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The Metaphysical Poet: John Donne and His Religious Experience in Poetry
ORIGINAL ARTICLE © UIJIR | ISSN (O) - 2582-6417 June 2020 | Vol. 1 Issue.1 www.uijir.com THE METAPHYSICAL POET: JOHN DONNE AND HIS RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE IN POETRY DR. MUNA SHRESTHA Assistant Professor of Tribhuvan University, Nepal Mahendra Multiple Campus, Nepalgun, Nepal E-Mail:[email protected] ABSTRACT This paper tries to interpret John Donne’s as a religious poet. His works are better understood through the optic of Biblical knowledge, the backdrop of God’s revelation of Himself. A poet’s heart is filled with sympathy by the Spirit of his Maker and mind is illumined by His Word recognizes a much deeper sense of inspiring reality. In his poems, Donne uses the most effective and intimate of words to express his relation with God. The metaphysical poetry not only explains the existence of earthly things, but also reveals the religious significance of unnoticed or hitherto unappreciated aspects of temporal things. He also portrays satire in his poetry that deal the problem of true religion and it is a matter of great importance to Donne. He argues that it is better to examine carefully one's religious beliefs than blindly to follow any established tradition. Key words: John Donne, metaphysical poetry, religious, God. 1. INTRODUCTION English metaphysical poetry is the richest and most widely ranging in the language. Its style was most enthusiastic in the seventeenth century and it not only brought the best devotional poetry but also the finest lyrics, satires, pastorals and visionary meditations of that era (Edwin Honig). The poets gave the signal to the readers to enter into a new empire of poetry with a sense of attachment and belonging between different objects of nature and human sentiments, feeling and passion. -
An Appendix on Criticism of Donne's Writings
An Appendix on Criticism of Donne's Writings I RESPONSES BEFORE THE TWENTIETH CENTURY The fullest accessible collection of such responses is A. J. Smith's volume John Donne: The Critical Heritage (1975). A slighter selection may be found in F. Kermode (ed.) Discussions of John Donne (Boston, 1962). The 'Elegies on the Authors Death' printed with Miles Flesher's Poems by J.D. (1633) and reprinted by H. Grierson in Donne's Poetical Works (1912) provide an interesting illustration of the 'image' of Donne by the time of his death. R. Granqvist's The Reputation of John Donne 1779-1873 is a useful discussion of the reception of Donne's work in the nineteenth century. Such items allow a reader to chart movemen~s in Donne's reputation from the seventeenth century to the end of the nine teenth. They also provide insights into what aspects of Donne's work were of most interest and thereby illustrate both features of taste in earlier centuries and some of the ways in which texts are conditional rather than transcendental. Finally, taken together, such items subvert the once-common view that Donne was essen tially re-invented by the twentieth century, which is not to deny that Donne in our time is a rather different figure from the Donnes of earlier periods. II. DISCUSSIONS OF THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY Some useful material is to be found in Kermode' s Discussions (above) and in J. Lovelock (ed.) Donne: Songs and Sonets (Casebook series, 1973). Two documents are particularly important in the history of Donne criticism: Grierson's introduction to his edition of the poems (above) and T. -
The Songs and Sonets of John Donne: an Essay on Mutability
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1967 The onS gs and Sonets of John Donne: an Essay on Mutability. Barbara Ann Maynard Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Maynard, Barbara Ann, "The onS gs and Sonets of John Donne: an Essay on Mutability." (1967). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 1304. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/1304 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received ^ 13,999 MAYNARD, Barbara Ann, 1935- THE SONGS AND SONETS OF JOHN DONNE: AN ESSAY ON MUTABILITY. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Ph.D., 1967 Language and Literature, general Please note: Name in vita is Barbara Kehoe Maynard. University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE SONGS AND SONETS OF JOHN DONNE: AN ESSAY ON MUTABILITY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of English by Barbara Ann Maynard M.A., Louisiana State University, 1959 May, 1967 FOREWORD The number of poems included in the Songs and Sonets varies from editor to editor; accurate dating of the poems is impossible. -
1 John Donne from Songs and Sonnets John Donne (1572-1631) Was an English Poet and Anglican Cleric, Becoming Dean of Saint Paul
