Places of the Older Variable Stars with Faint Minima
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Where Are the Distant Worlds? Star Maps
W here Are the Distant Worlds? Star Maps Abo ut the Activity Whe re are the distant worlds in the night sky? Use a star map to find constellations and to identify stars with extrasolar planets. (Northern Hemisphere only, naked eye) Topics Covered • How to find Constellations • Where we have found planets around other stars Participants Adults, teens, families with children 8 years and up If a school/youth group, 10 years and older 1 to 4 participants per map Materials Needed Location and Timing • Current month's Star Map for the Use this activity at a star party on a public (included) dark, clear night. Timing depends only • At least one set Planetary on how long you want to observe. Postcards with Key (included) • A small (red) flashlight • (Optional) Print list of Visible Stars with Planets (included) Included in This Packet Page Detailed Activity Description 2 Helpful Hints 4 Background Information 5 Planetary Postcards 7 Key Planetary Postcards 9 Star Maps 20 Visible Stars With Planets 33 © 2008 Astronomical Society of the Pacific www.astrosociety.org Copies for educational purposes are permitted. Additional astronomy activities can be found here: http://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov Detailed Activity Description Leader’s Role Participants’ Roles (Anticipated) Introduction: To Ask: Who has heard that scientists have found planets around stars other than our own Sun? How many of these stars might you think have been found? Anyone ever see a star that has planets around it? (our own Sun, some may know of other stars) We can’t see the planets around other stars, but we can see the star. -
A Temperate Rocky Super-Earth Transiting a Nearby Cool Star Jason A
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature22055 A temperate rocky super-Earth transiting a nearby cool star Jason A. Dittmann1, Jonathan M. Irwin1, David Charbonneau1, Xavier Bonfils2,3, Nicola Astudillo-Defru4, Raphaëlle D. Haywood1, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson5, Elisabeth R. Newton6, Joseph E. Rodriguez1, Jennifer G. Winters1, Thiam-Guan Tan7, Jose-Manuel Almenara2,3,4, François Bouchy8, Xavier Delfosse2,3, Thierry Forveille2,3, Christophe Lovis4, Felipe Murgas2,3,9, Francesco Pepe4, Nuno C. Santos10,11, Stephane Udry4, Anaël Wünsche2,3, Gilbert A. Esquerdo1, David W. Latham1 & Courtney D. Dressing12 15 16,17 M dwarf stars, which have masses less than 60 per cent that of Ks magnitude and empirically determined stellar relationships , the Sun, make up 75 per cent of the population of the stars in the we estimate the stellar mass to be 14.6% that of the Sun and the stellar Galaxy1. The atmospheres of orbiting Earth-sized planets are radius to be 18.6% that of the Sun. We estimate the metal content of the observationally accessible via transmission spectroscopy when star to be approximately half that of the Sun ([Fe/H] = −0.24 ± 0.10; the planets pass in front of these stars2,3. Statistical results suggest 1σ error), and we measure the rotational period of the star to be that the nearest transiting Earth-sized planet in the liquid-water, 131 days from our long-term photometric monitoring (see Methods). habitable zone of an M dwarf star is probably around 10.5 parsecs On 15 September 2014 ut, MEarth-South identified a potential away4. A temperate planet has been discovered orbiting Proxima transit in progress around LHS 1140, and automatically commenced Centauri, the closest M dwarf5, but it probably does not transit and high-cadence follow-up observations (see Extended Data Fig. -
Planet Searching from Ground and Space
