library’s “We Write the Songs” concert in the Coolidge sound recordings, respectively, for in the 20th and early 21st centuries. needed to provide geospatial data to Auditorium, which recognized and honored the work of the preservation. To date, 625 films and 400 To date, the project has collected more Congress, the Library and its patrons. American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers to sound recordings have been selected. than 94,000 collections from across the protect the intellectual property of its members. The legislation also called for archival nation, including more than 72,000 To assist Members of Congress Library staff briefed Members and congressional staff on research projects that would investigate interviews, many of which can be in delivering the Library’s content the Library’s Veterans History Project and provided tours the survival rates of American movies viewed on the project website. to congressional constituents the of the Packard Campus for Audio-Visual Conservation in produced in all major categories Congressional Relations Office Culpeper, Virginia. during the 19th and 20th centuries. In In 2009, Congress directed the Library developed a template to be distributed December 2013, the Library issued The and the Smithsonian Institution’s by congressional offices through their Members of the bipartisan Library of Congress Congressional Survival of American Silent Feature Films: National Museum of African American social media sites. The inaugural Caucus were invited to attend behind-the-scenes tours An underground walkway connects the Library of Congress 1912–1929, the first comprehensive History and Culture to conduct a survey offering, which focused on the Library’s of Library offices and exhibitions. Chaired by Reps. Earl to the U.S. Capitol Visitor Center. Photo by Shealah Craighead survey of American feature films that of existing oral history collections with educational resources, suggested Blumenauer (D-Ore.) and Robert Aderholt (R-Ala.), the caucus remain in existence from the silent era relevance to the civil rights movement, Facebook posts, YouTube videos, was established in 2008 to draw Members’ attention to the of motion pictures (see page 31). and to record new interviews with Tweets, social media hashtags and resources in the nation’s library, its unparalleled collections and Library’s exhibition marking the 50th anniversary of the Civil people who participated in the brief prepared text for congressional knowledgeable staff. Established by Congress in 2000, movement. The Library’s American offices to use in their varied social Rights Act of 1964. Rep. Lewis and Rep. James Clyburn the National Digital Information Folklife Center cataloged the new media communications, from websites Reps. John Lewis (D-Ga.), John Larson (D-Conn.) and Gregg (D-S.C.) were featured authors at the Library’s 2014 National Infrastructure and Preservation interviews and added them to the web to newsletters. The information was Harper (R-Miss.) spoke at the Sept. 9, 2014, opening of the Book Festival on Aug. 30. Program (NDIIPP) seeks to collect portal, which debuted in May 2014. widely redistributed by congressional

16 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS SERVING THE CONGRESS | 17 offices to educators in time for back-to- or geographically relevant items which Congressional offices and committees SUPPORTING THE LIBRARY school activities. appear on the site’s new Image Gallery. selected nearly 26,000 items from Following a 16-day federal government- GOVERNMENT AT YOUR FINGERTIPS CRO also worked with congressional the Library’s Surplus Books Program wide shutdown, the Library operated CRO also maintained LCNet, an in- offices to coordinate congratulatory and distributed them to libraries, under two continuing resolutions from The Library of Congress, in tranet website through which Members Oct.17, 2013, until Jan.17, 2014. collaboration with the U.S. Congress letters to constituents participating schools and non-profits in Members’ of Congress and their staff can request The president signed the Omnibus and other federal agencies such as the in Library programs such as Letters districts and states. In a growing trend, Library services. The site received Appropriations Act, 2014 (P.L. 113–76) Government Printing Office, is working more than 6,600 requests for materials, About Literature and the Junior Fellows congressional offices donated 3,825 on Jan. 17, 2014, providing an to make the nation’s legislative including reproductions of historically Summer Internship program. books to the Surplus Books Program. appropriation for the Library of $618.8 information accessible online. million, including authority to spend up to $39.8 million in offsetting receipts. On Sept. 26, 2014, Congress. This represented an increase of $20.3 gov officially transitioned from a million or 3.4 percent over fiscal 2013 beta site to its permanent role funding, following budget cuts in the as the official site for free federal previous three fiscal years. legislative information from the U.S. Congress and related agencies. The The Librarian of Congress testified site replaces the nearly 20-year-old in support of the Library’s fiscal 2015 THOMAS.gov system for public budget request before the House and use and the Legislative Information Senate Appropriations Subcommittees The Library’s Congress.gov legislative System used by Congress. The site information system is accessible on mobile for the Legislative Branch on March 5 provides Member profiles; bill status, devices. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis and April 8, 2014, respectively. summary and text from the 103rd The fiscal 2015 request of $633 through the current Congresses; million, including offsetting receipts the Congressional Record; committee reports; direct links from bills to cost of $38.9 million, represented a 2.3 estimates from the Congressional Budget Office; legislative process videos; percent increase over the 2014 base committee profile pages; and historic documents and metadata reaching back to budget. Mandatory pay-related and the 93rd Congress. price-level increases accounted for 100 percent of the requested increase. To support transparency in government, the Library continued to manage the The Library requested no funds for House Streaming Video Project to stream House Committee hearings to the new programs. At the end of fiscal public, and maintained an online archive of these videos. The Library also 2014, the legislative funding bill had participated in the Bulk Download Task Force created by House leadership to not yet been passed. Fiscal year 2015 continue discussing how to better create and share legislative information with began with a continuing resolution, congressional offices and the public. signed by the president on Sept. 19, The Library of Congress, at the request of the U.S. House of Representatives, 2014, which provided funding from used the Challenge.gov platform to advance the exchange of legislative Oct. 1 through Dec. 11, 2014. information worldwide. Administered by the U.S. General Services Administration in partnership with ChallengePost, Challenge.gov empowers the U.S. government and the public to propose solutions to our nation’s most pressing challenges. During fiscal 2013, the Library issued two data challenges. The first invited competitors to apply the Akoma Ntoso schema to U.S. federal legislative information so it can be analyzed alongside legislative documents created in other countries. Akoma Ntoso is a framework used in many other countries to annotate and format electronic versions of parliamentary, legislative and judiciary Clockwise from the top left: Sens. Carol Moseley Braun (D-Ill.), (from left) Roland Burris (D-Ill.), Tim Scott (R-S.C.), William “Mo” Cowan documents. The second data challenge invited competitors to map the Akoma (D-Mass.) and Cory Booker (D-N.J.) discuss their challenging journeys to the U.S. Congress at an event held at the Library on Feb. 25. Photo Ntoso schema to established U.S. and United Kingdom legislative markup by Shealah Craighead; ASCAP President Paul Williams (from left), Rep. Marsha Blackburn (R-Miss.), Rep. Ted Deutch (D. Fla.) and Librarian of languages. Winners of the two challenges, each of which offers a $5,000 prize, Congress James Billington formally open the Library’s ASCAP centennial exhibition. Photo by Shealah Craighead; Manuscript Division Chief James Hutson (right) discusses presidential collection items with Rep. Gregg Harper (R-Miss.) and members of his staff. Photo by Brian were announced in February 2014. Williams; Rep. John Lewis (D. Ga.) views the Library’s Civil Rights Act of 1964 exhibition. Photo by John Harrington

18 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS SERVING THE CONGRESS | 19 Thomas Jefferson’s personal library is on view in the Library building named for him. Photo by Shealah Craighead

COLLECTING received from publishers under the are not well-developed. Those offices In 2014, the Library’s collections grew mandatory-deposit provisions of the law. acquired 234,341 items for the Library to more than 160 million items in This includes hundreds of electronic of Congress and, on a cost-recovery various formats. The Library acquired serial publications which were acquired basis, provided 347,187 items to other COLLECTING, PRESERVING almost 2.8 million items during the through the special eDeposit program U.S. libraries through their Cooperative year through purchase, gift, exchange and are being managed pursuant Acquisitions Programs. In fiscal or transfer from other government to Copyright Office regulations and 2014, the Library continued the West AND PROVIDING ACCESS agencies. (See Appendix C, Selected agreements with copyright owners. Africa Acquisitions Pilot Project, a Acquisitions.) collaboration that began in 2011 with The Library’s six overseas offices (in the Council of American Overseas TO KNOWLEDGE The U.S. Copyright Office forwarded Cairo, Islamabad, Jakarta, Nairobi, Research Centers to select, purchase more than 700,000 copies of works New Delhi and Rio de Janeiro) and provide bibliographic services for with a net value of $32 million to the acquired, cataloged and preserved materials from West African countries. Library’s collections in fiscal 2014; materials from parts of the world where In fiscal 2014, the project acquired more than 407,000 of these copies were the book and information industries 4,926 collection items published in

20 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 21 11 countries—more than double the policy change will result in fewer ensure that the Library maximizes the PRESERVING PUBLIC BROADCASTS number of items acquired the previous copies of books on the Library’s preservation potential of its collections. year. These acquisitions strengthen shelves and will alleviate a future budget obligation of an estimated the Library’s holdings in the areas of PRESERVING literature, social sciences and current $100 million to $250 million over the Preserving its unparalleled events in West Africa. next 100 years for the storing and — preserving of these additional service collections from cuneiform tablets Collection Development copies. Arrangements were made with to born-digital items—is one of the The newly established Collection two major nonprofit organizations to Library’s major activities in support Development Office assumed distribute withdrawn service copies to of its vision to further human responsibility for ensuring the Library’s African and Asian libraries. A Digital understanding and wisdom. During analog and digital collections reflect Collections Coordinating Committee the year, more than 7 million items the breadth and depth of knowledge was established during the year to from the Library’s collections were published in all media, languages and address the issues of digital-collections bound, repaired, mass-deacidified, regions of the world. The office will management. The committee was microfilmed or otherwise reformatted. also work closely with those in the tasked with surveying and collecting The Preservation Directorate surveyed acquisitions and recommending units information about Library-wide digital the preservation needs of nearly 1.2 to achieve the Library’s collection- collecting. As the fiscal year ended, million items from the Library’s general building goals. the committee had begun to finalize a and special collections, including report based on its survey that identifies books, photographs, maps, audiovisual The Collection Development Officer and categorizes the Library’s incoming materials and other formats. Of these, recommended to the Librarian of and existing digital content. Congress that the Library should nearly 66,000 items were housed in normally process and retain only one In June, the Library issued protective containers, of which 58,000 copy of United States monographs, “Recommended Format Specifications,” were paper-based. Nearly 1.1 million rather than two, which had been a set of recommended formats for units (volumes/sheets) were deacidified Corporation for Public Broadcasting President and CEO Patricia Harrison addresses those gathered to mark the Library’s acquisition of the American Archive of Public Broadcasting. Photo by Shealah Craighead the traditional practice. The a broad spectrum of creative works, and more than 5.6 million pages were recommendation, which was approved ranging from books to digital music, microfilmed, including 2.3 million by the Librarian in August 2013, to inform the Library’s acquisition items microfilmed by the Library’s An unprecedented and historic collection of American public a few examples of the items in the collection include Iowa was implemented in fiscal 2014. This practices. The recommendations help Overseas Office in New Delhi. radio and television content—dating back to 1950—will Public Television’s interview with Olympic runner Jesse be permanently preserved and made available to the public Owens, recorded in 1979, the last year of his life; KUSC’s through a collaboration between the Library of Congress (Los Angeles) broadcast of commentary by George Lucas and WGBH Boston, as the American Archive of Public on the original three Star Wars movies; Twin Cities Public Broadcasting. Television’s recording of a 1960 interview with presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Minnesota Sen. Hubert In 2007, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) Humphrey; and WGBH Boston’s 1967 interviews with then- initiated an inventory of public media content from California Gov. Ronald Reagan. contributing stations, resulting in 2.5 million records representing complete programs, raw footage, unedited Responsibilities for governance and long-term strategy interviews, recorded speeches and live music sessions. As development will be shared by the Library of Congress a result, 40,000 hours of that content is being digitized and and WGBH, including expansion of the digital archive by is slated for transfer and long-term preservation through a acquiring additional content and providing onsite access collaboration between the Library of Congress and WGBH, to the material at both WGBH in Boston and at the Library with funding support from CPB. of Congress. They will work with AudioVisual Preservation Solutions to develop and manage the website/content- The American Archive of Public Broadcasting includes management system for the digitization of the 40,000 hours interviews and performances by local and national luminaries of content, and with Crawford Media Services to do the The Rare Book and Special Collections Division displays works Film preservation specialist John Carter views a film from a broad variety of professions and cultural genres. Just digitization for the station. written, illustrated and collected by women during a Curator's Choice at the Library’s Packard Campus for Audio-Visual Preservation presentation. Photo by Shealah Craighead in Culpeper, Virginia. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis

22 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 23 “They will stay with me forever, the bodies of those who AMERICA’S STORIES fell … on that terrible day, June 6, 1944.”

—Leroy C. Bowen Jr., Word War II veteran

The congressionally mandated reading online or for downloading on more than 1.4 million newspaper pages National Digital Information the nonprofit digital library known as were scanned, bringing the total to 8.1 Infrastructure and Preservation Project, Internet Archive’s website. At the end of million pages since the project’s incep- administered by the Library’s Office fiscal 2014, a total of 143,000 volumes tion. Since March 2007, the Library of Strategic Initiatives, continued to containing 30 million images had been has been making this material accessible collect and preserve at-risk digital scanned since the project’s inception. on the Chronicling America website, a content of cultural and historical free national searchable database of 800 Through Internet Archive, the Bio- importance (see page 60). historic American newspapers published diversity Heritage Library (BHL), a between 1836 and 1922. WEB  loc.gov/preservation/ subject-oriented digital repository for Veterans History Project Director Robert Patrick interviews Under Secretary books related to biodiversity scanned Audiovisual Collections of the Department of Veterans Affairs Steve Muro. Photo by Shealah Craighead Books by American and other libraries and Packard Campus for Audio-Visual Offsite and Onsite Storage. During the museums, identified 60,000 digitized Conservation. The Packard Campus The Library of Congress has been collecting and preserving information about civil rights collections housed in more than year, the Library transferred 274,470 items from the Library of Congress for Audio-Visual Conservation in the nation’s oral history since the 1930s, when the Works 1,500 archives, libraries, museums and other repositories trackable items to its climate-controlled collections items as candidates for its Culpeper, Virginia, houses the Library’s Progress Administration’s (WPA) Federal Writers’ Project around the country, including the Library of Congress. The offsite storage facility at Fort Meade, library. During the year, the Library sound, film and video collections—the documented the experiences of former slaves as well Smithsonian Institution, in collaboration with the University of Maryland, and to its storage facility at began the process of categorizing and world’s largest and most comprehensive. as Americans living through the Great Depression. The North Carolina, interviewed subjects who participated in the Landover, Maryland, bringing the total tagging those items by format and In fiscal 2014, the Packard Campus American Folklife Center in the Library of Congress became movement. In fiscal 2014, the American Folklife Center, which to more than 5.6 million items housed subject. The Library continued as a Film Laboratory processed 1,401 reels the repository for these oral histories and others, such as manages the project at the Library, made these interviews offsite. In most cases, items can be member of the HathiTrust, a digital of nitrate film. Of these, 832 reels the man-on-the-street interviews after the attack on Pearl available on the project website in conjunction with the retrieved and sent to Capitol Hill within repository for books scanned by Amer- were digitized and 569 were preserved Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, and similar interviews following the opening of the Library’s Civil Rights Act of 1964 exhibition. 24 hours. To address overcrowding in ican libraries, having contributed more on analog film. Each reel of original terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001. the bookstacks of the Thomas Jefferson than 89,000 digitized volumes from its In 2003, documentary producer Dave Isay was inspired nitrate film was inspected, cleaned and and John Adams Buildings on Capitol collection to the project. All the works At the behest of Congress, the Veterans History Project by the Library’s WPA collections to launch StoryCorps, an hand-repaired prior to transfer to safety- Hill, plans were made to explore contributed to BHL and to HathiTrust in the American Folklife Center collected nearly 5,000 innovative oral history project in which ordinary Americans preservation copies. A total of 8,746 additional leased storage space. are pre-1923 American imprints, or personal recollections from across the nation in fiscal 2014, record one another’s stories. The more than 47,600 audio foreign imprints published before 1893, recorded sound- and 24,888 video- bringing the total to more than 94,000 since the project’s interviews that comprise the StoryCorps project reside Book Digitization. The Library and thus in the public domain and collection items were digitally preserved inception in 2000. Many of these stories are accessible on in the Library of Congress, where they can be accessed continued to sustain the book- freely available on the Internet. in the audio and video preservation the project’s website. onsite. In addition to weekly broadcasts on National Public digitization program that was initially laboratories. The Library continued Radio’s Morning Edition, selected interviews are available created in 2008 with a grant of $2 Newspapers its collaboration with physicists at the Under the Civil Rights History Project Act of 2009, Congress as downloadable podcasts from NPR and as animated directed the Library of Congress and the Smithsonian million from the Alfred P. Sloan Chronicling America. The Library Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory shorts on the StoryCorps website. Institution’s National Museum of African American History and Foundation to address at-risk “brittle of Congress, in partnership with the to further develop imaging technology, Culture to conduct a survey of existing oral history collections WEB  loc.gov/vets/ books” in the Library’s public-domain National Endowment for the Human- known as IRENE (Image, Reconstruct, with relevance to the civil rights movement, and to record new general collection. The program’s ities, sponsors the National Digital Erase Noise, Etc.), that provides WEB  loc.gov/folklife/civilrights/ interviews with people who participated in the movement. scanning facilities are shared by the Newspaper Program, a project to WEB  storycorps.org noninvasive preservation and access to The Library has since completed the survey and launched Library with other federal libraries digitize and provide free and public endangered recorded sound collections. the Civil Rights History Project website, which provides through a FEDLINK master contract. access to American newspapers that The scanned materials are accessible for are in the public domain. During 2014, WEB  loc.gov/avconservation/

