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Tm 9-3305 Technical Manual Principles of Artillery Weapons Headquarters
Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com TM 9-3305 TECHNICAL MANUAL PRINCIPLES OF ARTILLERY WEAPONS HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 4 MAY 1981 Downloaded from http://www.everyspec.com *TM 9-3305 Technical Manual HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY No. 9-3305 Washington, DC, 4 May 1981 PRINCIPLES OF ARTILLERY WEAPONS REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS You can help improve this manual. If you find any mistakes or if you know of a way to improve the procedures, please let us know. Mail your letter, DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms), or DA Form 2028-2, located in the back of this manual, direct to: Commander, US Army Armament Materiel Readiness Command, ATTN: DRSAR-MAS, Rock Island, IL 61299. A reply will be furnished to you. Para Page PART ONE. GENERAL CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................ 1-1 1-1 2. HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT Section I. General ....................................................................................................................... 2-1 2-1 II. Development of United States Cannon Artillery......................................................... 2-8 2-5 III. Development of Rockets and Guided Missiles ......................................................... 2-11 2-21 CHAPTER 3. CLASSIFICATION OF CURRENT FIELD ARTILLERY WEAPONS Section I. General ....................................................................................................................... 3-1 3-1 -
List of Exhibits at IWM Duxford
List of exhibits at IWM Duxford Aircraft Airco/de Havilland DH9 (AS; IWM) de Havilland DH 82A Tiger Moth (Ex; Spectrum Leisure Airspeed Ambassador 2 (EX; DAS) Ltd/Classic Wings) Airspeed AS40 Oxford Mk 1 (AS; IWM) de Havilland DH 82A Tiger Moth (AS; IWM) Avro 683 Lancaster Mk X (AS; IWM) de Havilland DH 100 Vampire TII (BoB; IWM) Avro 698 Vulcan B2 (AS; IWM) Douglas Dakota C-47A (AAM; IWM) Avro Anson Mk 1 (AS; IWM) English Electric Canberra B2 (AS; IWM) Avro Canada CF-100 Mk 4B (AS; IWM) English Electric Lightning Mk I (AS; IWM) Avro Shackleton Mk 3 (EX; IWM) Fairchild A-10A Thunderbolt II ‘Warthog’ (AAM; USAF) Avro York C1 (AS; DAS) Fairchild Bolingbroke IVT (Bristol Blenheim) (A&S; Propshop BAC 167 Strikemaster Mk 80A (CiA; IWM) Ltd/ARC) BAC TSR-2 (AS; IWM) Fairey Firefly Mk I (FA; ARC) BAe Harrier GR3 (AS; IWM) Fairey Gannet ECM6 (AS4) (A&S; IWM) Beech D17S Staggerwing (FA; Patina Ltd/TFC) Fairey Swordfish Mk III (AS; IWM) Bell UH-1H (AAM; IWM) FMA IA-58A Pucará (Pucara) (CiA; IWM) Boeing B-17G Fortress (CiA; IWM) Focke Achgelis Fa-330 (A&S; IWM) Boeing B-17G Fortress Sally B (FA) (Ex; B-17 Preservation General Dynamics F-111E (AAM; USAF Museum) Ltd)* General Dynamics F-111F (cockpit capsule) (AAM; IWM) Boeing B-29A Superfortress (AAM; United States Navy) Gloster Javelin FAW9 (BoB; IWM) Boeing B-52D Stratofortress (AAM; IWM) Gloster Meteor F8 (BoB; IWM) BoeingStearman PT-17 Kaydet (AAM; IWM) Grumman F6F-5 Hellcat (FA; Patina Ltd/TFC) Branson/Lindstrand Balloon Capsule (Virgin Atlantic Flyer Grumman F8F-2P Bearcat (FA; Patina Ltd/TFC) -
Experimental Measurement of Rifle Dynamics During the Range Shooting of Biathlon Weapons
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 112 ( 2015 ) 349 – 354 7th Asia-Pacific Congress on Sports Technology, APCST 2015 Experimental measurement of rifle dynamics during the range shooting of biathlon weapons Andrey Koptyug*, Mats Ainegren SportsTech Research Center, Mid Sweden University, Akademigatan 1, SE-831 25, Östersund, Sweden Abstract Some of the shooting training that biathletes implements takes place indoors, even in hotel rooms or at home, through so-called "dry firing" training. It involves imitating shooting at a target with real rifle but without ammunition, when the result is evaluated by various electronic devices counting the number of virtual hits. But dry firing cannot adequately represent real shooting, as it does not produce any rifle recoil, which significantly limits its value for the training. To reach a higher realism of the dry firing training a system mimicking the weapon recoil is therefore needed. Present research aims to overcome an existing lack of data on the dynamics of small caliber rifles recoil dynamics. Present paper describes first measurement results acquired in the controlled environment of the shooting range. Two types of experiments were carried out with firing freely suspended rifle and when backed with the force measurement device (load cell). Average recoil peak force values were reaching 5 kg, rising from zero for about 10-15 ms and keeping altogether for about 30-40 ms. Corresponding energy going into the recoil motion of the rifle is found to be about 390 J. The measured values provide an adequate input for designing the devices mimicking the biathlon weapon recoil in dry firing training. -
