DOCSLIB.ORG

ED348406.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

DOCUMENT RESUME ED 348 406 UD 026 925 AUTHOR Wilson, William Julius, Ed. TITLE The Ghetto Underclass: Social Science Perspectives. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. INSTITUTION American Academy of Political and Social Science, Philadelphia, Pa. REPORT NO ISBN-0-8039-3174-3 PUB DATE Jan 89 NOTE 245p. AVAILABLE FROMSage Publications, Inc., 2111 West Hillcrest Drive, Newbury Park, CA 91320 (ISBN-0-8039-3174.-3, $24.00 paperback; ISBN-0-8039-3173-5, $36.00 hardcover). PUB TYPE Collected Works Serials (022) -- Reports - Research/Technical (143) JOURNAL CIT The Annals; v501 Jan 1989 EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS Family (Sociological Unit); Fathers; *Ghettos; Homeless People; Influences; Lower Class; Marriage; *Minority Groups; Mothers; *Poverty; *Public Policy; *Social Problems; Unemployment; *Urban Areas; Urban Problems ABSTRACT This volume presents the research findings of numerous scholars on the theme, The Ghetto Underclass: Social Science Perspectives. The following 13 articles are included: (1) "The Cost of Racial and Class Exclusion in the Inner City" (L. Wacquant and W. Wilson); (2) "Urban Industrial TransitiOn and the Underclass" (J. Kasarda); (3) "Absent Fathers in the Inner City" (M. Sullivan); (4) "Sex Codes and Family Life among Poor Inner-City Youths" (E. Anderson); (5) "Employment and Marriage among Inner-City Fathers" (M. Testa, and others); (6) "Single Mothers, the Underclass, and Social Policy" (S. McLanahan and I. Garfinkel); (7) "Puerto Ricans and t.l.c Underclass Debate', (M. Tienda); (8) "Immigration and the Underclass" (R. Reischauer); (9) "The Urban Homeless: A Portrait of Urban Dislocation" (P. Rossi and J. Wright); (10) "Equal Opportunity and the Estranged Poor" (J. Hochschild); (11) "The Logic of Workfare: The UnderClass and Work Policy" (L. Mead); (12) "Institutional Change and the Challenge of the Underclass" (R. Nathan); and (13) "The Underclass: Issues, Perspectives, and Public Policy" (W. Wilson). The .volume also includes reviews of 41 books in the following categories: (1) International Relations and Politics; (2) Africa,Asia, and Latin America; (3) Europe;(4) United states;(5) Sociology; and (6) Economics. (VM) *******!*************************************************************** * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * * from the original document. * 11********************************************************************** THE OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCE The Ghetto Underclass: Social Scien6e Perspectives Special Editor: WILLIAM JULIUS WILSON U.S. OSIRMITMENT Of 'EDUCATION Delve cd Eaucateana/ Ressorch And moproitpmeni EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER tERtCt )4.1n,s °acumen( nes been repeoducedaa reCennad tram me °Wean or orgemudran angetateno .t klinOr chan9ea nave been made fa empfpve reeroductron Qualltv P011130, row r opirnonl Waled KtfhlactoCu ment Oo not neceaanno reptesem oftvctal OE R1oosaron or pot.cv "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL IN MICROFICHE ONLY HASs+- BEEN GRANTED BY 5c4e R4AcciAi-rofris TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERICL tr) January 1989 2PIST COPY MAILABLE Nate available. .an important evforonee boo k for every issetitationai and personal library. THE ANNALS of The American Academy ctf Political and Social Science Ninety-Fifth Anniversary Index 1981-1985 volumes 453-482 CUMULATIVE INDEX TO SUBJECIE, CONTRIBITIVES, TITLES. NAMES, BOOKS REVIEWED, AND BOOR REVIEWERS $24 softcover $36 hardcover 20% discount to members of The Academy Rates to number= $1920 setcover, 1121120 hardcover Mod previous hems to The Awash are availabk, in short supply. Write to Sage Publications for inhumation. Please send orders, including ail ',somber &Mem tsx SAGE PUBIICATIONS, INC. 2111 Wart Rilleved. Drive Newbury Park. Calif. 91320 USA Intitaisas and *dividini wiesseopthwv luotitatiouo and istiiriduai aosslembers leas awl &ma Asia, write kr ths UK, Swops. fite Midi* East arid Afrieo. mete ttr SAGE INDIA P.O. Box OS SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD Now Delhi 110 048 SO Beam Sine nem Loudon EC1Y ENGLAND VOLUME 501 JANUARY 1989 THE ANNALS of The American Academy of Political and Social Science RICHARD D. LAMBERT, Editor ALAN W. HESTON, Associate Editor THE GHgTTO UNDERCLASS: SOCIAL SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES Special Editor of this Volume WILLIAM JULIUS WILSON University of Chicago Illinois SAGE PUBLICATIONS NEWBURY PARK LONDONNEW DELHI THE ANNALS 1989 by The American Academyof Political and Social Science ERICA GINSBURG, Assistant Editor form or by any All rights reserved. No part of thisvolume may be reproduced or utilized in any by any information storage means, electronic ormechanical, including photocopying, recording or and retrieval system, withoutpermission in writing from the publishes. Ethiopia! Office: 3937 Chestnut Street,Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. address: For information about membership*(bulividstals only) and subscrOtiopu (institutions), SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC. 2111 West Hi Ilerest Drive Newbury Park, CA 91320 From India and South Asia, From the UK, &trope, the Middle write to: East and Africa, write to: SAGE PUBLICATIONS INDIA Pvt. Ltd. SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD P.O. Box 4215 21 Banner Street New Delhi 110 041 London ECIY 89E INDIA ENGLAND SAGE Production Editors: JANETBROWN and L1ANN LECH * Please note that members of The Academyreceiw THE ANNAL S with their membership. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number88-061073 International Standard Serial Number ISSN0002-7162 International Standard Book Number ISBN0-8039-3174-3 (Vol. 501, 1989 paper) International Standard Book Number ISBN0-8039-3173-5 (Vol. 501, 1989 cloth) Manufactured in tlx United States of America.Fiat printing, January 1989. The articles appearing in THE ANNALS areindexed in Book Review Index; Pub& Affairs Information Service Bulietin: SocialSciences Index; Monthly Periodical Index; Currou Contents; Behavioral Social,Management Sciences; and Combined Retrospective Index Sets. They are alsoabstracted and indexed in ABC Poi Sci, Historical Abstracts, Human ResourcesAbsoucu, Social Sciences Citation Index. United States Political Science Documents.Social Work Resewch & Abstracts, Peace Research Reviews, Sage Urban StudiesAbstracts, International Politica! Science Abstracts, America: History and Life, and/orFamily Resources Da/abase. information about membership rates, institutionalsubscriptions, and back issue prices may be found on the facing pap. Advertising. Current tat= and specifications maybe obtained by writing to THE ANNALS Advertising and Promotion Manager at theNewbury Park office (address above). of Claims. Claims for undelivered copies must bemade no later than three months following month publication. The publisher will supply missingcopies when losses have been suftained in transit and when the reserve stock will permit. of address to Cisme of Address. Six weeks* advancenotice must be given when notifying of change insure proper identification, Please specify nameof journal. Send change of address to: THE ANNALS, c/o Sage Publications, Inc., 2111West Hillcrest Drive, Newbury Park, CA 91320, The American Academy of Political and Social Science 3937 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Board of Dfrecton ELMER B. STAATS RANDALL M. WHALEY MARVIN E. WOLFGANG HENRY W. SAWYER, HI LEE BENSON WILLIAM T. COLEMAN, Jr. RICHARD D. LAMBERT ANTHONY J. SCI RICA THOMAS L, HUGHES FREI:Mt/CI HELDRING LLOYD N. CUTLER Officers President MARVIN E. WOLFGANG Yke-Presidents RICHARD D. LAMBERT, first nee-President STEPHEN B. SWEENEY, First Ylee-Presiektu Enterittar Secretary Drasurer Counsel RANDALL M. WHALEY ELMER B. STAATS HENRY W. SAWYER, III Editors, THE ANNALS RICHARD D. LAMBERT, Editor ALAN W. HESTON, A ISOCialf Editor THORSTEN SELLIN, Editor Emeritus Assistant to the President MARY E. HARRIS Origin and Purpose. The Academy was organized December 14, 1889, to promote the progress of political and social science, especially through publications and meetings. The Academy does not take sides in controverted questions, but seeks to gather and present reliable information to assist the public in forming an intelligent and accurate judgment. Meetings. The Academy holds an annual meeting in the spring extending over two days. NbBeaticass. THE ANNALS is the bimonthly publication of The Academy. Each issue contains articles on some prominent social or political problem, written at tbe invitation of the editors, Abu, monographs are published from time to time, numbers of which are distributed to pertinent professional organizations. These volumes constitute important reference works on the topics with which they deal, and they arc extensively cited by authorities throughout the United States and abroad. The papers presented at the meetings of The Academy are included in THE ANNALS. Membership. Each member of The Academy receives THE ANNALS and may attend the meetings of The Academy. Membership is open only to individuals. Annual dues: $30.00 for the regular paperbound edition (cicrthbound, $45.00). Add $9.00 per year for membership outside the U.S.A. Metben may also purchase single issues of THE ANNALS for $7.95 each (clothbound, $12.00). Sobseripdons. TH E ANNALS (ISSN 0002-7162) is published six times annuallyin January, March, May. July. September, and November. Institutions may subscribe to THE ANNALS at the annual rate: $66.00 (clothbound, $84.00). Add$9.00 per year for subscriptions outside the U.S.A. Institutional rates for single issues: $12.00 each (clothbound, $17.00).
Recommended publications
  • Econ 771.001

