Gluteal Muscles

GlutealGlutealMuscles Muscles 1.1.1.GluteusGluteusGluteus maximusmaximusmaximus... 2.2.2.GluteusGluteusGluteus mediusmediusmedius... 3.3.3.GluteusGluteusGluteus minimusminimusminimus... 4.4.4.TensorTensorTensor fasciaefasciaefasciae lataelataelatae... 5.5.5.Piriformis.PiriformisPiriformis.. 6.6.6.SuperiorSuperiorSuperior gemellusgemellusgemellus... 7.7.7.InferiorInferiorInferior gemellusgemellusgemellus... 8.8.8.ObturatorObturatorObturator internusinternus internus... 9.9.9.QuadratusQuadratusQuadratus femorisfemoris femoris...

GluteusGluteus maximusmaximus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. OuterOuter surfacesurface ofof iliumiliumilium... 2.2. PosteriorPosterior surfacesurface ofof sacrum.sacrum. 3.3. SacrotuberousSacrotuberous ligament.ligament. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: 1.1. IlioIlio Ilio-tibial--tibialtibial tract.tract. 2.2. GlutealGluteal tuberositytuberosity ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: InferiorInferior glutealgluteal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. ExtensionExtension ofof thethe hiphip joint.joint. B.B. LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe hiphip joint.joint. C.C. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe extendedextended kneeknee joint.joint.

GluteusGluteus mediusmedius ¾¾ Origin:Origin: OuterOuter surfacesurface ofof iliumiliumilium... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: LateralLateral surfacesurface ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femurfemur ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SuperiorSuperior glutealgluteal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thighthigh (with(with gluteusgluteus minimusminimus andand tensortensor fasciaefasciae lataelataelatae).).). B.B. MedialMedial rotationrotation ofof thethe thithigghh ((anterioranterior fibersfibers))..

GluteusGluteus minimusminimus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: OuterOuter surfacesurface ofof iliumiliumilium... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: AnteriorAnterior surfacesurface ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femurfemur ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SuperiorSuperior glutealgluteal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thighthigh (with(with gluteusgluteus mediusmedius andand tensortensor fasciaefasciae lataelataelatae).).). B.B. MedialMedial rotationrotation ofof thethe thithigghh ((anterioranterior fibersfibers))..

TensorTensor FasciaeFasciae LataeLatae ¾¾ Origin:Origin: OuterOuter liplip ofof iliaciliac crest.crest. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ThroughThrough thethe ilioilioilio-tibial--tibialtibial tracttract toto thethe laterallateral condylecondyle ofof thethe tibiatibia ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SuperiorSuperior glutealgluteal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thighthigh (with(with gluteusgluteus mediusmedius andand minimusminimusminimus).).). B.B. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe extendedextended kneeknee (with(with gluteusgluteus maximusmaximusmaximus).).).

PiriformisPiriformis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: AnteriorAnterior surfacesurface ofof thethe 22ndnd,, 33rdrd andand 44thth sacralsacral vertebrae.vertebrae. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper borderborder ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femurfemur ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: AnteriorAnterior ramirami ofof thethe 11stst andand 22ndnd sacralsacral nerves.nerves. ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thighthigh (hip(hip joint).joint).

SuperiorSuperior gemellusgemellus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: SpineSpine ofof ischiumischiumischium... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ThroughThrough thethe tendontendon ofof thethe obturatorobturator internusinternus internus,,, itit isis insertedinserted intointo thethe upperupper borderborder ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: NerveNerve toto obturatorobturator internusinternus internus... ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thighthigh (hip(hip joint).joint).

InferiorInferior gemellusgemellus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: UpperUpper marginmargin ofof ischialischial tuberositytuberosity tuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ThroughThrough thethe tendontendon ofof thethe obturatorobturator internusinternus internus,,, itit isis insertedinserted intointo thethe upperupper borderborder ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve SupplySupplySupply::: NerveNerve toto quadratusquadratus femorisfemoris femoris... ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thighthigh (hip(hip joint).joint).

ObturatorObturatorinternusinternus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: InnerInner surfacesurface ofof obturatorobturator membranemembrane andand surroundingsurrounding bones.bones. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper borderborder ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochanter ofof femurfemur ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: NerveNerve toto obturatorobturator internusinternus internus... ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thighthigh (hip(hip joint).joint).

