The American Legion Monthly [Volume 9, No. 6 (December 1930)]

qhMERICAN EGION (Monthly

THE GIRL FROM Continuing — THE RIVER WHEN MR. BAKER (By CMeredith MADE WAR CAficholson Qx/ Frederick Calmer JOHN HANCOCK SERIES

To the American Legion: Two Great Days in Boston's Memory

NOVEMBER 11, 1918 OCTOBER 7, 1930 (Armistice Day) (The Big Parade)

TTwelve years ago, Boston wildly acclaimed the news that heralded your return to our native soil. And close to the anniversary of that well-remembered autumn tlay, Boston was proud to give you the welcome which has awaited you ever since you came home. May you recall that welcome, as we remember your visit, with continued friendliness and satisfaction. And may you also remember that the John Hancock's latch- string is always out for Legionnaires, as it was during the days of your Convention.

SUPPLIED OIV REQUEST

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Cover Design: new England by Lowell L. Balcom

V 1 HE vjIRL l'ROM I HE JtvIVP.R by iviei eciitri iMcnoison 5 Illustrations by Hubert Mathieu When Mr. Barer Made War: Part Two by Frederick Palmer 10

V Editorial with cartoon by John Cassel 18

Way Down East by Marquis James 20

V For God and Country by Philip Von Blon 26

The Debt of Service by John J. Noll 32 From Soup to Nuts by Wallgren 34 1 Bursts and Duds conducted by Tip Bliss 35

Keeping Step by Right Guide 36

Then and Now by The Company Clerk 38 The Unfinished Battle 62

The Message Center by The Editor 64 THE STARS IN THE FLAG

Washington: The 42c! State, admitted to the Union No- over), 1900, 40.8; 1910, 53.0; 1920, 55.2. Area, 69,127 sq. vember 11, 1880. Its coast lines were visited before miles. Density of population (1920 U. S. Census), 20.3 per American occupancy by seafaring men from Spain, France, sq. mile. Rank among States (1920 U. S. Census), 30th in England and Russia. Its northern boundary was in dispute population, 19th in area, 34th in density. Capital, Olympia for half a century. As a part of the Oregon Country it was (1920 U. S. Census), 7,795. Three largest cities (1929 U. S. jointly occupied by Great Britain and the United States under est.), Seattle, 411,500; Tacoma, 110,500; Spokane, 109,100. the treaty of 1818. In 1845, we sought to fix the Estimated wealth (1923 U. S. Census), $5,122,405,- northern boundary at a line that the Russians had 000. The principal sources of wealth: all crops approved, 54°4o' latitude, and when England re- (1920 Census) were valued at $227,212,000 includ- fused to agree, a war party here raised the cry ing cereals, vegetables, forage crops and fruit ap- ; "54 40 or fight." Under the treaty of June 15, 1846, ple crop, $38,823,000; manufactured output (1923 Great Britain and the United States agreed that U. S. Census), lumber and timber products, $290,-

the 40th parallel, now the northern boundary of 666,512 ; planing mill products, paper $18,085,815 ; Washington, should be the northern limits of the and wood pulp, $13,454,535; slaughtering and United States. Later, a dispute over the owner- meat packing, $26,453,683; flour and grist mill 1 ship of San Juan Island, that had been referred to products, $30,025,606; fish canning, $8,313,990; the German Emperor for settlement, was decided value of mineral products (1925), $22,382,132, in- in our favor, 1872. American pioneers, trappers, hunters and cluding coal, cement, clay products, sand and gravel. Wash- missionaries who settled there during the era of joint occu- ington had 66,541 men and women in World War service. pancy with Great Britain, really won the region for the United State motto, adopted 1853, Al-Ki (By and By). Origin of States. Congress organized Washington Territory, March 2, name: Originally called Columbia Territory many believed it 1853. Population, i860, 11,594; 1028 (U. S. est.), 1,587,000. might be confused with the District of Columbia, so Congress Percentage of urban population (communities of 2,500 and changed it to Washington Territory. Nickname: Chinook.

Robert F. Smith, General Manager V B. L. Domhrowski, Advertising Manager Richard E. Brann, Business Manager v John T.Winterich, Editor Philip Von Blon, Managing Editor William MacLean, Art Editor

Alexander Gardiner and John J. Noll, Associate Editors

The American Legion Monthly is the official publication of The American Legion and The Ametican Legion Auxiliary and is owned exclusively by The American Legion. Copyright, 1930, by The Legion Publishing Corporation. Published monthly at Indianapolis, Ind. Entered as second class matter January 5, 1925, at the Postoffice at Indianapolis, Ind., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized January 5, 1925. Price, single copy 25 cents; yearly subscription in the United States and possessions of the United States $1.50, in Canada $2, in other countries $2.50. In reporting change of address, be sure to include the old address as well as the new. Publication Office, Indianapolis, Ind.; Eastern Advertising Office, 521 Fifth Avenue, New York City; Western Advertising Office, 410 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago.

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DVCeredith CNicholson-

WMffJMMIM The white moonlight flooding the valley greet- Illustrations ed her, and the silvery brightness after the at- mosphere of the house Hubert Mathieu caused her to blink

HENher bounded resentfully but companions righted itself and with re- went to watch lief she laid her curly head the dice- on a cushion of most satis- throwing in the sun-parlor fying softness. She relaxed the girl remained at the with a sigh, carrying into card-table, listlessly play- oblivion a comforting sense ing with an empty glass. of the sweetness of clean The rhythms of a jazz rec- air and the soothing mur- ord that had been set going mur of rippling water. with the "repeat" open In her fumbling she had beat upon her brain like loosened the rope that held hammer strokes. It hadn't the canoe to the landing troubled her before but and in a moment the cur- now that she was left alone rent swung it free. As if in the machine became a spite- joy of its liberty it darted ful, torturing monster. It into the channel, bearing seemed much simpler to its unconscious passenger run away from it than to on a zig-zag course between cross the room and turn it the high banks. A mile of off. The door that opened this; then an eddy im- on the veranda was nearer pelled it toward a boat- than the offending instru- house. ment and she needed air. Roger Peyton had put Yes; that was it, she had up his canoe after a cruise drunk too much and she upstream and was lighting wasn't used to it. his pipe when the undi- The familiar two-step rected craft wobbled toward was mounting furiously to him. He caught it with a its climax and she must boat-hook and drew it in, act quickly. It had been a his eyes upon the sleeping mistake to visit the Dar- girl. leys they were not her sort "Here's a how - d' - ye- ; and she hazily recalled that do!" he exclaimed and lift- it was something disagree- ed the canoe onto the plat- able affecting her brother form. The girl made no that had brought her there; sign beyond a deep sigh at and Dick Saybrook insisted the jarring of the craft. He on making love to her. She clasped the hand that had rose, steadying herself for a lain over the canoe's side moment against the table and found it wet and cold. and gained the door. The He scanned the moonlit white moonlight flooding river, thinking her corn- the valley pa n i o n s greeted her might be and the near at silvery hand and brightness, then, fur- after the ther effort smoky at- THE GIRL FROM failing to mosphere arouse of the house, caused her to her, he took her in his arms blink. She crossed the ver- and bore her up the steps anda to the steps that led and along a path that led down to the river and grasped through a strip of woodland the railing. the RIVER to a brown bungalow. Such a lot of steps! Her "Martha!" he shouted as legs were ridiculously unequal to a careful descent and she gained he crossed the veranda with the helpless form in his arms. the bottom with a rush. She had lost one of her satin slippers and A colored woman appeared quickly from the back of the house, in picking it up she became giddy and decided to lie down on the snapping on the lights in the living room. bench by the waterside. The bench was hard but there were "Fo' Gawd's sake, Mist' Peyton! Is somebody daid?" cushions in the canoes moored at the landing. She was on her "Not yet! I found her floating down the river in a canoe!" knees groping for a cushion when another thought struck her. A He laid his burden on a couch and stepped back while the canoe would be a very pleasant place to rest; but canoes were very negress put her head to the girl's heart and sniffed her breath. tricky. She wished the canoe would behave itself and stand still, "Passed clean out!" said Peyton. for the effort of steadying it brought again that blinding dizziness. He contemplated his unexpected guest with growing concern Irritated, she grasped it with one hand and tumbled in. The craft considered and dismissed a thought that he might get himself into

DECEMBER, 1930 "

trouble by giving her harborage. He wasn't afraid of getting into trouble. Any fear that might have been born in him had been obliterated in certain adventures overseas ten years earlier. Still, charging nests of machine guns and being shot at hadn't prepared him for such an adventure as this. To begin telephoning his neighbors that he had found a strange girl floating down the stream would be to invite publicity for what quite possibly was only a harmless escapade. She was young and her face bore no marks of hard living. Her blue evening gown, somewhat crumpled, indicated a degree of prosperity and this supported his assumption that she might have come from one of the country estates scattered along the river. She might have come from the Darleys'. And, farther up the river, was the Blue Bird, a country supper place that figured occasionally in the police news. This girl wasn't that sort. He dismissed the Blue Bird. "Well, Martha," he said musingly, "we're responsible for her now. It may be best to get a doctor— "Mist' Peyton, a doctah sho' would laugh at us fo' draggin' him out heah to see a girl that'd jes' got a little too much gin. He sho' would!" "All right, Martha. Put her to bed and take good care of her." "Bes' thing to do," said Martha. "I reckin huh folks'll be mighty skeered when she doan come home." "Wherever she came from the people ought to be kicked for letting her get into this state and not watching her," said Pey- ton. "If she'd kept on down to the dam there'd have been another lost girl mystery by morning!" When the guest room was ready he carried her in and gave her into the keeping of the negress. The pathos of her limp figure, and her face, ghastly white outside the light touches of rouge, appealed to his chivalry. It would be interesting to hear what this unknown would have to say for

herself in the morning . . . After taking another look at the river to satisfy himself that the girl's friends were The girl made no sign beyond not searching for her he went into the house and to his room. "I suppose— " she hesitated Martha had established herself on a couch near the guest room and went on a little challeng- " door and was sound asleep. ingly, —I suppose you're entitled to some explanation?" "Most certainly not!" Peyton exclaimed with a gesture that AT THIRTY-FIVE Roger Peyton was a partner in one of the dismissed the matter of explanations. i- best law firms in the thriving mid-western city where his "You're very kind," she said gravely. "Your maid has been father before him had been a man of mark. The bungalow served very nice to me—pressing my dress and looking after me quite him as a refuge for week-end sequestrations, or when he had work beautifully!" in hand that could be done more satisfactorily away from the "Martha's a good soul. I hope you're hungry! There'll be office. Martha and her equally trustworthy husband kept the waffles—unless Martha's forgot it's Sunday. Shall we sit down?" house ready for him at all times. Peyton's eligibility as a bachelor For the first time he saw her eyes—gray-blue eyes—that met was rated high, but he had manifested no haste in choosing a wife. his gaze steadily. A ray of sunlight struck gold in her curls. Sleep He was by nature a studious, reflective person and hard service and a cold shower had transformed her into a very different per- in the army had made him a philosopher. Complaints of the son from the limp figure he had lifted from the canoe. She bore changes that were revolutionizing society didn't bother him every mark of good breeding and her voice—he was fastidious as

greatly. It had always been a blundering, erring world . . . to voices—had a pleasant, cultivated timbre. Up early the next morning he ran down to the river for a swim The dining room table was so arranged that both had the bene- and had just finished dressing when Martha knocked to an- fit of the view from the broad open windows. He called her at- nounce breakfast. tention to the lordly beeches that crowded close about the house. "Ah, Martha! Is our guest still with us?" A breeze, sweet with summer scents, played with the chintz cur- "Oh, yes, seh! She wanted to know how she got heah and tains. A cardinal sang in a lilac bush near the window. One thing seemed right dre'fully upset when I tol' huh. Kinda flabbe'gasted, was certain; whatever her history or the cause of her appearance too, when I tol' huh you was all the fambly they was heah. But I on the river she hadn't sacrificed her self-respect. Her composure said you was a puffec' lamb and she jes' mighty lucky to fall into was complete. yo' hands!" "It's like a fairy tale to be banqueted like this—when I'm just "Thank you, Martha, for them kind words!" a girl from nowhere! It's a shameful confession but I don't remember a thing about how I got here. I arrived in a canoe, didn't HE WAS in the living room turning the pages of a magazine I? Borrowed property—I hope it's safe!" when the guest room door opened and the girl appeared. "Quite. It's much more important that you're safe. No! You She hesitated a moment on the threshold, sweeping him with a mustn't give me credit for rescuing you! You drifted right up to questioning, appraising glance. my boat house! I couldn't have let you drift further—there were

The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly " ,

She was silent for a moment and then added in a tone and manner that touched him: "And may I say this —that meeting you in this odd way— the at- mosphere of your house —the spirit in which you've met me—have put heart in me? Last " night He was surprised, not a little mystified by her earnestness, which seemed to carry her to the verge of some revelation. She was in trouble and whatever its nature he was instantly her partisan. "A change of air is good for everybody," he said quickly, reading in her eyes what he took to be regret that she had gone so far. "I have another place up in Michigan — Massene- qua—that I can dash to at any season—whenever I get fed up with things down here. Nor- ton, a college professor friend of mine who is bothered with nerves, quit his job to raise apples. He lives at Massenequa all the year —puts in the winters writing. He and his wife have a grand time. I went up for Christ- mas last winter. We took long tramps along the lake through snow knee-high and talked till midnight before their big fireplace." "How jolly!" she ex- a deep sigh at the jarring of the craft claimed, her eyes glow- dangers ahead ! ing. "I'd love that sort of thing. And—do they pop corn and "Well—there were roast apples on the hearth?" dangers behind too!" Her face clouded but cleared instantly. "Yes!" laughed Peyton. "They actually do just those things! " " What a lovely place you have here! Fine, I should think, for You'd like the Nortons getting away from things and a grand place to ponder the mys- A car honked in the driveway and she jumped up in alarm. " teries of life "Don't worry!" exclaimed Peyton, springing to the door. "You do me too much honor! I'm an humble barrister and have "Probably some friends on their way to the golf club. Just a mo- to be quite practical to earn my living." ment and I'll get rid of them!" "Good gracious!" she exclaimed with mock astonishment. From a window in the living room she saw Peyton, with his "When I looked out this morning the rolling fields and a mysteri- hand resting on the door of a car that had stopped in the drive- ous woods away off yonder suggested romance!" way, talking to an elderly man. A handsome fellow—her host, "Is it possible!" he exclaimed. "I hadn't thought of it! I with his deeply bronzed face, close-trimmed dark hair and shoul- merely enjoy the quiet!" ders that still bore testimony to the good work of some drill "But," the humor danced in her eyes, "a silly young woman sergeant. His white flannel suit was becoming; as he talked the floats down the river and spoils your peaceful Sabbath breakfast! ends of his blue polka dot tie fluttered in the wind. I feel terribly guilty!" Now was the time to go. It would be easy to slip away and ef- "You should!" he rejoined in her own key. "It's most annoying face herself utterly. Ungracious; perhaps, but any discourtesy to have an attractive guest float in for Sunday waffles!" was outweighed by other considerations. She crossed the veranda "Dear me! I thought so!" she said with a prettily feigned air of and sped across the lawn. Seeing through the woodland the river taking his remark seriously. "But surely one disagreeable Sun- gleaming in the morning sun she ran down to the boathouse, day morning can't spoil your life. Please believe that I'm not in launched a canoe she identified by its cushions, seized a paddle the habit of getting tipsy and drifting about on strange rivers for and pushed off, sending the craft upstream with steady, practiced kind gentlemen to rescue!" strokes. "Then the episode has given us both a new experience! Let us The cool morning air was grateful to her senses, and she was refer no more to the manner of your coming!" exhilarated by the resistance of the current. After all it was good "Thank you! Perhaps—I wasn't—so much to blame! I'm a to be alive! Life was not unlike a river current and it was rather stranger in your city and my being on the river was due to rather fun to struggle against it ! She was surprised to find how her host —unhappy circumstances." There was a hint of tears in her eyes of the night suggested thoughts like these. Self-mastery, con- and the tremor of her lips suggested some deep, hidden trouble. fidence, impatience of petty things were qualities she had read "You must let me thank you. It would have been a serious blow in his eyes and in the firm lines of his face. Roger Peyton—she to someone if anything had happened to me—just now." had seen his name on the fly-leaf of a book in her room. She liked DECEMBER, 1930 the name; somehow it suited him, in the curious way names have of seeming to express their owners. How infinitely kind he had been! It was silly of her to drop her guard for that one moment at the table and let him see that she was unhappy. She let the craft half swing into the current as her eyes caught sight of the Darley house. It was half past nine and they would all be sleeping late. She landed, walked round to the porte- cochere, and stole up the stairs. A little breath- less she gained her room, rumpled up the bed and hurriedly changed her evening gown to a sports dress. A maid knocked and asked if she needed anything. "No, thank you, Mary. Has anyone gone down?" "Only Mr. Saybrook, Miss Osborne. He said to ask if you'd be down." "Yes; at once." Saybrook, a tall, blond young man, was pacing the floor when she reached the living room. He did not hear her step and started as she bade him good morning. "Helen! Well, it was some night! I feel like the devil. What became of you anyhow? I looked for you all over the place!" "Oh, I'd committed the sin of drinking too much and went out for a breath of air!" "You!" he cried incredulously. "That's a good one! Well, so did the rest of us—except Tom and Mabel! They went to bed early. Frankly, I don't remember how or when I passed out!" "Well, it's hardly important," she remarked indifferently and sat down. "I'm a fool to drink with all this trouble on," said Saybrook. "Of course Tom doesn't realize what a nasty mess he's in—if I were in his fix I'd keep permanently spifflicated!" "Kindly remember that Tom is my brother!" she said sharply. "Pardon me, Helen! God knows I wouldn't say a word to trouble you. But this business has upset me terribly. It was fine of you to come here for this meeting—I had you come here with Tom and Mabel in case something unpleasant broke while I was away from New York." He glanced about and lowered his voice. " "If I didn't love you I'd still be doing the best I can for Tom "Oh, I simply can't believe it's true! He's really very sick. I haven't the heart to talk to him about it." "It's better you didn't. Please understand, Helen, that I'm doing all I can to pull Tom out of this. I'll go into my own pocket for all I can stand but it will take more than I've got. Fifty thousand will save him and I promise you to clear it all up if you can manage that. And Helen you've got to marry me! I've loved — " you from the time I first laid eyes on you "Don't! Please don't!" She shrank away from him as he tried to take her hands. —Peyton—of Barker, Gaston and Peyton. Smart chap. Beat me Voices were heard in the hall above and Darley—a swarthy, in a case—which cost me a hundred thousand bucks." stocky man of fifty—came in briskly. "Peyton, did you say?" demanded Saybrook. "Good morning, Helen! Ah, Saybrook. Starving? Well, here "Roger Peyton," Darley chuckled. "By George! He made an come some more folks who refuse to eat breakfast in bed!" argument in that case my lawyers couldn't answer! Since then Helen went to meet her brother and his wife as they appeared I've given him my business and he's the most satisfactory lawyer at the door. Tom Osborne was slight, fair, and bore a marked re- I ever had. Maybe you'd like to meet him?" semblance to his sister. He looked ill, harassed; seemed to be "No thanks!" Saybrook answered with a shrug. "We were in forcing himself to carry off the exchange of good-mornings. He college together but I'd forgotten he lived out here. Conceited had slept well, he said in answer to Helen's eager questioning. ass—with a weakness for sticking his nose into other people's They were joined by two other men and three women, guests business." of the household, who talked volubly of the night's events as "But he's really awfully nice," said Mrs. Sanderson, who en- Darley led the way to a shady corner of the terrace where the joyed a wide social acquaintance in the corn-belt provinces. breakfast table was set. Their gains and losses at craps was the "He has a right to be conceited— the girls make such a fuss immediate topic of conversation. about him!" "I'm going to stick to bridge after this," said Lonsdale, a Los "Piff !" Darley ejaculated. "I'll bet girls don't worry him much! Angeles friend of Darley's. "I always lose with dice. It seems to I like him because you don't have to tell him anything twice—he me I'm out a grand." gets you the first time!" "Make it two to me," said Ferguson, a guest from Boston. Helen had listened with feigned indifference to these comments "What wasn't settled in cash by four this morning doesn't go," on Peyton. Perhaps he was just the person to counsel her in her said Darley. perplexity . . . She did a great deal of intensive thinking all the Helen, pretending an interest in breakfast which Martha's rest of the day. waffles had made unnecessary, was satisfied that no one suspected that she had been gone all night. Her thoughts were given an- THE bird had flown! Peyton, hurrying back to the bungalow, other turn as Ferguson asked Darley about a red-roofed villa that was chagrined to find that his unknown guest had vanished. was visible from the terrace. Martha, summoned from the kitchen, could only sputter a dis- "Burnham, the canned-goods king," Darley replied. "And avowal of any knowledge of the young lady's departure. that bungalow on the bluff below here belongs to a young lawyer "She's certainly a quick worker!" said Peyton. He dashed to

8 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly —

Miss Helen Osborne of New York and Pasadena; Mr. and Mrs. Fred- erick Lonsdale of Los Angeles; Mr. and Mrs. Sanford Ferguson of Bos- ton; Mrs. Lawrence Sanderson of Cincinnati and Mr. Richard Forrest Saybrook of New York.

PEYTON read and reread the item then perused the whole section carefully to make sure that some other villa on the river was not entertaining out of town guests. Fernwood was the only place mentioned and Helen Osborne's name grew large as he stared at it. The pre- sumptions were all in favor of this being the girl he had put up for the night. There were Osbornes of distinction in New York and there had been a Tom Osborne who had done something quite

splendid at St. Mihiel . . . New York and Pasadena; that took in the whole continent and a nice time he'd have looking for her! Quite calm again he scrutinized the list more carefully. Ferguson was a polo player of international reputation. He frowned over the name Saybrook; found a roster of the alumni of his college: class of '17. Yes; there it was: Richard For- rest Saybrook. That was the war class; graduation advanced when the call to the colors came. Here were the stars against the names of the men who had died over yonder. Not Saybrook 's! He'd served his country at a mahogany desk some- where. Pacing the veranda Peyton recalled two episodes in Saybrook's life that had touched his own. There was the case of Billy Meade, a sophomore in college in Peyton's last year, whom Saybrook had cards. Peyton and Blake, another senior, had forced Saybrook to tear up the check which Meade had given for his losses. Much detail connected with the incident rose vividly in Peyton's memory. Meade wasn't fair game; that was it. And again, after the war, Peyton and a party had come upon Compton, a cousin of Saybrook's, in a dangerous pass in the Canadian Rockies. A storm was raging and Compton had become ill— his heart upset by the altitude and had fallen and broken his leg. In a panic of fear Say- brook had abandoned the stricken man and made his way to safety. A sinister feature of the thing was the fact that Compton carried considerable life insurance which would have gone to Saybrook if Compton had perished. Saybrook had already left for the East when Peyton's party got Compton down the mountain.

canoe Unpleasant memories . . . What was Saybrook doing at gone. The river that had brought Darley's? The bright goddess of his breakfast table cer- her had stolen her away! He re- tainly didn't belong in any company that embraced Dick turned to the bungalow, paused in Saybrook . . . Something extraordinary must be found the dining room and stared at the to explain her flight down the river ... It was none of his chair in which she had sat, flashing business . . . Bui Darley was a rough diamond with a him now and then one of her ef- reputation for square-dealing. If Saybrook was the cause fulgent smiles. of her trouble she had Darley at hand to help her . . . Pey- He seized the telephone and ton brought himself to a better mood about the girl who had begged off from a promise to play golf with one of his partners adorned his breakfast table . . . He wanted very much to see and broke a dinner engagement for that evening. He must keep that curly head again! the day for himself—to think. Yes; he had a lot of thinking to do At the Darleys' the next morning Tom looked seriously ill and about the girl who, now that she had gone, seemed to mock him Helen hadn't the heart to mention his trouble to him. Mrs. Dar- from some immeasurable distance. And he knew no more about ley announced that a bothersome tooth made necessary a trip to her than if she had been a goddess who had strayed from Olympus! town to see the dentist. Helen, needing time to think, caught He lit his pipe and took up the Sunday newspapers, hastily eagerly at the chance to go along. scanning and tossing the sheets aside. He reached the society The drive and the stir of town life gave her courage. She most section and his eyes followed the reports of the diversions of the certainly would not turn over to Saybrook what amounted to a socially eminent. He might find a clue here and straightway he quarter of her personal fortune without taking counsel of some read: one. It was arranged that she would do her shopping and meet Mrs. Darley in an hour. She went into a drug-store to consult a Mr. and Mrs. George Burton Darley have delayed their de- directory. Barker, Gaston & Peyton were in the First National parture for York Harbor and are entertaining a house party Building, which proved to be just across the street. The elevator at their country home, Fernwood-on-the-River. Their guests shot her to the eighteenth story with disconcerting speed and, include Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Bailey Osborne of New York; assailed again by doubts, she paused {Continued on page 40)

DECEMBER, 1930 9 When Mr. MADE successor whose acuteness would make his probity secure against all forms of approach, had turned to a man he knew, an Ohio lawyer who had been a political opponent. Stanton had vigor in dynamic surfeit and redoubtable honesty, and, accompanying these qualities, and not always ornamenting them, a contumaci- ous self-confidence which broke into storms of railing temper with those who crossed the purposes of the ruler from the throne of that high desk. No one except Lincoln and himself might look into the telegram box; and he would have been better pleased if the President did not look so often and were more given to mind- ing his own business. The criticisms of Stanton never included any suggestion that he lacked personality. He had no buzzers to summon subordinates, no telephone at his service when the "electric telegraph" was still a new-fangled thing. His stormy methods may have been best when smooth shaven lips and bearded jaws were the custom, but the Secretary of another day, when looking at the bust of his predecessor, was thinking how to avoid Stanton's mistakes as well as how to profit by Stanton's merits. The door on the right from Sec- retary Baker's office led to that of Major General Leonard Wood, who the Chief of Staff, Major General been the Army from had chief of staff of Hugh L. Scott, and beyond that was 19 10 to ig 14, was one of four men con- the office of Major General Tasker sidered by Secretary Baker for the job H. Bliss, the Assistant Chief of which eventually went to Pershing. Staff, who were the mouthpieces of Wood had to be content with a divi- the little band of experts who had sional command in this country, a cir- now become mighty as the holders cumstance that brought about a major of the key to the treasure chest of military wisdom and training. There political disturbance were fewer than six thousand regular officers to impose army discipline / ""V'EW callers noticed in Baker's on the millions of recruits, and to I office the dusky bronze bust of a train ten, twenty, and thirty times / man with smooth shaven lip. and their own numbers to command the flowing whiskers whose amplitude companies and battalions into which would have left no one the wiser if the the recruits would be formed. Baker wearer had forgotten to put on the conven- knew the capacities of the higher tional string bow tie of the eighteen-sixties officers, through a year's adminis- when he dressed in the morning; but the tration, in their capabilities and bust was eloquent with suggestion to the limitations. Each must be used for little Secretary. It carried imagination back the best that was in him. Not one to the days when reports were from a front had been tested in so great a task extending from the Atlantic to the Missis- and all might well be dizzy at the Frank A. Scott of Cleveland, a 'Republican sippi; when Abraham Lincoln used to come prospect of its magnitude. But friend of Baker s whom the Secretary of War over from the White House to the War power was theirs, such power as only drafted into service as head of the Muni- Department, sink his long arm into the war gives, the power of which they without a commission. Scott telegram box. pull out the latest despatches tions Board, had dreamed. The old army saying, from his generals, and humbly read them found the guns the Allied and American "The country forgets us in peace, in the mighty presence of his Secretary of forces needed, despite bureaucratic assur- but how it does need us in war," War, Edwin M. Stanton, who stood at work ances that they didn't exist and couldn't never had so pregnant a meaning. The paternal Scott said to Baker, at his high bookkeeper's desk of the pattern be made short of a year of the time. For Stanton was not given to when we entered the war, that, in sitting, or to relaxed postures of any kind. face of all the pressure and excite- After wealthy Simon Cameron's failure, as Secretary in the ment which were coming, the Secretary of War and the Chief of first year of the Civil War, from lack of energy, range, and a cer- Staff must keep calm no matter who else lost his head. But there tain predisposition which had associated him with the evil com- were occasions in these early clays when glimpses into the Chief pany of war profiteers. President Lincoln, in seeking a vigorous of Staff's office revealed him in very much of a lashing, indignant,

WARwith one obstacle after another. Indian fighter mood as he coped The door on the Secretary's left led to the public reception room, to the civil world of all who were to send their sons into the Army, and labor to earn the money to pay for its supplies. Baker was the bridge between the two worlds; between the people and the Army which was to mould the people's strength into armed power. He was the keystone of the arch of army administration. His would be the most disastrous individual failure in its effect upon the whole. He was responsible for men and supplies for the Army in France; the bridge between the Army and the President and the Army and the people; between the Shipping Board and the transport of the Army over three thousand miles of ocean; between Congress and the Army, with its colossal demands for appropriations; between the father and mother and the son in the ranks: between the shoemaker and the soldier who wore out shoes on the march; between the soldier's stomach and the kitchen. While the selected few were entering by the Chief of Staff's door at the right, the many were clamoring for entrance by the door to the left. And while the Allied missions were on their way what had been the mood of the people in the first month of the war? We had our own "business as usual" period and the same demonstration of public and individual loyalty that I witnessed in England in August, 1914, when Britain was Provost Marshal General Enoch H. Crowder, to whose office thinking every village and township in America reported its males be- that her en- 9* tween the ages of eighteen and thirty-one, and later furnished try into the War would the men selected by lot to serve in the National Army . Below, throw the sort of informal notes the President and his enough Secretary of War used in the workaday task weight, of prosecuting a war added to that of the French and the swing towards Paris; Russian then the Marne victory and armies, to the news of the Germans in assure victory, and Kitchener's "First Hundred flight; and then Ypres and the Thousand" might never see action. In the trench line, with England facing three weeks that the German army was the prospect that a million men mobilizing England thrilled in the generous might not be enough or in time. subscription to the Prince of Wales fund; So, in the Civil War, Lincoln had over the Russian steam-roller's advance in first called for three-month volun- Eastern Prussia, and over all the evidences teers, and the first contingents of of the patriotic ardor and unity of the Southern volunteers hastening north- British peoples. The British public ward and of Northern volunteers thought it was good that Sir hastening southward thought they . John French was in France with his British would be enough, while General William army, so that England would be in it T. Sherman was considered crazy when at the finish on land. Both the he said that the North would require three North and the South thought they hundred thousand men for victory. France had just such an easy task in 1861, and Germany, with their conscript armies, but the regular officers on both were deep in the War at once; Britain was sides knew better. not deep in for several months. And Kitchener, who understood that As one runs through its pages, when the the German army was not yet to strike its great type is so cold and the mood of the hour so long blow, was planning from the first for a heavy part for past, our press in the early period after our entry England. Then came the German drive through Belgium; then into the War reads strikingly like the press of the

DECEMBER. iq;o In the back of Baker s mind, while the provisions of a draft bill were being formulated, was the experience of the Federal Government in 186}, when a badly enacted and ivorse operated draft measure caused riotous scenes in New York City in which hundreds of lives were lost. The looting of Brooks Brothers clothing store by the mob was one of the least of its depredations

North and South in the Spring of 1861, and the British press in at Liege before the main German army was in action. The French August, 1914. But unlike the North and South, as their volun- and British communiques continued to report gains and the cap- teers were forming, and Germany and France, with every home ture of prisoners on the Western front. The British had beaten sending forth its able-bodied sons on mobilization day, we had two Turkish armies. It was reported from Berlin that Germany no departing troops on whom to expend our war emotion; no was near the end of her man-power; she was sending children and thought of casualty lists, which would soon be reported, held that old men to the trenches; her people were at the starvation point; emotion taut and still. We must expend it in hanging out flags, food riots were in prospect; and the Socialists, those most useful in vocal, individual, and mass demonstrations of our unity and German Socialists in war days in aiding to lull enemy prepara- determination. tions and alarms, were again demanding peace. In a land of societies, all of them, from the Daughters and Sons The new Kerensky government in Russia was promising to of the Revolution to fraternal orders, labor, capital, trade, and keep faith with the other Allies in not making a separate peace the professions, bar, bankers, medical associations, chambers of with Germany, and foreseeing great victories for the reorganized commerce, and religious organizations, passed resolutions. The Russian army. Austria was said to be in a mood when Prussian German language papers, and Socialists and pacifists who had domination would no longer hold her from asking for terms. decried our entry into the war, were either coming to patriotic Turkey would follow her example. Germany, in economic col- grace in resolutions of their own, or allowing silence to speak lapse, would soon be left isolated in the throes of a revolution. assent in face of the tidal wave of public opinion. The League The talk of showing our flag in France, Joffre's request for a con- to Enforce Peace found that now the first step of enforcement was tingent because he said there was nothing the German so dreaded to defeat Kaiserism. Reports of German plots within our borders, as the sight of American soldiers at the front, all tended to the of German agents trying to start a race conflict in the South, of same view that the British public had in early August, 1914, about a German plan to kidnap President Wilson, spurred conviction the part of French's little British army in France. It would be in the hesitant that it was really our war. The war was old ; but a glorious gesture to have some of our Regulars in at the surrender we were young in the war. We had to go through the stages of of the Kaiser, which America's balance against him had com- emotion and learn through our own experience. In the mirror that pelled. There was some concern lest the war should be won and the emergency had held up we were seeing ourselves as a whole the ceremony of capitulation be over before they arrived. in the exalted, wondering measure of our power, so near to us and so distant from the trenches; and the patriotic chant of the one WE thrilled, our purses- fat to our touch in our generous im- hundred and ten million people, which was not yet a trained pulse, as the Secretary of the Treasury, William G. McAdoo, chorus when there were so many volunteer cheer-leaders, seemed signed checks for two hundred million dollars to Britain, and two to us to represent a potentiality so evidently irresistible that hundred and fifty millions to France and Italy as initial loans to Germany would soon recognize the wisdom of capitulation. the Allies; over the first Liberty Loan, with Rockefeller's five The heads of the Allied missions were publicly confirming the million leading the subscription; over the funds pouring into the view. Balfour, who so urgently presented the grave danger in Red Cross and other welfare drives; over Edison at work in his private to the War Department, said in his address to the Senate laboratory to find a magic way of ending war without using soldiers that our entry into the war assured victory; Joffre, who had or submarine chasers, mine-sweepers, or mine-layers; over the warned our General Staff of the necessity of bringing all our magnitude of our industrial resources; over Roosevelt's plea for man-power to bear, was as optimistic as Yiviani, or Lloyd George, the privilege of leading a volunteer army to France. Russia in his public speeches. The weary French, Italians, and Serbians, should have her loan, too. The wisdom of Elihu Root, who was the disillusioned Rumanians, and the demoralized Russians must at the head of a mission on the way to Russia, would supply the never doubt that the last nation to enter the war on the side of young Russian republic with statesmanship to steady her leaders the Allies would soon turn the tide. Least of all must they know and people in their part; American railway experts were on the the truth of the rapid rise of submarine sinkings which Admiral way to organize her transport; American financiers to organize Sims had reported to our Navy Department. her finances; American newspaper men to carry on propaganda Censored news from Furope fed our public with the same cheer among her people. Our consciousness of our might was quickened as the British enjoyed in August, 1914, in the advance of the by all the Allied world's acknowledgment of dependence upon us. Russian steam-roller in Eastern Germany, and Belgian resistance The rotogravure supplements of the Sunday papers carried