Numerical Simulations of Impacts of a Spherical Shell Projectile on Small Asteroids
46th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2015) 1868.pdf NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF IMPACTS OF A SPHERICAL SHELL PROJECTILE ON SMALL ASTEROIDS. K. Kurosawa1, H. Senshu1, K. Wada1, and TDSS team, Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology, ([email protected]) Introduction: Recently, impactors have been strength of the target Y is given by Y = max(Ycoh + µP, widely used in a number of planetary exploration Ylimit), where Ycoh, µ, P, and Ylimit are the cohesion in missions [e.g., 1-4] to excavate the fresh material from the target, the coefficient of internal friction, the underground of asteroids, which are expected not to pressure in the target, and the Hugoniot elastic limit of suffer space weathering and thermal alteration due to the target. We employed the ε−α compaction model solar incidence. [11] to investigate the effects of the target porosity on The prediction of impact outcomes is necessary to the excavation processes. No gravity was included into derive scientific results as much as possible. There are the calculation. Lagrangian tracer particles were two problems, however, to predict impact outcomes on inserted into the grids to investigate the impact-driven small asteroids. First, the mechanical properties of flow field. For reference, we also conducted a few asteroids, such as the bulk porosity and the yield simulations using a dense copper spherical impactor strength, are largely unknown prior to arriving near with the same mass under the same conditions. target asteroids. Asteroids have a variation of the Results: Examples of snapshots of the simulation porosity from 0% to 80 % [5]. -
The Torpedo Incident
The Torpedo Incident The Torpedo Incident The Argus The Trip Of The Cerberus Contemporary Reports Index A Torpedo Calamity Mr Murray's Narrative Particulars of the Deceased Statement of the survivor, James Jasper Narrative of Eye Witness Captain Mandeville's Report The Inquest The Inquest The Late Gunner Groves The Geelong Advertiser Explosion at Queenscliff The Cerberus Disaster Mr Murray's Statement James Jasper's Statement Inquest on the Bodies The Funeral The Inquest The Williamstown Advertiser The Cerberus Calamity The Inquest The Funeral Inquest Report Summary Introduction Division 1 THE ARGUS Page 8, 5 March 1881 http://home.vicnet.net.au/~cerberus/torpedoincident.html (1 of 24)29/03/2005 9:28:10 PM The Torpedo Incident THE TRIP OF THE CERBERUS [BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH] (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) H.M.C.S.S. Cerberus, under the command of Captain Manderville, left her anchorage in the bay this morning, and after some practice off the Red Bluff, steamed away for the Heads. During the journey two targets were thrown out, the first being a triangle fixed up for the occasion at about 900 yards distance. The first round carried it away, and upon taking it on board it was found that it had been struck at the centre of the cross beam, and shattered to pieces. A small barrel was then put overboard with a red round to starboard. On account of the ebb tide the target drifted close to the steamer, and a tack had to be made so as to leave the target about 1,000 yards distant. -
Japanese Ordnance Markings
IAPANLS )RDNAN( MARKING KEY CHARACTERS for Essential Japanese Ordnance Materiel TABLE CHARACTER ORDNANCE TABLE CHARACTER ORDNANCE Tanks 1* Trucks MG Cars 11 Rifle Vehicles Pistol Carbine Sha J _ _ Bullet Grenade 2 Shell (w. #12) 12 Artillery Shell Bomb (w. #18) (W. #2) Rocket Dan Ryi Cannon !i~iI~Mark Number and 13~ Data on Bombs Howitzer Mortar H5 Go' 1 Metric Terms Explosives 14 Ammunition (Weight & Dimension) Yaku Sanchi Miri 5 Type 15 Aircraft Shiki . Ki Year 6 16 Metals Month Nen Getsu Tetsu Gasoline Fuze 7 ~Fuel Oils 17 Cap Lubricating Oils Train Yu Kan Primer Shell Case Airplane Bomb 8 Bangalore Torpedo 18 (w. #2) Grenade Launcher Complete Round To' Baku 9 (o) Unit or 9 (Organization 19 Factory He) Gun Sho Mines 10 Torpedo (Aerial) 20 n Arsenal Rai Sho RESTRICTED Translation of JAPANESE ORDNANCE MARKINGS AUGUST, 1945 A. S. F. OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ORDNANCE WASHINGTON, D. C. RESTRICTED RESTRICTED Table of Contents PAGE SECTION ONE-Introduction General Discussion of Japanese Characters........................................... 1 Unusual Methods of Japanese Markings....................................................... 5 SECTION TWO-Instructions for Translating Japanese Markings Different Japanese Calendar Systems......................................................... 8 Japanese Characters for Type and Modification............................................ 9 Explanation of the Key Characters and Their Use....................................... 10 Key Characters for Essential Japanese Ordnance Materiel.......................... 11 Method of Using the Key Character Tables in Translation............................ 12 Tables of Basic Key Characters for Japanese Ordnance................................ 17 SECTION THREE-Practical Reading and Translation of Japanese Characters Japanese Markings Copied from a Tag Within an Ammunition Box.......... 72 Japanese Markings on an Airplane Bomb.................................................... 73 Japanese Markings on a Heavy Gun................................................... -