QuadratusQuadratusFemorisFemoris ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LateralLateral borderborder ofof ischialischial tuberositytuberosity tuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: QuadrateQuadrate tubercletubercle ofof thethe femurfemur ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: NerveNerve toto quadratusquadratus femorisfemoris femoris... ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thighthigh (hip(hip joint).joint).

Muscles of the Anterior Muscles:Muscles: Compartment of the Thigh 1.1.1.Sartorius.Sartorius.Sartorius. 2.2.2.Iliacus.IliacusIliacus.. 3.3.3.PsoasPsoasPsoas major.major. 4.4.4.Pectineus.PectineusPectineus.. 5.5.5.QuadricepsQuadricepsQuadriceps FemorisFemorisFemoris...

SartoriusSartorius ¾¾ Origin:Origin: AnteriorAnterior superiorsuperior iliaciliac spine.spine. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper partpart ofof thethe medialmedial surfacesurface ofof thethe shaftshaft ofof thethe tibia.tibia. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. Flexion,Flexion, abductionabduction andand laterallateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. FlexionFlexion andand medialmedial rotationrotation ofof thethe leg.leg.

IliacusIliacus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: IliacIliac fossafossafossa... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: LesserLesser trochantertrochanter ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A.A.FlexionFlexionFlexion ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B.B.HelpsHelpsHelps inin MedialMedial rotationrotation ofof thigh.thigh.

PsoasPsoasmajormajor ¾¾ Origin:Origin: TransverseTransverse processesprocesses andand sidessides fromfrom 1212thth thoracicthoracic toto 55thth lumbarlumbar vertebrae.vertebrae. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: LesserLesser trochantertrochanter ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: BranchesBranches fromfrom lumbarlumbar plexus.plexus. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. HelpsHelps inin MedialMedial rotationrotation ofof thigh.thigh.

PectineusPectineus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: SuperiorSuperior pubicpubic ramusramusramus... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper endend ofof linealinea asperaaspera ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: 1.1. FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. 2.2. ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. AdductionAdduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

QuadricepsQuadriceps FemorisFemoris RectusRectus FemorisFemoris ¾¾ Origin:Origin: Ant.Ant. Sup.Sup. IliacIliac SpineSpine ++ IliumIlium aboveabove acetabulumacetabulum ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: QuadricepsQuadriceps tendontendon andand patella.patella. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe kneeknee joint.joint.

QuadricepsQuadriceps FemorisFemoris VastusVastus LateralisLateralis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: InterInterInter-trochanteric--trochanterictrochanteric lineline ++ linealinea asperaaspera ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: QuadricepsQuadriceps tendontendon andand patella.patella. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe kneeknee joint.joint. QuadricepsQuadriceps FemorisFemoris VastusVastus MedialisMedialis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: InterInterInter-trochanteric--trochanterictrochanteric lineline ++ linealinea asperaaspera ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: QuadricepsQuadriceps tendontendon andand patella.patella. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe kneeknee joint.joint. QuadricepsQuadriceps FemorisFemoris VastusVastus IntermediusIntermedius ¾¾ Origin:Origin: AnteriorAnterior andand laterallateral surfacessurfaces ofof thethe shaftshaft ofof thethe femurfemur ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: QuadricepsQuadriceps tendontendon andand patella.patella. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: FemoralFemoral nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe kneeknee joint.joint.

Muscles of the Medial Muscles:Muscles: Compartment of the Thigh 1.1.1.Gracilis.GracilisGracilis.. 2.2.2.AdductorAdductorAdductor longuslonguslongus... 3.3.3.AdductorAdductorAdductor brevisbrevisbrevis... 4.4.4.AdductorAdductorAdductor magnusmagnusmagnus... 5.5.5.ObturatorObturatorObturator externusexternus externus...

GracilisGracilis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: InferiorInferior pubicpubic ramusramus andand ischialischial ramusramus ramus... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper partpart ofof thethe medialmedial surfacesurface ofof thethe shaftshaft ofof thethe tibia.tibia. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: ObturatorObturator nervenerve ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe leg.leg.