12 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Police repulsing an attack by a mob on the offices of the New York Tribune during the draft riots of 1863. The Tribune's editor, Horace Greeley, recognizing the need for additional men if the North was to win, had come out for the Administration bill, which allowed the wealthy to buy substitutes if drafted. These views are from contemporary sketches in Harper s Weekly pictures of society women and actresses adding glamour to the been strongest, that took the lead in volunteering. Nevada led, numerous drives and in recruiting the Army and Navy; but the with 94.4 per cent of her quota; Oregon was second, with 5Q.3 picture of the little Secretary of War appeared seldom. Two per cent. Illinois had 60 per cent, New York 21, and Pennsyl- hundred members of Congress asked Lloyd George to free Ireland. vania 33 per cent. Governor Boyle, of Nevada, when visiting The Academy of Political Science, in profound discussion, found the eastern seaboard, expressed surprise at the lack of genuine that the militarists and pacifists were war enthusiasm. The Allied missions disagreeing as to America's object in the observed politely that America was very war. The United Iron Workers asked calm about the war, and they found in more pay as a war measure; the soft coal their travels more earnestness in the miners received a raise of twenty per West than in the East. Publicists saw cent. that it was time for a "Wake up, Ameri- The Allies needed food as well as ca" day. This gave enlistment a stimu- money. Britain and France were on lus, which subsided. Yet the War De- rations; Britain, in fact, very seriously partment was not greatly worried by so. The appointment of Herbert Hoover, the results and was far from drawing in the glow of his prestige as head of the sectional inferences. Its eye was on the Belgian Relief, as food administrator was Capitol, where the Draft Bill was being held as ideal. When everybody wanted debated. to know how to win the war, he said The private cars of captains of in- that food economy was the way. It was dustry stood in line on the sidings of the springtime, planting time. Vacant lots union railway station in Washington. should yield crops. Farm gardens be- Their limousines were parked in the came a public passion. Here was the op- streets. They, too, were asking for jobs portunity for the Boy Scouts, and grand- in line with the heads of organizations father and grandmother, who could not and societies, with those who were find a place in welfare work. Boys were forming new societies, those who saw released from school to take up the hoe. war as the opportunity to put over All this was good in the statesmanship social reforms, and appealing to all of war. It gave patriotic emotion an friends and influences to help assist outlet in welding us together in national them in their ambitions. Those who effort. It meant certainly that there did not have something definite to con- would be food enough. The Shipping tribute wanted to be told what they Secretary Baker s father, who served while Board sent word that it would be build- could contribute. The hotel registers youngster as a private under Stuart, ing a ship a week to carry the food. a Jeb read like a roster of America's celeb- cavalry leader, there- What of soldiers in case we should the famous Confederate rities and a personification of Ameri- need more than enough to show the flag? by dividing the Baker household, whose ca's achievement in all walks of life. What of the army of a million men that head teas a soldier in the Union army A happy few had benefited by one pre- was planned before our entry into the war detail of preparedness, the Officers' war? Despite all the speeches, all the Reserve Corps for technical experts of efforts of the society women and actresses, the Regular Army had any kind. They were blossoming forth in their new uniforms. enlisted 4,355 men, an average of 435 a day, in the first ten days Soon their brows, too, were knitted with a sense of frustra- after our entry into the war. At that rate it would take three tion by that army world when they knew nothing about army years to enlist five hundred thousand. To stimulate enlistment forms. Baker announced that the term would be only for the war. By The mecca was Baker's reception room. Among the callers April 24th 32,000 had enlisted, or one-sixth of the total quota. were many who had not paid much attention to who was Sec- It was not the Eastern seaboard, where war sentiment had retary of War, but were now as appalled over his reputed paci-

DECEMBER. 1950 paper and say, 'This has been prepared at the War College, and it deals with such and such a thing and provides for so and so,' and he tells me the substance of it. The next paper may be some modification of the article of war dealing with the discipline of soldiers. I will say, 'Leave that, I would like to look it over.' By the end of the session I will probably have reserved ten papers for further consideration." "That is very perilous," said Brandeis, shaking his head. Late one afternoon, just before our entry into the war, an assistant was the witness of a little personal preparedness by the Secretary, which at first sight might have been taken to in- dicate that he was already a victim of administrative shell-shock. The Secretary was writing his name over and over again on a blank sheet of paper. The whimsical eye was in play as he looked up and chuckled with his exclamation, "I have to write it so many times a day that I am practicing a way which will save time and motion." The bold signature of Woodrow Wilson or of Theodore Roose- velt, or Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo, would have made three of Baker's and taken three times as long to write as that of the little man who was fond of short things. He had it all in, Newton D. Baker, with a single running stroke. It was legal, but so small to hold so much authority that his critics when they saw it would have remarked that it looked like anything but a bold warrior's signature. A month after the war began, when the public was still under the spell of the Allied missions' tributes, and we were hearing of Allied successes, of revolution brewing in Germany, and we were cheering the Root mission on its way to Russia, Baker announced that the War Department was preparing for a three-years' war. The realities of the information which the Allies preferred not to have published were passing across his desk. If the public had r One of the cartoons of Raem ackers, the famous Dutch known what the W ar Department knew it would have known artist whose drawings were a thorn in the flesh to some of the difficulties of the War Department, which knew that the Germans. This one titled "The U. S. for Con- Germany was not near an economic collapse or revolution; and scription" has the Kaiser asking, "Do you mean to that Russia was a broken reed. But Baker's declaration, in the midst of so much talk, might be taken as just another say that you are really going to DO something?" and parade of our potentialities and determination to bring Germany to terms. Wilson answering, "Yep" But he had refused to gratify propaganda by the promise of any method of victory except the old one of men, arms and munitions fism as many people had been in 1861 to have a gawky, Western, —against the very materialistic German war machine. rail-splitting politician, instead of William H. Seward in the Now that we have the public psychology of the early period,

White House. They thought that the little Baker wr as especially we turn to the door to the right of his desk, opening upon the in need of aid; they would make the energy of the nation more experts who were to mould the nation's strength to action, and concentrated in its sweep to overcome the handicap of timid find just what was being done in these essentials. leadership. The sight of one so slender and so boyish and so considerate and good mannered in the face of that great job often developed a paternal and helpful instead of a hostile feeling. But he was quite calm, his office the quietest in Washington, except the President's study. As mayor of a great city with the open door, he had been used to meeting all kinds of people, to dispos- ing of them rapidly. What if there had been no pressure in the Secretary of War's ante-room! What if the country had concluded that as it had a War Department, the business of that department was to make war, and let it go ahead! What if all roads for the nation's energy had not led to Washington! A nation overstocked with energy by patience and skill would be able to organize a big reserve for the days of weariness and attrition, when war becomes a terrible routine, greedy of all remaining youth and resources. Supreme Court Justice Brandeis, who had been the voluntary unpaid legal adviser of the National Consumers' League, of which Baker was President, made a point to see Baker a few days after the war began. The judge had his quota of advice which he expressed with deep feeling. "I am an older man than you are," he said. "You are in the most dangerous of all public positions. Thousands of things will go through the War Department that you cannot have any possible knowledge of and you will be held accountable. Don't sign your name to any paper which you have not read and approved." Baker explained to the justice the routine of a Secretary of War in time of war: The Chief of Staff came to him at intervals during the day, with any important news or any matters requiring immediate attention: but two o'clock in the afternoon was the hour set for General Scott to appear with one or two baskets piled with papers. In the next two hours Baker would probably have to Canada had its draft problem a year or two earlier sign his name two hundred times. than ours. The anti-draft politician is saying, ' 'No! "If I should take the time to read every paper that I must must take to see sign, the Germans would be in Paris before I had read the first We first a referendum if the people batch of documents," Baker told the justice. "I am obliged to want the fire extinguished and the house saved." depend upon somebody else. The Chief of Staff will give me a From the Montreal Star

14 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly 16)

V'l.LIAM H. T»FT

Ugi). r.eorgia, U a, 1917.

"v dear ?'r. Secretary

Pile doming a a; ape .cues 'o-ing word th#t you have edviead chs

Koues Consalttes on U Mtury Affairs of the conclusion 07'

- ' of . or fll tc follow tne recommendations o[ the General Stfcf" and ; our

oll-tary udviaorsi, to mcr*aje your aroij only oy rei-rin : •.; -n. e^ulat*

& rmy enc the Matronal r;u»-d, ona by a cunsoripticr, .VBten;, ^no that you

he*e no inte"t.\on of Banding abroad on «rray until unoer the conscription

syata you can train a million nan To." that pu." t ose. This is in accord

with the purjoss of tno Prssioent ir. +.hj»t wTOuvrful fi.-re whicr. ce

delivered to Conrreea. C em eo profoundly convmcoo Jf he correct'iesa

of your conclusions, one the nsdowj of wnet you prcuosv, .hit I Co nu

refrain fro» wricinc you to felicitate you on :n« » ecs to he tarei.

- on tha clearness with which you #ra orinslns >u" Eha ; -nde.aen f*c*»

' that ahould so-ern lur action. I 3ii*; >09« you wii 'i ; id in Uon t : a w

coneldareb.a opposition to the plan cut* "ary cone : arable opportunity

.0 snina public: opinion, which a lonr tour tnrourh ho : )uth end *eat

: has given ma, nea 3a"-8"iao me the-, -.he Leople ore rap id , coram p to he

contusion that conscription, iuc.i as you ^rupose. la the only a — unon

iT -h« laeue before us. Inoeed I think both in c B sp.ect to the I.eorue -0

ttrforce Peace and it. reapect to conscription, the people are ahead of

tttair -cnjrrcasnieTi. Tho Congressmen have listened to the extreme paeif .t*

who talc first and have not hsa-d '-tb tha ^raet body of their cons Guar

in aueh o way as to have a sense of proportion in reepact to po->ui<-r s

Ex-President Taft's cordial letter to But it was not a matter of Baker offering to help win dissenting immediate concern to the Congressmen over to support of the President in the early Administration s plan conscrip- of part of January, tion. Mr. later to serve Taft was 1917, when he as joint chairman with Frank P. was still op- Walsh of the War Labor Board, timistic which eliminated strikes and about the suc- other labor troubles during cessof his the war peace negotiations. It became so when the bolt THE question of how from the blue of Ger- we should raise an many's pronounce- army had been an- ment of unrestricted swered by the bill submarine warfare left * which the War De- *«-5- *» *- ' him no alternative but to partment had break off diplomatic rela- boldly presented tions with Germany. Now he to Congress im- wanted in hand a bill for rais- mediately ing an army which he might after the offer to Congressat his discretion. declaration Judge Advocate General Crowder of war. At was familiar with the Secretary's first Baker's views through discussions at which inclinationhad General Scott and other chiefs had been beenagainstcom- present. When the Secretary called upon pulsory military service Crowder to draw up a bill, Crowder as contrary to the spirit and promptly set four assistants at work draft- free will of democracy. It had the ing different sections which he assembled and association of the "press gang" and revised in a whole which provided an outlet of tyranny. Our military tradition, in for the volunteer spirit by enlistment in the herited from England, was formed around Regulars and the National Guard, while the third heroic volunteers. Any departure from it did not force, which was to be known as the National Army, appear in the domain of practical War Department was to be raised by the draft; and drafted men were administration until all appeals failed to recruit the to complete the quotas of the Regulars and Guard in Regulars and the National Guard to adequate quotas for case the number of volunteers was insufficient. service on the Mexican border. The bill was in defiance of all precedents and experi- The experience in England with the volunteer system in the ence. Its success was dependent either on the assumption World War, General Scott's report and General Wood's mem- that the American spirit had changed, or upon a new method of orandum, and Baker's study of the subject, convinced him that enrolment and administration when all our previous methods the draft was the sound and just method. He took the Scott and had failed. Henry Knox, the first Secretary of War, had sought Wood papers to the President, reinforced by the reasons for his to apply the draft in peace time for raising and training militia; own conclusions, and the President, whose original view had been and when Secretary Poinsett offered the same plan in 1840, more the same as Baker's, was in turn convinced. than half a century later, it was as scornfully repudiated by Con-

DECEMBER, iqto '5 gress as Knox's. The first war-time proposal of a draft was in the cising their political influence on the White House to have re- War of 1812-14. Daniel Webster, then a member of the lower cruiting and drafting postponed until the next election was over. House, who was later to speak, of the Union as "one and in- One declared that he would raise no more men unless they were separable" in his reply to Hayne, turned^ his eloquent denunci- commanded by officers from his own State. Some desired the ation upon this foul attack upon the Constitution and the rights withdrawal of regiments from the battle fronts while they were of the States, whom he advised to defy and resist its enforcement if being recruited; others insisted that volunteers were state it became a law. Congress shared his view. troops and could not legally be required to act in the United States service without the consent of the individual. Still others OUR only actual war-time experiment in administering compul- wanted to permit drafted men to enlist as volunteers so that they sory service, both North and South, had been in the Civil War. might secure the bounties and advance pay given to genuine The record of this in the North might well make Secretary Baker volunteers. bear in mind, as he looked at the bronze bust of his distinguished pre- Stanton cried out that he wanted men and not money, and decessor, the importance of avoiding another of Stanton's mistakes. finally won Congress to his view that drafted men might not pur- In the spring of 1862 the Northern armies of more than six chase exemption by paying three hundred dollars in cash to the hundred thousand men seemed adequate to bring the South to provost marshal. Thereafter drafted men had either to serve or terms. After the disillusionment of McClellan's peninsula cam- hire substitutes. Bounty jumping became a curse. It was very paign, when the fulness of the South's military power was for profitable when Congress began paying three hundred dollars to the first time realized by the North, it was found that the North- veterans for re-enlistment and four hundred dollars to new re- ern volunteer spirit had waned and would not supply the Fed- cruits. Local authorities, States, corporations, and wealthy men eral armies with sufficient man-power. On March 3, 1863, added bonuses, until, in several States, the reward for enlistment Congress passed the so-called National Enrolment Act, which ran from twelve hundred to two thousand dollars a man. Many was the first time that compulsory military service had been men re-enlisted again and again, choosing the localities which authorized in our history. Stanton did not finish enrolment until paid the highest bounties. Official returns reported 278,000 de- three months later, July 1, 1863, on the eve of Gettysburg and serters, of whom 77,000 only were arrested and returned. the fall of Yicksburg. The enrolment applied to men between As Stanton could not prevent wealthy communities from out- eighteen and forty-five and was by Congressional districts, with bidding the poorer, he finally issued an order to credit every en- a provost marshal for each district under a national provost listed man to the ward or town in which he resided, no matter marshal general. Those who must go into the army were chosen where he had enlisted. This brought many governors to Wash- from a list by the jury wheel system, or a blindfolded man draw- ington to protest to Lincoln, who had to endure so many things ing cards from a box. It seemed to have occurred to nobody that and permit so many things in order to win the war, and he turned the men should be asked to present themselves of their own vo- them over to Stanton, whose implacability on the point was cir- lition; or that the execution of the draft should not be in the cumvented by the local authorities' winking at bounty jumping. hands of the Army. Federal officers and bodies of soldiers were Many men were moving to Canada to escape the draft. riding the country, summoning the able-bodied men to register. Foreigners were applying for protection papers. But Stanton said The response was such as Daniel Webster had predicted and that he would not excuse a man of foreign birth if he had been such as many members of Congress were to predict for 191 7-18. naturalized. "The man who vote's must bear arms," Stanton In New York City the provost roared in one of his leonine moods. marshal's quarters were sacked, and Employers of all sorts applied to him all wheels, lists, and paraphernalia for the exemption of their employes. were burned. The office of the New Stanton exempted locomotive en- York Tribune was sacked, while gineers and telegraphers, and found Editor Horace Greeley took refuge that he had to respect many irritating with a friend. The houses of Editor exemptions by the States. His tem-

Henry J. Raymond, of the New York per broke into thunderous out- Times and Paymaster Wakeman bursts when he found that villages of were looted; the 86th Street police one thousand inhabitants had for- station was set on fire. Firemen were warded lists of from one to two kept at bay by the mob while the hundred men who were to be ex- Negro orphan asylum was burning. cused from service as members of Business houses were looted and local volunteer fire companies. His rule the fired ; Negroes, who were seen as exempting only those who had been cause of the war, were chased out of members of active fire companies be- town, stoned, beaten, and hanged. fore the draft was tested. The Penn- Stanton was hanged in effigy on 46th sylvania Supreme Court found it un- Street, and Colonel O'Brien was constitutional; but the United States beaten to death and his mangled Supreme Court reversed the decision. corpse strung up to a lamp post. Even in the South, which was fight- Three hundred people were killed ing for states' rights, a majority and many more were injured, and opinion of state courts, on the five the property loss was two million occasions when it was tested, sup- dollars. ported the legality of the Confeder- A uniform system of administration ate draft, while the minority dis- was hampered by the Northern States' - sented for the same reasons that jealousy in practice of any infringe- Webster had sounded fifty years ment of the principle of states' rights previously. The majority held that against which they were fighting for the national government in each in- the preservation of the Union. Each The future Secretary of War as a Martinsburg stance had a right to protect it- governor was administering the law (West Virginia) schoolboy self; and the Court of Appeals of more or less according to his own Yirginia declared that the power to conception and his own political ne- compel military service was trans- cessities. In order to reduce the ratio of conscripts in their state cendent, consistent with liberty and essential for its preservation. totals many governors were carrying on recruiting campaigns Although during the period of the draft act the North added at the same time that they were conducting the draft. 1,300,000 men to its armies, nearly all came in as volunteers to Some governors favored the draft by counties; others on the escape the draft, or as paid substitutes, the number actually basis of total population. Instead of delivering a quota of men of drafted and serving being only forty-seven thousand. military age for the War Department's disposition, some wanted There were no draft riots in the Confederacy to parallel those the drafted men to serve under certain generals; others would in the North, but in both the North and the South the draft was assemble volunteers in new regiments and send drafted men to applied after the best of the land's youth had volunteered. In the old regiments. Some insisted that the bounties for volunteers World War we were to apply it at once. The War College care- be sent to them in bulk to be distributed by local agents; others fully went over the bill prepared in the judge advocate general's recruited three-months and nine-months men, demanding that office and Baker gave it his final scrutiny before it was submitted they be applied on the three-years quota. Others were exer- to the President, who made no changes. It seems to have been

The AMERICAN LEGION" Monthly in the Presi- took charge of dent's mind at the administra- first to have it tion. introduced to No army offi- the old Congress cers, no gover- which died on nor would be- March 4th. But come a hero by the time was not using strong-arm propitious, when methods to en the filibustering force the dral't. "wilful men" of No S t a n t o n the old Congress would shake the prevented the War Depart- passage of his ment with his Armed Ship Bill, roars. Star per- and of the rou- sonalities were tine military ap- ruled out of this propriation bill. basic feature of Meanwhile, a scientific war more submarine machine. Dis- sinkings, the de- play w: as to be thronement of reduced to the the Czar, the minimum. The Zimmerman personalities in- note, and other volved were fuel fed public those of the mil- emotion and lions of men who spurred the new were to register Congress, the of their own free War Congress, will. But when to fall in line the States had with the march chosen the men, of destiny. they did not go Baker's own to state regi- concern with the ments or to par- draft bill, as the ticular generals, civil expert who but passed com- stood between pletely out of the the army experts hands of the civil and the people, world into the was in the meth- control of the od of registration Chief of Staff and adminis- and his experts tration. Since to make a unified the Civil War national force. draft we had In his address been passing into to the Congress the industrial calling for a dec- and urban era in laration of war, are coming." Columbia calls to her embattled Allies as the American ships pre- which a flood of "They when public European immi- pare to cross the Atlantic with men, food and munitions. From a drawing by Charles emotion was in grants had Dana Gibson in Life during the early summer of igij the first red heat, poured into the the President country. gave the weight For ten years Baker had been in the bitter civic campaigns, of his authority and prestige to the compulsory plan. Many who which hardly ceased between elections, in the growing industrial favored the draft were alarmed at the terms of the bill which was city of Cleveland. As city solicitor and mayor he knew the introduced immediately after the declaration. workers of all the races in the beehive; and back of that, his boy- When thirteen per cent of our population was of German hood had been spent among people who were of his own old origin, not only those of German descent, but all the foreign born, American stock. Conscription in Europe had been associated and the second generation, all the old stock, and all the pacifists with the imposed power of autocracy; in America he would as- who had been lukewarm at our entry into the War, were to have sociate it with the command of the people. Compulsion would slacking made easy by having it left to their own volition as to not be from the top, but from their own will. whether or not they were to enrol to face the ordeal of the "Sentiment in politics," an appeal to the voters to vote for trenches. No general's order was to summon them, no men in the vote's sake, had been the method of Baker's chief, Tom uniform to have any part in their selection. When war was force Johnson, who fought the old political machine in Cleveland, and discipline, this seemed to represent a quixotism which might which spent prodigal sums in the tradition of the bounty jump- well be associated with the pacifist who had been the product of ing system of the Civil War. The innovation in the draft bill was a reform movement. If the draft should have the same results at of the same kind, dignifying the individual in keeping with the the outset as that to reinforce the armies of the North in the Civil new era. Instead of soldiers and local officials riding the country- War, then the ensuing confusion would be final confirmation of side, and going from door to door in the streets, to make the lists the view of the German High Command that America could never of names of men of draft age, all men of draft age were simply to send anything but a half-armed mob to Europe. The bill was a present themselves on registration day. It was like going to a challenge to the best that was in us, and no less to the fellowship town or county office to vote or get a fishing license. The voting of those who were not chosen by lot for combat service to do their precinct was the citizen's most familiar contact in his part in best in support of those who were. the government of a democracy. Instead of men in uniform sitting on local boards, the members were citizens of the com- IT appears to have been fortunate for the draft advocates in munity. The whole process was to be civil through the governors Congress that the Secretary of War was regarded as a timid of the States in a uniform system as stated in that singularly brief little man by so many people. His reputation as a pacifist was bill —which was to the liking of the man who was fond of short something for him to capitalize rather than minimize in the things, in contrast with a lengthy bill as formulated by the warrior's part of securing man-power by a scientific plan. It was General Staff and turned over to Crowder, in which the Armv better to be called Pansy Baker than (Continued on page 4Q)

DECEMBER. 1930 17 — -EDITORIAL-

(fforigodandcountry , we associate ourselves togetherjor thefollowing purposes: (Jo uphold and defend the Constitution

ofthe'Zinited States ofAmerica; to maintain law and order; tofoster andperpetuate a one hundredpercent Americanism ; to preserve the memories and incidents ofour association in the^reatHar; to inculcate a sense ofindividual obligation to the community.state andnation; to combat the autocracy ofboth the classes andthe masses; to make right the master ofmight; topromote peace andgood will on earth ;to safeguardand transmit to posterity the principles ofjustice.Jreedom and democracy ; to conse- cmte and sanctiff our comradeship by our devotion to mutual helpfulness.— Preamble to tKe Constitution ofThe American Legion.

Still the Cjfirst Obligation

HE sentiments which President Herbert emphasized the vital defect in the earliest legislation Hoover expressed to The American requiring proof of service connection for disabilities. Legion in its Twelfth National Con- "As we go along we find men in our hospitals, side vention at Boston in October echoed by side," he said, "one with compensation and another

from one end of the country to the without . . . The number of cases manifestly in- other. The whole country heard, also, creased, until our Congress at its last session took a the sentiment embodied in a single sen- most decisive step in the matter of veterans' relief tence which was uttered by Calvin Coolidge. There when it enacted what is known as the disability al- was another speaker who addressed the convention lowance, an allowance given to a man whether he is whose words were not widely noted, and his message able to show that his disabilities are due to service or

was so important that it deserves repeating here and not . . . We find ourselves again back, after a long now. That speaker was General Frank T. Hines, who detour, on the highway of pensions in a little different

had only recently assumed the post of Administrator form . . . There is nothing that we feel is wrong with of Veterans' Affairs after serving notably as Director the pensions, whether we call it a disability allowance of the United States Veterans Bureau. General Hines or a pension. It has served honorably the soldiers of

is the head of the consolidated governmental agency other wars . . . The point I desire to make is the one which includes the Veterans Bureau, the Pension that comes squarely before me, and that is that with Bureau and the National Soldiers' Homes. our experience of these many years we now find our- President Hoover spoke earnestly of the responsi- selves at a point, with the consolidation in one agency bility of citizenship which lies upon the members of of all activities having to do with the veterans, for the The American Legion. The nation is proud to meet first time able to give careful and deliberate study to its obligation to provide justice to former service men our future program. The consolidation should bring within its full resources, Mr. Hoover said, and he ... a national policy of dealing with the veteran. It

added: "There is, however, a deep responsibility of should not be necessary for us to go constantly before

citizenship . . . which peculiarly lies upon your mem- Congress for changes in the law. It should be neces- bers, and that is that the demands upon the Govern- sary only to change those flexible provisions of a na- ment should not exceed the measure that justice re- tional policy to meet the changing times as we pro- quires and self help can provide. If we shall overload ceed along the highway." the burden of taxation, we shall stagnate our economic General Hines reminded the convention that the progress and we shall by the slackening of progress total expenditures of the consolidated agency which he place penalties upon every citizen." heads are now approaching one billion dollars a year Mr. Coolidge reminded his audience of Legionnaires $916,000,000, according to recent estimates. This that "you still owe a debt to yourselves and to the figure, he said, certainly proved the need for studying United States of America." carefully and deliberately the next steps to be taken. The convention adopted a resolution that indicated He said also: that its own feelings were in harmony with those "I do not feel that it is a matter of economy in deal- which had been expressed by the President and the ing with this problem but a matter of conscience, and former President. It registered its resolution: "That this organization stands for that not only in veterans' The American Legion call upon its members to oppose affairs but in all national problems." all such veteran legislation that may jeopardize the One of the most important problems to which Con- support of our citizens in the continuance of our hos- gress must give priority consideration, General Hines pitalization and rehabilitation program, and, further, said, is "the determination of the policy of whether we we do declare that we condemn the practice of pro- are to go forward and construct hospitals for all vet- posals of legislation primarily designed to attract our erans of all wars, regardless of disability." He regis- votes." tered his own belief that the Government, having en- General Hines in his address summarized the pro- tered upon the problem of adequate care for veterans visions which the nation had made for the veterans of in hospitalization, is best able to meet it and should wars since the Revolution and described the effort to make provision for all veterans. He said furthermore devise after the World War a new system which migjit that he believed additional beds should be provided be more equitable in application than the systems for the most part by the enlargement of existing facili- under which the disabled men of the Civil War and ties rather than by the establishment of new units. Spanish-American War had been provided for. He General Hines also called attention to the fact that

18 Thr AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Father Boston: "SORRY YOU CAN'T STAY FOR THANKSGIVING

the national soldiers' homes now include large numbers going mail from 15,000 to 40,000; the office interviews of World War veterans who are in them temporarily, from 4,000 to 6,000; the cash recoveries for veterans not because of disabilities, but because they are unable from $1,250,000 to more than $5,000,000." And to carry on in their proper place in economic life. Commander Bodenhamer recommended that further "It seems to me that with the World War veterans extension of the committee's activities is imperative. particularly we should endeavor to assist them to be- "A careful study of the record shows that the per- come re-established in their proper place of life rather sonnel and duties have not been increased in propor- than to continue in the homes unless they are actually tion to the increase of the duties and responsibilities disabled," he said. placed upon the National Rehabilitation Committee," The completeness and the efficiency with which The the National Commander commented. "Even now it American Legion is co-operating with the Government is estimated that there are 70,000 cases in the files of in helping disabled men to obtain the rights to which the Washington office. New cases are being received they are entitled was reflected repeatedly in the pro- at the rate of thirty-five a day. ... It is most im- ceedings of the Boston convention. National Com- portant that we plan our program of rehabilitation to mander Bodenhamer, for example, described in his cover a period of years; that proper finances be made report the enlargement of the activities of the National available for the execution of the program, and that we

Rehabilitation Committee at Washington since 1925. outline and support such constructive . . . legislation "The employes have increased from ten to forty," as will be in keeping with the real needs of our disabled he said, "the budget from $34,000 to $161,000; the and their dependents, and at the same time in keeping incoming mail from 13,000 pieces to 38,000; the out- with the best interests of the American people."

