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Scientific and Standard Common English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of Pakistan Transliterated in Urdu

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Scientific and Standard Common English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of Pakistan Transliterated in Urdu M.S. KHAN 1 Pakistan J. Zool. Suppl. Ser., No.11, pp. 1-12, 2012. Scientific and Standard Common English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of Pakistan Transliterated in Urdu Muhammad Sharif Khan* 306 N. Morton Ave, Morton, PA 19070, USA Abstract.- Checklist of amphibians, turtles, reptiles, and crocodilians known from Pakistan is presented with scientific, common names in English transliterated in Roman English and Urdu. The list is mainly from Khan (2006), updated by subsequent additions of new species and records. Key words: Scientific names, common English names, amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan, transliteration in roman Urdu. INTRODUCTION Urdu (Khan 1991b,1993, 2000, 2011), I coined Urdu names for amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan, based on morphological peculiarities, color, type Pakistan is enriched with vast natural _____________________________ resources including immense variety of plants and * Corresponding author: [email protected] animals, distributed from snow-clad Himalayas in locality etc. Urdu has unique ability to accept and the north to the sandy deserts along the shoreline in incorporate words from other languages. It is hoped the south (Khan, 1999; Khan and Khan, 2000). once common Urdu names are established among Since publication of Khan (2006), several new masses, books and articles in Urdu and other species are added to the herpetofauna of Pakistan regional languages will be possible. (Baig and Mansoor 2006; Mansoor 2008, 2009a,b; Importance of establishment of under- Cervenka and Karatochvil 2010; Nazarov et al., standing between scientific community and 2011). locals, is illustrated by what happened with us Present trimonial list of amphibians and while touring Kharan desert Balochistan in reptiles of Pakistan is prepared to make possible April, 1987. We have been noticing every communication between scientists and general morning zigzag impressions at sand surface public (including formers, field workers, everywhere around us. I knew they indicate biodiversity workers and forest department presence of Ophiomorus skinks in the area. personals etc.) to refer to a species without needing Despite hectic efforts we could not catch a to memorize or pronounce the Latinized scientific single specimen. Help arrived from unexpected names. The trinomial list is also intended to standardize the use of common names which quarters. Boys from nearby school qurious of sometimes vary in different parts of a country and our activity in the desert gathered around us. countries sharing language in a biozone. When I pointed to zigzag impressions, several A Greek, Theophrastus (287- 371BC) is called out, “Sir, are you looking for “reg-mahi” known to have pioneered folk taxonomy in order to and ran away. To our amazement, within an popularize common names for local plants and hour they returned with a bagful of wriggling animals. This naming systems is found to be vital to Ophiomorus sp! Their teacher told us, they retrieve biological information regarding animals play with these creatures after school! “Reg- and plants of a territory from locals, who daily mahi” is very popular with local Hakims, the observe them. Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778), skink is widely used in preparation of formalized comon names in scientific binominal aphrodisiacs (Khan 1987, 1991a; Khan and nomenclature in 18th century. While writing on herpetological subjects in Khan, 1997). The name “Reg-mahi” is 2 M.S. KHAN universally known and recognized throughout REFERENCES Pakistan, but scientific name Ophiomorus is not known to anybody. ANDERSON, S. C. 1999. The lizards of Iran. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles, Ithaca, New York, The universality of Urdu names will help us pp. 442. share information regarding our common animals BAIG, K. J., MANSOOR R. 2006. A new species of Eremias with locals who come day to day in contact with (Sauria: Lacertalia) from Cholistan Desert, Pakistan. them, and feed useful information regarding Russian J. Herpet., 13(3): 167-174. ecology, biology of wild animals to the scientific CERVENKA, J., KARATOCHVIL, L. 2010. Generic community. Five regional languages are spoken in reassingnment and validity of the recently described Pakistan and about 160 in India (Das, 1998). species Cyrtopodion dehakroense. Herpetology Notes, 3: 135-137. However, Urdu is very close to Hindi (Indian KRYSKO, K. I, REHMAN, H., AND AUFFENBERG. 