DISTINGUISHED CHARACTERISTICS OF VISUAL QUALITIES

Name: Nas Wanie bt. Muhamad Nazri Matric number: 1218724 Mughal architecture is influenced by Persian, Islamic as well as Hindu architecture:

Hindu architecture influences: 1. Stone construction. 2. Shallow arches made out of corbels. 3. Ornamented carved piers and columns and stone screens.

Persian architecture influences: 1. Extensive use of tile-work. 2. The iwan as a central feature in mosques. 3. The charbagh or garden, divided into four parts. 4. The use of domes

CHARACTERISTICS • The Mughal synthesis exhibited many variations and characteristics including: - Perfect or near perfect radial or bilateral symmetry - Red sandstone with white marble inlays or, later, pure white marble surfaces - Geometric ornament - Domes which are slightly pointed instead of hemispherical ones - Garden surroundings (The design of gardens is one of the most important aspects of Mughal architecture which provided the setting for tombs and palaces and also helped for relaxation) - Slightly pointed rather than hemispherical domes.

INTERESTING VISUAL QUALITIES

• The decoration of the buildings was basically done with ceramic tilework, pietra dura inlay with coloured and semi-precious stones, carved and inlaid stonework. • Carved stonework is another interesting feature in the Mughal architecture, ranging from shallow relief depictions of flowers to intricate pierced-marble screens known as jalis. • The stone quite often associated with the Mughal architecture is white marble, which can be seen in the magnificence of the Taj Mahal. Examples of Mughal Architecture influences

Taj Mahal is regarded as the finest example of Mughal architecture (white domed marble) Akbar's Tomb, 1605-1612, Sikandra (the Jehangir Tomb, 17th century, Lahore, use bilateral symmetry) Pakistan. (Red sandstone with white marble inlay and later, pure white marble surfaces)

Persian style garden layout Pavilion in Shalimar Garden, Pakistan.