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Central Business District [Teacher Notes] Liberal Studies Teaching Kit for Senior Secondary Curriculum Visit: Central Central Business District [Teacher notes] Organizer Sponsor Research Team Contents Liberal Studies | Preamble Visit: Central - Business District Visit: Teaching plan i Visit: Central - Central Business District 1.1 Itinerary 01 1.2 Background information of Central 03 1.3 How did Central grow into a CBD? 04 1.4 Check points 1 Statue Square 05 2 Court of Final Appeal (Former French Mission Building) 07 3 HSBC Main Building 08 4 Government Hill 10 5 New Government Complex 12 Summary, Key words and Further reading 14 Disclaimer Create Hong Kong of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region provides funding support to the project only, and does not otherwise take part in the project. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in these materials/events (or by members of the project team) do not reflect the views of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Communication and Technology Branch of the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau, Create Hong Kong, the CreateSmart Initiative Secretariat or the CreateSmart Initiative Vetting Committee. Topic 06 Visit: Central - Central Business District Major teaching areas Liberal Studies Module 2 Hong Kong Today • Theme 1: Quality of life • Theme 2: Rule of law and socio-political participation • Theme 3: Identity Related teaching areas Liberal Studies | Liberal Studies: Module 6 Energy Technology and Environment • Theme 2: The environment and sustainable development Liberal Studies: Module 3 Modern China Central - Business District Visit: • Theme 2: Chinese culture and modern life Interdisciplinary teaching areas Visual Arts: • Visual Arts Appreciation and Criticism in context Design and Technology: • Strand 1 Design and Innovation • Strand 3 Value and Impact Learning objectives • To appreciate the iconic architecture in Central, the central business district • To identify political, financial and social impacts on the form of architecture, and in reverse how architecture shows the past and the present of Hong Kong Teaching plan Lesson Contents Visit • 1.1 Planned itinerary for the field trip • 1.2 Background information of Central Central Central Business District • 1.3 Historical background of how Central was developed into a central business district • 1.4 Significance of the development of Central 1 Statue Square - the major public space 2 Court of Final Appeal - the rule of law 3 HSBC Main Building - the financial centre 4 Government Hill - the political centre in history 5 New Government Complex - the heart of political administration i 1.1 Itinerary Liberal Studies | Visit: Central - Business District Visit: 5 1 2 3 4 Pre-Trip Introduction (20 min) • Background information of Central • Objectives and introduction of on-site exercises • Planned route VISIT (approximately 2 hours) 15 min 15 min 10 min 40 min 40 min 1 2 3 4 5 Statue Square Old Supreme Court (For- HSBC Main Building Government Hill New Government mer Legislative Council Complex Building) 01 Features along the route Route Liberal Studies — Central — Central Business District Points of interest 1. Statue Square • Urban development from the colonial period • Political implication of the public space • Seafront reclamation • Globalization • Social and cultural use of public spaces 2. Old Supreme Court • Architecture from the colonial period (Former Legislative Council • Conservation of historic buildings Building) • Globalization — Western/Classical style • Importance of the rule of law Liberal Studies | 3. HSBC Main Building • Architecture from the colonial period • International identity of Hong Kong • Globalization — High-tech architecture • Economic and financial development in Hong Kong • Feng Shui considerations Central - Business District Visit: • Use of public space for social purposes 4. Government Hill • Political and administrative status of the building cluster in the past • Past identity of British colonial government • Low profile image of the government • Globalization — Modernism • Conservation and revitalization of historic buildings 5. New Government Complex • Political and administrative status of the building in the present • Shift of political power • Reflecting the present sovereignty of Hong Kong • Identity of Hong Kong Government at present • A more prominent visual presence for the Government • Globalization — Post-modernism 02 1.2 Background Information: Central Central - the development in the heart of an international city © Gwulo Liberal Studies | Central as the political and cultural centre The Financial Centre Central has been the cultural and political centre of Hong Due to the open economic policy exercised by the Kong since 1841 under the British rule. Globalization has former British colonial government, tremendous foreign profound influence as in the following aspects: investment was attracted to Hong Kong. As a famous entrepôt in the world, Central has been regarded as the Central - Business District Visit: Major Public Space CBD (Central Business District) with concentration of office As the heart of political and administrative matters, as towers, facilitating the trading and communication process. well as living and trading, a number of public parks were Iconic buildings were erected to represent the economic built in Central since 19th century by the British colonial forces behind. These landmark buildings mostly adopt government. The current Chater Garden was the former western architectural or modern style, making Central one cricket ground for British, while the Statue Square was a of the most distinctive metropolises in the world. place for political and military parade during the colonial period. These parks now become popular ground for The increasing commercial connectivity between countries leisure as well as public demonstration. lead to the blooming infrastructure development in Hong Kong, and especially in Central. Both inter- and intra-city The Heart of Political and Administrative Control transportation networks are located in Central for easy The concentration of government offices and buildings accessibility. showcases Central as the heart of political and administrative centre in the past 171 years. The building Intra-district network: Central walkway system, Mid-Levels cluster on the Government Hill and its central axis escalator pointing towards the Victoria Harbour display the former Intra-city network: MTR, Ferry, Bus, Tram British government’s authority over the colony. Important Inter-city network: Hong Kong Station (to the airport) government buildings like the Government House, the Central Government Offices, the Former French Mission Building and the Old Supreme Court created a closely articulated political setting that controls the political and Globalization & Localization administrative aspects of Hong Kong. 1. Globalization is a worldwide standardization in cultural, social, economical, political and The significance of the Anglican Church for the British technological aspects through exchanging and government is symbolized by placing the St. John’s integrating international knowledge and principles Cathedral on the Government Hill. among region. After the handover of the sovereignty of Hong Kong in 2. Localization is a development process that is guided 1997, the political significance has been shifted away from by the customs, culture, social and economic the Government Hill. In 2012, the Central Government conditions of a particular geographical area. Complex at Tamar is officially in use. It is located right next to the People’s Liberation Army Hong Kong Building. 03 1.3 How did Central grow into a CBD? © Gwulo What is a CBD? [Discussion] A central business district (CBD) is an area of very high 1 What are the characteristics of a CBD? Liberal Studies | land valuation characterized by a high concentration of retail businesses, service businesses, offices, theatres, and hotels, and by a very high traffic flow. Suggested answer (Source: U.S. Census Bureau) Major Characteristics: • High accessibility • High rent Central - Business District Visit: Historical factors • High plot ratio Central was known as part of Victoria City when the colony • High development density was founded in 1841. It was first chosen to be city’s major • Presence and concentration of tall buildings military and administration centre. Over the years, Central • Node of major commercial activity had attracted traders, missionaries and people from all • Presence of bank headquarters walks of life, paving the path for future development, • Presence of financial firms renewal and reclamation work. • Presence of multi-national corporations Efficient finance and transport hub 2 Name 3 office tower buildings that are owned by Since the early days, the vitality and accessibility of Central international firms or designed by internationally have always appealed to foreign traders and professionals. known architects. It has become a hub of world-class service providers and a Suggested answer coordinator of global economic activities such as financing, • HSBC Main Building Tower by Lord Norman consulting, accounting and law. Roads and railways were Foster built to link Central efficiently to other parts of the city and • Bank of China Tower by I. M. Pei. the present Chek Lap Kok International Airport. • Cheung Kong Tower by César Pelli • IFC2 by César Pelli A wealth of world-class modern and historic architecture • Citibank Plaza by Rocco Yim
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