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Geopolitical Condition for Determinants of the Jordan Water Security

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Geopolitical Condition for Determinants of the Jordan Water Security ISSN 1712-8358[Print] Cross-Cultural Communication ISSN 1923-6700[Online] Vol. 16, No. 2, 2020, pp. 6-16 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/11725 www.cscanada.org Geopolitical Condition for Determinants of the Jordan Water Security Hasan Abdullah Al-Dajah[a],*; Ali Hamdi Abu Saleem[b] [a]Associate Professor, Department of Media and Strategies Studies, Al-Dajah, H. A., & Abu Saleem, A. H. (2020). Geopolitical Faculty of Arts, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan, Jordan. Condition for Determinants of the Jordan Water Security. [b]Professor, Department History and Geography, Faculty of Arts, Al- Cross-Cultural Communication, 16(2), 6-16. Available from: Hussein Bin Talal University, Maan, Jordan. http//www.cscanada.net/index.php/ccc/article/view/11725 * Corresponding author. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/11725 Received 5 May 2020; accepted 12 June 2020 Published online 26 June 2020 INTRODUCTION Abstract The term geopolitical indicates to the integrated This study aimed at studying the geopolitical condition for relationship between geography and the political science) the determinants of the Jordan Water security through the Ethington, & McDaniel 2007), where the natural earth following objectives: clearing the effective demographic geography itself imposes on the policy and the water data on Jordan water security. Disclosing the impact policy, the subject of study in particular, and it usually of the Syrian crisis on the Jordan Water Security and depends on benefitting from the natural resources in recognizing the influence of climate characteristics on achieving objectives of internal and external policy Jordan Water Security and clearing the impact of the Dodds, 2000), and in other words, the term expresses the geopolitical condition on Jordan Water Security. The region, that comprehends the diverse political incidents study had employed the analytical descriptive method… that occur on its land and the geopolitical analysis covers and it concerns with specifying reality and collecting specifying the most important resources required by the facts about it and analyzing its sides, with what shares process of development and the political, economic and in working on developing it. The study deduced results social prosperity of the states through the power of the meaning that the geopolitical condition played a role in state that leans on its area and the diverse of its sources the lack of water, because of the geographic nature of and then the ability to affect and be affected by other Jordan, the thing that led to fewness of water resources states as Turkey plans nowadays (Selby, 2005). and increase of population and the flow of the Syrian And the geopolitics is a science discusses the impact refugees. It1 appeared clearly that the geopolitical of the earth and its nature on policies of the state, either condition plays a significant role in availability or fewness the internal and external policies, the economic, social, of water for the same source of water. The study deduced military and water policies, that attains its vital and a recommendation meaning; working on benefiting from strategic interests. It is a science derived from geography the Jordan geopolitical condition in exploiting the water and politics altogether (Kelly, Phyl, 2016) worked on harvest and the scientific method in water-storing, and the building a mutual theoretical model as a comprehensive necessity of working with the international organization geopolitical analytical instrument can be employed across to guarantee non-influencing the Jordan geopolitical a large group of contexts, and the geopolitical incidents. condition and agreement with the states of adjacency on And the geopolitical analysis tackles the water water shares. condition, its sources, and the threatenings of their Key words: Jordan; Geopolitical; Rains evaporation; carrying out kliot, N. (2005), and the water determinants Syrian refugees; Water security impose themselves on the policy of the state in many times and may lie behind the wishes of the states in Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture 6 Hasan Abdullah Al-Dajah; Ali Hamdi Abu Saleem (2020). Cross-Cultural Communication, 16(2), 6-16 building stable and diverse relations in achieving the The study treats the water condition in Jordan and highest level of water availability for their people, and its water security, that is considered an extension for the so employs the geopolitical analysis in treating abundant human security, that covers within its dimensions nutritious basic constituents of the natural sources and sources of and economic security, in addition to analyzing causes of water, that explain plenty of political phenomena with water shortage from which water sources in Jordan suffer geopolitical – political nature about the water resources, and the reflection of that on the Jordan water security. and the stinginess of water is considered the dominating And in spite of the diverse of water sources in North trait