EUROPEAN ASSOCIATION of ARCHAEOLOGISTS 13Th Annual
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Between West and East People of the Globular Amphora Culture in Eastern Europe: 2950-2350 Bc
BETWEEN WEST AND EAST PEOPLE OF THE GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE IN EASTERN EUROPE: 2950-2350 BC Marzena Szmyt V O L U M E 8 • 2010 BALTIC-PONTIC STUDIES 61-809 Poznań (Poland) Św. Marcin 78 Tel. (061) 8536709 ext. 147, Fax (061) 8533373 EDITOR Aleksander Kośko EDITORIAL COMMITEE Sophia S. Berezanskaya (Kiev), Aleksandra Cofta-Broniewska (Poznań), Mikhail Charniauski (Minsk), Lucyna Domańska (Łódź), Viktor I. Klochko (Kiev), Jan Machnik (Kraków), Valentin V. Otroshchenko (Kiev), Petro Tolochko (Kiev) SECRETARY Marzena Szmyt Second Edition ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF EASTERN STUDIES INSTITUTE OF PREHISTORY Poznań 2010 ISBN 83-86094-07-9 (print:1999) ISBN 978-83-86094-15-8 (CD-ROM) ISSN 1231-0344 BETWEEN WEST AND EAST PEOPLE OF THE GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE IN EASTERN EUROPE: 2950-2350 BC Marzena Szmyt Translated by John Comber and Piotr T. Żebrowski V O L U M E 8 • 2010 c Copyright by B-PS and Author All rights reserved Cover Design: Eugeniusz Skorwider Linguistic consultation: John Comber Prepared in Poland Computer typeset by PSO Sp. z o.o. w Poznaniu CONTENTS Editor’s Foreword5 Introduction7 I SPACE. Settlement of the Globular Amphora Culture on the Territory of Eastern Europe 16 I.1 Classification of sources . 16 I.2 Characteristics of complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits . 18 I.2.1 Complexes of class I . 18 I.2.2 Complexes of class II . 34 I.3 Range of complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits . 36 I.4 Spatial distinction between complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits. The eastern group and its indicators . 42 I.5 Spatial relations of the eastern and centralGlobular Amphora culture groups . -
A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity?
Special Volume 6 (2016): Space and Knowledge. Topoi Research Group Articles, ed. by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, pp. 777–818. Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity Edited by Gerd Graßhoff and Michael Meyer, Excellence Cluster Topoi, Berlin eTopoi ISSN 2192-2608 http://journal.topoi.org Except where otherwise noted, content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 Svend Hansen – Jürgen Renn – Florian Klimscha – Jochen Büttner – Barbara Helwing – Sebastian Kruse The Digital Atlas of Innovations: A Research Program on Innovations in Prehistory and Antiquity The authors discuss the simultaneous appearance of technological innovations in three key technologies (metallurgy, wheeled vehicles, weighing systems) in the second half of the 4th millennium. This is done from a source-critical perspective because the innova- tions are discussed with the help of dynamic maps from the Topoi project Digital Atlas of Innovations. Besides indications of diffusion gradients influenced by special research conditions, exceptional waves of innovation can be detected for all three technologies in the discussed period. These waves of innovation cannot, however, be generalized but have to be understood on the basis of the respective technology traditions and lines of devel- opment specific to local areas. Monocentric diffusion theories can be clearly disproven, local technology developments and their converging in certain centrally situated regions have to be assumed instead. Similarly, the transfer of objects and their châine opératoire can only be detected rather infrequently, while the adaptation to local socio-economic and environmental factors can be demonstrated. -
