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Biogeaphioal Sketches

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Biogeaphioal Sketches BIOGEAPHIOAL SKETCHES, MAJOR GENERAL CHARLES S. HAMILTON. General Charles S. Hamilton Avas born in Oneida County, Xew York, in 1822, and removed at an early age, to Western Xew York. In 1839, he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, in the class AAdth Generals Grant, Augur, J. J. Reynolds, Peck, Quimby, Steele, Franklin, Judah, Hardie and others, and graduated iu 1843. He was assigned to the Second Regiment, United States Infantry as brevet Second Lieutenant, Avas promoted to Second Lieuteuant, and transferred to the Fifth Infantry, and joined the regiment, which formed part of the force of General Taylor, Avho was then at JSIatamoras, engaged in the war Avith Mexico. The regiment was in Mclutosh's brig­ ade. Worth's diAusion. Lieutenant Hamilton, Avith his regiment, took part in the assault on Monterey, aud is handsomely men­ tioned in the report of his superior officers. On the organization of General Scott's column at Lobos Island, Worth's diA'ision AA^IS transferred to that command. Lieutenant Hamilton took an act­ ive part in the siege of Vera Cruz, aud battle of Cerro Gordo, and won a brevet captaincy at the battle of Contreras and Chur- ubusco, and was severely AA'ounded at Molino del llcy, being shot through the shoulder which laid him up in hospital six months in the City of Mexico. After the war, he Avas engaged in the recruiting service at Rochester, Kew York, for two years, then for a year and half, Avas stationed in the Indian Tcrritoiy and Texas, fighting the Camanches. He resigned iu 1853, and removed to Wisconsin, settling at Fond du Lac, and remaining in civil life until called by Governor Randall to act as his aid iu organizing the Wisconsin troops. At 976 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. the outbreak of the rebellion, Governor Randall needed the advice of men experienced in military affairs, and called Lieu­ tenant Ruger, of Janesville, to his assistance. A friend shoAved to the Governor the record of Captain Hamilton as found in the official reports in the Mexican war, and informed His Excellency that Captain Hamilton was a resident of Fond du Lac. Gover­ nor Randall immediately sent for him and availed himself of his experience in the organization of the first regiments of the State. Desiring active service, Captain Hamilton accepted the Colo­ nelcy, of the Third Regiment, Avhich was ordered into camp at Fond du Lac. In a short time Colonel Hamilton had his regi­ ment thoroughly organized and clothed in the most complete manner then possible, and no regiment ever Avent from the State with a more efficient organization than the Third, and none did better or more gallant service. Moving Avith it to Harper's Ferry, Colonel Hamilton reported to General Banks. Colonel Hamilton was promoted to Brigadier General, to date from the 11th of June, being the first general officer appointed from Wisconsin. In August, 1861, he was assigned to the command of the Second Brigade of General Banks' division. In March, 1862, his brigade Avas concentrated at Bunker Hill, where General Hamilton planned an expedition to capture Stonewall Jackson's command at Winchester, but General Banks would uot sanction it, aud ordered him to make a reconnoissance in force against Winchester. He entered that place but Jackson escaped up the valley. General Hamilton was soon after summoned by General McClellan to take command of Ileintzelman's old division in the Third Army Corps, which was the first to embark for the peninsula. In April, his division took position before Yorktown, being next to the extreme left of the line. Here General Hamilton discovered an opportunity to carry the enemy's posi­ tion with his diAdsion, and sent to General McClellan with a request to be permitted to do so. General Hamilton Avas con­ gratulated by General Hooker, and other general officers, on this chance to strike an effective bloAv, but General McClellan did not reply, and the siege soon after commenced. In May, Gen­ eral Hamilton was relieved of his command, and was transferred, at the request of General Halleck, to his department in Tennes­ see, where he was placed iu command of the left wing of the MAJOR GENERAL C. S. HAMILTON. 