AdductorAdductor LongusLongus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: BodyBody ofof thethe pubicpubic bone.bone. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: LineaLinea asperaaspera ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. HelpsHelps inin medialmedial rotationrotation ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

AdductorAdductor BrevisBrevis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: InferiorInferior pubicpubic ramusramusramus... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: LineaLinea asperaaspera ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: A.A. AbductionAbduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh. B.B. HelpsHelps inin medialmedial rotationrotation ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

AdductorAdductor MagnusMagnus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: fromfrom InferiorInferior pubicpubic ramusramusramus... 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: fromfrom IschialIschial ramusramus andand ischialischial tuberositytuberositytuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: PosteriorPosterior surfacesurface ofof femoralfemoral shaftshaft 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: AdductorAdductor tubercletubercle ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: SciaticSciatic nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: AdductionAdduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh. 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

ObturatorObturatorExternus Externus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. OuterOuter surfacesurface ofof obturatorobturator membrane.membrane. 2.2. PubicPubic andand ischialischial ramirami rami... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: MedialMedial surfacesurface ofof thethe greatergreater trochantertrochantertrochanter... ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: LateralLateral rotationrotation ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Thigh HamstringHamstringHamstring Muscles:.Muscles:.Muscles:. 1.1.1.BicepsBicepsBiceps femorisfemorisfemoris... 2.2.2.Semitendinosus.SemitendinosusSemitendinosus.. 3.3.3.Semimembranosus.SemimembranosusSemimembranosus.. 4.4.4.IschialIschialIschial headhead ofof AdductorAdductor magnusmagnusmagnus...

BicepsBiceps FemorisFemoris ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. LongLong head:head: IschialIschial tuberositytuberosity tuberosity... 2.2. ShortShort head:head: linealinea asperaaspera andand laterallateral suprasuprasupra-condylar--condylarcondylar ridgeridge ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: TheThe headhead ofof thethe fibula.fibula. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SciaticSciatic nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. FlexionFlexion andand laterallateral rotationrotation ofof thethe leg.leg. 2.2. LongLong headhead extendsextends thethe thigh.thigh.

SemitendinosusSemitendinosus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: TheThe ischialischial tuberositytuberosity tuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: UpperUpper partpart ofof thethe medialmedial surfacesurface ofof thethe shaftshaft ofof thethe tibia.tibia. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SciaticSciatic nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. FlexionFlexion andand medialmedial rotationrotation ofof thethe leg.leg. 2.2. ExtensionExtension ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

SemimembranosusSemimembranosus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: TheThe ischialischial tuberositytuberosity tuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: PosteromedialPosteromedial surfacesurface ofof thethe laterallateral condylecondyle ofof thethe tibiatibia andand (oblique(oblique poplitealpopliteal ligament).ligament). ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SciaticSciatic nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. FlexionFlexion andand medialmedial rotationrotation ofof thethe leg.leg. 2.2. ExtensionExtension ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

AbductorAbductor MagnusMagnus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: fromfrom InferiorInferior pubicpubic ramusramusramus... 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: fromfrom IschialIschial ramusramus andand ischialischial tuberositytuberositytuberosity... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: PosteriorPosterior surfacesurface ofof femoralfemoral shaftshaft 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: AdductorAdductor tubercletubercle ofof thethe femur.femur. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: ObturatorObturator nerve.nerve. 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: SciaticSciatic nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PubicPubic part:part: AdductionAdduction ofof thethe thigh.thigh. 2.2. IschialIschial part:part: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe thigh.thigh.

Muscles of the Anterior Compartment of the Leg Muscles:.Muscles:.Muscles:. 1.1.1.TibialisTibialisTibialis anterior.anterior. 2.2.2.ExtensorExtensorExtensor digitorumdigitorum longuslonguslongus... 3.3.3.PeroneusPeroneusPeroneus tertiustertius tertius... 4.4.4.ExtensorExtensorExtensor hallucishallucis longuslongus longus...

TibialisTibialisAnterior Anterior ¾¾ Origin:Origin: UpperUpper halfhalf ofof laterallateral surfacesurface ofof tibiatibia andand interosseousinterosseous membrane.membrane. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: MedialMedial cuneiformcuneiform andand basebase ofof 11stst metatarsal.metatarsal. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: DeepDeep peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. DorsiflexionDorsiflexion andand inversioninversion ofof thethe foot.foot. 2.2. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe medialmedial longitudinallongitudinal archarch ofof thethe foot.foot.