DECEMBER. 1930 [g WAY DOWN EAST

(Btf OYlarquis (James

The greatest array of notables that ever faced a ^ 4:30 o'clock in the afternoonof the fourth and final yf to s Constitu- Xj day of The American Legion's Twelfth National Hoover call the Preamble the Legion' Assistant National Adjutant (at table) Legion- ft f~1 Convention (which is to say October 9, 1930), Na- , S JL tional Commander Bodenhamer brought down his Governor John E. Weeks of Vermont , Governor Frank gavel with the same good-natured air of moderation that had Bodenhamer, Airs. Hoover, former President and characterized his use of that instrument of authority all along. A national convention. While Vice-President he thousand delegates and a thousand others in the galleries who had stayed to see the wind-up let out a shout—and a pretty resounding one, considering that they had been using their voices a good deal In fact a good many who went would have returned sooner than all day, not to say all week. Without further formality they they did had the choice been theirs—but a seasick man never sought the exits of the Boston Arena. The Twelfth National Con- gets any sympathy. Those who saw the race saw something they vention was History—the capital H being no slip of the Corona. will never forget, and may never see again. It was an American The first act of Mr. Bodenhamer on his return to private life victory to boot, the American defender, Gertrude L. Thebaud, was to board a red taxicab with Mr. and Mrs. Jim Barton for crossing the line under a cloud of sail with the white spray flying the Charlestown Navy Yard, where the mine layer Oglala had over her deck fifteen minutes ahead of the famous Canadian chal- been waiting for three hours. There had been more to that clos- lenger Bhtenose, a former holder of the cup. ing session than was anticipated, a statement that applies with These fifteen thousand Legionnaires and their co-partners of equal force to everything connected with Boston's entertainment the Auxiliary made a pretty big impression upon the quaint old of The American Legion. But in three minutes the Oglala was seaport of Gloucester, but taking the convention as a whole they under way, cutting through a heavy swell toward Gloucester. weren't a drop in the bucket. They weren't missed from the It arrived too late for the retiring commander and his party to throngs that held their last big night of carnival on and about see the boat race, but not too late to participate in the party that Boston Common, which is a good quarter section of land in the the Legionnaires of Gloucester threw for all comers, who in this heart of the city. Not only was this convention the largest and instance numbered fifteen thousand. Every year a Legion con- most notable that has been held by the Legion— it was the largest vention gets some big treat savoring of the customs of the coun- convention of any kind that has been held in America. Never so try. At San Antonio was the greatest rodeo ever, at Louisville the much to see, so many places to go, so many things to do. Never derby at Churchill Downs. For the Legion's first meeting in mari- so much music, so much color, so much laughter. Never so many time New England the annual race between the fastest schooners of people on hand determined to neglect no opportunity. One t he Canadian and American fishing fleets was tucked into the regu- hundred and fifty thousand came "for the duration." Everything lar program of convention spectacles. Many deem this a more sport- was eclipsed except the arrangements upon which the Legion's ing event than the races which take place every time Sir Thomas hosts had worked one solid year to bring to a state of perfection. Lipton builds another Shamrock. These contests are feats of Nothing short of perfection would have done. In addition to those practical seamanship, and no finer seamen exist than the men of the who had come from afar all contiguous New England descended ( .Itiucesterdeep-seafishingflect and theirCanadian contemporaries. upon Boston on parade day and—believe it or not—two million The water was rough that day and not all of the sight-seeing persons presented themselves to see that pageant. They were craft the Gloucester boys had engaged to provide ring-side ac- accommodated and everything went off as smooth as silk. commodations for their guests put to sea, but most of those not Taking a bird's-eye view of the week's activity, the Boston content to see what they could from shore got to go somehow. Herald called it "the spectacle of the century." Be that as it may,

20 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Legion national convention was on the platform for the opening session at Boston on October 6th and heard President tion "a real preface to American citizenship . " From left to right those seated in the front row are Frank E. Samuel, naire and Governor Norman S. Case of Rhode Island, Legionnaire and Governor William Tudor Gardiner of Maine, Allen Massachusetts, G. of General Henri Gouraud of France , General John J. Pershing, National Commander 0. L. Mrs. Calvin Coolidge, Secretary of the Navy Charles Francis Adams, Allan Hoover. It was Mr. Coolidge's third spoke to the Kansas City gathering in 192 1, and as President he addressed the delegates at Omaha in 192$

it certainly represented a high water mark in the Legion's expan- General Gouraud of France, with his empty sleeve, and the other sion in the twelve years of its existence. It mirrored the enormous representatives of the Fidac, several in uniform, added their influence, the diversified capacity of the organization formed in touches of color and sentiment. the hope of perpetuating something of the comradeship of arms It is a significant force that brought all these together. No and the national ideals that had led the nation to take them up. other could have done so. It is an unusual thing for a President Consider the opening scene in the Arena where the formal and a former President to appear on the same platform, and al- sessions were held. Boston breakfasted that morning to the sound most a breach of precedent for a President to deliver an address of twenty-one guns announcing the arrival of the President of the in the forenoon. United States. Every one of the eight thousand seats in the great But Mr. Hoover paid the Legion an even greater compliment oval auditorium was filled when Mr. and Mrs. Hoover appeared in selecting as the text for his address the Preamble to its Con- upon the stage smiling their acknowledgment to the spontane- stitution. His opening lines, in a lighter vein, were equally fe- ous and tumultuous ovation. Below the platform was a plateau licitous. "I hope I may venture to claim from some years of ser- of faces—delegates and alternates gathered about their depart- vice during the Great War a measure of comradeship with the ment standards upon which appeared the name of every State men who fought. I understand your variety of French perfectly. and of the many foreign countries in which Legion outposts are I know from experience, and intend to hold in confidence, the maintained by Americans residing abroad. From the rim of first reaction you had from a passing shell. I shall maintain this plateau rose the serried galleries. secret your opinion of those who profess indifference to bullets or In the boxes on the stage were a hundred other guests of dis- insects or the mud of the trenches." tinction. Calvin Coolidge, the only living ex-President, and Mrs. After Mr. Hoover's address, Mr. Bodenhamer introduced the Coolidge had come down from Northampton to see the conven- other guests of honor. When Mr. Coolidge made his bow cries of tion in the preparations for which Mr. Coolidge had shown such "Speech! Speech!" punctuated the applause. The former Presi- a helpful interest. Governor Allen of Massachusetts and the dent shook his head and smiled. But the demonstration showed governors of the other New England States were there, two of no sign of letting up, and when Mr. and Mrs. Hoover joined in being them Legionnaires. Secretary of War Patrick J. Hurley, Mr. Coolidge stepped within the range of the microphone. a Legionnaire, and Boston's own Secretary of the Navy, Charles "You have paid your debt to Lafayette," he said, "but you Francis Adams, were present. General Pershing, who has missed still owe a debt to yourselves and to the United States of only two Legion conventions and says he hopes never to miss an- America." other, received a welcome second only to that of the two Presi- Thus the Coolidge reputation for economy came through with- dents. The Commander-in-Chief passed his seventieth birthday out a blemish. a little while back, but he looks better than he did a year ago. In point of fact there was no blemish anywhere on this conven-

DECEMBER. 1930 21 .

tion. There is much for the visitor to see at any time in Boston, which incidentally is celebrating its three hundredth birthday this year. A walk through its winding streets, some just wide enough for a Montanan to pass along with his hat on, is an excursion into history. On the Sunday before the convention began there was a memorial service at Faneuil Hall that filled the venerated edifice and the street in front of it. Old North Church, Hunker Hill, the graves of Revolutionary soldiers on the Common, the bright gilded dome of the State House—pilgrimages to Lexington, to Concord, to Plymouth, Salem, Marblehead: everything that makes a trip to Massachusetts a part of the education of an American was a part of this Legion pilgrimage. For two weeks after the convention one met bands of Legionnaires still junketing about in

the Indian summer sunshine that Howard Rowton of Florida could endorse with a clear conscience. "Old Ironsides," the celebrated frigate Constitu- tion, made seaworthy again by popular subscriptions from school children throughout the land, left her dock in Charlestown for the first time in thirty-three years for a voyage about Boston Harbor. In the realm of entertainment it was a bewildering case of taking your pick. There were formal breakfasts, lunches, teas, dinners, banquets balls. There were outfit reunions from companies to divisions. These increase in number from year to year and perhaps bring as many Legionnaires to a convention as any other single thing. There was an air show North Carolina s delegation marched every afternoon, fea- turing Legionnaire behind Winston-Salem Post's band Eddie Rickenbacker and the drum corps of Hornets Nest and Captain Hawks, Post of Charlotte. Left, the colorful the transcontinental drum and bugle corps of Harvey W speed champion who Seeds Post, Miami, Florida, which during the convention again won first honors lowered the Boston- to-New York record to fifty - seven minutes. mander John Quinn had reached Kansas Thousands of visitors City with the California special when a went up for a view of telegram brought news requiring his proceedings from the presence in Los Angeles. He took a sky. Hundreds Hew to the convention. Two delegates came from plane back and a few hours later was on his way east again, over- Panama, another from Porto Rico, by air. Past National Com- hauling his train at New York.

22 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly —

noble institution of the clambake is to New England. So much for some of the scheduled features, but a great part of any Legion convention is the improvised carnival on the streets and in hotel lobbies and the spontaneous parlies that come into being everywhere. This gets under way along in the shank of the afternoon and reaches its zenith at midnight. There is a band on every corner and around the bands the crowd is a little denser than elsewhere, if possible. Up and down Boylston and Tremont Streets surged the merry-making throng, a streaming rainbow of gay colors.

Lucky Boston has that Common with its broad curving walks shaded by tall elms. Here the crowd overflowed. Now came a band of Iowans with their classic corn song. Now the Montanans with their Powder River yell, Texans with their "Old Gray Mare" and the boys and girls from Maine chanting the "Stein Song," which Legionnaire Rudy Vallee has helped to give a certain prominence in the eyes of the world. There were three formal parades and three hundred thousand informal ones. The first was on Sunday afternoon the tercentenary float pageant, a thing of rare beauty depicting three centuries of history in Massachusetts. The second was Mon- day night when the Forty and Eight con- Massed flags were used effectively by cluded the most suc-

many delegations . These are New cessful year of its his- Hampshire' s. Right, the champion tory with its annual band of the Legion for the second suc- monkeyshines. The cessive year, Milwaukee Electric Post's third was the great of the Legion aggregation oom-pahed its way right parade which took all day into Boston s heart Tuesday. Seventy thousand marchers in step to There were football games—two in which Harvard performed—boxing the music of three bouts, a golf tournament, motor boat hundred bands and races, a fireworks display such as you drum corps made a nine never saw before, a clambake at Nantasket Beach that attracted line twenty-eight miles long that passed the stands for nearly people. It was a holiday eight thousand. What the barbecue is to the South and West the hours before more than two million 23 DECEMBER. 1930 From the land of Ethan Allen and his Green Moun- tain Boys: Drum corps of Mont- pelier (Vermont) Post swinging down the line

for everyone in Boston and for neighboring towns within twenty miles where the schools let out and even post offices were closed. The thirty thousand seats in the stands erected by the convention committee were occupied before ten in the morning. Eyery street along the line of march was banked with humanity. Windows and roofs were rilled. Small boys perched precariously on cornices and dotted the high branches of the trees in the Common like blackbirds. As a squadron of khaki-colored Army planes in close formation hummed overhead the pageant got under way a little after ten o'clock, led by Past National Comman- the der Paul V. McNutt, grand marshal, and Major Before the golden domed Massachusetts State House a General Clarence Edwards, wartime commander of the Twenty- solid mass of humanity, disposed on sidewalk, bleachers sixth Division, who will ever remain first in the hearts of New and even on the roof of the State House itself, sat and stood Englanders. Then came the Legion's national champion band patiently as the twenty-eight-mile-long parade passed by from Electric Post in Milwaukee, convoying the automobiles containing National Commander Bodenhamer, General Per- for something like nine hours shing, Governor Allen, Mayor Curley, James of J. Jewell, Commander-in-Chief the Grand Army of Republic, W. W. Stephens, head of for the Auxiliary. Then the national the United Confederate Veterans, the Secre- champion drum and bugle corps of 1929 taries of War and the Navy and other nota- from Frankford Post in Philadelphia in bles who dropped from the line at the official their dazzling uniforms of the Canadian reviewing stand and watched the rest of the Northwest Mounted Police. Then the show. foreign and overseas departments: Two famous military organizations of Canada, France with a real 40 and 8 Massachusetts, the First Corps Cadets, or- box car, Italy, Panama in white linens, ganized in 1728, and the Lawrence Light Philippine Islands, Greece, Porto Rico. Guard, in their quaint uniforms, escorted the A stands for Arizona which was first prize winning membership floats—Arkansas, in the line of states not because of that Porto Rico and North Carolina for the fact but because it had the largest gain Legion, Utah, Arkansas and West Virginia in membership last year. Its mascot, "Miss Arizona," was a mouse-colored burro caught wild near Casa Grande a day or so before the delegation started east. After the parade Miss Arizona was presented to Mayor Curley, who had her turned loose to a life of circum- scribed leisure in the zoo. South Dakota made its bow with the Estelline Drum and Bugle Corps and As when Caesar re- then came Florida stepping high behind turned the wars from the Harvey Seeds Post Drum Corps from in triumph, the crowds Miami, three times national champions, climbed to chimney having lifted the laurels this year from tops to see tvhat was the scarlet tunics of the Frankford boys going on. heft, Illi- of Philadelphia. The Miami musicians nois comes marching have an honorary drum major in the and on with the Evanston person of Miss Mary Lou Green, idea works grand when you can Legion drum corps in the find a girl like Mary Lou, who nearly the lead got herself snowed under with confetti. Nebraska was to be observed still

rubbing it in about being the place where Iowa gets her seed corn. The svelte form of Snapper Ingram, showing to its best advantage in a clinging orange sweater and white pants, made a fine right guide for California, which got a big hand all along the line. Los Angeles had a swell kids' fife, drum and bugle corps that looked to

24 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly His Majesty the American: Chief White Eagle of Clinton, Okla- homa, in tribal regalia heading his State's delegation

the program was M isconsin, which always cuts itself a big slice of cake, led by the Auxiliary drum corps from Mil- waukee. That outfit is there. And so is the corps from Racine, which has won more titles than any other musical aggregation in the Legion. This year it took second place in the national contests. Racine's "Boys of '76 and '17" float is a fixture in Legion parades for six or seven years now and always gets a hand. It was followed by a float contributed by Brookline, Massachusetts, depicting the death of Scotty the fifteen-year-old newsboy of Brookline who died at his Chauchat automatic rifle, a little vignette of the war immortalized in 1918 by Ser- geant Alexander Woollcott in The Stars and Stripes. Fifteen thousand Legionnaires aboard Navy vessels and Chief Henry Tallman of the Navajos and some cowboys pro- other craft helped cheer the American schooner Gertrude L. vided local color for New Mexico and then came North Carolina Thebaud as it crossed the line at Gloucester, Mas- finish with a rainbow 'round its shoulder which on closer inspection sachusetts, ahead of its rival, the Canadian Bluenose, proved to be a composite of Hornets Nest Post Drum and Bugle in the first of the international fishermen s races Corps, Auxiliary marchers in dazzling red capes over their white dresses, the Raleigh Drum Corps, a symphony of purples and white, and last but not least the colored drum corps of Colonel be a hundred strong and made a great hit. Charles Young Post of Charlotte, with a Dr. Horatio Nelson Jackson and leader who has reached the top of his pro- four pretty girls in green capes showed fession. the way for Vermont, which was out in Indiana came on in the path of glory blazed force. The green color scheme of the by the Indianapolis Auxiliary Drum Corps, Burlington drum corps and the buff world's champions for drumming and for and blue of Montpelier showed off to looks. Like a great silver ghost the Navy fine effect and the Auxiliary ladies in dirigible Los Angeles passed over the review- blue dresses and capes with red linings ing stand at the same time, but the Hoosier and facings caught the eye at quite a girls were equal to the competition. Beyond distance. Iowa stepped up behind the the banks of the Wabash lies Illinois, which band from Waterloo playing "Happy hove round the {Continued on page Days." Hanford MacNider, United 48) States Minister to Canada, walked with his post from Mason City, but who wouldn't have, considering that not so far away was the girl's drill team from Knoxville? The sure-enough Indians from Okla- homa in party beads and buckskins were a treat for New England youngsters. Then came New Hampshire led The Salvation Army by a company of infantry in Revolu- tionary uniform which was a favorite served coffee and with the newsreel cameramen. The doughnuts to war next governor of Kansas marched with mothers and a thou- the Sunflower delegation, though no sand disabled men in one knew for certain who he was. It the bleachers. Right, is this way: Harry Woodring and the U. S. S. Consti- Haucke, opposing candidates Frank the tution, otherwise Old for the governorship, were delegates to Ironsides, decked out the convention. They roomed together for her convention sail, at the Statler Hotel and went home to continue their campaigns. Before these the first in thirty-three lines see the light of day the election years will have rolled around and one of them will be the governor-elect of Kansas. The "cave men" from Oregon, clad in skins and armed with war clubs, treated the customers to a bit of vaudeville. Next on

DECEMBER, 1930 25 — For God and COUNTRY

Mr. Hoover spoke as a wartime comrade of his listeners who had struggled through the ordeals of a You Are dozen years ago so familiar to them. (Philip He said he understood why The American Legion came into being An Army that it was not only the "comradeship of high adventure" which gave it birth, but also "the common understanding which war called forth, Mobilized the common experience from which S—T yQISTORIANS of sprang the highest emotions of ^* § £ later generations will patriotism . . . shoulder to shoul- _ m g look back to that for der companionship in an idealism moment at Boston in which transfigured men's lives." October of Nineteen Thirty when Among those who heard these Herbert Hoover, President of the Unselfish words were Legionnaires who had United States, recited clause by taken part in the events of the clause the Preamble to the Consti- and Legion's founding days—the spon- tution of The American Legion and taneous discussions of the need of a declared it "a real preface to Amer- veterans' organization which took ican citizenship." Not only the ex- Constructive place in camps everywhere during pression of The American Legion's the early days of demobilization own reasons for being, that Pre- and the historic caucuses of Paris amble as Mr. Hoover looked upon and St. Louis. They found dra- it, but also a whole nation's battle Endeavor matic contrast between those early ordersin the march toward national events and the overwhelming con- destiny. Not a code alone for the vention at Boston. To them the nine hundred thousand members convention hall, as President Hoo- of The American Legion whose ver spoke, seemed to stand for all elected representatives were gath- the progress which the Legion had ered in Boston for The Ameri- made in twelve years of history. can Legion's Twelfth National 46 Present, grouped behind the Convention, but a declaration of aligned banners of their States, principles to which any citizen of were 1250 delegates who repre- the United States might subscribe. sented almost nine hundred thou- Mr. Hoover's words transcended formal courtesy and compli- sand members. They gave evidence of Legion growth and vitality mentary oratory. They brought to mind the words of an earlier —a gain of almost 100,000 members in the year of 1930. Present President of the United States who had assured his hearers of The also in the Arena, the huge glass-inclosed auditorium, were five American Legion that the destiny of the next half century of the thousand other Legionnaires, as many of the scores of thousands United States would be in their hands and that he had every con- who had come to Boston as could find seats on the Arena floor fidence that they would guard their heritage with faith and high and in the balcony tiers. competence. On the broad speakers' platform, in the intermittent glare of the The address which President Hoover gave at the opening ses- photographers' flood lights, were the convention's distinguished sion of the Legion's Twelfth National Convention was published guests. There were President Hoover and Mrs. Hoover, Calvin in every newspaper and his words were carried over the whole Coolidge and Mrs. Coolidge, the Governors of the New England country by radio. Motion pictures and photographs in the news- States, two of them Legionnaires, General Pershing, Admiral papers conveyed to millions some idea of the spirit and the color William Benson, General Henri Gouraud of France, the notable of the meeting. But the printed words, the motion pictures and representatives of other Allied countries, and Colonel Fred W. the scenes the camera caught could not reflect the whole signifi- Abbot of Great Britain, retiring President of Fidac, with other cance of the ceremonies. These could only convey inadequately officials of that inter-Allied organization whose annual congress the realization, stronger at Boston than at any preceding national had been held in Washington in September. There were also convention of The American Legion, that the Legion is the coun- Legionnaire Patrick J. Hurley, Secretary of War, Legionnaire F. try's foremost school for leadership, that from its councils in com- Trubee Davison, Assistant Secretary of War, and Charles F. munities and States are emerging the actual leaders of today in Adams, Secretary of the Navy. There too were the largest dele- public affairs and the potential leaders of tomorrow. gation of Past National Commanders of the Legion ever assem-

26 Thc AMERICAN LEGION Monthly The gang s all here! Standards of Legion Departments grouped around the neivly-elected National Commander, Ralph T. (Dyke) O'Neil of Topeka, Kansas, on the convention platform

bled during a convention—Milton J. Foreman of Illinois, John In addition to the honors paid to the convention's distinguished G. Emery of Michigan, Hanford MacNider of Iowa, recently ap- guests, the first session on Monday morning was featured by ad- pointed Minister to Canada, Alvin Owsley of Texas, John R. dresses of welcome by Frank G. Allen, Governor of Massachusetts, Quinn of California, Edward E. Spaf- James M. Curley, Mayor of Boston, ford of New York and Paul V. Mc- John J. O'Connell, Past Commander Nutt of Indiana. of the Massachusetts Department,

National Commander O. L. Bo- and Carroll J. Swan, President of the denhamer introduced all these and Boston Convention Corporation, a re- other distinguished guests while the sponse to these addresses by Frank J. floodlights shone brilliantly upon the Schoble, Jr., National Vice Com- extraordinary assemblage and the mander, greetings by Mrs. Donald background of flags and banners. In Macrae, Jr., National President of The the balcony above the speakers' plat- American Legion Auxiliary, a memo- form, drum and bugle corps saluted rial service conducted by Reverend the most distinguished guests with Father George F. Kettell, National stirring music. The convention au- Chaplain, greetings by E. Snapper dience gave long demonstrations for Ingram, Chef de Chemin de Fer of President Hoover and Mrs. Hoover, the Forty and Eight, and National for former President Coolidge and Commander Bodenhamer's presenta- Mrs. Coolidge, and cheered all other tion of his annual report, copies of guests with cordiality. which were printed for general dis- Never before had the opening ses- tribution. sion of an American Legion national Mr. Bodenhamer's annual report convention been so colorful. One was proof that the Legion in 1030 had big moment followed another. There reached new heights of prestige and was the entry of President Hoover accomplishment. It recited the enact- and Mrs. Hoover to the accompani- ment of a series of most important ment of music and cheering. There laws by Congress at the request of the was the crowd's insistent demand Legion, the performance of the Le- upon former President Coolidge for a gion's own duty to the disabled speech which evoked a Coolidge through the maintenance of the Na- smile that broke all records and tional Rehabilitation Committee with finally brought Mr. Coolidge to the The National Commander and Mrs. O'Ne/l in central offices at Washington, and rostrum where he gave his audience their first ordeal-by-camera in a year that will be workers for the assistance of claimants a happy sentiment. General Per- full of that sort of thing in the principal offices of the Veterans shing, who has missed but two Legion Bureau throughout the country; the national conventions, gave his bless- carrying on of a nation-wide effort ing to the big audience after it had cheered him for many min that gives great promise, under the direction of the Legion's utes. He is Honorary National Commander of the American National Child Welfare Committee, to procure the enactment in Legion, an honor granted only one other, the late Marshal Foch. each State of adequate legislation protecting the rights of chil-

DECEMBER. 1930 27 Marines from the Charlestown Navy Yard marching through the arch placed before Faneuil Hall for all the parades in Boston of the Massachusetts Tercentenary celebration

Some of the finest, otherwise Police Post of Jersey City, New Jersey. Theirs was a continuous ovation throughout the line of march

back into harness. The old timers rubbed elbows at Boston with energetic later leaders who have been coming up step by step in posts and departments. At no other convention has the Legion's democratic process of giving recognition to ability and personality shown itself so fully. Observers of public life not associated with the Legion commented on the high character of the convention's parliamen- tary proceedings, the ability of the chairmen who presented committee reports and those who spoke for or against proposals under consideration, the forcefulness of the nominating speeches when the election of officers was being held. Traditionally the national convention elects as National Commander a Legionnaire who has risen by conspicuous service in his own State and his service in national affairs of the Legion over many years. The Boston convention elected as National Commander Ralph T. O'Neil of To- peka, Kansas, a Past National Vice- Commander, whose career exempli- fies the process by which the Legion confers its highest recognition on leaders of demonstrated ability and those other qualities which the post dren; the continuing service of all Ameri- requires. Mr. O'Neil—he is known can Legion posts to the communities in everywhere in the Legion simply as which they are located; the Legion's pro- Dyke O'Neil—was elected on the first gram for the maintenance of adequate na- ballot and received 870 votes of 1243 tional defense and, finally, the most sur- cast. The only other nominee was prising growth of The American Legion's J. Monroe Johnson of South Caro- own membership in a year marked by eco- lina, whose own record in his Depart- nomic depression. ment and in the Legion's national No one who heard the record of the past affairs marks him as one of the strong- year as given by National Commander est men in the organization. of the Bodenhamer could mistake its significance. Ernest A. Ryan, Adjutant For twelve years, commentators have re- Department of Kansas, nominated Mr. in called that the growth of the Grand Army O'Neil in a notable address, which O'Neil's career. of the Republic in its earlier days was slow he presented Mr. is boy, born in Kan- and its peak of membership did not come "He a Kansas he has until twenty-five years after the war in sas, educated in Kansas, and lived in all his life except in which its members fought. The Legion Kansas away at will not have to wait twenty years to come those years when he was said. "In in into its heritage of after-the-war leader- war," Mr. Ryan 1913 of this arena he was grad- ship, if the gain of 100,000 members made the shadow Law School. He in 1030 may be taken as an index. uated from Harvard This conclusion was supported by other came back to Kansas and was early his evidences at Boston. That convention was made prosecuting attorney of position when marked by a remobilization of the Legion's county. He held that resigned im- own leaders of its organization period. Al- war was declared. He mediately and was commissioned a most every state delegation brought to superin- Legionnaire Captain Albert Edson, infantry and as- Boston leaders of earlier years who have first lieutenant of tendent the East Boston Airport, presents Infantry of not been seen at other recent conventions. of signed to the Eleventh greetings to Legionnaire Hurley, Secretary of has a most Perhaps this was due in part to National the Fifth Division. He Washington by record. He was Commander Bodenhamer's effort this year War, on his arrival from distinguished war of battle to induce the "elder statesmen" to get airplane cited for valor on the field 28 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Confetti and streamers and flags in a Boston canyon, and the band of the First Corps Cadets of Boston, which dates from aivay back in ijz8

A veteran just arrived from tlx war: 40 and 8 boxcar used in igi4~i8 and presented to the Legion s boxcar society by the French government

and he was loved by all his comrades of that great Fifth Division. "He has been post commander of the largest post of our De- partment and he has been commander of our Department. He has been a member of the National Executive Committee. He is a man who knows the Legion from the ground up." Immediately after the election there was the parade by States to the platform and National Commander O'Neil was almost surrounded by cheering delegates as he stood under the blazing floodlights and addressed the convention. He addressed himself to the Legion as a peacetime army. "You have given me the responsibility of taking new objectives," he declared. "I feel that we can take these objectives largely because of my faith in the local posts. Strong local posts make strong Departments. Strong Departments make The Ameri- can Legion. During time of war, commanders and leaders are necessary, but it is the doughboy with his bayonet that gains the objectives and wins the battle." The convention elected as National Vice-Commanders Harry B. Henderson, Jr., of Cheyenne, Wyoming; Bert S. Hyland of Rutland, Vermont; Dr. Neal Williams of Excelsior Springs, Mis- souri; Roland B. Howell of Thibodaux, Louisiana, and Dr. James A. Duff of Martinsburg, West Virginia. Reverend Joseph vention committees, each committee composed of representatives Barnett, rector of Trinity Episcopal Church of Oshkosh, Wiscon- from many States, were sitting in rooms and small halls deliberat- sin, was elected National Chaplain. At the meeting of the Na- ing on the many resolutions which had come to Boston from the tional Executive Committee following the convention National department conventions. The titles of the committees indicated Commander O'Neil announced the reappointments of James F. the nature of their duties—Resolutions, Finance, Internal Organ- Barton of Iowa as National Adjutant, Bowman Elder of Indiana ization, Rehabilitation, Legislation, Americanism, Child Welfare, as National Treasurer, Scott Lucas of Illinois as National Judge Constitutional Amendments, Time and Place of Next Conven- Advocate, and Eben Putnam of Massachusetts as National His- tion, National Defense, and Foreign Relations. Each committee, torian. after hours of deliberation, prepared a report for submission to the Detroit was selected as The American Legion's 1931 national whole body of the convention delegates, and the committee chair- convention city after a spirited contest between that city and Los man read this report, resolution by resolution, for the approval or Angeles which was decided by a rollcall vote of the States. De- disapproval of the convention. troit received 658 votes and Los Angeles 570. The convention's An occasional debate enlivened the formalities of recording the committee on time and place of next convention announced that national convention's will, although at Boston the Legion showed the Department of Illinois had reaffirmed the invitation, pre- itself united as never before on all its major policies and programs. sented last year, that the Legion hold its 1933 national convention Even on the highly explosive issue of prohibition, the convention in Chicago. Maryland announced it would seek the 1932 conven- showed itself agreed—in a determination not to permit itself to tion for Baltimore and Oregon announced it would also seek the become involved in a controversy which would detract from its convention for that year for Portland. strength and energy for the performance of its own major tasks. Detroit's invitation was presented by Legionnaire Wilber M. There was a debate and rollcall by States on the question of the Brucker, Attorney General ot Michigan, and Legionnaire Frank method to be followed in 193 1 in determining standing of Depart- T. Murphy, Mayor of Detroit, while Past National Commander ments on the basis of their enrolments, but the convention upheld JohnR. Quinn, representative of Los Angeles, spoke for his own its own committee's recommendation that comparative depart- city, urging that the Legion would find real pleasure in helping mental standings be figured on the basis of the number of service Los Angeles next year celebrate the 150th anniversary of its men living in each State as shown by the 1930 census report. founding. Those opposing this system argued for the retention of the old On Wednesday and Thursday of convention week, The Ameri- system of basing comparative standings on average membership can Legion formulated the policies which will guide it during the of each Department for a period of four preceding years. coming year. Procedure in carrying out the business of the national There was debate also on a proposal for the immediate payment convention is much the same every year. While the scores of thou- of adjusted compensation certificates, a proposal which had been sands of convention visitors were joining in the vast carnival on indorsed by several Departments. The proposal, in the form of a Boston's streets on the last two days, members of ten national con- minority report, was voted down after John R. Quinn of Califor-

DECF.MBER, 1950 29 lished summary includes a list of fifty-seven resolutions recommending new legislation or changes in Veterans Bureau regulations to extend the rights and privileges of disabled men or to rectify existing defects in law or regulations. The summary also includes a list of seventeen resolutions in favor of legislative action of other categories as well as nine resolutions of a general nature. Included in the summary also are the full text of the convention's actions on the subjects of Americanism, child welfare, national defense and foreign relations. The convention's Committee on Resolutions was composed of thirty-nine members. It considered eighty-two resolutions, disapproved sixty-three, referred ten to other committees and reported to the convention only nine, all of which were adopted by the convention. Of these nine possibly the most significant was that which read: "Resolved, that The American Legion call upon its members to oppose all such veteran legislation that may jeopardize the support of our citizens in the continuance of our hospitalization and rehabilitation program, and, further, we do declare that we condemn the practice of proposals of legislation primarily designed to attract our votes." General Frank T. Hines, who recently stepped from his post as Director of the Veterans Bureau to become Ad- ministrator of Veterans' Affairs, discussed in an address to the convention his hope that the consolidation of all governmental agencies dealing with service men would bring a solution to many problems which vitally affect the welfare of the country. After reviewing provisions made for veterans of other wars as well as veterans of the World War, General Hines referred to the law passed by Con- gress at its last session granting financial assistance to disabled men unable to prove service origin of their disabilities, the law providing for disability allowances. Remarked General Hines: "After these many years in trial of various forms of relief we find ourselves again back, after a long detour, on the highway of pensions in a little different form. But, after all, with a It's Detroit in 1951. Past steady and constant National Commander John demand for the adequate and proper R. Quinn yielding for Los care of the veterans, Angeles the right to be host there is nothing that next year to the convention, we feel is wrong and shaking hands with with pensions, Legionnaire Attorney Gen- whether we call it a eral W. M. Brucker of disability allowance Michigan ivhile Legionnaire or a pension. It has Mayor Frank T. Murphy served honorably the soldiers of other of Detroit smiles broadly wars." nia, who was National Com- General Hines mander in the year the ad- later said: "When justed compensation law was we consider the ex- enacted, spoke against it. The penditures of the rollcall vote was 967 td 244. consolidated agency The perennial issue revolv- having to do with ing about the expenditure of the veterans and child welfare funds derived realize that it is ap- from The American Legion's proaching $Ql6,- $5,000,000 Endowment Fund 000,000 annually, I to right, also inspired a debate, in which The new National Commander and his Vice-Commanders . Left think it indicates the decisive speech was deliv- standing, Dr. James Duff, Martinsburg, West Virginia; Harry B. the necessity for studying carefully ered by Past National Com- Henderson, Jr., Cheyenne, Wyoming; Roland B. Howell, Thibodaux, and deliberately by mander James A. Drain, who Louisiana; Dr. Neal D. Williams, Excelsior Springs, Missouri; Bert had directed the raising of the those most familiar S. Hyland, Rutland, Vermont Fund. The convention ap- with the problem proved the report of its Child the steps next to be Welfare committee which showed that all applications from taken. Changes will have to be made. They require careful Congress Departments for direct relief for children, in which the children deliberation . . . There is an important problem which were eligible to relief, had been cared for and the National Child alone can settle, and that is the determination of the policy of Welfare Division had an unexpended balance of $33,375 for the whether we are to go forward and construct hospitals for all first eight months of 1030. The report also urged that all depart- veterans of all wars, regardless of disability. My policy is well ment child welfare chairmen submit applications for relief to the known. It is that the Federal Government, having entered upon national division when relief is not available locally. this problem of adequate care for the veterans in the matter of Full reports of these actions and others taken by the conven- hospitalization, is best able to meet it and should make provi- tion are contained in the Summary of Proceedings published by sions for all veterans." National Headquarters for distribution to all posts. This pub- The convention adopted an important resolution directing that 30 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly a new standing committee of six members be appointed to be known as the Resolutions Assignments Committee. It will be charged with the duty of considering in advance of the national convention all resolutions transmitted by De- partments for the possible action of the convention. A convention committee would be authorized to consider only resolutions approved by the Assignments Committee unless by consent of at least three-quarters of the members of the committee. Still another resolution authorized the continuance of The American Legion's campaign to insure legislation in all States to provide state financial aid for orphans of World War service men who are students at institutions of higher learning. Major General P. C. Harris, U. S. A., retired, who was Adjutant General of the Army during the World War, is director of this national activity. An international celebration of the two hundredth anniversary of George Washington's birthday and the birthday of General Lafayette, to be held in Washington in 1932, was recommended in another resolution. The United States Government was requested to invite the World War veterans of France to come to the United States for a reunion as a part of this celebration. The Resolutions Committee did not approve a resolution submitted by the Department of New York calling for the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment to the Federal Con- stitution. This resolution was presented to the convention in a minority report which was read by Delegate Cotter of New York. The convention applauded and cheered when National Commander Bodenhamer said: "In the opinion of the chair, this resolution is in direct conflict with the political re- striction clause of The Ameri- can Legion's Constitution. It is likewise the opinion of the chair that this organization should never take a position upon a question of a political nature which will detract from the high purpose to which we have dedicated our effort, that of advancing the cause of our disabled and They ran the convention without a hitch. National their dependents. For these Commander Bodenhamer and Carroll J. Sivan, two reasons I declare the mo- President of the Boston Convention Corporation tion to adopt out of order." Amid further applause National Commander Bo- ation of Labor, which was holding its own national con- denhamer added: "In fair- vention in Boston, proposed that the Legion join with ness to those who may favor his own organization in efforts to relieve distress caused a discussion of this, the con- by unemployment. "We have been hoping that we would emerge from this cyclical reaction," Mr. Green said in his address to the Legionnaires. "This winter is going to be most difficult. There is going to be much distress. It occurs to me that it will be the duty of these two organizations to co-operate through the establishment of official committees in cities and towns of the country, in the industrial sections of our land, in an effort to relieve economic distress. Out of it Reverend Joe Barnett, the new we must feel that there shall come a permanent remedy, National Chaplain, rector of a permanent solution for this difficult problem of unem- Trinity Episcopal Church, Osh- ployment." kosh, Wisconsin. Left, Charles The convention adopted the report of its committee on Americanism which included a resolution indorsing the E. Perry of Kittery Point, effort of Congress to investigate communistic activities Maine, elected Chef de Chemin in the United States and calling for legislation to end de Per of the 40 and 8 these activities. The report urged also new and adequate laws for the punishment and deportation of violators of vention can appeal from the nation's immigration laws. Tom McManus of California, the decision of the chair chairman of the convention Americanism committee, in an ad- and if my ruling is not dress urged all delegates to impress on their own posts the neces- sustained the matter will sity of carrying on active Americanism programs in 1031. be up for discussion." Legionnaire Charles B. Robbins of Iowa, former Assistant Sec- The New York dele- retary of War, presented the report on national defense which gate thereupon appealed defined the Legion's policies for the support of the Army and from the ruling of the Navy and air forces and the upbuilding generally of the country's chair and his motion was seconded. National Commander Boden- means of defense. This report included the recommendation that hamer called for a vote and declared that the response sustained the Legion's rifle marksmanship program, conducted during 1930 the chair's ruling. The New York delegate moved that the roll be under the direction of Frank J. Schneller. Past Commander of called but his motion was not seconded. the Department of Wisconsin, be continued during 1931 and The Legion was called upon to consider another national that Congress be asked to appropriate an additional sum of problem when William Green, President of The American Feder- $50,000 for the aid of civilian rifle clubs. (Continued on page 44)