24 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 25 Films. It is estimated that half the films of Congress named 25 films to the multiple reading rooms on Capitol Hill NATIONAL FILM REGISTRY produced before 1950 and 80 to 90 National Film Registry, bringing the and at the Packard Campus for Audio- NATIONAL RECORDING (2013 Additions) percent of those made before 1920 are total to 625. Visual Conservation in Culpeper, REGISTRY (2013 Additions) gone forever. The Library of Congress Virginia, and through its website. is working with many organizations to Sound Recordings. The National “The Laughing Song,” George prevent further losses. Under the terms Recording Preservation Act of 2000 The Library also provides global Washington Johnson (c. 1896) of the National Film Preservation Act mandates the preservation of the access to its resources and those of “They Didn’t Believe Me,” Harry of 1988, the Librarian of Congress— nation’s historic sound recordings, many other nations through the collaborative Macdonough and Alice Green (1915) of which are at risk of deterioration. World Digital Library. By cataloging with advice from the National Film “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime,” It directs the Librarian of Congress to its holdings in English and in many Preservation Board (see Appendix A, Bing Crosby; Rudy Vallee (1932) Library of Congress Advisory Bodies)— name sound recordings of aesthetic, other languages, the Library provides began selecting 25 films annually for the historical or cultural value to the bibliographic access to its vast and Recordings of Kwakwaka’wakw National Film Registry to be preserved National Recording Registry, to establish growing collections. Through shared Chief Dan Cranmer, Franz Boas and for all time. The films are chosen on the an advisory National Recording and cooperative cataloging and through George Herzog (1938) basis of whether they are “culturally, Preservation Board and to create and its cataloging products, the Library “Were You There,” Roland Hayes (1940) implement a national plan to assure the helps the nation’s libraries provide better historically or aesthetically” significant. “The Goldbergs: Sammy Goes Into long-term preservation and accessibility access to their collections. The legislation also directs the Library the Army,” (July 9, 1942) of the nation’s audio heritage. to support archival research projects Carnegie Hall Concert with Buck The number of visitors to all Library “Caldonia,” Louis Jordan (1945) that would investigate the survival rates On April 2, the Librarian announced buildings in fiscal 2014 totaled 1.45 Owens and His Buckaroos, Buck of American movies produced in all “Dust My Broom,” Elmore James (1951) Owens and His Buckaroos (1966) the addition of 25 sound recordings to million. The Visitor Services Office major categories during the 19th and the 2013 National Recording Registry, conducted more than 7,000 tours for A Night at Birdland (Vols. 1 and 2), “Fortunate Son,” Creedence Clearwater 20th centuries. On Dec. 4, 2013, the Art Blakey (1954) bringing the total to 400. nearly 147,000 visitors. The Library’s Revival (1969) Library of Congress issued The Survival Bless Their Little Hearts (1984) exhibitions remained open to the public “When I Stop Dreaming,” The Louvin of American Silent Feature Films: 1912– “Theme from Shaft,” Isaac Hayes (1971) Brandy in the Wilderness (1969) on federal holidays, with the exception Brothers (1955) 1929, the first comprehensive survey PROVIDING ACCESS Only Visiting This Planet, Larry Norman Cicero March (1966) of Thanksgiving, Christmas and New of American feature films that survived TO KNOWLEDGE “Cathy’s Clown,” The Everly Brothers (1972) Daughter of Dawn (1920) the silent era of motion pictures (see The Library of Congress makes its Year’s Day. The Library held public (1960) Decasia (2002) open houses in the Main Reading Room Celia & Johnny, Celia Cruz and Johnny page 31). On Dec.18, the Librarian collections publicly available in its Texas Sharecropper and Songster, Ella Cinders (1926) on Veterans Day and Presidents Day. Pacheco (1974) Mance Lipscomb (1960) Forbidden Planet (1956) Copland Conducts Copland: Appalachian Reference Services Gilda (1946) The First Family, Vaughn Meader Spring, Aaron Copland (1974) The Hole (1962) During the year, more than 982,000 (1962) Judgment at Nuremberg (1961) items were circulated for use by patrons Heart Like a Wheel, Linda Ronstadt (1974) “Lawrence Ritter’s Interviews with King of Jazz (1930) working at the Library. The Library’s Sweeney Todd, Original Cast Recording Baseball Pioneers of the Late 19th The Lunch Date (1989) staff responded to more than 467,000 (1979) and Early 20th Century,” (1962–1966) The Magnificent Seven (1960) reference requests. Of these, more than The Joshua Tree, U2 (1987) Martha Graham Early Dance film 165,000 were received online, including Presidential Recordings of Lyndon B. (1931–44) queries that were handled through the Johnson (Nov. 22, 1963–Jan. 10, 1969) “Hallelujah,” Jeff Buckley (1994) Mary Poppins (1964) Ask a Librarian service. Men & Dust (1940) Midnight (1939) Patrons continued to register in person references from variant forms of items in the Library’s Manuscript; Notes on the Port of St. Francis (1951) for the Library-issued user card. Those names and from narrower to broader Music; American Folklife Center; Pulp Fiction (1994) patrons submitted hundreds of requests subject headings within the Library of Prints and Photographs; Motion for materials using the Integrated The Quiet Man (1952) Congress subject headings. Picture, Broadcasting and Recorded The Right Stuff (1983) Library System’s (ILS) automated Call Sound divisions; and other Library of Roger & Me (1989) Slip function in the LC Online Catalog. The Library added 155 new encoded A Virtuous Vamp (1919) The Library circulates approximately archival description finding aids Congress research centers. Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf (1966) 200,000 items per year to patrons online, bringing the total to 2,138 Barbara Morland, head of the Library’s Main Reading Room (right), provides information WEB  loc.gov/rr/ Wild Boys of the Road (1933) to guests during a semi-annual open house. Photo by Shawn Miller using the ILS. The ILS contains 9 web-accessible finding aids covering million authority records that provide more than 58.3 million archival WEB  loc.gov/findingaids/

26 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 27 BIBFRAME developments and testing. Access Directorate began planning to In August, the PCC developed a new recode the remaining portion of the THE FUTURE OF BRAILLE web page, “BIBFRAME and the PCC.” Library’s Name Authority File into alignment with RDA and to populate RDA. March 31, 2013, marked the existing name records with additional nationwide implementation of RDA: enhancements whenever possible. Resource Description & Access, a new cataloging standard designed to better Access for the Blind and meet the demands of the digital age. Physically Handicapped RDA replaces the Anglo-American In fiscal 2014, the National Library Cataloguing Rules, second edition, a Service for the Blind and Physically standard used by libraries throughout Handicapped (NLS) circulated more Tammy Wong, a senior cataloging specialist in the Geography and Map Division, the English-speaking world since 1981. than 23 million copies of braille and uses the RDA cataloging standard. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis The new standard offers better tools to recorded books and magazines to some describe digital and nonprint resources, 890,000 reader accounts through a such as digital maps, streaming videos, network of more than 100 cooperating Cataloging that depend on bibliographic data sound recordings in various formats libraries. During the year, NLS The Library provided cataloging shared by the Library and its partners. and e-books. Following the release contracted for the production of 3,224 records to the nation’s 122,000 public, In fiscal 2014, the Library continued of RDA, the Library continued to audio books, 480 braille titles and the school, academic and research libraries to support the BIBFRAME initiative, participate in refining the new standard conversion of more than 6,000 legacy and other institutions that rely on the sought to increase the publicity for and making it more accessible to titles from analog to digital format. The Library’s Assistive Technology Demonstration Center offers a variety of devices, such as a braille keyboard, to help employees with disabilities. Photo by Shawn Miller Library’s bibliographic data. In fiscal the initiative and provided metadata librarians. The Library was represented Under its agreement with Hachette 2014, the Library cataloged in its creators with a greater understanding of on the Joint Steering Committee for Book Group, New York, New York, Voyager system 359,072 new works the initiative. In June 2014, the Library Development of RDA (JSC), which NLS continued to provide copies of the The Library has a long tradition of making its collections accessible to staff on 275,112 separate bibliographic expressed its desire to work with the met in Washington, D.C., in November publisher’s audiobooks for use in the and patrons who are unable to use conventional printed materials. When the records. Production of full- and Program for Cooperative Cataloging 2013. The JSC discussed 48 proposals program at no cost to the Library. Thomas Jefferson Building opened in 1897, it housed a special reading room standard-level original cataloging (PCC) to assure that the development and discussion papers. Five papers for the blind. Established in the Library of Congress in 1931 when President Through its digital talking-book totaled 186,657 bibliographic records. and fine-tuning of BIBFRAME is were submitted by the Library of Hoover signed the Pratt-Smoot Act into law, the National Library Service for program, NLS distributed digital The Library and other member informed by input, feedback and Congress. The primary development the Blind and Physically Handicapped has provided books in various formats to players and audiobooks on flash- institutions of the international support from the cooperative cataloging work on RDA accomplished during readers who have visual disabilities for more than 80 years and for people with memory cartridges in specially Program for Cooperative Cataloging community. On June 24, the Library fiscal 2014 included a major release physical disabilities since 1966. This service, which began with braille books, designed mailing containers to libraries created 281,111 name and series distributed a survey to PCC members of the online RDA Toolkit (April 2014) has recently expanded to include electronic braille, which is downloaded over nationwide. NLS continued to evaluate authority records, and 3,350 subject and numerous electronic discussion lists. and two updates, issued in November the Internet from the Braille and Audio Reading Download site (known as options for on-demand duplication of authorities. The Library served as A total of 860 individuals responded to 2013 and February 2014. With the BARD) and read using braille embossers or refreshable braille devices. digital talking books on flash memory secretariat for the program and the survey. Many respondents noted they Program for Cooperative Cataloging, cartridges. This lays the groundwork On July 4, 2014, the Library released a report titled “The Future of Braille” at created 77,652 of the name and series were unaware they could participate in the Acquisitions and Bibliographic authority records and 1,786 of the for the introduction of a distribution the National Federation of the Blind national convention in Orlando, Florida. subject authorities. Dewey Decimal model that would make it easier for The report details the proceedings of a Braille Summit held by NLS in partnership with the Perkins School for the Blind in Watertown, Massachusetts, Classification numbers were assigned Judy Dixon and Neil Bernstein of the National Library Services for the Blind and Physically NLS patrons to receive any NLS digital to 86,630 titles as a service to other Handicapped demonstrate the BARD application for mobile devices. Photo by Lina Dutky title on flash memory cartridge. in June 2013. Participants recognized that collaboration is the way forward libraries throughout the world that use for strengthening braille literacy. They recommended NLS support efforts that system to organize their collections. World Digital Library to update braille technology and specifications. They also recommended The World Digital Library (WDL) is the service provide a low-cost refreshable braille device in the same way Bibliographic Framework Initiative. a website, accessible from anywhere it provides audio-playback equipment. Other stakeholders urged steps to Since 2011, the Library of Congress has in the world, which presents in address the shortage of teachers and cost prohibitions, promote braille as been leading a bibliographic framework digital form documents of historical a communications tool, make better use of technology to reduce the cost of initiative (BIBFRAME) to plan for significance, free of charge, about braille production and to produce a low-cost refreshable braille device. the evolution from the present to the numerous countries and cultures. WEB  loc.gov/nls/other/futureofbraille.html future model, not only for the Library Proposed by the Librarian of Congress, of Congress but also for the institutions the site was launched in 2009. Since

28 COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 29 Astronomy and the Natural Sciences, Germany, information; Library exhibitions; and iTunesU channel has been viewed 818 CE, Bavarian State Library; videos and podcasts of Library events. or heard via downloads and streams THE SURVIVAL OF SILENT FILMS Ramayana, Burma, 1870, The British The Library’s website recorded more more than 3.5 million times since its Library; Qur’an, Malaysia or Thailand, than 78.1 million visits and 489.3 launch in June 2009. New content Released in 2011, Martin Scorsese’s circa 1850-1899, The British Library; million page-views in fiscal 2014. added in fiscal 2014 included tutorials Hugo and Michael Hazanavicius’ The Artist and Views of Great Tibet (photograph on Congress.gov and the NLS BARD were cinematic tributes to the bygone era album), circa 1900–1901, University of During the year, the Library continued service, Copyright roundtables on of silent films. Moviegoers, however, may Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries. with “Project ONE,” its enterprise- orphan works and mass digitization, not realize that the vast majority of feature- wide effort to manage its existing scholarly symposia, poetry readings, length silent films made in America have A key objective of the WDL project is website content and provide a base concerts and each presentation from been completely lost to time and neglect. to build digital library capabilities in upon which to develop new capabilities. the 2013 National Book Festival. the developing world. To that end, the With oversight from the Library’s Web According to a survey released by the WDL continued to operate digital- Governance Board, the Library-wide Thousands of photo enthusiasts Library of Congress on Dec. 4, 2013, of This 16th-century gospel book from the estimated 11,000 silent feature films Ethiopia was the 10,000th item to be conversion centers at the National web strategy coordinates three web continued to not only access but also added to the Library’s World Digital Library and Archives of Egypt in content areas: Congress, the Copyright help identify Library photos from the produced and distributed domestically from Library website. Cairo; the Iraqi National Library and Office and the National Library. Fiscal early 1900s through the photo-sharing 1912 through 1929, about 1,575 exist in Archives in Baghdad; and the National 2014 marked year three of a multi-year project on Flickr. During the year, the their original format. Five percent of those Library of Uganda in Kampala. strategic project to deliver legislative Library added nearly 2,500 photos to that survived in their original 35 mm format then participation has grown to 181 are incomplete. Eleven percent of the films Established with private funding, these content under the Library’s new unified its Flickr account, bringing the total to The Library released a report on the partners in 81 countries. centers contribute to the capacity- web architecture. Beta testing of the more than 22,000. The images have status of silent feature films. that are complete only exist as foreign building mission of the WDL and are Congress.gov site was completed during received 164 million views since 2008. versions or in lower-quality formats. A highlight of the year was the digitizing rare and at-risk material that the year and the site became official at development of a revamped and Commissioned by the Library’s National Film Preservation Board, the study titled otherwise would be inaccessible to U.S. the close of the fiscal year (see page 19). In addition to its main Facebook site— updated user interface for the WDL The Survival of American Silent Feature Films: 1912–1929 was written by historian- and international audiences. with more than 200,000 “friends”— archivist David Pierce and published by the Council on Library and Information website. The beta version was released Library of Congress events, book the Library offers Facebook pages Resources. The survey is one of several congressionally mandated studies of the to partners for testing and comments WEB  wdl.org talks and concerts reached extensive for the Law Library, the American nation’s cinematic and recorded-sound heritage. As part of the research for the study, on Sept. 15, 2014. Among its many audiences through the Library’s Folklife Center, Performing Arts and Pierce prepared a valuable inventory database of information on archival, commercial improvements, the new interface was The Library’s Website YouTube and iTunesU channels. The the National Digital Information and private holdings—who has custody of the films, how complete they are, the films’ designed to better accommodate access and Social Media Library’s YouTube channel continued Infrastructure and Preservation formats and where the best surviving copies can be found. The report concludes that on mobile devices. In fiscal 2014, the The Library’s website, loc.gov, to grow with the addition of nearly 500 Program. The Library’s Twitter the existence of the database will allow the repatriation of lost American movies. Films WDL website recorded more than 3.7 provides users with access to the new videos this year. Since the site’s presence includes feeds for the World initially thought lost have been found—and subsequently repatriated—in Australia, million visits and 24 million page-views. institution’s unparalleled resources, debut in 2009, the Library’s YouTube Digital Library, the digital preservation New Zealand, France and many other countries. such as its online catalogs; selected channel has garnered almost 7.8 program, the Congressional Research With the addition of a set of 16th- collections in various formats; million video-views by users around Service, teacher resources and the WEB  loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/resources/ century gospel books from Ethiopia in the world. Content on the Library’s copyright, legal and legislative Register of Copyrights’ Twitter feed. silent-film-resources March, the site reached the milestone The Library’s main Twitter account of 10,000 items online. At year’s end, gained 80,000 followers during the the WDL website contained 10,689 year, bringing the total to 630,000. items, containing more than 492,498 launch on April 24, 2007—has since Service for the Blind and Physically images, in 116 languages. In June, the Library launched its been joined by blogs generated by the Handicapped for its special-format presence on Pinterest, a social-media Copyright Office; the Law Library; music materials; the Packard Campus Other noteworthy content added to the platform for those seeking creative con- the National Digital Preservation and for Audio-Visual Conservation, site from partner institutions included tent and inspiration. At year’s end, the Information Infrastructure Program; featuring early sound and film treasures; The Cervera Bible, Spain, 1299–1300, Library’s account had 14 boards featur- the Music, Prints and Photographs, and for the John W. Kluge Center to National Library of Portugal; and Science, Technology and Business ing seasonal content from its collections, highlight the center’s scholarly research. Cosmography, England, circa 1190, Walters exhibitions, publications and events, divisions; the Poetry and Literature Art Museum; “Fragment from Major such as the National Book Festival. Center; the Educational Outreach WEB  loc.gov Alfred Dreyfus’s Memoirs” (sound Office; and the American Folklife recording), 1912, National Library of The Library’s main blog—among Center. In fiscal 2014, new blogs were WEB  blogs.loc.gov France; Collection of Texts on Mathematical the first federal blogs at the time of its introduced by the National Library WEB  loc.gov/connect

Screenshot from the Library’s Pinterest page 30 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS COLLECTING, PRESERVING AND PROVIDING ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE | 31 Students from Seaton Elementary School in Washington, D.C., are inspired by a visit from illustrator Elizabeth Zunon to the Library’s Young Readers Center. Photo by Shealah Craighead

PROMOTING CREATIVITY Public Programs world premieres of commissioned Through its support of the Copyright During the year, the Library presented works. Sponsored by the Music Office, the Library supports the goals hundreds of public programs that Division with support from private PROMOTING CREATIVITY, and administration of an effective promoted creativity, scholarship and donors, the 2013–2014 season of copyright law, which the Supreme lifelong learning. Below is a selected concerts from the Library of Congress Court has called the “engine of list. Webcasts of many of these events presented concerts featuring world- SCHOLARSHIP AND free expression.” Rooted in the U.S. can be viewed on the Library’s website. class chamber music, jazz, bluegrass, Constitution, copyright law is designed country, American music theater, WEB  loc.gov/loc/events/ to promote, protect and disseminate pop, rock and electronica. The LIFELONG LEARNING works of authorship. WEB  loc.gov/webcasts/ concerts were complemented by guest speakers, curators, panels, film The Library also promotes creativity Concerts. Since 1925, the Library’s screenings and displays of rarely seen and cultural literacy through its many Coolidge Auditorium has provided a manuscripts, letters and memorabilia public programs throughout the year. venue for world-class performers and from the Library’s holdings. All

32 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS PROMOTING CREATIVITY, SCHOLARSHIP AND LIFELONG LEARNING | 33 concerts were presented free of charge one of only five venues in the country Matters Lecture Series. It again offered Decolonization, and the second CELEBRATION OF MEXICO in the Library’s historic, 500-seat equipped to show original classic film a program on World Intellectual annual “NASA/Library of Congress Coolidge Auditorium. The Library’s prints on nitrate film stock as they Property Day, on April 23, this time Astrobiology Symposium,” focused 88th concert season celebrated would have been screened in theaters featuring movies and the copyright on the potential impacts on society American history and culture through before 1950. The theater also features law, with remarks from Francis and humanity of finding microbial or performances by some of the nation’s a custom-made organ that provides Gurry, director general of the World complex life beyond earth. most eloquent musicians, including live musical accompaniment for silent Intellectual Property Organization. Rosanne Cash, who came to the movies to enhance the cinematic The Law Library hosted the Frederic Library for a three-day residency experience. During the year, the theater The Daniel A. Murray African R. and Molly S. Kellogg Biennial that included a live debut of her new offered 140 public screenings of more American Culture Association Lecture on Jurisprudence on Nov. 7, album The River and the Thread. The than 200 titles held by the Library. sponsored a lecture by civil rights 2013. This was the third lecture of the concert season also commemorated More than 11,000 people attended activist Dick Gregory. series and featured Nobel Laureate the 200th birthdays of Giuseppe Verdi these screenings. Amartya Sen, professor of economics The European Division hosted the and Richard Wagner, the bicentennial and philosophy at Harvard University. “Second Conference on Latvian of “The Star-Spangled Banner,” the Lectures, Symposia, Poetry Readings. The Law Library celebrated Human Diaspora Archives, Libraries, and 75th anniversary of the founding of The selected events highlighted below Rights Day with a panel discussion Material Culture.” Held on Sept. 11, the Blue Note Records label and the are a sampling of the many programs on refugee rights. On May 1, in the event was sponsored jointly with 50th anniversary of the March on hosted by the Library during the recognition of Law Day 2014, the the American Latvian Association and Washington. The noontime folklife fiscal year. Law Library hosted a lecture by Jeffrey The Maru Montero Troupe performs a Concheros dance at the Library’s Celebration of the Embassy of Latvia. Mexico on Dec. 12, 2013. Photo by Shealah Craighead concert series known as “Homegrown: Rosen of the National Constitution The African and Middle Eastern The Music of America” brought the Center on the influence of the courts Division sponsored approximately The Geography and Map Division multicultural richness of American and Congress on civil and voting The Library’s two-day “Celebration of Mexico,” held Dec. 12–13, 2013, featured 30 programs, including a symposium hosted the annual Jay I. Kislak Lecture folk arts from around the country rights. The Law Library marked music, film, sound recordings and presentations by eminent Mexican and Mexican- on the Persian book in conjunction on the archaeology and history of the to the nation’s capital. Presented Constitution Day on Sept. 16 with a American writers, artists and scholars. The event included the film premiere of with the Persian book exhibition. early Americas, which was delivered by by the American Folklife Center in lecture by law professor Akhil Amar The History of the Mexican Revolution. Made over the course of 30 years, it The African Section and the Poetry noted archaeologist Richard Hansen cooperation with the Kennedy Center on the ways in which the United States is the oldest existing Mexican documentary and the only surviving example of and Literature Center jointly sponsored on April 2. On May 15, the division Millennium Stage, the series ran from has both drawn upon and broken with a compilation film made during the silent-movie era. The Library holds the only a lecture series featuring African poets joined the Philip Lee Phillips Society in June through September. English constitutional precursors such existing copy and has preserved the five black-and-white nitrate reels. The film was and writers. sponsoring a major conference on the as Magna Carta and the English Bill presented with live piano accompaniment by Andrew Simpson. history of 20th-century cartography. WEB  loc.gov/concerts/ The American Folklife Center of Rights of 1689. In conjunction Mexican archaeologist and historian Leonardo López Luján, who directs the presented more than 20 public The Hispanic Division sponsored more with the Library’s upcoming Magna historic Templo Mayor project of Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and Exhibitions. Library exhibitions programs during the year, including than 20 events including a two-day Carta exhibition scheduled to open History, discussed work being done to unearth the ancient Aztec metropolis of mounted in fiscal 2014 marked several those that were part of its Benjamin symposium on “The Spanish Language in November 2014, the Law Library Tenochtitlan, buried under Mexico City. Other program highlights included talks milestones such as a thousand years Botkin Lecture Series. of the United States,” organized with launched a Magna Carta Lecture by the novelist/poet/playwright Carmen Boullosa about women in Mexico, and by of the Persian book, the centennial of the North American Academy of Series, co-sponsored by the American one of the country’s most distinguished public intellectuals, Enrique Krauze, on the American Society of Composers, The Center for the Book sponsored the Spanish Language, and jointly Bar Association Standing Committee Mexican history; a panel on the long history of Mexico’s presence in the U.S. that Authors and Publishers, the 75th more than 25 public programs during sponsored by the Embassies of Mexico on the Law Library of Congress. included one of America’s most beloved Chicana storytellers, Sandra Cisneros, anniversary of the American Ballet the year. Many of these were part and Spain. The Hispanic Division The Poetry and Literature Center and was moderated by journalist María Hinojosa; and a multimedia presentation by Theatre and the 50th anniversary of of the popular Books & Beyond assisted in the Library’s “Celebration offered numerous poetry readings Adalberto Ríos Szalay, one of Mexico’s most acclaimed photographers. the Civil Rights Act of 1964. series, which highlights new books by of Mexico,” held Dec. 12–13. (See Appendix D, Exhibitions.) authors who drew on the Library’s and literary events during the year. Presented in collaboration with the Mexican Embassy in the United States of vast resources to produce their works. The John W. Kluge Center sponsored Natasha Trethewey concluded her America, the “Celebration of Mexico” was made possible through the generous WEB  loc.gov/exhibits/ Among the notable speakers were more than 25 public programs during tenure as the Library’s 19th Poet support of the Embassy of Mexico in the United States of America; The James Nicholas A. Basbanes discussing his the year on topics such as foreign Laureate Consultant in Poetry at the Madison Council of the Library of Congress; Jay and Jean Kislak; Bimbo Bakeries Film Screenings. The Library’s book on the history of paper and policy, religion, American history Library of Congress with an evening USA; Donald Gerardo and María de las Nieves Mier de Jones; and Nicolás Packard Campus Theater continued its Maureen Corrigan offering her and government, world history, lecture in the Coolidge Auditorium Mariscal Torroella. popular film screenings that showcase perspective on The Great Gatsby. astrobiology, the earth and the on May 14. Charles Wright gave his the film, television, radio and recorded environment, and arts and culture. inaugural reading as the 20th Poet WEB  loc.gov/celebration-of-mexico/ sound collections of the Library of The Copyright Office offered a number Notable events included the “Ninth Laureate Consultant in Poetry on Congress. The Art Deco-style theater is of programs as part of its Copyright Annual International Seminar on Sept. 25. The center also sponsored