1 John Donne From Songs and Sonnets John Donne (1572-1631) was an English poet and Anglican cleric, becoming Dean of Saint Paul’s Cathedral in London in 1621. He is known for his early poetry, written in what has become known as the “metaphysical” style. His poetry marks a change from the Elizabethan fluidity and classical reference of Spenser and Shakespeare to a more rugged and colloquial style of poetry that would have its followers through the next several centuries. Donne’s early love poetry was collected in Songs and Sonnets (1633), from which the following poems are taken. The Flea Mark but this flea, and mark in this, How little that which thou deniest me is; It suck'd me first, and now sucks thee, And in this flea our two bloods mingled be. Thou know'st that this cannot be said 5 A sin, nor shame, nor loss of maidenhead; Yet this enjoys before it woo, And pamper'd swells with one blood made of two; And this, alas ! is more than we would do. O stay, three lives in one flea spare, 10 Where we almost, yea, more than married are. This flea is you and I, and this Our marriage bed, and marriage temple is. Though parents grudge, and you, we're met, And cloister'd in these living walls of jet. 15 Though use make you apt to kill me, Let not to that self-murder added be, And sacrilege, three sins in killing three. Cruel and sudden, hast thou since Purpled thy nail in blood of innocence? 20 Wherein could this flea guilty be, Except in that drop which it suck'd from thee? Yet thou triumph'st, and say'st that thou Find'st not thyself nor me the weaker now. -
Loss , Love and Geographical Imagination in Donne's Poetry
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research University of Al-Qadisiyah College of Education Department of English Loss , Love and Geographical Imagination in Donne's Poetry Submitted By Fatima Latif Salman Nabad Ahmad Marzah Supervised By Lect. Ahmed Abdul Hussein Chiyad May 2018 Dedication This work is dedicated to our dear parents for their patience, help, understanding and support during all the years of our studies Also, I dedicate this work to our best friends It is dedicated to all whom we love without exception. ii Acknowledgements In the name of Allah, Allah who teaches us with pen and teaches human beings what they do not know. May peace be upon our prophet Muhammad, the noblest human being and the teacher of all people in the world. He is a chosen prophet who has most fluent tongue. All praise and gratitude be to Allah having power upon all people on earth, giving the inspirations, health, and power to me, so I can finally finish this Dissertation. We very grateful to my supervisor, Lect. Ahmed Abdul Hussein for showing us the way to the generative level, for all his encouraging support and for being an inexhaustible source of helpful comments. iii Contents Dedication ii Acknowledgements iii Contents iv Abstract v Chapter One Jonne Donne's Life and Career 1 Notes 6 Chapter Two Loss , Love and Geographical Imagination in Donne's Poetry 8 Notes 15 Conclusion 17 Bibliography 18 iv Abstract John Donne is acknowledged as the master of metaphysical poetry and is admired for his talent and magnificent wit exercised in his writing. -
THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY META Apresentar Um Panorama Histórico Contextualizado Sobre a Poesia Metafísica E Seus Principais Representantes
Aula 2 THE METAPHYSICAL POETRY META Apresentar um panorama histórico contextualizado sobre a poesia metafísica e seus principais representantes. OBJETIVOS Ao final desta aula, o aluno deverá: Reconhecer e identificar os principais elementos da poesia metafísica, tal como se encontram inscritos nos poemas de John Donne. PRÉ-REQUISITOS Familiaridade com a problemática do conceito de Literatura; O contexto sócio-histórico da formação da história da literatura inglesa. Luiz Eduardo Oliveira Literatura de Língua Inglesa II INTRODUÇÃO Nesta segunda aula, conheceremos mais de perto a produção poética de John Donne, o contexto no qual produziu suas obras, um pouco de sua biografia e, finalmente sua recepção e apreciação crítica. Trabalharemos, ao final da aula, com o poema, “Elegy XX”, que foi traduzido para o português em pleno século XX por Augusto de Campos e musicado por Caetano Veloso (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YX4K5Beibc). Observaremos a sua complexidade de sua estrutura, o uso inusitado de imagens e metáforas, as referências ao momento sócio-histórico e, cla- ro, sua beleza poética, maracada pela fluidez do seu ritmo e a sonoridade cristalina de suas rimas. John Donne is regarded as both the pioneer and the chief spokesperson of metaphysical poetry. Robert Browning rightly complemented on Donne‘s poetic proliferation by the words: ―Who was the Prince of wits, amongst whom he reign‘d / High as a Prince, and as great State maintain‘d?”. Donne had a prosperous literary life, garnished with numerous love poems, songs, sonnets, elegies, satires, sermons, religious verse and treatises but a majority of Donne‘s poetical works were published posthumously, barring a few like The Anniversaries (1612) and Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions (1623). -
The Metaphysical Poet: John Donne and His Religious Experience in Poetry