DECEMBER, 1930 51 THE DEBT ^SERVICE

y JflEN the gavel in the serious deliberation but at the same ^|/| /hand of Mrs. Donald time more than a touch of color, of Macrae, National Presi- brightness and pageantry is present. r r dent, fell calling into This could be noted particularly in session the national convention of The the opening ceremonies, which began American Legion Auxiliary in Boston a full two hours before the Legion dele- on October 6th, it heralded the com- gates began to assemble for their own pletion of the first decade of the power- convention. Banners and flowers, ful women's organization which in beautiful women beautifully gowned, every sense has kept pace with The a host of white-garbed young women American Legion. It was a far cry acting as aides to the national officers from the comparative handful of and as pages to each department dele- women who in 192 1 witnessed the of- gation, colorful ribbons and sashes, ficial birth of The American Legion music, a processional of women in Pil- Auxiliary in Kansas City to the gather- grim dress from Plymouth, Massachu- ing of the representatives of nearly four setts, chanting an anthem, all com- hundred thousand Auxiliares in Sym- bined to make an inspiring picture. phony Hall in Boston. The call to order by the National Much stress has been placed on the President, the invocation by Mrs. W. term "service men." Alongside that W. Townes, Jr., of Virginia, National accepted designation of the men who Chaplain, the National Anthem sung defended their country in the World by Madame Rose Zulalian of Boston, War there should be emblazoned in and the 687 delegates accredited by equally bright letters the term "ser- the credentials committee settled vice women." Those women who down to serious work which was in- fought the more difficult battle behind terspersed with greetings and music the lines in 1017 and 1918 are still and other interesting interludes which standing shoulder to shoulder with made the sessions thoroughly en- their men. joyable. As is customary, the initial Greeting The American Legion of- session was of short duration so that ficially, Mrs. Macrae propounded a the Auxiliares might join with the question in her sprightly wartime story Legion in its opening ceremonies and regarding the cancelation of the obli- in paying honor to President Hoover gation to Lafayette, which she as head and the other distinguished guests. of the Auxiliary could well have an- Tribute was paid to Mrs. Franklin swered herself. Quoting the doughboy Mrs. Robert L. Hoyal of Douglas, Arizona, Lee Bishop, Past National President, slogan paid Massachusetts, as General "We've our debt to Lafa- the new National President of The American of who yette, who the hell do we owe now?" Legion Auxiliary Chairman of the Auxiliary convention she might have added that her organi- was largely responsible for the splendid zation not alone recognized the con- arrangements made, and who in turn tinuing debt to the disabled veterans, to their families, and to the presented her committee chairmen, to whom she generously gave dependents of the men who failed to return from the war, but the credit. that it was paying the debt in full. In her official report, Mrs. Macrae proudly told of a member- Each of the 7,000 units of the Auxiliary in the fifty-one de- ship increase of almost forty thousand during her term of office, partment organizations in the United States, in the territories credited largely to a wider appreciation of the activities and pur- and in France has contributed its share to this great work. The poses of the Auxiliary. Economic conditions placed a particularly service rendered in the towns and cities is of paramount impor- heavy burden on the organization during the past year, and it tance, but the same splendid co-operation was given in a national was with satisfaction that she stated the Auxiliary units had met way when The American Legion expressed to the Auxiliary its the increased demands made upon them. She reported the con- need for $25,000 to continue the work of the Legion's National tinuation of exceptional rehabilitation work, stressing the effi- Rehabilitation Committee in Washington, D. C, the clearing- ciency attained in the contact with disabled men in hospitals, house for thousands of claims of disabled men. Through an as- where the feminine touch is of particular value. Fifty thousand sessment of each of its 368,600 members, the Auxiliary was able veterans in hospitals had benefited from the Christmas gift pro- not alone to meet the request, but to add an extra $5,000 for the gram which had been outlined. She recommended that the work. This was one of the high points in the National President's Auxiliary units meet particularly the problem of men discharged report at the opening session of the convention, and Mrs. from hospitals who needed assistance in re-establishing them- Macrae could add that the $30,000 investment brought returns selves in life and suggested that aid could be offered through the of more than $5,000,000 in compensation to disabled men. convalescent workshops and in sales of veteran-made articles. There is something about an assembly of a women's organi- Her report covered the varied activities of the organization, zation that is difficult to describe. There is a firm foundation of including child welfare, education of war orphans, Americanism,

32 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Glee Club of Minnesota Auxiliares marching on Tremont Street in the convention parade. At the left may be seen part of the bleachers at the edge of Boston Common in which were seated a small portion of the two million ivho watched the twenty-eight-mile-long parade

legislation, poppy sales, and national defense, in all of which view it, committees were in meeting outlining new programs, notable progress had been made. Special tribute was paid to the suggesting developments of accepted plans and making recom- national and department and unit officers who had served with mendations for the consideration of all of the delegates. Two her. breakfast meetings were held. Mrs. Boyce Ficklen, Jr., of At the evening session of the first day's program, many dis- Georgia, Past National President, presided as chairman of her tinguished guests were presented to the convention. The first Committee on Rehabilitation, with Mrs. Robert L. Hoyal of National President of the Auxiliary, Mrs. Lowell Arizona, Chairman of the National Child Welfare Fletcher Hobart of Ohio, who is now Presi- Committee, as co-chairman. The activities dent-General of the D. A. R., spoke of of these two committees are closely the common purposes of the Hied. At the same time a publicity ganizations and offered the and radio breakfast, at which a tinued co-operation of the j discussion of the use of radio A. R. Lady Edward Spen- broadcasting in furthering cer-Churchill, chairman of the work of the Auxiliary the Women's Section of took place, was held with the British Legion, Mrs. John G. Gilmore, Madame Maurice Bre- chairman, presiding. mard, Vice-President of The report of Mrs. the Fidac Auxiliary for Ficklen's committee, France, and Madame which included reso- Julie de Mazaraki of lutions having to do Poland, President of with the development the Fidac Auxiliary, ex- of an occupational tended the greetings of therapy program for the service women of disabled veterans, the their respective countries. sale of articles made by The American War disabled, contact with im- Mothers were represented t prisoned servicemen and a Mrs. Virgil McClure, President, follow-up program for disabled while Mrs. Agnes Parker, Past Na- veterans discharged from hospitals, tional President of the Woman's was unanimously adopted by the Relief Corps, spoke for the women convention. of the older organization. At sub- Even though ten million poppies National Vice-Presidents the Auxiliary: Left to sequent sessions National Com- of were made during the past year by mander O. L. Bodenhamer, Na- right, Mrs. Gail T. Dudgeon of West Virginia, Mrs. disabled veterans, netting them tional Adjutant James F. Barton R. S. Heaton of New Jersey, Mrs. A. C. Carlson of earnings of $100,000, it was recom- and other distinguished guests ad- Minnesota, Mrs. E. E. Laubaugh of Idaho, and mended that there are still possi- dressed the convention. Airs. John G. Gilmore of Tennessee bilities of expansion which will While no business sessions of the assist greatly in the organization's Auxiliary convention were held on the day of the annual parade. rehabilitation work for which the money derived from this source in order to permit delegations to participate in the parade or to is used only. In its report to the convention (Continued on page 46)

DECEMBER, 1930 33 FROM SOUP TO NUTS Believe It or Not By Wallgren

The weary hunter wends his ivay — Discouraged quite, he to the sport But tiring soon, he rigs his line "No luck" has been his lot today. Of fishing then must make resort. Onto his gun, in quaint design, WB

And so, by this device set free, A bite —a yank—a loud report— The fish is landed high and dry, Snores 'tieath a spreading chestnut tree. A catch has cut his slumbers short. And bullets speed their way on high.

Some on their way knock off a squirrel— Another pellet has the luck The nuts fall thick—the game falls fast A roosting turkey falls awhirl. To find its lodging in a duck. The ' ivildered hunter stares aghast. ~n—w.

Crushed in flight is a startled hare At last he crawls from his defenses Then home the hunter wends his way— By the falling duck from high in air. And taking stock he doubts his senses. Great luck has been his lot today.

34 The AMERICAN LEGTOM Monthly " — — " Bursts aslDuds'

Grandfather Noah's Ark, Every issue ought to have one kid The big Free Tobacco laden with its legitimate ton- story, so this is it. Little Johnny—there- Fund fight for the benefit of nage of beasties, birdies, and by getting away from the theory that all the Cigarette Starved Tot- what-have-you, had taken children in anecdotes must be named ties of Central Abyssinia had sea for its non-stop voyage to \\ ill ie —reappeared from the bathroom to been staged under the aus- Ararat — "join the mariners and see the which he had been directed by his mother. pices of Miss Totsy Twinkle, current world"—-and everything seemed hotsy "That's a little better," she said. stellar attraction of the Fiegfe'd Zollies. until on the second night out Japheth de- "Your face is cleaner, but your hands The last bout had resulted in the knock- veloped a bad case of the glooms. my heavens, how did you ever get your out victory of Luke McSwatt over another "And why?" chorused Shem and Ham. hands so dirty?" heavyweight named Swatt McLuke,both "Ain't this a swell crossing? The ocean's 'Washin' me face." of the Argentine. calm, there are no obnoxious tourists As Mr. McSwatt was leaving the ring aboard, and if you get bored you can he was approached by a would-be well traipse around and look at the Zoo." Before the door of a famous urban wisher of Miss Twinkle, bearing a bunch "That's the trouble," the junior brother night club and speakeasy paused a gentle- of posies. Said the latter: confessed. "How am I ever going to ex- man accompanied by a lady friend. He "I—ah—wonder if you could give me plain to the folks back home how I hap- pressed the button three times, de- an introduction to the hostess of the eve- pened to see a coupla elephants and a claimed that he was a friend of Oscar's ning, Miss Twinkle. You— —ah—in your striped zebra in my bedroom when I woke and then asked: position, you know—ah up this morning?" "This is the Purple Goose, isn't it?" "I'm sorry," Mr. McSwatt answered "No, sir," the guardian of the gate re- firmly. "Mother's gone home to see that sponded. "The Purple Goose was raided, my little brothers get in their shadow Into a second-hand jewelry shop padlocked, closed and abolished forever boxing." stepped the troubled owner of a watch he almost three hours ago. This is the Violet had bought there the day before. He laid Gander. Won't you come in?" it before the clerk. Seth and Beth were viewing the aurora "It won't run," he explained timidly. borealis, sometimes known as the north- "When I wound it up last night I guess I Into a toney restaurant, ern lights, for the first time. The sky was must have overwound it. That's where I the sort you read about in ablaze with glory. Red, purple, green made my mistake." novels, strode a policeman. and orange filled the heavens. "No," the other returned, after looking Of the head waiter he asked "Was ever anything so wonderful?" over the instrument. "Where you made questions and then ap- breathed Beth, feeling that the very ut- your mistake was in ever trying to wind proached a snooty looking gentleman. terance of words would be an imperti- it at all." The cop sized him up: nence. "My Lord," he said, "your car waits "Urn," agreed Seth. "It's all right. without." Only it don't seem to have no point to it, This is in the nature—very ill nature "Without what?" inquired his lordship not advertisin' anything." of a one-act tragedy. facetiously, and after the old formula. Aspiring but unappreciated young "Without lights. Here's your ticket. The airplane had gone blooey in mid- author writes to the young lady of his Nine o'clock in Traffic Court tomorrow." sky, and one of the occupants, the only choice offering his hand in marriage. one who possessed a parachute strapped She answers, beginning "I regret to to him and himself a racing automobile say— They do say that when "All Quiet on driver by profession, looked on with envy Out of sheer force of habit, he tosses the Western Front" was produced re- as his companion, unprotected, zoomed himself into the waste paper basket with cently—or fairly recently—a pair of dow- past while he was being wafted gently and the rest of the rejection slips. agers were discussing the advisability of safely to earth. attending it and finally gave their verdict "Now, that," he commented, while he in the negative. was still a thousand yards or so above Cissie de Missie, the fa- "No," said one, "I'm tired of these ground, "is what I call speed. Hell, I mous movie star, decided to Westerns, with their cowpunching and never have any luck!" make a tour of the hospitals lassooing and all that. And as for 'All to spread cheer and comfort Quiet'—my dear, in this modern day of among the patients. She was the talkies, how antiquated!" Mrs. Nuleigh was worried. accompanied by a dozen or so reporters It was after midnight, and and photographers who had happened to Joe hadn't come home. She show up at the time. Of course, her press An A.E.F. veteran of the big parade telephoned in rapid succes- agent had nothing to do with it. Before had just concluded telling his young son sion to Smith, Jones and one bed, occupied by the victim of an au- of His Great Exploit in the war. It hap- Brown. "Wait a few minutes," each tomobile smash, she paused daintily: pened by coincidence to be the 365th tale one answered, "and I'll be around to ex- "I'm Cissie de Missie," she announced, of the current year of his deeds. plain." "of the movies. Did you ever hear of "I guess that's practically all I did," he Then they did a little rapid telephoning me?" admitted, at the end of the story. themselves. At the conclusion they pre- "Ma'am," replied the chivalrous med- "Gee, dad, that's great," the child said sented themselves before Mrs. Nuleigh 's ical case, "I was dreaming of you when admiringly. "Say, they must have been window simultaneously. the accident happened. That's why I pretty dumb back here not to let the "It's O.K.," they said as one man. crashed." other two million soldiers stay home and "Joe is at my house talking over a little "Oh, you lucky little devil!" give until it hurt." business matter."

DECEMBER. 1930 35 K E E P I N G STEP

y/^^NCE a week or once a month is ing with the spirit of our Big Moment m \j J not too often for Legionnaires Night. Incidentally, good war stories get | M to fight the war over again. better with the years. Old Father Time's V_^^ Every post meeting night sees grindstone is a powerful instrument for the outfit sitting around what hap- sharpening soldiers' recollections of pens to be its hearthfire—it may big or little moments of 1018." be a pile of blazing logs, a redhot stove or simply a prosaic radiator Air Pioneers —while the talk is of the chow at Camp Sherman, the you-can't- IN 520 American towns and cities stand-there-soldier days on the Le- American Legion posts have viathan, the boxcars that bounced built airports or have sponsored from Brest to Bar-le-Duc and the public bond issues for these ports. rough going of the Argonne. This is one of many interesting Alonzo Cudworth Post of Mil- facts revealed by replies to ques- waukee, Wisconsin, has been fight- tionnaires mailed by National Head- ing the war over informally about quarters to all posts. The answers as long as any post, according to showed also that 3.2S0 posts paint- Post Adjutant Joe Hrdlick, who ed the names of their towns on adds that the post recently decided building tops or other landmarks that fighting the war over has be- for the guidance of aviators and come too loose a pastime—that, 327 posts erected air beacons. Four like football and pinochle, it ought hundred and twenty posts held to be standardized and subjected model aircraft competitions for to rules and regulations. Nobody boys, 107 reported using aircraft volunteered to write a Hoyle to to travel to conventions or on other govern the telling of the story of journeys and 235 said they had how the boys fit-and-bled at St. brought air mail and passenger Mihiel, and nobody suggested that service to their communities. the raconteurs be protected from the spectators by ropes, as are Unknown Soldiers prizefighters. But the post did de- cide to make it easy for everybody IN THE public burial grounds of to tell his own best story of the war. many communities are name- It announced it would hold early less graves of World War veterans this winter a Big Moment Night whose proper resting places are our and that every post member would national military cemeteries or the be called upon to get up and tell the Before the Boston parade, Robert E. Bentley burial plots of their families. This story of his is Allen Dins- own big moment. Post proclaimed its own drum corps leader, May the reminder of V. more, Vice of C. C. N. Cooper, the only woman drum major in the Commander Thomas Navy Post of San Fran- Idea Not Copyrighted Legion. Now, who were the others who marched cisco, inspired by the fact that his at Boston during the nine-hour review? ALONZO CUDWORTH Post's post in recent years has kept bodies

• Big Moment Night will have of several veterans from going to been held by the time this is read, but the Step Keeper is passing nameless graves by forwarding fingerprints of unidentified dead the idea along now, without waiting to learn how it worked, to the Bureau of Identification at Washington, D. C. If posts because December would be a fine month for any other post to everywhere were to watch reports from coroners' offices, Mr. hold a Big Moment Night. Dinsmore suggests, they could learn the names and places of Adjutant Hrdlick says his outfit at first had hoped to have address of many service men dying unidentified. Newton D. Baker, wartime Secretary of War, as guest of honor. "The Government has fingerprints of all who served in the Mr. Hrdlick had forwarded to Mr. Baker a copy of the Big Army or Navy after ion or 1912," writes Mr. Dinsmore. "Vet- Moment contribution he entered in the Monthly's contest—his erans Bureau offices will forward fingerprints to Washington. own experience "of dumping Mr. Baker in the mud at Camp Police departments will have the fingerprints made. In many Pontanezan at Brest." Mr. Baker replied: "I very well remem- cases men dying unidentified are suffering from mental disorders ber our collision at Brest, or at least I remember a collision there and identification enables not only appropriate burial but also which amused me at the time and, I am happy to know, did not the obtaining of governmental aid for dependents." embarrass you. The duckboards were very narrow and in the vast confusion of that muddy sea I thought it delightful that I Another A. E. F. should have the same kind of experience everybody else had in spite of the stern protective influence of my military escort. I WENTY thousand Americans went to Paris with the Second shall hope some day that we can meet again. Both of us are T A. E. F. in 1927—a historic pilgrimage. History will also older now but doubtless both of us cherish with increasing affec- record that in 1030 five hundred other Americans took part in tion the memory of those great days." a pilgrimage to Athens, the ancient capital of Greece, under the "I like that last sentiment," adds Mr. Hrdlick. "It's right inkeep- auspices of a single post of The American Legion. George Dil-

36 Thc AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Three hundred Legionnaires of Greek birth or descent took part in a pilgrimage to Athens this autumn under the auspices of George Dilboy Post, of New York City. Here are shown the pilgrims about to deliver to Greek mountaineer troops forty-eight American flags expressive of the good will of the forty-eight States. The ceremony took place in Athens' marble stadium which seats 70.000

boy Post of New York City, named for an American hero of the for the future. Legion buglers can sound calls at the opening of World War who was born in Greece, conducted the 1030 pilgrim- the polls and perhaps an hour before closing. To awaken the con age as a feature of the 100th anniversary of Greek independence sciences of indifferent voters, buglers could be transported in being celebrated this year and to add interest to the laying of the automobiles over assigned territories until the whole city has been cornerstone of The American Legion Building in Athens which is covered. I believe that the Legion can co-operate with Boy Scout being erected by Athens Post with American help troops very effectively in this plan." One of the big moments of the Athe Crae's letter is a reminder of the fact age, according to N. J. Cassavetes, C get-out-the-vote efforts of American mander of Dilboy Post, was the presen gion posts in 1028 contributed to the tation of forty-eight American flags by- record-breaking number of ballots cast Legionnaire flagbearers to a company in the presidential election of that of Evzones, Greek mountaineer year. In many communities posts troops who wear a picturesque conducted contests among school kilted uniform. This ceremony children and awarded prizes to was held in Athens' marble sta- those who induced most voters dium which seats 70,000 spec- to go to the polls. tators. The name of each State was called loudly and as each Home Cooking name was called a Legionnaire of that State stepped forward N OKLAHOMA it is never and presented a flag to one of I so hot or cold that Edwin the Evzones. K. White Post of Okmulgee The new American Legion doesn't have its regular weekly building in Athens is rising on luncheon in the post's club- a lot donated by the Greek Gov- house. Past Post Commander ernment, adjoining the palace of B. W. Parks explains why and the President of the Greek Repub- hands out some information that lic. The dedication ceremonies were ought to make other idea-hunting attended by prominent officials of the posts take notes. Greek Government, including cabint "Our luncheons started in the dining officers, and many notable citizen room of our leading hotel," writes Mr. Parks. "Unfortunately it was hard to Bugle Calls of Citizenship provide the right kind of a lunch at a Schools at La Mesa, California, couldn't low price to insure a big attendance. American Legion is the organi- Then we hit upon our plan. We entered THE provide seats for all boys and girls, so La zation best qualified to induce citi- into an arrangement with the post's Mesa Post donated its clubhouse as a zens to vote at all public elections, con- Auxiliary unit. The unit agreed to fur- temporary school building tends Miss Lee McCrae of Pasadena, nish the luncheons at fifty cents a plate California, who first proposed two years and to serve them in the clubhouse at ago that Legion posts station buglers at all polling places to sound the end of the post's regular business meeting on Wednesday the fall-in call of duty and good citizenship. nights. We started this arrangement five years ago. It has worked "Many Legion posts have adopted this idea," writes Miss Mc- famously. Visitors to our luncheons have come from every

Crae, "and Boy Scouts everywhere have taken it up. I think State. They have commented on the unusual quality of the that we should focus attention on it again so that posts can plan chow." Right Guide

DECEMBER, 1930 37 After the transport Tuscania was torpedoed on May 5, 1918, the bodies of almost two hundred American soldiers were washed up on the island of lslay, Scotland. The picture shows some survivors who, with the few residents of the island, attended the burial service at Port Ellen

yfROMT three weeks before the Company Clerk was "Legionnaire Leo V. Zimmermann of 5t>7-55th Street, Mil- / § placed on detached service to do his stuff at the Le- waukee, Wisconsin, who in 192 1 organized the Tuscania Surviv- f% gion national convention in Boston, a cablegram ors Association which each year holds a memorial dinner and V—S from Alex M. Stewart of Glasgow, Scotland, was re- reunion in Milwaukee on February 5th, the anniversary of the ceived by him in which was announced the good tidings that disaster, received a letter from the German War Department Stewart would also be at the convention in an official capacity. stating that Commander Wilhelm Meyer was the commander of The regular members of the Then and Now Gang will probably not the submarine U-77 that torpedoed our ship. I also have a letter need an introduction to Stewart but for the newcomers we might from Commander Meyer who now lives in Saarbrucken, Germany. state that he is Commander of Scotland Post of the Legion and "At the last meeting in Milwaukee I met more than one hun- that he has made his bow in these columns several times. dred of the survivors, but unfortunately none of those in the We first learned to know Stewart when he sent us a picture of picture with me. I should like to hear from them." the memorial on the Mull of Oa, Isle of lslay, off the west coast of Scotland, which was erected in memory of the Americans lost NOW to get back to Alex Stewart. We met this American, who in the Tuscania and Otranto disasters during the war. The pic- is in business with his mother in Glasgow, and had a mighty ture used as an illustration for Then and Now in the October, fine visit with him in Boston. He was the only representative of 1929, Monthly brought Stewart many interesting letters and his Scotland Post at the convention. He told us that after scouring report appeared in the issue of May last. Some of his letters were the neighborhood of Glasgow, all but two eligible Americans had from survivors of the accidents or from relatives of men who lost been signed up as members of the post and those two would soon their lives. be on the rolls. The Department of Illinois of the Legion hon- One of the survivors of the Tuscania, George Volz, member of ored this newest foreign outpost by presenting an American flag Spokane (Washington) Post of the Legion, wrote in as a result of to Commander Stewart during the convention. Stewart's accounts and submitted several interesting photographs, Incidentally, Stewart reminded us that Archibald Cameron, the one of which is reproduced on this page. Part of his story follows: photographer of lslay who took all of the pictures of the surviv- "I was a passenger on the Tuscania when she was torpedoed by ors, burial services and subsequent memorial services, is still in a submarine off the coast of Scotland on February 5, 1918. The hopes of recovering a number of negatives which were loaned on life boat in which some of us put off from the sinking ship drifted August 2, 1920, to a former Lieutenant J. Paul Jones who was and finally crashed on the rocks of lslay. Two men in our boat then connected with the American Graves Registration Service were killed outright and the rest of us were cut up and finally with headquarters in Paris. All efforts to locate Mr. Jones have landed on the rocks. A lighthouse watcher found us and took us proved unavailing, so we hope that he or some of his friends may up to his home, an old-fashioned farmhouse with straw roof. read this and advise us what became of the negatives. "At the burial of those bodies which were recovered, of the While we are on the subject of recovering lost property, we 230 Americans lost, I was sergeant in charge of the funeral detail. want to give assurance to the several dozen Then and Nowers The burial was at Port Ellen, lslay, where were buried almost who have asked similar assistance of us that this service will be two hundred of our buddies who were drowned and whose bodies rendered as soon as the C. 0. can allot the Company Clerk more came ashore. As the picture shows, a number of Scotch civilians space for his bulletin board. That holds tn'e also for the file full were also present to honor the American dead. of interesting pictures and stories which ( Continued on page 63) 38 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly a

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SICK OF BLADE c The Qirl from the Rs rver > PROMISES (Continued from page q)

before the suite inscribed with the firm's It's all to save your brother who he says name. After all it might be a mistake to has done something quite irregular. He ?" confess her trouble; might only increase appears as a friend of the family—

her brother's danger . . . "Yes. And to be quite frank—he wants As she hesitated a quick step sounded me to marry him. You see— within and a shadow darkened the glass. "Oh. perfectly!" Peyton seemed vague- The door opened and Peyton, a brief-case ly amused. He glanced at his desk clock. under his arm, stood before her. • "Ten minutes till you must meet Mrs.

! "Beg pardon " He snatched off his hat Darley. After I get what I want from x and they stared at each other. — my friend Blake in New York I'll see Mr. "I wish to see you—professionally Saybrook—perhaps tonight. He knows she stammered, "but you — were leav- Blake and—luckily—Blake knows him! ing—?" Of course I'll not mention you. As to "I am quite at your service," he said your brother's sudden departure you can flinging the door open. explain that in your own way. If you "You must know my name after all," could look in tomorrow morning at your she said with a smile as she faced him convenience— across a flat-top desk in a book-lined On the homeward drive Helen ex- room. "I am Helen Osborne. I'm a guest plained to Mrs. Darley that after a long of the Darleys—not far from your place distance talk with Tom's physician in on the river. I'm to meet Mrs. Darley New York it seemed best for him to go in an hour, so my time is short. The dif- to a quiet place at once for treatment. ficulty, of which I gave you a hint yes- She told Tom and Mabel nothing of her terday, has to do with my brother, Tom interview with Peyton — only that she Osborne. I need advice—immediately." had heard Dr. Trumbull's place so highly "Please tell me everything I ought to recommended that she had decided on know," said Peyton. sending Tom there at once. She was surprised to find how succinct- After luncheon she avoided Saybrook ly and clearly she was able to tell the and excused herself to assist Mabel with story as she had got it from Saybrook. her packing. Darley said he would drive \Settd At the first mention of Saybrook Peyton with them to the station. Saybrook, bid- bent forward for an instant, his eyelids ding Tom and Mabel goodbye in the Jor narrowing, but he made no comment. porte cochere, was obviously mystified by Occasionally he scribbled a note. When Helen's absence during the morning and DOC DURHAM she had finished he asked several ques- the sudden announcement that Tom was tions, took up the receiver and put in a leaving. with his hollow ejrowidBlade long distance call for Blake and Stone, "That business must be settled to- attorneys, New York. night," he seized a moment to say to "Our New York correspondents," he Helen. "I can not carry the responsibil- AHEAD — if you must. Try every explained. "As I understand it Mr. Say- ity any longer. Helen, you don't know GO brook has asked you for fifty thousand how serious this is!" blessed razor and blade on the dollars to cover what he tells you was a "It may take me several days to get serious blunder brother's part. so cash," she replied evasively. It market. Then, when your head's in a on your much On this story you will give him nothing, struck her that Saybrook was relieved whirl, let Durham-Duplex blades restore nor promise him anything. Now, Miss that Tom was leaving. Osborne, I spoke to you yesterday about Five minutes before nine o'clock that your faith in humanity and give you some friends of mine in Northern Mich- night Peyton, at his desk in the offices of something to swear by, not at. igan. Near their place is a sanatorium Barker, Gaston and Peyton pondered conducted by a friend of theirs and mine telegrams. Altogether satisfactory; just Dr. Trumbull, who's had great success what he might have expected. Saybrook Durham-Duplex blades are better now — with shell-shock cases. There couldn't be must be in a desperate plight to attempt than ever. The latest output are a a better man for your brother's case. If anything so clumsy and so charged with you say so I'll arrange immediately for danger. revelation in long -lasting keenness. him to go up there." The door of the reception room closed "Yes! Of course Oh, that would be and the clerk appeared immediately to Their hollow-ground edges are the — wonderful!" announce Mr. Saybrook.

finest in over twenty years . . . and that's The New York call was delayed but in Peyton rose to meet him and they a moment Peyton was talking to Dr. shook hands. saying plenty! Trumbull at the sanatorium, explaining "Thank you for coming. Saybrook. that he was personally interested in a Thought we could talk better here than at Package of 5 Blades 50c or get a razor and one blade lor a quarter at your dealers or DURHAM- World War veteran — a case of shell- Mr. Darley 's. It's a matter of business DUPLEX RAZOR CO., Jersey City, New Jersey. shock; would he take him? The reply —of a confidential nature—that has wan- Canadian address 50 Pearl Street, Toronto. was evidently satisfactory. Peyton sum- dered into the office." moned a secretary and ordered a state- "I can't imagine any business that Name room reserved on the evening train for would follow me here." Saybrook said secretary would de- coldly. the cigars and cig- Address Massenequa. The He ignored liver the ticket to Miss Osborne at the arettes Peyton offered, and drew out his Present thiscoupon to your dealer or send to Durham-Duplex Razor Co. .Jersey City, N.J. station. own cigarette case from the pocket of his with 25c and get a "How kind and thoughtful you are!" dinner coat. genuine Durham-Du- she said, her eyes brimming. "I'll be as brief as possible," Peyton "Not at all! It's a lawyer's business began. "You're interested in the Scott- to provide ease of mind for his client! Newman Manufacturing Company—of- Now, to go back to Mr. Saybrook. He fices in New York; factory in Jersey THE RAZOR WITH THE BLADES has approached you in a friendly spirit? City. I believe you're vice-president and MEN SWEAR BY NOT AT

40 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly " —) 1

treasurer. Newman, the president, is a ""TOR capitalist who takes no active part in the ELl EVE IT or NOT business. The secretary of the company 'Qtfltef # is Thomas B. Osborne, who put in considerable money merely, we will say, to PROVES IT get actively into a business." "Your information is correct," said Saybrook. "You could have got the information from any commercial agency. If you have any just claim against t he- company it will be paid. I assure you we're solvent."

"Exactly. That's just why it seems remarkable that a company so sound should issue more stock when, judging from its own statements, it doesn't need the capital. You can see for yourself that that requires some explanation!'' Saybrook, his face white, his eyes blazing, was on his feet. "What's the meaning of this!" —he demanded hotly. "If you're trying "It means," said Peyton, resting his arms on the desk and speaking slowly, "that certain certificates are missing from the stock book of your company. The shares are dated in March—just before Newman, your president, left New York for a trip round the world. Osborne, as secretary, signed the certificates because, we will assume, you told him it wa necessary—a part of his secretarial routine. Or—perhaps—possibly—the signa- tures of both officers were forged—by some one?" "Have you got me here to insult me!