    Econ 771.001

    ECON 771: Political Economy of Race and Gender Spring 2018 Dr. Elissa Braunstein Department of Economics, Colorado State University [email protected] Office: C327 Clark Office hours: T 1:00 – 2:00 (or by appointment) Overview I define political economy as “the study of the impact of group identity and collective conflict on the organization of economic activity and its consequences.” Political economy traditions tend to focus on class as a source of identity and group conflict. In this course, we will expand that focus to incorporate other sources of group membership, giving you a broad background in economic approaches to inequality and identity based on race/ethnicity and gender. We will focus primarily on the neoclassical, Marxian political economy and feminist literatures. In addition to learning more about the relationship between group membership and economic structures, we will use the prisms of race and gender to better understand and critique various approaches to economic analysis. And while much of the literature focuses on the U.S. context, I will try to broaden the discussion as often as possible, and encourage students to do the same. I welcome students from other social science disciplines. Although we will cover some advanced material that may be difficult for those who have not completed graduate economics courses, the emphasis will be on the main points, rather than the technical detail. The syllabus includes both required readings (*starred) and supplemental readings/sections as I wanted to give you a more complete sense of the literature if you are interested in looking further into a particular topic.
  • The Revival of Economic Sociology

    The Revival of Economic Sociology

    Chapter 1 The Revival of Economic Sociology MAURO F. G UILLEN´ , RANDALL COLLINS, PAULA ENGLAND, AND MARSHALL MEYER conomic sociology is staging a comeback after decades of rela- tive obscurity. Many of the issues explored by scholars today E mirror the original concerns of the discipline: sociology emerged in the first place as a science geared toward providing an institutionally informed and culturally rich understanding of eco- nomic life. Confronted with the profound social transformations of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the founders of so- ciological thought—Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, Georg Simmel—explored the relationship between the economy and the larger society (Swedberg and Granovetter 1992). They examined the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services through the lenses of domination and power, solidarity and inequal- ity, structure and agency, and ideology and culture. The classics thus planted the seeds for the systematic study of social classes, gender, race, complex organizations, work and occupations, economic devel- opment, and culture as part of a unified sociological approach to eco- nomic life. Subsequent theoretical developments led scholars away from this originally unified approach. In the 1930s, Talcott Parsons rein- terpreted the classical heritage of economic sociology, clearly distin- guishing between economics (focused on the means of economic ac- tion, or what he called “the adaptive subsystem”) and sociology (focused on the value orientations underpinning economic action). Thus, sociologists were theoretically discouraged from participating 1 2 The New Economic Sociology in the economics-sociology dialogue—an exchange that, in any case, was not sought by economists. It was only when Parsons’s theory was challenged by the reality of the contentious 1960s (specifically, its emphasis on value consensus and system equilibration; see Granovet- ter 1990, and Zelizer, ch.
  • Will Look Primarily for Reasons Families Changed, and Why They Appear To