977 Army of the Mississippi, composed of the divisions of Generals Davis and Buford, Avliich Avas eventually reduced to Buford's division, by the transfer of Davis' division to General Buell's department. General Rosecrans Avas subsequently placed iu command of that Aving of the arm3^, Avhich consisted of the diAdsious of Gen­ erals Hamilton aud Stanley. Ou the morning of the 19th of September, 1862, the Third Division, General Hamilton, marched from .Jacinto, iu order to attack General Price, at or near luka, in conjunction with other forces of General Grant. General Hamilton's diAdsiou had the advance of Rosecrans' troops, and encountered the enemy in heavy force, about tAvo miles from the toAA'u. The nature of the ground Avas such as to permit ouly a portion of General Hamilton's troops to form in line of battle, and he had, therefore, the honor of fighting alone, the Avholo rebel force of General Price — seven regiments against eighteen regiments of the euemy. JSTO battle during the whole Avar Avas more bravely contested than that of luka. General Hamilton AA'as at the front, in the midst of the fight, cheering his men on —rallying others to their standard — gathering broken detach­ ments aud leading them to the charge — ahvays present A\dien most needed. The battle commenced at 4|- P. M., and lasted until darkness put an end to the contest, AA'heu General Hamilton's forces lay ou the field they had so gallantly Avon, and next morning pursued the fleeing eiieiu}' fifteen miles. General Hamilton had his horse shot under him and the handle of his SAvord Avas shattered by a bullet. General Grant iii his report, says: It was a part of General Hamilton's command that did the fighting, directed entirely by that cool and deserving officer. I commend him to the President for acknowledgment of his services. After the battle of luka, General Hamilton Avas in command of the District of Jacinto until October 2d, AAdien General Rose­ crans concentrated his forces for the defence of Corinth, forming his four divisions in a semi circle, covering the toAvn on the north and AA'Cst, about two miles outside of Corinth. Ilaiuii- ton's division occupied the extreme right AA'ith Davies' division on his left, McKean's division occupied the left, Avitli Stnnley'.s 62 978 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. division in the reserve. Ou the 3d of October, the rebels suc­ ceeded in driving back the divisions of McKean and Davies. In folloAving up Davies the rebel flank was exposed, which Hamilton, by a prompt movement, vigorously attacked, and suc­ ceeded in relieving McKean an'd DaAues from further attack for that day, and capturing scA'-eral hundred prisoners. ^t General Hamilton's suggestion, the troops, during the night, were AvithdraAvn and placed Avithin supporting distance of each other in the immediate vicinity of the village. At daAvn of the 4tli, the rebel batteries opened on the town and an artillery duel took place, after AA^MCII the rebels withdrew their guns aud trains and prepared to take the town by assault. They fell upon Davies' division in overpowering numbers, aud drove them iuto the town The rebels reached the centre of the town and took possession of Rosecrans' headquarters. There they were held iu check by Stanley's division. In the meantime Hamilton, Avho had repulsed the rebels in his front, hurled his whole force with such rapidity against the rebels, that those Avho had entered the town Avere all cut off and captured, Avhile those who had encountered Stanley's division, Avere attacked on both flanks with such vigor, that all Avere captured or scattered in a few minutes. Kothiug saved the Union army from defeat but the cool determined energy and bravery displayed by the troops of Hamilton's division, aud the admirable tact of that officer. After the battle of Corinth, Rosecrans Avas transferred to the Department of the Cumberland, and General Hamilton succeeded him iu the command of the Army of the Mississippi. This or­ ganization Avas soon merged in the Army of the Tennessee, of AA'hich, General Hamilton commanded the left wing. General Hamilton retained this command during the Oxford expedition into central Mississippi. In aSTovember, several promotions of Brigadiers Avere made to the grade of Major General. Soon after General Grant was ordered to organize his army into four army corps, and the new Major Generals were assigned, by orders from Washington, against General Grant's desires, to the command of these corps, thus depriving General Hamilton, who had fought bravely at luka and Corinth, of the command of the brave men he had led into those battles. MAJOR GENERAL C. S. HAMILTON. 979 With the promptings of true patriotism, he gave way to his seniors, and took command of the District of Jackson and Corinth, Avith headquarters at La Grange, Avhere he succeeded in keeping the country free from guerillas, and the railways secure from annoyance. While in this command, he planned aud ordered the Grierson raid Avhich penetrated through Central ]\nssissippi aud produced such a commotion in rebeldom. In January aud Februaiy, 1863, General Hamilton AA-as in command at Memphis, Tenn. In April he was commissioned as Major General to rank from the day of the battle of luka, and ordered to repair to Vicksburg. He was again senior in rank to those officers Avho had been promoted OA'cr his head, but who having been assigned to the command of army corps by the Pres­ ident, could not be removed from their positions, by General Grant, Avho could only offer Hamilton a diAdsion.
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