By God, I admire your impudence ! Who put you up to this? Whom do you represent in this quizzing?" "The State of New Jersey—possibly. It's against the law to issue additional stock in a corporation without authority of the share-holders; and there are other formalities. Such authority is not noted in the records of the company as to the missing certificates." Saybrook whipped out a handkerchief Old Gold voted Best and mopped his face. "I don't know what you've got to do with this but if the stockholders have been looking into the books in my ab- 6y Qi?er/djf keettezfc taste testers sence I suppose they've found certain shares missing. Tom Osborne, the secre- Bv Robert Ripley, Himself tary of the company, is responsible for selling that stock! I hadn't a thing to do

with it! I've been trying to straighten ' "Believe it or not . . . these men to- Believe it or not, the keenest judges of things out to save him! He's a sick man gether earn over yearly, taste the whole world hnoivs picked —frankly, not quite responsible at times. $250,000 I'm mighty fond of him and I'd be sorry on their sense of taste alone! OLD GOLD by 10 votes to 5 . . . if this were discovered. I made an exits nearest rival!" cuse to bring him here, hoping Darley, two to one over "They are expert coffee tasters . . . who owns a large share of stock in the world's Court taste company, would help me fix things up. the Supreme on This was a convenient place to meet his matters . . . and they have just put sister who is anxious to help him out of this mess. So there's the whole damned OLD GOLD through the toughest thing!" test any cigarette has ever faced! "I don't know Osborne — never saw him," said Peyton quietly. "Osborne sold ?" "At my request, they sampled each the stock, did he? He got the money— "Yes. Played the market, I suppose of the four leading cigarettes with the usual thing." names concealed. The clerk appeared and handed Pey- ton a telegram. Peyton scanned the mes- "I was impressed when OLD G O L D sage and thrust it at the bottom of the pile on his desk. won. I was stunned when I looked at "Now, Saybrook. before you commit the final score . . . their verdict. yourself further please glance at these reports from Blake ( Continued on page 42 NOT COUGH I N CARLOAD

DECEMBER, 1930 1 — " " ; "" " " " —

c The Qirl the R iyer from s

(Continued from page 41)

and Stone. Blake acted for us; you know kindly laying a hand on Saybrook's shoul- Bill Blake. Those letter sheets stuck in der. here and there are stenographic reports "I can't face Helen after this! I'll of my talks today with Blake as confirmed telephone the Darleys that I'm called to by wire. Take your time to it." New York and have got to take the mid- As Saybrook began to read Peyton night train. They can send my things to went into the library adjoining and with- the station. Maybe—when—you see Dar- out turning on the lights stared out over ley—you'll explain for me the roofs of the city. Away out yonder "Do it yourself," said Peyton, turning beyond the aura of the street lights lay his head as a door closed down the corri- the river—the river that always seemed dor. "Darley 's just come in—it's about rather an unimportant feature of the Tysinger Metals — he's a large stock- landscape until it brought that girl to his holder in these Western companies.

door . . . Don't be alarmed; he knows nothing of He was roused by a step behind him what we've been discussing." snapped on the lights and swung round to In a tailored, beige travelling gown confront Saybrook, who swayed a little with a small, close-fitting hat to match. and caught at the door frame. Miss Osborne seemed taller than at their "You always hated me, Peyton—you previous meetings when Peyton greeted and Blake," he began doggedly, "and now her the next morning. you've got me in a trap. How much does "Something has happened," she began Darley know?" anxiously. "Mr. Saybrook left for New "Nothing. And cut this stuff about my York last night. I hope that doesn't hating you. You took advantage of Os- mean— borne's broken health — ruined in the "Your brother has done nothing even war—and have tried to make him believe remotely improper," said Peyton, plac- —and with some success—that he had ing a chair for her. "The whole matter unlawfully issued certain shares in the was—let us call it —a mistake on Mr. Unable to deal Saybrook's part." UT if you must convince your- Scott-Newman Company. with him you're trying to blackmail his "It's all over—nothing can happen to B self, try some ordinary tobacco sister into paying you a large sum of Tom?" Her lips quivered, her eyes were in an old pipe. Note result in chalk money—telling her you were trying —to bright with tears. "I've— been afraid there on the bottom of your left shoe. save her brother! It's unbelievable might be something contemptible—damnable ! "No. And I had no such fear after Then try some ordinary tobacco "Has she—has Helen— ?" Saybrook Blake reminded me of your brother's in your favorite pipe. Note on other began chokingly. fine record in France—gallant and dis- shoe. Finally, try some Sir Walter "I'm only interested in protecting Os- tinguished at all points! He's just about borne," said Peyton tartly. "So let's have reaching Massenequa. If you go up Raleigh smoking tobacco in any good the truth. What did you do with that there— pipe. You won't have to note it any- stock?" "Oh, I'm going on the evening train! "I put it up with broker to pro- So I must hurry. And now, Mr. Peyton, where, for you 11 notice with the verv my — — tect my margins. I'd put everything I please tell me your fee first puff how much cooler and milder had into Tysinger Metals. I thought I Her tone, crisp and business-like, it is. stays It so, right down to the saw a chance to make a lot of money." bristled with connotations definitely fix- last puff in the bowl— rich, mellow "You forged the names of the officers ing their relationship as that of client and to the certificates? Osborne knew nothing lawyer. It had been in his mind that if and fragrant. Your regular tobacco- about it?" she offered to pay he would say there nist has Sir Walter, of course. Try a "No," Saybrook replied with a groan. was no charge, but he saw that it would tin — today. "Humph! You're still on the safe side be a mistake even to suggest such a of the market?" thing. The money didn't matter. What "Yes," Saybrook caught him up. "At mattered was that in paying a fee she the close today—I was still safe. There's would be making any further communi- to be a merger cation unnecessary—possibly ending their

"The rumors that Tysinger Metals is acquaintance ! Across the desk she seemed going to absorb its Western competitors a thousand miles away. It hadn't been are without foundation," said Peyton. so at all at his breakfast table! But she "Perhaps it's a breach of faith on my was waiting patiently for a reply to her part —our firm represents these compet- question and he must say something. ing companies—but we're about to ad- "Would you think five hundred dol- vise our clients against the merger. Ty- lars too much?" he asked. singer Metals will tumble when that "I should say it wasn't half enough news breaks. I advise you to shoot in a considering how much— was at stake! And selling order tonight, beat it back to New Mr. Blake's services York and grab that stock from your She drew from her leathern bag a check broker as quick as you can." book, filled in a blank, exchanged it for Saybrook got upon his feet bewilder- a receipted bill, picked up her gloves with edly. an air of finality. "Peyton," he began brokenly, "you're "Thank you again—for everything," the last man in the world I'd expect to she said with a bright smile; gave him help me! Back there in college—that her hand—and was gone. Meade boy—and that business with That evening Peyton sought the con- Compton in the mountains. My God! solation of the river, smoking many pipes What's wrong with me!" and gloomily contemplating the new

IT'S 15/ and milder "This won't do at all," said Peyton, moon . . . Her conduct had been per-

42 The AMERICAN" LEGION" Monthly — "

feet! What right had he to expect anything else! How could she know that he This Seal Selected was in love with her? He thought of marks each Bostonian following her to Massenequa but quickly rejected the idea. In the case of any < other girl—but that was the devil of it. She was Helen Osborne and no other girl Jor gentlemen who insist was ever like her! He waited three days and called up Dr. Trumbull who gave him encouraging upon smartness in footwear reports of Tom Osborne. A phobia of some sort had been troubling him and had caused a recrudescence of the shell- shock aftermath but Miss Osborne had Bostonians told him the cause of this had been eliminated. Good. There was every reason Seven Selected to believe the patient would gain rapidly. Yes; the Nortons were showing the Os- Styles bornes every attention. Miss Osborne was charming; quite unusual—beautiful devotion to her brother Selected! The ve ry word tells you to A letter from Alice Norton expressed expect distinguished style in these her delight in knowing Miss Osborne. seven smartest shoes of the season. The professor-orchardist's wife threw in a series of characteristically feminine Patterns that delight the masculine questions as to how and where Peyton eye. Styles that bring a note of had met her and how long had the affair newness to active feet. been going on—would he be up soon? This playfulness on his friend's part Chosen from over a hundred new didn't greatly cheer Peyton's lonely eve- patterns for their distinctive looks nings in the bungalow by the river. Helen Osborne had paid him in full and by and refreshing comfort. In all the

some code of her own had decided that seven, not one twin. Each style is

she would pass out of the picture . . . markedly individual—expressing the Peyton's spirits were at low ebb when test taste, the newest lines he went to New York to argue a case in of a par- the Federal Court. ticular type. "Look here, old man." said Blake. "I Let their don't like the look of you! Working too smart appearance and ex- hard or what's the trouble?" clusive style contribute to your good And Blake, had known him from who appearance — today! There's a Se- prep school days and on through college lected Bo stonian for taste, and law school lent a sympathetic ear to every Peyton's story. every age. AH modestly priced at "Snared at last!" Blake exclaimed. $7 to $10. "Dodging women all these years and here comes your fate, floating down the river Commonwealth Shoe

nothing to snap your fingers at ! Don't worry; she's not forgetting you." The UNIVERSITY /) Peyton went home and fell furiously SELECTED STYLE NO. 4 to work. In November Dr. Trumbull wrote that he had discharged Tom Os- borne and that he and his wife had gone to join Miss Osborne in Pasadena. BOSTONIANS A postscript in ( Continued on page 44) FINE FOOTWEAR FOR GENTLEMEN

DECEMBER, 1930 4.? ) —

The Qirl from the T^iyer

( Continued from page 43

one of Alice Norton's letters from Mas- his cottage ready for occupancy but to senequa piqued Peyton's curiosity and tell no one he was coming. He would sur-

increased his restlessness. prise the Nortons . . . "There's something I could tell you if A wind hurtling down from the Cana- I would," she wrote. "You know I've dian wilds assailed him as he left the never understood about you and Helen. sleeper at Massenequa Christmas morn- The day before she left here we were ing. He told the waiting caretaker that passing your gate and she said—but it he would walk to the Norton's for break

wouldn't be fair to tell you that ! If you're fast, and bent his head to the storm, re- really interested dash up and see us!" joicing in the tumult.

[ERE'S a hook (hut will help you with your Tantalizing, but not helpful. Barker. Reaching the house he plunged into the Contains wide reoord-korpine problems. Gaston and Peyton had never been so drifts that covered the path, tingling with variety of life-size Bookkeeping forms, completely (illed in, illustrating uses. For office busy as now and as Christmas approached anticipation as he visualized the Norton's business or profession — it shows or factory — Peyton was assailed by a need for rest welcome. They would tell him of Helen! you simplest, and most efficient methods of accounting now being used by 300.000 lead- and sympathy. With a little encourage- If they counseled it he would go to Pasa- ing firms. Book sent FREE when requested ment he would fly to Pasadena, but first dena . . . on business stationery. No obligation! he must see the Nortons. Alice was a He pried loose the frozen JOHN C. MOORE CORP., Eet. 1839 knocker and 6101 Stone Street, Rochester, N. Y. woman of understanding; wonderful rattled it furiously. And then woman! He wired the caretaker to make Helen Osborne opened the door. Merely Fill in Coupon and 140-page Book Will be Sent you FREE Name

Business _ for Qod and Qountry City Stale (Continued from page 31)

Congress was also urged to provide im- cine (Wisconsin) Post was second, and mediately the legislation necessary to Frankford Post of Philadelphia was Home-Study bring the naval establishment up to the third. Business Training strength provided by the London Treaty. Peoples' Gas Post of Chicago, Illinois, Unusual interest to the report of the won first prize in the convention prize Your opportunity will never be bigger than your convention's drill preparation. Prepare now and reap the rewards of committee on foreign rela- contest, and East Lynn (Massa- early success. Free 64-Page Books Tell How. Write tions was lent by the presence in the con- chusetts) Post was second in this compe- NOW for book you want, or mail coupon with your vention of the foreign tition. name, present position and address in margin today. representatives of Higher Accountancy Business Corres. Fidac who had come to Boston after at- Past National Commanders' member- Mod. Salesmanship Credit and Collection Traffic Management Correspondence tending Fidac's annual congress in Wash- ship trophies and the other silver cups Rail. Station Mfim't Modern Foremanshlp ington. The report recommended that were awarded as follows: Law : Degree of IX.B. Personnel Mgm't O Commercial Law Expert Bookkeeping The American Legion urge upon all other Hanford MacNider Trophy, awarded Industrial Mgm't C. P. A. Coaching Q Ban king and Finance Business English nations represented in Fidac the advisa- to the department having the highest Commercial Spanish Telegraphy bility of advocating in their own coun- percentage of members for the period of Business Mgm't Effective Speaking Railway Accounting Stenotypy— Stenog'y tries legislation of the same character as October 20th to December 31st, Depart- Paper Salesman's Training the universal service act which The Amer- ment of Arkansas. LaSalle Extension University, Dept. insi-R. Chicago ican Legion has sponsored in Congress. John G. Emery Trophy, awarded to Built for Comfort! It also recommended that a clear and the department having the highest per- Genuine black kid. Soft, comprehensive statement of the Legion's centage of members on January 31st, easy fitting, comfortable. Strongly built attitude toward war and national defense Department of Arkansas. for long wear. Placed- right Arch Support re- be prepared and published and that the Henry D. Lindsley Trophy, awarded lieves ailments, ends pain. Legion's standing committee on foreign to the department having the highest Snug-fitting heel ; foot-con- forming last. No wrinkled t relations be increased in size and be percentage of membership for the period linings during life of shoe. Pac. Coaat ^Features you've long .$5.50 charged with the responsibility of formu- January 1st to March 1st, Department .wanted at a price you owisright. Sizes5to lating the Legion's policy in connection of Arkansas. 5. Ask your dealer. M. T. SHAW with Fidac. North Carolina Trophy, awarded to D»pt. 1 The convention moved swiftly through the department not included among the its formal business sessions and heard States or the District of Columbia that with attention the many speakers who ad- has the highest percentage of members

dressed it. It found moments of relaxa- on March 31st, Department of Porto The American Legion Post No. 35 tion when it applauded the musical or- Rico. BROCKTON, MASS. ganizations which had won the national John R. Quinn Trophy, awarded to the convention trophies and the representa- department having the highest percent- tives of the departments which came age of membership on June 15th, De- forward to receive the membership tro- partment of Tennessee. phies which are awarded annually. Franklin D'Olier Trophy, awarded to Electric Post of Milwaukee, Wiscon- the department attaining the highest per- sin, once again won first prize in the centage of eligible service men. Depart- national band contests, an honor which ment of Arizona.

carries with it a $1,000 award and the James A. Drain Trophy, awarded to title of the Legion's official band for the department showing the most con- 193 1. Canton (Ohio) Post was second sistent service to the community, state One of the hundred Legion Corps completely and the band of the Indiana Department and nation. Department of California. equipped by Slingerland in the past year. was third. Milton Foreman Trophy for boys' Keep the good work up and equip with the new J. girls' work, awarded to the depart- wonderful guaranteed Slingerland Drums and Harvey W. Seeds Post of Miami. and Bugles. Florida, saw its white-uniformed drum ment which shall have done the most for Write for equipment catalog. and bugle corps win first place again and the boys and girls of America, Depart- Slingerland Drum & Banjo Company the $1,000 award that went with it. Ra- ment of Wisconsin. I 325 Belden Ave. Chicago, Ml.

44 The AMERICAN' LEGION Monthly )

National Service Trophy, awarded to the department excelling in welfare work for World War veterans. Department of Minnesota. Frederick W. Galbraith Trophy, for the department having present and par- ticipating in the convention parade members representing the greatest aggregate travel mileage, Department of California. Lemuel Bolles Trophy, for the championship band. Electric Post, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Russell G. Creviston Trophy, for the championship drum corps, Harvey Seeds Post, Miami. Plorida. Twenty-four posts representing seventeen departments were honored by the convention by admittance to the Four Hundred Percent Club, each of them having enrolled during 1930 four hundred percent or more of their membership in the preceding year. The honored posts were: Lee Bunch Post of Arkansas;

Louis B. Hazelton Post of Arizona ; Gar- field Post of Colorado; Edgar A. Law- rence Highway Post, Paul Schmidt Post, Chicago Union Labor Post, Schuyler Post, Pope County Post and Troy Post 708, all of Illinois; Harry L. Anderson Post and Dunlap Post of Iowa; Patrol- Their words have wings man Timothy Lynch Post of Louisi- ana; Harry W. Kunzie Post of Michigan; as swift as light Clem P. Dickinson Post and Bucholtz-

Kiefer Post of Missouri ; Argonne Post of Advertisement the American Telephone and Telegraph Company Nebraska; Bryan Mudgett Post of New An of Mexico; Frederick Staats Post of New York; Pickens County Post of North We live and work as no other people wherein a man in Los Angeles may Carolina; National Sanatorium Post of have ever done. Our activities are talk with another in Baltimore or a Tennessee; West Post of Texas; F. E. pitched to the swiftness of the friend in Europe as readily as with Petersen Post of Utah; C. J. Newland instantaneous age. his neighbor. Post of Washington and Green River Whatever happens, wherever it It is the work of the Bell Telephone Post of Wyoming. happens and however it may affect System to enable friends, families and you, you may know it immediately business associates to speak clearly BEFORE the Legion's convention was over the wires or the channels of the and immediately with one another, well under way, La Societe des 40 air that carry men's words with the wherever they be. Its service is Hommes et 8 Chevaux, its honor and may fun-making society, had finished its busi- speed of light. Business and social as helpful and accessible on a village ness sessions and had run off its colorful life are free from the restrictions of street as in the largest cities. night-time parade that furnished a new time and distance— for practically To match the growing sweep and note in parade spectacles to the thou- any one, anywhere, may at any time complexity of life in this country, sands lining downtown Boston streets speak with any one, anywhere else. to prepare the way for new accom- through which the procession rumbled. The widespread and co-ordinated plishments, the Bell System is con- Retiring Chef de Chemin de Fer E. Snap- interests of the nation depend upon stantly adding to its equipment and per Ingram reported a membership ot an intercourse that less than sixty bettering its service. To this end, its 40,000 for 1930, with $18,000 contributed years ago was not possible in a single construction program for 1930 has to the Legion's National Child Welfare is the task of the been the largest in its history. This Committee in the previous year. A real community. This French boxcar that had been used in the telephone wires and cables of System at all times accepts its war and given to the 40 and 8 by the the Bell Telephone System — responsibility to forward the French government was presented by to make a single community development and well-being Sedley Peck of Paris and will be placed of our vast, busy continent of the nation. in the War Memorial Building in Indi- anapolis. The dinner of the 40 and 8 and its sister organization, the 8 and 40, was attended by 1,200 people. According to custom there were no speeches. The Grande Voiture of Massachusetts won the Voiture Nationale Trophy for having secured the most new members *J±'<4 for the Legion, a total of 1.476. Voy- ageur R. M. Doherty of Joliet, Illinois, with 225 new Legion members won the national organization's individual membership trophy. For the fourth time the Charles A. Mills Trophy for greatest 10 large loan firms combined (world's oldest, largest association of Its kind- rated over $1,000,000. 00) service loans money on diamonds. A few such loans not repaid. Diamonds originally sold by outatandln; to the Legion went to Voiture jewelers Of course we can loan but a fraction of real values. You get the advantage in Unpaid Loans at cas Unpaid prices you can try to match at full 60% more. Every liberal privilege.— Examination free— No obligation to boy. Loans 220, Chicago. The Pelham St. George d Free List of Unpaid Loan Diamond Bargains Bissell Trophy went to the Grande Voi- & ISZ^oT^ for any quality, any size. Written guaranteed amounts you can borrow (like Insurance Policy r free examination offers. You don't risk a penny. century WO ture of Kentucky ( Continued on page loan guarantee). Get full details of % 46 old house (references: Bank of P(fh.. Union Trust Co., 3rd Nat'l Bank). Lists limited—send now. per Carat For free list write today tojoa. DeRoy&Sons, Opp.P.0. 8799 DeRoyBldg., Pittsburgh, Po.

DECEMBER, 1930 45 1 )

Yes! It's a new pTry any outfit— RADIO! 30 days BEFORE Ju)r Qod and Qountry Free YOU BUY ( Continued from page 45 Factory to you for having secured the largest number of O. Sheppard, Edgefield, South Carolina; SAVE to 50 new Legion members on a percentage C. Norman Cole, Richmond, Virginia; SUPERScreenGrid basis of its voyageur membership as of Melvin D. Long, Rutherford, New Jer- Push - Pull Latest September 1st of the previous year. sey; Carl R. Moser, Portland, Oregon; Electric Radios Charles E. Perry of Kittery Point, William D. Lyons, Minneapolis, Minne- Enjoy a powerful new 1931 Maine, was elected Chef de Chemin de sota; Commissaire Intendant National, Miraco outfit for 30 days —at our risk. No obliga- Fer for 1931. Mr. Perry, who served in N. Carl Nielsen, Gig Harbor, Washing- tion to buy. Get Send-No- Money, Amazing Special the Navy during the war as a chief phar- ton; Correspondant National, C. W. Factory-to-You Offer macist, has been active in the 40 and 8 Ardery, Indianapolis, Indiana; Avocat 11th Successful Year since its beginning, serving as Chef of National, Charles T. Flynn, Fitchburg, his local voiture in 1924 and rising to Massachusetts; Conducteur National. Sous Chef de Chemin de Fer of the George W. Lawrence, Columbus, Ohio; Compare with Costliest Sets! national organization in 1929. Historien, Paul J. McGahan, Washington, America'abig.old, reliableRadio Chefs the Facto ryspringsits 1 1th anniver- As Sous 40 and 8 chose C. D. C; Aumonier, Rev. Fr. N. J. Wolo-

sary sensations ! Latest SUPER Screen Grid, perfected Elmer Taylor, Chicago, Illinois; James shuk, Jr., Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Push-Pull, SuperDynamic Electric AC sets of finest construction withcostli est features — Varitone and automatic sensitivity control and no hum— at abounding low factory prices. Clever new cabinets-big variety—exclusive designs. Com- The Debt pare with costliest radios—un- of Service ___ 100S deltghte<1 with Mira*9 sharp selectivity. RICHER. CLEARER TONE and DISTANCE-GETTING, don't buy! ( Continued page Delighted thousands report programs from 33) from Coast to Coast with tone and power of expensive outfits. Full year's guar- anty. Play safe, insure satisfaction, save the Poppy Committee, of which Mrs. M. abled during the War was requested in lota of money — deal direct with big. old factory—pioneers in fine set making— 11th E. Amundsen of Minnesota chair- the report of the Legislative successful year. Write and be convinced! was Committee. man, endorsed the suggestion that the Mrs. C. V. Parkhurst of York, Send postal or coupon. New USER - AGENTS! 9 opportunity to make poppies be offered Chairman, presented action of her Amazing 'Send No Money Exclusive Territory the Offer. No Obligation. Big Money. No Risk. to the wives and children of such vet- committee in urging that a separate gov- erans MIDWEST RADIO CORPORATION whose disability prevents them ernment hospital for these women be 1 Pioneer Builders of Sets- 1 1th Year from doing the work. erected. f<%t00 864-CD Miraco Dept. , Cincinnati, Ohio y 4v4y- Send Amazing Special Factory Offer. Unusual success in child welfare and The States Dinner, which always marks Interested in Agents' Proposition its important complement, the education the climax of the social side of the Auxil- of war orphans, was lauded. Progress was iary's national meetings, was held in reported by Mrs. Dorothy Harper of the Symphony Hall, suddenly transformed District of Columbia, Chairman of the from a convention hall into a beautifully ACCOUNTING Education of War Orphans Committee, arranged banquet hall. Each of the fifty- in the efforts made by the Legion and the one department delegations had its own The iVew Revised Course Auxiliary to obtain state aid in this work. table, appropriately decorated to repre- =| ACCOUNTANT Thousands of ambitious men are earning more money today because Ten States have passed laws appropriat- sent its State—thus Iowa used its well 1 Who he is they know Accounting. Send for ing money for the education of orphans known corn as the principal motif; on What he does new booklet, "The Accountant," and large numbers of scholarships have the Kentucky table was a small race How to and first lesson of new revised become one Course. Both sent free. In reply also been made available. Continued ef- track; Hawaii presented dolls dressed as please state age and position. forts will early in 1 the hula hula dancers. — be made 193 when International Accountants Society,Inc. majority of the State Legislatures will be The list of distinguished guests of Mrs. A Division of the in session. Macrae, who presided, and of the con- ALEXANDER HAMILTON INSTITUTE International understanding and good vention was more or less a condensed Dept. 162 341 1 So. Michigan Ave., Chicago. III. will had been furthered, according to who's who of the Allied world. It in- the report of Mrs. Joseph H. Thompson cluded Lieutenant Colonel and Mrs. Fred of Pennsylvania, Chairman of the Fidac W. Abbot of Great Britain, Signor Gi- ft & Price Committee, through an increased inter- cinni Baccarini, representing the Italian est among the units throughout the coun- veterans. Admiral William Benson, Ma- « . Save over 72 "Rock Bottom try in the of France, Price oa all standard office program and work of Fidac and dame Maurice Bremard Na- modela—Underwood, Reming- ton. Royal, etc. — Easiest terms ever of- its Auxiliary. Mrs. Irene Mclntyre Wal- tional Commander 0. L. Bodenhamer, fered. Also Portables at reduced prices. SEND NO MONEY bridge of New Hampshire, Vice President and all the Past National Commanders All late models completely refinished like brand new. Fully Guarantied. of Fidac Auxiliary, gave an account of of the Legion who attended the conven- Sent on 10 days' trial. Send No Money. Kig Free Catalog shows actu- the congress of Fidac and the Auxiliary tions in Boston. General Henri Gouraud, al machines in full colon*. Greatest bargains ever offered. Send at once 1 which was held in Washington, D. C, in Mayor James M. Curley of Boston, Lady W n s International Typewriter ; Exch., §2Jt 2?? ch,« to September. Edward Spencer-Churchill, chairman of The Auxiliary has always taken a the women's section of the British Legion, Jearntobea foremost interest in national defense, Secretary of War Patrick J. Hurley, Mrs. and with the co-sponsorship of the Daugh- Edith Nourse Rogers, Massachusetts LANDSCAPE ters of the American Revolution has held Congresswoman, and Past National Com- five Women's Patriotic Conferences on mander Hanford MacNider, United States CHITECT National Defense, in which two score Minister to Canada, were also among the At Home— By women's organizations have participated. honored guests. In addition there were Mail Mrs. Bessie Stuart Smith of Illinois, Madame Julie Mazaraki of Poland, Chairman of the National Defense Com- President of the Fidac Auxiliary, Dr. Vir- Rik fees; pleasant health- ful work; a diKiiilled, un- mittee, presented its report in which was gil Serdaru of Roumania and other repre- iwded profession offer- contained the recommendation that the sentatives of the various Allied countries is remarkable opportunities, nmedlate Income possible, efforts of the Auxiliary be continued in whose veterans and women are members ny students more than pay course from fees earned combating the activities of misguided of Fidac or of its Auxiliary.

• studying' Graduates are nK $50 to $200 a week. The women and students who support the An interesting feature of the dinner step toward success is to couple today for details. tenets of radical-pacifists. was a processional in which one AMERICAN LANDSCAPE SCHOOL Especial recognition of the women dis- from each State, garbed in the costumes mber National Home Study Council Plymouth Bide., Des Moines, la. The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly Real Christmas Gifts of the year in which the State was admit- bands. The Music Committee, while im- ted to the Union, participated. Before pressed with the growth of musical or- for the Kids! the addresses by national officers and ganizations, urged even greater attention guests, the President of each Auxiliary to musical activities in its report read to Department gave a one-minute toast. the convention by Mrs. Archie Booker Prizes were awarded to the depart- of West Virginia, Chairman. Great Bargain ments whose table decorations were the Both the Minnesota Glee Club of most original in idea, the most artistic Minneapolis and the Iowa Quartette of Five [?] Flying AirpBanes for $2.00 That and the most typical, Texas, Utah and Iowa Falls successfully defended their Perform Like the Real Thing! Not construction seta btit nearly assembled Planea. Iowa being the respective winners, with titles as national champions. The Crown Guaranteed to Fly. 1) LONE EAGLE BOMBER — 'J8 inch wood frame paper cov- Jersey, California, Nebraska, Ken- Point, Indiana, Glee Club, one-half point ered Wing; 7 in. alum. Prop. lk-r; 17 in. net Rubber Motora; New . takes off ground: WH ft. flights; wetj i y^oz. 2) LONE EAGLE SCOUT-- 20 in. non-breakable Winj?:5^in. tucky and Washington receiving honor- behind the winners, received honorable Blum. Propeller: Flexible Landing

715 N. Main Street St. Louis, Mo., U.S.A.

DECEMBER, 1930 17 DIAMONDS WATCHES CASHorCREDIT The "Debt Service SEND FOR of CATALOG (Continued from page 47) 2000 Illustrations adopts and carries to completion the best Gilmore of Tennessee; Central Divi- How to Order general program of activities. Two addi- sion. Mrs. Gail T. Dudgeon of West Vir- State article de- tional membership trophies ginia; Northwestern sired — name of and an annual Division, Mrs. A. C. employer— kind trophy for the department accomplishing Carlson of Minnesota, and Western Di- of work you do — the best Americanism vision, E. how long in position work were author- Mrs. E. Laubaugh of Idaho. —age — married —where ized. The Department of Georgia won the Mrs. Minerva Olson of Michigan was live — how long there. EVERY- THING IS CONFIDENTIAL. National Historical Trophy, and in the elected National Chaplain and Mrs. Dessa Send first payment, OR goods sent Auxiliary national legislative contest, E. McKay of the Canal Zone, National for your FREE Examination on request. Wear while you pay. South Carolina won, with South Dakota, Historian. Mrs. Robert Walbridge of Minnesota and Connecticut in second, New Hampshire received the honor of third and fourth places, respectively. being re-elected, without oposition, as The Sunflower State was signally hon- the American Vice President of the Fidac ored by both the Auxiliary and the Le- Auxiliary. gion in the selection of national heads of At the meeting of the National Execu- the two organizations. Although Mrs. tive Committee, immediately following Robert L. Hoyal was nominated for the the adjournment of the convention, the office of National President by the De- new National President, Mrs. Hoyal, an-

Elite Wedding Rings, solid partment of Arizona, where she has re- nounced the reappointment of Mrs. Dlatjnurr,. only S19.50. In solid 18-kwhfte gold. $5.00 sided for a number of years, she is a Gwendolyn Wiggin MacDowell of Iowa or with3 Diamonds.* 18.75. raised figured dial native of Kansas and received her edu- as National Secretary, and Mrs. Cecilia r References: Anv Bank $2.50 Down. $2.50 a Month cation in the State which produced also Wenz as National Treasurer. The Com- Now! the new Legion National Commander. mittee confirmed her recommendations. THE OLD RELIABLE ORIG- INAL CREDIT JEWELERS Ralph T. O'Neil. Mrs. Hoyal was elected The annual Marche Nationale of the Dept. G-36 108 North State Street. Chicago. III. by a comfortable majority over the op- Eight and Forty was held in the evening Stores in Leading CitiM BR0S.&C0..isS posing candidate, Mrs. Ruth McCurry of October ninth, when remarkable prog- Brown of Arkansas. ress in the development of the fun so- In accordance with the provisions of ciety of the Auxiliary was reported. The AGENTS: $14 A DAY the Auxiliary Constitution and By-laws, session was followed by an initiation Get into the big money class! Amazing chance to make $14 the National Vice Presidents were select- ceremony. On the following night a joint in a day. Wonderful new plan. ed in caucuses of the five divisions of banquet with the Forty and Eight was 350 High Quality Products at low prices. Every one a house- the national organization and presenta- held. Mrs. Ethel Murphy of New York hold necessity. All fast sellers. tion of their names to the convention was succeeded Mrs. Carrol Marks of Cali- Big orders in every home. Re- peat business. Steady income. equivalent to election. They are: East- fornia as Le Chapeau Nationale. while New Plan— Big Profits ern Division, Mrs. R. S. Heaton of New Mrs. Dorothy E. Hartung of California We show you new way to builc Jersey; Southern Division, Mrs. John G. was re-elected as La Secretaire Nationale. permanent business. Bin pro its from the start. Spare or full time. No capital or experience required. Ford Tudor Sedan free to producers as extra reward. Write now. Way Dozwi East AMERICAN PRODUCTS • 170 Monmouth Ave., CI (Continued from page 25) ^ LEGION ENTERTAINMENTS PLAYS, NOVELTIES, MINSTRELS bend with a company of Army nurses in Columbia was next ; then Alaska with a SKITS, PIANOLOGl'ES, the van. Illinois came a thousand miles lariat performer and West Virginia with STUNTS, MONOLOGUES, and had more than a thousand people in a comely Pocahontas carrying chrysan- MINSTRELS, HEADINGS, VAUDEVILLE, FAUCES, a line enlivened by bands, drum corps themums. ATTRACTIONS. PLAYS. drill teams until one might "Connecticut to Defense of Send for FREE CATALOGS and have Came the IVAN BLOOM HARDIN CO. thought this convention was taking place Boston in 1775," read a banner that pre- 3806 Cottage Grove Ave.. OES MOINES. IA. in Chicago. Down in Mississippi it was ceded the Governor's Footguard Band of cotton picking time and the delegates New Haven in Continental uniform. As one of the oldest patent firms in Amer- tossed out cotton bolls as souvenirs—all "Connecticut Returns in 1930" read an- ica we give inventors PATENTS but a beautiful girl who blew kisses to the other banner, which is also a statement of at lowest consistent charge, a service noted for results, evidenced by folks. fact, there being not much difference in many well known Patents of extraordinary value. Tennessee, with the world's largest size between the respective expeditionary Boole. l'atent-Sense. free. post at Memphis; Minnesota, with its forces. Pennsylvania flashed into view Lacey Lacey, 635 F St., N.W. Dept. 8 & Auxiliary glee club from Minneapolis in behind massed flags and the stunning Wash., D.C. Estab. 1869 its lovely salmon-colored costumes and band from York in orange cadet coats, Numerous Legionnaire References each marcher carrying a fishing pole; white breeches and yellow shakos. Helen South Carolina behind the Spartanburg Fairchild Nurses Post of Philadelphia PHOTO Band; Arkansas, whose Blue Bird Chorus drew a generous hand. Pennsylvania had and Smile Girls Band have lost none of a long line of marchers with much music their charm; Louisiana, with Mayor T. and many stunts.