ORIGINAL ARTICLE © UIJIR | ISSN (O) - XXXX-XXXX June 2020 | Vol. 1 Issue.1 www.uijir.com THE METAPHYSICAL POET: JOHN DONNE AND HIS RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE IN POETRY DR. MUNA SHRESTHA Assistant Professor of Tribhuvan University, Nepal Mahendra Multiple Campus, Nepalgun, Nepal E-Mail:[email protected] ABSTRACT This paper tries to interpret John Donne’s as a religious poet. His works are better understood through the optic of Biblical knowledge, the backdrop of God’s revelation of Himself. A poet’s heart is filled with sympathy by the Spirit of his Maker and mind is illumined by His Word recognizes a much deeper sense of inspiring reality. In his poems, Donne uses the most effective and intimate of words to express his relation with God. The metaphysical poetry not only explains the existence of earthly things, but also reveals the religious significance of unnoticed or hitherto unappreciated aspects of temporal things. He also portrays satire in his poetry that deal the problem of true religion and it is a matter of great importance to Donne. He argues that it is better to examine carefully one's religious beliefs than blindly to follow any established tradition. Key words: John Donne, metaphysical poetry, religious, God. 1. INTRODUCTION English metaphysical poetry is the richest and most widely ranging in the language. Its style was most enthusiastic in the seventeenth century and it not only brought the best devotional poetry but also the finest lyrics, satires, pastorals and visionary meditations of that era (Edwin Honig). The poets gave the signal to the readers to enter into a new empire of poetry with a sense of attachment and belonging between different objects of nature and human sentiments, feeling and passion. -
Critical Survey of Poetry
More Critical Survey of Poetry: British, Irish, & Commonwealth Poets John Donne by Edmund Miller Other literary forms Although John Donne (duhn) is know n chiefly as a lyric poet, the posthumous volume Poems, by J.D., w hich includes the lyrics, represents only a small part of his literary output. Donne w as famous in his ow n age mainly as a preacher; in fact, he w as probably the most popular preacher of an age w hen preaching held the same fascination for the general public that the cinema has today. Various sermons of Donne’s w ere published during his lifetime, and several collections w ere published in the follow ing decades. Without a commitment to Donne’s religious values, how ever, few today w ould w ant to read through many of his sermons. Donne must, how ever, be credited w ith the careful articulation of the parts of his sermons, w hich create a Table of Contents resounding unity of theme; and his control of prose rhythm and his ingenious imagery retain their Other literary forms pow er, even if modern readers are no longer disposed to see the majesty of God mirrored in such w riting. Achievements Biography John Donne Analysis (Library of Congress) “Kind pity chokes my spleen” “The Autumnal” “To His Mistress Going to Bed” “The Canonization” “The Flea” “The Ecstasy” “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” “Twickham Garden” “A Nocturnal upon St. Lucy’s Day, Being the Shortest Day” Verse letters Epithalamia Memorial verse “Infinitati Sacrum” Holy Sonnets Bibliography Excerpts from Donne’s sermons thus have a continuing vitality for general readers in a w ay that excerpts from the sermons of, for example, Lancelot Andrew es cannot. -
Unit 4 Donne: “The Sun Rising” and “Death Be Not Proud”
UNIT 4 DONNE: “THE SUN RISING” AND “DEATH BE NOT PROUD” Structure 4.0 Objectives 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Donne’s Poetic Sensibility 4.3 The Sunne Rising: Discussion 4.4 Holy Sonnets: A View 4.4.1 Death be Not Proud: Discussion 4.5 Let Us Sum Up 4.6 Questions 4.7 Suggested Readings 4.0 OBJECTIVES It is difficult to integrate John Donne with the stream of poetry in English. From the point of view of the period in which he wrote, he happens to be between Wyatt, Surrey, Spenser and Shakespeare on one side and Milton on the other. This is speaking merely in relation with his immediate predecessors and contemporaries—the latter were the Jacobean dramatists such as John Webster, Beaumont and Fletcher who presented states of mind that had no ideals to pursue. Indeed, the Jacobean period was of decline, not just economically but also in terms of the views and ideas that floated around. Ben Jonson, Marlowe, and Sidney were placed a little before Donne. Those who came later such as the Cavalier Poets kept an eye on narrow interests of seeking patronage also formed a category to be considered in the context. The Cavalier poets were royalists, in sync with the authority headed by the king. They constituted the circles of influence in the first three decades of the seventeenth century. More importantly, England in this period went through the processes of transition and instability. Apart from religion and ideology involving succession following the death of Queen Elizabeth, the crucial pressures emanated from the politics of the day carrying the burden of economic clashes and conflicts. -