Planet Searching from Ground and Space Olivier Guyon Japanese Astrobiology Center, National Institutes for Natural Sciences (NINS) Subaru Telescope, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NINS) University of Arizona Breakthrough Watch committee chair June 8, 2017 Perspectives on O/IR Astronomy in the Mid-2020s Outline 1. Current status of exoplanet research 2. Finding the nearest habitable planets 3. Characterizing exoplanets 4. Breakthrough Watch and Starshot initiatives 5. Subaru Telescope instrumentation, Japan/US collaboration toward TMT 6. Recommendations 1. Current Status of Exoplanet Research 1. Current Status of Exoplanet Research 3,500 confirmed planets (as of June 2017) Most identified by Jupiter two techniques: Radial Velocity with Earth ground-based telescopes Transit (most with NASA Kepler mission) Strong observational bias towards short period and high mass (lower right corner) 1. Current Status of Exoplanet Research Key statistical findings Hot Jupiters, P < 10 day, M > 0.1 Jupiter Planetary systems are common occurrence rate ~1% 23 systems with > 5 planets Most frequent around F, G stars (no analog in our solar system) credits: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss 7-planet Trappist-1 system, credit: NASA-JPL Earth-size rocky planets are ~10% of Sun-like stars and ~50% abundant of M-type stars have potentially habitable planets credits: NASA Ames/SETI Institute/JPL-Caltech Dressing & Charbonneau 2013 1. Current Status of Exoplanet Research Spectacular discoveries around M stars Trappist-1 system 7 planets ~3 in hab zone likely rocky 40 ly away Proxima Cen b planet Possibly habitable Closest star to our solar system Faint red M-type star 1. Current Status of Exoplanet Research Spectroscopic characterization limited to Giant young planets or close-in planets For most planets, only Mass, radius and orbit are constrained HR 8799 d planet (direct imaging) Currie, Burrows et al. -
B O L E T I N Asociacion a R G En T in a a S T R O N O M
ISSN 0671-328» BOLETIN DE LA ASOCIACION ARGENTINA DE ASTRONOMIA N.*18 * LA PLATA 1980 Con motivo de cumplirse en 1973 medio milenio del nacimiento de Nicolás Copérnico este Boletín 18 de la Asociación Argentina de Astronomía está dedicado a la memoria del huma nista fundador de la astronomía moderna , BOLETIN DE LA ;■ ASOCIACION ARGENTINA DE ASTRONOMIA N.*18 LA PLATA 1980 ASOCIACION ARGENTINA DE ASTRONOMIA La Comisión Directiva lamenta comunicar el deceso del Dr. Carlos J. Lavagnino acaecida el 12 de noviembre de 1976 luego de una dolorosa enfermedad. El Dr. Lavagnino manifestó siempre un profundo inte rés por las actividades de esta Asociación, que lo contara entre sus más antiguos socios. Esa inclinación lo llevó a ser editor de nuestro Boletín en varias ocasiones, ya que consi deraba que defender y mejorar este Boletín —o su muy año rada revista— era, desde su profesión, una de las formas de lograr un beneficio para todos sus colegas que así pueden tener a su alcance un medio natural, seguro y de jerarquía para la publicación de sus trabajos. Si bien la adversidad lo acosó con insistencia en sus últimos tiempos, sobrepuso su entereza e iluminó con tra bajo tan oscuros momentos. Así fue como corrigió esta edi ción en su última prueba dos días antes de su deceso y así fue como él mismo honró su memoria. LA COMISION DIRECTIVA Dr. C. J. Lavagnino La ejecución del presente Boletín se ha visto conside rablemente demorada por múltiples razones, entre ellas la prolongada enfermedad y lamentable deceso de su editor el Dr. -
Ephemerides Astronomicae ... Ad Meridianum Medioalanensum
Informazioni su questo libro Si tratta della copia digitale di un libro che per generazioni è stato conservata negli scaffali di una biblioteca prima di essere digitalizzato da Google nell’ambito del progetto volto a rendere disponibili online i libri di tutto il mondo. Ha sopravvissuto abbastanza per non essere più protetto dai diritti di copyright e diventare di pubblico dominio. Un libro di pubblico dominio è un libro che non è mai stato protetto dal copyright o i cui termini legali di copyright sono scaduti. La classificazione di un libro come di pubblico dominio può variare da paese a paese. I libri di pubblico dominio sono l’anello di congiunzione con il passato, rappresentano un patrimonio storico, culturale e di conoscenza spesso difficile da scoprire. Commenti, note e altre annotazioni a margine presenti nel volume originale compariranno in questo file, come testimonianza del lungo viaggio percorso dal libro, dall’editore originale alla biblioteca, per giungere fino a te. Linee guide per l’utilizzo Google è orgoglioso di essere il partner delle biblioteche per digitalizzare i materiali di pubblico dominio e renderli universalmente disponibili. I libri di pubblico dominio appartengono al pubblico e noi ne siamo solamente i custodi. Tuttavia questo lavoro è oneroso, pertanto, per poter continuare ad offrire questo servizio abbiamo preso alcune iniziative per impedire l’utilizzo illecito da parte di soggetti commerciali, compresa l’imposizione di restrizioni sull’invio di query automatizzate. Inoltre ti chiediamo di: + Non fare un uso commerciale di questi file Abbiamo concepito Google Ricerca Libri per l’uso da parte dei singoli utenti privati e ti chiediamo di utilizzare questi file per uso personale e non a fini commerciali. -