Size 16*20 inches Semmes Walmsley of N'Awlins—and the It was getting along in the afternoon Same price for full length or bust fo: State of Maine in large numbers. Never, and most of the hot dog vendors had re- groups, landscapes, pet animals, etc., or in fact, so many State o' Mainers seen tired to live on the income from their enlargements of a part of group pi 98 of Piscaiaqua River. newly acquired fortunes when Elyria, ture. Safe return of your own before south the SENDoriginal photoNO guaranteed.MONEY Legionnaire Governor W. Tudor Gard- Ohio, blotted out everything else. Piloted J ust mail photo or snapshot, any iner procession Legionnaire by Cream Puff, a cream colored horse ri.-i ithif led the and b your beautiful life-like with gold saddle, the drum corps in its cnlarKemr-n t size 1 OxlIOin .guar- Rudy Vallee, wearing the official Maine a ontccj fadeless. Pay poet. nan 9Hr plus postage or send $ 1 .00 white jersey with a green pine tree sten- white claw-hammer coats of West Point with order and we pay pontage. led by drum major Bill Hruby, just Special Free Offer S cilled on the front, led the band from cut, enlargementwe will send Fkkb cane. about stopped the show. In the contests of a hand-tinted miniature repro- Auburn with a yellow Comrade duction of photo sent. Take advantage now of this amazing Vallee had been initiated in the 40 and 8 the following day Bill was voted the most offer . -send your photo today, _ UNITED PORTRAIT COMPANY a few evenings before. The District of dexterous baton juggler at the conven- 900 Weal Lake Street, Dept. W-330 Chicago, III 48 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly —

tion, a decision concurred in by all who relied upon Massachusetts to provide a saw the parade. Ohio did things in the parade as it relied upon her to provide grand manner. Another smashing hit was everything else at this convention, there the musical outfit of the celebrated Bent- would still have been a parade to write ley Post of Cincinnati which established home about. Fifteen thousand strong, in the interesting scientific fact that you ten divisions, with a hundred bands, for can listen to one thing and look at an- three solid hours Massachusetts passed other, meaning in this case May Cooper, in review. who led that band. A cheer that almost rocked the pave- "East Side, West Side"—New York ments rolled in front of the massed flags, had a parade of its own, and the onlook- surely two hundred in number, that led ers from high windows having exhausted the line. It was a stimulating sight. Then the confetti supply began tearing up tele- came a post of wartime nurses headed phone books to make paper snowstorms. by the proudest little girl in the world. Oneida's band with mounted outriders; Her long dark hair curled down her back a wide-awake Rip Van Winkle from and she wore the regulation uniform, as Kingston passing out souvenirs; the Al- maybe her mother had done some five or WHAT a bany band in Scottish kilts, the Cohoes six years before she was born. band with a kid leader, the Utica drill Massachusetts' offering was sprinkled CHRISTMAS Present! team of the Auxiliary, the girls from with floats, stunts and features. The post and only $"7.50 complete Gloversville, the Buffalo drum corps with from Ware had a funny tableau built f with all playing equipment three (3) drum majors, and how! around a real wartime rolling kitchen. Montana followed the lead of a lone The Bessie Edwards Cadets, named for A Brunswick Junior Playmate Pocket Bil- cowboy, aged six. Texas next and then the daughter of the Twenty-Sixth Divi- liard Table, is the best Christmas invest-

Alabam'. After Utah came New Jersey, sion commander who died in service, won ment you can make . . . Sturdily con- a law-abiding commonwealth which let a storm of applause and the remaining structed of quality materials, built to so many of its policemen off to attend the few pages from the telephone directories. endure.beautifullyfinishedin mahogany, convention. On they came—Kentucky; Somerville presented characters of Amer- and priced at $7.50, $13.50, $18.50, Virginia in step with its State champion ican history in costume from Columbus $37.50, $60.00 and $100.00 (Prices drummers and buglers from Newport to Teddy Roosevelt at San Juan Hill. slightly higher West of Denver and in News and the prettiest girl you ever did Wakefield portrayed the evolution of The Canada)complete with all playingequip- see carrying the banner; Delaware with American Legion, which came mighty ment. For sale at leading department, its colorful Blue Hen's Chickens drum close to being the banner feature of the sporting corps; a crop of peaches from Georgia. whole parade. You saw green civilians hardware and goods stores ev- Rhode Island followed in the wake of a report at training camp, the awkward erywhere.Mailthe coupon belowforillus- big red hen with a lot of features in squad, the farewell to America, the trip tratedcatalog andcomplete information. which the ladies took the heavy end of across, the trenches, battle, the victorious THE BRUNSWICK-BALKE-COLLENDER the honors. There was a girls' drill team march back with German prisoners. It CO. Dept. B3 and the drum and bugle aggregation was a superb piece of work and the sort 623-633 So. Wabash Ave., Chicago, III. from Auburn dressed in red was drum- of thing there should be more of in Please send me without obligation your majored by a statuesque blonde in white, Legion parades in the future. free booklet, the "Home Magnet", also carried flowers Mrs. Lillian Gustafson, who This observer's vote for the most strik- your easy payment plan on Brunswick Home as well as her baton. ing float he has seen under Legion aus- Billiard Tables, and name of nearest dealer. As Missouri and Maryland, bearing pices anywhere or any time goes to Beck- Name aloft its feudal-looking State flag, marched with Post of Medford. It represented Street past, the gold hands of the clock in the Flanders Field with the white crosses graceful brick and white steeple of the "row on row" gleaming among the pop- Ciry_ State historic old Park Street Church pointed pies, and the soldier who had caught the to five and the last slanting rays of the torch carrying on. Dusk had fallen and sun turned the windows to bronze. The the street lights casting their changing stands were still packed, the sidewalks shadows upon the picture seemed to en- banked with people. Who could leave hance its singular appeal. Pick YOUR when here came Massachusetts? Had What a day! What a parade! What no one else turned out. had the Legion a convention! GovernmenMob

]l I'll'•»«show you the quick- r When zMr. "Baker tMade War 1 estst »way to get on Uncle Sam's pay roll. Get my (Continued from page 17) free book—— tells about all jobs 'pick the one Bucko Baker. The man who receives a a military satrapy. But no one could you want — ask me how blow on one cheek and then on the other look at the little Secretary and think of to get it. before he begins to fight may not only him as a satrap, either civilian or military. fight the harder but, however much he Such a characterization would more THE best and steadiest trade of all is a job with Uncle Sam. No worry, no lay-offs, good pay. in- belabors his opponent, has public opinion likely have brought out a smile than regular increases, vacations with pay, time out with on his side. dignation. Advocates of the draft and pay when sick, a pension when you retire. YOU can get one of these jobs. I'll show you how. Send If a bull-necked, roaring, domineering, all who had honest faith in their country, for a free copy of my new book. Then pick the job two-fisted "he-man," a giant Secretary had to follow him or confound their creed, you want. Some are right in your own town, others take you all over the country. And the re- of War, given to personal publicity, had and the pacifist element which had Iiay is good. Railway Postal Clerks, for instance, receive yearly pay, with allowances, of $2,759.00. proposed, in defiance of all the traditions garded him as one of their own, might an average, My hook tells about this and many other Jobs. Forget "job of the million volunteers springing to think that as we had to go to war, and hunting." Work for Uncle Sam. Mai] the coupon for a free copy of my 32-page, Illustrated book. The quicker you arms over night, on the heels of the dec- he said, and a Pacifist President said, that act the sooner you can start. Railway Postal Clerkex- aminalinn cominfi, flo he prepared. Address ine person- laration of war, that the nation allow him the draft was fair and best, all must ac- ally Arthur Patterson, Patterson school, ism Wisner Bids., Rochester, N. Y. to compel every able-bodied youth to cept it. when, if it had been proposed by march, drill, suffer and risk death at his professional militarists, it would have ap- A. R. PATTERSON, Civil Service Expert PATTERSON SCHOOL, 6312 Wisner Bldg., Rochester, N. Y. command — then Congressional opposi- peared as the devil's own bloodthirsty Send me your Big FREE BOOK telling how I can se- tion and the Pacifists would have capital design to spread human carnage in de- cure a position with the U. S. Government paying from si. 00(1 to $3,300 a year to start, with excellent chance for their jibes and appeals against this stroying the republic. for advancement. Tins doesn't cost me a penny. proponent of making the United States This is not say- ( Continued on page 50) Name Address

DECEMBER, 1930 49 ; — )

Let This Little Wizard On Figures When zMr. "Baker .Made War ( Continued from page 49

ing that Baker was conscious of such from the record of the draft in the Civil adroitness. There is nothing in his corre- War, was the driving method used in spondence to suggest that he was. He was Britain in the first eighteen months of PayYou In your simply being himself. He simply did not the World War to shame those who were know how to be noisy. When he said at a called slackers and cowards into uniforms spare meeting of the Council of National De- without knowing the circumstances that fense that he had concluded "the only way restrained each individual from enlisting. weekly timet to win the War is to kill as many Germans The volunteer system, Baker said, "As as we can as fast as we can," it was in the soon as it begins to get out its whip and same even tone that he expressed a view stir neighborhood sentiment into frenzy Swift as lightning. Ve-Po-Ad, ray amazing new vest pocket adding machine, solres all figuring problems. AND YOUR that possibly it would not help much to would have ten times the unpopularity of MONEY PROBLEMS, TOO I Men all over the country win the elderly are making BIG MONEY selling this little wizard on fig- War by interning an Ger- compulsion." An official board would ures for only $2.50. Ve-Po-Ad duplicates work of $300 man delicatessen dealer because he had grant justifiable cases of exemption, adding machines. Adds, subtracts, multiplies any numbers with absolute accuracy. Million dollar capacity, yet weighs said that the "German people are good where men had physical weakness or only 4 ounces and is only 5 inches long and 3 Yt Inches wide. Made of metal—lasts a lifetime—fully guaranteed. people and don't cut off babies' hands and were the sole support of families, without EXCEPTIONAL PROFITS FOR YOU I think they are fighting for the right when subjecting them to public hazing. Brit- At $2.50. Ve-Po-Ad sells like magic I Your profit over they're wrong." Such was the peculiar ain had waited eighteen months before 100 per cent on every sale. $65 a week Is easy just showing It in your spare time. Less than 10 logic of that analytical mind and the conscription and knew her mistakes. Why sales a day pays full-time workers over $100 a week. No experience whimsical eye. not profit by her mistakes? necessary. Harry Fuller, new man, made $26 first day. Shapiro, Cali- Former Secretaries of War, Root, One feature of the bill, which was to fornia, made $4 75 In one week. Wright, Dickinson, and Stimson, favored be passed as drawn with few very impor- FREE Sample Offer the draft; and very cheering, while for- tant changes, related to the age limit, Live- wire agents who write NOW mer President Roosevelt was appealing which the Congress raised from twenty- will get FREE VE-PO-AD offer and MONEY-MAKING PLAN. Do you for the privilege to lead his volunteer di- five vears, which the War Department want to make $1 ,000 clear profit in the next fewmonths? Then write to me today— NOW vision to France, was the pro-draft letter had favored, to thirty. On April 13th. —and let me show you how by return mail. A post card will do. But write at one*. from former President and Secretary of when this point was being discussed in C. M. CLEARY War William H. Taft. the Congress, Baker had written to the 303 W. Monroe St. Dept. 740, Chicago, HI. When Baker appeared before the President. House Committee, he needed all the sup- "I think you will be interested in the port possible to back his reasons for ask- following facts: ing the greatest administrative power in "In the Civil War the persons who SONG WRITERS the nation's history over his fellow citi- volunteered in the armies of the United Isohg ncoumtMEHnl Advance Royalty Payments, zens: States of 21 years of age and under num- "cw Talking-Picture Song requirements, DIKING PICTURES! Mr. Olney: "The words 'draft' and bered 2,159,798. Among these there were 1 etc., fully explained in our Free instruc- tive book. Writers of Words or Music 'conscription' are rather unpopular, and twenty-five of 10 years of age and under. for songs may submit their work (or free you would not object, would you, to Those of 18 years and under were examination and advice. Past experience unnecessary. We revise, compose, changing that wording of the bill so it I,I5M38. arrange music and secure Copyrights. might read, say 'personal obligation to "The total of those of 22 years and Our modern method guarantees approval. Write Today— Newcomer Associates. service'?" over was 618,511, and of these only 1676.M Broadway. New York, N. Y. Secretary Baker: "I think it would be 46,626 were more than 25 years of age. STUDY AT HOME very unfortunate to change that." "This, of course, was the largest test Become a lawyer. Legally trained Mr. Olney: "You think we should use the volunteer system has ever had in the len win high positions and big iccees in business and public life, 'draft' 'conscription'?" United States, and the results seem to independent. Greater opportunl- the words and now than ever before. Big corpo- to point to the fact that military ns are headed by men with legal Secretary Baker: "I think we should me ma- ning. Law-trained men earn terial be the young ..OOO to $10,000 Annually use the word that challenges the atten- must drawn from train dur- l step by step. You can at home tion to thing, and not to attempt to men of the country, and that probably b. Degree of LL.B. conferred. LaSalle the d among practicing attorneys of every those believe that a denial of the state. We furnish all text material, including fourteen -volume evade it in any way. I think we ought to who Law Library. Low cost, easy terms. Get our valuable 64-page "Law Guide" and "Evidence" books FREE. Send for them NOW. say frankly what we are doing." volunteer spirit to men over 25 years will I_a Salle Extension University, Dept. 1-L. Chicago 12 30 be serious, are misled in their judgment The World's Largest Business Training Institution And then: Mr. Gordon: "Mr. Secretary, I was as to the number of such men in the very much impressed with your state- country desiring to volunteer." ALERT MEN WANTED ment as to the volunteer system taking But Baker's attitude toward the Con- 50 Year Old Firm backs you in a new, pleas- from the life of the country the men who gress was that his part was to give it in- ant, dignified business. A great popular con- were most needed. My observation is formation and the carefully considered fection-food. Dealers prosper everywhere. All that it is just the other that you conclusions of our military experts. While materials and equipment furnished. Small in- way— take men under the volunteer system the fate of the draft bill was in doubt he vestment ; terms. Write LONG EAKINS CO. who can get away, or men who have no wrote to Federal Judge David C. West- of that 1243 High St. Springfield, Ohio fixed occupation." enhaver in one those notes he Secretary Baker: "I believe you will used to dash off by hand late at night, r be unable to prove that by the history when the day's turmoil was over. of any system of volunteering conducted "Throughout all this controversy I have %F6pular in any civilized nation of the world at fortunately been able to keep myself in any time. I think that the fine spirited the background, so that I have no diffi- Learn saxophone, cornet, trombone women and the fine spirited men consult culties which have been created by ob- any band instrument. Be popular. It's V easy. Learn quicker and gain greater one another and agree that no private trusive personality." t musical success on a Conn. Endorsed by Sousa and the world's greatest artists. consideration ought to stand in the way Dent, who was Chairman of the House -' '< Easiest to play in perfect tune. Many logical floor-manager exclusive features. Yet they cost no more. of the public need, and that the unat- Committee and the Write for Free Book tached and dispensable people, by reason of the bill, was against it, and its spon- Free Trial — Easy Payments on any Conn. Write for of their being unattached and dispens- sorship fell to the ranking Republican special offer and free book. Mention Instrument. able, are the very persons least swayed member, Julius Kahn, of California. In C. G.CONN, Ltd. spirit of those early volun- reflection of the controversy to which l203Conn Bldg. Elkhart, Ind. by the who Joseph Falk, Allst in the Westenhaver letter, a Mass.. earned t8.000.oo teer." Baker refers playing a Conn saxo- of phone while In college. Another argument for compulsion which few of the expressions Senators and Appeared In Scountries draft plays 22 inst rii m ems, appealed strongly to the Secretary, aside Representatives in opposition to the nearly all Conns. I1ANI) INMIUJMFNTS

50 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly :

are given from the Congressional Record ordinates in his own railroad or among "The conscripts of the Civil War were the other railroad presidents. He had re- deserters and cowards, both North and spect as an executive and as a man. If ." South . . he had asked all the railroad presidents ." "Worthless fighting material . . of America in peacetime to be in Wash- "Conscripts are not worth consider- ington in two days, the heads of compet- ." ing . . ing systems might have been a little sa- "It will produce a sulky, unwilling, in- tirical about his presumption, but the different army." response in wartime was not in the name "No more abject or involuntary servi- of any man, or any railroad system, or tude was ever presented to this country, all systems, but in that of the Council of ." and it is equally un-American . . National Defense which had resolved on "Conscription is another name for April 7th that Willard be "requested to ." organize the slavery . . call upon the railroads so to "Supported by munition manufactur- business as to lead to the greatest expe- ." dition of freight." ers and other selfish interests . . in the movement ." "We shall Prussianize America . . Fifty presidents came, and the others WouldYou Like "We will never get a conscript on the were represented by proxy. It was not ." . To . billions Earn tiring line in France the of capital they represented, More "It will destroy democracy at home the largest total of any industrial insti- ." Money-inWork while fighting for it abroad . . tution, or their great number of em- "The news of rioting all over the ployes, which made the gathering so im- That's Almost United States will add more joy to the pressive; it was the mood of teamplay German heart than any other news which that the War had suddenly aroused in ." Romance? could be conveyed . . responsive quarters. Willard made a little "Slackers will flock to industry and speech, such as a railroad man would mountains and caves will hide the delin- make to railroad men. Fairfax Harrison, ." quents . . President of the Southern Railroad, "A man who volunteers is worth a wrote this resolution which former Sec- EXPERT/ regiment of odds and ends conscripted retary of War Dickinson, of the Illinois ." If you're earning a penny for that purpose . . Central, proposed, and which was unan- week, mail cou- While the debate raged as to how we imously adopted: less than $50 a below. Get my famous preparations were pon were to raise an army, "Resolved, that the railroads of the Free Book telling about oppor- under way by the War Department for United States, acting through their chief tunities for big money in Radio. Television, trans-Atlantic Radio the immediate execution of such a meas- executive officers here and now assem- telephony, many other wonder- ure as Congress should pass; and the bled, and stirred by a high sense of their J. E. SMITH, ful inventions and developments President with constantly creating big new Radio little Secretary had other problems opportunity to be of the greatest service opportunities. Here's work that's the Congress, and others entering by both to their country in the present national almost romance, a NEW, uncrowded, growing, live wire profession. doors to the right and to the left, meeting crisis, do hereby pledge themselves, with And Radio needs trained men! Salaries from before his desk in the course of forming the Government of the United States, $50 all the way up to $250 a week are not unusual. Now—in your spare hours AT HOME you can basis. — a sound policy on a sound with the Governments of the several quickly learn Radio for bigger pay by my tested, States, and one with another, that dur- practical (ruining plan. Hundreds of men have already done it. It's all so interesting that it's AMONG the civilians crowding the ing the present war they will co-ordinate easy. ^ Secretary's reception room were their operations in a continental railway those who had definite assignments of system, merging during such period all Extra Dollars For You what they were to do, but were wonder- their merely individual and competitive Almost At Once ing how they were to do it in the midst activities in the effort to produce a max-

of so much confusion in such unfamiliar imum of national transportation effi- Think of making $1 . $20, $30 extra every w eek "on the side," without interfering with your reg- surroundings. These were the pioneers ciency. To this end they hereby agree to ular job! I'll teach ynu o do it almost at once after you start your Radio training wvitli me, using that had been early on the ground and create an organization which shall have by spare time who you're wasting now. And all had tasks assigned them by the Advis- general authority to formulate in detail the while you'll be getting ready for the bigger Kadio ory Commission of the Council of Na- and from time to time a policy of opera- 8 Big Laboratory jobs ahead! You can easily pay for your tional Defense, which was to organize tion of all or any of the railways, which Outfits course and put money in the Given Free of bank while learning, when you industry into its part of sheltering, cloth- policy, when and as announced by such learn by my practical methods. Extra Cost ing and arming the recruits, or transport- temporary organization, shall be accept- And you don't need to leave With your training home, or interfere with the ing them and their supplies, whether ed and earnestly made effective by the you get free of extra job you have now, while you're cost 8 great outits of doing it! Fill out and mail they came into the army through enlist- several managements of the individual real Radio practice the coupon below for the big book of Facts and Proof. railroad material. With these ment or the draft. companies here represented." 8 outfits you can rial 64-PAGE BOOK Transportation was related to all the The demand for more action and less huild 100 Radio circuits. This is the SENT FREE railroads in the land. German railroads talk had its reflection in the Advisory practical kind of home- training. You learn When I receive your coupon were government-owned, the French large- Commission. It applied the cloture; no to hold a Job — not on I'll mail you my big 64-page paper—ON THE PAY Rook immediately. It's filled ly so, and the British had passed under member was allowed to speak longer ROLL. Send coupon with photos and facts helow for details of government direction in the course of the about the opportunities than three minutes at its meetings. The this offer. in Radio, and tells bow War. Why should we delay the inevitable ? captains of industry who had become you can prepare, quickly and easily in your spare The President was said to lean at first generals, reported progress accomplished time at home, to be an expert in this field. No toward the idea, which was so much fa- with the brevity characteristic of men previous Kadio experience advantage vored, that the Government should take trained to large affairs. For each com- needed to take of this offer. No special over the railroads. Even if this should be mittee men eminent in their industries, schooling required. Mail coupon now— ad- necessary with time, why should we add a and supposed to have the respect of dress J. K. Smith, further burden to the weight of authority their colleagues, were chosen. It was President. which was already staggering in our inex- found that there was rank in the busi- J. E. SMITH, President, perience, when the railroads, in mutual ness as well as in the army world. The National Radio Institute, understanding, might gain a better initial dollar-a-year men's personal jealousies Dept. ONC, Washington, D. C. Kindly send me your G-l-page Free Book result? standards, inherently in conflict, had Dear Mr. Smith: and which tells about learning Kadio for bigger pay. Also 6end The expert in this subject was Daniel to be considered. Age, though not so information on your offer of 8 outfits of material free of extra cost. I understand this places me under no obligation. Willard, Chairman of the Advisory Com- consistently as in the armv, usually had mission, and the veteran President of first call. Veterans in leather, steel, tin, Name the Baltimore and Ohio. There were no nickel, copper, r^eat. or anv other busi- Address two opinions about him among the sub- ness, did not wel- < Continued on page 52) Town State

DECEMBER, 1930 51 A .

Now-an Electric When zMr. 'Baker zMade War HASHSIGN ( Continued from page 5/ ) come working under younger men who had plant they called a meeting of the board Priced So Low that it been their subordinates, but yet might be of directors which voted a bond issue. more adapted to new conditions. When But the board of directors which held OFFERS AGENTS & there were not enough places to go around, the government purse-strings was Con- every train was bringing fresh volunteers gress. The initiative of the War Depart- 30 a Day who thought they could do the job better ment and the dollar-a-year men was re- than some man already in charge; and stricted by all manner of red tape which the people with pet hobbies, the egoists, the Congress refused to unwind. The livest money makei' in the No field today for agents. Hun- were impressively insistent , and they public buildings to provide more office dreds of thousands of stores especially wanted to unbosom themselves space might be erected without its con- have waited for this kind of a sign invention. The peculiar to the Secretary of War himself. sent which it was loath to give when orange-red brilliancy In the abundance of our industrial and members could point to the optimistic that so closely ap- proximates the fa- technical talent, the problem was not so Allied communiques in evidence that the mous neon invention much the lack of right men for a key Germans would soon have to yield. you see daily—but at only a fraction of position as to be sure that one of the Soon after we entered the War, Quar- the price and with — right men was chosen; and then, above termaster General Sharpe came to Baker many distinct features. Flashes on and off. Mes- sages can be changed instantly. Local agents all, that each of the chosen should for- in the distress of reaction from a bold reaping "fortunes. " No money to invest in stock. get his habit of dictatorship in his own impulse. Just make clever 2-minute demonstration and take orders. We deliver. Your profit $2.50, plus liberal industry, and use his authority induc- "Mr. Secretary." he said, "we may cash bonus paid weekly. tively without offense to the other right both have to go to jail." Lend We You Sample men who had to act as his subordinates. "In that case," Baker replied, "I hope for demonstrating. Send no money for this gen- Felicitous circumstances had Wal- Mrs. Sharpe erous offer—just write. Unbreakable—light weight made and Mrs. Baker will bring —beautiful—looks like $100.00. Every large and ter S. Gifford, who later became Presi- in our meals, as I am sure I shall not small store a ready prospect. A future is waiting dent of the American Telephone and like jail food." for you. Will you take it ? Write today to Williams Name Plate Sign Co. Telegraph Company, the Director of the But Sharpe was not to be put off with 30 Worth LaS.lla SI., Depl. S-L, Chicago, Ml. Council of National Defense and the jests. He felt that it was his duty to Advisory Commission. When people said have the Secretary realize that he had iPrC' JM4KEBIG that "Gifford does not seem to be mak- broken a criminal statute and involved AG] HIAr MONEY/ ing much out of his job," it was a trib- Baker in the crime by spending some un- ute to how well it being performed. authorized forty fifty millions dol- MANY OF OUR CO WORKERS MAKE was or of From the first, as Director of the pio- lars on supplies necessary to certain in- neer Naval Consulting Board, his hand itial preparations. Baker asked if he 14 had been on industrial preparedness. In had received value for the money he WITH THIS BIG UP-TO-DATE LINE OF HOME AND FARM PRODUCTS tapping the broad range of his industrial had spent. Sharpe was sure that he had, knowledge for his task an obtrusive per- in blankets, clothing, food, and other es- distributor for t Kiuoiji, f ff

, spices and extracts. STOP WORKING FOR OTHERS handicap as with the Secretary of War. still in the Government's possession. ew proven eal*s plan creates opening for 1000 It must appear that all he did as the Sharpe said they were. — dealers. Moat Edjol dealers own their m homes, cars and farms. They sell to housewives articles they need, continual clearing house of ideas only reflected the "You need not worry further," said repeatsales onguaranteed merchandise Write and find out for yourself. initiative of others. Statistician that he Baker. "Buy what you need. I will in- J.E.T. Pharmacal Co.. A Hentown. Pa. HAMUtS Of rAMOtS /* ATZV/ MOTH CRYSTALS was of the rising school of industrialism, clude the amount in my emergency ap- he might not make charts of organiza- propriation bill and explain it to the WANT a new tion for fear of offending many zealous committees." business profession of your own. leaders, when he was the executive offi- The Advisory Commission of the withall thetrade cer to whom others turned for relief Council of National Defense was an offi- DOYOU you can attend to? Then be- from their frustrations. cial body, but authority for the purchase come a foot eorrectionist, and in a few weeks Great industrial leaders, who have of supplies was with the different Bu- earn big income in service fees—not medical nor chiropody—easy terms for home training, risen by their own efforts, are geniuses reaus. A week before our entry into the goods to buy. no no further capital needed, no with the characteristics of genius, no less War the Advisory Commission had gone agency. Address Stephenson Laboratory, 9 Back Bar. Boston, Max. than great musicians. Their human na- a step further in concentration by creat- ture varies as much as the clerks under ing the Munitions Standards Board, them, and has more facilities and re- whose name was changed to the Gen- sources for expression. One man at the eral Munitions Board. In the end it was "ttEVISION head of a prominent department was to absorb all branches of procurement TALKING PICTURES deeply peeved because he was not seated and become the War Industries Board, of Tboasands of jobs open paying $60 a week and np! You Qualify in 8 weeks -no* by correspond- according to his proper rank at a dinner which Bernard M. Baruch later became ence, but by actual work on actual Radio. Televi- sion and Sound Equipment. No books or lessons. to an Allied mission at the White House. the dictator. The first thought had been _•>*!© r Employment Help SEND For big, NEW FRKE BOOK. Radio Division. Coyne Electrical School, Dept. 90-5 He did not last long, but much delayed gun carriages, rifles, machine guns, and 500 South Paulina St reet Chicago. Illinois progress. Another said, "I do not care ammunition, and those prime things where I sit if we can get on with the which industrialists had learned they Why Waste Time job." were astonishingly unprepared to pro- ^Stropping Razor Blades? Doughty old Samuel Vauclain, Presi- duce. At the time the possibility of dent of the Baldwin Locomotive Works, sending troops to France was not even Sharpen Them With a who was concerned in arranging for the a probability. But surely, first of all, ™A«™E* manufacture of guns, gun carriages, and every man must have something other KEENEX fuses, said that any private business than shoes, buttons, and mess-kits, to In the same length of time that It takes which was run in the government's way throw at the enemy. to strop a razor hlade vou can now actually SHARPEN it! Instead of merely would soon go bankrupt. Leaders of his Bernard M. Baruch, of the Raw Straightening the edge, as a stropper does, the Keenex grinds a new edce on type were used to forming policies and Materials Committee of the Advisory the hlade. Makes a single blade last a year. The Keenex Sharpener does it all laying in supplies months ahead while Commission, Howard E. Coffin, of the you a superin 2 0 seconds and Rives for their orders. If Industrial Committee, Julius Rosenwald, fine blade for every shave. Nothing like salesmen competed real it ever before on the market— a they needed a few millions for an emer- assisted by Charles Eissman, of Supplies, sharpener, not just a stropping machine. Makes your old blades as good as new. gency they called up the bank for a loan and Dr. Franklin Martin, were attached Sec It at your dealer's or write today for Special Christmas Offer. If they planned large additions to their to the Board, on which officers represent- The Keenei Razor Sharpener Co 3239 Monroe St.. Toledo, OMo 52 The AMERICAN LEGIOK Monthly ed the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps. required. Baker had accepted them in MOULDING A Again good fortune supplied not only relation to policy. No layman could one of the right men for the place of have understood them all, not even the Chairman of the Munitions Board, but Chairman of the Senate Finance Com- MIGHTY ARM one who had the genius for his cre- mittee, who was told that more than ative part, Frank A. Scott, of Cleveland. three times the annual expenditures of Baker's friends might wonder how the whole Government would be enough little he gave them to do, but he put for a start. It was then that Senator enough on Scott to make up for the ne- Martin exclaimed: glect of the others. Scott was the electric "Good God! You aren't going to send type which is so conspicuously American, soldiers to France, are you?" a stalwart Republican who had been Three days after we were in the War, against the Johnson regime in Cleveland, when the existence of the new board was but was so fond of Baker that he forgave announced, Scott stated its purpose as him for his perverse political views. "overcoming the difficulties naturally in- While young he had become the head of herent in a non-military nation forced Warner, Swasey Company, makers of into the War." Meanwhile, there had fine tools, so he knew his subject of jigs been long secret meetings on April third, and gauges, and all the technical details fourth, and fifth, before we entered the of the making of rifles and machine guns. War, in which experts from every branch But this was only one part of his equip- of the War Department had been called ment. He not only spoke the language upon for a final statement of their needs, of the business world, but of the army. and experts in industry to state the na- He had served in the National Guard; tion's capacity in every detail, or ascer- Get a 17 Inch Bicep he had studied military history and kept tain it with all speed. Those difficulties in touch with the Regulars. During the which Scott knew from both sides were War he had been abroad as one of the the touchstone of his energetic, knowing Complete Course on Arm Building Americans who knew the technicalities dictatorship. He had the gift which was of munition making. In view of his sometimes lacking in some Bureau chiefs army associations, he was a little sur- and captains of industry who are not ONLY 25c prised Baker said: to for their or- when used giving the reasons Get an arm of might with the power and grip to obey "I am not going to give you a commis- ders. He illuminated his requests with your physical desires. You can now build your arm from a scrawny piece of skin and bone to one of huge sion in the Army. You can do your work lucid explanations. He could talk like a muscular size. I don't mean Just a 17-lnch bleep but a 15-inch forearm and an 8-inch wrist. This specially better without it." purling brook to soothe the offended, and prepared course will build every muscle in the arm because It has been scientifically worked out for that pur- In the War Department corridors, like a machine gun to drive a point pose. You can develop a pair of triceps shaped like a horseshoe and Just as strong, and a pair of biceps that while he was organizing his board, and home. will show their double head formation. The sinewy cable between the biceps and elbow will be deep and thick he was looking for a broad-gauge Gen- the experts said that it When army with wire cable ligaments. In that arm of yours, the eral Staff officer who fitted into his was hopeless for America to make artil- forearm will belly with bulk, and the great supinator lift- ing muscle you can make into a column of power, while scheme, he met Major Palmer E. Pierce, lery as the Allies were utilizing all the your wrist will grow alive and writhe with cordy sinew. All this you can get for 25 cents—send for this course of the General Staff. They had spoken plants except the government arsenals, today and you can have a he-man's arm built to be as beautiful, brawny and inagniheent as the village black- together only a minute when Scott saw which had small capacity, Scott turned smith's. that here was his man, and drafted him. to the telephone, saying, "I am going to You can't make a mistake. The guarantee of the strongest armed man in the world stands behind this In that hectic period short talks brought call up the Secretary of War and tell course. I give you ail the secrets of strength illustrated and explained as you like it. Build for yourself an un- quick results in the eddies of racing him to tell the President we must make breakable grip of steel and a Herculean arm. Mail your order now while you can still get this course at my steps along the War Department's corri- peace. We can't fight a war without introductory price of only 25c. dors. guns." That settled this particular "it Pierce might think that if we ever did can't be done." Scott was against all RUSH THE COUPON TODAY To each purchaser will be given a FREE COPY of send an to impostors: there was nothing America army France, here was THE THRILL OF BEING STRONG. It Is a price- another soldier marooned in the rear. could not do. The man who best realized less book to the strength fan and muscle builder. l ull of pictures of marvelous bodied men who tell you But men were too occupied to think of the difficulties had seemingly inexhaust- decisively how you can build symmetry and strength the equal of theirs. their ambitions. They did as much as ible optimism. they could, and the best they could with He and other industrialists, so habitu- REACH OUT—GRASP THIS SPECIAL OFFER the tasks assigned them. Pierce was to ated to initiative, were having their first 7 be the contact man between the W ar In- experience of what it is for a nation to Jovvett Institute of Physical Culture dustries Board and the Bureau chiefs; a be on the defensive in war. From the 422 Poplar Street, Dept. 22M, Scranton, Penna. liaison officer in the before the beginning of the the offensive had days War Dear Mr. Jowett: I am enclosing 25c. Please send word had become the symbol for har- been with the Germans. They were on me the course "MOULDING A MIGHTY ARM" and a free copy of "THE THRILL OF BEING STRONG." monious action among units at the front the soil of their enemies, forcing the Al- in France. He and Scott were to as- lies to wonder through the winter where Name semble and oil the machinery. They the German Spring drive would come were to try to make the Bureau chiefs and how to meet it. Each Ally had also and captains of industry see eye to eye. to think in terms of what the other Address. One day Baker asked Pierce to go Allies would do and were capable of with him to the Capitol to present to doing. Nowhere is evidence of our de- the committees the requirements of all pendence upon Allied needs so telling as the Bureaus for the emergency appropri- in the minutes of the meetings of the New Kind Ot ation bill. On the way Baker asked Munitions Board, while we waited for Pierce questions and made notes, which the arrival of the Allied missions who can he incorporated in what, to soldier brought us no unified plan as to what Opener Pierce, was an astonishingly lucid and they expected of us. convincing exposition of the reasons why Were we to fight only by sea, or were so much money was needed. Then be- we to fight also by land? As Command- Works Like Magic! fore Baker hurried off to another ap- er Kearney of the Navy stated at the At last! An automatic, simple little AGENTS ran opening machine for the home. pointment, he said to Senator Martin: first meeting, that was as important to Men and Women This revolutionary invention In only a few short months has banished old But have made up to "Major Pierce will explain the details the Navy as it was to the Army. $6 and $8 in an can openers from over 1 00.000 kitch-

ens. And no wonder ! Imagine an to you." the only definite thing the War Depart- hour, full or spare time. Bltr, «*orth- amazing, lifetime device that holds the can and cuts out the top leaving can rim plan uhi le commissions The joke was on Pierce. It would ment had for its guidance was the nlick. arnooth ant) clean. Just turn a crank, on every sale. Ex- that's all. Approved by Good Housekeeping have taken all day to read all the specifi- for a million men. Julius Rosenwald elusive Terri- Inat. . Modern Priacilla. etc. Write today tories. Send «iuick for special introductory advertising offer. cations of all the articles a million men said they could (Continued on page 54) for FREE TEST offer. CENTRAL STATES MFG. CO. Dipl. W- 1004. 4500 Mary •»., It. Louu. Mo.