ExtensorExtensorExtensor DigitorumDigitorumDigitorumLongusLongus Longus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: UpperUpper 2/32/3 ofof anterioranterior surfacesurface ofof fibulafibula andand interosseousinterosseous membrane.membrane. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ExtensorExtensor expansionsexpansions ofof thethe laterallateral 44 toes.toes. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: DeepDeep peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. ExtensionExtension ofof thethe laterallateral 44 toes.toes. 2.2. DorsiflexionDorsiflexion ofof thethe foot.foot.

PeroneusPeroneusTertius Tertius ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LowerLower 1/31/3 ofof anterioranterior surfacesurface ofof fibulafibula andand interosseousinterosseous membrane.membrane. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: MedialMedial sideside ofof thethe dorsaldorsal aspectaspect ofof thethe basebase ofof 55thth metatarsalmetatarsal bone.bone. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: DeepDeep peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. DorsiflexionDorsiflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint). 2.2. EversionEversion ofof thethe footfoot (sub(sub(sub-talar--talartalar joints).joints).

ExtensorExtensor HallucisHallucis LongusLongus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: MiddleMiddle halfhalf ofof anterioranterior surfacesurface ofof fibulafibula andand interosseousinterosseous membrane.membrane. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: BaseBase ofof thethe distaldistal phalanxphalanx ofof thethe bigbig toe.toe. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: DeepDeep peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. ExtensionExtension ofof thethe bigbig toe.toe. 2.2. DorsiflexionDorsiflexion andand inversioninversion ofof thethe foot.foot.

Muscles of the Lateral Compartment of the Leg MusclesMusclesMuscles 1.1.1.PeroneusPeroneusPeroneus longuslongus longus... 2.2.2.PeroneusPeroneusPeroneus brevisbrevis brevis...

PeroneusPeroneusLongusLongus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: UpperUpper 2/32/3 ofof laterallateral surfacesurface ofof fibula.fibula. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: MedialMedial cuneiformcuneiform andand basebase ofof thethe 11stst metatarsalmetatarsal bone.bone. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SuperficialSuperficial peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint). 2.2. EversionEversion ofof thethe footfoot (sub(sub(sub-talar--talartalar joints).joints). 3.3. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe laterallateral longitudinallongitudinal andand transversetransverse archesarches ofof thethe foot.foot.

PeroneusPeroneusBrevis Brevis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LowerLower 2/32/3 ofof laterallateral surfacesurface ofof fibula.fibula. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: BaseBase ofof thethe 55thth metatarsalmetatarsal bone.bone. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: SuperficialSuperficial peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint). 2.2. EversionEversion ofof thethe footfoot (sub(sub(sub-talar--talartalar joints).joints). 3.3. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe laterallateral longitudinallongitudinal archarch ofof thethe foot.foot.

Muscles of the Posterior Compartment of the Leg SuperficialSuperficial MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.Gastrocnemius.GastrocnemiusGastrocnemius.. 2.2.2.Plantaris.PlantarisPlantaris.. 3.3.3.Soleus.SoleusSoleus.. GastrocnemiusGastrocnemius ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. LateralLateral head:head: LateralLateral condylecondyle ofof femur.femur. 2.2. MedialMedial head:head: PoplitealPopliteal surfacesurface ofof femurfemur aboveabove thethe medialmedial condylecondylecondyle... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ThroughThrough tendocalcaneustendocalcaneus toto thethe posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof thethe calcaneumcalcaneumcalcaneum... ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint). 2.2. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe legleg (knee(knee joint).joint).

PlantarisPlantaris ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LateralLateral suprasuprasupra-condylar--condylarcondylar ridgeridge ofof femur.femur. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: PosteriorPosterior surfacesurface ofof thethe calcaneumcalcaneumcalcaneum... ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint). 2.2. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe legleg (knee(knee joint).joint).

SoleusSoleus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: 1.1. SolealSoleal lineline ofof tibia.tibia. 2.2. UpperUpper ¼¼ ofof posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof fibula.fibula. 3.3. FibrousFibrous archarch betweenbetween tibiatibia andand fibula.fibula. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: ThroughThrough tendocalcaneustendocalcaneus toto thethe posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof thethe calcaneumcalcaneumcalcaneum... ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe footfoot (ankle(ankle joint).joint).