34 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS PROMOTING CREATIVITY, SCHOLARSHIP AND LIFELONG LEARNING | 35 programs celebrating the birthdays of PROMOTING SCHOLARSHIP Congress to “preserve and present the Library of Congress, covering the such writers as Philip Roth, Vladimir The Library is a catalyst for promoting American folklife.” As the national period 1937–1971. (See Appendix B, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS NATIONAL BOOK FESTIVAL Nabokov and Countee Cullen. scholarship through the John W. center for folklife scholarship, the Publications.) Kluge Center and the American center is responsible for research, The 14th annual Library of Congress National Book Festival, held Aug. 30, 2014, The Rare Book and Special Collections Folklife Center, which offer fellowship documentation, archival presentation, WEB  loc.gov/publish/ drew a capacity crowd of book-lovers to the free, public event in a new, indoor Division sponsored a symposium on the opportunities in various disciplines reference service, live performances, WEB  loc.gov/shop/ venue, the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C. The authenticity of print materials on Dec. 6. and publications that showcase the exhibitions, publications and training. theme of the festival, which celebrates the joy of reading and the importance of Library’s unparalleled collections. The AFC includes the Archive of Library-appointed Scholars lifelong learning and literacy, was “Stay Up With a Good Book,” a nod to the fact The Science, Technology and Folk Culture, which was established and Fellows that the 12-hour event continued into the evening hours for the first time. Business Division’s fall lecture series, The John W. Kluge Center in 1928 and is now one of the largest The American Folklife Center’s Archie September–December 2013, included The festival featured presentations and book-signings by 110 bestselling authors, The John W. Kluge Center was collections of ethnographic material Green Fellowships. Archie Green illustrated talks by NASA scientists on illustrators and poets. In addition to the longtime genre pavilions (Children; Teens; established in 2000 with a gift of $60 from the United States and around Fellowships, which are designed to hot towers in hurricanes, the history History & Biography; Fiction & Mystery; Contemporary Life; and Poetry & Prose), million from the late John W. Kluge, the world. The center continues to stimulate innovative research projects there were new pavilions devoted to Science, Culinary Arts and, for very young of cosmology and lectures by experts Metromedia president and founding collect and document living traditional documenting occupational culture readers, Picture Books; there were also live cooking demonstrations by cookbook on Gregor Johann Mendel, the use of chair of the James Madison Council (the culture, while preserving for the future in contemporary America, went to authors and four evening sessions, “Great Books to Great Movies,” the “Graphic nanotechnology in treating cancer and Library’s private-sector advisory group). its unparalleled collections in the four teams of researchers in fiscal Novels Supersession,” a poetry slam and a session saluting the centennial of three the 60th anniversary of the discovery Located within the Library’s Office state-of-the-art preservation facilities of 2014. Bob Bussel of the University giants of Mexican literature. of the DNA structure. of Scholarly Programs, the center’s the Library of Congress. One of the of Oregon headed a research team goal is to bring the world’s scholars center’s major initiatives is the Veterans documenting the occupational culture WEB  loc.gov/loc/events/ The Library of Congress Pavilion offered myriad presentations by the Library’s to the Library of Congress to use the of workers who provide home-based History Project, which was established curators about the institution’s collections and services. The Library’s Young institution’s vast resources and interact by Congress in 2000 to preserve health care for the elderly and the Open Houses. Twice each year, Readers Center and Educational Outreach section greeted parents and children. with policymakers in Washington. the memories and artifacts of the disabled throughout Oregon. Dale The Library of Congress opens its The event also turned out large crowds for the Pavilion of the States, with a table nation’s war veterans. The center also and Darcy Cahill from Bakersfield, magnificent Main Reading Room for a During the year, the Kluge Center representing each of the more than 50 state Centers for the Book in the U.S. administers the StoryCorps Collection Vermont conducted oral history special public open house. Each event brought to Washington 110 scholars states and territories, the book-signing area and the “Let’s Read America” area, and the Civil Rights History Project interviews for their project “Tobacco draws thousands of visitors wishing to and interns in the humanities and featuring pro-literacy activities for children offered by the event’s sponsors. (see page 16). Workers in Connecticut River Valley,” view the Library’s architecture, tour its social sciences. Senior scholars, pre- documenting an important tobacco- The 2014 Library of Congress National Book Festival was made possible through exhibitions and learn how to access its and post-doctoral fellows and interns WEB  loc.gov/folklife/ producing area since colonial times. the generous support of National Book Festival Board Co-chair David M. Rubenstein; vast collections. The fall open house researched topics of historical and Andy Kolovos and his colleagues at Charter Sponsors the Institute of Museum and Library Services, The Washington took place on the federal Veterans contemporary significance in the fields Publications the Vermont Folklife Center received Post and Wells Fargo; Patron the National Endowment for the Arts; Contributors Day holiday. The event provided an of humanities, social sciences, foreign Each year, the Library publishes funding for their project “The Grass- Erika Jayne, Scholastic Inc. and WAMU 88.5 FM; and, in the Friends category, the opportunity for visitors to view the policy and law. books, calendars and other printed Roots Food Movement in Vermont: Marshall B. Coyne Foundation Inc., the Harper Lee Prize for Legal Fiction, the Hay- Library’s Civil War in America exhibition products featuring its vast content. Highlights of the year included a Documenting New Models of Locally Adams, the National Endowment for the Humanities, PBS KIDS and the Small Press and a display of the Nicolay copy of Library publications in print can be congressional hearing on astrobiology Focused Agriculture.” Maida Owens, Expo. Assistance was also provided by C-SPAN2’s Book TV, The Junior League of Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address in the purchased in bookstores nationwide research, with the Baruch S. Blumberg director of the Louisiana Folklife Washington and the Mensa Education and Research Foundation. Library’s Great Hall. Staff members and from the Library Shop. Among NASA/Library of Congress Chair in Program, headed a project titled from the Library’s Veterans History the titles published in 2014 were WEB  loc.gov/bookfest/ Astrobiology Steven Dick testifying “Baton Rouge Small Businesses and Project were on hand to discuss its before the House Committee on volumes featuring items drawn from the Trades.” The Louisiana Folklore archive of veterans’ remembrances Library’s map, photographic and folklife Science, Space and Technology; Society and Louisiana Folklife Program Crowds fill the Walter E. Washington Convention Center for the as well as how to conduct oral history collections. Two e-books were produced, the launch of a C-SPAN American worked together to interview workers Library’s 2014 National Book Festival. Photo by Colena Turner interviews. A second open house, on the History television interview series including a collection of more than 700 and shop and business owners in federal Presidents Day holiday, featured with Kluge scholars; and the images from the Library’s photograph multigenerational small businesses and items from the Library’s collections announcement of the first-ever Kluge collections. At year’s end, the Library, trades in the greater Baton Rouge area. of the first three American presidents: Center Fellowship in Digital Studies. in association with Skira/Rizzoli, George Washington, John Adams and published The Forgotten Fifties: America’s The American Folklife Center’s Gerald Thomas Jefferson. The Library’s Young WEB  loc.gov/kluge/ Decade from the Archives of Look Magazine, E. and Corinne L. Parsons Fund for Readers Center celebrated past and which brings the 1950s to life through Ethnography Fellowships. The Gerald future presidents, with presentations American Folklife Center more than 200 photographs drawn E. and Corinne L. Parsons Fund for about the presidents as children, The American Folklife Center from the more than 4 million images Ethnography makes the Library’s presidential trivia and craft activities. (AFC) was created in 1976 by in the Look Magazine Collection in collections of primary ethnographic

36 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 37 Junior Fellows. A panel of Library in Astrobiology; John Bew, Henry book is Caribou (2014). Wright’s major analyzes works of art about domestic curators and specialists selected 49 A. Kissinger Chair in Foreign Policy honors include the Pulitzer Prize and political disputes in the Northern college students from among more and International Relations; David National Book Critics Circle Award for Netherlands during the 17th century. than 940 applicants to participate Grinspoon, Distinguished Visiting Black Zodiac; the National Book Award The recipients will variously conduct in the Library’s 2014 Junior Fellows Scholar; Morton Kondracke, for Country Music: Selected Early Poems; the research in the Library’s General, Summer Intern Program. During Distinguished Visiting Scholar; and Jane Bollingen Prize for Bye-and-Bye: Selected Prints and Photographs, Rare Book the 10-week paid internship (May McAuliffe, Distinguished Visiting Scholar. Late Poems; and the International Griffin and Special Collections divisions 27–Aug. 1), the interns inventoried, Poetry Prize for Scar Tissue. and the Serials and Government cataloged, arranged, preserved and National Ambassador for Young Publications Division. researched a backlog of copyright People’s Literature. Two-time Swann Fellows. The Caroline The 2014 Junior Fellows display the projects they worked on during their summer or special-collections material in Newbery Award-winner Kate and Erwin Swann Foundation for Teacher-in-Residence. The Library internship at the Library of Congress. Photo by Amanda Reynolds many different formats in various DiCamillo was named National Caricature and Cartoon, administered of Congress recruits educators to work divisions. The focus of the program is Ambassador for Young People’s by the Library of Congress, selected with its Educational Outreach division on increasing access to the Library’s Literature by Librarian of Congress three doctoral candidates to receive to help teachers and school librarians materials available for research. Awards important ethnographic recordings on collections and raising awareness James H. Billington on Jan. 2, 2014. Swann Foundation fellowships for the incorporate the Library’s digitized in fiscal 2014 went to two independent the nonprofit Sandrock Recordings of the Library’s digital-preservation She has chosen “Stories Connect academic year 2014: Andrew Benjamin primary sources into the classroom. researchers. Brian Miller researched label. The recordings document the programs by making them better- Us” for her platform. The National Bricker, a postdoctoral fellow in English Each Teacher-in-Residence undertakes the recordings of Michael Cassius grassroots music of the Cumberland known and accessible to Members of Ambassador position was created to at McGill University, will investigate a project to benefit his or her home Dean and other important Minnesota Plateau and Cumberland Mountain Congress and researchers, including raise awareness of the importance of a shift in satire in the second half school or district to be implemented folksingers in AFC collections. His region of Tennessee. scholars, students, teachers and the young people’s literature as it relates of the 18th century. Paul Hirsch, a during the following academic year. research contributed to a planned general public. The 2014 program was to lifelong literacy, education and the history instructor at the University of Rebecca Newland, a school librarian Copyright Office Special Programs. reissuance of Dean’s classic book made possible through the generosity development and betterment of the California, Santa Barbara, examines in Virginia Beach City Public Schools, The U.S. Copyright Office launched The Flying Cloud, as well as an online of the late Mrs. Jefferson Patterson lives of young people. the dissemination of and impact made served as the Library’s 2013–2014 two fellowship programs in fiscal presentation of Dean’s recordings. and the Knowledge Navigators Trust by millions of American comic books Teacher-in-Residence. For her project, 2014. The Abraham L. Kaminstein Scott Barretta, a prominent authority Fund with additional support provided National Digital Stewardship and cartoon booklets from the early Newland planned and delivered Scholar in Residence Program brings on blues music, researched Mississippi by The Pew Charitable Trusts. A Residency. The National Digital 1940s to the mid-1950s. Maureen professional development days in her leading academics with a demonstrated Fred McDowell in the Pete Welding lead gift from H. F. (Gerry) Lenfest, Stewardship Residency (NDSR) is a Warren, a doctoral candidate in art home school district. The two-day commitment to the study of copyright Collection. Barretta is making a chair of the Library’s James Madison Library interagency agreement with history at Northwestern University, workshop trained 65 educators to use law and policy to the Copyright Office documentary film about McDowell, Council private-sector advisory group, the Institute of Museum and Library to research and work on mutually one of the great blues performers established the Knowledge Navigators Services to provide a unique opportunity beneficial projects. Professor Robert discovered by Alan Lomax in the 1950s. Trust Fund with major support for recent graduates to apply their Brauneis of The George Washington provided by members of the council. digital stewardship knowledge in a The American Folklife Center’s Henry University, the 2013–2014 Kaminstein hands-on environment and to help host Reed Fund. The Henry Reed Fund was fellow, led development of a major Kluge Center Scholars. Founded in institutions with digital assets address established for the benefit of folk artists report regarding legal and business 2000, the Kluge Center attracts some challenges related to digital stewardship. and to honor master Appalachian fiddler issues related to bringing the Copyright of the world’s brightest minds to the In fiscal 2014, the NDSR hosted its Henry Reed. The North American Office’s public recordation division Library of Congress, where they first class of 10 residents. During the Guqin Association was awarded online. Through the Barbara A. pursue humanistic and social-science nine-month program, residents worked support for “The Guqin Artistry of Zha Ringer Copyright Honors Program, research. Kluge fellowship recipients, on digital stewardship projects at hosting Fuxi,” a project including a concert, a developing lawyers who demonstrate all of whom have received terminal institutions, which included the Library, master class, a roundtable discussion, exceptional ability and interest in advanced degrees within the past seven the Smithsonian Institution Archive, archival research, fieldwork and a copyright law work closely with years, spend four to 11 months at the the Public Broadcasting Service and documentary CD revolving around the senior Copyright Office legal staff John W. Kluge Center in the Library’s the World Bank. work of the late Chinese guqin (7-string on domestic and international law Thomas Jefferson Building. zither) artist Zha Fuxi. Friends of the and policy projects. With law degrees Poet Laureate. On June 12, 2014, Cumberland Trail was also awarded from Columbia University and the In fiscal 2014, the following scholars Charles Wright was appointed as the support for a year-long series of public University of Chicago, respectively, served as Distinguished Chairs or Library’s 20th Poet Laureate Consultant concerts and CD launch events in 11 Michelle Chloe and Donald Robert Distinguished Visiting Scholars: in Poetry for 2014–2015. Born in counties along the Cumberland Trail Stevens began their 2014–2015 Steven Dick, Baruch S. Blumberg Tennessee, Wright is the author of 24 The John W. Kluge Center Photo by Travis Hensley in Tennessee, celebrating the release of fellowships in September. NASA/Library of Congress Chair collections of poems. His most recent

38 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS PROMOTING CREATIVITY, SCHOLARSHIP AND LIFELONG LEARNING | 39 the Library’s primary sources in the Center for the Book Library of Congress 2014 National classrooms around the world. Access classroom. Newland was invited to The Library’s Center for the Book was Book Festival (see page 37). to these resources assists educators in SCIENCE LITERACY serve a second term in 2014–2015. established by Congress in 1977 to meeting curriculum goals and creating “stimulate public interest in books and During the year, the center reprised lifelong learners. The Teachers Page, To support students and teachers Scientist Carl Sagan poses Witter Bynner Fellowships. A Witter reading.” A public-private partnership, its national signature project—Letters the Library’s web-based resource for as they navigate the knowledge with models of the planets. Bynner poetry fellowship, one of two the center sponsors educational about Literature—which inspires teachers, includes lesson plans that Photo by Eduardo Castaneda necessary to excel in the sciences, of the 17th annual Witter Bynner programs that reach readers of all young people to write about how books meet curriculum standards. In fiscal the Library of Congress, on fellowships, was awarded to Honorée ages through its affiliated state centers, have changed their lives (see page 45). 2014, the site recorded more than10 Jan. 30, 2014, released a new, Fanonne Jeffers. Poet Jake Adam York collaborations with nonprofit reading With St. Mary’s College Center for million page views. was also named, posthumously. Jeffers Environmental Literacy, the Center illustrated online web presentation promotion partners and through the read her work on March 26 and York’s for the Book co-sponsored River of to showcase items from its Young Readers Center and Poetry The Educational Outreach Team poetry was read by Poet Laureate Words, an environmental poetry and science-related collections. and Literature Center at the Library worked with Web Services to develop Natasha Trethewey. Bynner was an art program. the Interactive Student Discovery of Congress. In collaboration with the Titled “Finding Our Place in the influential poet of the early 20th century Series for Apple iPads, which can Children’s Book Council (CBC) and The Young Readers Center in the Cosmos,” the web presentation and the translator of the Chinese classic be downloaded free of charge on the CBC Foundation, and with support Thomas Jefferson Building continued also celebrates the career of the Tao Te Ching, which he named The Way iBooks. Based on content—including from publishers, the center sponsors to grow in popularity, with new late Carl Sagan (1934–1996). of Life, According to Laotzu. primary-source documents—from the National Ambassador for Young programs and activities for children An astronomer and astrobiologist, Sagan was renowned as a consummate the Library’s Teachers Page, the WEB  loc.gov/hr/employment People’s Literature. The center also that attracted nearly 33,000 visitors communicator who bridged the gap between academe and popular culture first six discovery sets cover the maintains and updates the Library’s during the year. through his popular television series Cosmos and his best-selling book of the U.S. Constitution, Symbols of the literacy-promotion website, Read.gov. same title. PROMOTING LIFELONG The Poetry and Literature Center, United States, Immigration, the Dust LEARNING During the year, the Center for the which fosters and enhances the public’s Bowl, the Harlem Renaissance and Sagan’s papers, which are held in the Library’s Manuscript Division, were opened In additional to its fellowships, research Book administered the Library of appreciation of literature, is the home Understanding the Cosmos. to researchers on Nov. 12. This collection came to the Library in 2012 through the services and collections access, the Congress Literacy Awards, originated of the Poet Laureate Consultant generosity of writer, producer and director Seth MacFarlane, and is officially designated The Library offered an array of Library of Congress promotes lifelong and supported by Library benefactor in Poetry. Natasha Trethewey, the The Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive. Druyan is professional development opportunities learning and literacy through its Center David M. Rubenstein. The awards Library’s Poet Laureate Consultant in an author and producer who collaborated with her late husband (Sagan) on the Cosmos for the nation’s teachers. These included for the Book and K–12 educational recognize and support organizations Poetry for 2013–2014, presided over television series and the film adaptation of his science fiction work,Contact. outreach efforts, which assist the and institutions in the United States the literary season, which also featured five Summer Teacher Institutes held at nation’s teachers in engaging students and abroad that have made significant many distinguished poets and writers the Library in July and August 2014. Online visitors can view some 300 items, including rare books, manuscripts and through the use of primary resources in contributions to combating illiteracy. reading from their works. Participants in the summer program celestial atlases, early science fiction books and pop-culture items along with the classroom. The winners were announced at the totaled 136 educators from 33 states, Sagan’s journals, loose notes, letters and drafts of his published works. The Center for the Book developed the representing 104 congressional districts. authors’ program for the 2014 National For the first time, the program included The opening of the collection brought MacFarlane and Druyan to the Library, along Book Festival and organized its Pavilion a seminar for science educators and a with scientists Bill Nye (“the Science Guy”) and astrophysicist Neil de Grasse of the States. Civil Rights Institute in conjunction Tyson, who were mentored by Sagan. with the Library’s exhibition on the WEB  Read.gov Civil Rights Act of 1964. WEB  loc.gov/collections/finding-our-place-in-the-cosmos-with-carl-sagan/ WEB  loc.gov/poetry/ Through its Teaching with Primary Educational Outreach Sources Program (TPS) the Library is Consortium, composed of the Library’s primary sources, inspiration and Administered by the Educational providing educators with methods and 28 partner institutions across the country. ideas. The team also published 106 Outreach Team in the Office of materials that build student literacy posts on its Teaching with the Library Strategic Initiatives, the Library’s skills, content knowledge and critical- From print journals to social media, of Congress blog, to showcase the outreach to teachers focuses on thinking abilities. During the year, the Library sought to connect with Library’s collections and strategies the use of primary sources in the through workshops, conferences and educators around the nation. The for using them in the classroom, and classroom. Over the past two decades, webinars, the TPS program served Educational Outreach Team attracted to encourage readers to share their digital technology has allowed the more than 23,000 teachers in 374 more than 5,000 new followers to Author and Illustrator Jarrett Krosczka visits the Young Readers Center. teaching strategies. Photo by Amanda Reynolds Library of Congress to make many congressional districts. Many of these @TeachingLC, the Library’s Twitter of its collections accessible in K–12 received instruction through the TPS feed for K–12 educators, offering WEB  loc.gov/teachers/