Dalmatia Tourist Guide
Vuk Tvrtko Opa~i}: County of Split and Dalmatia . 4 Tourist Review: Publisher: GRAPHIS d.o.o. Maksimirska 88, Zagreb Tel./faks: (385 1) 2322-975 E-mail: [email protected] Editor-in-Chief: Elizabeta [unde Ivo Babi}: Editorial Committee: Zvonko Ben~i}, Smiljana [unde, Split in Emperor Diocletian's Palace . 6 Marilka Krajnovi}, Silvana Jaku{, fra Gabriel Juri{i}, Ton~i ^ori} Editorial Council: Mili Razovi}, Bo`o Sin~i}, Ivica Kova~evi}, Stjepanka Mar~i}, Ivo Babi}: Davor Glavina The historical heart of Trogir and its Art Director: Elizabeta [unde cathedral . 9 Photography Editor: Goran Morovi} Logo Design: @eljko Kozari} Layout and Proofing: GRAPHIS Language Editor: Marilka Krajnovi} Printed in: Croatian, English, Czech, and Gvido Piasevoli: German Pearls of central Dalmatia . 12 Translators: German – Irena Bad`ek-Zub~i} English – Katarina Bijeli}-Beti Czech – Alen Novosad Tourist Map: Ton~i ^ori} Printed by: Tiskara Mei}, Zagreb Cover page: Hvar Port, by Ivo Pervan Ivna Bu}an: Biblical Garden of Stomorija . 15 Published: annually This Review is sponsored by the Tourist Board of the County of Split and Dalmatia For the Tourist Board: Mili Razovi}, Director Prilaz bra}e Kaliterna 10, 21000 Split Gvido Piasevoli: Tel./faks: (385 21) 490-032, 490-033, 490-036 One flew over the tourists' nest . 18 Web: www.dalmacija.net E-mail: [email protected] We would like to thank to all our associates, tourist boards, hotels, and tourist agencies for cooperation. @eljko Kuluz: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or repro- Fishing and fish stories . -
FEEFHS Journal Volume VII No. 1-2 1999
FEEFHS Quarterly A Journal of Central & Bast European Genealogical Studies FEEFHS Quarterly Volume 7, nos. 1-2 FEEFHS Quarterly Who, What and Why is FEEFHS? Tue Federation of East European Family History Societies Editor: Thomas K. Ecllund. [email protected] (FEEFHS) was founded in June 1992 by a small dedicated group Managing Editor: Joseph B. Everett. [email protected] of American and Canadian genealogists with diverse ethnic, reli- Contributing Editors: Shon Edwards gious, and national backgrounds. By the end of that year, eleven Daniel Schlyter societies bad accepted its concept as founding members. Each year Emily Schulz since then FEEFHS has doubled in size. FEEFHS nows represents nearly two hundred organizations as members from twenty-four FEEFHS Executive Council: states, five Canadian provinces, and fourteen countries. lt contin- 1998-1999 FEEFHS officers: ues to grow. President: John D. Movius, c/o FEEFHS (address listed below). About half of these are genealogy societies, others are multi-pur- [email protected] pose societies, surname associations, book or periodical publish- 1st Vice-president: Duncan Gardiner, C.G., 12961 Lake Ave., ers, archives, libraries, family history centers, on-line services, in- Lakewood, OH 44107-1533. [email protected] stitutions, e-mail genealogy list-servers, heraldry societies, and 2nd Vice-president: Laura Hanowski, c/o Saskatchewan Genealogi- other ethnic, religious, and national groups. FEEFHS includes or- cal Society, P.0. Box 1894, Regina, SK, Canada S4P 3EI ganizations representing all East or Central European groups that [email protected] have existing genealogy societies in North America and a growing 3rd Vice-president: Blanche Krbechek, 2041 Orkla Drive, group of worldwide organizations and individual members, from Minneapolis, MN 55427-3429. -