The Universe Contents 3 HD 149026 B
History . 64 Antarctica . 136 Utopia Planitia . 209 Umbriel . 286 Comets . 338 In Popular Culture . 66 Great Barrier Reef . 138 Vastitas Borealis . 210 Oberon . 287 Borrelly . 340 The Amazon Rainforest . 140 Titania . 288 C/1861 G1 Thatcher . 341 Universe Mercury . 68 Ngorongoro Conservation Jupiter . 212 Shepherd Moons . 289 Churyamov- Orientation . 72 Area . 142 Orientation . 216 Gerasimenko . 342 Contents Magnetosphere . 73 Great Wall of China . 144 Atmosphere . .217 Neptune . 290 Hale-Bopp . 343 History . 74 History . 218 Orientation . 294 y Halle . 344 BepiColombo Mission . 76 The Moon . 146 Great Red Spot . 222 Magnetosphere . 295 Hartley 2 . 345 In Popular Culture . 77 Orientation . 150 Ring System . 224 History . 296 ONIS . 346 Caloris Planitia . 79 History . 152 Surface . 225 In Popular Culture . 299 ’Oumuamua . 347 In Popular Culture . 156 Shoemaker-Levy 9 . 348 Foreword . 6 Pantheon Fossae . 80 Clouds . 226 Surface/Atmosphere 301 Raditladi Basin . 81 Apollo 11 . 158 Oceans . 227 s Ring . 302 Swift-Tuttle . 349 Orbital Gateway . 160 Tempel 1 . 350 Introduction to the Rachmaninoff Crater . 82 Magnetosphere . 228 Proteus . 303 Universe . 8 Caloris Montes . 83 Lunar Eclipses . .161 Juno Mission . 230 Triton . 304 Tempel-Tuttle . 351 Scale of the Universe . 10 Sea of Tranquility . 163 Io . 232 Nereid . 306 Wild 2 . 352 Modern Observing Venus . 84 South Pole-Aitken Europa . 234 Other Moons . 308 Crater . 164 Methods . .12 Orientation . 88 Ganymede . 236 Oort Cloud . 353 Copernicus Crater . 165 Today’s Telescopes . 14. Atmosphere . 90 Callisto . 238 Non-Planetary Solar System Montes Apenninus . 166 How to Use This Book 16 History . 91 Objects . 310 Exoplanets . 354 Oceanus Procellarum .167 Naming Conventions . 18 In Popular Culture . -
Extrasolar Planets and Their Host Stars
Kaspar von Braun & Tabetha S. Boyajian Extrasolar Planets and Their Host Stars July 25, 2017 arXiv:1707.07405v1 [astro-ph.EP] 24 Jul 2017 Springer Preface In astronomy or indeed any collaborative environment, it pays to figure out with whom one can work well. From existing projects or simply conversations, research ideas appear, are developed, take shape, sometimes take a detour into some un- expected directions, often need to be refocused, are sometimes divided up and/or distributed among collaborators, and are (hopefully) published. After a number of these cycles repeat, something bigger may be born, all of which one then tries to simultaneously fit into one’s head for what feels like a challenging amount of time. That was certainly the case a long time ago when writing a PhD dissertation. Since then, there have been postdoctoral fellowships and appointments, permanent and adjunct positions, and former, current, and future collaborators. And yet, con- versations spawn research ideas, which take many different turns and may divide up into a multitude of approaches or related or perhaps unrelated subjects. Again, one had better figure out with whom one likes to work. And again, in the process of writing this Brief, one needs create something bigger by focusing the relevant pieces of work into one (hopefully) coherent manuscript. It is an honor, a privi- lege, an amazing experience, and simply a lot of fun to be and have been working with all the people who have had an influence on our work and thereby on this book. To quote the late and great Jim Croce: ”If you dig it, do it. -
Rotation Velocities for M-Dwarfs