40 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS PROMOTING CREATIVITY, SCHOLARSHIP AND LIFELONG LEARNING | 41 Poetry and Literature Center Director Robert Casper applauds U.S. Poet Laureate Charles Wright at a poetry reading at the Library on Sept. 25, 2014.

Throughout the year, the Library of individuality, conviction, dedication, Festival on Aug. 30. The prize honors Congress celebrates the achievements scholarship and lifelong learning. Some an American literary writer whose of the nation’s creative and scholarly of these awards are open to students in body of work is distinguished not only communities. The Library also grades four through 12. for its mastery of the art but for its originality of thought and imagination. E.L. Doctorow, recipient of the Library of Congress Prize for American Fiction, recognizes the accomplishments of its WEB  loc.gov/about/awards-and- speaks at the 2014 National Book Festival. Photo by David Rice staff members. honors/ Literacy Awards. Created and sponsored by philanthropist David M. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Library of Congress Prize for Rubenstein, the Library of Congress PRIZES AND AWARDS American Fiction. E. L. Doctorow, Literacy Awards seek to reward those The Library of Congress sponsors author of such critically acclaimed organizations that have been doing privately endowed programs that novels as Ragtime, World’s Fair, Billy exemplary, innovative and easily CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT honor achievement in the humanities. Bathgate, The March and his most replicable work over a sustained Through these awards and prizes, the recent novel, Andrew’s Brain, received period of time and to encourage new world’s greatest repository of human the Library of Congress Prize for groups, organizations and individuals creativity honors those who have American Fiction during the 2014 to become involved. Recipients of the advanced and embodied the ideals of Library of Congress National Book 2014 annual awards, announced at

42 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT | 43 which recognize the many innovative ways federal libraries, librarians and “Dear Anne Frank, Although the world never heard your library technicians fulfill the information demands of government, business, voice, you have left your words as your story.” scholars and the public. In May, the 2013 winners were announced. They —Jisoo Choi, Letters About Literature Winner included the following:

Large Library/Information Center—Information Services Office, director of Educational Outreach at Historic American Engineering Record in each competition level for each state National Institute of Standards and the Library. or the Historic American Landscapes were chosen. Then, national winners and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Survey. Administered by the Heritage runners-up were chosen from each of the Juliana Hillis and Kaylie O’Connell Maryland, was recognized for its Documentation Programs of the three competition levels: level 1 (grades from Stoneham (Massachusetts) High leadership role in supporting and National Park Service, the $1,000 prize four–six), level 2 (grades seven and eight) School won in the senior division for enhancing the research activities of was announced jointly by the Library of and level 3 (grades nine and 10). their group exhibit, “From an Egg, the NIST scientific and technological Congress and National Park Service on Everything: America’s First IVF Baby.” The following are the national winners community through a comprehensive Feb. 18. The award went to New York Perri Klass from Reach Out and Read accepts the in the three competition levels: program of knowledge management; architect Morgan Fleisig for a drawing David Rubenstein Literacy Prize. Photo by Shealah Craighead Virginia Qian, Deepthi Mohanraj of a 19th-century bridge in Connecticut. and Andreea Ifrim from Redmond Level 1 (tie)—Becker Miller of Small Library/Information (Washington) Middle School won in the Wellesley, Massachusetts, who wrote to Center—The Joint Base Librar-e Letters About Literature. More than junior division for their documentary, Dr. Seuss about his book One Fish Two the 2014 National Book Festival, are essays to participating public libraries and Resource Commons of the 87th 50,000 young readers from across the “An Empire for 250 Years: The Fish Red Fish Blue Fish. Room to Read, winning the David M. in the Mid-Atlantic region. – Force Support Squadron, Joint Base Hudson’s Bay Company.” country participated in the 2013 2014 Rubenstein Prize ($150,000); SMART, McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey, Letters About Literature competition, Jayanth V. Uppaluri of Clayton, winning the American Prize ($50,000); First Place Grand Prize and was recognized for providing access to Chronicling America prizes were sponsored by the Library’s Center for the Missouri, who wrote to Sharon Draper and The Mother Child Education Virginia State Winner high-quality information and materials awarded to Anna Biddle from Carlisle Book. Open to students in grades four about her book Out of My Mind. Foundation, winning the International Ananda Kalukin, Arlington Public for service members, civilians and (Pennsylvania) High School for “Dr. through 12, the competition challenged Prize ($50,000). The literacy awards Library, Arlington, Virginia, wrote the community in support of mission Harvey W. Wiley and the Crusade for young people to write letters to their Level 2—Jisoo Choi of Ellicott City, program is administered by the about Bird Songs Bible by Les Beletsky. readiness, academic development and Safe Food” (senior division). Anika favorite authors explaining how their Maryland, who wrote to Anne Frank Library’s Center for the Book. Final Second Place Grand Prize and quality of life; Rede and Maryum Ali from Birchwood writing changed their lives. The top letters about her book The Diary of a Young Girl. selection of prizewinners was made Virginia State Finalist School in Cleveland, Ohio, won for by the Librarian of Congress, who Gavin Dent, Roanoke County Library/ Federal Library Technician “Uncle Tom's Cabin: Generating a solicited recommendations from an South County Library, Roanoke, of the Year—Brandan Carroll, Rising Tide of Responsibility to End the advisory board of literacy experts. Virginia, wrote about Omaha Beach and Library Technician, Veterans Health Institution of Slavery” (junior division). Beyond: The Long March of Sergeant Bob Administration/Veterans Integrated A Book That Shaped Me Summer In addition, 17 writers from the Slaughter by John Robert Slaughter. Service Network 1, Bedford, Writing Contest. The Library’s “A National History Day senior division Massachusetts, was recognized for Book That Shaped Me” Summer Third Place Grand Prize and were selected to participate in a special exceptional technical competency and Writing Contest, part of the Library’s Virginia State Finalist “Celebration of the Student Writer” National Book Festival, asks rising Caroline Antonipillai, Arlington commitment to service excellence. event at the Library of Congress, a fifth- and sixth-graders to reflect on a Public Library/Central Library, unique opportunity to discuss writing History Prizes. The Library of book that has made a personal impact Arlington, Virginia, wrote about history with authors Doris Kearns Congress “Discovery or Exploration on their lives. Launched in 2012 with Matilda by Roald Dahl. Goodwin and John Mueller. the D.C. Public Library, the contest in History Prize” was awarded as expanded to include public libraries FEDLINK Awards. FEDLINK serves part of National History Day on the Leicester B. Holland Prize. The in Maryland, Virginia, Delaware, federal libraries and information campus of the University of Maryland Holland Prize recognizes the best Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Local centers as their purchasing, training and at College Park on June 17, 2014. The single-sheet, measured drawing of resource-sharing consortium. Each year, prize is sponsored by the Elizabeth libraries offered the contest as part of a historic building, site or structure Mexican anthropologist and historian Miguel León-Portilla accepts the their summer reading programs. More FEDLINK presents the winners of its Ridgway Education Fund, which was prepared to the standards of the Library of Congress Living Legend Award. Photo by Shealah Craighead than 200 young readers submitted national awards for federal librarianship, established in memory of the former Historic American Buildings Survey,

44 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS CELEBRATING ACHIEVEMENT | 45 Les Hawkins, CONSER ORGANIZATIONAL coordinator in the Library’s Acquisitions and REPORTS Bibliographic Access Directorate, received the Ulrich’s Serials Librarianship The Thomas Jefferson Building’s Neptune Plaza is a gathering place for visitors and staff members. Photo by Amanda Reynolds Award from the Association for Library Collections & Technical Services. The award, which recognizes distinguished contributions to serials librarianship, was presented at the American Library Association’s annual conference in Las Vegas in June. Congressional Research Service Director Mary Mazanec (left) presents the Director’s Award to Kathleen Swendiman. Photo by Karl W. Weaver Trevor Owens, a digital archivist with the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program, received the Society of Level 3—Devi Acharya of University the National Library Service for the American Archivists’ Archival Innovator City, Missouri, who wrote to George Blind and Physically Handicapped in Award for organizing innovative events Orwell about his books Animal Farm the Library of Congress. The Palm to bring the preservation community and 1984. Beach County Talking Books Library, together. The award was presented in a subregional library of the Florida August during the annual meeting of WEB  read.gov/letters/ Bureau of Braille and Talking Book the Council of State Archivists, the Library Services network, received the National Association of Government Living Legend Award. The Library of Archives and Records Administrators, Network Subregional Library of the Year Congress Living Legend Award honors and the Society of American Archivists Award, which also carries a $1,000 prize. those who have made significant in Washington, D.C. contributions to America’s diverse cultural, scientific and social heritage. LIBRARY STAFF Kathleen Swendiman, a legislative attorney in the American Law Division First presented in 2000, during the RECOGNITION of the Congressional Research Service, Library’s bicentennial celebration, the Judith P. Cannan, received the CRS Director’s Award for award has been given to artists, writers, chief of the excellence and superior standards of filmmakers, physicians, entertainers, Cooperative and work. She was cited for her extensive sports figures, public servants and Instructional work in health care and public health musicians who have enriched the Programs law, specifically her legal work relating to nation through their professional Division, received health care reform, Medicare, Medicaid accomplishments and personal the American and the H1N1 influenza pandemic. excellence. The award was presented to Library Association’s Federal and Mexican anthropologist and historian Armed Forces Libraries Round Miguel León-Portilla at the Library’s Table 2014 Achievement Award for “Celebration of Mexico” on Dec. 12. achievement in the promotion of

Network Library of the Year. The New library and information service and the Hampshire State Library’s Talking Book information profession in the federal Services received the Network Library community. The award was presented of the Year Award. The award, which at the American Library Association’s carries a $1,000 cash prize, is given by annual conference in Las Vegas in June.

46 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 47 ORGANIZATION CHART

As of September 30, 2014

48 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 49 CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE

The Congressional Research earnings supplements, employment CRS examined banking and financial and risks of the Keystone XL Pipeline, Service (CRS) serves Congress by and training benefits reauthorized regulation reform, government drought conditions in the Southwest, providing comprehensive and reliable by the Workforce Innovation and procurement contracts, war powers reauthorization of federal highway and legislative research and analysis that Opportunity Act and concerns about and authorization for use of force, public transportation programs and is timely, objective, authoritative and unaccompanied alien children. CRS and religious freedom issues raised by proposed regulatory actions concerning confidential throughout all stages of experts answered questions regarding the contraceptive care requirement in the environment. the legislative process. treatment and domestic preparedness the Patient Protection and Affordable following the outbreak of Ebola in Care Act. Experts provided support FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES Completing its 100th year of service West Africa, as well as its economic as lawmakers addressed the budget, Developments in Iraq, Syria and in fiscal 2014, CRS continued to and political effects. CRS assisted federal debt and the deficit and briefed the emergence of the Islamic State provide substantive analytic support for with policy issues emanating from Members of Congress and their staffs generated myriad requests for domestic and foreign policy issues on the the Preventing Sex Trafficking and on tax reform. assessments of major challenges congressional agenda as well as forward- Strengthening Families Act affecting to U.S. global interests, as did the looking management initiatives to the child welfare system, foster care and Experts in the legislative process helped streamline existing service and develop situations in Iran and Libya, and adoption. CRS analysts examined and clarify understanding of complex new ways to improve efficiency. armed conflict in Gaza between Israel explained how changes to the Farm Bill congressional rules and practices, and the Palestinians. will affect the Supplemental Nutrition including Senate rule changes. Other DOMESTIC POLICY ISSUES Assistance Program and other experts explained executive orders Congress called on CRS to analyze CRS supported Congress as it programs, and how veterans will be and statutory requirements governing and interpret the potential impact of considered key domestic issues, such as affected by the Veterans Access, Choice the current rulemaking process. CRS rapidly evolving situations in Russia and the minimum wage, federally funded and Accountability Act of 2014. assisted with questions on the merits China and the need for strengthened U.S. alliances in Asia. Experts analyzed funding levels for foreign affairs and defense in both the fiscal 2014 budget and the fiscal 2015 budget request and appropriations activity. Books in the Library’s Congressional Loan Program office reflect lawmakers’ interest in politics and policy. Photo by Abby Brack Lewis Analysts assessed the potential effect of reduced spending on U.S. defense policy, spending priorities and overseas briefing document; and Insights, which including replacement of THOMAS military operations, especially in the enables short, quick responses to fast- and LIS with a single system. The Middle East. CRS also monitored moving issues. CRS also moved forward CRS role in this development included developments and economic with production of interactive maps and data analysis, subject expertise, testing, implications in international free infographics to complement its products. consultation and coordination of data trade agreements under negotiation, partner relationships. Other initiatives including the Trans-Pacific Partnership. Besides improving its mobile-friendly improved the CRS work experiences: Management Initiatives website by adopting a new, vertical release of Microsoft Lync to enhance The year saw the launch of two layout with more space for content, CRS staff ability to collaborate and CRS participated in the development share information, and the hire of Congressional Research Service staff members assemble at the Capitol Reflecting Pool to mark the organization’s centennial. succinct, analytical, web-only products Photo by James Edward Ivey to bring added flexibility to the CRS of Congress.gov, part of Project ONE, research assistants to support the product line: In Focus, a two-page a multi-year Library-wide strategy analytical workforce.

50 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 51 U.S. COPYRIGHT OFFICE

The U.S. Copyright Office administers third edition of the Compendium of The Register also continued the Throughout the year, the Copyright certain major provisions of the United U.S. Copyright Office Practices. The new public processes regarding bringing Office assisted the U.S. Department States copyright law and provides expert edition is the first revision in decades the Copyright Office’s document of Justice in several important cases. and impartial advice about copyright of the publication, which serves as recordation function online. Lawyers In American Broadcasting Companies, Inc. law and policy to Congress, federal the office’s administrative manual for the office invited comments and v. Aereo, Inc., the Copyright Office and agencies, the courts and the public. regarding its core statutory duties held public meetings in California and the Justice Department filed a brief under the Copyright Act. The office New York in fiscal 2014. A major goal with the U.S. Supreme Court on Under the direction of Register of also continued to seek and evaluate of the project is to provide for online behalf of the U.S. government. The Copyrights Maria A. Pallante, the recommendations from stakeholders filing and processing of documents case arose from lawsuits challenging Copyright Office achieved important and technical experts in a major project submitted for public recordation, such Aereo, an Internet service that milestones in multi-year special projects to upgrade its technological capabilities as assignments and transfers, licenses, and initiatives first announced in 2011. to reflect the realities of the digital terminations of grants and other retransmits broadcast television to In August 2014, the office released environment and 21st-century records reflecting copyright ownership. private customers without obtaining a public draft on its website of the business expectations. This work produced a major report program owners’ authorization or spearheaded by the Kaminstein paying royalties. In June, the Supreme Scholar in Residence. Stanford Law Court rejected the argument of Aereo School, the Copyright Office’s first in a 6-to-3 decision. The Copyright academic research partner, also greatly Office was also closely involved in contributed to the effort. another case before the Supreme Court, Petrella v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, In May 2014, the Copyright Office Inc., involving equitable defenses to implemented an updated fee schedule, alleged copyright infringement that following a two-year study and occurred long ago. opportunities for public comment.