MESOLITHIC and NEOLITHIC HABITATION of the EASTERN BALTIC EE-2400 Tartu, Estonia and Institute of Latvian History, 19, Turgenev
[RADIOCARBON, VOL. 35, No. 3, 1993, P. 503-506] MESOLITHIC AND NEOLITHIC HABITATION OF THE EASTERN BALTIC ARVI LIIVA Institute of Zoology and Botany, Estonian Academy of Sciences, Vanemuise Street 21 EE-2400 Tartu, Estonia and ILZE LOZE Institute of Latvian History, 19, Turgenev Street, LV-1518 Riga, Latvia ABSTRACT. In this paper we consider the radiocarbon chronology of Mesolithic and Neolithic settlement sites in the eastern Baltic region. Dating of wood and charcoal from Estonian and Latvian sites establishes the periods (early, middle and late) within these epochs. We present 9014C dates, as yet unpublished in RADIOCARBON, produced by laboratories in Riga, Tallin, Tartu, Leningrad and Moscow. INTRODUCTION The Tartu, Vilnius and Leningrad laboratories radiocarbon dated samples from Mesolithic and Neolithic settlement sites of the eastern Baltic. Laboratories in Riga, Tallinn and Moscow also dated some samples; Tartu and Leningrad previously reported 36 dates (Vinogradov et al. 1966; Liiva, Ilves and Punning 1966; Dolukhanov 1970; Ilves, Punning and Liva 1970; Semyontsov et al. 1972; Dolukhanov et al. 1976). We have used 90 additional dates for our study. All 14C data presented here are uncorrected and uncalibrated. RADIOCARBON INVESTIGATIONS Radiocarbon investigations in the eastern Baltic have enabled us to establish an occupation history beginning with the Early Mesolithic. No samples were obtained from Late Paleolithic sites. The timing of the Early Mesolithic culture in Estonia and eastern Latvia was determined after dating seven samples from three habitation sites: Pulli in Estonia (5 samples), Zvejnieki II and Suagals in Latvia (2 samples). Occupation of the Pulli site, associated with the early phase of the Kunda culture, as are habitation sites of Latvia, is ascribed to 9600-9350 BP (Punning, Liiva and Ilves 1968; Ilves, Liiva and Punning 1974; Jaanits and Jaanits 1978). -
翰溺πh∵ I,Roductions, LLC
::翰溺πH∵ I,RoDUCTIoNS, LLC. ⅲo"α η 〃 O"g"〃 zℓ '"α ', '"'ℓ ' "'jMυ ona' Tr¡ -Serˇ ¡ce Defense ㅌ×h ¡b¡ t¡ on and Conforence Ded¡ cated to Defonse, Aerospace, 'nternat¡ Home'and Secu r¡ ty and Safety & Seour¡ ㏉ Apr¡ t, CROAㅜ ' 26 - 28, 201 7, sp'¡ 'A Novernber 4, 2016 a T° : Embassν of South κorea to the Repub'¡ c of Croat¡ narˇ ¡ potent¡ ㅐ ¡s E× ce''encˇ the Ambassador E× traord ¡ and P'en arv 'n attn. to: Address : κsaverska cesta 111 A— B l HR-10000 Zagreb CRoATIA Your Exce' 'ency, ng to ¡ncrease your defense and secur¡ ty exports ¡nto Eastern ㅌurope, the 4th ed¡ t¡ on of the ASDA 'f you are 'ool<¡ ¡s a tⅱ — exh¡ bit¡ on ¡s your best gateway to ach¡ eve this goa'. The Adr¡ atic Sea De노 ㅂ노出匪n“ 쯔꼬또쁘쓰끄堅쁘쁘쁘으또 serv¡ ce defense, aerospace and secu r¡ ty event for the Adr¡ at¡ c Sea and Former"n」 Yugos 'av¡ a region wh ¡ch ¡ncludes the countr¡ es of: Croat¡ a, S'oven ¡a, A' ban ¡a, κosovo, Bosn ¡a & Herzegov¡ na, Macedon ¡a, Montenegro and Serb¡ a. The ASDA exhib¡ t¡ on ¡s supported by the Croat¡ an government at the highest 'eve' and hosts high 'eν e' mi'itary de]egations from the reg¡ on and frorn other areas of the world. The prev¡ ous edit¡ on of ASDA 2o15 attracted 165 exh¡ b¡ tors from 16 countr¡ es, 3,874 pro'ess¡ onal ˇ¡s¡ tors fro 【ㄲ 54 countr¡ es and hosted MoD delegat¡ ons from 29 cou ntr¡ es. -
Original File Was Neolithicadmixture4.Tex