    Will Look Primarily for Reasons Families Changed, and Why They Appear To

    The Growing Differences in Family Structure: What Do We Know? Where Do We Look for Answers? By David T. Ellwood and Christopher Jencks John F. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University August 2001 This paper was prepared as part of the New Inequality Program supported by the Russell Sage Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the generous support for this initiative. Eric Wanner provided helpful comments. Thank you to Elisabeth Welty, Chris Wimer, and David Harding for their excellent research work and thoughtful suggestions and to Seth Kirshenbaum for his careful editing and fine assistance. The Growing Differences in Family Structure: What Do We Know? Where Do We Look for Answers? By David T. Ellwood and Christopher Jencks The rapid changes in family structure in the United States over the past 40 years have unquestionably contributed to growing family income inequality. One mechanism is quite well known. The growth of single parenthood tends to raise poverty and lower family incomes if for no other reason than more children are being supported by only one potential earner who is usually a woman. What is far less well known is the fact that single parenthood has grown quite differently by the level of maternal education. For a women aged 25-34 in the bottom third of the education distribution, the odds of being a single parent has risen from 7% in the mid 1960s to nearly 20% today. For a comparably aged woman in the top third of education, the odds have barely changed from the 5% figure of the 1960s. In spite of a few high profile celebrity cases, single parenthood remains rare for this educated group.
  • Welfare Reform and Political Theory

    Welfare Reform and Political Theory

    WELFARE REFORM AND POLITICAL THEORY WELFARE REFORM AND POLITICAL THEORY LAWRENCE M. MEAD AND CHRISTOPHER BEEM EDITORS Russell Sage Foundation • New York The Russell Sage Foundation The Russell Sage Foundation, one of the oldest of America’s general purpose foundations, was established in 1907 by Mrs. Margaret Olivia Sage for “the improvement of social and living conditions in the United States.” The Founda- tion seeks to fulfill this mandate by fostering the development and dissemina- tion of knowledge about the country’s political, social, and economic problems. While the Foundation endeavors to assure the accuracy and objectivity of each book it publishes, the conclusions and interpretations in Russell Sage Founda- tion publications are those of the authors and not of the Foundation, its Trustees, or its staff. Publication by Russell Sage, therefore, does not imply Foundation endorsement. BOARD OF TRUSTEES Robert E. Denham, Chair Alan S. Blinder Larry V. Hedges Alan B. Krueger Christine K. Cassel Jennifer L. Hochschild Cora B. Marrett Thomas D. Cook Timothy A. Hultquist Eric Wanner Christopher Edley Jr. Kathleen Hall Jamieson Mary C. Waters John A. Ferejohn Melvin J. Konner Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Welfare reform and political theory / Lawrence M. Mead and Christopher Beem, editors. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-87154-595-0 1. Public welfare—United States. 2. Public welfare—Great Britain. 3. Welfare recipients—Employment—United States. 4. Welfare recipients—Employment— Great Britain. 5. United States—Social policy—1993- 6. Great Britain—Social policy—1979- 7. Public welfare—Political aspects. 8. Citizenship. I. Mead, Lawrence M. II.
  • International Affairs and the Public Sphere Faculty Research Working Paper Series

    International Affairs and the Public Sphere Faculty Research Working Paper Series