2007. A national language), is spoken, written and new species of Cyrtopodion (Gekkonidae: Gekkoninae) understood almost throughout the subcontinent. from Pakistan. Herpetologica, 63(1): 100-113. While our regional languages Punjabi, Sindhi, DAS, I., 1998. The serpent’s tongue: a contribution to the Pushto and Balochi are spoken and understood in ethnoherpetology of India and adjacent countries. limited areas and have their own peculiar script, Chimaira Edition, Frankfurt am Main, pp. 121. vocabulary for common plants and animals, hardly KHALAF, K.T., 1959. Reptiles of Iraq, with some notes on the understood outside. Universality of common names amphibians. Ar-Rabitta Press, Baghdad, v + 96 pp. will seep into these regional languages after some KHAN, M.S., 1987. Checklist, distribution and zoogeographical affinities of herpetofauna of Balochistan. Proc. time. Pakistan Zool. Congr., 7: 105-112. In the following trinomial checklist of KHAN, M.S., 1991a. Endangered species of reptiles of Pakistan amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan, standard and suggested conservation measures. In: Handbook scientific names are followed by common name in published to mark second seminar on "Nature common English, transliterated in Roman English conservation and environmental protection", 12 March, and Urdu. Once the trinomial list becomes popular 1991, Islamabad. Pakistan Wildlife Conservation Foundation, Islamabad, pp. 42-45. hope will soon become current throughout Pakistan. KHAN, M.S., 1991b. Amphibians, lizards, turtles and snakes. Hope this list will be updated as new discoveries are Chapter 3 In: Pakistan ki Jangli Hayat (Wildlife of reported in the literature, this process can be greatly Pakistan): Publication No.241. Urdu Science Board, enhanced if users will keep author aware of any 299 Upper Mall, Lahore (in Urdu), pp. 61-124. published accounts of new species added to the list KHAN, M.S., 1993. Sar Zameen-a-Pakistan kay Saamp of Pakistan herpetofauna. (Snakes of Pakistan). Urdu Science Board, 299 Upper Mall, Lahore, pp.229. (in Urdu) METHODOLOGY KHAN, M.S., 1999. Herpetology of habitat types of Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool., 31: 275-289. Binominal nomenclature is based on KHAN, M.S., 2000. Sar Zameen-a-Pakistan kay Maindak aur Khazinday (Amphibians and reptiles of Pakistan). Urdu morphological uniqueness to define species, giving Science board, 299-Upper Mall, Lahore, pp. 138 (in it a peculiar Latinized name, usually hard to Urdu). remember and pronounced by common man. The KHAN, M.S., 2002. A guide to the snakes of Pakistan. Edition common English names are based on most apparent Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, pp. 265. readily recognizable characters: size, color, habit, KHAN, M.S., 2006. Amphibians and Reptiles of Pakistan. mode of life, after its collector, locality etc. The Krieger Publishing Co., Malabar, Florida, U.S.A. pp. 1- common names in following list are consistent with 311. the methodology used by several authors (Sharif, KHAN, M.S., 2011. Pakistan ki hawamiat: Part I Maindak. Nia 1925; Khalaf, 1959; Minton, 1966; Latifi, 1985; Zamana Publications, Temple Road, Lahore, 1-96 pp. Szczerbak and Golubev, 1996; Anderson, 1999; KHAN, M.S. AND KHAN, A.Q., 2000. Species richness of terrestrial vertebrates of Pakistan. Pakistan J. Zool., 32: Khan, 2002, 2006). 193-199. SCIENTIFIC AND STANDARD COMMON ENGLISH NAMES OF AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF PAKISTAN 3 KHAN, M.S. AND KHAN, M.R.Z., 1997. A new skink from the Thal Desert of Pakistan. Asiat. Herpetol. Res., 7:61- 67. LATIFI, M., 1991. Snakes of Iran. Society for the study of amphibans and reptiles, USA. MANSOOR, R. 2008. A new species of Cyrtopodion (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from the northern areas of Pakistan. Zootaxa, 1857: 33-43. MANSOOR, R. 2009a. A new arboreal species of Cyrtopodion (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Deh Akro-II Wetlands Complex, Sindh, Pakistan. Zootaxa, 2243: 57-67. MANSOOR, R. 2009b. Description of a new species of Eumeces (Sauria: Scincidae) from Pakistan, Zootaxa, 2161: 33-46. MINTON, S.A., 1966. A contribution to the herpetology of West Pakistan. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 134:27-184. NAZAROV, R. A., ANANJEVA, PAPANFUSS, T. J. 2011. A new species of thin-toed geckos Cyrtopodion sensu lato (Squamata: Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Balochistan Province, south P{akistan. Russian J. Herpet. 18(2): 130-136. SHARIF, M. H., 1925. Monthly “Alhakim”. Rafiq-a-Hayyat Manzil, Mochi Gate, Lahore. SZCZERBAK, N.N. AND GOLUBEV, M.L., 1986. Geckos of the USSR fauna and adjoining countries. Sci. Acad. Uckr SSR Zool. Inst. 1986:1-232, (in Russian). (1996. Gecko fauna of the USSR and Contiguous Regions (English translation). Soc. Study Amphib. Rept., 1996. (Received 2 June 2012, revised 2012) 4 M.S. KHAN CHECKLIST OF PAKISTANI AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES WITH COMMON NAMES IN ENGLISH AND URDU Checklist Common English Roman Urdu Urdu TOADS AND FROGS Toads and Frogs Maindak ﻏﻮﮎ Family BUFONIDAE Toads Gauk زﻳﺘﻮﻧﯽ ﻏﻮﮎ Bufo olivaceus Blanford, 1874 Olive toad Zatooni Gauk ﺳﻨﺪهﯽ ﻏﻮﮎ Bufo stomaticus Lütkin, 1862 Indus toad Indus Gauk ﮨﻤﺎﻟﻴﺎﺋﯽ ﻏﻮﮎ Duttaphrynus himalayanus Günther, 1864 Himalayan toad Himalayai Gauk ﮨﺰارﮦ ﻏﻮﮎ Duttaphrynus melanostictus hazarensis
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