Preparing for the Poetry Exam: John Donne [Source (With Some Amendments): Richard Huish College, Taunton]
Preparing for the Poetry Exam: John Donne [Source (with some amendments): Richard Huish College, Taunton] The poetry question is assessed mainly on AO3, so you need to be aware of all the techniques that Donne uses in terms of language, structure and form. The following are some of these techniques, though you may think of more. You need to be able to make cross-references across the poems to illustrate these techniques as part of your answer. 1. General issues on form Donne's poems were collected under a general heading of "Songs and Sonnets", written between 1593 and 1601, but first published in 1633, two years after Donne's death (Shakespeare was 8 years older than Donne). Many Elizabethan love poems were written in the lyric, and particularly the sonnet forms, in a smoothly flowing language style. Hence they could quite easily be set to music and we have two poems called "songs" in our collection. Poetry is often described as 'lyric' and this relates to the fact that the earliest poetry written by the Greeks was written to be sung to the accompaniment of a lyre (an ancient Greek instrument). Even now, the term 'lyric' relates to words set to music. A lyric is usually fairly short (between 12 and 30 lines) and expresses the thoughts or feelings of a single speaker in a personal and subjective fashion. The Renaissance, when Donne was writing, was the great age of the lyric, not only in England but also in France and Italy. Early Elizabethan poets, such as Sir Thomas Wyatt and the Earl of Surrey, made outstanding contributions to the genre and wrote songs, lyrics and sonnets. -
Donne's Treatment of Nature in the Rising
ISSN No. 0974-035X An Indexed Refereed Journal of Higher Education Towards Excellence UGC-ACADEMIC STAFF COLLEGE, GUJARAT UNIVERSITY, AHMEDABAD, INDIA DONNE’S TREATMENT OF NATURE IN THE RISING SUN Dr. Rajani Suthar & Ms. Jill Joshi Abstract The Seventeenth Century was, undoubtedly, a golden age as far as English poetry is concerned. In the Elizabethan Age, Shakespeare and Milton stand as towering figures; but the poems of Jonson, Dryden and Donne are equally noteworthy. Each had their unique sensibility and style. John Donne(1572-1631) was one such prominent multifaceted personality(he was a poet, prose writer and translator) of the Elizabethan Age. He was an exponent of Metaphysical poetry. The poets belonging to Metaphysical School depicted peculiar traits. Their work was a unique an amalgamation of wit and emotions. His poems were sensitive and witty at the same time. Like the other metaphysical poets, his poems abound in conceits and startling comparisons with a novel take on the mundane. Some of his prominent poems include:The Dream, Death be Not Proud, The Flea, Daybreak, The Funeral, A Fever, A Hymn to God the Father, Air and Angels, The Ecstacy, The Paradox, Confined Love, Self Love, Holy Sonnet, Song etc.The present paper is an attempt to examine Donne’s psyche and with his take on nature, especially, the sun in his mesmerizing poem The Rising Sun. Keywords: Poetry, Seventeenth Century, Elizabethan Age, Metaphysical School July, 2016. VOL.8. ISSUE NO. 2 www.ascgujarat.org Page | 15 Towards Excellence: An Indexed Refereed Journal of Higher Education / Dr. Rajani Suthar & Ms. -
Donne and the Sidereus Nuncius
Donne and the Sidereus Nuncius: Astronomy, Method and Metaphor in 1611 by John Piers Russell Brown A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of English University of Toronto © Copyright by John Piers Russell Brown 2009 Abstract: “Donne and the Sidereus nuncius: Astronomy, Method and Metaphor in 1611” Piers Brown, PhD., Department of English, University of Toronto, 2009 John Donne’s poetry has long been famous for its metaphysical conceits, which powerfully register the impact of the “New Philosophy,” yet the question of how his work is implicated in the new forms of knowledge-making that exploded in the early seventeenth century has remained unanswered. “Donne and the Sidereus nuncius” examines the relation between method and metaphor on the cusp of the Scientific Revolution by reading the poetry and prose of Donne in the context of developments in early modern astronomy, anatomy and natural philosophy. I focus primarily on two texts, Ignatius, his Conclave (1610) and the Anniversaries (1611-2), which are linked not only by chronology, but also by their mutual concern with the effects of distorted perception on the process of understanding the universe. Written directly after the publication of Galileo’s Sidereus nuncius (1610), these works offer a historicized perspective on Donne’s changing use of scientific metaphor in relation to the transformative crux of the discovery of the telescope, which provided a startling new optical metaphor for the process of knowing. In this context, “Donne and the Sidereus nuncius” considers the conceptual work performed by scientific metaphor as part of an ongoing transformation from emblematic to analogic figuration.