    International Affairs and the Public Sphere Faculty Research Working Paper Series Stephen M. Walt Harvard Kennedy School August 2011 RWP11-030 The views expressed in the HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the John F. Kennedy School of Government or of Harvard University. Faculty Research Working Papers have not undergone formal review and approval. Such papers are included in this series to elicit feedback and to encourage debate on important public policy challenges. Copyright belongs to the author(s). Papers may be downloaded for personal use only. www.hks.harvard.edu International Affairs and the Public Sphere Stephen M. Walt, Harvard University Most social scientists would like to believe that their profession contributes to solving pressing global problems. Indeed, the United States and many other modern societies subsidize university-based research and teaching on the assumption that scholars will develop useful knowledge about today’s world, communicate that knowledge to their students and to the broader public, and, where appropriate, offer rigorous, well-informed advice to interested policymakers. There is today no shortage of global problems that social scientists should study in depth: ethnic and religious conflict within and between states, the challenge of economic development, terrorism, the management of a fragile world economy, climate change and other forms of environmental degradation, the origins and impact of great power rivalries, the spread of weapons of mass destruction, just to mention a few. In this complex and contentious world, one might think that academic expertise about global affairs would be a highly valued commodity.
  • The Millennium Breach the American Dilemma, Richer and Poorer

    The Millennium Breach the American Dilemma, Richer and Poorer

    The Millennium Breach The American Dilemma, Richer and Poorer In Commemoration of the Thirtieth Anniversary of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders Executive Summary Second Edition, 1998 The Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation and The Corporation for What Works "Our nation is moving toward two societies, one black, one white—separate and unequal." On March 1, 1968, in the wake of riots in Detroit and Newark, and with more riots soon to come after the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, that was the conclusion of the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders—the Kerner Riot Commission, named after its chair, then-governor of Illinois Otto Kerner. Thirty years to the day, on March 1, 1998, the Milton S. Eisenhower Foundation released an update of the Kerner Commission. This is the second edition to the update. The original Commission concentrated on African-Americans and inner cities. To provide continuity, much of this update is similarly focused. At the same time, the report is sensitive to rapidly expanding disparities in income and wealth that are class-based, embraces all inner city minorities in poverty, and respects today's more complex, multicultural diversity—particularly the growing proportions of Hispanics and Asian- Americans in urban areas. The report tries to answer these questions: • What happened over the last thirty years? What are the facts on which to build an inner city policy for the new millennium? • What policy doesn't work? • What policy works? • What is the cost of replicating what works to scale and how can it be financed? • What are the major political obstacles against replicating to scale? • What is the political feasibility of a policy based on what works? • What political alliance is needed to generate political will? What Are The Facts? The Kerner Commission proposed remedies to racial, spatial and economic disparity.
  • What Is Economic Sociology and Should Any Economists Care?

    What Is Economic Sociology and Should Any Economists Care?

    What Is Economic Sociology and Should Any Economists Care? Robert Gibbons* Robert Gibbons is Sloan Distinguished Professor of Organizational Economics and Strategy, Sloan School of Management and Department of Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts. * I am grateful to Tim Taylor for helpful comments and to Jim Baron, Roberto Fernandez, Jim March, Joel Podolny, Jesper Sorensen, and Ezra Zuckerman for patient tutoring. 1 A couple years ago, two of my colleagues independently proposed approximately the same title for their respective contributions to a series of lunchtime talks: “Why Erving Goffman Is My Hero (and Should Be Yours, Too).” I emerged from these two lunches mightily impressed – both by Goffman’s (1959) insights into The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life and by the potential for Goffman’s micro-sociological research to inspire a major new research stream in behavioral game theory. In a similar spirit, I considered titling this introduction “Why Robert Merton Is My Hero,” but this approach seemed prone to at least two problems. First, explaining hero worship in a short space would probably require poetry, which is not my forte. Second, I feared that the title would be opaque to those economists who would immediately think of Robert C. Merton, the Nobel Laureate in financial economics, rather than his father Robert K. Merton, one of the great sociologists in the history of that discipline. I take the ideas in these papers and their underlying sociological literatures quite seriously. In fact, one sociologist friend recently declared that I have an “economist’s eye for the sociological guy.” More precisely, my interest is in economic sociology, which I will define as the sociology of economic actors and institutions; see the two Handbooks of Economic Sociology by Smelser and Swedberg (1994, forthcoming) for volumes of detail.
  • Intersecting Inequalities: Four Essays on Race, Immigration, and Gender in the Contemporary United States

    Intersecting Inequalities: Four Essays on Race, Immigration, and Gender in the Contemporary United States