Supplementary Information: Parallel ancient genomic transects reveal complex population history of early European farmers Table of Contents Supplementary note 1: Archaeological summary of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in the region of today’s Hungary………………………………………………………………………....2 Supplementary note 2: Description of archaeological sites………………………………………..8 Supplementary note 3: Y chromosomal data……………………………………………………...45 Supplementary note 4: Neolithic Anatolians as a surrogate for first European farmers..………...65 Supplementary note 5: WHG genetic structure and admixture……………………………….......68 Supplementary note 6: f-statistics and admixture graphs………………………………………....72 Supplementary note 7: ALDER.....……..…………………………………………………...........79 Supplementary note 8: Simulations……………………………………………….…...................83 1 Supplementary note 1: Archaeological summary of the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods in the region of today’s Hungary The Carpathian Basin (including the reagion of today’s Hungary) played a prominent role in all prehistoric periods: it was the core territory of one cultural complex and, at the same time, the periphery of another, and it also acted as a mediating or contact zone. The archaeological record thus preserves evidence of contacts with diverse regions, whose vestiges can be found on settlements and in the cemeteries (grave inventories) as well. The earliest farmers arrived in the Carpathian Basin from southeastern Europe ca. 6000–5800 BCE and they culturally belonged to the Körös-Çris (east) and Starčevo (west) archaeological formations [1, 2, 3, 4]. They probably encountered some hunter-gatherer groups in the Carpathian Basin, whose archaeological traces are still scarce [5], and bioarchaeological remains are almost unknown from Hungary. The farmer communities east (Alföld) and west (Transdanubia) of the Danube River developed in parallel, giving rise around 5600/5400 BCE to a number of cultural groups of the Linearband Ceramic (LBK) culture [6, 7, 8]. -
Memorial of the Republic of Croatia
INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE CASE CONCERNING THE APPLICATION OF THE CONVENTION ON THE PREVENTION AND PUNISHMENT OF THE CRIME OF GENOCIDE (CROATIA v. YUGOSLAVIA) MEMORIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA ANNEXES REGIONAL FILES VOLUME 2 PART I EASTERN SLAVONIA 1 MARCH 2001 II CONTENTS ETHNIC STRUCTURES 1 Eastern Slavonia 3 Tenja 4 Antin 5 Dalj 6 Berak 7 Bogdanovci 8 Šarengrad 9 Ilok 10 Tompojevci 11 Bapska 12 Tovarnik 13 Sotin 14 Lovas 15 Tordinci 16 Vukovar 17 WITNESS STATEMENTS TENJA 19 Annex 1: Witness Statement of M.K. 21 Annex 2: Witness Statement of R.J. 22 Annex 3: Witness Statement of I.K. (1) 24 Annex 4: Witness Statement of J.P. 29 Annex 5: Witness Statement of L.B. 34 Annex 6: Witness Statement of P.Š. 35 Annex 7: Witness Statement of D.M. 37 Annex 8: Witness Statement of M.R. 39 Annex 9: Witness Statement of M.M. 39 Annex 10: Witness Statement of M.K. 41 Annex 11: Witness Statement of I.I.* 42 Annex 12: Witness Statement of Z.B. 52 Annex 13: Witness Statement of A.M. 54 Annex 14: Witness Statement of J.S. 56 Annex 15: Witness Statement of Z.M. 58 Annex 16: Witness Statement of J.K. 60 IV Annex 17: Witness Statement of L.R. 63 Annex 18: Witness Statement of Đ.B. 64 WITNESS STATEMENTS DALJ 67 Annex 19: Witness Statement of J.P. 69 Annex 20: Witness Statement of I.K. (2) 71 Annex 21: Witness Statement of A.K. 77 Annex 22: Witness Statement of H.S. -
Spis Tresci A