Rotation Velocities for M-dwarfs1 J S Jenkins1,2, L W Ramsey1, H R A Jones3, Y Pavlenko3, J Gallardo2, J R Barnes3 and D J Pinfield3 1Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA16802 2Department of Astronomy, Universidad de Chile, Casilla Postal 36D, Santiago, Chile 3Center for Astrophysics, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane Campus, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK, AL10 9AB [email protected] ABSTRACT We present spectroscopic rotation velocities (v sin i) for 56 M dwarf stars using high reso- lution HET HRS red spectroscopy. In addition we have also determined photometric effective temperatures, masses and metallicities ([Fe/H]) for some stars observed here and in the litera- ture where we could acquire accurate parallax measurements and relevant photometry. We have increased the number of known v sin is for mid M stars by around 80% and can confirm a weakly increasing rotation velocity with decreasing effective temperature. Our sample of v sin is peak at low velocities (∼3 km s−1). We find a change in the rotational velocity distribution between early M and late M stars, which is likely due to the changing field topology between partially and fully convective stars. There is also a possible further change in the rotational distribution towards the late M dwarfs where dust begins to play a role in the stellar atmospheres. We also link v sin i to age and show how it can be used to provide mid-M star age limits. When all literature velocities for M dwarfs are added to our sample there are 198 with v sin i ≤ 10 km s−1 and 124 in the mid-to-late M star regime (M3.0-M9.5) where measuring precision optical radial-velocities is difficult. -
Stars, Galaxies, and Beyond, 2012
Stars, Galaxies, and Beyond Summary of notes and materials related to University of Washington astronomy courses: ASTR 322 The Contents of Our Galaxy (Winter 2012, Professor Paula Szkody=PXS) & ASTR 323 Extragalactic Astronomy And Cosmology (Spring 2012, Professor Željko Ivezić=ZXI). Summary by Michael C. McGoodwin=MCM. Content last updated 6/29/2012 Rotated image of the Whirlpool Galaxy M51 (NGC 5194)1 from Hubble Space Telescope HST, with Companion Galaxy NGC 5195 (upper left), located in constellation Canes Venatici, January 2005. Galaxy is at 9.6 Megaparsec (Mpc)= 31.3x106 ly, width 9.6 arcmin, area ~27 square kiloparsecs (kpc2) 1 NGC = New General Catalog, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_General_Catalogue 2 http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/12/image/a/ Page 1 of 249 Astrophysics_ASTR322_323_MCM_2012.docx 29 Jun 2012 Table of Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Useful Symbols, Abbreviations and Web Links .................................................................................................................. 4 Basic Physical Quantities for the Sun and the Earth ........................................................................................................ 6 Basic Astronomical Terms, Concepts, and Tools (Chapter 1) ............................................................................................. 9 Distance Measures ...................................................................................................................................................... -
Ephemerides Astronomicae ... Ad Meridianum Medioalanensum
Informazioni su questo libro Si tratta della copia digitale di un libro che per generazioni è stato conservata negli scaffali di una biblioteca prima di essere digitalizzato da Google nell’ambito del progetto volto a rendere disponibili online i libri di tutto il mondo. Ha sopravvissuto abbastanza per non essere più protetto dai diritti di copyright e diventare di pubblico dominio. Un libro di pubblico dominio è un libro che non è mai stato protetto dal copyright o i cui termini legali di copyright sono scaduti. La classificazione di un libro come di pubblico dominio può variare da paese a paese. I libri di pubblico dominio sono l’anello di congiunzione con il passato, rappresentano un patrimonio storico, culturale e di conoscenza spesso difficile da scoprire. Commenti, note e altre annotazioni a margine presenti nel volume originale compariranno in questo file, come testimonianza del lungo viaggio percorso dal libro, dall’editore originale alla biblioteca, per giungere fino a te. Linee guide per l’utilizzo Google è orgoglioso di essere il partner delle biblioteche per digitalizzare i materiali di pubblico dominio e renderli universalmente disponibili. I libri di pubblico dominio appartengono al pubblico e noi ne siamo solamente i custodi. Tuttavia questo lavoro è oneroso, pertanto, per poter continuare ad offrire questo servizio abbiamo preso alcune iniziative per impedire l’utilizzo illecito da parte di soggetti commerciali, compresa l’imposizione di restrizioni sull’invio di query automatizzate. Inoltre ti chiediamo di: + Non fare un uso commerciale di questi file Abbiamo concepito Google Ricerca Libri per l’uso da parte dei singoli utenti privati e ti chiediamo di utilizzare questi file per uso personale e non a fini commerciali. -