    INTERSECTING INEQUALITIES: FOUR ESSAYS ON RACE, IMMIGRATION, AND GENDER IN THE CONTEMPORARY UNITED STATES by Emily K. Greenman A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Public Policy and Sociology) in The University of Michigan 2007 Doctoral Committee: Professor Yu Xie, Co-Chair Professor Mary E. Corcoran, Co-Chair Professor Sheldon H. Danziger Professor Pamela J. Smock © Emily K. Greenman 2007 To Mom and Dad, who have unfailingly supported my education from the earliest days. ii Acknowledgements I would like first to acknowledge the contributions of my advisor, Yu Xie, to Chapters 2 and 4, which will be published as coauthored papers. This dissertation was written with financial support from both the University of Michigan’s Population Studies Center and Rackham Graduate School. I was a trainee in both the Population Studies Center and the Quantitative Methodology Program at the University of Michigan during my graduate studies, and I have benefited greatly from the supportive and intellectually dynamic environments of both these programs. I owe great thanks to my committee, who couldn’t have been more generous with their support, time, and feedback. Pam Smock has always been able to make me think of my research from new directions and has helped me hone my critical thinking skills. Sheldon Danziger provided copious amounts of detailed and astute comments on my work, making sure that I wouldn’t be caught off guard by anything journal reviewers might have to say. A special thanks goes to Mary Corcoran, who recruited me into the joint Public Policy and Sociology doctoral program and who has been a continual source of support and encouragement ever since.
  • Recipients of Asa Awards

    Recipients of Asa Awards

    APPENDIX 133 APPENDIX 11: RECIPIENTS OF ASA AWARDS MacIver Award 1956 E. Franklin Frazier, The Black Bourgeoisie (Free Press, 1957) 1957 no award given 1958 Reinhard Bendix, Work and Authority in Industry (Wiley, 1956) 1959 August B. Hollingshead and Frederick C. Redlich, Social Class and Mental Illness: A Community Study (Wiley, 1958) 1960 no award given 1961 Erving Goffman, The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (Doubleday, 1959) 1962 Seymour Martin Lipset, Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics (Doubleday, 1960) 1963 Wilbert E. Moore, The Conduct of the Corporation (Random House, 1962) 1964 Shmuel N. Eisenstadt, The Political Systems of Empires (Free Press of Glencoe, 1963) 1965 William J. Goode, World Revolution and Family Patterns (Glencoe, 1963) 1966 John Porter, The Vertical Mosaic: An Analysis of Social Class and Power in Canada (University of Toronto, 1965) 1967 Kai T. Erikson, Wayward Puritans (Wiley, 1966) 1968 Barrington Moore, Jr., Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Beacon, 1966) Sorokin Award 1968 Peter M. Blau, Otis Dudley Duncan, and Andrea Tyree, The American Occupational Structure (Wiley, 1967) 1969 William A. Gamson, Power and Discontent (Dorsey, 1968) 1970 Arthur L. Stinchcombe, Constructing Social Theories (Harcourt, Brace, & World, 1968) 1971 Robert W. Friedrichs, A Sociology of Sociology; and Harrison C. White, Chains of Opportunity: Systems Models of Mobility in Organization (Free Press, 1970) 1972 Eliot Freidson, Profession of Medicine: A Study of the Sociology of Applied Knowledge (Dodd, Mead, 1970) 1973 no award given 1974 Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures (Basic, 1973); and Christopher Jencks, Inequality (Basic, 1972) 1975 Immanuel Wallerstein, The Modern World System (Academic Press, 1974) 1976 Jeffrey Paige, Agrarian Revolution: Social Movements and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World (Free Press, 1975); and Robert Bellah, The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial (Seabury Press, 1975) 1977 Kai T.
  • PAA Oral History Project Volume 1--Presidents Number 2