The Copyright Office completed Internationally, the Register of Copyrights and other senior members digitizing its 36 million catalog cards, Register of Copyrights Maria Pallante testifies before the Subcommittee on Courts, including historical copyright records of the Copyright Office staff worked Intellectual Property and the Internet of the House Committee on the Judiciary. created between 1870 and 1977. The with executive branch agencies on Photo by Cecilia Rogers office is now exploring how best to copyright law and policy affecting make the newly digitized card images other countries and participated At the end of fiscal 2014, the searchable online. in international conferences and Copyright Office initiated the sixth negotiations. These included matters triennial rulemaking proceeding under In fiscal 2014, the Copyright Office related to the proposed Trans-Pacific registered more than 476,000 copyright section 1201 of the copyright law. Partnership Agreement, the Trans- claims, of which 89 percent were Section 1201 provides that, upon the Atlantic Trade and Investment filed online, and recorded thousands recommendation of the Register of Partnership and the World Intellectual of copyright transfer documents. Copyrights, the Librarian of Congress Property Organization (WIPO). In Additionally, the office processed may designate certain classes of May 2014, the Copyright Office co- hundreds of notices terminating works as exempt from the prohibition sponsored a weeklong symposium on transfers of copyrights made in the against circumvention of technological collective rights management with 1970s, most of which pertained to measures that control access to WIPO that brought together officials The U.S. Copyright Office hosts World Intellectual Property Day with a program musical works. copyrighted works. on “Movies: A Global Passion.” Photo by Amanda Reynolds from 16 countries and included speakers from nearly a dozen organizations. WEB  copyright.gov

52 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 53 OFFICE OF THE LIBRARIAN

The Office of the Librarian provides valued at $83 million during fiscal 2014. publicized on the Library’s website leadership to the Library, including Federal customers also placed $76 and through social media platforms congressional relations, financial and million in direct express orders against including Facebook, Twitter and legal services, fundraising, contracting, the FEDLINK contracts, bringing the blogs. These activities garnered communications and event planning. total to $159 million. significant media attention. (See It performs these functions through Appendix E, The Library in the its offices of Congressional Relations; During fiscal 2014, the Library’s News.) The Library’s weekly in-house development efforts raised a total the Chief Financial Officer; the newsletter, The Gazette, kept staff of $9.52 million, representing 880 General Counsel; Development; members informed about Library- gifts from 614 donors. Those gifts, Contracts and Grants Management; wide developments. The bimonthly including $4.93 million in cash gifts, Communications; and Special Events/ Library of Congress Magazine promoted $2.59 million in new pledges, $474,500 Public Programs. use of the Library’s resources and in in-kind gifts and $1,524,874 received services both onsite and online. In fiscal 2014, the Office of the through planned gifts, were made to Librarian coordinated the review 75 Library initiatives. Gifts from the WEB  loc.gov/about/ James Madison Council—the Library’s of matters pertaining to the Library WEB  loc.gov/lcm/ — Web Governance Board (WGB). G. Lincoln McCurdy of the Turkish Coalition of America (center) accepts the International private-sector advisory group totaled more than $1.75 million. The Library The WGB oversaw the continued Prize on behalf of The Mother and Child Education Foundation from Librarian of Congress The July/August 2014 issue of the James Billington (right) and Library benefactor David Rubenstein. forged partnerships with 226 first-time Library of Congress Magazine (LCM) work on Project ONE, including the Photo by Adriel Bettelheim donors, who gave a total of $3,903,888. launch of Congress.gov and continued Private gifts supported a variety of new improvements to loc.gov. Congress. and continuing initiatives throughout gov added data for nominations, the World Digital Library website the Library in negotiations, disputes the Library, including exhibitions, appropriations and committees as well (see page 29). and litigation. acquisitions, scholarly programs and as features for advanced searching, the 2014 Library of Congress National notification alerting and account The Governing Documents Working During the year, the Library Book Festival. personalization. Loc.gov introduced Group continued migrating existing completed 1,900 contracting actions policies, regulations and directives valued at $180 million to support improvements in global and page- Madison Council member and co- level navigation and presented more into a framework established in fiscal Library programs, initiatives, chair of the National Book Festival collections through the main search 2012. Once complete, the governing technology infrastructure, facility Board David M. Rubenstein, Wells index and in a new display format. documents framework will include a projects and collections management. Fargo, the Institute of Museum and single Library of Congress Manual, Grants totaling $5.3 million were Library Services and additional The Office of the Librarian continued supplemental Library of Congress awarded to 29 universities and donors gave nearly $1.9 million to to lead the Library-wide effort to update Handbooks and Library of Congress other educational institutions for support the 2014 National Book and implement the organization’s Technical Guidance. the Teaching with Primary Sources Festival. Led by a key gift from the Strategic Plan (2011–2016) and the program. The Library also awarded Federalist Society for Law and Public The Office of the General Counsel related Planning and Budgeting Frame- 47 fellowships totaling $1.3 million. Policy Studies, the Library received provided legal counsel to Library work. In fiscal 2014, the Librarian of more than $360,000 to support Congress continued development of a management regarding Library The Contracts Office worked with the Magna Carta: Muse and Mentor Futures Program to chart a course for initiatives, collections and operations; FEDLINK, an organizational unit exhibition, which opens at the Library the institution and to lay the foundation reviewed Library contracts and in Library Services, to maximize the in November 2014. for a new Strategic Plan. agreements; served as the Library’s buying power of federal agencies. ethics and privacy experts; supported Approximately 500 federal offices The Library coordinated more The Office of the Librarian also has the Library’s legislative and transferred funds to FEDLINK and than 340 public and private events. oversight for guiding such initiatives as regulatory activities; and represented jointly contracted for goods and services Library events and initiatives were

54 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 55 LAW LIBRARY

The Law Library provides Congress related to many pressing U.S. legislative The Global Legal Monitor, a continually with comprehensive research on foreign issues, including regulation of virtual updated online publication covering and comparative law and reference currencies; marriage definition under legal news and developments worldwide, services on U.S. legal and legislative laws of foreign countries; granting received 250,643 page views for the information. It maintains extensive and asylum for children from other year. The Guide to Law Online, an unparalleled collections in U.S., foreign countries; methods used by foreign annotated portal of Internet sources of and international law to serve the many governments to avoid frivolous interest to legal researchers, had 685,827 needs of Congress. The Law Library lawsuits; financing of highway and page views. Both resources are accessible also serves U.S. federal courts and infrastructure construction; privacy on the Law Library’s website. executive-branch agencies, and offers protection in the European Union; and The Law Library focused on reference services to the public. military procurement practices. Many developing the Magna Carta: Muse of these reports are available to the In fiscal 2014, the Law Library & Mentor exhibition, scheduled to public on the Law Library’s website. prepared 364 legal research reports, open in November 2014. Many Law Library staff members along with their special studies and memoranda in In addition to serving Congress, the response to inquiries from Congress. colleagues throughout the Library of Law Library prepared 992 research Congress have been involved in this Foreign law specialists provided or reference reports to executive- and complex endeavor to display the 1215 Members of Congress with reports judicial-branch agencies, the U.S. bar, Lincoln Cathedral Magna Carta to and members of the public both in the mark the 800th anniversary of the United States and abroad. great charter of rights and liberties. To Jeffrey Rosen delivers the Law Day lecture on promote public awareness of Magna “American Democracy and the Rule of Law.” Photo by Amanda Reynolds The Law Library answered Carta and its influence, the Law Library approximately 4,086 congressional launched the Magna Carta Lecture inquiries and served 35,072 patrons Series in partnership with the American collections and staff and creating in its reading room, on the phone Bar Association (ABA) Standing a temporary reading room in the or electronically. Its Public Services Committee on the Law Library of Madison Building. The redesigned Division answered a total of 2,827 Congress. The ABA also partnered second-floor reading room is scheduled inquiries through Ask a Librarian, the with the Law Library to produce a to reopen by the summer of 2015. Library’s virtual reference service. traveling Magna Carta exhibition, which featured facsimiles of some of the WEB  law.gov The Law Library continued to expand main exhibition’s items. The traveling WEB  blogs.loc.gov/law/ its use of social networking. Twitter exhibition debuted in August 2014 at followers increased to 41,669, and a the ABA’s annual meeting in Boston. second Twitter account, for users of the The Law Library also marked Human legislative information system known Rights Day, Constitution Day, Women’s as Congress.gov, numbered 18,778 History Month and Law Day with followers. The Law Library had 20,629 public programs. Facebook friends and continued to offer After nearly three years of planning, RSS feeds and e-mail alerts in order to staff prepared for the temporary notify subscribers about the availability closing of the Law Library reading of selected resources. The Law Library’s Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen delivers the Law Library’s Frederic and room ahead of its planned renovation. Molly Kellogg Biennial Lecture on Jurisprudence. Photo by Shealah Craighead blog, In Custodia Legis, published 217 The project required moving posts and recorded 295,352 page views.

56 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 57 LIBRARY SERVICES

BIBFRAME, a replacement for MARC and at National Archives and Records deterioration. In addition, the 21, as a cataloging metadata standard. Administration records storage site in Preservation Directorate sought to Valmeyer, Illinois. The Packard Campus better understand and reduce risks The Acquisitions and Bibliographic for Audio-Visual Conservation manages to the Library’s collections through Access Directorate continued to collection storage in Culpeper, Virginia. preservation research that explored acquire materials for all collections held those factors that pose risks to the by the Library Services service unit The Partnerships and Outreach collections and tested possible ways of and the Law Library of Congress; to Programs Directorate presents the mitigating or eliminating those risks. catalog print and digital resources in all Library’s collections to new and During the year, the Preservation languages; to train Library of Congress broader audiences, contributes to Directorate housed, stabilized, bound, staff and colleagues in the library scholarship and research through onsite mass-deacidified or reformatted community; and to lead a wide range activities and provides an educational more than 7 million items in diverse of cooperative programs in cataloging and entertaining visitor experience. formats. The Packard Campus and and acquisitions. Visitors learn about the Library’s work the Overseas Offices contributed to and collections through exhibitions, this accomplishment. Major activities of the Collections publications, tours, retail services and Services Directorate during the and public programs that present the The Technology Policy Directorate past year included developing the Library’s rich resources in engaging comprises the Automation Planning Library’s collections in all languages, ways. Scholars and researchers make and Liaison Office (APLO), the subject areas and formats; organizing fuller use of the Library’s collections Integrated Library System Program and managing the secure storage of through fellowships and research Office (ILSPO) and the Network more than 160 million items in the programs in the John W. Kluge Development and MARC Standards Library’s collections; providing access Center. The directorate also supports Office (NDMSO). In fiscal 2014, to requested collection items and the Library’s goal of providing APLO continued to provide technical providing onsite, as well as offsite, support for Library Services, including Donor Tom Liljenquist holds an original American Civil War tintype, part of a larger leadership and services to the library collection he donated to the Library. Photo by Shealah Craighead reference/information services through and information community. The the more than 250 staff members 17 research centers and collection programs of the Center for the Book, who telework or otherwise work at access points on Capitol Hill and the National Library Service for the remote locations. ILSPO successfully Library Services performs the Veterans History Project) also report via the Internet; and coordinating Blind and Physically Handicapped and managed the upgrade of all Voyager traditional functions of a national to Library Services. collections-based digitization projects to the Federal Library and Information databases and servers with minimal library: acquisitions, cataloging, increase public access to high-research- Network reach targeted constituencies disruption to users. During the year, reference services and preservation for Library Services’ major milestones value Library materials. Nearly 5 through partnerships with other all Library Services telework laptops the traditional and digital collections. of 2014—discussed elsewhere in this million digital files were created from libraries and information services were upgraded to the Windows 7 report—included establishment of a items housed in the Collections and organizations around the country. operating system. NDMSO continued The 45 offices that make up Library to represent the Library’s interest Collections Development Office and Services custodial divisions. Services are organized within five The Preservation Directorate in organizations responsible for plans to establish a digital collections directorates: Acquisitions and As part of the Library’s space continued to assess and treat the standards, formal and de facto. management program; completion Bibliographic Access; Collections management program, the Collections Library’s unparalleled collections These included the principal national of a project to develop a workflow and Services; Partnerships and Access, Loan and Management Division using technologies, practices and and international standards bodies: Outreach Programs; Preservation; for bringing e-books into the Library manages collections storage on the procedures that are known to reduce the American National Standards and Technology Policy. The and securing them in the institution’s Library’s Capitol Hill campus, at the risks to these resources, and to assist Institute and its affiliate, the National Packard Campus for Audio-Visual digital repository; and leading the state-of-the-art high density storage in building and monitoring storage Information Standards Organization, Ismail Soliman of the Library’s Cairo office Conservation and the American bibliographic framework initiative, modules at Fort Meade, Maryland, and display environments that and the International Organization searches for library materials in a bookshop in Mauritania. Overseas Operations Division Folklife Center (including the which aims to develop and implement at the annex in Landover, Maryland, protect collections from accelerated for Standardization.

58 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 59 OFFICE OF STRATEGIC INITIATIVES

supports major Library initiatives Archiving Team managed 29 web changes and requirements. The The ITS Multimedia Team’s Video such as the World Digital Library, the archive collections containing more than Library’s current IT infrastructure Production Section produced nearly National Digital Newspaper Program 9.2 billion files or 582 terabytes of data. includes five data centers in four 400 programs for streaming from and the National Book Festival. building locations. These facilities the Library’s website and YouTube NDIIPP also disseminated information support more than 650 physical servers, channel. The ITS Digital Scan about digital stewardship to a wide 540 virtual servers, 250 enterprise Section produced 120,000 high- NATIONAL DIGITAL audience through social media channels, INFORMATION systems and applications, 8 petabytes quality digital images for use by many newsletters, podcasts, videos and its divisions within the Library. The INFRASTRUCTURE AND of disk storage and 15 petabytes of popular blog, The Signal. The Digital ITS End User Computing Group PRESERVATION PROGRAM backup and archive data on tape. The Preservation Outreach and Education upgraded all Library workstations The National Digital Information Library’s IT infrastructure includes a Program continued to foster education and laptops from Windows XP Infrastructure and Preservation and training about digital preservation wide-area network, a metropolitan- Program (NDIIPP) was mandated to Windows 7. The Technical on a national scale through a network of area network and local-area networks by Congress in 2000 to develop a and Facilities Services Group dedicated trainers. that consist of 350 network devices. nationwide strategy to collect and upgraded 750 mobile devices from ITS supports more than 8,600 BlackBerry handhelds to iPhones. preserve high-risk digital materials of WEB  digitalpreservation.gov The first class of the National Digital Steward Residency program are (from left) voice connections, 14,700 network high value to the American people and The Technology Assessment Group Emily Reynolds, Maureen Harlow, Julia Blase, Lee Nilsson, Erica Titkemeyer, connections and 5,300 workstations. continued to support users with Lauren Work, Jaime McCurry and Margo Padilla. Photo by Amanda Reynolds the nation’s lawmakers. INFORMATION During the year, the ITS Help Desk disabilities in compliance with NDIIPP works with a network TECHNOLOGY SERVICES resolved more than 23,000 trouble Section 508 of the Americans with The Office of Strategic Initiatives (OSI) presentations and improve the delivery of national and international Information Technology Services (ITS) reports from end users. Disabilities Act. directs the Library’s digital strategic of hundreds of thousands of digital collaboratives, including the National supports the technology needs of the planning effort, integrates the delivery items, including audio, video, images, Digital Stewardship Alliance (NDSA), Library of Congress and its external of information technology services maps and manuscripts. Web Services a membership organization. In customers and maintains a reliable, and oversees the Library’s national also continued to manage the technical September 2014, the NDSA released secure and high-performance data programs for digital preservation and and policy aspects of the Library’s use the 2015 National Agenda for Digital communications and information educational outreach. of social networking sites (see page 30). Stewardship, a set of recommendations processing infrastructure. that provide insight into emerging During the year, OSI’s Web Services OSI continued to add high-quality technological trends, gaps in capacity In collaboration with the Office of division provided operational support digital content to the Library’s website and key opportunities for results in Security and Emergency Preparedness, for the Library website and led the through internal scanning operations, digital stewardship research ITS works to ensure continuity of implementation of the Library’s web contracted services and collaborations and development. operations in the event of a pandemic strategy. A highlight of the year was the with outside partners. In fiscal 2014, or other emergency, including upgrades completion of the beta testing phase of 7.1 million new digital files were added, In fiscal 2014, the Library’s Web to the Alternate Computing Facility Congress.gov, a modernized legislative bringing the total to 52.3 million, Archiving Team continued to provide and remote access. ITS also supports a information system for Congress and including files from the National Digital project management and technical variety of Library-wide operations and the public. At fiscal year’s end, the Newspaper Program. support for a growing number of Web IT initiatives. beta phase concluded and the site Archive collections for Library Services was announced as the official source Through its Educational Outreach and the Law Library, and continued Throughout the year, ITS ensured for legislative information (see page Office, OSI continued to educate to develop tools and strengthen the the Library’s information technology

19). The Web Services team worked students and teachers about the use infrastructure for the long-term storage infrastructure and the services it Science educators analyze maps as part of the Library of Congress Teaching with content owners throughout the of digitized primary sources in the and preservation of web archive provides continued to adapt to new with Primary Sources summer institute. Photo by Amanda Reynolds Library to upgrade dozens of online classroom (see page 40). OSI also content. During the year, the Web technology and respond to other

60 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 61 OFFICE OF OFFICE OF THE SUPPORT OPERATIONS INSPECTOR GENERAL

The Office of Support Operations The Office of Security and Emergency strategic goals. In fiscal 2014, the The Office of the Inspector General the Library’s practices with regard Service Unit provides oversight Preparedness focused on strengthening Planning Board focused on performance (OIG), an independent office within to certification and accreditation of and direction to four diverse, collections security, personnel security management at all levels, strategic the Library of Congress, advises the its information systems. On both of interdependent infrastructure and protective services. The office succession management, leadership Librarian and the Congress on economy, these audits, CLA identified internal programs that support the Library’s conducted Site Assistance Visits and development, revision of the Multi-Year efficiency and effectiveness of Library control and operating issues and made mission and strategic objectives: the implemented needed access control Affirmative Employment Program Plan programs and operations. The OIG also recommendations accordingly. Office of Security and Emergency to protect the Library’s highest-level and workforce flexibilities, including conducts audits and investigations to Preparedness; Human Resources collections and financial assets. The phased retirement and telework policies. detect and prevent fraud, waste, abuse During the year, the OIG Services; the Office of Opportunity, office promoted security awareness and mismanagement. monitored the status of all of its Inclusiveness and Compliance; and and provided training to key Library The Office of Opportunity, unimplemented recommendations Integrated Support Services. staff members responsible for planning Inclusiveness and Compliance During fiscal 2014, the OIG issued from prior periods and determined and execution to enhance service unit supported the Library’s commitment to seven audits that addressed important that the Library implemented 26 OIG During fiscal 2014, the programs understanding of how mission-essential principles of fairness and inclusion by aspects of Library programs and recommendations to improve the composing the Office of Support functions will be performed during a increasing awareness and competency operations. These included the economy, efficiency and effectiveness of Operations delivered comprehensive Continuity of Operations Plan situation. through service unit engagement, effectiveness of building security at the its programs and operations. services, managed institutional educational forums, workforce training Library’s Landover Center Annex. The OIG also issued an alert to Library In fiscal 2014, OIG opened 45 programs and oversaw regulatory Human Resources Services continued and assistive technology demonstrations. managers and contracting officer investigations and closed 44 compliance in the areas of human to direct and guide the Human In fiscal 2014, the office developed capital, administration, facilities, asset Capital Planning Board, an agency- representatives about best practices in investigations. Of these, six cases were and delivered workplace diversity The OIG also participated in CIGIE’s management and protection, personnel wide committee composed of senior contract administration to deter fraud, significant and 11 constituted assistance training to supervisors and managers Audit and Investigations Committees. security, emergency preparedness, managers from each service unit, and a memorandum regarding high- to other law enforcement agencies and established a Diversity Working safety and health services. During the designated by and reporting to the risk labor-hour contracts. such as the U.S. Capitol Police, the Group to reassess the Multi-Year To comply with its statutory reporting year, the office also focused its attention Library’s Executive Committee. The U.S. Marshals Service and the Federal requirements, the OIG issued Affirmative Employment Program Under OIG oversight, the accounting on annual planning and increasing Planning Board leads the Library’s Bureau of Investigation. semiannual reports to the Congress Plan, originally issued in 2010. The firm of CliftonLarsonAllen LLP (CLA) information technology support and efforts to improve its workforce and summarizing its activities for the working group completed its assessment performed several Library audits. The OIG referred four cases to Library resources to achieve its mission. ensure alignment with the agency’s periods ending March 31 and Sept. 30, and began drafting a plan to sustain a These included the audits of the management for administrative action. 2014. These reports, along with audit diverse workforce, promote awareness Library’s fiscal year 2013 consolidated The OIG also received 48 allegations reports, OIG testimony and Strategic and inclusiveness in the workplace financial statements and the 2013 of abuse through its confidential hotline. Plan are available on the OIG website. and highlight the diversity in Library financial statements of the Open collections and programs. World Leadership Center, a separate Other activities included commenting WEB  loc.gov/about/oig/ legislative-branch agency housed at on new or revised Library of Congress Integrated Support Services continued the Library of Congress. For the 18th Regulations, upgrading the OIG its multi-year implementation of consecutive year, the Library received Investigations’ hotline web page, the Facility Asset Management an unmodified opinion (formerly called participating with the Institute of Enterprise system. The investment an unqualified or “clean” opinion) on Internal Auditors in the development will achieve economy and efficiency its financial statements. Open World and presentation of a training through a common web-based service also received an unmodified opinion. program titled “When Audits Become portal in areas of facility operations, Under OIG supervision, CLA also Investigations” and overseeing the fiscal event planning, asset management, audited the Library’s Information year 2013 financial statements audit of Library of Congress employees attend a conversational American Sign Language instruction class. Photo by Amanda Reynolds accommodation, health and safety, Technology Services operations at the Council of the Inspectors General logistics and reservations. the Alternate Computing Facility and on Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE).