to many states including Jordan. Jordan, but these sources do not cover the need of the We find what approaches %80 of the population of the population in the Jordan North governorates in shadow world are exposed to high level of threatening for water of the steady growth of the population in the past years security. Horrible investment in water technology enables resulting from the Syrian crisis that threatens the water rich states from compensating levels of decrease in water security, the thing that requires searching for replacement stinginess (Vörösmarty, C. J., McIntyre, P.B., Gessner, sources fulfill the water shortage, from which Jordan M.O., Dudgeon, D., Prusevich, A., Green, P., & Davies, suffers at all its sectors; the economic and service, P.M., 2010). especially Jordan is classified one of the world poorest ten And the concept of water security receives an states in water (Ministry of Water and Irrigation, 2006). increasing interest all along the past decade at each of policies and academic discussions. And there exist numerous definitions for this concept, promoted by a THE GEOPOLITICAL CONDITION OF group of international organizations, the thing that made THE AREA OF STUDY the water security an axis for concluding conferences like The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan is located in the the one concluded by the forum of Asia and the Pacific Southern-Western part of Asia Continent and extends Ocean for water in the year 2007, they concluded their between both lines: Length line °34 59 and °39 18 in the first summit entitled: “Water Security: Leadership and east, and both of breadth circles °29 11 and °33 22 in the Commitment” (Asia Pacific Water Forum, 2007), and North, and due to the geographic location of Jordan that is water security too became at the front of internal issues bordered from the North by lands of the Syrian State, for and tables of administration works in the past decade, this location had affected this Jordan geopolitical location especially the connected with fears of terrorism (vitality), directly on the process of development and everlasting the besides, there is a big increase in employing the term natural resources, the most important of which are water “Water Security” in studies and academic communities all resources; so the North territories are considered the most along the decades (Cook, & Bakker, 2012). affected territories by the Syrian Crisis, (Figure 1). Figure 1 Study area 7 Copyright © Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture Geopolitical Condition for Determinants of the Jordan Water Security Problem of Study features from sites of districts, states and sources, in The problem of study conceals in studying the geopolitical addition to impact of topography, climate, area, migration, condition for the determinants of the Jordan Water size and shapes of states, and demography and the like, on Security, in shadow of the variation of climate data, policies of external states and their actions as an auxiliary and the disorder of the water equilibrium, as a result of factor for efficiency and political ability. aggravation of the population migration from the adjacent Geopolitical Concept states and because of the limitness of its water resources, Yves Lacste defined the geopolitical concept that it is: and increase of water consuming average with what A study of different forms of authority conflict on earth, surpasses the available size from the water sources. ability is measured by the resources contained by the Question of Study region and by ability on planning outside the region, this The problem of study starts from a primary enquiry for distances increase slowly (Hepple, L. 2000). meaning what is the geopolitical condition for the And this correlation and integration appeared in the determinants of Joran water security. geopolitical analysis among the states, after the impact of Subsidiary Questions this integration was cleared in the frame of studying the • What are the populational data affecting the Jordan political relations among the states and connection of that water security? with their internal policies, that govern the internal and • What is the impact of the Syrian Crisis on the Jordan external geopolitical site in building their general policies. water security? National security • What is the influence of the climate characteristics on National security: It is defined with the extent of social, the condition of the Jordan water security? political, economic and ability of the state in conserving the • What is the influence of the geopolitical condition on internal security, protecting borders of the country and its the Jordan water security? independence, and achieving development and stabilizing Objectives of Study: the state of associations and law (Adajah, 2017). • Clearing the affective populational data on the Jordan Concepts of human security water security. Human security: It is security of man from fear-hunger • Disclosing the impact of the Syrian crisis on the and conserving his human dignity through calm and stable Jordan water security. life and continuous (Adajah, 2017). • Recognizing the impact of climate characteristic on Concept of water security the Jordan water security.
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