W. M. Keck Observatory Annual Report 2007 | 2 Dr
W. M. KEC K OBSERVAT O RY ANNUAL REP O RT 2007 Vision A world in which all humankind is inspired and united by the pursuit of knowledge of the infinite variety and richness of the universe. Mission We advance the frontiers of astronomy and share our discoveries to inspire the imagination of all. Observatory Groundbreaking: 1985 First light Keck I telescope: 1992 First light Keck II telescope: 1996 Headquarters location: Kamuela, Hawai’i, USA Management: California Association for Research in Astronomy Partner Institutions: California Institute of Technology (CIT/Caltech) University of California (UC) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) EIN: 95-3972799 Director: Taft E. Armandroff Deputy Director: Hilton A. Lewis Number of Full Time Employees: 125 Number of Observing Astronomers FY2007: 397 Number of Refereed Articles FY2007: 279 Total Number of Keck Science Articles Citation Count to December, 2006: 67,631 Fiscal Year: October 1 - September 30 Cover photo: The twin 10-meter telescopes peer into the cosmos from the stunning summit of Mauna Kea. W. M. Keck Observatory Annual Report 2007 | 2 Dr. Taft E. Armandroff Director W. M. Keck Observatory It is with great pleasure that I welcome you to the 2007 annual report of the W. M. Keck Observatory. The past year has been noteworthy in both the measure of Keck’s scientific “ achievement and in our continued leadership in breakthrough technologies and innova- tion. In the following pages, we will share highlights of recent accomplishments and intro- duce you to some of my colleagues who helped make this an exceptional year. One of the key metrics for evaluating the success of our Observatory, and indeed any sci- entific enterprise, is the number of scholarly articles published in top academic journals. -
Spatial Interferometry in Optical Astronomy
i _ mnce tion 1990 Spatial Interferometry in Optical Astronomy Daniel Y, Gezari, Francois Roddier, and Claude Roddier _7-_- .... LZ__TA_____£_2 ----Z--_7- _ ...... -2.-- L NASA Reference Publication 1245 1990 Spatial Interferometry in Optical Astronomy Daniel Y. Gezari Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland Francois Roddier and Claude Roddier University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of Management Scientific and Technical Information Division TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction iv Conference List v A. REVIEW PAPERS A-I B. THEORY 1. Imaging Theory B-I 2. Speckle Interferometry B-17 3. Speckle Imaging B-22 4. General Interferometry (non-speckle) B-28 5. Image Reconstruction Algorithms B-39 C. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION 1. Michelson Interferometry C-I 2. Long-baseline Interferometry C-3 3. Speckle Interferometry C-I1 4. Coherent Telescope Arrays C-21 5. Infrared Techniques C-27 6. Pupil-plane Interferometry C-32 7. Atmosphere-related Experiments C-35 8. Adaptive Optics C-37 9. Instrumentation, Techniques and Facilities C-39 D. ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATIONS 1. Stellar Sources D-I 2. The Sun D-16 3. Planets/Asteroids D-18 4. Infrared Observations D-20 E. SPACE INTERFEROMETRY CONCEPTS 1. Space Interferometers E-1 2. Interferometry with Large Space Telescopes E-6 3. Lunar-based Interferometry E-7 F. MASTER BIBLIOGRAPHY (alphabetical order by first author) F-I iii iDil,_ ii_llr, llilOit/¢l,I _ PRECEDING PAGE BLANK NOT FILMED INTRODUCTION Spatial lnterferometry in Optical Astronomy is a bibliography of published research on the application of spatial interferometry techniques to astronomical observations at visible and infrared wavelengths.