62 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS ORGANIZATIONAL REPORTS | 63 COPYRIGHT APPENDICES ROYALTY BOARD

The U.S. Capitol Dome interior Photo by Carol Highsmith The Copyright Royalty Board commenced two rate-determination They also published their notice of administers the royalty provisions of proceedings. The judges also published the commencement of proceedings the Copyright Act. The Copyright Act final rates and terms for three statutory to determine reasonable royalty rates requires artists, copyright owners and licenses and cost-of-living adjustments and terms for the digital performance recording and distribution companies for two established rates. of sound recordings and making of to license their works to broadcast ephemeral recordings by noninteractive During the year, the judges published media. The three Copyright Royalty webcasters (Web IV) and by new their final determination on remand Judges who comprise the board issue subscription services (NSS). In an of royalty rates and terms for digital determinations regarding royalty rates, attempt to enrich the record in Web performance of sound recordings and terms and distributions relating to these IV and NSS, the judges invited making of ephemeral recordings by participants to explore—and provide statutory licenses. noninteractive webcasters (Web III). evidence to support—alternative rate The determination was appealed to the In fiscal 2014, licensees remitted structure proposals. D.C. Circuit Court. approximately $318 million in royalties. The Librarian of Congress appointed The judges approved distributions of The judges also issued their final Judge Jesse M. Feder, who had been nearly $2.5 million from six different determination on second remand serving as interim Copyright Royalty royalty funds. The judges finalized of the minimum fee for digital Judge, to serve a full term as the body’s eight proceedings by stipulation or performance of sound recordings and copyright specialist. ad¬judication, published an agreed making of ephemeral recordings by partial distribution for comment and noncommercial webcasters (Web II). WEB  loc.gov/crb/

The Copyright Royalty Board holds a hearing. Photo by David W. Rice

64 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS 65 Irvin and Joan Levy David M. Rubenstein THE KLUGE CENTER APPENDIX A. Library of Congress Advisory Bodies Dallas, Texas Washington, D.C. SCHOLARS’ COUNCIL The Scholars’ Council is a body of Ira A. Lipman Lady Sainsbury of Turville JAMES MADISON COUNCIL Buffy Cafritz Misty Gruber distinguished international scholars, New York, New York London, England MEMBERSHIP Bethesda, Maryland Chicago, Illinois convened by the Librarian of H. F. (Gerry) Lenfest, Chair Lillian P. Lovelace Emilia A. Saint-Amand Congress to advise on matters related Norma Dana Barbara Guggenheim and West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania Santa Barbara, California New York, New York to the Kluge Center and the Kluge New York, New York Bertram H. Fields Prize. The following members of the John W. Kluge (deceased), Malibu, California Cary M. Maguire B. Francis Saul II Scholars’ Council were appointed Nancy M. Dedman Founding Chair Dallas, Texas Bethesda, Maryland by the Librarian of Congress, under Dallas, Texas Beverly L. Hamilton New York, New York a separate charter appended to the Avon, Connecticut Thomas (deceased), and Kay Martin Walter Scott, Jr. Kluge Center’s charter. James F. Dicke Edwin L. Cox, Chair Emeritus Leawood, Kansas Omaha, Nebraska New Bremen, Ohio Sally Harris Dallas, Texas Marie Arana Great Barrington, Massachusetts John J. Medveckis L. Dennis Shapiro Writer-at-large for The Washington Post Ronald and Beth Dozoretz Leonard L. Silverstein, Treasurer Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts Norfolk, Virginia Jeffrey B. Hawkins Washington, D.C. Manuel Castells Boston, Massachusetts Katy and Ken Menges Raja W. Sidawi Wallis Annenberg Chair in Consuelo Duroc-Danner James Earl and Cecilia Jones, Honorary Dallas, Texas New York, New York Communication Technology Houston, Texas John S. Hendricks Pawling, New York and Society at the Annenberg School Silver Spring, Maryland Edward S. Miller Albert H. Small of Communication Jeannine English David and Rosalee McCullough, Washington, D.C. Bethesda, Maryland University of Southern California, Washington, D.C. Roger Hertog Honorary Los Angeles New York, New York Lucile Swift Miller Frederick W. Smith Boston, Massachusetts Robert H. Enslow Richmond, Virginia Memphis, Tennessee António Rosa Damásio San Francisco, California Leo J. Hindery Jr. Robert P. Gwinn (deceased), Emeritus David Dornsife Professor of New York, New York Phillip and Cheryl Milstein Henry and Jane Smith Riverside, Illinois Marjorie M. Fisher Neuroscience at the University of New York, New York Dallas, Texas Bloomfield Hills, Michigan Glenn R. Jones Southern California, Los Angeles Julienne Krasnoff, Emeritus Centennial, Colorado Martha Hamilton Morris Raymond W. Smith Glen Cove, New York Marjorie S. Fisher Toyin Falola Villanova, Pennsylvania McLean, Virginia Palm Beach, Florida Jerral W. Jones Jacob and Frances Sanger Mossiker Ruth S. Altshuler Chair in the Humanities at the Dallas, Texas Nancy A. Nasher and Paul G. Stern Dallas, Texas J. Richard Fredericks University of Texas at Austin David J. Haemisegger Potomac, Maryland San Francisco, California James V. Kimsey John and Teresa Amend Dallas, Texas Philip W. Gold Washington, D.C. Roger A. Strauch Dallas, Texas Annette Friedland Chief of Neuroendocrine Research Donald E. Newhouse Berkeley, California Jupiter, Florida Jay I. Kislak National Institutes of Mental Health Norma K. Asnes New York, New York New York, New York Miami, Florida Michael Strunsky John K. Garvey Wm. Roger Louis Sarah and Ross Perot Jr. San Francisco, California Wichita, Kansas Nancy W. Knowles Kerr Chair of English History Roger and Julie Baskes Dallas, Texas and Culture at the University of Chicago, Illinois Hinsdale, Illinois Richard E. Thompson William and Inger Ginsberg Carol S. Price Washington, D.C. Texas, Austin New York, New York David H. Koch Geoffrey and Rene Boisi Indian Wells, California Margaret MacMillan New York, New York New York, New York George and Julie Tobolowsky Thomas V. Girardi Caren H. Prothro Dallas, Texas Warden of St. Antony’s College Los Angeles, California H. Fred Krimendahl II (deceased) Arturo and Hilda Brillembourg Dallas, Texas at the University of Oxford Washington, D.C. New York, New York Thomas and Penelope Watkins Nancy Glanville Jewell Audre N. Rapoport Newton Square, Pennsylvania Houston, Texas Susan Carmel Lehrman Richard H. Brown and Mary Jo Otsea Waco, Texas New York, New York Chevy Chase, Maryland

66 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX A. Library Of Congress Advisory Bodies | 67 Mark A. Noll Claudia Lux Phyllis Pickett Presidential Appointees Jane Chu Department of Film and Television Francis A. McAnaney Professor Project Director North Carolina General Assembly Susan Hildreth Chair of the School of Theater, Film of History at the University Qatar National Library Raleigh, North Carolina President National Endowment for the Arts and Television at the University of of Notre Dame Institute of Museum and Washington, D.C. California, Los Angeles Ex Officio Michelle Wu Library Services Member: Bob Rosen John Roger Searle James H. Billington Georgetown University Law Center Washington, D.C. William D. Adams Alternate: Jan-Christopher Horak Willis S. and Marion Slusser Librarian of Congress Washington, D.C. Chair Professor of the Philosophy of Librarian’s Appointees National Endowment for the Department of Film and Television Mind and Language at the Janis Karklins Law Library of Congress Staff Maribel Alvarez Humanities of the Tisch School of the Arts at University of California at Berkeley Assistant Director-General for David S. Mao Professor of English Washington, D.C. New York University Communication and Information Law Librarian of Congress University of Arizona Member: Antonia Lant William Julius Wilson UNESCO Tucson, Arizona Betsy Peterson Alternate: Dan Streible Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser Robert Newlen Director University Professor Assistant Law Librarian for Bob Edwards American Folklife Center Directors Guild of America AMERICAN BAR at Harvard University Legislative and External Relations Sirius XM Radio Library of Congress Member: Martin Scorsese ASSOCIATION STANDING Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. Emerita Alternate: Curtis Hanson COMMITTEE ON THE LAW John Witte Jr. Don Simon Judith McCulloh LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Director of the Center for the Assistant Law Librarian for Thomas S. Rankin Urbana, Illinois (deceased) Motion Picture Association of America Study of Law and Religion M. Elizabeth Medaglia, Chair Administrative Operations Executive Director Member: Chris Dodd at Emory University U.S. Department of Labor Center for Documentary Studies Alternate: Anna Soellner American Bar Association Staff Washington, D.C. Duke University NATIONAL FILM Gordon S. Wood Amy Horton-Newell Durham, North Carolina PRESERVATION BOARD National Association of Theater Owners Director Alva O. Way University Professor Tedson J. Meyers, Special Adviser Academy of Motion Picture Arts Member: Ted Pedas and Professor of History Emeritus Fairhope, Alabama Donald Scott Alternate: Patrick Corcoran Ken Goldsmith and Sciences at Brown University Brigadier General, U.S. Army (ret.) Legislative Counsel Member: Sid Ganis Blake Tartt, Special Adviser (deceased) Former Deputy Librarian Alternate: Martha Coolidge National Society of Film Critics Pauline Yu Beirne Maynard & Parsons LLP of Congress Member: David Kehr President of the American Council Houston, Texas AMERICAN FOLKLIFE Henderson, Nevada Alliance of Motion Picture and Alternate: David Sterritt of Learned Societies CENTER BOARD Television Producers Screen Actors Guild Nicholas Allard OF TRUSTEES Ex Officio Member: Carol Lombardini Brooklyn Law School James H. Billington Alternate: Tracy Cahill Member: Richard Masur WORLD DIGITAL LIBRARY Brooklyn, New York Congressional Appointees Librarian of Congress Alternate: Valerie Yaros EXECUTIVE COUNCIL C. Kurt Dewhurst, Chair Washington, D.C. American Film Institute Director Ismail Serageldin, Chair David A. Brennen Member: John Ptak Society for Cinema and Media Studies Michigan State University Museum Director University of Kentucky College Beverly Diamond Alternate: Cecilia DeMille Presley Member: Matthew Bernstein Bibliotheca Alexandrina of Law East Lansing, Michigan Society for Ethnomusicology Alternate: Jennifer Horne Lexington, Kentucky Washington, D.C. American Society of Patricia Atkinson Barbara Schneider-Kempf Cinematographers and International Society of Composers and Lyricists Folklife Program Coordinator General Director Lillian Gaskin G. Wayne Clough Photographers Guild Member: Alan Bergman Nevada Arts Council Berlin State Library The Federal Administrative Law Secretary Member: Caleb Deschanel Alternate: Ray Colcord Carson City, Nevada Judges Conference Smithsonian Institution Alternate: John Bailey Mônica Rizzo Soares Pinto Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. United States Members of the Jean M. Dorton Brazilian National Library Association of Moving Image International Federation of Film Paintsville, Kentucky Foundation Allen C. Goolsby Michael Ann Williams Archivists Archives Hunton & Williams LLP President Member: Susan Oxtoby Joanna Hess Member: Tom Regal Wei Dawei Richmond, Virginia American Folklore Society Alternate: Wendy Shay Alternate: Rajendra Roy Deputy Director Santa Fe, New Mexico Bloomington, Indiana National Library of China Katrina Miller University Film and Video Association Florida State University College Margaret Z. Robson Member: Ben Levin of Law Research Center Santa Fe, New Mexico (deceased) Alternate: Simon Tarr Tallahassee, Florida

68 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX A. Library Of Congress Advisory Bodies | 69 Writers Guild of America Eric Schwartz Association for Recorded Sound Society for Ethnomusicology NATIONAL RECORDING John L. Simson East Member: Richard Wesley Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP Collections Member: Jon Kertzer PRESERVATION Former Executive Director, West Alternate: Howard Rodman Member: David Seubert Alternate: Alan Burdette FOUNDATION BOARD SoundExchange At-large Martin Scorsese Alternate: Bill Klinger Charter Members Member: Grover Crisp Filmmaker and President Songwriters Hall of Fame Jack White T Bone Burnett Alternate: Roger Mayer The Film Foundation Audio Engineering Society Member: Linda Moran Musician, Producer Musician and Producer Member: George Massenburg Alternate: Robbin Ahrold Member: Hanay Geigamah Paula Wagner Alternate: Elizabeth Cohen Davia Nelson Bruce Lundvall Alternate: Schawn Belston Film Producer At-large Producer and member President and CEO of Chestnut Ridge Productions Broadcast Music, Incorporated Member: Michael Feinstein of The Kitchen Sisters Blue Note Label Group Member: Alfre Woodard Member: Michael O’Neill Alternate: Sam Brylawski Alternate: Caroline Frick Alfre Woodard Alternate: Charles Feldman Ex Officio George Massenburg Actress, Producer Member: Sandy Pearlman James H. Billington Producer, Engineer and Designer Member: Bruce Goldstein Country Music Foundation Alternate: Christopher Sterling Librarian of Congress Alternate: Charles Ramirez Berg Ex Officio Member: Kyle Young Rickey Minor James H. Billington Alternate: Alan Stoker Member: Brenda Nelson-Strauss Foundation Staff Bandleader Member: Leonard Maltin Librarian of Congress Alternate: William Ivey Gerald Seligman Alternate: Jacqueline Stewart Digital Media Association Executive Director Jonathan Poneman Foundation Staff Member: Lee Knife Member: Bob Santelli Music Executive and Co-founder Pro Bono Counsel Jeff Lambert Alternate: Gregory Alan Barnes Alternate: vacant Kenneth Silverman of Sub Pop Records Eric Schwartz Director Office Counsel Mitchell Silberberg & Knupp LLP Music Library Association Member: Eric Schwartz Bob Santelli Rebecca Payne Collins Member: James Farrington Alternate: John L. Simson Executive Director, Office Manager Alternate: Philip Vandermeer NATIONAL FILM Grammy Museum PRESERVATION David Wells National Academy of Recording Arts FOUNDATION BOARD Programs Manager and Sciences Roger Mayer, Board Chair and President Member: Kristen Madsen Ihsan Amanatullah Alternate: Maureen Droney Cecilia DeMille Presley, Vice Chair Programs Assistant Trustee, Cecil B. DeMille Foundation National Archives and NATIONAL RECORDING Records Administration Julia Argyros PRESERVATION BOARD Member: Daniel Rooney Alternate: Tom Nastick Hawk Koch American Federation of Musicians Film Producer Member: Billy Linneman National Association of Alternate: vacant Recording Merchandisers Leonard Maltin Member: Rachelle Friedman Film Critic/Historian American Folklore Society Alternate: Jim Donio Member: Burt Feintuch Scott M. Martin Alternate: Timothy Lloyd Recording Industry Association Executive Vice President of America American Musicological Society Member: David Hughes Intellectual Property Member: Mark Katz Alternate: Patrick Kraus Paramount Pictures Alternate: José Antonio Bowen SESAC John Ptak American Society of Composers, Member: Shannan Hatch Arsenal Agency Authors and Publishers Alternate: Justin Levenson Member: Loretta Munoz Robert G. Rehme Alternate: vacant President Rehme Productions

70 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX A. Library Of Congress Advisory Bodies | 71 vaquero drawings from the 1840s, and included film material to be held by from Ben Shneiderman and Helen APPENDIX B. Selected Acquisitions Dia de Muertos en Edo. the division. The division also received Sarid of more than 100 photographs the personal papers of guitarist and by the photojournalist CHIM To display in its Civil Rights Act of The European Division purchased a The Law Library acquired Memoriale inventor Les Paul and sports broadcaster (David Seymour), showing aspects 1964 exhibition, the Library received, complete run of the cartoon posters Codicis Iustinianei, authenticarum seu Al Wester. The division purchased of the Spanish Civil War and life in on deposit by the Howard Buffett published in the Dutch weekly novellarum et Consuetudinum Feudorum, the home movies and scrapbooks of Mexico after the war. The division Foundation, the letters, papers and magazine De Nieuwe Amsterdammer, quo istorum Librorum tituli omnes ac singuli comedian Stan Laurel. Included in the purchased 104 eyewitness drawings photographs of civil rights activist from Jan. 2, 1915 (no. 1) to Dec. 28, itemque Leges a J. Gothofredo collectæ, scrapbooks were rare photographs and a of the American Civil War created Rosa Parks. 1918 (no. 209), greatly enhancing the emblematibus & imaginibus ita efficta handwritten note from Charlie Chaplin by Adolph Metzner (1834–1917). Library’s visual collections relating to exhibentur, ut una cum Titulorum materiis to Laurel dated 1912, the year before The division also purchased an The African and Middle Eastern World War I. eorumquoque Numeri memoriam facile accipi, Chaplin entered movies. The division album of very early Philadelphia Division received the gift of six reels probe teneri ac prompte et fine cunctatione acquired 141 reels of nitrate films, photographs showing the beginnings of Armenian manuscripts from The Geography and Map Division reddi quean ad minuendos in studios juris including Force of Evil (1948) starring of photography in the United States. Michael Stone, professor emeritus of purchased an 18th-century labores, by Johannes Buno (Hamburg; John Garfield; The Picturesque Pyrenees, comparative religion and Armenian pictographic manuscript map in a 1674). This acquisition consists of 14 a Pathe Color travelogue from 1910; The U.S./Anglo Division purchased studies at Hebrew University of Comanche hand. This important large, spectacular woodcut mnemonics Unseen Forces (1920) directed by Sidney at auction a manuscript draft for an Jerusalem; Indian Jewish Women: Stories advertisement to be published in the historical artifact is perhaps the only teaching plates on vellum for students Franklin; and a 1924 Kinograms Newsreel from the Bene Israel Life, a gift from Edna Virginia Gazette, April 20, 1775, for two known contemporaneous map drawn of Roman law. It is a rare first edition featuring the best surviving footage of and Sam Daniels; and 42 Arabic runaway servants, signed “George by a Native American hand depicting of this eminent work on the art of the Washington Senators winning the language monographs, a gift from Washington.” The manuscript will be a military battle. The division also memory and its use in jurisprudence. World Series. Ismail Serageldin, director of the acquired 161 maps of pre-Israel held in the Serial and Government Bibliotheca Alexandrina, Egypt, and Publications Division. Palestine and Israel dating from 1933- The Manuscript Division received The Music Division acquired the chair of the World Digital Library 2001, chiefly pre-1950, received on donations of the papers of former personal collection of the jazz musician Executive Council. exchange from the University of Haifa. Federal Reserve Chair Alan Greenspan Max Roach (1924–2007), containing and former Secretary of State more than 100,000 items including The Asian Division purchased a The Hispanic Division purchased, Madeleine Albright. correspondence, audiovisual recordings reproduction of an encyclopedia for custody in the Geography and and musical scores. The division also compiled during the Ming dynasty Map Division, 10 manuscript maps The Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and received the gift of Henry Mancini’s from 1403-1408—the world’s largest made by Augustin Codazzi shortly Recorded Sound Division received the personal papers from the composer's known general encyclopedia at after Venezuela’s independence donation of The HistoryMakers Digital family. The division purchased at its time. The division acquired on Archive, consisting of 2,600 videotaped in the 1830s, which led to the first auction documents relating to George exchange from the National Library interviews with African Americans, printed atlas of Venezuela. The and Ira Gershwin, including a signed of China a 22-volume compilation totaling 9,000 hours of content on Hispanic Division and the Prints musical sketch for George Gershwin’s of historical documents about the 14,000 analog tapes, 3,000 DVDs, and Photographs Division jointly Second Rhapsody. first Military Academy established 6,000 born-digital files, 70,000 paper purchased 1,500 born-digital during the Chinese Republic (1912– documents and digital files and more The Prints and Photographs Division photographs by Adalberto Rios- 1949). The division purchased 50 than 30,000 digital photographs. The received, through the gift of Tom Szalay, showing scenes in Mexico, reproduction volumes of Kenchiku to HistoryMakers has provided the Library Liljenquist, a remarkable Civil Ecuador and Nicaragua, for the Shakai (Fukkokuban), a rare journal with digital files of all the analog War tintype portrait showing the Library’s Archive of Hispanic on architecture initially published tapes. The nonprofit organization The white Confederate soldier A.M. Culture. Other items purchased by between 1916 and 1955. The division HistoryMakers announced its intentions Chandler and the black family slave, the Hispanic Division for the Prints also purchased a microfilm set of rare to continue to donate additional Silas Chandler, who brought A.M. and Photographs collections included documents and legal case evidence interviews to the Library, which will Chandler safely home after the related to the explosion at the Mitsui “Las Antillas Letradas” by Martorelli; serve as its permanent repository. Battle of Chickamauga. The division Miike Mine, Japan, in 1963, which a loteria series by Artemio Rodriguez; received, through a gift/purchase led to the deaths of 458 people. The Voudou photos by Phyllis Galembo; The Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and agreement with the photographer division also purchased K’ŏnt’ench’ŭ Uruguayan wine labels; and four Recorded Sound Division also acquired Camilo Vergara, more than 4,000 Rep. John Conyers (D-Mich.) is joined by sanŏp yŏn’gŭk yŏn’gu, 30 volumes relating prints by Juan Fuentes. The Prints and the personal collection of actor, photographs documenting U.S. his staff member, Rosa Parks, 1986. to the Korean National Theatre in the Photographs Division funds purchased screenwriter and producer Jerry Lewis urban ghettos from the 1980s to the Photographer not identified. 20th century. a Mexican War daguerreotype, 11 under a gift-purchase agreement, which present. The division received a gift