DeepDeep MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.Popliteus.PopliteusPopliteus.. 2.2.2.FlexorFlexorFlexor digitorumdigitorum longuslonguslongus... 3.3.3.FlexorFlexorFlexor hallucishallucis longuslongus longus... 4.4.4.TibialisTibialisTibialis posterior.posterior. PopliteusPopliteus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LateralLateral surfacesurface ofof laterallateral condylecondyle ofof femurfemur ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: PosteriorPosterior surfacesurface ofof tibiatibia aboveabove solealsoleal line.line. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: MedialMedial rotationrotation ofof tibiatibia onon femurfemur (unlocking(unlocking ofof kneeknee joint)joint)

FlexorFlexor DigitorumDigitorum LongusLongus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: MedialMedial partpart ofof thethe posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof thethe tibiatibia belowbelow thethe solealsoleal lineline ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: BasesBases ofof thethe distaldistal phalangesphalanges ofof thethe laterallateral 44 toes.toes. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe laterallateral 44 toes.toes. 2.2. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe foot.foot. 3.3. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe longitudinallongitudinal arches.arches.

FlexorFlexor HallucisHallucis LongusLongus ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LowerLower 2/32/3 ofof thethe posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof thethe shaftshaft ofof thethe fibula.fibula. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: BaseBase ofof thethe distaldistal phalanxphalanx ofof thethe bigbig toe.toe. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. FlexionFlexion ofof thethe bigbig toe.toe. 2.2. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion ofof thethe foot.foot. 3.3. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof thethe longitudinallongitudinal arches.arches.

TibialisTibialis PosteriorPosterior ¾¾ Origin:Origin: LateralLateral partpart ofof thethe posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof thethe tibia,tibia, interosseousinterosseous membranemembrane andand posteriorposterior surfacesurface ofof fibula.fibula. ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: MainlyMainly toto thethe navicularnavicular bone.bone. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: TibialTibial Nerve.Nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: 1.1. PlantarPlantar flexionflexion andand inversioninversion ofof thethe foot.foot. 2.2. MaintenanceMaintenance ofof medialmedial longitudinallongitudinal arch.arch.

Muscle of the Dorsum of the Foot MusclesMusclesMuscles 1.1.1.ExtensorExtensorExtensor digitorumdigitorum brevisbrevisbrevis... ExtensorExtensor DigitorumDigitorum BrevisBrevis ¾¾ Origin:Origin: UpperUpper surfacesurface ofof thethe calcaneumcalcaneumcalcaneum... ¾¾ Insertion:Insertion: BaseBase ofof proximalproximal phalanxphalanx ofof thethe bigbig toetoe andand extensorextensor expansionsexpansions ofof thethe 22ndnd,, 33rdrd andand 44thth toes.toes. ¾¾ NerveNerve Supply:Supply: DeepDeep peronealperoneal nerve.nerve. ¾¾ Action:Action: ExtensionExtension ofof thethe medialmedial 44 toes.toes.

Muscles of the Sole of the Foot

11stst LayerLayer MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.AbductorAbductorAbductor hallucishallucishallucis... 2.2.2.FlexorFlexorFlexor digitorumdigitorum brevisbrevisbrevis... 3.3.3.AbductorAbductorAbductor digitidigiti minimiminimiminimi...

22ndnd LayerLayer MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.QuadratusQuadratusQuadratus plantaeplantae plantae... 2.2.2.Lumbricals.LumbricalsLumbricals.. 3.3.3.TendonTendonTendon ofof flexorflexor digitorumdigitorumdigitorum longuslonguslongus... 4.4.4.TendonTendonTendon ofof flexorflexor hallucishallucishallucis longuslonguslongus...

33rdrd LayerLayer MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.FlexorFlexorFlexor hallucishallucis brevisbrevisbrevis... 2.2.2.AdductorAdductorAdductor hallucishallucishallucis... 3.3.3.FlexorFlexorFlexor digitidigiti minimiminimi brevisbrevisbrevis...

44thth LayerLayer MusclesMuscles 1.1.1.PlantarPlantarPlantar interosseiinterosseiinterossei... 2.2.2.DorsalDorsalDorsal interosseiinterosseiinterossei... 3.3.3.TendonTendonTendon ofof peroneusperoneus longuslonguslongus... 4.4.4.TendonTendonTendon ofofof tibialistibialistibialis posterior.posterior.