DECEMBER. 19,^0 53 BEAN'S LAMBSKIN CAMP SHOE Is our own idea of the best and most prac- When *Mr. "Baker • i / Franklin Institute These War Department people were / Dept. S189 Rochester. N.Y. just prices to be paid by the Govern- Vacations /' Rush to me free of charge, ment for munitions and related supplies. talking of a million, and even now of 32 page book with (1) A full ilc- ommon scription of the position chec ked be- I authorize the General Munitions Board two million men, when Joffre had told education a^ low; (2) A list of U. S. Government to act on questions involving the de- Baker that the largest force eventually sufficiently '' ol)s obtainable; (3) Send full information describing preference to ex- fair prices for expected was five hundred thousand Mall service men. termination of and just coupon © P.iil„iT Point Clerk ($1900 la $2700) munitions and related supplies, when men. And this Quartermaster General Potlollice Clerk ISI700 lo S730DI SUREor . / Cits Mill Carrier- ($1700 10 S2I00) called upon to do so by a department Sharpe with his two million blankets! / Kuril Mail Cerrier ($2100 lo $3300) Inspector ol head." And this General Crozier, Chief of Ord- / Cuilomt ( $2100 up i / Prohibition Agent ($2300 lo $2B00) The working of the plan again de- nance, who wanted so many cannon, y Name pended upon the human equation, of machine guns and rifles, thinking not in

54 The AMERICAN* LEGION' Monthly — —

NOW... ANOTHER millions but in billions! The Congress steel companies and the Du Pont pow- knew him of old. He had always been der plant before we had been three trying to divert money to other purposes weeks in the War, that there was only MILLION than those for which it was appropri- coal enough in prospect for them to run DOLLAR ated. And thousands upon thousands of fifty per cent of their capacity. The motor trucks, and millions of blankets and Railroad Committee of the Advisory SHAVING mess-kits, and what not! Cities of new Commission immediately provided for munition plants to be built! If the War that, and then decided on this priority in INVENTION " ended in a few weeks, what a scandal transportation: ist, fuel for the Govern- "Once*in-lifetime business opportunity now offered ambitious men by 1. L. then about all this useless material ment; 2d, for railroads on which mines Rhodes, who put over Kriss Kross Stropper, which the people had to pay for? (Mem- were located; 3d, for railroads other biggest success of its kind in America. bers might not saying this on than those upon which mines were lo- be the Samples Sent Free —Write Today floor, for the war-emotional public to cated; 4th, for other purposes. hear, but they were in the lobbies.) 1L. RHODES' invention brought salesmen over a million dollars in profits. Now he has From another direction came the com- BAKER looked at the bust of Stan- AS another great money-maker, destined to revolu- plaints of the steel manufacturers, as • ton, thinking how to avoid Stanton's tionize shaving and make small fortunes for forwarded by Judge Gary, against the mistakes as well as profit by his merits, men who join him now. Nothing like it ever ' flagrant disregard of the Sherman law, he had in mind Stanton's relations with before announced. 1-minute sales, big com- the Clayton law, and all other statutes his generals, as an object lesson in his missions, repeat business, low price, national that were supposed to regulate business, own choice of a commander in France. advertising, etc. No experience required. Work particularly big business. ... It seems His reading of the history of the Civil full time or spare hours. Learn also about Kriss to us that if the Government desires co- War had been illumined by paternal sensational new money-making plan on Kross Stropper, the amazing machine that ends operation of the business interests in reminiscences in his boyhood. On a back- buying razor blades and assures keen, cool, helping ground conducive to pacifism in remind- them with their problem, the quick shaves forever. Pays up least they could do would be to have ers of the folly of fratricidal war and to $150 a week without selling. Simply place on free trial. Guar- MAKES Congress pass a resolution suspending also conducive to the conviction that the anteed profits offer—no risk the operation of these laws during the business of war, once it is begun, is new low price. Territories clos- fast. Without obligation, period of the war." fighting, and nothing but fighting, to the ing H King earned $66 write today for full details and In one day. Emil The Bethlehem Steel Company re- bitter end. His knowledge of war came free sample of new invention. Ham $200 in 4 dajB Find out how you ported that recruiting agents had been not from veterans' accounts of action in I. L. Rhodes, Pres., can dr. the Banrr.

Ctpl W IIS. 1418 Pendleton Ave , Si. Louis. Mo. busy around their factory and had en- distant fields, but from the scene of ac- listed three hundred valuable men. Since tion, itself, where he was born. the day after our entry into the War, In the Spring of 1861 another New- PATENTS appeals had been coming in from the ton Baker, his father, returned as a Time counts in applying for patents. Dnn't risk t protecting ynur ideas. Rend sketch or model f"r his lay in representatives of labor and from em- freshman from Wittenberg College to instructions or write for FREE book, "How lo ployers to exempt skilled labor from mil- home in Shepherdstown, then in Virginia, Obtain a Patent," and "Record of Invention" form. No charge for information on bow to pro- itary service. But Baker's negative was now in West Virginia, to find that in ceed. Communications etrictly confidential. Prompt, careful, efficient service. Clarence A. O'Brien, Regis- final on that point. Exemptions must be this border town between the North and tered Patent Attorney, 2179 Security Savings and Commercial Bank Building, (directly arrnss made in an equitable manner by the au- the South neighbors were answering the street from Patent Office) Washington, D. C. thorized methods in the draft act, when call of blood, association, and conviction. it was passed. His own blood was a mixture of two FOR CHRISTMAS The issue of the eight-hour day. of strains that met here. His mother's fam- ^ ' The Most Amazing Gun Ever union against non-union shops providing ily were of German extraction, hi; Invented for Small Game and government supplies, and the whole father's English. The families had settled Target Shooting. mighty problem of labor through its across the Potomac from each other, the organization in relation to the War, Baker family about Barkersville, near An- which Baker also had on his hands, will tietam, the other in Jefferson County. CROSMAN be presented later on; as will that of two His father, the Secretary's grandfather, other mighty problems, air craft produc- whose people came from across the Po- SILENT .22 tion and providing enough rifles for the tomac in Maryland, did not practice his Although it uses no powder, the Crosman Silent .22 has deadly accuracy and tre- infantry and guns for the artillery. trade of saddler, but kept a general store, mendous power. Crosman Silent .22 Rifles As the War Industries Board sunk the first in Martinsburg and then in Shep- are the highest powered pneumatic rifles

world . . . the Repeater is the plummet deeper into our industrial ca- herdstown. devoted Lutheran, "the joy in the A only high powered repeating pneumatic pacity we were finding how our resources of his life" was to fill a vacant pulpit as rifle in the world! They are not toys target and sporting rifles. had been already drained by the Allies' supply preacher. He was so strongly for but are real They have all the advantages of .22 pow- demands for supplies. On May ist we had the Union in a divided community that der guns combined with six features that possesses. shortages in guns, shafting forges, steel Lincoln had appointed him postmaster no firearm castings, acids, steel sheets, leather goods, of Shepherdstown. Exclusive Crosman Features machine guns, cotton goods, woolen goods, "Which side will you take?" the 1. Noiseless. 2. No Cleaning. 3. Low Cost knitted goods, sheet tins, lumber, wrought mother asked the. son upon his return. Ammunition. 4. Adjustable Power. 5. Splatter. 6. No Recoil. iron pipe, raw rubber, rubber goods "The South!" No Bullet in quantity, coal in quantity, gasoline in "Very well," she said. She gave him A GREAT GIFT quantity, and oil in quantity. We had a note to her brother, who owned a large Any member of the family or friend not enough wool in sight for uniforms farm, so that he could "have a horse will welcome a Crosman Silent .22. will prove of more practical value for a million men. England had an em- and join the cavalry." It and will give more real pleasure bargo on wool, another detail to be ad- Through the long conflict, whose out- than any other .22 you can buy. justed. riders came and went through Shepherds- Mail the coupon for FREE BOOK today. However, there was one item of sup- town, the mother never revealed which plies which was causing the War Indus- cause had her loyalty as between that of CROSMAN ARMS CO. tries Board no worry at all. General Union father and Secessionist son. A 432 St. Paul SI., Rochester, N. Y. FREE Smith, representing the Quartermaster's private from the beginning to the end BOOK department, had covered that subject of the war, the first Newton was one of Crosman Arms Company. 432 St. Paul St., Rochester, N. Y. ' finally, three days after our entry into twenty cousins in a company under a Mail me your Free Rook " Target / and Game Shooting*" nnd oenrl com- / the War, by his remark that a cavalry, the pietc Information <>n the Omsma- man was cousin serving with Stuart's Sileot .22. opy of j r 16- consuming food whether he was in the eyes of Lee's army, ranging the Union's page illus- / trated book Army or not. It was the one thing in flanks, raiding its communications, and entitled ' "Target and which the requirements in the Army du- once riding clear around it. Came Shoot- ing" — writ- plicated ten by a man those of civil life. After Private Baker had studied med- City .. loves Highly serious was the report of the icine, and married ( Continued 011 page 57) MAIL THE State. CO UPON TODAY!

DECEMBER. 1930 Many of those close friends you will want to remember this year Emblem Division, THE AMERICAN LEGION 777 North Meridian St., Indianapolis, Ind. are Legionnaires. What could be more appropriate than a gift Please Emblem Catalog to bearing the American Legion emblem? Any one of the beautiful mail my copy of the 1 930 the following address: gifts shown here would be a lasting tribute of your personal esteem. This portion of your Christmas shopping can be done from the 1930 NAME. Emblem Catalog without a nerve-racking search through crowded STREET stores. This interesting booklet is literally crammed with valuable CITY STATE Christmas suggestions. Your copy, beautifully illustrated in colors,

Department ot. is ready to mail. Write for it now. It's free to Legionnaires. I am a member of Post No

56 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly 71

When

and settled down to practice in Martins- Normally, the choice should be one of burg, one of his four sons, the little one, our major generals, and normally the was studious. As a boy Newton would sit ranking one had a preferred claim. But in the buggy reading a book while Dr. young Colonel McClellan had not been

Baker was indoors seeing a patient ; and the ranking officer of our army when he as they rode the countryside father would was given command of the Army of the talk with his son about what he had been Potomac, or Grant at Vicksburg, or reading and tell him stories of the brave Shafter when he was given command of days with Stuart. The father had read the Santiago expedition. $1260 to all the Civil War histories and reminis- At the outset of the Civil War, Gen- $3400 cences; he had thought much on the sub- eral Winfield S. Scott, the commanding A YEAR ject. general, whose old age was unequal to "I think that the thing he more often his new burden, would have made Colo- said to me than anything else," said his nel Robert E. Lee commander of the PICK YOUR JOB son, "was that the reason the South Union Army, if Lee had not gone over to seemed to prevail for so long from a the Confederacy. Lee had been Scott's military point of view was that President right-hand staff officer in the Mexican Davis let Lee alone, while Stanton and expedition. If Baker had concluded that Ex-Service Men Get Lincoln constantly interfered with Fed- youth must be served, and there had Preference eral commanders. Only once did Presi- been a colonel of such conspicuous out- dent Davis give General Lee a military standing ability as Lee in 1861, many of These positions. order, and Lee's answer was to unbuckle the major generals on the active list in are steady Strikes, poor business conditions, or politics will not affect them. Government em- his sword and hand it to Davis. Davis 191 7 could not have logically complained ployees get their pay lor twelve full months every year. handed it back, tore up the order, and upon the application of the principle of 51,900 TO S2.7O0 A YEAR Railway Postal Clerks get from that time on never interfered. So which they had been the beneficiaries. $1,900 the first year, being paid on the first and fifteenth of each month. $ 7 !) . 1 that when I became Secretary of War The President might appoint any offi- each pay day. Their pay is quickly increased, the maximum being $2,700 a year. $112.30 eacli pay day. the idea deepest in my childhood recol- cer from lieutenant to colonel to be a lection was that commanders in the field brigadier general or major general sub- Travel On had to be supreme and civilian interfer- ject to confirmation by the Senate, but ence with them was dangerous. I am not promote any officer below brigadier "Unele Sam's" sure this idea this drilling general a single file. Army officers may came from Roll into me of this idea of my father's that recognize the soundness of promotion by Pay in military systems the military man was selection which holds in civil life; but in commander in chief." practice they are against it as they feel Stanton's quarrel with McClellan, his its injustice and consider it must lead curt and blunt comments to his generals, to favoritism through political and other Railway employees, enliven, if they do not always dignify, influences. Consequently the able and Postal Clerks, like all Government have a yearly vacation of 15 working days (about IS the history of his administration. All the ambitious officer who develops with ma- days). On runs, they usually work 3 days and have 3 days off duty or in the same proportion. During this army telegraphers were under his person- turity may be outranked by one who off duty and vacation their pay continues just as though they were working. They travel on a pass when on busi- al direction in a special corps. No one was graduated from West Point a single ness and see the country. When they grow old, they are retired with a pension. Many expected. was attached to an army command. A number ahead of him, and has since Spring examinations CITV MAIL CARRIERS, POST OFFICE CLERKS copy of all telegrams must be sent to merely kept step in routine and in good Clerks and Carriers now commence at $1,700 a year Stanton's office where they were kept in conduct. and automatically increase $100 a year to $2,100 and $2,300. They also have 15 days' paid vacation. City boxes. No one outside the telegraphers' The time elapse from the Civil to the residence is unnecessary, February examinations expected. corps was permitted to know the code Spanish War had been thirty-three years; IMMIGRANT INSPECTOR — CUSTOMS INSPECTOR until Grant, then a lieutenant general, but that from the Spanish to the World Salary $2,100 to commence. Work connected with Immigration and Customs examination of incoming pas- with the capture of Vicksburg behind War had only been nineteen years, which sengers from foreign countries. him, compelled a telegrapher to yield it advanced the officer who had been in the IS YOUR JOB STEADY? to him in an emergency. Stanton had thirties or forties in the Spanish War to Compare these conditions with your present or your prospective condition, perhaps changing positions fre- the man dismissed and said he ought to the fifties. The officers who had been in quently, no chance in sight for PERMANENT employment; frequently out of a position and the have resisted even to the point of being the twenties in the Spanish War were year's average salary very low. DO YOU GET sent to $1,900 EVERY YEAR? HAVE YOU ANY jail; but later Stanton allowed now in the forties, and those had grown ASSURANCE THAT A FEW YEARS FROM Grant, who was still operating in the up in the schooling of the new regime of NOW YOU WILL GET $2,100 TO $2,700 A YEAR? West, to name one officer on his staff Staff and Staff colleges which Elihu Root YOU CAN GET THEM who might have the code. had initiated. From among them, by all Experience Is usually unnecessary, ami political Influence Is not permitted. Let us The generals in the Civil War had precedent, should develop our leaders in show you how. commanded armies within the bounda- France. GET FREE LIST OF POSITIONS Fill out the following coupon. Tear it off ries of their own country. The promotion over his seniors of a commander The and mail it today —now, at once. in France would be three thousand miles young man in peace, or at the outset of This Investment of two cents for a postage stamp may result in your getting a Govern- away, in co-operation with Allies. The a war, leads to jealousy of other able ment Job. War Department foresaw he might have men of his own age and the resentment FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, to direct a far larger army than the public of the elders whom he has jumped. Offi- Dept.S183, Rochester, N. Y. to me entirely free of charge (1) a full descrip- conjectured. The happy thing would to cers may go on doing their duty faith- Rush be tion of the position checked below; (2) Free Copy of 32- choose at the stan the right man for fully, but unconsciously their enthusiasm page book, "How to Get a U. S. Government .lob"; (3) A list of the U. S. Government Jobs now obtainable: forging the weapons which his own hand is dimmed and spirit of corps suffers. If (4) Tell me all about preference given to ex-service men. knew and would hold to the end. He the young man fails the result is far Railway Postal Clerk ($1.900-$2,700) Post Office Clerk ($1,700-52,300) must have the physical strength well than if elder fails, for the elder as worse an City Mail Carrier ($! ,700-52,100) as the mental competency for a task can be the more easily replaced by youth Rural Mail Carrier ($2,100-53,300) P Government Clerk— File Clerk ($1 .260-52,500 whose magnitude was so immeasurably that has demonstrated ability in prac- Immigrant Inspector ($2, 100 up) beyond that in the experience of any of tice. All these factors a Secretary of Inspector of Customs ($2,100 up) our officers. War must consider at the outset of a The highest rank in our Army was war. His administrative sagacity must Name major general; the same for the Chief not overlook the human equation and

of Staff as for department commanders. the material (Continued on page 58) Address Use Thle Coupon Before You Mlelay It.

DECEMBER, iq,o 57 ' —

This new self-massaging When .t hi.. r...t m-d.-nii.-: terms if desired. Write today for free booklet took his place as department command- sooner than Pershing's. Expressed in the tvfaichtolla all about TrahV Inspection and what it in I . forv.u. Standard Business Training er on the border. terms of another profession. Wood was Inst.. O. v. 24. Buffalo, N. Y. The choice among department com- the advocate and Pershing the office coun- manders narrowed to Wood, Bell, Barry, selor. Wood was a good conversational- Pershing. Whoever was chosen the ist Pershing a listener. But Pershing had and ; object was not the personal glory of an immense circle of personal friends. He awe Your Feet the head of the machine nor the sprink- never forgot a name or a face, and had a ^When all else fails end your suffer- ling path of his home- touch with civil life than is coming with the flexible "no metal" of flowers on the broader ARCH coming triumphal car, but the efficiency mon with army officers. Beefner SUPPORT WRITE FOR FR£E BOOOTT of the machine as a whole in victory won Wood, when he served as Chief of at the least cost in the maiming and the Staff, carried on the war of the General death of the nations youth. Staff against the Bureau system. He had Wood was the ranking, the best his warm personal supporters in Con- LoutevtfiV, Httfner Arch Support Co. 66 M. E- Taylor BUS*.: Kf. known, and in the public mind the most gress and his enemies there. Youngsters distinguished of the major generals. Per- who drilled in his Plattsburg camp were shing, a brigadier general when Baker under the same spell as the lieutenant became Secretary of War, had not come who came out of his tent at Santiago. He into wide public prominence until his had been a receptive candidate for the expedition into Mexico, and he had not Presidency at the Republican Convention caught Villa for reasons already given. of iqi6. Pershing, so far as he was known He was a graduate of West Point and to have any politics, was also a Repub- Wood was not. lican. Wood's promotion had been more re- Wood had been unable to conceal bit- sented, if possible, at the time, in reg- terness against President Wilson's "pa-

You can rely upon Chicago's old' ular circles, than Funston's. He was cifism." He indulged in moments of most reliable rubber company to deli" - at lowest cost. Actual testa on — . Doctor Wood, who had had no line com- caustic comment on both the President in the country prove that our standard brand, cted tirea deliver 60 to 60 per cent thirty-eight; but in and Secretary Baker which friends, who more Bervice. A trial order will convince you. mand until he was 12 MONTHS' SERVICE SAVE March, 1808, when attached to Presi- suggested more discretion, warned him GUARANTEED MONET McKinley, he had received the would be carried to the White House. Reg. CORD Tires dent Size Tires Tubes Congressional Medal of Honor from First and last the War Department had 30x3 S2.2O$1.0O 29x4.50-20" 2.40 1.16 S0X8M 2.2S 1.00 Congress for his gallantry in 1886 in the supported his Plattsburg Camp plan; but 80x4.50-21" 2.4S 1 20 32x3^ 2.70 1.16 2.9S 1.16 28x4.75-19" 2.45 1.20 31x4 campaign. It was while in Wash- he was subject to reprimand as an army 80x4.96-21" 2.90 1.36 :< i 2.95 1.16 Apache 30x5-00-20" 2.95 1.35 33x4 2.95 1.15 28x6.25-18" 2.95 1.35 34x4 3. SO 1.16 ington before the Spanish War that he officer when former President Theodore 30x5.25-20" 2.9S 1.36 32x4H 3.20 1.45 31x5. 26-21" 3.20 1.35 88x4tt 3.20 1.46 formed his friendship with Theodore Roosevelt, as his guest, referred to Pres- 80x6.77-20" 3.20 1.40 84> i 3.45 1.45 31x6.00-19" 3.20 1.40 80x5 3.60 1.76 Assistant Secretary of idential "supineness" in addressing the All Tubes New- »2««.UW-2»' 3.20 1.40 33x5 3.60 1.75 Roosevelt, then Guaranteed 8.1x6.00-21" 3.20 1.45 36x5 4.45 1.75 who had students at Plattsburg, which was a gov- First Quality 82x6.20-20" 3.65 1.76 All Other Sizes the Navy. When Roosevelt, Send only SI .OO deposit with each tire ordered, b jiceC. O. D. had no military experience, raised the ernment institution. Wood could explain It you Bend ca»h in full deduct S per cent. You a Guaranteed a vear'fl Nprvio i.r rt'oliw'fmi'iit at half price. that he was not responsible for what MIDLAND TIRE & RUBBER COMPANY Rough Riders and obviously must have Oeot. 06» 1000- lO W. Sixty-Third Street Chicago Monthly 58 The AMERICAN* LEGION : : :

Mr. Roosevelt said and did not know what General Wood and that he ought not to Roosevelt was going to say; but "supine- be authorized to visit any or all of the ness" was the word and that was the ros- belligerent countries at this time. trum. "So far as I could discover, Mr. How- 10 MONTHS TO PAY A man of Wood's ambition could not land's purpose was to have General Wood Direct diamond Importations and large volume sales make pos- be oblivious of historical precedent. The go to England and France. Were he to sible these unusual values in perfect, genuine blue - white dia- charger on which the military commander do so, it seems to me that rumors and monds and standard watches. had ridden to victory had often carried suspicions would at once be started to the 10 DAYS' FREE TRIAL him to the White House. Generals George effect that some sort of military co-opera- Rend only SI. with order and your choice comes to you on Washington, Andrew Jackson, William tion between the United States and the 10 days' tree trial—no C. O. I), to pay on arrival. No Interest Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, and countries visited by General Wood was — no red tape- After examination take 10 months to pay balance. Ulysses S. become Presidents. secretly in prospect. In view of the fact Grant had 5 Satisfaction absolutely guaran- eo 34 . . 25 teed or money back. Hayes and Garfield had both been gen- that we have withdrawn Colonel Kuhn Engraved 18K Solid White Gold ALL TRANSACTIONS Berlin, I think it would be unwise erals in the Civil War. General Winfield from solitaire ring: STRICTLY CONFIDENTIAL been perpetual candidate. to ask the German Government to admit fiery, genuine S. Scott had a blue-white dia- Wood's personality, spreading its power General Wood as a military observer into mond . Only 52.40 a month. outside the army, sounded back to the that country. In view of the fact that he days when the commanding general of is the senior Major General of our Army, the Army was a great figure in politics be- he could hardly go into Germany without fore Root substituted the modern and im- our Government having first requested EO 8 . . . Two (2) genuine dia- personal system of the strictly profes- permission. monds and 8 emeralds or sapphires set in engraved 14K sional chief of staff for the old. "This forecast of possible embarrass- Solid White Gold Case. Guaran- teed 15-]ewel movement. Pierced While other departments ran their reg- ments may be erroneous, but I confess I Flexible Wristacrat" bracelet with sapphires or emeralds. Only ular routine under their commander, the have some misgivings about the discre- S3 65 a Mo. — War Department was always kept aware tion with which General Wood might con- SBST^ S 485° J0 friends duct himself, and his position in our EC3 9 of Wood's active personality. His 1SK Solid White were always busy in his behalf, and they Army is so high that a certain responsi- Gold lady's ring: first quality gen- were not always wise friends in relation bility would attach to any utterance or uine blue-whttfl diamond, 6 to preserving his power with his superi- action of his, even though his visit were matched diamonds on sides. ors. On January 12, 191 7, William B. purely for personal reasons and not as an 14.75 a Only mo. IT'S a bulova Guaranteed Howland, of New York, enclosed a letter accredited military observer. 15-JeweI Gent's Bulova watch Catalogue FREE White gold filled case, "dust-tite" to the President in writing to Baker con- "If these views meet with your approv- to Adults protector: radium dial and hands; woven mesh wrist band. Only cerning the plan for a history of the al, I will write to Mr. Howland and tell $2.88 a Mo. World War. It was to be issued under the him that I have determined against the New catalog of genuine diamonds auspices of the corporation which had advisability of any general officers of our — Bulova, Elgin. Waltham. Hamil- ton, Howard charge of the Encyclopedia Britannica. Army visiting Europe at this time. Illinois watches; One Jewelry, silverware, special prices. The American editor of the Encyclopedia "The latter part of Mr. Howland's let- Write now for Free Copy. ESTABLISHED 189E would probably be in charge of the work, ter deals with a suggestion to which, MD guaranteeing its neutral spirit, as Mr. doubtless, he wished your personal atten- ROYAL < Howland held that it was only in a neu- tion drawn. DEPT. 14-M. m \ ADDRESS «I7Q BROADWAY. N tral nation that an adequate record of the "Respectfully yours, conflict could be written, and this should "Newton D. Baker be done immediately after the War. The "Secretary of War." support of the Prime Minister of Canada The President's own brief comment LAW Book and the Marquis of Aberdeen had already was that he thought it would be highly Write today for FREE 64-pa*e book, "THE LAW-TRAINED MAN", which Hhowfl how to learn law in spare time through the been secured. Major General Wood had improper to detail a major general to go Blackatone home study course prepared by 80 prominent; 1< authorities, including law school deans, lawyers, and U. b. bu been interested in the military part of the abroad to co-operate in a publishing ven- preme Court justices. Combination text and case method of fcetruction uBed. All material necessary fur nished with th course, including elaborate 25-volume Jaw hbre history, Mr. Howland said, and expressed ture, and expressed a lack of confidence Uvered immediately upon enroll] issful attorn 1 mong our graduates. LL.B.deir __ _ on ferred. Moderate his willingness to go abroad and confer in General Wood's loyalty and discretion. tuition, low monthly term ey-Back Agreement. Write for free book today with the miiitary leaders in the War if It was the Encyclopedia Britannica ar- 307 N. Michigan! Ave BLACKSTONE INSTITUTE, Chicago leave of absence were granted him. At the ticle on Baker, after the War, which con- £S time, two weeks before the announce- demned Baker's administration as lacking ment by Germany of unrestricted sub- foresight and energy, and drew such marine warfare, peace negotiations, which strong protests from men who had been seemed to assure the end of the War, were close to Baker in the War and led to a BRONZE TABLETS C occupying the President's attention, revision article. and of the MEMORIAL FLAGPOLES. GATEWAYS/ETC. naturally calling for prompt preparation Among the devout Wood enthusiasts Jhe J/our Ofy'- Ornamental Iron Co. of the history for the market. was Gutzon Borglum, the famous sculp- Z6J7-27™AVE.SO, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. Baker wrote to Mr. Wilson tor. In a letter of April 13th to Baker he "January 12, 1017. expressed the indignation of General You can be quickly cured, if you "Dear Mr. President Wood's friends that he had been trans- "This morning Mr. William B. How- ferred from Governor's Island to Charles- land called at my office and asked me to ton to command the Southeastern De- STAMMER present to you the inclosed letter. He has, partment. Mr. Borglum was concerned Send 10 cents coin or stamps for 288-page cloth bound book on "Stammering, Its Cause and I believe, presented to you in another con- lest General Wood's attitude should be Cure." It tells how I cured myself after stam- nection the general proposition of the confounded with the political activities l.iering and stuttering 20 years. preparation of a history of the great war. of Theodore Roosevelt. He knew Wood BENJAMIN N. BOGUE, Bogue Bldg The particular part of this letter which intimately and wanted to bring him into 1083 ., Indianapolis he consulted me about is in the second camp in support of the Administration so paragraph and deals with a desire on his that the nation might have the full bene- LEGIONN AIR.E5, part to have Major General Leonard fit of his services. To this letter Baker 1 TZH-SHUN / granted of visit Wood leave absence to replied Here is the American Lee ion Uniform de luxe, certain European belligerent countries dear Smart, good-looking, durable. Interlining of hair- "My Mr. Borglum: cloth and special linen canvas reinforcements. Pre- for the purpose of consulting with com- "I have your very considerate letter of serves its good looks for the life of the garment. Coat cut to regulation standards. Two breast manders and so to equip himself to act the 13th. I think General Wood and his pockets with center plants and buttoned flap. Two hot- pockets with flap. Belted !! around. Tailored from fabric— -* -»-ndard weiKht »n.1 color. Equip your IVst as the American military critic of his- friends will all realize within a short the very . with Utuncu Brand Uniforms. Write for catalog and complete price information today. tory in course of preparation. time that the Department has work on "I, personally, believe that no such hand for him of the first degree and im- TJtunco leave of absence ought to be granted to portance and (Continued on page 60) UTICA UNIFORM COMPANY, INC. 130 Hotel Street. Utica. New York DECEMBER, 1930 59 $ I 1 Masonic Xmas Gifts f T Useful and attractive presents ~] When zMr. "Baker S5?5£S£S "Everything Masonic" than those in Washington who are mak- agree that Pershing was able to hold his

ing it a study, and, also, that any change own on long rides with his lieutenants as in General Wood's station necessarily ar- well as when he had been a captain of USEFUL and HANDY gued some sort of disciplinary action cavalry. A BINDER suitable for preserving your directed against him. Wood was more inclined than Pershing copies of The American Legion Monthly. "I think I would not be wholly frank to tell others how than to listen when THIS binder is strong, artistic in design, beautifully embossed in gold, and made of if I did not say that I think General receptivity was so vital in the rapidly blue artificial leather. Binders can be pur- Wood has been very indiscreet and that changing tactics of the Western Front, chased for volumes I. II, III, IV, V. VI. VII, VIII and IX. The curent volume is I think the appearance of political activ- when any commander whom we sent No. IX. ity which he has allowed to grow up must be a pupil at the outset. Both men THE price of this binder is $1.00 each, postpaid, in the United States. In foreign about many of his actions has been un- had traveled much. Pershing had had an remittance estimated postage. countries, add to fortunate for his splendid reputation as a invaluable preparatory experience as at- The American Legion Monthly soldier; but I have no disposition or even tache with the Japanese in the latest pre- P. O. Box 1357, vious great war and the first with modern Indianapolis, Indiana willingness at this time to think in political terms and desire to forget all other weapons in which vast masses of troops considerations than those which make for were employed on the European system. 1EA the greatest success in this unprecedented Since Cuba, with the exception of a cam- To""Mount Birds undertaking. paign of a handful of men against the We teach you At Home by Mall to mount Birds, Ani- in the Philippines, had not mals, Heads, Tan Furs and Make Ruga. Be a taxider- "I trust you will understand the frank- Moros Wood my artist. Easily, quickly learned by men, women and boys.Tremendously interesting1 and f aecinatiiur. Decorate ness of this letter as I heartily appreciate commanded troops on active service; borne and den with beautiful art. Moke Big Profits from Spare Time Selling Specimens and Mounting for Others. the generosity of yours. while Pershing had led our largest expe- RarfcAaafaaB'^eautiful book telling all about bow rFmaar«S«S DUUtt to , earn taxidermy sent Free if you "Cordially yours, dition since the Spanish War and com- state your AGE. Send Today. You will be delighted. 1 "Newton D. Baker manded on the border the largest force WorthwesteraSchoolofTaiidenDj SwgBSTSLSft "Secretary of War." under active service conditions since the The record of every officer from the Civil War. T Follow This Man time he is commissioned is kept in the Baker did not have to refer to W ar Secret Service Operator No. 38 is on the job! Running down Counterfeit War Department, including that of his Department files for his record in this Gang. Tell-tale finger prints in mur- dered girl's room. Thrills, Mystery. examinations for promotion and the re- task, which of itself would have dropped FT\e Confidential Reports Yf*(*V,X of Operator No. SH mads port of his commanding officer as to char- the balance in Pershing's favor. He had * * <• his chief. Write for it. S3.O0O a Year and Up seen Pershing submitted to a most gril- YOU can become a Finger Print Ex- acter, conduct, zeal and capacity. When pert at home, in spare time. Write ling not for details if 17 or over. the assignment of any officer is being test of subordination. He had Institute of Applied Science 1920 Sunnyslde Ave. considered the Secretary has the refer- only obeyed orders but interpreted their Dept. 4Q-S9 Chicago, III. ence of his record and the opinion of the spirit. Month after month his force was Chief of Staff as well as his own observa- isolated beyond the Mexican border. He tion of the man. Baker had taken to his had kept his own temper and his men in house the records of all the brigadier gen- hand under Mexican baiting. It would erals and major generals for thorough have been easy for Pershing to create a f'gADIO study and comparison. Barry must be situation which would have brought on CATALOG eliminated by health and lack of combat war with Mexico and given him a mil- experience; and health ruled Bell out. itary leader's opportunity and his men »>— -.n The latest in Radio ... left choice between Wood and release in action. He might have led an m «^rVV**\\ new 1931 Screen Grid H um- This the ft«rrtl®ir»:S less All-Electric Sets. re- Pershing, as no brigadier general seemed army to Mexico City. No grumbling ft*^ —**,lV»|]*-s=^ motecontrol.publicaddress, ===sS for supreme from him had found its way to Washing- ^^ phono-combinations ... all to measure up to either one dynamic speaker equipped. Also command. Wood's criticism of the Pres- ton. battery Beautiful consoles. operated sets. not had served with him said his Accessories, parts, kits, electric appliances, etc. ident, his Commander-in-Chief, was Some who Send for this 168- page FREE book today I the only adverse factor in his case. thoroughness had its defects. He had al- He had had a second operation for an ways to finish the subject in hand, and ALLI ED*' RADIO injury to his skull which came from his this led to procrastination which was to CORPORATION head striking a lamp upon rising from his be responsible in France for his not ap- 1 711 W LAKE St Dept. 311 CHICAGO