72 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX B. Selected Acquisitions | 73 APPENDIX C. Publications APPENDIX D. Exhibitions

Library of Congress exhibitions can be viewed online at loc. support of the Ira and Leonore Gershwin Trust for the BOOKS Reading Imperial Cartography by Lin Tien-jen. gov/exhibits/. benefit of the Library of Congress. Following its closing Christopher Columbus Book of Privileges: Published in English and Chinese, this at the Library on July 26, 2014, the exhibition opened in The Claiming of a New World by John W. annotated atlas contains 157 pre-1900 the Library of Congress/Ira Gershwin Gallery at the Walt Hessler, Chet Van Duzer and Daniel historical Chinese maps from the Library of NEW EXHIBITIONS Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, California, on Aug. 23, De Simone contains the first authorized Congress. The maps selected for the book are Mapping a New Nation: Abel Buell’s Map of the United States, 1784 2014, and remained on view through Feb. 14, 2015. facsimile of the Library’s copy—one of four either of academic significance and made with Nov. 11, 2013–ongoing On display in the Thomas in existence—of the royal charters, writs, exquisite craftsmanship or extremely rare. A Thousand Years of the Persian Book Jefferson Building’s Great Hall grants and papal letters that comprise Columbus’ “Book of (In association with Academia Sinica Digital Center) March 27, 2014–Sept. 20, 2014 North Gallery, this exhibition Privileges.” (In association with Levenger Press) The Persian language gained showcases Abel Buell’s 1784 prominence as a literary and Explorers Emigrants Citizens: A Visual History of CALENDARS map of the United States— common cultural language the Italian-American Experience from the Collections The Civil War 150th Anniversary the first map of the newly about a thousand years ago. of the Library of Congress by Linda Barrett This calendar features an array of independent United States Since then, a rich and varied Osborne and Paolo Battaglia celebrates the prints, drawings, photographs, maps, that was compiled, printed written and spoken heritage contributions of Italian Americans from manuscripts and more drawn from the and published in America by an American. Seven copies has developed in the Persian Christopher Columbus until today through unparalleled Civil War collections in the of the map are known to exist. Philanthropist David M. language, elevating the visibility of the Persian civilization 500 images from the Library’s collections. (In association with Library of Congress. The events of 1864 Rubenstein, co-founder and co-CEO of The Carlyle Group, among world intellectual traditions. The literary tradition Anniversary Books) are highlighted, from Grant’s overland campaign through purchased this map and placed it at the Library so it can be of the Persian language over the last millennium was the presidential election and the continuing struggle for publicly displayed and, by digital technology, made available explored in this exhibition, from illuminated manuscripts The Forgotten Fifties: America’s Decade from the permanent Emancipation, to the December 1864 battle of for research purposes. A state-of-the-art display case was to contemporary publications. The exhibition brought Archives of Look Magazine by James Conaway Nashville. (In association with Pomegranate) constructed by the Library in collaboration with the National brings the 1950s to life through more than Institute for Standards and Technology to allow the original attention to the literary achievements of Iran and the greater Golden Age Travel Posters 200 photographs drawn from the more than to be on continuous public view. Also on display are four Persian-speaking regions of Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Central JANUARY Finland for Winter Sports, O.K. Oksanen, artist, Finland: Sanoma Oy, 1949. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs 12 Division, LC-USZC4-13363. GOLDEN AGE FEBRUARYFrom historic capitals to exotic ports of call, the EASY-TO- Paris, Air France, Pierre Baudouin, artist, Paris: Imp. Bedos & FRAME Cie., 1947. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-12515. and South Asia and the Caucasus. The exhibition’s 75 POSTERS 4 million images in the Look Magazine MARCH S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T February 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 march 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 See India, Gopal Damodar Deuskar, artist, Bombay, India: TRAVEL POSTERS British India Press, [195-]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-13614. early maps of North America by John Mitchell, Carington 12 Poster Calendars for 2015 APRIL Austria Österreichische Verkehrswerbung, Werbedienst des Bundesministeriums für Handel u. Verkehr, Hermann Kosel, artist, Austria: Alfred Wall-Graz, [193-]. Library of Congress Prints and12 Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-32712. prints in this calendar provide a whirlwind MAY Brazil - Braniff International Airways, [195-]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-13597. W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T APRIL 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 MAY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 JUNE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 items were drawn primarily from the Library’s outstanding JUNE Collection in the Library of Congress, covering the period GOLDEN AGE TRAVEL POSTERS 2015 Rome, par le train de luxe “Rome Express,” Roger Broders, artist, Paris: Cornille & Serra, 1921. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-12901. Bowles, Thomas Hutchins and William Faden, which were JULY Visit Cuba, Conrado Walter Massaguer, artist, Havana: Artes Graficas, S. A., [ca. 1935]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-12763.

AUGUSTworld tour from the glamorous days of luxury

W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W JULY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 AUGUST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Travel by Trans-Australian Railway across Australia, James Northfield, artist, Northfield Studios Pty. Ltd. & J. E. Hackett, [ca. 1930]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, 1937–1971. (In association with Skira/Rizzoli) LC-USZC4-12510. Courtesy of the James Northfield Heritage Persian collection—among the most important in the world Art Trust ©

T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S january 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 SEPTEMBER Norway in September, Freda Lingstrom, artist, London: Adams created from 1755 to 1778. A 1784 map of the United States Bros. & Shadlow Ltd., [192-]. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppmsca-18920.

OCTOBER Wonderful Copenhagen, Viggo Vagnby, artist, Copenhagen, T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T OCTOBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 NOVEMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 DECEMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Denmark:travel. Tourist Association of Copenhagen, 1961. Library These vibrant posters, reproduced of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, LC-DIG-ppms- ca-19717.

NOVEMBER Hawaii, United Air Lines, Stan Galli, artist, between 1960 and Published by UNIVERSE PUBLISHING today outside of Iran. On display in the Thomas Jefferson ROM ROMANTIC CAPITALS TO TROPICAL GETAWAYS, the 12 prints in Golden A Division of Rizzoli International Publications, Inc. 1964. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, 300 Park Avenue South LC-USZC4-13496. Age Travel Posters 2015 evoke glamorous, bygone days when international New York, NY 10010 www.rizzoliusa.com travel was an exciting luxury. Reproduced from the extensive archives of the DECEMBER by William McMurray, which was published nine months Distributed to the trade by New York - The Wonder City of the World - Travel by Train, Andrews McMeel Publishing, F Color halftone repro. of lithograph by Latham Lith. & Ptg. Co., Library of Congress, elegant advertisements such as these once tempted well-heeled Kansas City, MO Long Island City, N.Y., after drawing by Adolph Treidler. travelers across oceans and around the globe. Today these stunning prints add vintage © 2014 Library of Congress Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division, All rights reserved style to any space while still inspiring dreams of exotic adventures in faraway lands, All images are from the Prints and Photographs LC-DIG-ppmsca-09574. Division of the Library of Congress. from the extensive collections of the Library including Brazil, India, Hawaii, Cuba, and Australia. Great Photographs from the Library of Congress by Design by Stislow Design Printed in Hong Kong, PRC EACH COLOR PRINT WILL FIT ANY 11X14-INCH FRAME. after Buell’s map, completes the exhibition. Building’s South Gallery, the exhibition was made possible U.S. $19.99 CAN $22.95 AUS $00.00 N.Z. $00.00 THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS of Congress, inspire travel to faraway places Aimee Hess features more than 700 images— through the support of the Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian such as London, Vienna, Paris, the Amalfi Coast, Egypt and from the dawn of photography to the present ASCAP: One Hundred Years and Beyond Americans, Ambassador Hushang Ansary, Jawad Kamel, Australia. (In association with Universe/Rizzoli) day. Drawn from the Library’s Prints and Feb. 13, 2014–July 26, 2014 Nazie Eftekhari and other donors. Photographs Division, the images have been The American Society of Composers, Movie Posters gathered in an e-book format. (In association Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) is one American Ballet Theatre: Touring the Globe for 75 Years From animated classics to modern thrillers, with Arte Publishing and the iBookstore) of the world’s leading performing-rights Aug. 14, 2014–Jan. 24, 2015 iconic silent films to screwball romantic organizations. To mark its centennial, To celebrate the 75th anniversary of Michigan I-O: Alan Lomax and the 1938 Library comedies, these 12 movie posters showcase this exhibition featured 45 objects, the American Ballet Theatre and the of Congress Folksong Expedition by Todd Harvey some of the finest talents ever to grace the including sheet music, photographs, recent donation of its archive to the celebrates the 1938 folklife survey of the silver screen. Each poster in this calendar pamphlets, posters and more. Some Library of Congress, this exhibition Great Lakes region by folklorist Alan Lomax. celebrates a movie selected for inclusion in the highlights include the first ASCAP highlights the dance company’s After three months, Lomax returned with National Film Registry of the Library of license, which was issued to Rector’s vibrant history. The comprehensive a cache of 250 discs and eight reels of film. Congress. (In association with Universe/Rizzoli) Restaurant in New York City (Broadway at 44th Street) in archive includes photographs; Benesh This multimedia e-book documents the 1914; the original manuscript of The Pink Panther, in the hand Movement Notation notes and scores; diverse ethnicities in Michigan. (In association with Dust to Natural Curiosities of composer Henry Mancini; Paul Williams’ lyrics for The music manuscripts; programs; clipping 12 This wall map features beautiful color EASY-TO- Digital and the iBookstore) FRAME POSTERS Natural Curiosities THE PRINTS OF ERNST HAECKEL Rainbow Connection; and the original lyrics for The Way We Were files; touring files; business papers; and information on Natural Curiosities 12 Poster Calendars for 2015 plates of underwater creatures by renowned grants and development, marketing and public relations, THE PRINTS OF ERNST HAECKEL 2015 naturalist Ernst Haeckel. The calendar by Alan and Marilyn Bergman. On display in the Performing

Full captions and uncropped images included. highlights rare material from books in the Arts Reading Room Gallery in the James Madison Memorial office administration and other memorabilia collected by

epicting a multitude of undersea life forms in precise detail and vivid colors, Published by UNIVERSE PUBLISHING A Division of Rizzoli International Publications, Inc. the exquisitely rendered prints of German naturalist Ernst Haeckel (1834 –1919) 300 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10010 instantly became world famous upon their publication at the end of the nineteenth www.rizzoliusa.com Distributed to the trade by Dcentury and have since inspired generations of artists, designers, and scientists. An Andrews McMeel Publishing, Kansas City, MO early and infl uential champion of Darwin, Haeckel was also a devout believer in monism © 2014 Library of Congress Building, the exhibition was made possible through the the company, former dancers and ballet fans. The nearly 50 All rights reserved and his compellingly beautiful, scientifi cally accurate plates express this idea of the All images are from the collections of the Library of Congress. unity of all life. The twelve stunning prints in Natural Curiosities 2015, details of www.loc.gov Prints and Photographs Division and in the Haeckel’s iconic illustrations, showcase his genius as a biologist and a draughtsman. Design by Stislow Design Printed in Hong Kong, PRC

EACH COLOR PRINT WILL FIT ANY 11x14-INCH FRAME.

US $19.99 CAN $22.95 UK £13.99 AUS $26.99 NZ $29.99 THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS Library’s General Collections. (In association with Universe/Rizzoli)

Haeckel-Box_r2.indd 1 15/4/14 6:00 pm 74 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESSProcess CyanProcess MagentaProcess YellowProcess Black APPENDIX D. Exhibitions | 75 artifacts on display in the Performing Arts Reading Room CONTINUING EXHIBITIONS Art and Architecture of the Thomas Jefferson Building Graphic Arts Galleries Gallery in the James Madison Memorial Building include Exploring the Early Americas: Visitors can experience the The Library’s three Graphic photographs, scores, costume sketches, posters and programs. The Jay I. Kislak Collection Thomas Jefferson Building’s Arts Galleries in the Thomas In addition, the exhibition includes a five-minute film of This exhibition features 19th-century architecture Jefferson Building feature selected clips, produced for the exhibition by Ric Burns selections from more than and its elaborately decorated cartoon collections and offer and Steeplechase Films. Following its closing at the Library 3,000 rare maps, documents, interior, embellished by visitors a rich sampling of on Jan. 24, 2015, the exhibition is scheduled to travel to paintings, prints and works of art by nearly 50 caricatures, comic strips, the Library of Congress/Ira Gershwin Gallery at the Walt artifacts that comprise the American artists. political drawings, artwork created for magazines and Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, California, and remain Jay I. Kislak Collection at graphic-novel illustrations. on view through August 2015. the Library of Congress. The exhibition offers insight into Bob Hope Gallery of American Entertainment Native-American cultures, the dramatic first encounters The Bob Hope The Herblock Gallery celebrates the work of editorial The Civil Rights Act of 1964: A Long Struggle for Freedom between Native Americans and European explorers and Gallery of American cartoonist Herbert L. Block with an ongoing display of Sept. 10, 2014–Sept. 12, 2015 settlers, and the pivotal changes caused by the meeting of Entertainment 10 original drawings, selected from the Library’s extensive To celebrate the 50th the American and European worlds. The Kislak exhibition features items from the Herbert L. Block Collection. Herblock Looks at 1964: Fifty anniversary of the Civil features two extraordinary maps by Martin Waldseemüller— Library’s Bob Hope Years Ago in Editorial Cartoons opened on April 5, 2014, and Rights Act of 1964, this a 1507 world map that uses the word “America” for the Collection, objects remained on view through Sept. 13, 2014. exhibition highlights the first time, and a marine chart made in 1516 that depicts a from the rich and legal and legislative struggles European view of the world enlarged by the presence of the varied collections of various Library divisions and objects The Swann Gallery introduces visitors to the quality and and victories leading to Western Hemisphere. borrowed from the Bob Hope Archives, located in Los variety of the Library’s cartoon collections through a the passage of this landmark legislation that outlawed Angeles. On display in the gallery, Hope for America: Performers, permanent memorial exhibition featuring 15 facsimiles of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex or national Thomas Jefferson’s Library Politics & Pop Culture examines the interplay of politics and seminal cartoons. The diverse selection includes caricatures, origin. The exhibition sheds light on individuals—both When Thomas Jefferson entertainment in American public life. An introductory political cartoons, comics, animation art, graphic novels and prominent leaders and private citizens—who participated in sold his personal library video and interactive exhibit stations that display film and illustrations that reflect the Library’s rich cartoon holdings. the decades-long campaign for equality. The more than 200 to Congress in 1815 to television clips, along with sound recordings, enliven the items, including correspondence and documents from civil- replace volumes destroyed gallery experience. A third gallery offers a changing-exhibition program that rights leaders and organizations, photographs, newspapers, in a fire set by the British showcases the graphic arts collections in the Prints and legal briefs, drawings and posters, are drawn primarily from during the War of 1812, it Gershwin Room Photographs Division. the NAACP Records in the Library’s Manuscript Division was the largest private book collection in North America. The Gershwin Room in the and its Prints and Photographs Division. Audiovisual In this reconstruction of Jefferson’s library, the books have Thomas Jefferson Building stations throughout the gallery feature 77 clips showing been arranged in his modified version of an organizational is dedicated to displaying dramatic events such as protests, sit-ins, boycotts and other system created by British philosopher Francis Bacon (1561– selected items from the public actions against segregation and discrimination. 1626). Divided into categories of “Memory,” “Reason” Library’s Gershwin The exhibition also features two videos co-produced with and “Imagination”—that Jefferson translated to “History,” Collection, the world’s HISTORY®. On display in the Southwest Gallery of “Philosophy” and “Fine Arts”—the collection demonstrates preeminent resource for the Thomas Jefferson Building, this exhibition was made the span of Jefferson’s multi-faceted interests, which continue the documentary legacy possible by a grant from Newman’s Own Foundation, with to inform the Library’s collecting strategy. of George and Ira Gershwin. Rare objects from the Gershwin additional support from HISTORY® for both audiovisual and Collection, which is housed in the Library’s Music Division, are The Library of Congress Bible Collection educational content and outreach. periodically rotated into the continuing exhibition titled Here The Giant Bible of to Stay: The Legacy of George and Ira Gershwin. Among the items Mainz signifies the end to be seen in the exhibition were the Porgy and Bess printed- of the handwritten vocal piano score used and annotated by Rosamond Johnson, book while the who was in the original cast in 1935; rare snapshots of George Gutenberg Bible Gershwin; and Ira Gershwin’s drafts of some of his most marks the beginning famous song lyrics. of the printed book and the explosion of knowledge and creativity engendered by movable type. This exhibition explores the significance of the two 15th-century Bibles and, through interactive presentations, examines the relationship among the Mainz Bible and the Gutenberg Bible and 16 selected Bibles from the Library’s collections.

76 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX D. Exhibitions | 77 APPENDIX E. The Library in the News APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables

Americans; and the Library’s concert commemorating the bicentennial of “The Star-Spangled Banner.” Table 1. Library of Congress Appropriations 1 Other Library stories that received Available for Obligation—Fiscal 2014 media coverage were the opening to Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $412,052,000 researchers of the love letters between Congressional Research Service 105,350,000 former President Warren Harding and Copyright Office 51,624,000 his mistress, and the Library’s 14th Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 49,750,000 annual National Book Festival, which Total $618,776,000 were covered by The Washington Post, 1 The Omnibus Appropriations Act, 2014 (Public Law 113-76), signed by the President on Jan. 17, 2014, provided an appropriation for the Library of $618.776 million, including authority to spend up to $39.8 the Associated Press, Publishers Weekly million in offsetting collections. The Library operated under two continuing resolutions from Oct.17, 2013 and C-SPAN, among more than 40 until Jan.17, 2014, following a 16-day federal government-wide shut down at the start of the fiscal year. media outlets, both mainstream and online. Other stories popular with the print and broadcast media were the Dec. 18, 2013, announcement of the Table 2. Library of Congress Appropriations 2013 National Film Registry selections Continuing Resolution Base Funding—Fiscal 20151 and the release of the list of the 2013 Library of Congress, Salaries and Expenses $411,823,723 National Recording Registry selections on April 2, 2014. Congressional Research Service 105,291,636 Copyright Office 51,595,400 Library archivist Karen Linn Femia (left) shows members of the press some item from the letters of President Warren G. Harding, which opened to the public on The Library also received extensive Books for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 49,722,438 July 29, 2014. Photo by Amanda Reynolds broadcast coverage during the year Total $618,433,197 from such outlets as CBS Sunday Morning, 1 The Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015 (Public Law 113-164), signed by the President on CBS Evening News, the NBC Nightly News, Sept.19, 2014, provided funding for the Library through Dec.11, 2014, at the fiscal 2014 level net a rate of operation decrease of 0.0554 percent. This includes authority to spend up to $39.9 million in PBS Newshour and NPR, plus increasing offsetting collections. Throughout the year, the Library of coverage to the Library’s exhibition, coverage by Internet and social-media- Congress received extensive news A Thousand Years of the Persian Book. based journalists, including a large array coverage in major newspapers, of popular blogs and other websites broadcast and social media. Feature Coverage in The Washington Post and offering news to the public. stories about the Library appeared in The New York Times included the naming no less than 13 section fronts in The of Kate DiCamillo as the Library’s The Library facilitated scores of visits Washington Post, The New York Times and National Ambassador for Young from broadcast media—from around The Wall Street Journal. These included People’s Literature; the acquisition of the world—including a profile of the a front page story in The Washington Post jazz artist Max Roach’s papers; and Library’s Packard Campus for Audio- about the discovery in the Library’s the identification—with input from the Visual Conservation by CNN; a story collections of a previously unknown general public—of a soldier in one of by PBS Newshour on Thomas Jefferson’s artwork by “outsider artist” Martín the Library’s collection of Civil War Library, the nucleus from which the Ramírez and a double-truck layout ambrotypes. The Washington Post and Library of Congress was re-established in The Washington Post on the Library’s The New York Times were joined by PBS, following the burning of Washington American Ballet Theatre exhibition, National Public Radio (NPR) and by the British in 1814; and stories on which was also covered on the front CBS News in covering the naming of NPR and CBS Morning News about of The New York Times’ Arts section. Charles Wright as the Poet Laureate; the Library’s preservation work to The Wall Street Journal gave prominent the acquisition of The HistoryMakers, test compact discs to determine their a vast collection of video interviews probable lifespans and how to extend with ground-breaking African the useful lives of such media.