    PAA Oral History Project Volume 1--Presidents Number 2

    DDEEMMOOGGRRAAPPHHIICC DDEESSTTIINNIIEESS Interviews with Presidents and Secretary-Treasurers of the Population Association of America PAA Oral History Project Volume 1--Presidents Number 2--From 1961 through 1976 Prepared by Jean van der Tak PAA Historian 1982 to 1994 Assembled for Distribution by the PAA History Committee: John R. Weeks, Chair (PAA Historian, 1994 to present) Paul Demeny David Heer Dennis Hodgson Deborah McFarlane 2005 ABOUT THE PAA ORAL HISTORY PROJECT AND THESE INTERVIEWS This series of interviews with past presidents and secretary-treasurers and a few others for the oral history project of the Population Association of America is the brainchild of Anders Lunde, without whom PAA would scarcely have a record of its 60year history. Dismayed by the dearth of usable PAA files he inherited as secretary-treasurer in 1965-68, Andy later determined to capture at least the reminiscences of some of PAA's longest-time members. When written pleas yielded few results, he set about doing taped interviews with past presidents and secretary-treasurers and conducted over a dozen (with help from Abbott Ferriss and Harry Rosenberg) between 1973 and 1979. Andy also assembled core records of meetings, membership numbers and officers and Board members since PAA's founding in 1931. He established PAA's official archives and arranged--with the help of Tom Merrick and Conrad Taeuber--for their cataloguing and deposit in the Georgetown University library. [Note: the archives were removed from Georgetown University in the late 1990s, and are now housed in a storage unit rented by the Population Association of America, accessible through the Executive Director of the PAA.] With Con Taeuber, he organized the "PAA at Age 50" session at the 1981 50th anniversary meeting in Washington, which produced four valuable papers on early PAA history by Frank Notestein, Frank Lorimer, Clyde Kiser, and Andy himself (published in Population index, Fall 1981).
  • Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid

    Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid

    Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 1995 Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid Olatunde C.A. Johnson Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Law and Race Commons Recommended Citation Olatunde C. Johnson, Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid, 47 STAN. L. REV. 787 (1995). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/2207 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BOOK NOTE Integrating the "Underclass": Confronting America's Enduring Apartheid Olati Johnson* AMERICAN APARTHEID: SEGREGATION AND THE MAKING OF THE UNDERCLASS. By Douglas S. Masseyt & Nancy A. Denton.t Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. 1993. 292 pp. $14.95. Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton's American Apartheid argues that housing integration has inappropriatelydisappeared from the nationalagenda and is critical to remedying the problems of the so-called "underclass." Re- viewer Olati Johnson praises the authors' refusal to dichotomize race and class and the roles both play in creatingand maintaininghousing segregation. However, she argues, Massey and Dentonfail to examine critically either the concept of the underclass or the integration ideology they espouse. Specifi- cally, she contends, the authorsfail to confront the limits of integration strate- gies in providing affordable housing or combating the problem of tokenism.
  • Social Sciences $€ £ ¥

    Social Sciences $€ £ ¥

    social sciences $€ £ ¥ Article Segregation, Stereotypes, and STEM Sarah Thébaud and Maria Charles * Department of Sociology, University of California—Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9430, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 May 2018; Accepted: 4 July 2018; Published: 9 July 2018 Abstract: Scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematical (STEM) occupations are strongholds of gender segregation in the contemporary United States. While many Americans regard this segregation as natural and inevitable, closer examination reveals a great deal of variability in the gendering of STEM fields across time, space, and demographic groups. This article assesses how different theoretical accounts accord with the available evidence on the gender composition of scientific and technical fields. We find most support for accounts that allow for a dynamic interplay between individual-level traits and the broader sociocultural environments in which they develop. The existing evidence suggests, in particular, that Western cultural stereotypes about the nature of STEM work and STEM workers and about the intrinsic qualities of men and women can be powerful drivers of individual aptitudes, aspirations, and affinities. We offer an illustrative catalog of stereotypes that support women’s STEM-avoidance and men’s STEM-affinity, and we conclude with some thoughts on policy implications. Keywords: gender; STEM; segregation; stereotypes; culture; work; occupations; science; inequality For more than three decades, American educators, policy makers, activists, and business leaders have engaged in research and policy initiatives to increase the presence of women and other underrepresented groups in scientific, technical, engineering, and mathematical (STEM) occupations and fields of study. These efforts have been motivated by interests in broadening opportunities in lucrative, high-status occupations and in ameliorating acute STEM labor shortages that are believed to threaten national prosperity, private profits and the public welfare.