ŚWIAToWIT • X (LI) /A • 201 2 ToMASz KoWAL RiSAn , M OnTEnEGRO . E xCAvATiOnS in 2012 Location: Risan, opština (county) of Kotor, Montenegro Research team: Piotr dyczek – supervisor Montenegrian party: vilma Kovačević, Nikola Borović, Ivana Medenica, Aleksandra Mićunović, Adelhaida Redžović Polish party: Tomasz Kowal, Martin Lemke, Janusz Recław Funding: own resources and a national research project funded by the Ministry of Science and higher Education Excavation timeline: 18.06–11.07 2012 Risan, a town situated in the far sides of Kotor Bay, was once again an area of scientific research conducted by Polish archaeologists. Researchers from the Antiquity of Southeastern Europe Research Centre, University of Warsaw, present in Montenegro since 2001, are not the first to excavate this important settlement, dating to Illyrian and Roman times. The first archaeologist to lead the excavations at the site was Sir Arthur Evans. In the 1870s he conducted research in the Balkans, among others at Risan ( EvANS 1885: 39–52 ; W ILKES 2006: XIv). he initiated his work In 2012 we continued the excavations at the site of on the coastal strip of Carine in the northern outskirts of Carine vII. The works were carried out in two separate the town. Bounded on the south by the karst River Špila areas of the section: the so-called house of Aglaos and its and on the west by the waters of Kotor Bay, on the north vicinity, as well as at the foot of Građine hill ( Fig. 1 ). In and east this area is limited by the slopes of Građine hill the house of Aglaos a whole quarter of the insula was un- (207 m a.s.l .), belonging to the mountain range of Krivošije. -
Folkehelseoversikt, Vestre Slidre Kommune 2020
FOLKEHELSEOVERSIKT, VESTRE SLIDRE KOMMUNE 2020 Folkehelse handlar om levekår og levevanar. Dei sosiale miljøfaktorane som i størst grad påverkar folkehelsa er knytt til sosialt nettverk, bumiljø, arbeidslivstilknyting, skule og utdanning, familie og fritid. Folkehelsearbeid er samfunnets totale innsats for å halde oppe, betre og fremme folkehelsa. I dette ligg nødvendigheten av å styrke verdiar som gir det enkelte individ og grupper moglegheiter for ansvar, delaktigheit, solidaritet, mestring og kontroll over eige liv og situasjon (Helsedirektoratet, 2018). Alle kommunar skal ha ei løpande oversikt over folkehelsa. Denne skal danne grunnlag for det langsiktige folkehelsearbeidet og inngår som grunnlag for alt planarbeid i kommunen. Figur 1 viser påverknadsfaktorar for folkehelse. Figur 1. Påvirkningsfaktorar for helse. Frå Dahlgren og Whitehead (1991). Kjelde: KS (2018). 1. Befolkningsutvikling og samansetning Befolkningsutvikling er ein viktig indikator på regional utvikling og heng mellom anna saman med inntektsgrunnlaget til kommunen og tilgang på arbeidskraft. Utvikling i talet på innbyggarar har tyding for planane til kommunen når det gjeld omfang og kvalitet av dei ulike tenestene som skal leverast til innbyggarane i framtida. Pr. 1 kvartal 2020 var det 2 133 innbyggarar i Vestre Slidre. Det er ein svak, men jamn befolkningsnedgang i kommunen. Prognosane fram mot 2040 tilseier at alderssamansetninga blant innbyggarane vil bli ei stadig større utfordring då delen eldre over 80 år aukar samtidig som delen i arbeidsdyktig alder (20-66 år) går ned. Situasjonen vises i figuren under. Figur 2: Framskriven folkemende etter alder og år 2020-2040. Kjelde: SSB.no (06.01.2020). 1 Framskriven folkemengde viser framtidig utvikling ut frå føresetnader om fruktbarheit, levealder, innanlandsk flytting og innvandring. -
Editors RICHARD FOSTER FLINT GORDON