78 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 79 Table 3. Financial Statistics: Summary Statement The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Net Costs The independent firm of assets as of Sept. 30, 2014, and Library’s financing sources totaled For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) CliftonLarsonAllen was retained by 2013 total $523.6 million, and $673.8 million for both years ended Net Costs by Program Area: 2014 2013 the Office of the Inspector General to $506.9 million, respectively. Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013. National Library $392,232 $403,212 audit the Library of Congress fiscal Law Library 23,741 22,555 ■■ The Condensed Statements of ■■ The Condensed Statements of 2014 financial statements. Copyright Office 36,491 37,684 Net Costs provide users with Budgetary Resources provide Congressional Research Service 135,333 133,018 A condensed version of the Library information about the net costs users with information about how of Congress statements for fiscal 2014 for the Library’s six programs. Net budgetary resources were made National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped 56,740 51,205 and fiscal 2013 follows, including the costs include allocated management available as well as their status at Revolving and Reimbursable Funds 24,329 20,048 four principal financial statements: support costs. For the fiscal years the end of the fiscal year. For the Net Costs of Operations $668,866 $667,722 the Condensed Balance Sheets, the ended Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013, fiscal years ended Sept. 30, 2014, Condensed Statements of Net Costs, the net cost of the Library’s six and 2013, the Library’s budgetary the Condensed Statements of Changes programs was $668.9 million and resources were $830.7 million and in Net Position, and the Condensed $667.7 million, respectively. $825.6 million, respectively. Statements of Budgetary Resources. The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Changes in Net Position ■■ The Condensed Statements of The Library’s audited financial For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) ■■ The Condensed Balance Sheets Changes in Net Position provide users statements (including financial statement 2013 2013 provide users with information with information about the Library’s notes and auditor’s report) can be Consolidated Consolidated about the Library’s assets, liabilities financing sources and the components found at loc.gov/about/reports/ Total Total and net position. The Library’s of the changes in net position. The financials/loc.html. Cumulative Results of Operations: Beginning Balances $216,351 $210,315 Budgetary Financing Sources The Library Of Congress Condensed Balance Sheets As of Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) Appropriations Used 558,963 562,134 2014 2013 Donations-Cash or Securities 10,403 6,776 Assets Other 2,816 2,996 Intragovernmental Assets $339,912 $319,919 Other Financing Sources (Non-exchange) Pledges Receivable-Donations 7,316 8,718 Donations-Property and Services 688 341 Investments 122,507 115,554 Imputed Financing 92,883 91,046 Property and Equipment, Net 50,110 59,351 Other 8,091 10,465 Other Assets 3,725 3,344 Total Financing Sources 673,844 673,758 Total Assets $523,570 $506,886 Net Cost of Operations (668,866) (667,722) Liabilities Cumulative Results of Operations, Ending $221,329 $216,351 Intragovernmental Liabilities $44,321 $46,464 Unexpended Appropriations: Accounts Payable and Accrued Funded Payroll, Benefits 59,002 55,161 Beginning Balances $141,486 $151,519 Deposit Account Liability 6,338 6,779 Budgetary Financing Resources Accrued Unfunded Liabilities 33,524 35,072 Appropriations Received 578,982 588,607 Other Liabilities 4,236 5,573 Appropriation tTransferred and Other Adjustments (6,685) (36,506) Total Liabilities $147,421 $149,049 Appropriations Used (558,963) (562,134) Net Position Total Budgetary Financing Sources 13,334 (10,033) Unexpended Appropriations $154,820 $141,486 Unexpended Appropriations, Ending 154,820 141,486 Cumulative Results of Operations 221,329 216,351 Net Position, Ending $376,149 $357,837 Total Net Position $376,149 $357,837 Total Liabilities and Net Position $523,570 $506,886

80 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 81 The Library of Congress Condensed Statements of Budgetary Resources Table 4. Additions to the Collections—Items For the Fiscal Years Ended Sept. 30, 2014, and 2013 (Dollars in Thousands) (Unaudited) Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY14 2014 2013 Classified Collections Budgetary Resources Class A (General Works) 793 88 450,714 Unobligated Balances, brought Forward, Oct. 1 $81,176 $90,065 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 7,944 56 455,581 Recoveries of prior year obligations 17,589 25,761 Class BL-BX (Religion) 22,220 36 1,018,183 Budgetary Authority Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 3,218 28 318,121 Appropriation $591,822 $572,720 Class D (History except American) 36,226 117 1,784,804 Spending Authority from offsetting collections 146,835 142,847 Class E (American History) 3,726 348 330,138 Other (6,685) (5,790) Class F (American History) 7,850 47 564,426 Total Budgetary Resources $830,737 $825,603 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 18,272 21 775,915 Status of Budgetary Resources Class H (Social Sciences) 44,642 104 3,501,741 Obligations Incurred $753,289 $744,427 Class J (Political Science) 8,141 52 923,123 Unobligated Balance 77,448 81,176 Class K and LAW (Law) 22,744 137 2,885,434 Total Status of Budgetary Resources $830,737 $825,603 Class L (Education) 6,848 20 625,481 Change in Obligated Balance: Class M (Music) 19,505 11 842,430 Total net unpaid obligated balance, brought Forward, Oct. 1 $191,080 $237,384 Class N (Fine Arts) 14,021 161 816,800 Obligations incurred (net) 753,289 744,427 Class P (Language and Literature) 58,907 8,091 3,478,204 Less: Outlays, recoveries and change in uncollected payments (721,431) (790,731) Class Q (Science) 16,294 41 1,403,868 Total unpaid obligated balance, net, end of period $222,938 $191,080 Class R (Medicine) 9,582 14,469 627,943 Net Outlays: Class S (Agriculture) 3,321 6 488,679 Gross Outlays $715,702 $754,401 Class T (Technology) 13,782 93 1,560,051 Less: Offsetting Collection and offsetting receipts (159,696) (132,757) Class U (Military Science) 2,506 2 243,192 Net Outlays $556,006 $621,644 Class V (Naval Science) 648 8 117,632 Class Z (Bibliography) 2,830 82 679,608 Total Classified Collections 324,020 24,018 23,892,068 Other Print Materials or Products Books in Large Type 0 0 8,684 Books in Raised Characters 0 0 81,539 Incunabula 0 0 5,711 Minimal-Level Cataloging (Monographs and Serials) 0 0 1,172,316 Newspapers (Bound) 0 0 37,954 Pamphlets 0 0 272,135 Technical Reports 36,487 0 1,795,936 Other 692,007 0 10,698,696 Total Other Print Materials 728,494 0 14,072,971 Total Print Collections 1,052,514 24,018 37,965,039

82 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 83 (Table 4 continued) Table 5. Additions to the Collections—Titles Other Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY14 Print Collections Added Withdrawn Total FY14 Audio Materials 37,300 0 3,498,288 Classified Collections Talking Books1 0 0 69,048 Class A (General Works) 529 0 97,674 Manuscripts 655,120 0 69,626,842 Class B-BJ (Philosophy) 5,296 0 271,801 Maps 33,496 1,312 5,539,890 Class BL-BX (Religion) 14,813 0 741,173 Microforms 95,597 0 16,912,491 Class C (History, Auxiliary Sciences) 1,839 0 159,938 Music 363,945 2,000 7,113,157 Class D (History except American) 24,151 0 1,239,468 Visual Materials Class E (American History) 2,070 0 166,580 Moving Images 37,041 0 1,771,595 Class F (American History) 4,361 0 323,212 Photographs (negatives, prints, and slides) 204,734 0 14,137,584 Class G (Geography, Anthropology) 10,441 0 681,112 Posters 715 0 106,309 Class H (Social Sciences) 25,510 0 1,839,340 Prints and Drawings 12,583 0 664,444 Class J (Political Science) 4,652 0 358,879 Other (broadsides, photocopies, nonpictorial material, etc.) 21,022 0 1,398,547 Class K and LAW (Law) 15,163 0 939,210 Machine-Readable Material 2,761 0 1,972,235 Class L (Education) 4,565 0 326,230 Total Other Collections 1,464,314 3,312 122,810,430 Class M (Music) 15,776 0 550,628 Total (items) 2,795,684 27,330 160,775,469 Class N (Fine Arts) 9,347 0 510,357 1 Not counted in general category of Audio Materials Class P (Language and Literature) 53,226 0 2,829,211 Class Q (Science) 9,311 0 782,694 Class R (Medicine) 6,388 0 380,923 Class S (Agriculture) 2,214 0 243,525 Class T (Technology) 9,188 0 827,261 Class U (Military Science) 1,671 0 102,713 Class V (Naval Science) 370 0 43,456 Class Z (Bibliography) 1,617 0 257,432 Total Classified Collections 222,498 0 13,672,817

Table 6. Unprocessed Arrearages Percentage Total Items in Arrearage1 FY14 FY13 Change Change Machine-Readable 442 442 0 0 Manuscripts 17,085,569 16,850,017 235,552 1.4 Moving Images 368,263 668,717 (300,454) (45) Music 3,136,711 2,891,194 245,517 8.5 Sound Recordings 1,041,934 1,038,608 3,326 0.3 Total 21,632,919 21,448,978 183,941 0.86 1 Print material, maps, pictorial materials and rare books are no longer considered arrearage. Remaining work on hand will be processed by regular staff, not as part of arrearage reduction. The moving image arrearage includes approximately 300,000 still images from the silent-film era purchased late in the previous fiscal year for custody in the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division.

84 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 85 Table 7. Cataloging Workload Table 9. Preservation Treatment Statistics FY14 FY13 Treatment New Full-Level Catalog Records 186,657 166,973 Volumes Treated 4,866 Cooperative New Titles Fully Cataloged 66,707 74,645 Unbound Paper-Based Items Treated 24,496 Minimal-Level Cataloging Titles 25,826 31,190 Photographs Treated 549 Copy Cataloging 62,629 64,782 Commercial Library Binding (volumes)1 162,462 Collection-Level Cataloging 1,692 2,217 Mass Deacidification (volumes) 195,027 New Works Cataloged 359,072 363,467 Mass Deacidification (sheets) 903,461 Name and Series Authorities Established 77,652 75,318 Cooperative Name and Series Authorities Established 203,459 186,612 Housing/Rehousing Subject Headings Established 1,786 4,016 Protective Boxes Constructed, for Paper-Based Materials 9,518 Cooperative Subject Headings Established 1,564 2,314 Paper-Based Items Rehoused 10,251 Books Received for Processing in the Acquisitions and 2,032,069 1,829,184 Photographs Rehoused or Moved 37,725 Bibliographic Access Directorate Discs, Film (reels), Magnetic Tape (reels/cassettes) Cleaned/Packaged 623 Books Completely Processed in the ABA Directorate 852,729 747,087 Copying/Reformatting Preservation Photocopying (volumes) 347 volumes Paper-Based Materials Converted to Microfilm (pages)2 3,532,354 exposures (5,651,766 pages) Paper-Based Materials Converted to Digital Format (works) 74 works Table 8. MARC Records in the Library of Congress Database Audio Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 8,746 Category Total Net Increase Video Materials Converted to Digital Format (files) 24,884 Books 13,838,433 250,109 Motion Picture Films Converted to Digital Format (reels) 569 Electronic Resources 45,693 2,761 Motion Picture Films Converted on Analog Film (reels) 832 Manuscripts 17,659 347 General Preservation of the Collections Maps 343,632 4,920 Items Assessed 1,178,901 Music 675,906 24,201 Serials & Integrating Resources 1,313,271 13,049 Items Surveyed, Paper-Based 238,365 Visual Materials 588,928 27,812 Items Surveyed, Photographs 3,145 Subject Authorities 417,379 2,980 Items Surveyed, Other Formats 257 Name Authorities 9,087,949 281,111 Pieces Labeled 19,839 Holdings Records 19,530,543 371,876 1 Does not include approximately 4,500 volumes bound in the Library’s overseas offices. Totals: 2 Includes 2,342,877 pages microfilmed or microfiched in the Library’s overseas offices. Bibliographic 16,823,522 323,199 Authority 9,505,328 284,091 Holdings 19,530,543 371,876 Grand Total 45,859,393 979,166

86 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 87 Table 10. Number of Copyright Registrations by Subject Matter Table 12. Services to Individuals Who are Blind and Physically Handicapped Category of Material Published Unpublished Total Items Number Circulated1 of Readers Non-dramatic literary works: Regional and Subregional Libraries Monographs and computer-related works 132,718 42,661 175,379 Analog Cassette 1,720,036 144,516 Serials: Digital Cartridge 14,725,915 370,836 Serials (non-group) 35,519 – 35,519 Digital Download 3,542,639 46,510 Group Daily Newspapers 2,384 – 2,384 Braille 385,301 33,002 Group Serials 5,309 – 5,309 E-Braille 237,326 12,132 Total literary works 175,930 42,661 218,591 Large Print 2,476,746 148,378 Works of the performing arts, including musical works, dramatic works, 53,120 50,149 103,269 Miscellaneous2 155,689 135,558 choreography and pantomimes, and motion pictures and filmstrips Totals 23,243,652 890,932 Works of the visual arts, including two-dimensional works of fine and 50,160 38,543 88,703 graphic art, sculptural works, technical drawings and models, photographs, NLS Service to Overseas Patrons cartographic works, commercial prints and labels, and works of applied arts Analog Cassette 363 56 Digital Cartridge 7,335 128 Sound recordings 20,194 45,269 65,463 Digital Download 14,226 180 Total basic registrations 299,404 176,622 476,026 Braille 415 18 Renewals 145 145 E-Braille 1,053 59 Mask work registrations 84 84 Large Print 855 126 Vessel hull design registrations 43 43 NLS Service to Music Patrons Grand total all registrations 476,298 Analog Cassette 487 146 Preregistrations 832 Digital Cartridge 998 431 Documents Recorded 7,635 Digital Download 21,149 1,906 Braille 1,814 544 E-Braille 21,774 790 Table 11. U.S. Copyright Office Business Summary: Fee Receipts and Interest Large Print 170 111 Fees Receipts Recorded1 Interlibrary Loan—Multistate Centers Copyright Registration $21,815,016 Analog Cassette 27,585 N/A Mask Works Registration 5,735 Braille 2,612 N/A Vessel Hull Design Registration 11,780 Digital Cartridge 83,425 N/A 1 Renewal Registration 32,955 Items circulated include containers, volumes, mailed magazines and digital downloads (books and magazines). 2 Miscellaneous includes formats such as NEWSLINE, descriptive videos and circulation of network-produced magazines. Subtotal $21,865,486 NLS = National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped Recordation of Documents 2,515,868 N/A = not applicable Certifications 509,271 Searches 18,465 Special Handling/Expedited Services 4,233,060 Preregistrations 118,985 Other Services 420,586 Subtotal $7,816,235 Total Receipts Recorded $29,681,721 Fee Receipts Applied to the Appropriation $29,737,160 Interest Earned on Deposit Accounts 2,043 Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation2 $29,739,203 1 “Receipts Recorded” are fee receipts entered into the Copyright Office’s systems. 2 “Fee Receipts and Interest Applied to the Appropriation” are income from fees and deposit account interest that were fully cleared for deposit to the Copyright Office appropriation account within the fiscal year. The amount of Fee Receipts Applied to the Appropriation during the FY does not equal the Total Receipts Recorded, because some receipts recorded at the end of a year are applied in the next fiscal year.

88 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 89 Table 13. Reader Services1 Table 14. Cataloging Distribution Service: Financial Statistics Direct Reference Service Source of Income Circulation of General $1,922,591 items for use Web-based/ within the Library In Person Correspondence Telephone E-mail Total U.S. Government Libraries 59,385 African and Middle 4,645 3,088 1,721 3,279 7,750 15,838 Foreign Libraries 737,494 Eastern Division Total Gross Sales $2,719,470 American Folklife Center/ 2,464 4,515 288 2,567 5,803 13,173 Analysis of Total Income Veterans History Project Cataloger’s Desktop 722,358 Asian Division 5,304 2,529 0 732 2,625 5,886 Classification Web 1,124,901 Collections Access, 146,639 20,031 0 21,467 57,385 98,883 Miscellaneous Publications 857 Loan and Management Technical Publications 87,628 Division Total Gross Sales $2,719,470 European Division 26,494 3,607 60 1,437 2,440 7,544 Adjustments (7,598) Federal Research Division 0 0 0 22 43 65 Total Net Sales $2,711,872 Geography and 270,140 2,302 158 1,260 1,620 5,340 Transfers Map Division Fees Transferred to Appropriation $2,711,872 Hispanic Division 4,219 9,327 1,249 7,133 24,005 41,714 Fees Transferred to Miscellaneous Receipts 0 Humanities and Social 24,999 28,613 69 3,006 5,139 36,827 Total Fees Transferred $2,711,872 Sciences Division Law Library2 17,272 26,328 968 4,226 3,550 35,072 Manuscript Division 59,903 29,767 144 3,340 6,489 39,740 Motion Picture Broadcasting 2,485 1,781 32 3,100 12,686 17,599 and Recorded Sound Division Music Division 125,213 8,321 0 1,516 2,054 11,891 Prints and Photographs 186,651 10,865 69 1,928 6,696 19,558 Division Rare Book and Special 12,303 3,234 132 1,848 5,148 10,362 Collections Division

Science, Technology 2,782 28,739 275 4,741 11,960 45,715 and Business Serial and Government 90,539 48,014 18 3,827 10,076 61,935 Publications Division TOTAL 982,052 231,061 5,183 65,429 165,469 467,142 1 Not included here are statistics for the Copyright Office, which answered 245,895 reference inquiries in fiscal 2014. Also not included here are statistics for the Congressional Research Service, which responded to nearly 593,000 congressional requests and recorded more than 656,000 site visits by congressional clients to the CRS website. 2 Not included here are the 1,356 research reports, special studies and memoranda the Law Library prepared for Congress, other government agencies and the public.

90 | 2014 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS APPENDIX F. Statistical Tables | 91 Table 15. Human Resources (as of Sept. 30, 2014) Library Permanent Employment by Service Unit Office of the Librarian 148 Includes Office of the Librarian; Office of the Deputy Librarian; Communications; Development; Congressional Relations; Special Events and Public Programs; General Counsel; Office of the Chief Financial Officer; Office of Contracts and Grants Management Congressional Research Service 586 Copyright Office 378 Law Library 85 Library Services 1,407 Office of Strategic Initiatives 299 Office of Support Operations 222 Office of the Inspector General 13 Total Permanent Library Employees 3,1381 Demographics Average Years of Library of Congress Service 17 Average Years of Federal Service 18 Average Age 50 Males 1,396 Females 1,742 American Indian 15 Asian 241 Black 1,005 Hispanic/Latino 79 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 1 White 1,781 Two-or-More Races Total Permanent Library Employees 3,1381 1 Includes employees funded by appropriated and non-appropriated sources. The Library’s attrition rate for permanent employees was 5.89 percent in fiscal 2014.

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