60 Thc AMERICAN LEGION Monthly —

pearing on time for inspection of divi- ready there, but my military associates

sions which grew weary of waiting in here believe that it will be necessary to formation for him. The younger men of have a division of troops on this side the said he had an open mind, and ready to follow fairly shortly, so as to 1U Army appreciation. That was important if he get the advantage of the training received GOVERNMENT were to grow up to his task, and broaden by the first division and be able to sup- his shoulders as the burden broadened. plement it should battle losses or sickness POSITIONS? As Baker said, he wanted a ''two-fisted diminish its numbers. fighting man."' and Pershing had that as "The General Staff here believe that OVER 900 DIFFERENT KINDS the first qualification for high command the despatch of this force will for a while of POSITIONS AVAILABLE in time of war. When Baker went to the satisfy the sentimental desire of the White House and said he had chosen French people to see American soldiers For MEN-WOMEN age 18 to 55 Pershing, the President asked him to give on the front, and that it will have an IN or OUTSIDE WORK— LOCAL or TRAVELING his reasons, and, upon learning them, said enormously stimulating effect in France. If you want a steady Gov't Position whero strikes, hard times, believe, politics, etc., will not affect you. where you draw twelve that the choice was satisfactory. They however, that very constant months" pay every year, get on Uncle Sam's Payroll. Stop The first mention of Pershing in the pressure will be brought to bear from worrying, enjoy life. Pick the position you want, it belongs to you just as much as to anyone else. Why not net It! It is all to Baker files in relation to the American France for further forces, and that the up you 1 The positions described in this announcement are only a few of the many desirable ones obtainable. KM Expeditionary Force is in the following offers of England and France to place out the coupon below, mail it today, and full particulars will be sent immediately. letter to the President from Baker, which their training camps at our disposal to SPECIAL AGENTS [Investigators] will bear careful reading in the light of complete the training of partially trained Start $200 Month future events: bodies of men will be pressed upon us, so Government Secret Service Work is a fascinating * branch of the service. These positions located through- "May 8, 191 7. that they urge me to keep in mind the out the country are both traveling and stationary. Salaries up to $5,0110 yearly, and all traveling ex- "My dear Mr. President: possibility of this sort of insistence from penses paid while on the Toad. "The plan for an expeditionary force the French and British military author- OUTDOOR POSITIONS Ideal, bealthy, fascinating work, wherel to France is in this state: ities. you can enjoy the forests and mountain f "I am directing General Pershing, by "I would be very glad to have your ap- trails. The duties are patroling our Bor- ders and forests, acting as Game. Kish, cipher despatch, to report in person to proval of so much of this program as is ami Kite Warden, furnishing information to tourists, etc. me in Washington. He has been confi- involved in the immediate despatch of RURAL AND CITY CARRIERS $1400 to $3000 Year dentially informed of the object of this General Pershing and his aides to France Rural Mail Carrier, easy, healthy work, short hours, with a large part of the day left to do as he pleases. order. I will to study on the ground the conditions and When he arrives here. have Thousands of city positions for those who prefer inside him select one or two trustworthy aides prepare for the reception and arming of work, delivering mail in office buildings. These positions open to both country and city people. and go to France at once, sending back our troops which are to follow him. The MEAT INSPECTORS word upon important matters in connec- plan is, however, of course, as yet wholly $1500 to $1860 Year and Up Farmers, butchers, or anyone with a knowledge of tion with the expeditionary force which flexible; and if any feature of it seems live stock, food products, meats, etc.. are in line for one of these positions. Salaries and promotions in will to it con- the meantime be assembled, con- you to need change, can be splendid. Both men and women are eligible. sisting of about 12,000 men, all of them formed to your wishes. RAILWAY MAIL CLERKS from the Regular Army, with the possible "Respectfully yours, $1900 to $2700 Year Ideal work for men who like to travel and exception of one regiment of marines, the "Newton D. Baker." see the country free. You are usually on duty four days and off duty four days, but Marine Corps being particularly anxious French appeal for man-power, to have paid for full time. You receive extra allowance for hotel ex- pense when away from home and when old you are to participate in the first expedition, be- us in the War through casualty lists, was retired with a pension which makes you comfortable the balance of cause of a tradition in the Marine Corps so strong that, although Joffre, at the your life. CUSTOMS INSPECTORS that it has College, said keep our own always done so in our past War had to $2100 Year to Start history. rifle, it was now proposed to use the The duties are to check anil inspect goods brought into this country, levy duties, etc., and "I have taken up with Mr. Denman the French rifle. This seemed reasonable if see that Customs regulations are not violated. This is very fascinating work with splendid question of providing the transportation, our division were to be used as a"mere salaries. and he is studying the question. In the division" in the French army. And if we j- — SERVICE MEN GET PREFERENCE-

1 ( ) Railway meantime, the force will be assembled were to send a full division at once, then, Mail Clerks ( ) File Clerk Prohibition ( ) Investigators ( ) General Clerk and ready to send, and will be embarked lest that initial division should be sunk ( ) K. K. D. Carrier ( ) Matrons ( ) U. S. Bonier Patrol even before General Pershing arrives in in the French army, we should have ; ( ) Watchman t ) Special J Agents ( ) Skilled Laborer I ( ) Tel. Operator France, unless' transportation difficulties another there to profit by the lessons of ( ) Postmasters I < ) City Mail Carrier ( ) Steno. —Typist ( ) Meat Inspector intervene. the first as the basis of forming our own I ( ) Emigrant Inspector ( ) Bookkeeper j Seamstress "It has been determined that the force Army. ( ) Customs Inspector ( ) ( ) U. S. Guards ( ) Auditor shall co-operate first 1 with the French land But the of the two main points ( ) P. 0. Clerk ( ) Steno. — Secretary Inst ruct ion Bureau forces. Our present belief is that for this of the letter, which reflects so well the I Dept. 460, St. Louis, Mo. reason they should be armed in influences of the moment, is the anticipa- j France, j Send me immediately KREE, full particulars about posi- I tions marked "X." Also your big list of other positions both with the French rifle and French tion so early in the War by the staff that I obtainable, salaries, locations, how to qualify, opportu- nitles, etc. 1 artillery, the French Government having this was only the beginning of the pres- I NAME offered so to arm them and several other sure that was to be brought to bear from j j ADDRESS divisions of the same size if we send them France, a pressure which reached its ze- j J over. The advantage of using French nith at the time of Chateau-Thierry in arms and ammunition is in not necessi- the message from Foch, as Generalissimo, tating the transportation and supply of that there must be three million Ameri- COMPLETE HOME GYM A heavy unbreakable steel compact gymnasium... our own arms and ammunition and the can soldiers in France to assure victory. weighs about 200 pounds . . . Not a child's toy, but maintenance of an uninterrupted supply, The second main point is that the only a real exercise outfit ... built for grownups . . . the French having an adequate supply part of the program for which approval on hand. So small a force would of is asked is in the immediate despatch of GVMTUNIOR course be unable to take over for its in- General Pershing "to France to study on Hundreds of these dependent operation a portion of the the ground the conditions and prepare for remarkable BODY BUILDERS have been front, and would have to be used as a the reception and arming of our troops T sold for clubs and mere division of the French army. An which are to follow him." The W ar De- offices . . . Reasonably priced, easy payments. entirely different type of weapon and dif- partment seems to have had in mind in ferent sizes of ammunition would there- relation to many rapidly changing fac- FLOOR Punching Bag BARS fore be an element of confusion which tors the President's promise to Joffre, to Rowing Machine OLD ought to be avoided. Chest Weights UP do anything he wanted. WHEN Parallel Bars "After this division is safely in France Obviously, many decisions must wait NOT Wrist Developer IN and is training. General Pershing can ad- upon Pershing, speeding from border Massager use vise us of conditions and of the wisdom patrol on his way to face the German Wall Ladder Chinning Bar GYM JUNIOR CO. of sending other divisions over to be military machine. He stood for the lead- jj Running Machine 540 Gregory Ave. m trained in conjunction the ( Continued on page with the one al- ing of moth- 63) Swimming Machine Weehawken, N. J.

DECEMBER, 1930 6l — —

THE UNFINISHED BATTLE

f"££ yourVost Service Officerfordetailcd information on any ofthe subjects relatiru) to rights orbenefits covered

<_' in this aepartmenlfy'he cannot answer •ourauestion. if uour'Department Service Officer canWrite toyourDepart- ment Service or to Officer theOieaional OJfice of'he'Vcterans 'Bureau inyour Stale on matters connected with uncomplicated This REMINGTON SHEATH Knife claims or routine activities Jfunable to obtain service locally orin uourState. address communications taxational Rehabilitation <^mittcc.Ob9lmmcan/^ion.710(Bona' GEO. AL. WAGNER, 2 1 90 Broadway, N.Y. S Lissner, and also sick-bay attendants on U. S. may be met the needs for direct financial S. Louisiana in June. 1919, remembering dis- aid and co-operating with other special- ability of Roy S. Hartman. 31st Engrs., Co. B. Montoir Yards, St. Naz- | Address ized organizations has been proved sound. I aire, France—Statements required from round Particularly effective has been the plan house foreman (probably Lt. John M. B, Humphrey) and firemen who remember dis- of holding under national direction a ability to Ernest E. Auge. Learn at series of conferences of child welfare 78th Inf., Co. F, Camp Custer, Mich.—For- Home—by mer officers, medical officers and men who re- workers in various sections of the coun- Mail! Easily! Quickly! member disability sustained by Sam Cortese New! Different! Teachea yoa Biff Tricka. try, and equally successful has been the as result of inoculations received during flu Illusions. Stairc Stunts. "Patter" and the epidemic of 1918. Principles of Magic. Learn at borne. As* system of national help to enable the de- tonteh your friends. Write today for fall Q. M. C. Det. No. 704, Camp la Valdahon. Information. Please tell as roar age. partments to develop qualified directors France Former members can be cf assistance TARBELL SYSTEM, INC. — to Abraham D. Davidson. 1926 Sunnyside Av«. Studio 40-59 and field workers. Chicago, Illinois Hq., Field Hosp., Sec. 305. Sanitary Trn. ( The practical nature of the Child Wel- A. E. F.— Statement required from E. R. Lane, ex-cpl., who knows of fall from horse sustained fare Committee's activities is illustrated RAISE bv Rawly Martin Goolsby. VRAIAND NEWCHINCHILLAZEALAND by one resolution adopted by the Boston 110th Inf., Co. E. 28th Div.—Statements WHITE from medical men or Red Cross men who treated convention. It recommended: FUR RABBITS ZtUXtSt Jerry J. Hanks and tagged him for paralyzed "That The American Legion instruct arm, about one kilometer from Apremont, ^V^^B^^k «»d Pay you following prices for all '"" France, Oct. 10, 1918, and twice before that tjm J ra ' se: Chinchillas average $3 each its legislative committee to prepare the —New Zealand Whites $2 each. 32-page date for gas. Illustrated book, catalog and contract, also copy of necessary bills allowing compensation Base Hosp. No. 54. Paris. France—For- Fur Farming magazine, tells how to raise rabbits for mer Cpl. Thomas D. StorIe, 451st Co.. 415th uig where necessary to the families of vet- profits, all for 10c. Address Supply Trn.. (A. E. F. boxer) requires state- OUTDOOR ENTERPRISE CO. erans, where the veteran is hospitalized or ment from medical officer who removed growth BOX 1042, HOLMES PARK, MISSOURI deceased, whether or not such hospitali- over his eye during summer of 1919. U. S. S. South Carolina — Former crew mates Travel zation or death is due to service connec- who remember shell-shock suffered by William On tion, the compensation to continue until Fletcher Parker while ship was at target practice off Cape Hatteras, just before storm in "Uncle Sam's" the veteran is discharged from the hos- which U. S. S. Michigan lost her mast. Later, Radnor, shell exploded above hatch pital, or, in case of his death, to continue on U. S. S. and he again sustained head injuries. Pay Roll until his children have reached the age of 144th Inf., Med. Det.—Former comrades who sixteen years." can assist Sherman Walton in his disability claim. Gillin, Francis Joseph— Cpl., Co. L. Fourth honorably discharged Aug. 25, 1921. Rela- we are unable to conduct a Cav., WHILE tives in Alden, Pa., report him missing since general missing persons column, we Christmas. 1929. Leirich. Emil Francis. Fifth Corps. U. S. stand ready to assist in locating men $1900 to Railway Postal Clerks Marines, Second Div.—Wounded at Chateau- whose statements are required in support Thierry, June 25. 1918. Discharged at Quan- $2700 i tico, 28, 1919. Received treatment . / FRANKLIN INSTITUTE of various claims. Queries and responses Va.. May at A YEAR > Dept. SI 93 Rochester, H. V. Hosp., Chicago. Sent clothing home, r Naval Base Sim: Rush to me without charge, tl) Q 32-page should be directed to the Legion's Na- intending to follow, but has not been heard from Ei-Servlca g, ,b."" k describing steady Government jobs. (2) r~t I Lint "' U. S. t,.,v--rnnii'nt ji.hs n.tw open to since 1919. Ex-Service Men. (Tellipehow togetapoalHon.) tional Rehabilitation Committee, 600 Preference„ , © Johnson, Robert (colored), formerly with Nl»»e- Bond Building, Washington, D. C. The Eighth Co., Second Tin. Bn., and with Co. A, Mall Coupon / Today Sure t Address 62 The AMERICAN LEGIOX Monthly : )

310th Labor Bn.. honorably discharged Nov. 2. plexion : 145 lbs. : salesman and accountant. 1918, on S. C. D. Missing. If death can be estab- Missing since Aug. 31, 1930. lished, insurance and death compensation may Commons, John A. Disappeared from Madi- be paid to aged, dependent mother. son, Wise. Aug. 1. 1930. Mentally deranged.

Duane, Sylvester, last known address Clen- 38 yrs. old ; 5 ft. 7 in. : 150 lbs. ; dark complex-

endin Encampment, Wyoming. Enlisted Van- ion ; black hair. Served as 2d It.. 339th Inf. couver, B. C Feb. 28, 1917, served in England, Arnold, Thomas E. Last heard from July 31, France and Belgium. Discharged at Victoria, 1930, Akron, Ohio. Thought he may apply to B. C. Jan. 18, 1919. Wounded. Missing. Veterans Bureau regional office for loan. Chil-

Putnam, John S., 34 yrs. old, 5 ft. 10 in. : dren in need and cannot receive compensation

dark blue eyes ; dark bl own hair ; pale com- until father is located.

When tMr. "Baker zMade War mm (Continued from page 61) TJl Split the ers' sons. He would send back -the lists erals travel in automobiles, ne was not to (pm PioiitswithUbn of casualties, and all the reports in which ride into the White House on his vic- I am now ready to place an ambitious, en- a nation's suspense hung, until it was torious charger. The future President ergetic man in charge of my oil agency finally broken in the relief of the War's whose reputation was made in the War right in your locality. I'll make him my partner, end. was to be a civilian engineer and distrib- furnish everything that's needed to do a big business and divide the profits SO-SO every week. Baker and he had never met until Per- utor of food. Pershing was given a little I have hundreds of men established now on this basis. ready to put on 100 more. If you have shing stood before the Secretary's desk. room, all that could be spared, across the Am the ambition to work — where work means big money, I'll What if Baker's visual estimate of Per- corridor from the Secretary's office, to start you without a cent of Investment. It's a chance of a lifetime—a real opportunity towln quick, permanent success. shing did not measure up to the standard begin the organization of the American of the reports of the commander of the Expeditionary Force, in the midst of sur- ten thousand across the Mexican border? roundings as hectic as the lobbies of a $50t0$100wiEK But there was no disappointment in the national political convention. Your Share Of The Profits On this square deal plan, Wengard, an Ohio part- of more than height, lean, Since Baker's letter to the President, man medium ner, made $430.00 for his share in one week. Mont- and bronzed as a hardy plainsman—the and while Pershing was on his way from gomery, Iowa, made $216.00 the first week he started. In West Va., Mason's share for a week was soldier, simply the subordinate soldier in the border, our understanding of our $126.02. You too can make big money. No experi- the soldier's part for which his country problem and responsibility in relation to ence needed. I'll show you how. Furnish everything free. No wonder my men call this "the prize opportunity of the age.'' had trained him before his civilian chief. the Allies and victory in the War, had West Point, Cuba, the Philippines, staff been advancing. The force he should EVERYBODY BUYS OIL It's great business something doing every min- and line, in another six years he would command should not precede the com- a — ute. Millions of automobiles, trucks, tractors, farm have been one of the major generals on mander. He was not to depart with two engines use oil. You know that. The market is unlimited. In this proposition you handle the the retired list, if destiny had not brought or three officers, but with enough, at the nationally known line of Cen-Pe-Co Motor Oils- us into still another war. source of the conflicting demands and oil of wonderful quality—18 years a leader in the field of motor lubrication. Prices are right. Beats all com- In keeping with the age of specialists, reports, to enable him to form a sound petition. You simply take orders on long credit terms. when men are no longer orators, authors, policy of co-operation. We ship direct from nearby warehouse andcollect. Pay yoif every week. Every order means a satisfied customer. You soldiers, and statesmen in one, the gen- ( To be continued) soon have a large, steady, repeat order business of your own. PROFITS GROW FAST In addition to lubricating oils, I give you the opportunity for greater profits with my complete line of Quality Paints and Roofing — well known Then and ^(ozv brands in constant demand. There's a big business waiting for you wherever you are. No matter what you are doing now or what kind of work you've ( Continued from page 38 done, how young or old you are, if you are willing to work, follow my directions and have the ambition to make real money, 1 can guarantee your success. have long been awaiting publication and Dec. 6. Efforts are also being made to obtain complete casualty list for company memorial M/f ,MSi4-a \*MIVI* Don't wait if you want for the requests for detailed information tablet in 77th Division Clubhouse. Report to tn i s chance. Opportuni- ties like this can't wait. organization must be completed Bill Tighe. 541 Isham St., New York, N. Y. My concerning some of our comrades lost at once. If at the start you can devote only your spare Co. B, 359th Inf.— Reunion. Sept., 1931. To in service. Here to time to this business, I can arrange that. Just say, "I am and now we want complete roster, write to Fred Hopkins? Jr., interested in your proposition" in a letter or on a postcard. thank the Legionnaires who responded to Krum, Texas. Mall It and I'll send complete particulars by return mall. Btty. F, 109th F. A.— Eleventh annual din- All it will cost you is a stamp. You can begin doing business and making money within week without the requests of Gold Star Mothers which ner-reunion. Hotel Redington, Wilkes-Barre, a a penny more capital. First applications get the preference. in these Pa„ Nov. 29th. Address W. Charles Gallagher. appeared columns in September. P. T. Webster, General 157 Willow St., Wilkes-Barre. Manager Btty. A, 136th F. A.— 1931 reunion in Mont- Central Petroleum Co. SikSSSK SlftS T*\IXING rooms in restaurants, hotels, gomery, Ala. To complete roster, write to W. C. Smart, 592 Wiltshire rd., Columbus. Ohio. clubs, Legion clubhouses and what 34TH Engrs.—1931 reunion, Dayton, Ohio. have you were at a premium on the night Complete company rosters can be obtained from George Remple, 1225 Alberta st., Dayton. Ohio. of the big Legion parade in Boston, as Former members are requested to report to him. veterans of more than a hundred wartime 50th Aero Sqdrn. Assoc.—A new "Roll Call" will be published soon. Former members are outfits made merry at their reunions. De- asked to write to J. Howard Hill, secy., 1243 S. troit, the national convention city for Main St., Akron. Ohio. Enter anytime. You dnn t need experience. Special limited offer. Radio an.i A riatlon Electricity Coqraea included 213th Aero Sqdrn. Vets. Assoc. Monthly Act I — while you learn. Send for bio free catalog . now 1 93 1, will probably see even a greater meeting and dinner at Wentworth Hotel, 59 'cOVNE ELECTRICAL SCHOOL, DEPT. 9O-04 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS number of reunions, but in the meantime, West 46th St., New York City. Former mem- 500 SOUTH PAULINA STREET • • bers send names and addresses to A. F. Abarno, we have these reunions and other activi- Keith-Albee Theatre bldg.. Flushing. N. Y. ties to report U. S. S. Ticondtroga—AH former members of crew (Jan., 1918, to Sept. 30. 1918) and Army 30TH Div.—Former members having pictures and Navy survivors of battle with enemy sub- or knowing of photographers who took pictures marine on Sept. 30, 1918, interested in pro- at Camp Sevier, training scenes, parades, home- posed veterans' association, write to Frank L. coming, etc., report to E. A. Murphy. Lepanto, Muller, 1227 Mountain View, San Fernando, Ark., who is compiling complete history of di- Calif. vision. S. S. Tuscania —Annual reunion of Tus- 37th Div.—Only 500 copies of complete his- cania survivors, Milwaukee, Wise. Feb. 5, 1931. tory of division Send name, address and outfit with which con- (two volumes and set of maps) Check is an amazing nected, to Leo Zimmermann, 567-55th st.. are still available to former members or rela- V. new invention th.it closes tives of deceased members, without cost. Apply Milwaukee. all doors silently and auto- to John Edwards, secy.-treas., 37th Div. A. E. F. U. S. S. Arcthusa—To complete roster, for- matically. Closinc speed crew to B. Car- easily adjusted hy turning Vets.' Assoc., 329 Stoneman bldg., Columbus, mer members of report Amos screw at top of check. Holds Ohio. penter. 18 Woodlawn st., Springfield. Mass. doors open when wanted on new oil Camp Meade Country Club Reunion of open. Operates 78th Div.—Former members are requested to — principle. Low priced. Kver- installed in former Q. M. officers who were members of club I asting. Easily file names and permanent addresses, stating . Never in 1917, will be held in Philadelphia. Pa.. Jan. 3 minutes needa attention. unit in which they served, with Lieut. John A REAL DEMONSTRATOR Furnished Every Agent 17. 1931. William M. Peck, 1695 N. 56th st., to carry Kennedy, secy.. 78th Div. Assoc., 208 W. 19th You ifet orders quickly demonstrating actual sample on easy Philadelphia. miniature door. Every office, factory, store, institution and public St.. New York City. building needs « Kant-S'am for every door. Rmih name and address Co. D, 308th Inf.—Reunion, New York City. The Company Clerk foV details OX ama/ing money nakinir opportunity. v FREE T R I L OFFER—WRITE! KANT-SLAM DOOR CHECK CO J-42 Bloomtield. Ind

DECEMBER. iq3o THE MESSAGE CENTER

SO MUCH space—deservedly— is de- are the convention. A Legion convention including the 33d, to which I was as- voted in this issue to the Twelfth is a kaleidoscope in which every tiny signed. After the Armistice the company National Convention of The American fragment offers its jot of color. was reorganized under my command but Legion at Boston that another few para- I later accepted a commission in what graphs won't do us any harm. We found was to be a heavy artillery regiment, everywhere among the Bostonians them- DAN BALMER sends us a copy of later changed to Infantry, from which I selves a genuine eagerness to know what the Physical Education Number of retired about a year ago." the Legion thought of them. This ques- the Perry Point Bulletin, issued by the tion was easy to answer, though it had to Occupational Therapy Department of be admitted that the congestion in some the United States Veterans Bureau Hos- IAGK of space has prevented earlier pub- spots was so great (no fault of Boston) pital at Perry Point, Maryland. "The lication of the following interesting that many convention visitors were phys- book," Balmer tells us, "is hand-set, and letter from Joseph A. Murphy, Resident ically unable to catch sight of any Bos- printed by patients. Our press and type Bridge Engineer, Idaho State Highway, tonians at all, being perpetually and con- were donated by The American Legion Priest River, Idaho: "It was with the tinually surrounded by impenetrable Auxiliary of Pennsylvania, Delaware and keenest pleasure that I read the account crowds of Iowans, Californians, Tennes- Maryland. The press is called 'Lady by Henry W. Daly in the April issue of seeans, Ohioans and Dan Sowers. Legion'." Patients at Perry Point com- the retreat of Joseph and the Nez Perces pete annually for trophies in bowling (ten tribe, from their home in the Wallowa pins and ducks), swimming, tennis, base- region of Oregon, to defeat and surrender THE question, as we said, was easy to ball, handball, pool, horseshoe pitching, a day's journey from the Canadian bor- answer. The Legion took Boston to athletic improvement, and physical im- der in northern Montana. When the its heart as completely as Boston took the provement. Cups are awarded in each of saga of the sword is finally written this Legion. The loudest noise in a conven- these events, nine of them contributed by military rearguard action against the tion that did not lack for noise at any Legion departments in Pennsylvania or pride of the United States Army and the time was the explosion of the myth that Maryland, and one (for baseball) by A. retreat of an entire tribe over a virgin New Englanders in general, and Boston- G. Spalding & Bros. wilderness of fifteen hundred miles will ians in particular, are a cold, cheerless, stand out as one of the greatest military critical lot, partaking somewhat of the achievements of history. I was a member of deep-sea chill of their native codfish. JOHN R. HOLLER, Sergeant-at-Arms the engineering crew supervising the con- Geniality and hospitality were the order of Post Number Four of The American struction of the north and south highway of the day—of all four days—and were Legion at Juneau, Alaska, makes some of Idaho through the Whitebird battle- exemplified alike in Governor Allen, interesting comments inspired by Frede- field in 1 020. One morning in August as Mayor Curley, President Carroll Swan rick Palmer's allusion to sourdoughs in the steam shovel was digging in a little of the Convention Corporation, every his Personal View department in the Sep- tributary of Whitebird Creek it unearthed taxi driver, policeman, waiter (and wait- tember number. Mr. Holler writes: "In a soldier's grave. He had been killed in ress), and every plain citizen. Most typi- Alaska the term sourdough is an honored action that June 17th of 1877 and had cal, perhaps, was the grin on the face of one to the holder thereof and differenti- been buried where he fell. In fact, in Ranking Private Citizen Calvin Coolidge ates him from the Cheechaco, or tender- position on his forehead, was a pair of when he was introduced to the conven- foot, or greenhorn, or what have you. spectacles the lenses of which were of the tion. The term to an Alaskan means: 'He who old-fashioned oblong shape; at his side has seen the midnight sun and the ice go was a Springfield 45-70 carbine, with out of the river (Yukon),' but by reason eight cartridges. His shoes were in a EVEN the fire department, which of the extent and difference in climate in perfect state of preservation and had not twice had to bust across the parade Alaska (southeastern Alaska being milder been removed in burial. When the other route in line of duty, was nice about it, than New York City or Boston) it means bodies of those who fell that day were and a fireman going to a fire has every one who has been in Alaska over a year." taken away and given a military burial right in the world to forget the rules of evidently this one was missed. Patriotic etiquette. Apparently neither fire was societies later erected a beautiful monument on the spot commemorating very great shakes. Or perhaps the fire- ZO ELLIOTT'S article, "John Brown the men just wanted to see the parade. of Boston," which appeared in the heroism of him who had given his life to August number, drew the following in- his country. Sometime afterward the teresting reply from Lt. Col. Albert L. Nez Perces tribe, proud of their heritage PERHAPS the best way to learn how Kendall of Framingham Centre, Mass- and the tradition of the ridge where deeply a Legion national convention achusetts: "As a long-time service man Joseph held and won the day, erected a gets under the skin of a city's population in the Second Company, 'Boston Tigers,' beautiful tribute to the Indians who bust of is to move a little off from the conven- Massachusetts Coast Artillery Corps, fought there. It was a a Nez tion itself and conceal yourself for a few and company commander when we en- Perces warrior in full regalia of war bonnet minutes among the natives. There are tered the LTnited States Service in 191 7. and paint. There was a modest inscrip- tion on a bronze placque which read: various ways of doing it —by visiting a I was very much interested in the article corner drugstore or an obscure ham- on the John Brown song. I have often 'Dedicated to the Memory of the Nez burgery far from the tumult and the heard Captain Halgreen tell the story of Perces Warriors Who Fought on This Field 1877.' little shouting, by trolleying or bussing to a the origin of the John Brown song, and it June 17th, Vandals a corner of town well removed from the checks in every way with the story as later desecrated this memorial, breaking overturning main convention scene, by journeying to printed. Captain Halgreen, I might say, the head from the shaft and the I never heard a an adjacent suburb (which is easy to do has been dead only three or four years monument. have idea in a city so well suburbed as Boston) and and attended our reunions after he had complaint about this, but have an mingling with homecoming crowds on passed the ninety-year mark. Like most that if some of the Indians should take a a the streets, and by frankly but not con- of the National Guard companies, the hammer and mutilate that monument spicuously eavesdropping whenever and Second Company was pretty well broken few rods up the grade the entire count ry wherever opportunity permits. The con- up by transfers after going into the ser- would be in arms." versation is likely to be one-hundred vice, the first details going to the 101st percent convention. And it will be con- Ammunition Train and the 101st Field cerned not with the complete pageant, but Artillery, 26th Division. Later, as we witlioneortwoof the thousand individual recruited up, transfers were made to spots of color that in the aggregate really twelve other heavy artillery regiments, 7)k. ^jo^z 64 The AMERICAN LEGION Monthly DeafDumb-Blind Yet "He" Stops Auto Thieves

What in the world IS this uncanny new discovery that so instantly terrifies auto thieves? Absolutely different from anything you expect. Imagine the panic struck into the heart of anyone who at- tempts to steal your car when this strange new invention literally "hypnotizes" them the minute they touch spotlight, spare tires or even your car. Thieves fear it worse than poison. Its terrible power literally "petrifies" them. They cannot even remove a thing. Now your car can be absolutely safe, anywhere you leave it. Don't con- fuse this queer new invention with anything you ever saw. It is not a bell. Not a lock. Not an explosion. Not an electrical shocker. Not a poison gas. Not a stream of liquid fire. Yet the deadly fear it puts into thieves throws them into a panic. It works automatically the instant anyone even touches your car. Cannot injure innocent persons. Recommended by police and insurance companies. No bigger than your hand. Costs only one penny a year to operate. Almost never wears out. The cheapest, surest theft insurance you can buy. And that's not all. Excites and amuses everybody. Have lots of fun with your friends. Mysterious New Invention Offers Agents Z $40 a Day

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