editors EDWARD S RICHARD FOSTER FLINT GORDON EN, III ---IRKING ROUSE YALE U IVE, R T ' HAVEN, _ONNEC. ICUT RADIOCARBON Editors: EDWARD S. DEEVEY-RICHARD FOSTER FLINT-J. GORDON OG1 EN, III-IRVING ROUSE Managing Editor: RENEE S. KRA Published by THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Editors: JOHN RODGERS AND JOHN H. OSTROI7 Published semi-annually, in Winter and Summer, at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. Subscription rate $30.00 (for institutions), $20.00 (for individuals), available only by volume. All correspondence and manuscripts should be addressed to the Managing Editor, RADIOCARBON, Box 2161, Yale Station, New Haven, Connecticut 06520. INSTRUCTIONS TO CONTRIBUTORS Manuscripts of radiocarbon papers should follow the recommendations in Sugges- tions to Authors, 5th ed. All copy must be typewritten in double space (including the bibliography): manuscripts for vol. 13, no. 1 must be submitted in duplicate by February 1, 1971, and for vol. 13, no. 2 by August 1, 1971. Description of samples, in date lists, should follow as closely as possible the style shown in this volume. Each separate entry (date or series) in a date list should be considered an abstract, prepared in such a way that descriptive material is distinguished from geologic or archaeologic interpretation, but description and interpretation must be both brief and informative. Date lists should therefore not be preceded by abstracts, but abstracts of the more usual form should accompany all papers (e.g. geochemical contributions) that are directed to specific problems. Each description should include the following data, if possible in the order given: 1. Laboratory number, descriptive name (ordinarily that of the locality of collec- tion), and the date expressed in years B.P. -
Slobodan MILOSEVIC
IT-02-54-T p.370i7 j)3)",j--1>'~,s-Jsf- 2~ ..)I.o(.l~ 7.,'( THE ,INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL TRIBUNAL· FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA CASE NO.]T·02·54·T THE PROSECUTOR OF.THE TRIBUNAL AGAINST SLOBODANMILOSEVIC SECOND AMENDED INDICTMENT . 'i,.-I";·",; " Tht?,prqs~~tl,tor,pf.'!J1~.: lnt~mational Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, pursuant to lIer authority under Article 18 of the Statute of the,.:Wte.w,!-~ipJ1,".gq¥¥nal,Tribunal for the Fonner. Yugoslavia ("the Statute ofthe Tribunal") charges: . f· SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC" with CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, GRAVE BREACHES OF THE GENEVA CONVENTIONS, anq"VIQLAJ'~QNSi'\OF THE LAWS OR CUSTOMS OF WAR as setforth b~Io~:' .,.....' ." . .'-,~ THE ACCUSED: ",,~,,',,;\:.'.~,::qf~';>i;,<·::·,:~,"(-<\''-::''';)~,f.";{~(,::;,':, '",,:._:',:,,_,~ .;, ,_.~\_,,:-::~,;;;, ~;'<,' 1. .....' SJ,o'bO~MItOSEVI<;",sqn. of~vetoz;fU" ,Milosey~c,.':Vasbom on 2,Q,'f\»g4sti.J94l.iIl" :£>gz~evaq,jQipresfmkda~"Serbia~ ,,'In j964~,h~ ""'",,,,,~. ;;,:":"",,,,::t:.n-"'_'>-:~'.-,_.;,:i!·.\'.·' __ ':"~)';~":""'.'.""'" .,. '.' .. j-....'.' ...••' '" "".,' _'. ' ..• -' .•',.' ." .. , ...... ,., ,,',\ ", "'."'" gI;~~atedfrdm th~~<:l;W F"sulty, of the University of. B,el~ade. and began a career in management and batiking. Until 1978,~eI1eld·the'p()stsOf deputy director and later;g,eqeral< $f~~tOJ;",fit:rehnogits; arrlitjor oil company in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ("SPRY"). 1'llereaft~~fHr p,~~e pr,~§idtWtof'1J.~l?8r,a(ls~kaplcq (B,~l!.~Clf1,ka,~"Q,pe,Of., thelarg~st\bap,lfsm th~. SF?}X, aIJ9~~~e ~~l? ~t~l,:,l?~3,·" . ',_ ,'-':: >: ,:: J:~<, < ,I.:,:" ~::'-:: ',)j~i".') '\,••i "~{'" ';;,/,~,~> :"~: "",~ <,.iJ (;,"<,'."'l,',., \ .. ,/,; 2~ Slobodan MILOSEVIC joined' the League of Communists of Yugoslavia in 1959. In 1984, he beCame Chairman of the City Colllpljttee.of.the.League\of'Commtlnists ·ofBelgiade.In 1986, he was electedthait.Inan of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the IT-02-54-T p.37016 League ofCommunists of Serbia and was re-electedin 1988.