Engineering Design Handbook Guns Series Muzzle Devices.Pdf
UNCLASSIFIED AD NUMBER AD838748 LIMITATION CHANGES TO: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. FROM: Distribution authorized to U.S. Gov't. agencies and their contractors; Administrative/Operational Use; MAY 1968. Other requests shall be referred to Army Materiel Command, Alexandria, VA. AUTHORITY USAMC ltr 22 Jul 1971 THIS PAGE IS UNCLASSIFIED AM Lp - AMC PAMPHLET ENGINEERING DESIGN HANDBOOK GUNS SERIES MUZZLE DEVICES 3 0 SF' lC£8 ' m® -WY SUM * ©?V BOT DKTHTIJ HEADQUARTERS, U.S. ARMY MATERIEL COMMAND MAY 1968 REDSTONE SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION CENTER nun 5 0510 00231346 5 FTEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES ARMY MATERIEL COMMAND WASHINGTON, D.C. 20315 AMC PAMPHLET 17 May 1968 No. 706-251 ENGINEERING DESIGN HANDBOOK GUNS SERIES MUZZLE DEVICES This pamphlet is published for the information and guidance of all concerned. (AMCRD-R) FOR THE COMMANDER: OFFICIAL : CLARENCE J. LANG Major General, USA Chief of Staff Chief. Administrative Office DISTRIBUTION Special AMCP 706-251 PREFACE The Engineering Design Handbook Series of the Army Materiel Command is a coordinated series of handbooks containing basic in- formation and fundamental data useful in the design and develop- ment of Army materiel and systems. The handbooks are authorita- tive reference books of practical information and quantitative facts helpful in the design and development of Army materiel so that it will meet the tactical and the technical needs of the Armed Forces. This handbook is one cf a series on Guns and presents informa- tion on the fundamental operating principles and design of muzzle devices. Because of higher priorities assigned in the past to other activities, progress in the design of bore evacuators, noise suppres- sors, and smoke suppressors was not shared with that of muzzle brakes, blast deflectors, and flash suppressors. -
Reloading Brass Shotshells Pt 2.Pdf
R.H. VanDenburg, Jr. Continued from Handloader No. 266 ext is the loading proce- ELOADING dure. One of the things un- R covered in all this is that Nbrass shells can generate higher velocities than paper or plas- tic, all other things being equal. So 1 if you plan to create a 3-dram, 1 ⁄8- ounce, 12-gauge load of 1,200 fps, for example, Brass you might not need any- where near the called for amount of powder. 38 www.handloadermagazine.com Handloader 267 PART II: Technical Tips Shotshells A lot of things factor into such events, such as bar- rel length and diameter, chamber length, atmos- pheric conditions, powder brand and grade, wad column and so forth. Waterfowlers might rejoice, but if you are competing in a timed event where re- covery between shots is important, this is a good thing to know. Typically, this occurs in the CBC shell only with black powder. With smokeless pow- der, performance is degraded. In the RMC shell, higher velocity occurs with both types of powder. The actual loading of brass shotshells differs from that which we are accustomed to with either metal- lic cartridges or modern shotshells. We have the luxury of loading one shell at a time as we typically load shotshells on a single-stage press or batch pro- cessing, i.e., completing one step on all the shells to be loaded before beginning the next step, as we usually load metallic cartridges. Either way the first aid we should obtain is a loading block. It is indis- pensable. -
1) a Moving Electron of Mass Me and Initial Speed V1 Collides Head on with an Initially Stationary Hydrogen Atom of Mass Mp
