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FNQ Digital Connectivity Needs Analysis: Qualitative Insights to Inform Technical Solutions for Improved Telecommunications in Northern Gulf Communities

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FNQ Digital Connectivity Needs Analysis: Qualitative Insights to Inform Technical Solutions for Improved Telecommunications in Northern Gulf Communities This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Marshall, Amber, Dale, Allan Patrick, & Wilson, Carrie-Ann (2021) FNQ Digital Connectivity Needs Analysis:Qualitative insights to inform technical solutions for improved telecommunications in Northern Gulf com- munities. (Unpublished) This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/211146/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] License: Free-to-read at publisher Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. FNQ Digital Connectivity Needs Analysis Qualitative insights to inform technical solutions for improved telecommunications in Northern Gulf communities AUTHORS Amber Marshall, Allan Dale, and Carrie-Ann Wilson JUNE 2021 Funding This project is funded under the Community Development Program, which is jointly funded under the Commonwealth/State Disaster Recovery Funding Arrangements 2018. Although funding for this product has been provided by both the Australian and Queensland Governments, the material contained herein does not necessarily represent the views of either government. Partners Lead organisation University partners Industry partners Authors Amber Marshall is a Postdoctoral Research Fellow in the QUT Digital Media Research Centre investigating digital inclusion in regional, rural, and remote contexts. Her passion for this work is fuelled by her experiences living in remote Australia (2014-2017), particularly her struggles to stay connected in the bush while completing her PhD with the UQ Business School. Amber recently led a consortium of six university and industry partners to undertake a Northern Australia Communications Analysis funded by the Cooperative Research Centre for Developing Northern Australia (CRCNA). Her recent work has focused on investigating digital connectivity infrastructure needs and solutions in the North, as well as digital AgTech adoption on Queensland farms. Allan Dale is a Professor of Tropical Regional Development at The Cairns Institute, James Cook University, and is the Chief Scientist for CRCNA. Allan is also a University Fellow with Charles Darwin University’s Northern Institute and has a strong interest in integrated societal governance, with a particular focus across the tropical world, Northern Australia, and the Great Barrier Reef. He leads JCU’s contributions to Queensland’s Rural Economies Centre of Excellence (RECoE) and the Clean Growth Choices Program, the Human Dimensions of the GBR, the Northern Development agenda, and emerging approaches to Collective Impact. Carrie-Ann Wilson is a Master of Philosophy candidate at James Cook University investigating human factors in implementation and adoption of connectivity technologies by small-medium enterprise in regional, rural, and remote Australia. She holds a Master of Digital Design, Graduate Certificate on Human Nutrition, and Bachelor of Built Environment (Industrial Design). Carrie-Ann is also the Founder and Creative Director of Scenic Rim Design, which is based on a rural property near Beaudesert, Queensland. Page ii Executive Summary This project brought together Northern Gulf property owners, councils, development organisations, technical experts, and service providers to collaboratively identify and define mobile, telecommunications, and broadband failures during the 2019 monsoon trough and recovery phase, and devise novel technical solutions and systemic improvement options for the future. This needs analysis sought to understand the digital connectivity needs of Northern Gulf residents to directly inform digital connectivity technical solutions that ‘work’ in and for remote communities. Through direct engagement with 100+ people, we canvased mobile and internet experiences, requirements, and possible solutions in three stages from October 2020 to March 2021. This included: • Face-to-face and Zoom interviews with approximately 25 residents across the Northern Gulf from various sectors and locations to understand individual digital connectivity needs; • Three community engagement workshops held in Croydon, Einasleigh and Dimbulah, involving 60+ participants to understand the lived experience of digital connectivity in the region; and, • An online survey focused on prioritisation of needs and possible solutions identified in the interviews and workshops. Emergent priorities and opportunities for improved digital connectivity and outcomes in the Northern Gulf fell into five categories. 1. Remote domestic telecommunications: Improved access to voice and text across properties. 2. Agricultural digital technologies: Access to Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for improved productivity. 3. Connectivity for community events and visitors: Increased mobile/broadband capacity for influx of visitors. 4. Enterprise-grade connections for businesses: Improved services (speed, data, latency) for reliable connections for technologies supporting critical sales processes. 5. Robust telecommunications for disaster response: Improved coverage and inter-operability of mobile networks with independence from other critical infrastructure. Overall, this needs analysis points to three key directions for mobile and broadband solutions for the Northern Gulf region. 1. Digital literacy and awareness: Broadscale education of end users is required to address under- utilisation of existing infrastructure and services, for social and economic outcomes. 2. Last mile solutions: Where major infrastructure is not being connected through to homes, businesses, and organisations, end users need options for investment in modest hardware to get connected. 3. Strategic infrastructure investment: Develop regional partnerships and co-investment models to advocate for, plan, and execute significant projects that address backhaul shortfalls across the Gulf and Cape Peninsula. This report should be read in conjunction with the Technical Audit and Strategy Document. Page iii Table of Contents 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Contextual Review ............................................................................................................................ 2 2.1 The Northern Gulf region ................................................................................................................ 2 2.2 Regional telecommunications and digital inclusion...................................................................... 2 2.3 Emergency and disaster communications .................................................................................... 3 2.4 Known issues and recent developments ...................................................................................... 4 3. Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 6 4. Interview Results ............................................................................................................................... 7 5. Workshop Results ............................................................................................................................ 10 5.1 Croydon and surrounds ................................................................................................................ 10 5.2 Einasleigh and Forsayth ............................................................................................................... 11 5.3 Dimbulah and Mutchilba ............................................................................................................... 12 6. Survey Results ................................................................................................................................. 13 6.1 Digital connectivity needs in and around the home ................................................................... 14 6.2 Digital connectivity needs for businesses in town ...................................................................... 15 6.3 Digital connectivity needs on farms/businesses outside of town .............................................. 16 6.4 Digital connectivity needs for community organisations and emergency services ................. 17 6.5 Ways to improve digital connectivity and digital skills and capability ....................................... 18 7. Emergent Priorities and Opportunities ........................................................................................ 19 8. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................
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