1) A moving electron of mass me and initial speed v1 collides head on with an initially stationary Hydrogen atom of mass mp. The collision is elastic and remains 1-dimensional. If mp / me = 1840: (a) What is the center of mass velocity? (b) What does this collision look like from the center of mass reference frame? Draw two pictures (before and after ). (c) what fraction of the electron’s initial kinetic energy is transferred to the Hydrogen atom ? 2) A certain spring is found not to conform to Hooke’s law. The return force it exerts on being 3 extended a distance x is found to be F = -(k1x + k2x ). a) Compute the potential energy function for this force. b) If a mass m is attached to the spring and stretched out to a distance xo, what speed will it have on release when it is at the position x = xo/2 ? 3) A stone of weight w is thrown vertically upward into the air from ground level with initial speed v0. If air drag exerts a force of constant magnitude f on the stone throughout its flight: a) what is the maximum height reached by the stone ? b) what is the return speed just before impact on the way down ? 4) A 1400 kg cannon fires a 70 kg shell with a muzzle speed of 556m/s.If the cannon is mounted on frictionless rails and set at an elevation of 39 degrees above the horizontal: a) What is the recoil speed of the cannon? b) At what angle with respect to the ground is the shell projected? 5) Newton's second law is best stated in terms of momentum because in that form variable mass problems can be simply treated. -
Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy 1
Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy 1 Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy The Project Gutenberg EBook of Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Artillery Through the Ages A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America Author: Albert Manucy Release Date: January 30, 2007 [EBook #20483] Language: English Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy 2 Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ARTILLERY THROUGH THE AGES *** Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Christine P. Travers and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net ARTILLERY THROUGH THE AGES A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Conrad L. Wirth, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. -- Price 35 cents (Cover) FRENCH 12-POUNDER FIELD GUN (1700-1750) ARTILLERY THROUGH THE AGES A Short Illustrated History of Cannon, Emphasizing Types Used in America Artillery Through the Ages, by Albert Manucy 3 by ALBERT MANUCY Historian Southeastern National Monuments Drawings by Author Technical Review by Harold L. Peterson National Park Service Interpretive Series History No. 3 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON: 1949 (Reprint 1956) Many of the types of cannon described in this booklet may be seen in areas of the National Park System throughout the country. -
Simulation of Cannon Recoil Dynamics for Light Vehicles Using Single Body Models
UNCLASSIFIED/UNLIMITED Simulation of Cannon Recoil Dynamics for Light Vehicles Using Single Body Models David C. Rutledge, Ph.D. Staff Engineer United Defense 4800 East River Road Minneapolis, MN 55421-1498 [email protected] SIMULATION OF CANNON RECOIL DYNAMICS FOR LIGHT VEHICLES USING SINGLE BODY MODELS Firing a large caliber cannon mounted on a lightweight vehicle can result in severe pitching reaction angles and driver accelerations. These dynamic responses must be small enough to allow the crew and vehicle to fight effectively, hence their prediction is a key aspect of weapon integration with land vehicles. United Defense uses two classes of models to predict cannon firing dynamics: • Single body, time invariant, models that focus more on delivering timely results. These are best used to close in on the correct answer, which is appropriate for rapid prototyping efforts and trend studies. • Multibody transient dynamic models such as Dynamic Analysis and Design System (DADS), which can deliver more accurate results. Such models are used for detailed design and development. The single body, time invariant, vehicle/suspension models developed at United Defense contain simplified representations of vehicle components, resulting in reduced modeling fidelity. The primary simulation inputs include firing impulse and peak force. The vehicle mass properties, geometry, and position of any stabilizers then determine vehicle response. The primary outputs are vehicle reaction angle and driver acceleration, which are determined by calculating the initial angular velocity, pitching and rolling moments, and lateral force from firing. The outputs are typically plotted as a function of cannon azimuth and elevation. The models are then tuned to correlate with previous results from firing data and DADS simulations, increasing their accuracy. -
A Strategic Plan for the Crusader Howitzer
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2001-12 A strategic plan for the Crusader Howitzer. Lockard, William M. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/9707 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS A STRATEGIC PLAN FOR THE CRUSADER HOWITZER by William M. Lockard December 2001 Thesis Advisor: David Matthews Associate Advisor: Keith Snider Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 2001 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: Title (Mix case letters) 5. FUNDING NUMBERS A Strategic Plan for the Crusader Howitzer 6. AUTHOR(S) William M. Lockard 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S.